Статті в журналах: "Tank wagon"

1

Fomin, A. N., M. N. Suvernev, N. A. Bitiutskii, and A. V. Pesliak. "Increasing universality of tank wagons designed to transport petrochemical cargoes." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 17, no. 4 (December 2020): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2020-4-477-489.

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Objective: Characterise the methods for optimisation of tank wagon fl eet. Determine the advantages obtained by the proprietor from wagon modernization. Establish the opportunity for increasing universality of rolling stock on the example of modernisation of tank wagons designed to transport petrochemical cargoes. Methods: Parameters of tank wagons for petrochemical cargo transportation in operation were compared to those of a modernised wagon. Structural elements of a wagon that require modernisation to be consistent with current regulatory requirements were identifi ed. Results of calculations and tests were analysed, and wagon certifi cation was carried out. Results: Ways of modernisation of tank wagons are shown. Primary wagon structural elements that require modernisation are described. Strength, fatigue strength and stability calculations were carried out. Safety valve throughput capacity is calculated, and requirements for this index during transportation of petrochemical cargoes. Optimum design for a drain device is established. A series of engineering prototype verifi cation tests in situ was run, including durability tests which confi rmed the possibility of safe operation of a modernised wagon throughout its service life. The wagon was certifi ed for compliance with railway rolling stock safety requirements. Practical importance: The studies conducted confi rm possibility of modernisation of petroleum and oil tank wagons for transportation of a wide range of cargoes. This would allow create a project for tank wagon modernisation. The novel wagon type is included in the Cargo Wagon Design Reference Guide. Proprietor can implement modernisation of wagons in accordance with the developed modernisation project

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2

Fomin, Oleksij, and Alyona Lovska. "Determination of dynamic loading of bearing structures of freight wagons with actual dimensions." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 7 (110) (April 30, 2021): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.220534.

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The determination of the dynamic loading of the bearing structures of the main types of freight wagons with the actual dimensions under the main operating conditions is carried out. The inertial coefficients of the bearing structures of the wagons are determined by constructing their spatial models in the SolidWorks software package. Two cases of loading of the bearing structures of the wagons – in the vertical and longitudinal planes – have been taken into account. The studies were carried out in a flat coordinate system. When modeling the vertical loading of the bearing structures of wagons, it was taken into account that they move in the empty state with butt unevenness of the elastic-viscous track. The bearing structures of the wagons are supported by bogies of models 18-100. The solution of differential equations of motion was carried out by the Runge-Kutta method in the MathCad software package. When determining the longitudinal loading of the bearing structures of wagons, the calculation was made for the case of a shunting collision of wagons or a "jerk" (tank wagon). The accelerations acting on the bearing structures of the wagons are determined. The research results will help to determine the possibility of extending the operation of the bearing structures of freight wagons that have exhausted their standard service life. It has been established that the indicators of the dynamics of the load-carrying structures of freight wagons with the actual dimensions of the structural elements are within the permissible limits. So, for a gondola wagon, the vertical acceleration of the bearing structure is 4.87 m/s2, for a covered wagon – 5.5 m/s2, for a flat wagon – 5.8 m/s2, for a tank wagon – 4.25 m/s2, for a hopper wagon – 4.5 m/s2. The longitudinal acceleration acting on the bearing structure of a gondola wagon is 38.25 m/s2, for a covered wagon – 38.6 m/s2, for a flat wagon – 38.9 m/s2, for a tank wagon – 27.4 m/s2, for a hopper wagon – 38.5 m/s2. This makes it possible to develop a conceptual framework for restoring the effective functioning of outdated freight wagons. The conducted research will be useful developments for clarifying the existing methods for extending the service life of the bearing structures of freight wagons that have exhausted their standard resource

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3

Mănescu, Tiberiu Ștefan. "Static and dynamic tests at a railway tank wagon." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Engineering 65, no. 1 (November 20, 2020): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeng.2020.1.11.

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Railway tank wagons are widely used for the transportation of liquid cargo as petroleum products, acids, alcohol etc. During the last years only tank wagons with bogies were manufactured (four axles wagons). The prototype of each wagon’s series is tested according with international standards in purpose to validate the design (the project). This paper present the static and dynamic test performed at the body of a four axles tank wagon.

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4

Pienaar, Wessel. "Freight rail transport governance: An international issue." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 4 (2016): 497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i4c3p8.

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Since the economic deregulation of freight transport operations internationally, it has been necessary to have a workable knowledge and an understanding of the types of freight wagons that can help to be instrumental in the efficient and effective market participation of rail technology in the freight transport market. The article identifies and describes the most commonly used rail freight wagons for commercial purposes internationally. The investigation has indicated that subsequent to the economic deregulation of freight transport, there are nine rail wagon types manufactured and commonly used internationally. They are: (1) covered wagon/van; (2) refrigerated wagon/van; (3) flat wagon; (4) tank wagon; (5) container wagon; (6) open wagon; (7) hopper wagon; (8) side stanchion and centre partition wagon; and (9) motorcar wagon. The study revealed that the following three factors mainly dictate wagon design: (1) characteristics of the freight to be transported; (2) physical railway characteristics; and (3) the type of freight terminals and handling equipment necessary to efficiently and effectively accommodate and support rail freight transport.

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5

Grigoriev, P. S., S. N. Korzhin, Sh R. Ibodulloev, and Phu Thuan Tran. "Mathematical Modelling of Tank Wagon Vibrations Considering Partially Filling of the Tank with Liquid Cargo." World of Transport and Transportation 19, no. 2 (November 13, 2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2021-19-2-4.

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Mathematical modelling of processes of motion makes it possible to assess the dynamic characteristics of a wagon at the stage of its design. However, it is necessary to consider the type of cargo transported, the movement of which affects the values of these features.The paper considers a mathematical model of an eight-axle railway tank wagon developed using the Lagrange’s equation of the second kind. The considered mathematical model suggests an approach based on the consideration of the influence of the energy of a liquid cargo in a steady state of motion. This influence was considered by evaluating the kinetic and potential energies of vibrations of the transported liquid cargo.Differential equations of vibration compiled for the model under consideration represent the liquid cargo as a solid. The approach for considering the effect of liquid cargo during vibrations of a tank wagon assumes that the total volume of the displaced liquid approximately corresponds to the volume of the layer of the fluid determined by displacement of bouncing, or in the case of galloping, with an angular displacement of one end section of the tank wagon, the second section rises by the same value, in other words, we observe the system of communicating vessels. Based on these assumptions, energy additions are obtained that consider movement of a liquid cargo under steady-state modes of motion.According to the proposed approach, preliminary calculations were performed, and the results obtained were assessed. The results obtained showed satisfactory convergence with the calculations carried out using other approaches to modelling of the processes of movement of railway tank wagons.

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6

Razaghi, Reza, Majid Sharavi, and Mohammad Mahdi Feizi. "INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF SLOSHING ON THE ENERGY ABSORPTION OF TANK WAGONS CRASH." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 39, no. 2 (June 2015): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2015-0014.

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One of the main fluid mechanics phenomena is fluid sloshing which is originated from the free surface of fluid and should be taken into account in design of fluid structures such as fuel tank wagons, ships and so on. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of tank fluid sloshing on energy absorption and reducing tank acceleration during the tank wagon impact. For this purpose, methods of software simulation and dynamics solution methods are accomplished. The assumed wagon includes a tank with the approximate volume of 95 m3 and capacity of 65 tons of fluid. Using finite element method, the tank impact is simulated based on the corresponding standards for different heights of fluid in the tank. Obtained results show fluid height increase has an inappropriate effect on energy absorption among impact however the more fluid in tank, the more time would be consumed for energy absorption in general. At the end, by using crash test results for a tank with aforementioned scale, validity of impact software simulation and dynamic solution method considering the tank fluid as mass-spring model are checked.

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7

Janushevskis, Alexander, Anatolijs Melnikovs, and Alexander Boyko. "Shape Optimization of 3D Mechanical Systems Using Metamodels." Advanced Materials Research 705 (June 2013): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.705.429.

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In this work resource saving technique is used for shape optimization of 3D mechanical objects. According to statistical data, appearance of cracks in the areas of barrel support pads of tank wagons often causes damages to the barrels. The shape optimization of barrel support pads of a tank wagon is implemented and, as result, the concentration of stresses is significantly reduced in the barrel support areas. The optimization technique is based on CAD/CAE, design of experiment, approximation and optimization software packages. The shape of the support pads is defined by NURBS polygon points that serve as design parameters. For reduction of computational resources, FE models of tank wagon are replaced with high-quality metamodels which are based on locally weighted polynomials. The specific recommendations for the shape of the pads are given. As the second object truly spatial tetrapod is considered. The optimal curved shape of the tetrapod for lattice structure is elaborated.

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8

Fomin, Oleksij, Juraj Gerlici, Alyona Lovskaya, Mykola Gorbunov, Kateryna Kravchenko, Pavlo Prokopenko, and Tomas Lack. "Dynamic loading of the tank container on a flat wagon considering fittings displacement relating to the stops." MATEC Web of Conferences 234 (2018): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823405002.

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The mathematical modelling of the dynamic loading of the container-tank during maneuvering collision of the flat wagon has made it possible to obtain an accurate value of the accelerations acting on its supporting structure. At the same time, possible movements of the tank-container relative to the frame of the flat wagons due to the presence of a technological gap in the pair “fitting stop-fitting” are taken into account. It is established that this acceleration, which is a component of the dynamic load, exceeds the one permitted by the regulatory documents. A computer simulation of the dynamic loading of the tank container in the CosmosWorks software environment was also carried out. The calculation was carried out using the finite element method. The results of the simulation made it possible to determine the distribution fields of the accelerations acting on the supporting structure of the tank-container during the shunting of the flat wagon, as well as their numerical values. Checking the adequacy of the mathematical and computer models using the Fisher criterion allowed us to conclude that the hypothesis of adequacy is not rejected.

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9

Rahmati-Alaei, Ahmad, Majid Sharavi, and Masoud Samadian Zakaria. "Development of a coupled numerical model for the interaction between transient fluid slosh and tank wagon vibration." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 233, no. 3 (November 4, 2018): 568–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419318809616.

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In this paper, a coupled model is developed to evaluate the effect of transient fluid slosh on the railway tank wagon dynamic vice versa. This model has computational complexity in solving the Navier–Stokes equations and nonlinear differential equations of tank wagon vibration with nonlinear wheel–rail contact. The coupled model can be used as an effective and robust tool compared to simplified models for assessing the stability of tank wagon. The transient fluid slosh model is analysed using the computational fluid dynamic method combined with the volume of fluid technique. The tank wagon dynamic model is solved using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method based on the 19 degrees of freedom model with longitudinal, vertical, roll and pitch vibrations. The wheel–rail contact is considered according to nonlinear Hertzian and Kalker linear rolling contact theories. The fluid slosh model is validated using experimental data. The dynamic response characteristics of the partially filled railway tank wagon are investigated under straight-line braking manoeuvre using the coupled model. The results obtained from a parametric study, including the cross sectional shape and the filled volume show that the modified-oval cross section improves the dynamic response characteristics, which are attributed to its lower fluid's centre of gravity coordinate in the longitudinal direction and low lateral moment transfer of the fluid.

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10

Gaba, Vasyl, Tetiana Hrushevska, Oleg Strelko, Anna Kyrychenko, Marina Rudyuk, and Ievgen Gusar. "Improvement of international rail transportation of benzene between Ukraine and the European Union countries." MATEC Web of Conferences 294 (2019): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929404010.

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It is considered the possibility of improvement of the international railway transportation of benzene and other related cargoes between Ukraine and the European Union countries for the carriage of these cargoes in tank containers. The volume of chemical cargo transportation to the EU countries to the rolling stock types for 2018 has been analyzed. The research of the effectiveness of organization of international transportation according to the criterion of the total hours of downtime by wagons under accumulation. The mathematical model of chemical cargoes transportation by wagons, wagon groups and container trains with the accumulation to the technical standards on the cargo diversions was elaborated. The models take into account the unevenness of the wagon arrivals to the accumulation points and observance of the number of wagons to the established norm. A comparison of the effectiveness of the two models of the organization of the chemical cargo delivery and it was defined a more effective version of transportation. It has been established that for more efficient using of the rolling stock and for the rolling stock circulation decreasing is the cargo transportation by trains which consist of cisterns or/and tank container carriages. The influence of the components of the rolling stock circulation and its value are analyzed. The research of the cost of benzene transportation in cisterns and tank containers for the individual diversions was studied. According to the research results the cost of benzene transportation by platforms of the railways ownership is less than twice in comparison to private cisterns and tank-containers of the Ukrainian Railways fleet. These recommendations will improve the process of transportation and increase of volumes of international cargo by railroads between Ukraine and the EU countries.

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11

Krenicky, T., and L. Straka. "Method of Modelling a Tank with Ribbing using a Spatial Scanner for Optimized Control of Volume Characteristics." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012064.

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Abstract Increasing requirements for product quality, whether from the side of technical standards or customers, generate demands on the optimization of measurement and data evaluation processes, which include also dimensional characteristics. The paper deals with determining the volume of the tank of a railway wagon with ribbing. In practice, volume flow meters are usually used to measure the internal volumes of manufactured tanks, which measure the volume of water when filled with water. The method is not only time-consuming but also energy-consuming and generates a large amount of wastewater. Therefore, these obsolete methods are gradually being replaced by those that allow effective inspection of tank wagon dimensions according to the technical documentation. The topic of the paper is a description and verification of the design of a progressive method of determining the internal volume of the tank using a spatial 3D scanner Faro FocusS150 and software processing of measured data. At the same time, verification of compliance with the requirements for the accuracy of determining the internal volume of the tank is presented. The aforementioned methods are therefore compared in terms of accuracy, complexity and time consumption.

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12

Yousefi, Shahin, Mahdi Naseri Taheri, and Majid Shahravi. "Analysis of longitudinal fluid sloshing in tank wagon." International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems 26, no. 2 (2019): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhvs.2019.098280.

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13

N.A., Mahdi Naseri, Majid Shahravi, and Shahin Yousefi. "Analysis of longitudinal fluid sloshing in tank wagon." International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems 1, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhvs.2019.10013867.

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14

Fomin, Oleksij, Juraj Gerlici, Alyona Lovska, and Kateryna Kravchenko. "Analysis of the Loading on an Articulated Flat Wagon of Circular Pipes Loaded with Tank Containers." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 5510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125510.

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This research is concerned with the use of double walls filled with foam aluminum for an open wagon to decrease loading during operational modes. The research presents the strength calculation for the frame of a wagon with a consideration of the engineering solutions proposed. It was found that the maximum equivalent stresses appeared in the bottom section of the center sill behind the back support; they amounted to about 290 MPa and did not exceed the allowable values. The maximum displacements were in the middle parts of the main longitudinal beams of a section, and they amounted to 8.8 mm. The research also presents the strength calculation for a weld joint in the maximum loaded zones of the frame of a wagon and reports the results of the modal analysis of the frame of the improved wagon. It was found that the oscillation frequencies did not exceed the allowable values. The results of the research may be useful for those who are concerned about designing innovative rolling stock units and improving the operational efficiency of railway transport.

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15

Moiseev, V. I., and V. A. Ksenofontova. "Mathematical modeling of a new method of transportation of viscous petroleum products at low air temperatures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 022057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/2/022057.

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Abstract High viscosity petroleum products such as fuel oils and cracking residues are widely used as marine and boiler fuels both in Russia and in its exports. Conveying viscous petroleum products at low air temperatures has a high cost due to the unloading and cleaning processes of the transport tanks. Refined petroleum product cools and solidifies during transportation, becoming highly viscous, making it impossible to drain it without preheating to restore fluidity. Emerging difficulties are common to all countries with long winters and geographically wide areas. To justify a new method of rail transport of viscous petroleum products while maintaining their high temperature and fluidity by suppressing the natural convection of the petroleum product at the stage of filling the tanker. Temperature field calculations using the finite element method and the ANSYS R18.2 package are presented. The business process of the proposed transport method is universal for all modes of transportation. Using Petri nets and simulation modelling, it is investigated using the example of cleaning a tank car boiler from highly viscous residual oil products. You must perform these operations periodically during the operation of the tank wagon, and they are mandatory before every scheduled inspection and repair. Viscous oil products can be transported in a new way, the duration of the cleaning process of the tank wagon boiler is reduced by three times and the amount of water consumed is reduced by one and a half times.

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16

Vatulia, Glib, Anatolii Falendysh, Yevhen Orel, and Mykhailo Pavliuchenkov. "Structural Improvements in a Tank Wagon with Modern Software Packages." Procedia Engineering 187 (2017): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.379.

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17

Fomin, Oleksij, Juraj Gerlici, Alyona Lovskaya, Kateryna Kravchenko, Oleksii Burlutski, and Vladimír Hauser. "Peculiarities of the mathematical modelling of dynamic loading on containers in flat wagons transportation." MATEC Web of Conferences 254 (2019): 02039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925402039.

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The study deals with a shunting impact of 13-4085 wagon platform to a TK25 tank container. In order to define the loads acting on the container frame, 3D computer models of the 1СС size container is designed, both version – for liquid and dry material transport. The virtual model consider a longitudinal force from the wagon automatic coupling, vertical and horizontal forces from the wagon – containers interaction and also vertical forces of the container fittings. For checking adequacy of the created models, the container acceleration values was obtained in two scenarios. In the first case, when fittings are aligned relative to the fitting spots of a wagon, thus without possibility of relative movement. In the second case, movement within clearance of fitting spots is possible. Mathematical models of dynamic loads on these structures were solved by MathCad. Differential equations were solved by the Runge – Kutta method. Adequacy of the created models was checked with an F-test. On the basis of conducted calculation can be conclude that the hypothesis on the adequacy of the models was not rejected.

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18

Fomin, Oleksij Viktorovich, Glib Leonidovich Vatulia, and Alyona Oleksandrivna Lovska. "LOADING ON THE CARRYING STRUCTURE OF A FLAT WAGON IN TRANSPORTATION OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT." Collected scientific works of Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, no. 195 (September 29, 2021): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18664/1994-7852.195.2021.240874.

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The article presents the results of determining the loads on the carrying structure of a flat wagon transported military equipment. The authors suggest that stable fixation of military equipment can be provided with special rings mounted on the flat wagon structure. The results of the strength calculation confirmed the efficiency of this solution. The study deals with the mathematical modelling of the dynamic loads on the carrying structure of a flat wagon with a military tank. The research was made for the plane coordinates. The following oscillations were taken into account: longitudinal plane oscillations, jumping oscillations and galloping oscillations. The differential equations were solved by the Runge–Kutta method in MathCad software suite. The maximum accelerations on the carrying structure of a flat wagon in the longitudinal plane were about 34 m/s2, and in the vertical plane were about 5.0 m/s2. Thus, these accelerations values were within the admissible ones.The study also presents the results of the computer modelling of the dynamic loads on the flat wagon. The calculations were made in SolidWorks Simulation (CosmosWorks) software suite with the finite element method. The study presents the distribution fields of the accelerations relative to the carrying structure of a flat wagon and the numerical values of these accelerations.The models of the dynamic loads on the carrying structure of a flat wagon were verified with an F-test. It has been found that the hypothesis on adequacy is not rejected.The study also included determination of the natural frequencies of the carrying structure of a flat wagon. It was found that the values of the natural frequencies were within the permissible values. This research will contribute to better operation efficiency of the rolling stock with consideration of some military-strategic issues, and will be of help for anyone concerned with development and research into innovative rolling stock structures

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19

Drzewieniecka, Beata, and Marzena Nowak. "Safety Aspect in Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Railway Transport." New Trends in Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2018-0004.

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Abstract Safety in transportation of dangerous goods is an important issue in transport processes. The impact of transport damage on the level of safety is very high and therefore becomes a very important issue in transport. The number of breakdowns in railway transport is becoming more and more advanced with deterioration of wagon condition due to aging. Thanks to the analysis of these data, it was possible to approximate the problem of transport failures and their impact on the safety of people involved in this transport process. In addition, the simulation in ALOHA program has been carried out that allows to illustrate the effects of the hazardous substance release from the transport rail tank. This event may result from derailment of the wagon or breakage of the wagon component. The simulation shows the extent of the threat during the incident. The conducted researches and their analysis have shown the problems of railway transport safety on various levels and different planes.

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20

Fomin, Oleksij, Glib Vatulia, and Alyona Lovska. "Dynamic load modelling for tank containers with the frame of circle pipes and structurally improved fittings." E3S Web of Conferences 166 (2020): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016607001.

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Higher efficiency of bulked cargo transportation along international transport corridors can be achieved with a resource-saving tank container described in the study. A characteristic feature of a tank container is the use of circle pipes as the carrying elements of the frame. In order to decrease impact loads between fittings of the tank container and fitting stops of the flat wagon at shunting impacts, the authors suggest filling fittings with viscous or viscoelastic materials of dumping or anticorrosive properties. The study also deals with modelling dynamic loading for the suggested tank container. The accelerations obtained were considered in strength calculations for a tank container as components of the dynamic loading. It was determined that the maximum equivalent loads did not exceed the admissible loads. The research will promote designing new-generation tank containers of improved technical, economical and ecological properties, and improve the working efficiency of combined transportation.

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21

Šťastniak, Pavol, Marián Moravčík, and Sebastián Solčanský. "Acoustic properties investigation of an innovative railway tank wagon at selected speeds." Transportation Research Procedia 55 (2021): 782–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2021.07.177.

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22

Vera, C., J. Paulin, B. Suárez, and M. Gutiérrez. "Simulation of Freight Trains Equipped with Partially Filled Tank Containers and Related Resonance Phenomenon." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 219, no. 4 (July 1, 2005): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440905x8916.

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To study the fluid motion-vehicle dynamics interaction, a model of four, liquid filled two-axle container freight wagons was set up. The railway vehicle has been modelled as a multi-body system (MBS). To include fluid sloshing, an equivalent mechanical model has been developed and incorporated. The influence of several factors has been studied in computer simulations, such as track defects, curve negotiation, train velocity, wheel wear, liquid and solid wagonload, and container baffles. SIMPACK has been used for MBS analysis, and ANSYS for liquid sloshing modelling and equivalent mechanical systems validation. Acceleration and braking manoeuvres of the freight train set the liquid cargo into motion. This longitudinal sloshing motion of the fluid cargo inside the tanks initiated a swinging motion of some components of the coupling gear. The coupling gear consists of UIC standard traction hooks and coupling screws that are located between buffers. One of the coupling screws is placed in the traction hook of the opposite wagon thus joining the two wagons, whereas the unused coupling screw rests on a hanger. Simulation results showed that, for certain combinations of type of liquid, filling level and container dimensions, the liquid cargo could provoke an undesirable, although not hazardous, release of the unused coupling screw from its hanger. The coupling screw's release was especially obtained when a period of acceleration was followed by an abrupt braking manoeuvre at 1 m/s2. It was shown that a resonance effect between the liquid's oscillation and the coupling screw's rotary motion could be the reason for the coupling screw's undesired release. Possible solutions to avoid the phenomenon are given.

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23

Šťastniak, Pavol, Marián Moravčík, and Lukáš Smetanka. "Investigation of strength conditions of the new wagon prototype type Zans." MATEC Web of Conferences 254 (2019): 02037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925402037.

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The paper describe the most significant and innovative research and development design solutions and computational procedures as part of European structural funds project. The object of our calculations is strength simulation analyzes of a new structure of railway tank wagon for transportation of ignition matters through FEM analysis created in program MSC.Marc. Results of calculations and prototype tests prove, that new structure of the construction satisfies strength assessments according to valid requirements and standards.

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24

Maulana, Sokheh, Mutiara Salsabiela, and Sutangi Sutangi. "IMPLEMENTATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT AT FILLING FUEL WORK IN FILLING SHED AREA." Jurnal Migasian 1, no. 2 (December 13, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36601/jurnal-migasian.v1i2.13.

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Suatu industri pasti mempunyai potensi bahaya, oleh karena itu, Implementasi Risk Assessment Di PT Pertamina (Persero) TBBM Maos pada pekerjaan pengisian BBM merupakan sistem manajemen K3 dalam mengurangi resiko di setiap tahapan pekerjaan melalui metode HIRADC. Tujuan pelaksanaan Tugas Akhir ini adalah mengetahui program implementasi risk assessment, mengetahui prosedur implementasi risk assessment, mengetahui penerapan implementasi risk assessment dan mengetahui tindak lanjut risk assessment. Kegiatan Tugas Akhir ini berlangsung pada tanggal 17 Mei s.d. 17 Juni 2017 di PT Pertamina (Persero) TBBM Maos, jalan Maos, Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan pengambilan data yaitu observasi lapangan, wawancara, diskusi, dan melihat data/record perusahaan. PT Pertamina (Persero) Terminal Bahan Bakar Minyak (TBBM) Maos merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang perminyakan yang mulai beroperasi tahun 1971 dan mempunyai tugas mendistribusikan bahan bakar minyak dengan menggunakan mobil tanki ataupun dengan RTW (Rail Tank Wagon).

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Street, George Edward, Preetum Jayantilal Mistry, and Michael Sylvester Johnson. "Impact Resistance of Fibre Reinforced Composite Railway Freight Tank Wagons." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5060152.

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The use of fibre reinforced composite materials is one method by which the lightweighting of rail vehicles can be achieved. However, the issue of impact damage, amongst other challenges, limits their safety certification. This issue is accentuated by the high levels of loading a rail vehicle may be subjected to during service. This paper addresses the significance of pre-tension on large composite structures, specifically for a composite redesign of a pressure vessel for a freight tank wagon. Preloading was determined to be detrimental to the overall impact resistance of a large composite vessel. At 15.71 J of impact energy, there was a 22% increase in mean absorbed energy for a uniaxially loaded panel over an unloaded panel. However, there was only a 4% difference in penetration depth between uniaxial and biaxial loading. A novel finding from these results is that the effects of preloading are more profound if the loading does not act parallel to a principal fibre direction. Matrix cracking and delaminations are the most common failure modes observed for specimens under low-velocity impact and are intensified by preload.

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Fomin, O., J. Gerlici, A. Lovska, T. Lack, N. Bykovets, H. Shatkovska, and K. Kravchenko. "Determination of the strength of a flat wagon by elastic viscous interaction with tank containers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 776 (April 2, 2020): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/776/1/012015.

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27

Sergeeva, Darya V., and Pyotr P. Purygin. "Analysis of branching of sunflower roots under the influence of external factors." Butlerov Communications 60, no. 11 (November 30, 2019): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-60-11-75.

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Oil is an environmentally hazardous substance of class 3 (moderately hazardous substances). However, during transportation, oil is classified as hazard class 1 and 2 (extremely hazardous and highly hazardous substances), since during transportation of oil and oil products there is a likelihood of spills of hazardous substances as a result of an oil pipeline breakdown, emergency wagon-tank wagon derailment during transportation by rail, oil tanker wrecks and accidents. Getting into the soil, soil microflora degradation occurs, respiratory processes are disrupted and the composition of humus and soil microorganisms changes. Hydrophobic compounds are especially dangerous for the roots of plants, which impede the flow of moisture and nutrients. The experiment of germination of sunflower seeds using various external factors, such as oil pollution in different concentrations (0.5%, 0.9%, 2.9%, 4.7%) and pre-processing of the gradient magnetic field. Magnetic field treatment was carried out with the help of a small-sized magnetoplasmic unit UMP-2. Comparative analysis of the root system of sunflower was carried out after germination in rolls of filter paper, planting of germinated seeds in universal soil for 30 days of plant growth. The obtained data indicate the stimulating effect of the magnetic field not only on the germination and growth parameters of plants, but also on the root system.

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Rahmati-Alaei, Ahmad, Majid Sharavi, and Masoud Samadian Zakaria. "Hunting stability analysis of partially filled tank wagon on curved track using coupled CFD-MBD method." Multibody System Dynamics 50, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11044-019-09715-y.

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29

Fomin, Oleksij, Alyona Lovska, Oleksandr Gorobchenko, Serhii Turpak, Iryna Kyrychenko, and Oleksii Burlutski. "ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC LOADING OF IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF A TANK CONTAINER UNDER OPERATIONAL LOAD MODES." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 2 (March 31, 2019): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2019.00876.

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An increase in the volume of bulk cargo transportation through international transport corridors necessitates the commissioning of tank containers. Intermodalization of a tank container predetermines its load in various operating conditions depending on the type of vehicle on which it is carried: aviation, sea, air or rail. The analysis of the operating conditions of tank containers, as well as the regulatory documents governing their workload, led to the conclusion that the most dynamic loads acting on the supporting structures during transportation by rail. Namely, during the maneuvering collision of a wagon-platform, on which there are tank containers. In this case, it is stipulated that for a loaded tank container, the dynamic load is assumed to be 4g, and for an empty (for the purpose of checking the reinforcement) – 5g. It is important to note that when the tank container is underfilled with bulk cargo and taking into account movements of fittings relative to fittings, the maximum value of dynamic load can reach significantly larger values. Therefore, in order to ensure the strength of tank containers, an improvement of their structures has been proposed by introducing elastic-viscous bonds into the fittings. To determine the dynamic loading of the tank container, taking into account the improvement measures, mathematical models have been compiled, taking into account the presence of elastic, viscous and elastic-viscous bonds between the fittings, stops and fittings. It is established that the elastic bond does not fully compensate for the dynamic loads acting on the tank container. The results of mathematical modeling of dynamic loading, taking into account the presence of viscous and elastic-viscous coupling in the fittings, made it possible to conclude that the maximum accelerations per tank container do not exceed the normalized values. The determination of the dynamic loading of the tank container is also carried out by computer simulation using the finite element method. The calculation takes place in the software package CosmosWorks. The maximum values of accelerations are obtained, as well as their distribution fields relative to the supporting structure of the tank container. The developed models are verified by the Fisher criterion. The research will contribute to the creation of tank containers with improved technical, operational, as well as environmental characteristics and an increase in the efficiency of the liquid cargo transportation process through international transport corridors.

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30

Fomin, O., A. Lovska, V. Bohomia, and I. Berestovoi. "Determination of dynamic loading of a tank wagon with malleable links between the pot and the frame." Procedia Structural Integrity 36 (2022): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2022.01.030.

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31

Tretiak, E. V. "ASPECTS OF TANK-CONTAINER TESTS FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE UN SHIPPING REGISTER." Railbound Rolling Stock, no. 21 (December 24, 2020): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47675/2304-6309.2020.21.7-27.

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The article deals the method of calculation studies of impact tests of tank containers to confirm the ability of portable tanks and multi-element gas containers to withstand the impact in the longitudinal direction on a specially equipped stand accredited in the certification system of the Register of Shipping of Ukraine, or using a railway platform and executing an impact force generated by a wagon-striker in accordance with the requirements of the UN Register of Shipping. It is shown that the main estimated characteristic of the UN requirements is the impact response spectrum (accelerations) for the interval natural frequencies of the impact impulse. The calculation of the points of the impact response spectrum curve according to the test results is shown in four stages. The test configuration of a railway platform with a tank-container for impact loads is presented, in which the impact is performed in such a way that the curve of the impact response spectrum obtained during the tests of both fittings under a single impact repeated or exceeded the minimum impact response curve spectrum at all frequencies in the range from 2 Hz to 100 Hz. The matrices of relative displacements and accelerations for the interval natural frequencies of the impact wave are given. The results of the research are presented in graphical form, which shows that the experimental values of the impact response spectrum exceed the minimum allowable values. The equation of the experimental curve of the shock response spectrum in the frequency range 0-100 Hz is described by the power dependence; the coefficients of the equation were determined by the statistical method of the maximum likelihood, with the determination factor being 0.897, which is a satisfactory value. The comparative analysis showed that the experimental curve of the impact response spectrum in the frequency range 0-100 Hz exceeds the normalized curve, which confirms compliance with regulatory requirements. It is proposed to use a new test configuration using a tank car with bulk liquid, where the processes occurring under impact significantly differ from other freight cars subjected to longitudinal impact loads of the tank container. The hydraulic shock caused by the impact on the tank container and the platform creates a turning moment, which causes the rear fittings to be unloaded.

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32

Xiang, Xuezhi, Zike Yan, Lei Zhang, Hanwei Tang, and Yulong Qiao. "A System and Vision Localization Method for the Opening of Railway Oil Tank Wagon Based on Shape Matching." IEEE Sensors Journal 16, no. 9 (May 2016): 3008–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2016.2521329.

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33

Fomin, Oleksij, Glib Vatulia, Alyona Lovska, Juraj Gerlici, and Kateryna Kravchenko. "Determination of the Loading of the Carrying Structure of a Tank Wagon During Transportation by a Railway Ferry." TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation 15, no. 2 (2021): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12716/1001.15.02.07.

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34

Albaneze, Rodrigo, Francisco Amaral Villela, Jean Carlo Possenti, Karina Guollo, and Ivan Carlos Riedo. "Mechanical damage caused by the use of grain carts for transport during soybean seed harvest." Journal of Seed Science 40, no. 4 (October 2018): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v40n4174101.

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Abstract: Mechanical damage constitutes one of the factors limiting production of high quality soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on seed viability and mechanical damage caused to soybean seeds when using a grain cart, together with an auger unloading system, as a means of transporting grain from the combine to the truck. Seed samples were collected in two seed production fields in the region of Abelardo Luz, SC, Brazil, at three different times (10:00, 12:30, and 16:00) and from three places (in the combine grain tank, in the grain wagon, and in the truck). The percentages of broken seeds, moisture content, mechanical damage to the seed coat, and germination were evaluated. The use of auxiliary grain cart equipment contributed to an increase in breakage and mechanical injury in seeds, worsening seed viability. Seeds collected at lower moisture contents had higher breakage and higher rates of mechanical damage.

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35

Popa, Gabriel, Ioan Sebesan, Marius Adrian Spiroiu, and Claudiu Nicolae Badea. "Safety against Derailment for Railway Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.223.

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The shock attack occurs at a railway vehicle circulation in a curve in which a discontinuous bend appears, mathematically represented by an angular point. In this point, shock angle produces an abrupt change of direction of the vehicle, respectively a dynamic shock force.The paper presents a mathematical model used to determine the dynamic force shock and its influence on vehicle guiding safety. The study was applied to the tank wagon on bogies for transportation of petroleum products, because such vehicles generally have derailed at circulation in curves in which have occurred accidentally discontinuous bends.It shows that the dynamic force may lead to an unacceptable increase of guiding force Y at leading axle of the vehicle, and therefore to overcome the (Y/Q)lim, which defines the limit of derailment, Q being the load on the attacking wheel.The conclusions indicate constructive measures to be taken to ensure the safety of the vehicle guiding at circulation in curves.

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36

Fomin, O., A. Lovska, L. Bazyl, O. Radkevych, and I. Skliarenko. "Determination of the strength of the flat wagon fitting stops by elastic viscous interaction with fittings of the tank container." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 708 (December 19, 2019): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/708/1/012008.

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37

Pienaar, Wessel. "Logistics aspects of pipeline transport in the supply of petroleum products." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 27, no. 2 (September 16, 2008): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v27i2.85.

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The commercial transportation of crude oil and petroleum products by pipeline is receiving increased attention in South Africa. Transnet Pipeline Transport has recently obtained permission from the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (Nersa) to construct and operate a new petroleum products pipeline of 60 cm diameter from Durban to Gauteng. At an operating speed of 10 km/h the proposed 60 cm Transnet pipeline would be able to deliver 3,54 million litres of petroleum product per hour. This is equivalent to 89 deliveries per hour using road tank vehicles with an average carrying capacity of 40 000 litres of fuel per vehicle. This pipeline throughput is also equivalent to two trains departing per hour, each consisting of 42 petroleum tank wagons with an average carrying capacity of 42 500 litres of fuel per wagon. Considering that such road trucks and rail wagons return empty to the upstream refineries in Durban, it is clear that there is no tenable long-term alternative to pipeline transport:pipeline transport is substantially cheaper than road and rail transport;pipeline transport is much safer than rail and especially road transport; andpipeline transport frees up alternative road and rail transport capacity.Pipeline transport is a non-containerised bulk mode of transport for the carriage of suitable liquids (for example, petroleum commodities, which include crude oil, refined fuel products and liquid petro-chemicals), gas, slurrified coal and certain water-suspended ores and minerals. InSouth Africa, petroleum products account for the majority of commercial pipeline traffic, followed by crude oil and natural gas. There are three basic types of petroleum pipeline transport systems:Gathering pipeline systemsCrude oil trunk pipeline systemsRefined products pipeline systems Collectively, these systems provide a continuous link between extraction, processing, distribution, and wholesalers’ depots in areas of consumption. The following activities are involved in the flow of goods between place of origin and place of consumption or application:Demand forecasting, Facility site selection, Procurement,Materials handling, Packaging, Warehouse management, Inventory management,Order processing, Logistics communications, Transport, Reverse logistics. Because cost is incurred without adding value each time goods are handled (activity 4) at a terminal or storage facility, a primary logistics objective is to eliminate handling wherever possible. With the carriage of crude oil and petroleum products by pipeline this objective is fully met. Commodity intake, haulage, and discharge are combined in one process, usually a remote-controlled operation. Pipeline transport is a non-containerised bulk mode of transport thereby obviating the need for packaging (activity 5) and returning empty containers. Pipelines provide a direct and long-term link between these origins and destinations. If necessary a continuous service can be provided with no need for a return trip or a reverse pumping process (activity 11).The elimination of handling, packaging and reverse logistics activities contribute substantially to the high measure of economies of scale that pipeline transport enjoys. The article provides adscription of each of the eleven logistics activities in the context of pipeline transport. Effective logistics service is a prerequisite to help ensure that customers receive the required products at the desired quality and quantity, where and when needed. The most pertinent determinants of logistics service performance aresuitability, accessibility, goods security, transit time, reliability and flexibility. The article offers a discussion of the extent to which pipeline transport conforms to each of these measures of effectiveness.

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38

Karpova, Tatiana S., Vladimir I. Moiseev, and Vera A. Ksenofontova. "Simulation of the circulation method for discharging viscous petroleum products." Transportation Systems and Technology 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20206294-105.

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Background: In the domestic market, the consumption of fuel oil increases during the winter period, leading to higher prices. At the same time, the cost of inputs and the time for the discharge of viscous oil products are greatly increased. The duration of the discharge process is related to the physico-chemical properties of the fuel oil. Its viscosity depends on the temperature of the product itself and the temperature of the environment, which in our country averages 5.5 C per year. Aim: Reduction in the length and cost of transport of viscous petroleum products. Methods: The article proposes a new method for the carriage of viscous petroleum products by rail, ensuring that their fluidity is preserved without the use of thermal insulation of the boiler of the tank-wagon and the means for carrying the heating. Simulation models of the processes of pouring out viscous petroleum products for a traditional and new method of pouring in the circulation method of discharge of viscous petroleum products, which make it possible to estimate the quantity of resources consumed, are constructed. Results: The work shows the peculiarities of the existing process of discharging viscous petroleum products. Simulation and functional-cost analysis of the discharge process were carried out under the circulatory method for heating viscous petroleum products. The results were compared. Conclusion: In the new pouring method, the discharge process is similar to the summer period.

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39

Borodin, Yu P., S. V. Elizarov, M. I. Efremov, V. G. Kharebov, and N. Yu Il'yushenkova. "Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Cast Supports for Tank Wagons." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 40, no. 3/4 (March 2004): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:cape.0000033670.08052.15.

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40

V., Voropai, and Chebanov V. "Analysis of the wagons-tanks technical condition of the chemical industry park." Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 3-4 (December 27, 2019): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jai2019.03-04.082.

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The article brings statistical data on the technical condition of the wagons-tanks of one of the largest enterprises of the Ukrainian chemical industry. The technique of monitoring the technical condition is explained, the classification of damage to wagons-tanks depending on the stages of the life cycle is proposed, the distribution of damage depending on the stages of the life cycle is shown. The information set forth in the article provides the basis for conducting technical diagnostics in order to justify the further term of maintenance

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41

Nahidi, Asal, and Davood Younesian. "Novel control strategies for roll/pitch stabilization of tank wagons." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 230, no. 1 (April 28, 2014): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409714531410.

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42

Lautkaski, Risto. "Evaluation of BLEVE risks of tank wagons carrying flammable liquids." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22, no. 1 (January 2009): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2008.07.005.

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43

Kravchenko, K., P. Šťastniak, J. Harušinec, J. Gerlici, and M. Moravčík. "Technic solutions analysis and development of the innovation design protective elements of railway tank wagons." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012023.

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Abstract The absence of protective elements on railway tank wagons in case of accidents can lead to significant losses and adverse effects on the environment. This is especially the case for railway wagons for transportation of ignition matters. The article deals with the analysis and the development of the protective elements structures. Two variants of protection are developed - anti-climbing devices and protective shields. Innovation patented design variants are presented. New materials are used in protective constructions, such as aramid, non-Newtonian fluid. A series of measurements and simulation analyses for the integration of protective elements have been made. For the selected constructions, the results of strength researches of constructions are presented. The advantages of the proposed designs are evaluated.

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44

KIM, Konstantin K., and Aleksandr Yu PANYCHEV. "Innovative electrical engineering developed for the transport industry by the Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University." BULLETIN OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH RESULTS 2021, no. 4 (December 2021): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2021-4-87-103.

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Objective: To familiarize the general scientific community with the latest electrotechnical innovative developments for the transport industry, carried out by the scientists of the Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University in the period from 2000 to 2021. Methods: We used the methods of calculation of electromagnetic fields and circuits, mathematical analysis, mathematical physics and numerical methods in the development of the described devices and systems. Results: 101 We developed a pipeline high-speed magnetolevitation transport system with vehicle movement in a rarefied atmosphere, a series of pantograph pantographs for heavy-loaded and high-speed trains using solid lubricants and a contactless method of transmitting electrical energy, a plasma device for fine cleaning of circuit boards for microcircuits, a device for creating a comfortable climate in office premises, electrohydroimpulse installations designed for loosening frozen coal in gondola cars in winter, shock tests of wagons, escalators and travalators using linear electric motors, high-speed electric switches-breakers, heat generators based on an electromechanical converter with the functions of a heater and pump, a wagon generator with a forced excitation system, a pulse voltage generator, allowing to measure the pulse resistance of the grounding conductors of the contact network supports, a complex of installations for various purposes using ozone technologies, a system for laser monitoring of the integrity of tanks, a device for diagnosing the degree of corrosion of the fittings of contact supports, an electrohydroimpulse installation for impact welding, treatment plants, technology for recycling car tires, security systems of the main trackbed. Practical importance: The use of the described developments will increase energy efficiency, energy saving and safety of production processes in transport

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45

Sulym, Andrii, Pavlo Khozia, Eduard Tretiak, Václav Píštěk, Oleksij Fomin, and Pavel Kučera. "Aspects of Strength Testing of Tank Containers in Compliance with the Requirements of the UN Navigation Rules and Regulations." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030349.

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Анотація:

This article deals with the method of computer-aided studies of the results of tank container impact tests to confirm the ability of portable tanks and multi-element gas containers to withstand the impact in the longitudinal direction on a specially equipped test rig or using a railway flat car by impacting a flat car with a striking car, in compliance with the requirements of the UN Navigation Rules and Regulations. It is shown that the main assessed characteristic of the UN requirements is the spectrum of the shock response (accelerations) for the interval natural frequencies of the shock pulse. The calculation of the points of the shock response spectrum curve based on the test results is reproduced in four stages. A test configuration of the impact testing of the railway flat car with a tank container is presented, and the impact is performed in such a way that, under a single impact, the shock spectrum curve obtained during the tests for both fittings subjected to impact repeats or exceeds the minimum shock spectrum curve for all frequencies in the range of 2 Hz to 100 Hz. Formulas for determining the relative displacements and accelerations for the interval natural frequencies of the shock wave are given. The research results are presented in graphical form, indicating that the experimental values of the shock response spectrum exceed the minimum permissible values; the equation of the experimental curve of the shock response spectrum in the frequency range 0–100 Hz is described by power-law dependence. The coefficients of the equation were determined by the statistical method of maximum likelihood with the determination factor being 0.897, which is a satisfactory value; a comparative analysis showed that the experimental curve of the impact response spectrum in the frequency range 0–100 Hz exceeds the normalized curve, which confirms compliance with regulatory requirements. A new test configuration is proposed using a tank car with a bulk liquid, the processes in which upon impact differ significantly from other freight wagons under longitudinal impact loads of the tank container. The hydraulic impact resulting from the impact on the tank container and the platform creates an overturning moment that causes the rear fittings to be unloaded.

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46

Poyarkova, E. V., L. S. Dinmukhametova, and N. Y. Podolyak. "THE CAUSAL-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP OF DAMAGE OCCURRENCE OF TANK-WAGONS FOR OIL PRODUCTS TRANSPORTATION." Tambov University Reports. Series: Natural and Technical Sciences 21, no. 3 (2016): 1263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0198-2016-21-3-1263-1266.

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47

Kravchenko, Kateryna, Pavol Šťastniak, Marián Moravčík, Ján Dižo, and Miroslav Blatnický. "An innovative design of a protective device for integrity of tank wagons in a collision." Transportation Research Procedia 55 (2021): 767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2021.07.044.

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48

Tretiak, E. V. "PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TANK CONTAINER FOR TRANSPORTATION OF VEGETABLE OILS UNDER IMPACT TEST." Railbound Rolling Stock, no. 21 (December 24, 2020): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47675/2304-6309-2020-21-44-57.

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The paper presents the assessment of the fat – and-oil industry of Ukraine. Leaders of the largest producers of sunflower oil in Ukraine were determined in percentage terms; they are LLC "European Transport Stevedoring Company" (6.6% of total production), LLC Optimus Agro Trade (6.1%), LLC Pridneprovsky SEZ, Ltd (4.7%) and PJSC "Vinnitsa OZHK" (4.7%). The development of oil and fat enterprises of Ukraine was analyzed and the main problems were identified, which include the choice of transportation means of vegetable oils from factories to the seaport and the territorial location of factories producing vegetable oils. It is established that at present the currently relevant type of transportation of bulk cargo has become tank containers, as transportation in them is carried out without intermediate overflow of the product when changing the mode of transport, which ensures the increased safety of transportation and cargo, as well as contributing to the environmental security during the transportation process. The article includes the classification of tank containers and identification of the main world manufacturers of chemical and food tank containers. It is determined that the construction of the tank container should withstand the action of its own forces of inertia, which occur during the movement of the vehicle, as well as under impact of wagons that occur during shunting operations, including gravity marshalling yard, emergency braking and other emergencies that may occur during operation under the following accelerations: in the longitudinal direction Pпр it is 2 g; in transverse direction Pп it is 1 g; in the vertical direction Pв it is 2 g; under impact: for a loaded container with dangerous goods the acceleration is 4 g; for a loaded container with a safe cargo it is 2 g; for an empty container (to check the fittings) it is 5 g. The paper describes the procedure for obtaining dynamic characteristics of a tank-container for transporting vegetable oils placed on a platform car under impact tests. The presented example of obtaining the values of accelerations that act on the load-bearing structure of the tank-container under impact shows that the designed construction of the tank-container meets the regulatory requirements for strength characteristics.

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49

Galov, V. V., V. A. Bashmakov, and A. V. Grigoriev. "Resource assessment in the collision of modern designed tank cars manufactured by JSC “Ruzkhimmash”." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 2021, no. 2 (June 2021): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2021-2-159-168.

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Objective: To study the nature of fatigue damage in modern tank cars using the results of multiple collision life tests. To show the need for life tests by making appropriate changes to design documentation and increasing the competitiveness of products due to the increase in service life. To conﬁrm the possibility of a longer service life of the wagons. To identify potentially hazardous areas in car’s structure, most susceptible to damage during operation. Methods: An experimental method was applied to assess the indicators of the cyclic durability on elements of the car’s structure by testing the resource in multiple collisions. Mathematical statistics were used to assess the test results and identify fatigue damage. Results: A comparative analysis was conducted on the design features of tested cars. The procedure for testing in impacts is also described. A statistical assessment of loading modes and accumulated fatigue damage is presented. Failures were experienced that impeded further testing. The results of the tests conﬁrmed an increase in the service life of the cars of up to 32 years. On the basis of the detected damage, the car structure zones most susceptible to damage in operation were statistically determined. Practical importance: The need to increase the service life of cars up to 32 years was conﬁrmed. The results of the tests carried out made it possible to make appropriate changes in the design documentation and to increase the competitiveness of cars produced by JSC Ruzkhimmash in the modern market. The accumulated experimental data can be used in the future design of tank cars giving improved operational characteristics compared to the existing rolling stock, including structural units subject to fatigue damage during operation.

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Bikkulov, V. Sh, and A. V. Kondakov. "Definition of metrological characteristics of tank wagons used in the field of the state regulation that ensures the uniformity of measurements." Automation, Telemechanization and Communication in Oil Industry, no. 2 (2018): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30713/0132-2222-2018-2-9-10.

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