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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "TCP variants"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024
Оновлено: 7 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "TCP variants":

1

Junior, Airton Orlandini, and Luciana Andréia Fondazzi Martimiano. "Performance Analysis of the Segment Transfer Rate of TCP-UEM." Revista de Informática Teórica e Aplicada 26, no. 2 (August 3, 2019): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2175-2745.82043.

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UsingTCP(TransmissionControlProtocol)inwirelessnetworkscanaffectitsperformanceduetoits lack of ability to identify packets losses properly, causing the triggering of its congestion control mechanism. Some TCP variants were proposed to improve this control, being TCP-UEM one of them. This variant allows the evaluation of the link reliability in wireless networks in time intervals, keeping the end-to-end semantics. TCP-UEM was implemented in FreeBSD OS and its performance with relation to segment transfer rate (in Mbps) was compared to two other variants, TCP-NEWRENO and TCP-CUBIC. This paper describes TCP-UEM, discusses results of the tests and the statistical analysis that were carried out using two scenarios. For each scenario, 30 samples of 30 seconds of execution time with different loss rates were collected. The results showed that TCP-UEM presented a good performance, achieving a performance higher than the other two variants in the majority of the tests, with different loss rates.
2

Lydiah Moraa Machora. "A survey of transmission control protocol variants." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 3 (March 30, 2024): 1828–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.3.0886.

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TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), is a reliable connection oriented end-to-end protocol. It contains within itself, mechanisms for ensuring reliability by requiring the receiver to acknowledge the segments that it receives. The network is not perfect and a small percentage of packets are lost enroute, either due to network error or due to the fact that there is congestion in the network and the routers are dropping packets. TCP ensures reliability by starting a timer whenever it sends a segment. If it does not receive an acknowledgement from the receiver within the ‘time-out’ interval then it retransmits the segment. In this paper a review of various TCP is carried out. There are a number of TCP variants for application in the management of network efficiency in terms of network congestion and transmission efficiency. These variants include: - TCP Tahoe, TCP Reno, TCP New Reno, TCP Vegas, TCP SACK, TCP FACK, TCP Asym, TCP RBP, Full TCP and TCP CUBIC. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to study the tcp types on the network performance variances. All have different features and advantages but with maximal throughput as main objective, which are termed as the clones of TCP, have been incorporated into TCP/IP protocol for handling congestion efficiently in different network scenarios.
3

Nigar, Nahida, and Muhammad Anwarul Azim. "Fairness Comparison of TCP Variants over Proactive and Reactive Routing Protocol in MANET." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 2199. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2199-2206.

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Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are applicable in an infrastructureless environment where the mobile devices act as routers and intermediate nodes are used to transfer segments to their final destination. As Transmission control protocol (TCP) was originated for Internet with fundamentally different properties, faces serious challenges when used in mobile ad hoc networks. TCP functionality degrades, due to special properties of MANET such as route failure because of significant change of network topology and link errors. TCP uses Congestion Control Algorithms; TCP Vegas is one of them which claim to have better throughput comparing with other TCP variants in a wired network. Fairness issues of TCP Variants in MANET including existing routing protocol are still unsolved. To determine the best TCP Variants in MANET environment over renowned routing protocol is the main objective of this paper. A Study on the throughput fairness of TCP Variants namely, Vegas, Reno, New Reno, SACK, FACK, and Cubic are performed via simulation experiment using network simulator (ns-2) over existing routing protocol, named, AODV, AOMDV, DSDV, and DSR. This fairness evaluation of TCP flows arranged a contrast medium for the TCP Variants using stated routing protocol in MANET. However, TCP Vegas obtain unfair throughput in MANET. The simulation results show that TCP Reno outperforms other TCP variants under DSDV routing protocol.
4

Nigar, Nahida. "Comparative Performance Evaluation of TCP with Identical and Cross-Variant Congestion Control." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i1.262.

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The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), a key functional building block of the Internet, operates as a rate-adaptive end-to-end protocol at the Transport Layer of the network protocol stack. It regulates the prevailing load conditions within the network by getting the source node to adapt the packet transfer rate in accord with the processing capacity of the receiver. The regulation is enforced by means of dropping of packets on the part of the receiver. The TCP sender then reduces the packet injection rate so as to allow the network to recover from congestion. The focus of this paper is performance evaluation of certain notable TCP congestion avoidance algorithms, namely, Vegas, Reno and New Reno. Specifically, a number of performance measures have been analysed based on ns-2 simulation data where the scenarios involved TCP flows operating with identical and cross-variant congestion control mechanisms. Congestion window behaviour, packet loss, throughput, transmission delay and jitter are the performance criteria studied with the setup mentioned. In the flows with identical variants, Vegas outperforms other TCP variants. However, TCP Vegas has been observed to contribute to unfair appropriation of the resources in the cross-variant setting.
5

Elmannai, Wafa, Abdul Razaque, and Khaled Elleithy. "Deployment of TCP University of Bridgeport (UB) to Control Law Enforcement Department over Wireless Mesh Network." Journal of Communications and Computer Engineering 3, no. 1 (December 10, 2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20454/jcce.2013.427.

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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the most reliable protocol. That was previously introduced for wired networks only. Lately the TCP started to act poorly for several factors due to the advent of wireless network. The represented factors which need to be addressed are recovery mechanism, backup mechanism, mobility, congestion window and maximum packet size. Based on existing variants, new were introduced. The most two debated variants are Vegas and Westwood which motivated many researches. However, the number of studies proved that Vegas could perform more efficiency than other variants during the congested network whereas Westwood could consume less bandwidth. Hence, in our previous publications, we already proved by integrating some features of Vegas and Westwood to get better and more stable variant even in high congested network. It is called TCP University of Bridgeport (TCP-UB).Based on a previous simulation, TCP-UB proved a high efficiency, less bandwidth consumption and stability from static and mobility point of view. Therefore, in this paper we are using NS2 simulator to perform TCP-UB over wireless mesh network supported with manhattan mobility model. It provides robust and faster transmission service among several police stations in Connecticut, USA.Furthermore, we are comparing TCP-UB with Vegas and Westwood from a static and mobility point of view based on bandwidth consumption and congestion window scenario. On the basis of findings, we validate that TCP-UB is also better performer even over wireless mesh network.
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B., Jaydevsinh, and Hiren V. "A Review: TCP Variants with MANET." International Journal of Computer Applications 157, no. 2 (January 17, 2017): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2017912638.

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7

Callegari, C., S. Giordano, M. Pagano, and T. Pepe. "Behavior analysis of TCP Linux variants." Computer Networks 56, no. 1 (January 2012): 462–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2011.10.002.

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SAYSELL, Colin G., Winston S. TAMBYRAJAH, Jeremy M. MURRAY, Carrie M. WILMOT, Simon E. V. PHILLIPS, Michael J. McPHERSON, and Peter F. KNOWLES. "Probing the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli amine oxidase using mutational variants and a reversible inhibitor as a substrate analogue." Biochemical Journal 365, no. 3 (August 1, 2002): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20011435.

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Copper amine oxidases are homodimeric enzymes containing one Cu2+ ion and one 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (TPQ) per monomer. Previous studies with the copper amine oxidase from Escherichia coli (ECAO) have elucidated the structure of the active site and established the importance in catalysis of an active-site base, Asp-383. To explore the early interactions of substrate with enzyme, we have used tranylcypromine (TCP), a fully reversible competitive inhibitor, with wild-type ECAO and with the active-site base variants D383E and D383N. The formation of an adduct, analogous to the substrate Schiff base, between TCP and the TPQ cofactor in the active site of wild-type ECAO and in the D383E and D383N variants has been investigated over the pH range 5.5–9.4. For the wild-type enzyme, the plot of the binding constant for adduct formation (Kb) against pH is bell-shaped, indicating two pKas of 5.8 and ∼8, consistent with the preferred reaction partners being the unprotonated active-site base and the protonated TCP. For the D383N variant, the reaction pathway involving unprotonated base and protonated TCP cannot occur, and binding must follow a less favoured pathway with unprotonated TCP as reactant. Surprisingly, for the D383E variant, the Kb versus pH behaviour is qualitatively similar to that of D383N, supporting a reaction pathway involving unprotonated TCP. The TCP binding data are consistent with substrate binding data for the wild type and the D383E variant using steady-state kinetics. The results provide strong support for a protonated amine being the preferred substrate for the wild-type enzyme, and emphasize the importance of the active-site base, Asp-383, in the primary binding event.
9

Omer, Khaled Ahmed Abood. "Impact of Jellyfish attack on routing protocols in TCP-based MANETs." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 27, no. 1 (April 22, 2023): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2023.n1.a09.

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Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are self-organized infrastructure-less network of mobile wireless devices that could be deployed for communication. Due to the insecure wireless communication medium, multi-hop routing communication process, and dynamic behavior of the nodes in MANETs, routing protocols are vulnerable to various security attacks, such as Jellyfish attacks. A Jellyfish node targets TCP-based MANET and exploits its working mechanism to degrade the communication performance. This attack is hard to detect since it is a TCP protocol compliant methodology.In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the Ad hoc on-demand vector (AODV), Dynamic source routing (DSR), Temporally ordered routing algorithm (TORA), Geographic routing protocol (GRP), and optimized link state routing (OLSR) routing protocols under the Jellyfish delay variance attacks for TCP-based MANETs. Further, the TAHOE, RENO, and SACK variants of TCP protocol are considered for comparison. These routing protocols are simulated using the OPNET simulator to compare their performance, using specific performance metrics on the network. The experimental results show that the AODV protocol performs better than the DSR, TORA, OLSR, and GRP protocols under the jellyfish delay variance attack. Further, the SACK TCP variant performs better than the other TCP variants under the Jellyfish delay variance attack.
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M., Saleh, Osama Younes, Hamdy M., and Hatem Abdul-kader. "Enhancing Performance of TCP Variants in LTE." International Journal of Computer Applications 152, no. 1 (October 17, 2016): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016911762.

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Статті в журналах Дисертації

Дисертації з теми "TCP variants":

1

Modi, Nikunj. "Performance Evaluation of TCP Variants over UMTS Networks." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-98273.

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With the evolution of 3G technologies like Universal Mobile TelecommunicationSystem (UMTS), the usage of TCP has become more popular for a reliable end-to-end (e2e) data delivery. However, TCP was initially designed for wired networks and therefore it suffers performance degradation due to the radio signal getting affected by fading, shadowing and interference. There are many strategies proposed by the research community on how to improve the performance of TCP over wireless links such as introducing link-layer retransmission, explicitly notifying the sender of network conditions or using new variants of TCP.

As UMTS network coverage and availability are currently experiencing rapidgrowth, optimization of various internal components of its wireless network is very important. One of the optimization is the introduction of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). This architecture not only allows higher data rates but also more reliable data transfer by the introduction of Hybrid ARQ (HARQ). With this enhancement to the UMTS network, it becomes vital to see the performance of TCP in such a network. Therefore in this thesis, we try to evaluate two aspects of UMTS networks: first, the impact of HSDPA parameters like scheduling algorithm and RLC/MAC-hs buffer size on overall performance of TCP and second, to study the behavior of two categories of TCP rate and flow control: loss based and delay based. Our simulation shows that delay based TCP tends to perform better than loss based TCP in our selected scenarios. The simulations are performed using the network simulator NS-2 with an e2e network model for enhanced UMTS (EURANE).

2

Aillaud, Chrystelle. "Modifications post-traductionnelles de la tubuline : identification des tubulines carboxypeptidases et découverte de nouveaux variants." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV049.

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3

Tlaiss, Ziad. "Automated network packet traces analysis methods for fault recognition and TCP flavor identification." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IMTA0384.

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Ces dernières années, le domaine du dépannage réseau a suscité un intérêt particulier de la part des chercheurs en raison de la complexité et de l’importance de cette tâche. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse se concentre sur l’automatisation du dépannage réseau à l’aide de mesures de performance extraites des captures de paquets. La première contribution de cette thèse réside dans l’extraction de caractéristiques permettant d’identifier la cause fondamentale d’une anomalie en analysant des traces de paquets TCP montrant des connexions médiocres. Nous avons classé quatre causes de dégradation fréquemment observées : les problèmes de transmission, les problèmes de congestion, les problèmes de gigue et les limitations d’application. La deuxième contribution de cette thèse réside dans le développement d’une méthode automatisée pour détecter l’instant de sortie de l’état Slow-Start. L’importance de cette méthode réside dans le gain de temps précieux dans l’analyse des problèmes réseau, étant donné que l’état Slow-Start est un indicateur clé pour le diagnostic des défauts. La troisième contribution de cette thèse consiste en l’identification de l’algorithme de contrôle de congestion BBR. L’objectif principal est de détecter si un contrôle de l’envoi des paquets (’pacing’) est utilisé dans une connexion TCP. Cette méthode repose sur la modélisation de la distribution de la durée de l’inter-paquet pendant l’état Slow-Start. L’objectif est de reconnaître les distributions monomodales de l’inter-paquet dans le cas de BBR par rapport aux distributions à deux composantes mélangées dans le cas de CUBIC
In recent years, the field of network troubleshooting has garnered significant attention from researchers due to the complexity and importance of this task. The work presented in this thesis focuses on automating network troubleshooting using performance metrics extracted from packet captures. The first contribution of this thesis lies in extracting features to identify the root cause of an anomaly by analyzing TCP packet traces with bad performance. We have categorized four frequently observed causes of degradation: transmission problems, congestion problems, jitter problems, and application-limited problems. The second contribution of this thesis involves developing an automated method to detect the moment of exiting the Slow-Start state. The significance of this method lies in saving valuable time in the analysis of network degradation, as the Slow-Start state serves as a key indicator for fault diagnosis. The third contribution of this thesis revolves around identifying the BBR congestion control algorithm. The primary goal of our approach is to detect whether packet pacing is employed in a TCP connection. This method relies on modeling the distribution of inter-packet duration during the Slow-Start state. The objective is to distinguish unimodal distributions of inter-packet intervals in the case of BBR compared to mixed two component distributions in the case of CUBIC
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Doria, Priscila Lôbo Gonçalves. "Avaliação de desempenho de variantes dos Protocolos DCCP e TCP em cenários representativos." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3332.

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The Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is a prominent transport protocol that has attracted the attention of the scientific community for its rapid progress and good results. The main novelty of DCCP is the performance priority design, as in UDP, however with congestion control capabilities, as in TCP. Literature about DCCP is still scarce and needs to be complemented to gather enouth scientific elements to support new research properly. In this context, this work joins the efforts of the scientific community to analise, mensure, compare and characterize DCCP in relevant scenarios that cover many real world situations. Three open questions were preliminarly identified in the literature: How DCCP behaves (i) when fighting for the same link bandwidth with other transport protocols; (ii) with highly relevant ones (e.g., Compound TCP, CUBIC) and (iii) fighting for the same link bandwidth with Compound TCP and CUBIC, adopting multimedia applications (e.g., VoIP). In this work, computational simulations are used to compare the performance of two DCCP variants (DCCP CCID2 and DCCP CCID3) with three highly representative TCP variants (Compound TCP, CUBIC and TCP SACK), in real world scenarios, including concurrent use of the same link by protocols, link errors and assorted bandwidths, latencies and traffic patterns. The simulation results show that, under contention, in most scenarios DCCP CCID2 has achieved higher throughput than Compound TCP or TCP SACK. Throughout the simulations there was a tendency of DCCP CCID3 to have lower throughput than the other chosen protocol. However, the results also showed that DCCP CCID3 has achieved significanly better throughput in the presence of link errors and higher values of latency and bandwidth, eventualy outperforming Compound TCP and TCP SACK. Finally, there was a tendency of predominance of CUBIC´ throughtput, which can be explained by its aggressive algorithm (i.e., non-linear) of return of the transmission window to the previous value before the discard event. However, CUBIC has presented the highest packet drop and the lowest delivery rate.
O Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) é um proeminente protocolo de transporte que vem atraindo a atenção da comunidade científica pelos seus rápidos avanços e bons resultados. A principal inovação do DCCP é a priorização de desempenho, como ocorre com o UDP, mas com capacidade de realizar controle de congestionamento, como ocorre com o TCP. Entretanto, a literatura sobre o DCCP ainda é escassa e necessita ser complementada para trazer elementos científicos suficientes para novas pesquisas. Neste contexto, este trabalho vem se somar aos esforços da comunidade científica para analisar, mensurar, comparar e caracterizar o DCCP em cenários representativos que incorporem diversas situações de uso. Identificaram-se então três questões alvo, ainda em aberto na literatura: qual é o comportamento do DCCP (i) quando disputa o mesmo enlace com outros protocolos de transporte; (ii) com protocolos de transporte relevantes (e.g., Compound TCP, CUBIC) e (iii) em disputa no mesmo enlace com o Compound TCP e o CUBIC, utilizando aplicações multimídia (e.g., VoIP). Neste trabalho, simulações computacionais são utilizadas para comparar duas variantes do DCCP (CCID2 e CCID3) a três variantes do TCP (Compound TCP, CUBIC e TCP SACK), em cenários onde ocorrem situações de mundo real, incluindo utilização concorrente do enlace pelos protocolos, presença de erros de transmissão no enlace, variação de largura de banda, variação de latência, e variação de padrão e distribuição de tráfego. Os resultados das simulações apontam que, sob contenção, na maioria dos cenários o DCCP CCID2 obteve vazão superior à do Compound TCP, do DCCP CCID3 e do TCP SACK. Ao longo das simulações observou-se uma tendência do DCCP CCID3 a ter vazão inferior à dos demais protocolos escolhidos. Entretanto, os resultados apontaram que o DCCP CCID3 obteve desempenho significativamente melhor na presença de erros de transmissão e com valores maiores de latência e de largura de banda, chegando a ultrapassar a vazão do DCCP CCID2 e do TCP SACK. Por fim, observou-se uma tendência de predominância do protocolo CUBIC no tocante à vazão, que pode ser determinada pelo seu algoritmo agressivo (i.e., não-linear) de retorno da janela de transmissão ao valor anterior aos eventos de descarte. Entretanto, o CUBIC apresentou o maior descarte de pacotes e a menor taxa de entrega.
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CARVALHO, Carlos Giovanni Nunes. "Análise de desempenho de tráfego de dados assíncronos sobre bluetooth." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2003. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2524.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:58:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo4796_1.pdf: 885863 bytes, checksum: 72c0efdf8b935cda71a6cbb65e325c61 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003
Aplicações de dados, que funcionam sobre o Bluetooth, tais como HTTP, FTP e real audio, irão necessitar de protocolos da camada de transporte da arquitetura TCP/IP (TCP e UDP) para enviar pacotes sobre os links wireless. Para aumentar o desempenho destas aplicações é preciso otimizar os recursos existentes, que na maioria dos dispositivos para este tipo de tecnologia são escassos. Alguns fatores influenciam o desempenho do tráfego de dados sobre estes dispositivos, normalmente, de tamanho reduzido e pouca autonomia de uso. Com isso, há uma crescente tentativa de torná-los mais eficientes, através do melhor aproveitamento de seus recursos. Este trabalho contempla a análise e o aumento de performance do tráfego de dados usando o serviço assíncrono Bluetooth. Mostramos, através dos resultados, que o melhor algoritmo de Segmentação e Remontagem (SAR) é o de Melhor Ajuste (BF), que na média, apresenta maior vazão, menor atraso e variação de atraso nas transmissões e menor porcentagem de perda de pacotes. Quanto as variantes do TCP, o Vegas apresentou-se a melhor escolha, com uma vazão média maior, uma menor porcentagem de perda de pacotes, menor atraso e variação de atraso, mas devido não haver implementações dessa variante, a solução mais conveniente é a utilização do New Reno, uma vez que utilizado com o algoritmo SAR-BF obteve melhor desempenho que os demais
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Guillaumont, Marc. "Variantes d’oxydes de métaux de transition : relations entre structure, transport et performances bolométriques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI022.

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La détection infrarouge, autrefois réservée aux applications militaires et spatiales, connait depuis une dizaine d’années une mutation importante et s’ouvre de plus en plus vers des marchés "grand public". Cette démocratisation est principalement liée aux développements rapides que connaissent les technologies utilisant des bolomètres "non refroidis", qui profitent de leurs compatibilités avec les filières de la microélectronique.La technologie utilisée au CEA/LETI repose sur l’utilisation d’un matériau thermomètre à base de silicium amorphe (également noté "a-Si"). Ce dernier comporte de nombreux avantages dont, principalement, son excellente compatibilité avec les outils "classiques" de la microélectronique. Cependant, l’intégration d’un matériau thermomètre plus performant que le a-Si est nécessaire pour répondre aux défis à venir.Conscient de l’importance de cette problématique "matériau" le laboratoire CEA/LETI développe depuis plusieurs années des matériaux à base d’oxydes de métaux de transition déposés en couches minces.Cette étude s’appuie sur l’ensemble des variantes d’oxydes de métaux de transition étudié dans ce cadre. Cette palette de matériaux, qui se sont révélés très différents dans leur structure et, corrélativement, les mesures de transport dans chacun de ces types, nous ont permis de relier structure et mécanismes de conduction spécifiques à chacun. Une attention particulière a été portée aux mesures de TCR, ou « Temperature Coefficient of Resistance », (facteur à maximiser) et de bruit en 1/f (source de bruit à minimiser), les deux paramètres de choix pour le matériau thermistor.Des grandes tendances qui pilotent la performance d’un matériau thermistor pour la bolométrie ont pu être déduites de ces investigations. Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse permettent d’évaluer le potentiel de tel ou tel compétiteur avant d’en entreprendre le développement
InfraRed detection, formerly reserved to defense and spatial applications, is currently undergoing deep changes which open new opportunities. Uncooled microbolometer technologies, compatible with classical semiconductors processes, are now able to produce low cost thermal imagers and this will open the door to customer markets in a close future.The technology developed in the CEA/LETI laboratory use the amorphous silicon (noted "a-Si") as the thermistor material. This material has many advantages, in particular, its excellent compatibility with the classical tools used in microelectronic industry. However, better performance in the thermistor material is still needed to address future applications.To handle this challenge, CEA/LETI laboratory is currently developing thermistors made of transition metal oxides thin films. The study presented hereby is based on various transition metal oxides samples deposited in the CEA/LETI Laboratory.Characterization of the structure and the electronic transport for each of these samples allowed us to put in evidence correlations between microscopic structure and conduction mechanisms. Two main figures of merit impacting the overall material performance were investigated : the TCR, Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (which must be maximized) and the 1/f noise (which must be minimized).Finally we conclude this work by highlighting majors outlines governing the performance of a thermistor
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Ariba, Yassine. "Sur la stabilité des systèmes à retards variant dans le temps : théorie et application au contrôle de congestion d'un routeur." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442454.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans une thématique pluridisciplinaire explorant les liens existants entre la théorie de la commande et les réseaux informatiques. L'idée consiste à appliquer les outils de l'Automatique pour la stabilisation du trafic dans les réseaux de communication. Premièrement, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'analyse de stabilité des systèmes à retards variables au travers de deux approches temporelles. D'une part, nous avons considéré la méthode de Lyapunov-Krasovskii dans laquelle nous avons élaboré des fonctionnelles en adéquation avec de nouvelles modélisations du système (segmentation du retard, dérivée temporelle). D'autre part, la stabilité a également été abordée avec une approche entrée-sortie, empruntant alors les outils de l'analyse robuste. Le système à retard est alors réécrit comme l'interconnexion d'une application linéaire avec une matrice constituée d'opérateurs définissant le système original. Après avoir revisité le principe de séparation quadratique, nous développons des opérateurs auxiliaires afin de caractériser au mieux la dynamique retardée et proposer des critères moins pessimistes. Deuxièmement, la méthodologie développée est ensuite utilisée pour le problème de contrôle de congestion d'un routeur lors de communications TCP. Ce protocole de bout en bout est sensible à la perte de paquet et modifie en conséquence son taux d'émission selon l'algorithme du AIMD. Il s'agit alors de commander le taux de perte par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme d'Active Queue Management situé au niveau du routeur afin de réguler le trafic. Les résultats théoriques sont ensuite évalués à l'aide du simulateur de réseaux NS-2.
8

Silva, Lidia Maria Rebolho Batista. "Variantes genéticas envolvidas no metabolismo do folato: impacto na carcinogênese de cabeça e pescoço." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2010. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/191.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lidiamariarbatistadasilva_dissert.pdf: 704096 bytes, checksum: f7be6357fe128cc459a3a697cab13d68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-07
Introduction: Head and neck cancer is a collective term defined by anatomical and topographical basis to describe malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract. This anatomical region includes the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, having as the main risk factors smoking and alcoholism. The most representative hystologic type from head and neck cancer was squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), with more than 500,000 new cases worldwide every year. Folate deficiency is associated with increased risk of several types of cancer and alterations in folate metabolism may contribute to the process of carcinogenesis by influencing DNA methylation and genomic stability. Polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes involved in this pathway may alter enzyme activity and consequently interfere in concentrations of homocysteine and Sadenosylmethionine that are important for DNA synthesis and cellular methylation reactions. Objectives: Investigate MTHFD1 G1958A, BHMT G742A, TC2 C776G and TC2 A67G polymorphisms involved in folate metabolism on head and neck cancer risk, and the association between these polymorphisms with primary site, tumor extension, lymph node involvement and prognosis of the disease. Patients and Methods: Were included in the study 694 individuals (240 patients with head and neck cancer and 454 controls). Molecular analysis was made by genomic DNA from peripheral blood and genetic alterations were investigated by Polymerase Chain Reaction-restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Real Time-PCR. Socio-demographic data were obtained from patient´s medical records and interview of the controls. Results: Multiple logistic regression showed that tobacco, alcohol and age over 42 years were predictors for the disease (P<0.05). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium showed that the genotypic distributions were in equilibrium for both groups in all polymorphisms studied. The MTHFD1 1958GA or AA genotypes associated with tobacco (P=0.04) and alcohol (P=0.03) consumption increase the risk for head and neck cancer (HNSCC). These same genotypes were found in higher proportion in patients with advanced stage tumors (P=0.04) and in patients with lower survival (P=0.01). TC2 C776G polymorphism (P=0.03) were less frequent in patients with age over 52 years and TC2 A67G polymorphism (P=0.04) were less frequent in patients with 52-63 years. TC2 C776G polymorphism was not associated to HNC, however was present in higher proportion in patients with pharynx as primary site of tumor (P=0.02). Conclusions: Are predictors for head and neck cancer, regardless of the gene, tobacco and alcohol consumption and age over 42 years. The presence of MTHFD1 G1958A polymorphism associated to tobacco and alcohol consumption may modulate the risk for disease development.
Introdução: Câncer de cabeça e pescoço é um termo coletivo definido por bases anatômicas e topográficas para descrever tumores malignos do trato aerodigestivo superior. Esta região anatômica inclui a cavidade oral, faringe e laringe, tendo como principais fatores de risco o tabagismo e o etilismo. O tipo histológico mais representativo de todos os cânceres de cabeça e pescoço é o carcinoma espinocelular (HNSCC), com mais de 500 mil casos novos no mundo todos os anos. Deficiência de folato no organismo está associada ao aumento do risco de vários tipos de câncer e alterações neste metabolismo podem contribuir para o processo de carcinogênese por influenciar as reações de metilação do DNA e a estabilidade genômica. Polimorfismos em genes que codificam enzimas envolvidas no metabolismo do folato podem alterar a atividade enzimática e interferir nas concentrações de homocisteína, Sadenosilmetionina e outros produtos do metabolismo, importantes para a síntese de DNA e reações de metilação celular. Objetivos: Avaliar a influência dos polimorfismos MTHFD1 G1958A, BHMT G742A, TC2 C776G e TC2 A67G em pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço e em indivíduos controle sem história da neoplasia, além de verificar a associação entre os polimorfismos e os sítios primários de ocorrência, extensão do tumor, comprometimento de linfonodos, e o prognóstico da doença. Pacientes e Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo 694 indivíduos (240 pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço e 454 controles). Foi feita análise molecular através de extração de DNA genômico de sangue periférico e as alterações genéticas foram investigadas por meio das técnicas de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) em tempo real e Análise de Polimorfismo de Comprimento de Fragmento de Restrição (PCR-RFLP). Os dados sócio-demográficos foram obtidos através do prontuário dos pacientes e entrevista dos indivíduos controles. Resultados: Regressão logística múltipla mostrou que tabagismo, etilismo e idade superior a 42 anos foram preditores da doença (P<0,05). As distribuições genotípicas estiveram em equilíbrio de Hardy- Weinberg em ambos os grupos em todos os polimorfismos estudados. Os genótipos MTHFD1 1958GA ou AA associados ao tabagismo (P=0,04) e etilismo (P=0,03) aumentaram o risco de carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço. Estes mesmos genótipos estiveram presentes em maior proporção em pacientes com tumores em estadios mais avançados T3 e T4 (P=0,04) e em pacientes com menor sobrevida (P=0,01). O polimorfismo TC2 C776G (P=0.03) esteve presente em menor frequência em pacientes com idade superior a 52 anos e o polimorfismo TC2 C776G (P=0.03) em pacientes com idade entre 52-63 anos. O polimorfismo TC2 C776G não foi relacionado ao risco da doença, porém esteve presente em alta proporção em pacientes que tiveram a faringe como sítio primário de ocorrência do tumor. Conclusões: São preditores para o câncer de cabeça e pescoço, independentemente da variável genética o uso de tabaco, álcool e idade superior a 42 anos. A presença do polimorfismo MTHFD1 G1958A associado aos hábitos tabagista e etilista podem modular o risco para o desenvolvimento da doença.
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Küper, Leonie [Verfasser], and Hans [Akademischer Betreuer] Christiansen. "Varianten des TCTP-Gens bei weißrussischen Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom / Leonie Maria Küper ; Akademischer Betreuer: Hans Christiansen ; Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Spezielle Onkologie." Hannover : Bibliothek der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:354-20170616102.

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Küper, Leonie Maria [Verfasser], and Hans [Akademischer Betreuer] Christiansen. "Varianten des TCTP-Gens bei weißrussischen Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom / Leonie Maria Küper ; Akademischer Betreuer: Hans Christiansen ; Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Spezielle Onkologie." Hannover : Bibliothek der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1143610148/34.

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Книги з теми "TCP variants":

1

Graff-Radford, Jonathan, and Keith A. Josephs. Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0018.

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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an uncommon but important form of degenerative disease characterized by clinical syndromes that result from degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes. FTD is divided based on clinical presentation into behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), semantic dementia, and progressive nonfluent/agrammatic aphasia. Several recent studies have advanced our knowledge of the genetics of FTD, with the three most common FTD genes being microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and progranulin (GRN), and a noncoding repeat expansion in C9ORF72. Tau and TDP-43 are the most common pathologies associated with FTD. No pharmacological therapies are currently approved for use in FTD.
2

Shapiro, Arthur G., and William Kistler. Color Wagon-Wheel Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0075.

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The wagon-wheel illusion is a well-known cinematic effect in which a wheel rotates in one direction but is perceived as rotating in the opposite direction. This effect is created by the limitations of the frame rate at which the motion is sampled. This chapter examines variants of the color wagon-wheel illusion, an effect that arises when one or more elements of the rotating wagon wheel is colored or otherwise distinguished from other elements. In the color wagon-wheel illusion, the wheel is overall perceived as moving counterclockwise, but the colored elements are perceived as moving clockwise. The chapter explores equiluminant versions of the color wagon-wheel effect to show that separable motion directions can be used to tap into different types of motion perception systems.
3

Aslanidis, Paris. Populism and Social Movements. Edited by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.23.

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Populism is usually treated as an exclusively top-down affair where political party leaders mobilize diverse constituencies to reap electoral benefits. This perspective discounts a rich universe of bottom-up populist mobilization that remains exogenous to strict electoral contestation, thus unreasonably constraining the empirical study of the phenomenon. This chapter draws from social movement studies and social psychology to examine populist social movements under a comprehensive theoretical framework, aiming to bring together theorists of populism with scholars of social mobilization and encourage their mutually beneficial interaction. It argues that populism—as a compelling political dialect—has traditionally informed and continues to inform significant waves of grassroots contention around the world, triggering seemingly extraordinary developments at the party system level while also potentially determining processes of democratization. The chapter concludes by predicting an increasing relevance for grassroots populism, urging scholars to widen their scope of study by embracing it alongside its top-down variant.
4

Meyrier, Alain, and Patrick Niaudet. Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0057_update_001.

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Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) causes nephrotic syndrome and by definition is not caused by any of the known causes of podocyte toxicity or focal segmental sclerosis such as viral infections or toxins. A number of genetic causes of FSGS are commonly diagnosed in early childhood. Other causes of segmental scarring need to be distinguished. Genotypes in APOL1 of African origin are associated with higher incidence of FSGS and poorer responses to treatment. Cellular and collapsing FSGS are variants of FSGS in which there is overt acute podocytopathy and they have a relatively poor prognosis. A glomerular tip lesion is thought to have a slightly better prognosis than other types. Some cases of primary FSGS respond to high-dose corticosteroids, sometimes only after prolonged therapy. Response to steroids is a good prognostic sign, and without a response, progressive loss of renal function is likely. A circulating factor is implicated by the observation that proteinuria can recur in a donor kidney within hours of transplant. Plasma exchange appears to remove this factor but it is not conclusively identified.
5

Lewis, Paul H. Latin Fascist Elites. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400677014.

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Many dictatorships are short-lived, but a few manage to stay in power for decades. Lewis takes three Latin fascist tyrants—Mussolini, Franco, and Salazar—and shows how they perpetuated their rule through the careful recruitment and circulation of top-echelon subordinates to carry out their orders. Long-established dictatorships have to respond to political and social pressures surrounding them, just as democracies do, but it is harder to study them because they are closed systems. One possible way of viewing their internal processes is by observing who they recruit into top leadership positions. Every dictator, however powerful, must delegate some authortiy to an elite stratum just below him. By watching which kinds of men are recruited, how long they are kept in power, and whether different skills are sought at different times, it may be possible to chart the evolution of a 20- or 30-year regime. The Mussolini, Franco, and Salazar regimes all fit the criteria of being long-established. Mussolini ruled for almost 21 years, Franco for over 37, and Salazar for 36. Moreover, all three shared a family resemblance as being fascist. Comparing them affords the additional advantage of adding to our understanding of the Latin variant of fascism, as contrasted to the Central and Eastern European. A provocative work for scholars, students, and other researchers involved with European Politics, Modern European History, and fascist regimes.

Частини книг з теми "TCP variants":

1

Callegari, Christian, Stefano Giordano, Michele Pagano, and Teresa Pepe. "A Friendliness Study of TCP Linux Variants." In Computer Networks, 14–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31217-5_2.

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Arizaga-Gamboa, Jenny Elizabeth, and Eduardo Antonio Alvarado-Unamuno. "Performance Analysis of Multipath TCP Congestion Control Variants." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 139–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19961-5_10.

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Pande, Amol P., and S. R. Devane. "Extensive Simulation Analysis of TCP Variants for Wireless Communication." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 529–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5826-5_41.

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Seok, Woojin, Yoonjoo Kwon, Okhwan Byeon, and Sang-Ha Kim. "Performance Evaluation of TCP Variants to Downward Vertical Handoff." In Information Networking. Advances in Data Communications and Wireless Networks, 31–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11919568_4.

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Bisoy, Sukant Kishoro, and Prasant Kumar Patnaik. "Interaction between Internet Based TCP Variants and Routing Protocols in MANET." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Frontiers of Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications (FICTA) 2013, 423–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02931-3_48.

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Molia, Hardik K. "A Proactive Dynamic Rate Control Scheme for AIMD-Based Reactive TCP Variants." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 169–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0129-1_18.

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Vatsala, B. R., and C. Vidya Raj. "Performance Evaluation of TCP Variants for IoT Built on Visible Light Communication." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 641–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3690-5_58.

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Das, Namita, Sukant Kishoro Bisoy, and Sanjukta Tanty. "Performance Analysis of TCP Variants Using Routing Protocols of MANET in Grid Topology." In Cognitive Informatics and Soft Computing, 239–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0617-4_23.

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Shao, Ziyu, Ting Tong, Jia Jia Liao, Zhengbin Li, Ziyu Wang, and Anshi Xu. "Performance Analysis of TCP Variants over Time-Space-Labeled Optical Burst Switched Networks." In Networking - ICN 2005, 149–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31957-3_19.

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Kazmi, Madiha, Muhammad Younas Javed, and Muhammad Khalil Afzal. "An Overview of Performance Comparison of Different TCP Variants in IP and MPLS Networks." In Networked Digital Technologies, 120–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22185-9_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "TCP variants":

1

Kassem, Ghulam, Imran Ahmad, Fozia Hameed, and Asif Zakariyya. "TCP Variants: An Overview." In 2010 Second International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Modelling and Simulation (CIMSiM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cimsim.2010.97.

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2

Oluwatope, Ayodeji, Biodun Obabire, G. Adesola Aderounmu, and Matthew Adigun. "End-to-End Performance Evaluation of Selected TCP Variants across a Hybrid Wireless Network." In InSITE 2006: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3022.

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Reliable transport protocols such as TCP are tuned to perform well in traditional networks where packet losses occur mostly because of congestion. TCP is intended for use as a highly reliable end-to-end transport protocol for transporting applications such as World-Wide Web (WWW) between hosts in packet-switched computer communication networks. TCP was originally designed for wired links where the error rate is really low and actually assumed that packet losses are due to congestion in the network. However, the increasing popularity of wireless networks indicates that wireless links will play more important role in future internetworks but TCP performance in such networks suffers from significant throughput degradation and very high interactive delays. TCP responds to all losses by invoking congestion control and avoidance algorithms, resulting in degraded end-to-end performance in wireless and lossy systems. Thus, in a bid to show and determine the possibility of adapting TCP protocol for optimal performance on the wireless link, this paper reviews and models the behaviors of TCP variants with a view to evaluate the end-to-end performance analysis of TCP versions: TCP Reno, TCP SACK and TCP Westwood (TCPW), which are designed to improve the performance of TCP in lossy networks. A wireless network model was developed using NS-2 network simulator which and the model was simulated. The results were analyzed in MATLAB 6.5 using throughput as a metric for comparison. The overall results indicate that TCP Westwood (TCPW) demonstrates better performance indices over other versions in a hybrid wireless network environment.
3

Molia, Hardik K., and Rashmi Agrawal. "A conceptual exploration of TCP variants." In 2014 2nd International Conference on Emerging Technology Trends in Electronics, Communication and Networking (ET2ECN). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/et2ecn.2014.7044985.

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4

Chicco, Jacopo, Denis Collange, and Alberto Blanc. "Simulation study of new TCP variants." In 2010 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2010.5546751.

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5

Pande, Amol P., and S. R. Devane. "Study and Analysis of Different TCP Variants." In 2018 Fourth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccubea.2018.8697750.

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Nor, Shahrudin Awang, and Ade Novia Maulana. "Performance of TCP variants over LTE network." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016 (ICAST’16). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4960861.

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Robert, Remi, Eneko Atxutegi, Ake Arvidsson, Fidel Liberal, Anna Brunstrom, and Karl-Johan Grinnemo. "Behaviour of Common TCP Variants over LTE." In GLOBECOM 2016 - 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2016.7841626.

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Qureshi, B., M. Othman, and N. A. W. Hamid. "Progress in various TCP variants (February 2009)." In 2009 2nd International Conference on Computer, Control and Communication (IC$). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic4.2009.4909200.

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Fei, Junkai, Xiaojun Zhu, and Ruyan Zhang. "Evaluation of TCP Variants on Dynamic UAV Networks." In 2023 26th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd57460.2023.10152635.

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Mansour, Y., H. Alfalasi, S. Abbas, and M. A. Talib. "TCP variants for internet of things: a survey." In 4th International Conference on Distributed Sensing and Intelligent Systems (ICDSIS 2023). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2024.0547.

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Звіти організацій з теми "TCP variants":

1

Floyd, S., and E. Kohler. TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC): The Small-Packet (SP) Variant. RFC Editor, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4828.

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Levine, J., and P. Hoffman. Variants in Second-Level Names Registered in Top-Level Domains. RFC Editor, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6927.

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3

Bellovin, S., and A. Zinin. Standards Maturity Variance Regarding the TCP MD5 Signature Option (RFC 2385) and the BGP-4 Specification. RFC Editor, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4278.

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4

Chatagny, Laurent. PR-471-16206-R02 Suction Piping Effect on Pump Performance CFD. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011562.

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CFD simulations of pump suction piping coupled to a double suction volute pump were performed with oil at a viscosity of ~90 cSt. Two variants of the suction piping were modeled in order to investigate their effect on the pump performance. Measurement data obtained during PRCI project CPR-15A were used to validate the CFD setup. The CFD results were mostly in line with the measurements, in particular performance and pressure tap values in the suction piping. The pump rotor forces predicted by CFD however showed significant differences to the measured values. The CFD setup presented in this report provides a basis framework for further CFD investigations. This work will benefit the liquids pipeline station designers and operators and also CFD analysts by providing CFD comparisons to benchmark measurements.
5

Hauzenberger, Niko, Florian Huber, Gary Koop, and James Mitchell. Bayesian modeling of time-varying parameters using regression trees. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202305.

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In light of widespread evidence of parameter instability in macroeconomic models, many time-varying parameter (TVP) models have been proposed. This paper proposes a nonparametric TVP-VAR model using Bayesian additive regression trees (BART). The novelty of this model stems from the fact that the law of motion driving the parameters is treated nonparametrically. This leads to great flexibility in the nature and extent of parameter change, both in the conditional mean and in the conditional variance. In contrast to other nonparametric and machine learning methods that are black box, inference using our model is straightforward because, in treating the parameters rather than the variables nonparametrically, the model remains conditionally linear in the mean. Parsimony is achieved through adopting nonparametric factor structures and use of shrinkage priors. In an application to US macroeconomic data, we illustrate the use of our model in tracking both the evolving nature of the Phillips curve and how the effects of business cycle shocks on inflationary measures vary nonlinearly with movements in uncertainty.
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Zarrieß, Benjamin, and Jens Claßen. On the Decidability of Verifying LTL Properties of Golog Programs. Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.200.

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Golog is a high-level action programming language for controlling autonomous agents such as mobile robots. It is defined on top of a logic-based action theory expressed in the Situation Calculus. Before a program is deployed onto an actual robot and executed in the physical world, it is desirable, if not crucial, to verify that it meets certain requirements (typically expressed through temporal formulas) and thus indeed exhibits the desired behaviour. However, due to the high (first-order) expressiveness of the language, the corresponding verification problem is in general undecidable. In this paper, we extend earlier results to identify a large, non-trivial fragment of the formalism where verification is decidable. In particular, we consider properties expressed in a first-order variant of the branching-time temporal logic CTL*. Decidability is obtained by (1) resorting to the decidable first-order fragment C² as underlying base logic, (2) using a fragment of Golog with ground actions only, and (3) requiring the action theory to only admit local effects.
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Corriveau, Elizabeth, Travis Thornell, Mine Ucak-Astarlioglu, Dane Wedgeworth, Hayden Hanna, Robert Jones, Alison Thurston, and Robyn Barbato. Characterization of pigmented microbial isolates for use in material applications. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46633.

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Organisms (i.e., plants and microorganisms) contain pigments that allow them to adapt and thrive under stressful conditions, such as elevated ultraviolet radiation. The pigments elicit characteristic spectral responses when measured by active and passive sensors. This research study focused on characterizing the spectral response of three organisms and how they compared to background spectral signatures of a complex environment. Specifically, spectra were collected from a fungus, a plant, and two pigmented bacteria, one of which is an extremophile bacterium. The samples were measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dis-criminated using chemometric means. A top-down examination of the spectral data revealed that organisms could be discriminated from one an-other through principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, there was a strong distinction between the plant and the pigmented microorganisms. Spectral differences resulting in samples with the highest variance from the natural background were identified using PCA loading plots. The outcome of this work is a spectral library of pigmented biological candidates for coatings applications.
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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Albrecht G. Von Arnim. eIF3 Complexes and the eIF3e Subunit in Arabidopsis Development and Translation Initiation. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696545.bard.

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The original working hypothesis of our proposal was that The “e” subunit of eIF3 has multiple functions from both within the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Within this model, we further hypothesized that the “e” subunit of eIF3 functions in translation as a repressor. We proposed to test these hypotheses along the following specific aims: 1) Determine the subcellular localization of the interaction between eIF3e and other eIF3 subunits, or the COP9 signalosome. 2) Elucidate the biological significance of the varied subcellular localizations of eIF3e through generating Arabidopsis eIF3e alleles with altered subcellular localization. 3.) Purify different eIF3e complexes by tandem affinity purification (TAP). 4) Study the role of eIF3e in translational repression using both in vitro and in planta assays. eIF3 is an evolutionarily ancient and essential component of the translational apparatus in both the plant and animal kingdoms. eIF3 is the largest, and in some ways the most mysterious, of the translation factors. It is a multi-subunit protein complex that has a structural/scaffolding role in translation initiation. However, despite years of study, only recently have differential roles for eIF3 in the developmental regulation of translation been experimentally grounded. Furthermore, the roles of individual eIF3 subunits are not clear, and indeed some, such as the “e” subunit may have roles independent of translation initiation. The original three goals of the proposal were technically hampered by a finding that became evident during the course of the research – Any attempt to make transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e wt or eIF3e variants resulted in seedling lethality or seed inviability. That is, it was impossible to regenerate any transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e. We did manage to generate plants that expressed an inducible form of eIF3e. This also eventually led to lethality, but was very useful in elucidating the 4th goal of the research (Yahalom et al., 2008), where we showed, for the first time in any organism, that eIF3e has a repressory role in translation. In attempt to solve the expression problems, we also tried expression from the native promoter, and as such analyzed this promoter in transgenic plants (Epel, 2008). As such, several additional avenues were pursued. 1) We investigated protein-protein interactions of eIF3e (Paz-Aviram et al., 2008). 2) The results from goal #4 led to a novel hypothesis that the interaction of eIF3e and the CSN meets at the control of protein degradation of nascent proteins. In other words, that the block in translation seen in csn and eIF3e-overexpressing plants (Yahalom et al., 2008) leads to proteasome stress. Indeed we showed that both over expression of eIF3e and the csn mutants lead to the unfolded protein response. 3) We further investigated the role of an additional eIF3 subunit, eIF3h, in transalational regulation in the apical meristem (Zhou et al., 2009). Epel, A. (2008). Characterization of eIF3e in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In Plant Sciences (Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University). Paz-Aviram, T., Yahalom, A., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e interacts with subunits of the ribosome, Cop9 signalosome and proteasome. Plant Signaling and Behaviour 3, 409-411. Yahalom, A., Kim, T.H., Roy, B., Singer, R., von Arnim, A.G., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e is regulated by the COP9 signalosome and has an impact on development and protein translation. Plant J 53, 300-311. Zhou, F., Dunlap, J.R., and von Arnim, A.G. The translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h is .1 involved in Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem maintenance and auxin response. (submitted to Development).
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Wet Specimens I (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/dqhf2112.

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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4: Testing and focuses on the first phase of an experimental investigation to study the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls with sill anchorage. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present study involves the first of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at the UC San Diego. Details representative of era-specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction, are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish materials, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses the first phase of testing, which consisted of six specimens. Phase 1 including quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load testing of six 12-ft-long, 2-ft high cripple walls. All specimens in this phase were finished on their exterior with stucco over horizontal sheathing (referred to as a “wet” finish), a finish noted to be common of dwellings built in California before 1945. Parameters addressed in this first phase include: boundary conditions on the top, bottom, and corners of the walls, attachment of the sill to the foundation, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol, instrumentation; and measured as well as physical observations are summarized in this report. In addition, this report discusses the rationale and scope of subsequent small-component test phases. Companion reports present these test phases considering, amongst other variables, the impacts of dry finishes and cripple wall height (Phases 2–4). Results from these experiments are intended to provide an experimental basis to support numerical modeling used to develop loss models, which are intended to quantify the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100, Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Wet Specimens II (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ldbn4070.

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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4 (WG4): Testing, whose central focus was to experimentally investigate the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls. This report focuses stucco or “wet” exterior finishes. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present study involves two of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at the University of California San Diego (UC San Diego). Details representative of era-specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction, are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish style, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses the third phase of testing, which consisted of eight specimens, as well as half of the fourth phase of testing, which consisted of six specimens where three will be discussed. Although conducted in different phases, their results are combined here to co-locate observations regarding the behavior of the second phase the wet (stucco) finished specimens. The results of first phase of wet specimen tests were presented in Schiller et al. [2020(a)]. Experiments involved imposition of combined vertical loading and quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load onto ten cripple walls of 12 ft long and 2 or 6 ft high. One cripple wall was tested with a monotonic loading protocol. All specimens in this report were constructed with the same boundary conditions on the top and corners of the walls as well as being tested with the same vertical load. Parameters addressed in this report include: wet exterior finishes (stucco over framing, stucco over horizontal lumber sheathing, and stucco over diagonal lumber sheathing), cripple wall height, loading protocol, anchorage condition, boundary condition at the bottom of the walls, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol, including instrumentation; and measured as well as physical observations are summarized in this report. Companion reports present phases of the tests considering, amongst other variables, impacts of various boundary conditions, stucco (wet) and non-stucco (dry) finishes, vertical load, cripple wall height, and anchorage condition. Results from these experiments are intended to support advancement of numerical modeling tools, which ultimately will inform seismic loss models capable of quantifying the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100,Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.

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