Дисертації з теми "Syzygie"
Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Syzygie.
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Syzygie".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
1
González-Mazón, Pablo. "Méthodes effectives pour les transformations birationnelles multilinéaires et contributions à l'analyse polynomiale de données." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ4138.
Анотація:
Cette thèse explore deux sujets distincts à l'intersection de l'algèbre commutative, de la géométrie algébrique, de l'algèbre multilinéaire et de la modélisation géométrique :1. L'étude et la construction effective des transformations birationnelles multilinéaires 2. L'extraction d'informations à partir de données discrètes à l'aide de modèles polynomiaux. La partie principale de ce travail est consacrée aux transformations birationnelles multilinéaires.Une transformation birationnelle multilinéaire est une transformation rationnelle phi : (mathbb{P}^1)^n dashrightarrow{} mathbb{P}^n, définie par des polynômes multilinéaires, qui admet une transformation rationnelle inverse.Les transformations birationnelles entre espaces projectifs constituent un sujet d'étude important de la géométrie algébrique, initié par les travaux fondateurs de Cremona, qui a connu des avancées significatives au cours des dernières décennies.Plus récemment, les transformation birationnelles multiprojectives, c'est-à-dire définies par des polynômes multi-homogènes, ont récemment suscité un regain d'intérêt, motivé notamment par l'étude des structures multigraduées en algèbre commutative et leurs applications pratique en modélisation géométrique.Dans la première partie, nous étudions les aspects algébriques et géométriques des transformations birationales multilinéaires.Nous nous concentrons principalement sur les transformations birationnelles trilinéaires phi : (mathbb{P}^1)^3 dashrightarrow{} mathbb{P}^3 dont nous établissons une classification en fonction de la structure algébrique de leur espace, du lieu base, et des résolutions libres graduées minimales de l'idéal engendré par les polynômes de définition.En outre, nous développons les premières méthodes qui permettent de construire et de manipuler des transformations birationnelles non linéaires en dimension 3 avec une flexibilité suffisante pour les applications visées en modélisation géométrique.De plus, nous établissons une caractérisation de la birationalité basée sur le rang de tenseurs, qui permet de construire efficacement et ouvre la voie à l'application des outils de l'algèbre tensorielle à la birationnalité.Nous étendons également nos résultats aux transformations birationnelles multilinéaires en dimension arbitraire, dans le cas où il existe un inverse multilinéaire.Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous concentrons sur l'application des polynômes à l'analyse des données discrètes.Nous nous attaquons à deux problèmes distincts.Tout d'abord, nous dérivons des bornes pour la taille des (1-epsilon)-nets pour les ensembles de non-négativité de polynômes réels.Nos résultats nous permettent d'étendre le théorème classique du point central aux inégalités polynomiales de degré supérieur.Ensuite, nous abordons la classification des cylindres réels qui passent par cinq points qui sont tels que quatre d'entre eux sont cocycliques, c'est-à-dire qu'ils se trouvent sur un cercle.Il s'agit d'un cas particulier de problèmes plus généraux que sont la classification des racines réelles des systèmes de polynômes réels et l'extraction de primitives algébriques à partir de données brutesThis thesis explores two distinct subjects at the intersection of commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, multilinear algebra, and computer-aided geometric design:1. The study and effective construction of multilinear birational maps2. The extraction of information from measures and data using polynomialsThe primary and most extensive part of this work is devoted to multilinear birational maps.A multilinear birational map is a rational map phi: (mathbb{P}^1)^n dashrightarrow{} mathbb{P}^n, defined by multilinear polynomials, which admits an inverse rational map. Birational transformations between projective spaces have been a central theme in algebraic geometry, tracing back to the seminal works of Cremona, which has witnessed significant advancement in the last decades. Additionally, there has been a recent surge of interest in tensor-product birational maps, driven by the study of multiprojective spaces in commutative algebra and their practical application in computer-aided geometric design.In the first part, we address algebraic and geometric aspects of multilinear birational maps.We primarily focus on trilinear birational maps phi: (mathbb{P}^1)^3 dashrightarrow{} mathbb{P}^3, that we classify according to the algebraic structure of their space, base loci, and the minimal graded free resolutions of the ideal generated by the defining polynomials. Furthermore, we develop the first methods for constructing and manipulating nonlinear birational maps in 3D with sufficient flexibility for geometric modeling and design.Interestingly, we discover a characterization of birationality based on tensor rank, which yields effective constructions and opens the door to the application of tools from tensors to birationality. We also extend our results to multilinear birational maps in arbitrary dimension, in the case that there is a multilinear inverse.In the second part, our focus shifts to the application of polynomials in analyzing data and measures.We tackle two distinct problems. Firstly, we derive bounds for the size of (1-epsilon)-nets for superlevel sets of real polynomials. Our results allow us to extend the classical centerpoint theorem to polynomial inequalities of higher degree. Secondly, we address the classification of real cylinders through five-point configurations where four points are cocyclic, i.e. they lie on a circumference. This is an instance of the more general problems of real root classification of systems of real polynomials and the extraction of algebraic primitives from raw data
2
Ruschel, Magda Rosí. "O estado sizígio de televisão: por uma metodologia de pesquisa do som no audiovisual." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2008. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2626.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:24:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 28Nenhuma
A presente dissertação tem por finalidade estudar o desenho das sonoridades televisivas e a criação de ambiências para programas. Para alcançar tal objetivo, foi necessário um confronto dos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos, através de uma pesquisa empírica, em que experimento um procedimento metodológico próprio, construído a partir de referenciais teórico de autores como Bergson, Deleuze e Kilpp. A intenção precípua do estudo é atualizar o desenho do som na TV e de redimensionar metodologicamente a pesquisa das audiovisualidades. Para tanto, tomo por base o processamento de infografias que dão a ver a participação do áudio no ritmo audiovisual. Orientando-se sob este foco definido, a dissertação reflete a sonoridade televisiva, considerando-a como intensidades desarticuladas de durações múltiplas sobrepostas em que decorre a instauração das ritmicidade e que constitui e coexiste no estado sizígio pop de televisão
The present dissertation has as the aim of studying the design of the television sonorities and the creation of ambiences for programs. To reach this aim it was necessary to compare the theoretical and methodological postulates, through an empirical research, where I experiment my own methodological procedure, which was constructed based on the theoretical framework of authors like Bergson, Deleuze and Kilpp. The foremost intention of this work is to update the sound design in television and methodologically redirect the research of audiovisualities. In order to do that I take as a basis the processing of infographies that convey the participation of audio in the audiovisual rhythm. Oriented by this defined focus, the dissertation reflects about television sonority, considering it as disarticulated intensities of superimposed multiple durations in which the establishment of the rhythmicity that constitutes and co-exists in the pop syzygie state of television occurs
3
Nemati, Navid. "Syzygies : algebra, combinatorics and geometry." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS284.
Анотація:
La régularité de Castelnuovo-Mumford est l'un des principaux invariants numériques permettant de mesurer la complexité de la structure des modules gradués de type fini sur des anneaux polynomiaux. Il mesure le degré maximal des générateurs des modules de syzygies. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions la régularité de Castelnuovo-Mumford avec différents points de vue et, dans certaines parties, nous nous concentrons principalement sur les syzygies linéaires. Dans le chapitre 2, nous étudions la régularité des homologies de Koszul et des cycles de Koszul de quotients unidimensionnels. Dans le chapitre 3, nous étudions les propriétés de Lefschetz faibles et fortes d'une classe d'idéaux monomiaux artiniens. Nous donnons, dans certains cas, une réponse affirmative à une conjecture d'Eisenbud, Huneke et Ulrich. Dans les chapitres 4 et 5, nous étudions deux comportements asymptotiques différents de la régularité de Castelnuovo-Mumford. Dans le chapitre 4, nous travaillons sur un quotient d'une algèbre noethérienne standard par suite régulière homogène. Au chapitre 5, nous étudions la régularité des puissances des idéaux monomiaux associés aux graphes en haltère. Dans le chapitre 6, nous travaillons sur des espaces projectifs. Au début de ce chapitre, nous présentons un package pour le logiciel informatique Macaulay2. De plus, nous étudions les cohomologies des "intersections complètes" dans Pnx PmCastelnuovo-Mumford regularity is one of the main numerical invariants that measure the complexity of the structure of homogeneous finitely generated modules over polynomial rings. It measures the maximum degrees of generators of the syzygies. In this thesis we study the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity with different points of view and, in some parts, we mainly focus on linear syzygies. In Chapter 2 we study the regularity of Koszul homologies and Koszul cycles of one dimensional quotients. In Chapter 3 we study the weak and strong Lefschetz properties of a class of artinain monomial ideals. We show how the structure of the minimal free resolution could force weak or strong Lefschetz properties. In Chapter 4 and 5we study two different asymptotic behavior of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. In Chapter 4 we work on a quotient of a standard graded Noetherian algebra by homogeneous regular sequence. It is a celebrated result that the regularity of powers of an ideal in a polynomial ring becomes a linear function. In Chapter 5, we study the regularity of powers of dumbbell graphs. In Chapter 6, we work on product of projective spaces. In the begining of this chapter, we present a package for the computer software Macaulay2. Furthermore, we study the cohomologies of the “complete intersections'' in Pn x Pm
4
Agostini, Daniele. "On syzygies of algebraic varieties with applications to moduli." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19415.
Анотація:
Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit asymptotischen Syzygien und Gleichungen Abelscher Varietäten, sowie mit deren Anwendung auf zyklische Überdeckungen von Kurven von Geschlecht zwei.
Was asymptotischen Syzygien angeht, zeigen wir für beliebige Geradenbündel auf projektiven Schemata: Wenn die asymptotischen Syzygien von Grad p eines Geradenbündels verschwinden, dann ist das Geradenbündel p-sehr ampel. Darüber hinaus verwenden wir die Bridgeland-King-Reid-Haiman Korrespondenz, um zu zeigen, dass dieses Ergebnis auch umgekehrt wahr ist, wenn es um eine glatte Fläche und kleine p geht. Dies dehnt Ergebnisse von Ein-Lazarsfeld und Ein-Lazarsfeld-Yang aus. Wir verwenden unsere Ergebnisse, um zu untersuchen, wie Syzygien verwendet werden können, um den Grad der Irrationalität einer Varietät zu begrenzen.
Ferner, beweisen wir eine Vermutung von Gross and Popescu über Abelsche Flächen, deren Ideal durch Quadriken und Kubiken erzeugt wird.
Außerdem verwenden wir die projektive Normalität einer Abelschen Fläche, um die Prym Abbildung, die mit zyklischen Überdeckungen von Geschlecht zwei Kurven assoziert ist, zu untersuchen. Wir zeigen, dass das Differential der Abbildung generisch injektiv ist, wenn der Grad der Überdeckung mindestens sieben ist. Wir dehnen damit Ergebnisse von Lange und Ortega aus. Abschließend zeigen wir, dass das Differential genau für bielliptische Überdeckungen nicht injectiv ist.In this thesis we study asymptotic syzygies of algebraic varieties and equations of abelian surfaces, with applications to cyclic covers of genus two curves. First, we show that vanishing of asymptotic p-th syzygies implies p-very ampleness for line bundles on arbitrary projective schemes. For smooth surfaces we prove that the converse holds, when p is small, by studying the Bridgeland-King-Reid-Haiman correspondence for the Hilbert scheme of points. This extends previous results of Ein-Lazarsfeld and Ein-Lazarsfeld-Yang. As an application of our results, we show how to use syzygies to bound the irrationality of a variety. Furthermore, we confirm a conjecture of Gross and Popescu about abelian surfaces whose ideal is generated by quadrics and cubics. In addition, we use projective normality of abelian surfaces to study the Prym map associated to cyclic covers of genus two curves. We show that the differential of the map is generically injective as soon as the degree of the cover is at least seven, extending a previous result of Lange and Ortega. Moreover, we show that the differentials fails to be injective precisely at bielliptic covers.
5
Lelli-Chiesa, Margherita. "Gieseker-Petri divisors and Brill-Noether theory of K3-sections." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16596.
Анотація:
Diese Dissertation untersucht Brill-Noether-Theorie der algebraischen Kurven, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Kurven auf K3-Flächen und Del-Pezzo-Flächen. In Kapitel 2 studieren wir den Gieseker-Petri-Ort GP_g im Modulraum M_g der glatten irreduziblen Kurven vom Geschlecht g. Dieser Ort wird definiert durch Kurven mit einer Brill-Noether-Varietät G^r_d(C), die singulär ist oder deren Dimension größer als erwartet ist. Der Satz von Gieseker-Petri impliziert, dass GP_g mindestens Kodimension 1 hat, und es wurde vermutet, dass er von reiner Kodimension 1 ist. Wir beweisen diese Vermutung für Geschlecht höchstens 13. Dies wird dadurch ermöglicht, dass man für kleine Geschlechter die Dimension der irreduziblen Komponenten von GP_g mittels "ad hoc"-Beweisführungen untersuchen kann. Lazarsfelds Beweis des Gieseker-Petri-Theorems mittels Kurven auf allgemeninen K3-Flächen deutet darauf hin, dass die Brill-Noether-Theorie von K3-Schnitten wichtig ist, um den Gieseker-Petri-Ort besser zu verstehen. Linearscharen von Kurven, die auf K3-Flächen liegen, stehen in tiefgehender Beziehung zu sogenannten Lazarsfeld-Mukai-Vektorbündeln. In Kapitel 3 untersuchen wir die Stabilität der Lazarsfeld-Mukai-Vektorbündel vom Rang 3 auf einer K3-Fläche S, und wir zeigen, dass sie viele Informationen über Netze vom Typ g^2_d auf Kurven in S enthalten. Wenn d größ genug ist, erhalten wir eine obere Schranke für die Dimension der Varietät G^2_d(C). Wenn die Brill-Noether-Zahl negativ ist, beweisen wir, dass jedes g^2_d in einer von einem Geradenbündel induzierten Linearschar enthalten ist, wie von Donagi und Morrison vermutet wurde. Kapitel 4 befasst sich mit Syzygien einer gegebenen Kurve C, die auf einer Del-Pezzo-Fläche liegt. Wir insbesondere, dass C die Greens Vermutung erfüllt, die impliziert, dass die Existenz gewisser spezieller Linearscharen auf C von den Gleichungen ihrer kanonischen Einbettung abgelesen werden kann.We investigate Brill-Noether theory of algebraic curves, with special emphasis on curves lying on $K3$ surfaces and Del Pezzo surfaces. In Chapter 2, we study the Gieseker-Petri locus GP_g inside the moduli space M_g of smooth, irreducible curves of genus g. This consists, by definition, of curves [C] in M_g such that for some r, d the Brill-Noether variety G^r_d(C), which parametrizes linear series of type g^r_d on C, either is singular or has some components exceeding the expected dimension. The Gieseker-Petri Theorem implies that GP_g has codimension at least 1 in M_g and it has been conjectured that it has pure codimension 1. We prove this conjecture up to genus 13; this is possible since, when the genus is low enough, one is able to determine the irreducible components of GP_g and to study their codimension by "ad hoc" arguments. Lazarsfeld''s proof of the Gieseker-Petri-Theorem by specialization to curves lying on general K3 surfaces suggests the importance of the Brill-Noether theory of K3-sections for a better understanding of the Gieseker-Petri locus. Linear series on curves lying on a K3 surface are deeply related to the so-called Lazarsfeld-Mukai bundles. In Chapter 3, we study the stability of rank-3 Lazarsfeld-Mukai bundles on a K3 surface S, and show it encodes much information about nets of type g^2_d on curves C contained in S. When d is large enough and C is general in its linear system, we obtain a dimensional statement for the variety G^2_d(C). If the Brill-Noether number is negative, we prove that any g^2_d is contained in a linear series which is induced from a line bundle on S, as conjectured by Donagi and Morrison. Chapter 4 concerns syzygies of any given curve C lying on a Del Pezzo surface S. In particular, we prove that C satisfies Green''s Conjecture, which implies that the existence of some special linear series on C can be read off the equations of its canonical embedding.
6
Dohm, Marc. "Implicitisation de surfaces algébriques rationnelles avec la méthode des syzygies." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00294484.
Анотація:
L'implicitisation d'une surface algébrique rationnelle, c'est-à-dire le passage de la paramétrisation à une représentation implicite, est unproblème géométrique classique. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous utilisons la théorie des syzygies pour représenter implicitement une surface par une matrice dont les mineurs de taille maximale ont l'équation implicite comme plus grand diviseur commun. Dans les deux premiers chapitres, nous traitons deux classes de surfaces spéciales pour lesquelles il est toujours possible de construire une matrice carrée qui correspond au résultant d'une μ-base : les surfaces réglées et les surfaces canales. Dans les chapitres suivants, le cas général de surfaces rationnelles paramétrées sur une variété torique de dimension 2 est étudié. Nous montrons qu'une telle matrice peut être construite en n'utilisant que des syzygies linéaires et nous décrivons un algorithme simple et efficace pour son calcul.
7
Bouzeghoub, Mohamed Arezki. "Elimination des syzygies inutiles dans le calcul des bases de Groebner." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376122834.
8
Stewart, Paul Nathan. "Stellar Astrophysics With Cassini: Syzygies, Stardust, and the Sizes Of Stars." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14517.
Анотація:
The Cassini spacecraft has been exploring the complex and fascinating Saturnian system for over a decade. This thesis presents Cassini observations employed for the study of evolved stars. Utilising the on-board near-infrared spectrometer, we demonstrate the recovery of flux calibrated stellar spectra. Data were taken from a publicly-accessible archive, and the overwhelming majority were obtained for various spacecraft engineering and calibration purposes; their application to stellar astrophysics being an opportunistic extension to the mission outcomes. An atlas of stellar spectra has been compiled utilising existing observations acquired to monitor the performance of the instrument. Exploiting archival observations of stars as they are occulted by edges within Saturn’s rings, we demonstrate the recovery of stellar spatial information, specifically angular diameters, and compare these to measurements from ground-based interferometry. High-resolution two-dimensional images of stellar environments are reconstructed by tomographically combining these occultation observations from different edges within the planetary rings. An extensive astrophysical study of the evolved star Mira employing all of these techniques over multiple epochs reveals spectrally dependant molecular shells in its extended atmosphere, and allows for the appraisal of state-of-the-art models which aim to describe the atmospheres of such stars. Finally, the carbon star, IRC+10216 is shown to be embedded in a dynamic shroud of thick dusty circumstellar clouds, challenging existing models of the inner structure of the stellar environment.
9
Sengupta, Indranath. "Betti Numbers, Grobner Basis And Syzygies For Certain Affine Monomial Curves." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/271.
Анотація:
Let e > 3 and mo,... ,me_i be positive integers with gcd(m0,... ,me_i) = 1, which form an almost arithmetic sequence, i.e., some e - 1 of these form an arithmetic progression. We further assume that m0,... ,mc_1 generate F := Σ e-1 I=0 Nmi minimally. Note that any three integers and also any arithmetic progression form an almost arithmetic sequence.
We assume that 0 < m0 < • • • < me-2 form an arithmetic progression and n := mc-i is arbitrary Put p := e - 2. Let K be a field and XQ) ... ,Xj>, Y,T be indeterminates. Let p denote the kernel of the if-algebra homomorphism η: K[XQ, ..., XV) Y) -* K^T], defined by r){Xi) = Tm\.. .η{Xp) = Tmp, η](Y) = Tn. Then, p is the defining ideal for the affine monomial curve C in A^, defined parametrically by Xo = Trr^)...)Xv = T^}Y = T*. Furthermore, p is a homogeneous ideal with respect to the gradation on K[X0)... ,XP,F], given by wt(Z0) = mo, • • •, wt(Xp) = mp, wt(Y) = n. Let 4 := K[XQ> ...,XP) Y)/p denote the coordinate ring of C.
With the assumption ch(K) = 0, in Chapter 1 we have derived an explicit formula for μ(DerK(A)), the minimal number of generators for the A-module DerK(A), the derivation module of A. Furthermore, since type(A) = μ(DerK(A)) — 1 and the last Betti number of A is equal to type(A), we therefore obtain an explicit formula for the last Betti number of A as well
A minimal set of binomial generatorsG for the ideal p had been explicitly constructed by PatiL In Chapter 2, we show that the set G is a Grobner basis with respect to grevlex monomial ordering on K[X0)..., Xp, Y]. As an application of this observation, in Chapter 3 we obtain an explicit minimal free resolution for affine monomial curves in A4K defined by four coprime positive integers mo,.. m3, which form a minimal arithmetic progression.
(Please refer the pdf file forformulas)
10
Sengupta, Indranath. "Betti Numbers, Grobner Basis And Syzygies For Certain Affine Monomial Curves." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/271.
Анотація:
Let e > 3 and mo,... ,me_i be positive integers with gcd(m0,... ,me_i) = 1, which form an almost arithmetic sequence, i.e., some e - 1 of these form an arithmetic progression. We further assume that m0,... ,mc_1 generate F := Σ e-1 I=0 Nmi minimally. Note that any three integers and also any arithmetic progression form an almost arithmetic sequence.
We assume that 0 < m0 < • • • < me-2 form an arithmetic progression and n := mc-i is arbitrary Put p := e - 2. Let K be a field and XQ) ... ,Xj>, Y,T be indeterminates. Let p denote the kernel of the if-algebra homomorphism η: K[XQ, ..., XV) Y) -* K^T], defined by r){Xi) = Tm\.. .η{Xp) = Tmp, η](Y) = Tn. Then, p is the defining ideal for the affine monomial curve C in A^, defined parametrically by Xo = Trr^)...)Xv = T^}Y = T*. Furthermore, p is a homogeneous ideal with respect to the gradation on K[X0)... ,XP,F], given by wt(Z0) = mo, • • •, wt(Xp) = mp, wt(Y) = n. Let 4 := K[XQ> ...,XP) Y)/p denote the coordinate ring of C.
With the assumption ch(K) = 0, in Chapter 1 we have derived an explicit formula for μ(DerK(A)), the minimal number of generators for the A-module DerK(A), the derivation module of A. Furthermore, since type(A) = μ(DerK(A)) — 1 and the last Betti number of A is equal to type(A), we therefore obtain an explicit formula for the last Betti number of A as well
A minimal set of binomial generatorsG for the ideal p had been explicitly constructed by PatiL In Chapter 2, we show that the set G is a Grobner basis with respect to grevlex monomial ordering on K[X0)..., Xp, Y]. As an application of this observation, in Chapter 3 we obtain an explicit minimal free resolution for affine monomial curves in A4K defined by four coprime positive integers mo,.. m3, which form a minimal arithmetic progression.
(Please refer the pdf file forformulas)
11
Byng, James W. "Systematics of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from Africa and the Indian Ocean region." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=215097.
Анотація:
Syzygium Gaertn. is the largest genus in the Myrtaceae family and is infamous in the tropics for its seeming lack of nonvariable characters for delimitation and its long-standing confusion with the large genus Eugenia L. which has resulted in a huge number of synonyms. Regional treatments of the African-Indian Ocean region (continental Africa, Madagascar and the Comoros Islands and the Mascarenes and the Seychelles), in which 66 species have so far been recognised, is presented here. This includes four new combinations, three new names and six species new to science (Syzygium comorensis Byng, Syzygium humbertii Byng, Syzygium labatii Byng, Syzygium mortonianum Byng, Syzygium pyneei Byng, Florens & Baider, and Syzygium rakotonasoloanum Byng). Detailed descriptions, species keys, habitat notes, conservation status, distribution maps, specimens examined, and illustrations and photos are given. Continental Africa harbours the largest number of species (21), followed by Madagascar (19), Mauritius (16), La Réunion (4), Comoros Islands (3), and the Seychelles (1). Phylogenetic relationships of the genus in the African-Indian Ocean region were reconstructed using nuclear (ITS and ETS) and plastid (matk, ndhF and rpl16) sequence data. African-Indian Ocean species form a monophyletic group within the species rich subg. Syzygium and can be broadly divided into four geographical groups. Particular focus was aimed at the Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC complex, where along with sequence data, phenetic analysis of 25 characters from 134 herbarium specimens of the S. guineense complex were analysed. Molecular data suggests that the complex is polyphyletic and several subspecies should be elevated to specific rank but phenetic data shows that morphologically they are difficult to separate without provenance information. Increased sampling of the genus seems to increase resolution of the group and this is illustrated by the near complete sampling of the Mascarene clade. This fully resolved Mascarene clade is divided into two broad groups with morphological characters shaped by their ecological habitats and potential pollinators.
12
Zhao, Yonggan. "Gröbner Bases and Syzygy Modules." TopSCHOLAR®, 1995. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/924.
Анотація:
The theory of Gröbner bases has become a useful tool in computational commutative algebra. In this paper, we outline some basic results, as they are found in [1], including the concepts of terms ordering, multivariable polynomial division, Gröbner bases, Buchberger's algorithm, and syzygy modules. Specially, we present several equivalent definitions for Gröbner bases and prove how to compute a Gröbner basis for an ideal I of A = k[x1, x2, • • • , xn] generated by {fl, f2, • • • , f8} through Buchberger's algorithm. As an application of Gröbner bases, we present a standard method (see [1]) to compute the syzygy module of a set {f1, f2, • • • , f8} of polynomials, illustrated with original examples. Finally, we implement these examples on the computer using the Mathematica package of [4].
13
Smith, Nathan A. "Syzygy Decompositions and Projective Resolutions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37649.
Анотація:
We give a projective resolution of a finite dimensional
K-algebra A over its enveloping
algebra Ae = Aop
à KA. The description
of
this resolution is related to decompositions of
the first syzygy module of A as an Ae module.
Resolutions of right A
modules MA may be obtained by tensoring M
over A with this bimodule resoution. We
describe how to obtain such a resolution when M is simple or when M
is given in the form
of a projective presentation. Computations of
ExtnA(Sv,Sw) for
certain classes of algebras A are
made using these resolutions, and applied to obtain results on global
dimension.Ph. D.
14
Bignalet-Cazalet, Rémi. "Géométrie de la projectivisation des idéaux et applications aux problèmes de birationalité." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK038/document.
Анотація:
Dans cette thèse, nous interprétons géométriquement la torsion de l'algèbre symétrique d'un faisceau d'idéaux I_Z d'un schéma Z défini par n+1 équations dans une variété n-dimensionnelle. Ceci revient à étudier la géométrie de la projectivisation de I_Z. Les applications de ce point de vue concernent en particulier le domaine des transformations birationnelles de l'espace projectif de dimension 3 au sujet duquel nous construisons des transformations birationnelles explicites qui ont le même degré algébrique que leur inverse, le domaine des courbes libres et presque-libres au sujet duquel nous généralisons une caractérisation des courbes libres en étendant les notions de nombre de Milnor et de nombre de Tjurina. Nous abordons aussi le sujet des hypersurfaces homaloides, notre motivation initiale, au sujet duquel nous exhibons en particulier une courbe homaloide de degré 5 en caractéristique 3. La dernière application concerne le calcul de l'inverse d'une transformation birationnelleIn this thesis, we interpret geometrically the torsion of the symmetric algebra of the ideal sheaf I_Z of a scheme Z defined by n+1 equations in an n-dimensional variety. This is equivalent to study the geometry of the projectivization of I_Z. The applications of this point of view concern, in particular, the topic of birational maps of the projective space of dimension 3 for which we construct explicit birational maps that have the same algebraic degree as their inverse, free and nearly-free curves for which we generalise a characterization of free curves by extending the notion of Milnor and Tjurina numbers. We tackle also the topic of homaloidal hypersurfaces, our original motivation, for which we produce in particular a homaloidal curve of degree 5 in characteristic 3. The last application concerns the computation of the inverse of a birational map
15
Steenpaß, Andreas [Verfasser], and Wolfram [Akademischer Betreuer] Decker. "Algorithms in SINGULAR: Parallelization, Syzygies, and Singularities / Andreas Steenpaß. Betreuer: Wolfram Decker." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054636168/34.
16
Silva, Marciéli. "Propagação de jamboleiro [Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels]." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2358.
Анотація:
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels é espécie exótica nativa da Ásia, porém seu cultivo está espalhado em vários países, nos quais inclui-se o Brasil. Apesar de existir poucos plantios comerciais dessa fruteira, ela apresenta inúmeras possibilidades de uso, desde o mercado de frutas frescas até o processamento como compotas, licores, vinagre, geleias, tortas e doces. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar técnicas de propagação visando obter protocolo apropriado para esta espécie. Os experimentos foram feitos no Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal e Unidade de Ensino e Pesquisa Viveiro de Produção de Mudas, da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Câmpus Dois Vizinhos. O armazenamento de sementes de jamboleiro foi realizado nos tempos de 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330 e 360 dias. O armazenamento seguido de hidrocondicionamento foi em temperatura de 25 °C por 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144 e 156 horas. Em ambos, percorrido cada período de tempo, as sementes foram postas para germinar e aos 60 dias avaliaram-se a porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e tempo médio de germinação. Na mini-estaquia testou-se concentrações de ácido indol-butírico (AIB) (0, 2000, 3000 e 4000 mg.L-1) e tipo de estaca (Apical, mediana e basal). No experimento de estaquia testou-se concentrações de AIB (0, 5000 e 10000 mg.L-1) e concentrações de Benzilaminopurina (BAP) (0, 250 e 500 mg.L-1). No segundo experimento de estaquia testou-se técnicas de condicionamento (Ttestemunha, anelamento e alumínio), tempo de condicionamento (40, 60, 80 e 100 dias) e concentrações de AIB (0, 2000 e 4000 mg.L-1). Na alporquia foram empregados tipos de revestimento (papel transparente, papel alumino e plástico preto), concentrações de AIB (0, 2000 e 4000 mg.L-1), presença ou não de algodão e estações do ano. Tanto para mini-estaca, estaquias e alporquia analisaram-se a porcentagem de enraizamento, número de raiz, comprimento das três maiores raízes e presença de calo para alporquia e estaquia. Para o jamboleiro recomendou-se o armazenamento seguido de hidrocondicionamento por até 156 horas, a mini-estaquia mediana e basal sem a aplicação de AIB. E a alporquia foi o método que mais se destacou com maiores valores de enraizamento.Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels is an exotic species native to Asia, but its is cultivated a lot of countries, including Brazil. Although there are few commercial plantations of this fruit tree, it has many possibilities of commercialization, market of fresh fruits to processing such as jams, liqueurs, vinegar, jellies, pies and sweets. The objective of the work was to test propagation techniques in order to obtain an appropriate protocol for this species. The experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Unit of Teaching and Research Nursery, at Federal Technological University of Paraná - Câmpus Dois Vizinhos. The storage of S. cumini seeds was during 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330, 360 days. The storage followed by hydrocondicionamento in temperature of 25 °C during 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144 and 156 hours. The germination percentage, germination speed index and average germination time after 60 days were evaluated, according each time. In the mini-cuttings, indole-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations (0, 2000, 3000, 4000 mg.L-1) and type of cuttings (apical, middle and basal) were tested. In the cutting experiment, IBA concentrations (0, 5000, 10000 mg.L-1) and Benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations (0, 250 and 500 mgL-1) were evaluated. In the second cutting experiment, conditioning techniques (control, ringing and etiolation), conditioning time (40, 60, 80 and 100 days) and IBA concentrations (0, 2000, 4000 mg.L-1) were tested. In the air layering we used types of coating (withoutcolor plastic, aluminum paper and black plastic), IBA concentrations (0, 2000 and 4000 mg.L-1), presence or not of cotton and seasons of the year. In order to evaluate the percentage of rooting, root number, length of the three largest roots, and presence of callus by cuttingFor the S. cumini it was recommended the storage followed by hydrocondicionamento for up to 156 hours, the use of middle and basal minicuttings without the IBA application. The air layering was the technique propagation that it was possible higher rooting values.
17
Botbol, Nicolas. "Implicitization of rational maps." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066266.
Анотація:
Motivated by the interest in computing explicit formulas for resultants and discriminants we focus on the implicitization of hypersurfaces in several contexts. Implicitization means, given a rational map f:A^n-1->A^n, to compute an implicit equation H of the closed image of im(f). This is a classical problem and there are numerous approaches to its solution (cf. SC95 and Co01). However, it turns out that the implicitization problem is computationally difficult. Our approach is based on the use of linear syzygies by means of approximation complexes, following BuJo03, BC05, and Ch06, where they develop the theory for a rational map f:P^n-1->P^n. Approximation complexes were first introduced by Herzog, Simis and Vasconcelos in HSV82 almost 30 years ago. The main obstruction for this approximation complex-based method comes from the bad behaviour of the based locus of f. Thus, it is natural to try different compatifications of A^n-1, that are better suited to the map F, in order to avoid unwanted base points. With this purpose, in this thesis we study toric compactifications T for A^n-1. First, we view T embedded in a projective space. Furthermore, we compactify the codomain inside (P^1)^n, to deal with the case of different denominators in the rational functions defining f. We also approach the implicitization problem considering the toric variety T defined by its Cox ring, without any particular projective embedding. In all this cases, we blow-up the base locus of the map and we approximate the Rees algebra R_IA of this blow-up by the symmetric algebra S_IAMotivés par la recherche de formules explicites pour les résultants et les discriminants, on se concentre sur l'implicitisation des hypersurfaces dans plusieurs contextes. Implicitisation signifie calculer une équation implicite H de l'image fermée \overline\im(f), étant donné une application rationnelle f:A^(n-1)-> A^n. C'est un problème classique et il y a de nombreuses approches (cf. \ SC95 et Co01). Toutefois, il s'avère que le problème d'implicitisation est difficile du point de vue du calcul. Notre approche est basée sur l'utilisation des syzygies linéaires au moyen de complexes d'approximation, en suivant BuJo03, BC05, et Ch06, ou ils développent la théorie pour une application rationnelle f:P^(n-1)-> P^n. Les complexes d'approximation ont d'abord été introduits par Herzog, Simis et Vasconcelos dans HSV il y a presque 30 ans. L'obstruction principale de la méthode des complexes d'approximation vient du mauvais comportement du lieu base de f. Ainsi, il est naturel d'essayer différentes compatifications de A^(n-1), qui sont mieux adaptés à f, afin d'éviter des points base non désirés. A cet effet, dans cette thèse on étudie des compactifications toriques T de A^(n-1). Tout d'abord, on considère T plongée dans un espace projectif. En outre, on compactifie le codomaine dans (1)^n, pour faire face aux cas des dénominateurs différents dans les fonctions rationnelles qui définissent f. On a également abordé le problème implicitisation lorsque la variété torique T est définie par son anneau de Cox, sans un plongement projectif particulier. Dans tous ces cas, on éclate le lieu base de f et on approche l'algèbre de Rees R_IA par l'algèbre symétrique S_IA
18
Campos, Daniella Dias Palombino de. "Extração, purificação e isolamento de antocianinas de jambolão (Syzygium cuminii) e avaliação dos seus efeitos biologicos." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250192.
Анотація:
Orientadores: Adriana Vitorino Rossi, Hiroshi AyoamaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T22:51:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Campos_DaniellaDiasPalombinode_M.pdf: 1626935 bytes, checksum: 0fc5ebffcd6a598e8d00d504e150cec0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: Antocianinas são os principais pigmentos naturais responsáveis pelas colorações vermelha, azul e púrpura de uma grande variedade de flores e frutos e vêm sendo empregadas como corantes alimentícios e indicadores de pH. As antocianinas pertencem à família dos flavonóides, compostos polifenólicos cujas propriedades biológicas vem sendo extensamente descritas na literatura. Apesar da abundância de antocianinas na natureza, padrões comerciais apresentam custo elevado e disponibilidade escassa. Este trabalho teve como objetivo otimizar procedimentos de extração, identificação (por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência), purificação (emprego de extração em fase sólida) e isolamento (cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência) de antocianinas extraídas de jambolão (Syzygium cuminii), fruto tipicamente encontrado no Brasil, para a realização de testes biológicos. Os extratos com concentração de antocianinas totais igual a 0,8±0,2 g L (1,7±0,4 mmol L), foram obtidos por imersão das cascas de jambolão em água na proporção 1:3 (m/v), identificando-se delfinifina-3-glicosídeo, cianidina-3-galactosídeo, petunidina-3-galactosídeo e pelargonidina-3- arabinosídeo. Nos ensaios in vitro, extrato purificado de antocianinas 400 mmol L promoveu cerca de 90% de morte celular em cultura de células da linhagem da leucemia mielóide humana (HL60) e apenas 20% de morte de células sadias. Nos ensaios in vivo, camundongos foram injetados com extrato antociânico purificado 20 mmol L (cada animal recebeu o equivalente a 10 mg de antocianina por kg corpóreo). Testou-se a influência das antocianinas na atividade de enzimas fosfatases de plasma sanguíneo, rim e fígado destes animais, verificando-se alteração nas atividades destas enzimas. As alterações mais significativas foram observadas no plasma sanguíneo, onde as fosfatases ácida total (FAT) e de baixa massa molecular relativa (FABMr) foram inibidas em 50 % e 70 % respectivamente
Abstract: Anthocyanins, the natural pigments chiefly responsible for red, blue and purple hues in a great range of flowers and fruit, are used as food dye and pH indicators. Anthocyanins are a member of the family of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds whose biological properties have been extensively described in literature. Even though anthocyanins are plentiful in nature, standard commercial anthocyanin have high cost and are produced by very few industries. This work was aimed at optimizing extraction procedures and identification (by High Performance Liquid Chromatography - HPLC and paper chromatography methods), purification (by solid phase extraction) and isolation (by HPLC) methods of anthocyanins extracted from Syzygium cuminii (a fruit readily found in Brazil), so as to conduct biological tests. Anthocyanin extracts with total concentrations of 0.8±0.2 g L (1.7±0.4 mmol L), were obtained by immersion of Syzygium cuminii skin in water, at the proportion (1:3, w/v). Delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-galactoside, petunidin-3-galactoside and pelargonidin-3- arabinoside were identified. In in vitro tests, the purified anthocyanin extract (400 mmol L) killed around 90% of the human myleoid leukemia cells (HL60) in a culture, whereas it only killed 20% of the cells from a healthy culture. As for in vivo tests, mice received injections of purified anthocyanin extract 20 mmol L (each animal received a dose equivalent to 10 mg of anthocyanin extract per kg of body weight). Tests were conducted to assess the influence of anthocyanins over the activity of phosphatase enzymes in plasma, kidney and liver of the animals. Enzyme activity was effectively altered by anthocyanin extract injections, and the most significant alterations were observed in plasma, where enzymatic activity of total acid phosphatase (TAP) and low relative molecular weight phosphatase (LMW-PTP) were inhibited by 50% and 70%, respectively
Mestrado
Quimica Analitica
Mestre em Química
19
Macías, Marques Pedro. "Stability and moduli spaces of syzygy bundles." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669.
Анотація:
To determine whether a syzygy bundle on PN is stable, or semistable, is a long-standing problem in algebraic geometry. It is closely related to the problem of finding the Hilbert function and the minimal free resolution of the coordinate ring of the variety defined by a family of general homogeneous polynomials f1, . . . , fn in K[X0, . . . ,XN]. This problem goes back at least to the eighties, when Fröberg addresses it in his paper, to find a lower estimate for the Hilbert series of such a ring in terms of the degrees of f1, . . . , fn. In this thesis we consider the case of syzygy bundles defined by general forms f1, . . . , fn of the same degree d, and prove their stability and unobstructedness for N ≥ 2, except for the case (N, d, n) = (2, 2, 5), where only semistability is guaranteed. To this end, we focus on the case of monomials and derive consequences for general forms from here. The main goal of this work is therefore to give a complete answer to the following problem: Does there exist for every d and every n ≤ (d+N / N) a family of n monomials in K [X0, . . . ,XN] of degree d such that their syzygy bundle is semistable?
Determinar si un fibrat de sizígies sobre P(N) és estable, o semiestable, és un problema amb una llarga història en geometria algebraica. Està estretament relacionat amb el problema de trobar la resolució lliure minimal de l'anell de coordenades de la varietat definida per una família de polinomis homogenis genèrics f(1), . . . , f(n) en K[X0, . . . ,XN]. Aquest problema data almenys dels anys vuitanta, quan Fröberg l'estudia al seu article i troba una estimació per a un minorant de la sèrie de Hilbert d'aquell anell en termes dels graus dels polinomis f(1), . . . , f(n).
En aquesta tesi, considerem el cas de fibrats de sizígies definits per formes genèriques f(1), . . . , f(n) d'un mateix grau "d", i demostrem la seva estabilitat i no obstrucció per a N ≥ 2, excepte en el cas (N, d, n) = (2, 2, 5), on només la semiestabilitat està garantida. Per dur a terme aquesta tasca, ens restringirme primer al cas de monomis i en traurem conseqüències per al cas de formes genèriques. Per això, l'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi és donar una resposta completa al problema següent: "Existeix per a cada d i cada n ≤ (d+N / N) una família de n monomis en K [X0, . . . ,XN] de grau "d" tal que el seu fibrat de sizígies és semiestable?
20
Kaid, Almar Alaa. "On semistable and strongly semistable syzygy bundles." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538073.
21
Donatini, Raquel dos Santos. "Estudo farmacognóstico e farmacológico de Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9138/tde-26112008-110755/.
Анотація:
O jambeiro (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston) constitui uma das diversas espécies frutíferas e medicinais pertencentes à família Myrtaceae. Popularmente, são atribuídas ao jambo propriedades antidiabética, antitussígena e contra dores de cabeça. A caracterização farmacobotânica da droga constituída de folhas foi realizada através de análise macro e microscópica, buscando características peculiares com objetivo de contribuir na identificação da droga vegetal. A triagem fitoquímica da droga indicou a presença de flavonóides, taninos e óleo volátil. O extrato hidroetanólico a 70%, obtido através de percolação, foi concentrado e liofilizado. O teor de taninos verificado na droga e no extrato foi de 21,9% e 43,3%, respectivamente. A droga apresentou 0,6% de flavonóides totais e o extrato, 1,2%. O extrato foi fracionado por solventes de polaridades diferentes (clorofórmio, acetato de etila, etanol e etanol a 50%). O perfil cromatográfico foi determinado para o extrato e frações. A toxicidade aguda foi avaliada através da administração oral do extrato a camundongos, em dose única de 5 g/kg. Como houve mortes, foi determinada a DL50 através da administração de 5 doses crescentes de extrato. O valor de DL50 encontrado foi de 4,68 g/kg. A atividade antimicrobiana do extrato foi avaliada através da determinação de concentração mínima inibitória (CMI) pelo método de diluição em meio líquido em tubos. Os microrganismos utilizados foram S. aureus, E. coli, A. niger e C. albicans. O extrato mostrou-se eficaz apenas contra S. aureus, apresentando CMI entre 200 e 300 µg/mL. A avaliação da atividade antiúlcera do extrato e das frações foi realizada através de indução aguda por etanol acidificado. O extrato, administrado na dose de 400 mg/kg, apresentou resultados extremamente significativos nas ulcerações de nível III (hemorrágicas). As frações etanólica e clorofórmica mostraram-se efetivas nas ulcerações de nível II e III. A atividade antioxidante foi testada através da medida da velocidade de produção de malonildialdeído na lipoperoxidação espontânea de homogenato de cérebro de ratos. O extrato de S. jambos apresentou Q1/2=0,165 µg/mL.Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston, Myrtaceae, is commonly employed in folk medicine to treat diabetes, cough and headaches. Dried leaves were morphologic and anatomically studied. Phytochemical screening of the powdered dried leaves indicates the presence of flavonoids, tannins and essential Gil. Hydroethanolic extracts (70%) were prepared by percolation and freeze-drying. The tannin content of dried leaves and extract was, respectively, 21,9% and 43,3%. The flavanoid content was 0,6% (dried leaves) and 1,2% (extract). Acute toxicity studies were performed afier oral administration of the leaf extract to mice, at a dose of 5 g/kg. The LD50 value for the extract (oral administration of five different doses) was 4,68 g/kg. The dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of S. jambos extract against Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli strain ATCC 10536, Candida albicans strain ATCC 10231, Aspergillus niger strain ATCC 16404. Hydroethanolic extract of leaves of S. jambos inhibited the growth of S. aureus (200 < MIC < 300 µg/mL), but had no activity against E. coli, A. niger and C. albicans at 1000 µg/mL. Previous oral administration of S. jambos extract (400 mg/kg) reduced significantly gastric injury induced by HCl/ethanol. In vitro antioxidant activity of S. jambos extract was evaluated by malondialdehyde (MOA) measure in a method based on the inhibition of spontaneous lipid peroxidation of brain homogenates. The Q1/2 value for the extract was 0,165µg/mL.
22
Pasquale, Raquel Donatini De. "Atividades antiúlcera e antioxidante de Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9138/tde-04112016-160627/.
Анотація:
O jambeiro (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston) constitui uma das diversas espécies frutíferas e medicinais pertencentes à família Myrtaceae. O extrato hidroetanólico a 70% liofilizado de folhas de S. jambos apresentou atividade dose-dependente em modelo de úlcera gástrica induzida por etanol acidificado, sendo que a dose de 400 mg/kg reduziu significativamente a Área Total de Lesão (81,64%) e a Área Relativa de Lesão (65,11 %), em comparação ao grupo controle. Nesta dose, o extrato apresentou-se mais eficaz que o fármaco empregado como referência (lansoprazol 30 mg/kg). No modelo de indução de úlcera gástrica por ácido acético, o extrato (400 mg/kg) não apresentou resultados significativos na cura das lesões. A atividade antioxidante do mesmo extrato e de quatro frações foi avaliada através da medida da capacidade seqüestrante de radicais 1,1-difenil-2-picrilidrazila. O extrato hidroetanólico a 70% liofilizado apresentou CE50 de 5,36 ± 0,06 µg/mL, valor comparável ao do Trolox (CE50 =4,98 ± 0,04 µg/mL) , substância antioxidante de referência. As frações clorofórmica, acetato de etila, etanólica e hidroetanólica a 50% apresentaram CEso de, respectivamente, 64,06 ± 0,68 µg/mL, 19,02 ± 0,22 µg/mL, 6,89 ± 0,12 µg/mL e 8,47 ± 0,05 µg/mL. Da fração clorofórmica do extrato foi isolado o triterpeno ácido ursólico. Na avaliação da toxicidade subcrônica através da administração oral a ratos Wistar, durante 30 dias, de três diferentes doses do extrato (400, 1000 e 2500 mg/kg), não foram observados sinais clínicos de toxicidade. As análises macroscópica e microscópica dos órgãos não mostraram alterações dignas de nota para nenhuma das doses empregadas. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos resultados das análises bioquímicas do sangue dos animais. Os resultados revelam o potencial do extrato no tratamento de úlceras gástricas, sendo necessários estudos mais aprofundados do mecanismo de ação desta atividade, bem como de toxicidade crônica.Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston is one of the species of Myrtaceae with medicinal properties. The dried 70% hydroethanolic extract of the leaves showed a doseresponse effect in ethanol/HCI-induced ulcers, significantly decreasing the total lesion area (81,64%) and relative lesion area (65,11 %) compared to control group. At this dose the extract was more effective than lansoprazol (30 mg/kg), used as reference drug. The same extract at 400 mg/kg was not effective on healing acetic acid-induced ulcers. Antioxidant activity of S. jambos extract and four fractions was measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging ability. The EC50 value for the extract was 5,36 ± 0,06 µg/mL, while Trolox, antioxidant substance of reference, showed EC50 of 4,98 ± 0,04 µg/mL. The tested fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and 50% ethanol) showed EC50 of 64,06 ± 0,68 µg/mL, 19,02 ± 0,22 µg/mL, 6,89 ± 0,12 µg/mL e 8,47 ± 0,05 µg/mL, respectively. Ursolic acid was identified in the chloroformic fraction of the extract. Subchronic toxicity studies were performed by oral administration of the leaf extract to rats, during 30 days, at three different doses (400, 1000 and 2500 mg/kg). The extract did not show any clinicai sign of toxicity. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the organs demonstrated no alterations for the three doses tested. There were no statistically differences between results of biochemical analysis of blood. These results show the potential of the extract in treatment of gastric ulcer, although more studies of mechanism of action and chronic toxicity are necessary.
23
Ruggiero, Andrea de Andrade. "Estudo farmacognóstico do jambolão Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Myrtaceae." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9138/tde-27022015-095201/.
Анотація:
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) encontra uso na medicina tradicional como hipoglicemiante. Folhas mostram emprego adicional , no tratamento de úlceras pépticas, diarréias e hemorróidas. A dissertação apresenta descrições macro e microscópicas das folhas, acompanhadas de fotografias. Teores de flavonóides, saponinas e taninos foram determinados no extrato hidroetanólico liofilizado e na droga coletada no verão e outono. O óleo volátil foi analisado. O extrato foi avaliado quanto à atividade antimicrobiana, antioxidante e toxicidade aguda. Os flavonóides (0,53%-0,62%), saponinas (4,22%-8,64%) e taninos (3,47-4,15%) apresentaram teores elevados no outono. No extrato, teores de flavonóides: saponinas e taninos foram de 2,19%, 10,92% e 13.97%, respectivamente.α-pineno, α-terpineol, β-pineno e limoneno foram os componentes majoritários do óleo. O extrato não revelou sinais de toxicidade aguda, e não apresentou atividade contra bactérias e fungos até 1.000µ-g/mL. O extrato apresentou atividade antioxidante. Os dados obtidos contribuem para melhor conhecimento da espécie e no controle de qualidade.Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) is a hipoglycemic in folk medicine. Its leaves are also used as anti-ulcer, anti-diarrheic and antihemorrhoid. This work brings macro and microscopic descriptions of the leaves, with photos. Flavonoids, saponins and tannins contents were determinated in the liophylizated hydroethanolic extract and in the drug collected in summer and falI. The volatile oil was analysed. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and the acute toxicity were avaliated . The flavonoids (0.53%-0.62%), saponins (4 .22%-8.64%) and tannins (3.47%-4-15%) showed their highest values in the fall sample. The contents of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract were, 2.19%, 10.92% and 13.97%, respectively. α-pinene, α-terpineol, β and limonene were the major constituents of the oil. The extract showed no signs of acute toxicity nor was it active against bacteria and funghi up to 1,000µg/mL . The extract showed antioxidant activity. These data contribute for a better knowledge of the specie and quality control.
24
Barcia, Milene Teixeira. "Composição centesimal e de fitoquímicos em jambolão (Syzygium cumini)." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2009. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1306.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:42:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Dissertacao_Milene_Teixeira_Barcia.pdf: 1315431 bytes, checksum: 076c98a13af9fd70d5553f28c620d0ff (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-09-01The jambolanum is a tree originating from India and Indonesia, belonging to the family of Mirtaceas. The tree bears fruit during January to May in several Brazilian states. The fruit are small, purpleand involves a single core. The taste of jambolanum not stand out so much because the astringency of the fruit. The consumption of tropical fruit is growing in the last years due to the appeal of nutritional and therapeutic effects. These fruits contain different phytochemicals, many of these exhibit antioxidant properties, especially the tocopherols, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, because its property of reacting with free radicals. Among the phenolic compounds there are the flavonoids that chemically, include anthocyanins and flavonols. Practically do not know the chemical composition of jambolanum because; therefore, the knowledge of some of its components is important to predict the feasibility of their use as in natura foods and as raw material for the production of other products. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the fruits of jambolanum collected from three cities in the southern state of RS. The experiment consists of three trees in three different cities of the southern of RS(Santa Vitória do Palmar, Pelotas and Capão of Leão), and its was analyzed for chemical and phytochemical compositiont.By the results it was found that the jambolanum fruit shows the chemical composition similar to other fruits, presenting low amount of ash, proteins, pectin and fiber. The moistureand sugar content and pH is characteristic of citrus fruit; however, the fruit showed higher soluble solids content. The Jambolanum fruit presents low tocopherols and ascorbic acid content, but it showed a high content of tannins and phenol compounds.
O jambolão é uma árvore originária da Índia e Indonésia, pertencente à família das Mirtáceas. Frutifica nos meses de janeiro a maio, em diversos estados do Brasil. Os frutos são pequenos, de coloração roxa e envolve um caroço único. O sabor do jambolão não se destaca muito devido a adstringência da fruta. O consumo de frutas tropicais vem aumentando nos últimos anos devido ao apelo pelo seu valor nutritivo e aos efeitos terapêuticos. Estas frutas contêm diferentes fitoquímicos, muitos destes exibem propriedades antioxidantes, com destaque para os tocoferóis, carotenóides e compostos fenólicos, devido suas propriedades de reagir com os radicais livres presentes. Dentre os compostos fenólicos destacam-se os flavonóides que quimicamente, englobam as antocianinas e os flavonóis. Praticamente não se conhece a composição química do jambolão, devido a isto, o conhecimento de alguns de seus componentes se faz importante, para prever a viabilidade de sua utilização como alimento in natura e como matéria prima para a elaboração de outros produtos. Este estudo apresentou como objetivo avaliar a composição química das frutas de jambolão colhidas de diferentes plantas de três cidades da Região Sul do estado do RS. O experimento consta de frutas oriundas de três árvores distintas em três cidades do Sul do estado (Santa Vitória do Palmar, Pelotas e Capão do Leão), sendo avaliadas quanto a composição química e ao teor de fitoquímicos. Pelos resultados observa-se que o jambolão apresenta composição química similar a outras frutas características da região, apresentando baixo conteúdo em cinzas, proteínas, pectina e de fibras. O teor de umidade, açúcares e pH é característico de frutas cítricas, no entanto, com um teor superior em sólidos solúveis. A fruta apresenta baixo conteúdo em tocoferóis e ácido ascórbico, porém apresenta um alto teor de taninos e de compostos fenólicos.
25
ARAÚJO, Luciares Costa de. "Otimização da desidratação osmotica do jambo-vermelho (Syzygium malaccense)." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2009. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5086.
Анотація:
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-07-26T15:42:18Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Luciares Costa Araujo.pdf: 619430 bytes, checksum: 20d364c86c266f0aa90f150f260eb543 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-26T15:42:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciares Costa Araujo.pdf: 619430 bytes, checksum: 20d364c86c266f0aa90f150f260eb543 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-25
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
To reduce post-harvest losses and diversify the industrial use of red-iamb (Syzygium malaccensis) was used the process of osmotic dehydration using a 2 ³factorial experimental design complete, having as independent variables:temperature (20 º to 70 º C), concentration of sucrose (16 ° Brix to 84 Brix) and immersion time (1.3 to 4.7 h), and dependent: loss of moisture (PU) and weight (PP),solid gain (SG) and the index of efficiency of dehydration (DEI). The results demonstrated the significant influence of all independent variables on all dependent, emphasizing that the concentration of osmotic solution temperature and had a greater influence on the PU and PP. The tests selected were 6 and 14. The test had14 more notes attribute the overall quality and compliance with the microbiological standards, thus providing a good alternative to preserve the iamb and diversify its supply.
Para reduzir as perdas pós- colheita e diversificar o aproveitamento industrial, do jambo-vermelho (Syzygium malaccense) foi utilizado o processo de desidratação osmótica através de um planejamento experimental fatorial 2³ completo, tendo como variáveis independentes: temperatura (20º a 70ºC), concentração da sacarose (16º Brix a 84º Brix) e tempo de imersão (1,3 a 4,7h), e dependentes: perda de umidade (PU) e de peso (PP), ganho de sólido (GS) e o índice de eficiência da desidratação (DEI). Os resultados demonstraram a influência significativa de todas as variáveis independentes sobre todas as dependentes, salientando que a concentração da solução osmótica e temperatura tiveram maior influencia sobre a PU e PP. Osensaios selecionados foram 6 e 14. O ensaio 14 apresentou maiores notas no atributo qualidade global e conformidade com os padrões microbiológicos,constituindo assim uma boa alternativa para conservar o jambo e diversificar a sua oferta.
26
Abdallah, Nancy. "Cohomologie des courbes planes algébriques." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064511.
Анотація:
On décrit dans cette thèse les dimensions des groupes quotients gradués associés à la cohomologie du complémentaire d'une courbe plane par rapport à la filtration de Hodge en fonction de certains invariants géométriques. Le cas des courbes à singularités ordinaires est détaillé. En particulier, on trouve le polynôme de Hodge-Deligne d'une courbe C quelconque à singularités isolées et celui de son complémentaire duquel on déduit les nombres de Hodge mixtes ainsi que les nombres de Betti correspondants. Dans le cas des courbes dont les singularités sont des nœuds et des points triples ordinaires, on donne des relations importantes avec l'algèbre de Milnor du polynôme homogène f qui définit C, les syzygies de l'idéal Jacobien de f et la filtration par l'ordre de pôle du groupe cohomologique d'ordre 2 du complémentaire de la courbe.
27
Yildirim, Fatma Nur. "Représentations matricielles des fibres finies d’applications rationnelles et problèmes de distances." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4004.
Анотація:
Dans cette thèse, de nouvelles représentations matricielles des fibres finies d'applications rationnelles sont introduites et étudiées d'un point de vue théorique mais aussi pratique avec l'objectif de traiter des problèmes de distances, notamment les deux problèmes suivant : l'implicitisation des courbes rationnnelles algébriques en dimension arbitraire et la détermination des projetés orthogonaux d'un point sur une surface rationnelle algébrique en dimension trois. Les noyaux à gauche de ces représentations matrices, après évaluation en un point p de l'espace ambiant sont reliés aux pré-images du point p par l'application rationnelle considérée. De plus, ces matrices peuvent être pré-calculées et les pré-images d'un point p peuvent être calculées approximativement de manière efficace et robuste grâce aux outils d'algèbre linéaire. Dans le deuxième chapitre, une nouvelle famille des représentations matricielles est proposée pour les courbes algébriques rationnelles. Elle est basée sur le concept de "quadriques mobiles" associées aux courbes parametrées. Elle fournit une extension non linéaire des représentations matricielles qui sont obtenues au moyen du concept plus classique de "plans mobiles" associés à une paramétrisation. Ces matrices fournissent ainsi de nouvelles représentations implicites plus compactes pour les courbes rationnelles algébriques. Leurs entrées sont composées de formes linéaires et quadratiques en les variables de l'espace ambiant et leur rang chute exactement sur la courbe considérée. De plus, pour une courbe rationnelle générale de degré d ces nouvelles matrices sont deux fois plus petites en taille que les matrices, plus classiques, qui n'utilisent que des plans mobiles, et donc dont les entrées sont exclusivement composées de formes linéaires. Dans le troisième chapitre, le calcul des projetés orthogonaux d'un point sur une surface rationnelle algébrique dans l'espace projectif de dimension trois est étudié comme un problème d'inversion, plus précisément comme le calcul des fibre finies d'applications rationnelles génériquement finies et dominantes : les congruences des droites normales à une surface algébrique rationnelle. Une analyse fine des modules de relations (syzygies) associés à ces congruences est tout d'abord menée, puis utilisée pour construire des matrices eliminantes qui fournissent des représentations universelles de ces fibres finies. De plus, ces matrices dependent linéairement des variables de l'espace ambiant de dimension trois et elles peuvent être pré-calculées pour une surface algébrique rationnelle donnée. Enfin, l'appendice de cette thèse décrit les résultats obtenus lors d'un séjour de recherche mené chez le partenaire industriel Missler Software. Deux problèmes de distance en dimension trois ont été étudiés : le calcul de la distance entre un cercle et une droite puis le calcul de la distance entre un arc de cercle et un segment de droiteIn this thesis, implicit matrix-based representations of finite fibers of rational maps are studied theoretically and computationally for two problems: implicitization of rational algebraic curves in arbitrary dimension and orthogonal projections of a point onto an rational algebraic surface in three dimensional space. The proposed matrices have the property that their cokernels at a given point p in the target space of the rational map are in relation with the pre-images of the p via this rational map. In addition, these matrices can be pre-computed so that the pre-images of such a point p can be approximately computed by means of fast and robust numerical linear algebra tools. In the second chapter, a new family of implicit matrix representations is introduced for algebraic curves. It relies on the use of moving quadrics following curve parameterizations and provides a high-order extension of the implicit matrix representations built from their linear counterparts, the moving planes. Such matrices offer new, more compact, implicit representations of rational curves. Their entries are filled by linear and quadratic forms in the space variables and their ranks drop exactly on the curve. Typically, for a general rational curve of degree d we obtain a matrix whose size is half of the size of the corresponding matrix obtained with the moving planes method. In the third chapter, the problem of computing the orthogonal projections of a point onto a rational algebraic surface embedded in three dimensional projective space is turned into the problem of computing the finite fibers of a generically finite dominant rational map: a congruence of normal lines to the rational surface. Then, an in-depth study of certain syzygy modules associated to such a congruence is presented and applied to build elimination matrices that provide universal representations of its finite fibers, under some genericity assumptions. Moreover, these matrices depend linearly in the variables of the three dimensional space and can be pre-computed for a given rational surface. Lastly, the appendix of this thesis reports on a three-month industrial secondment at the company Missler Software where two distance problems are treated : distance between a circle and a line in 3D and distance between an arc of a circle and a segment of a line in three dimensional space
28
Turatti, Ketylin Fernanda Migliato. "Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels : avaliação da qualidade, estudo morfo-anatômico, estudo da atividade antimicrobiana, conservante, genotóxica, mutagênica, citotóxica e incorporação em formulações cosméticas para uso tópico /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100091.
Анотація:
Resumo: A necessidade da introdução de novos princípios ativos naturais no arsenal farmacêutico e/ou cosmético tem sido pesquisado, devido ao aparecimento de formas bacterianas resistentes, decorrentes, principalmente, do uso indiscriminado de agentes antimicrobianos, que possam ser utilizados como anti-sépticos ou como conservantes de preparações farmacêuticas ou cosméticas. Dentro disto foi realizado o estudo da atividade antimicrobiana com o extrato seco dos frutos de Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae), fundamentado com os usos populares descritos para este vegetal, popularmente conhecido, no Brasil, como jambolão, jamelão ou azeitona-roxa. Para garantir-se a autenticidade da droga vegetal, realizou-se estudo morfo-anatômico do material colhido. O extrato vegetal foi preparado pelo método da percolação, utilizando como solvente etanol: água (50:50). Após validação de metodologia para o doseamento do extrato, foram realizados ensaios de citotoxicidade, mutagenicidade, genotoxicidade, avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e possível emprego como conservante após sua aplicação em preparações para uso externo: sabonete líquido, gel com polímero sintético e emulsão não-iônica. O estudo morfo-anatômico identificou glândulas secretoras de óleos essenciais, drusas e idioblastos tânicos, característicos da família Myrtaceae. O método espectrofotométrico foi validado para análise quantitativa do extrato produzido, garantindo confiabilidade aos resultados obtidos. O estudo de citotoxicidade apresentou índice de morte celular IC50 na concentração de 400,0 μg/mL do extrato de S. cumini. A freqüência de micronúcleos, em células da medula óssea de camundongos, não demonstrou efeito mutagênico em 24 e 48 horas após administração do extrato seco dos frutos de S. cumini.Abstract: The need for introducing new active principles to the pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic arsenal has been researched, due to the surge of resistant bacterial forms, stemming basically from the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents. The interest in obtaining new material with antimicrobial activity that can be used as antiseptics or as preservatives for pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparations led to a study on antimicrobial activity with the dry extracts of the fruit from Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae). Such an interest is directly related to the popular uses of this plant, popularly known in Brazil as jambolão, jamelão or black plum. To assure the authenticity of the vegetable drug, a morpho-anatomical study has been performed on the material collected. The extract was prepared by percolation method, using ethanol:water (50:50) as a solvent. After validating the methodology for determining dosage extract, tests have been performed for citotoxicity, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, evaluation of antimicrobial activity and possible use as a preservative after its application in preparations for external use: liquid soap, gel with synthetic polymer and non-ionic emulsion. The morpho-anatomical study identified secretion glands of essential oils, druses and tannic idioblasts, characteristic of the Myrtaceae family. The spectrophotometric method was validated for quantitative analysis of the extract produced. The citotocixity study showed a cell death index of IC50 in the concentration of 400.0 μg/mL of the S. cumini extract. The frequency of micronuclei, in bone marrow cells in mice, did not show mutagenicity effect at 24 and 48 hours after administration of dry extract of fruit from S. cumini. The test for micronucleus in T. pallida, performed for evaluation of the mutagenicity showed a mutagenic effect in the concentrations of 1250.0 and 2500.0 μg/mL.
Orientador: Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Coorientador: Marcos Antônio Corrêa
Banca: Maria Valéria Robles Velasco
Banca: Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas
Banca: Raquel Regina Duarte Moreira
Banca: Maria Virginia Costa Scarpa
Doutor
29
AMÉRICO, Gilciane Vergolino. "Otimização da pasteurização da polpa de jambolão (Syzygium cumini lamarck)." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/8962.
Анотація:
Submitted by Hellen Luz (hellencrisluz@gmail.com) on 2017-08-03T17:19:11Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Dissertacao_OtimizacaoPasteurizacaoPolpa.pdf: 1122924 bytes, checksum: 3811ef3063d86a895aa64ce55252c5ee (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Irvana Coutinho (irvana@ufpa.br) on 2017-08-04T14:55:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_OtimizacaoPasteurizacaoPolpa.pdf: 1122924 bytes, checksum: 3811ef3063d86a895aa64ce55252c5ee (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-04T14:55:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_OtimizacaoPasteurizacaoPolpa.pdf: 1122924 bytes, checksum: 3811ef3063d86a895aa64ce55252c5ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-21
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Os frutos de Syzygium cumini Lamarck, conhecido popularmente como jambolão, são fontes de antocianinas e antioxidantes. Este estudo teve como objetivo otimizar a pasteurização na polpa de jambolão, visando a inativação enzimática, a retenção dos compostos bioativos e da atividade antioxidante. Foram realizadas analises físicas do fruto de jambolão: comprimento transversal (2,49 cm), comprimento longitudinal (1,68 cm) e rendimento percentual (57,22 %); e físico-químicas da polpa de jambolão: umidade (89,43 %) cinzas (0,27 %), lipídios (0,23 %), proteínas (0,72 %), acidez (5,99 % ac. cítrico), sólidos solúveis (9,17 °Brix), pH (3,34), fenólicos totais (182,01 mgEAG.100g-1), antocianinas totais (93,56 mg.100g-1) e atividade antioxidante pelo método DPPH (EC50=4.552,26 g/gDPPH) e ABTS (18,48 μMTrolox/g). Devido à resistência ao escoamento apresentada pela polpa de jambolão nas tubulações do pasteurizador, a polpa foi diluída e enquadrada na legislação vigente (Brasil, 2003) para suco tropical. Para o processo de pasteurização no suco tropical de jambolão foi utilizado um planejamento composto central (2²), adotadas como variáveis independentes: temperatura (°C) e tempo (s); e como variáveis de respostas: fenólicos totais, antocianinas totais, atividade antioxidante (DPPH e ABTS) e atividade enzimática (POD e PFO). Houve a completa inativação das enzimas no suco tropical de jambolão pasteurizado, exceto no tratamento com 85°C/39s para atividade da POD. As variáveis independentes e a interação das mesmas não influenciaram de maneira significativa ao nível de 95% de confiança os resultados obtidos para geração de modelos preditivos das características avaliadas, com exceção para o teor de fenólicos totais. A melhor condição para obter a máxima retenção dos compostos analisados e a completa inativação das enzimas foi 92°C/ 70s no suco tropical de jambolão pasteurizado.
The Syzygium cumini Lamarck fruits, popular known as jambolan, are a source of anthocyanin and antioxidant. This study aimed to optimize the thermic pasteurization of the jambolan pulp, with the purpose to inactivate the enzymes, the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity retention. Physical analyses: transverse length (2,49cm), longitudinal length (1,68cm) and percent yield (57,22%); and physicochemical: moisture (89.43%) ash (0.27%), lipid (0.23%), protein (0.72%), acidity (5.99% citric ac.), soluble solids (9,17 ° Brix), pH (3.34), total phenolic (182.01 mgGAE.100g-1), total anthocyanin (93.56 mg.100g-1) and antioxidant activity by DPPH method (EC50 = 4552.26 g / gDPPH) and ABTS (18,48 μMTrolox / g) were performed. Due to a resistance while trying to flow the jambolan pulp in the pasteurizer pipes, the pulp was diluted and complied with the national legislation (Brasil, 2003) for tropical juice. The methodology used was a central composite design (2²), using as independent variables: temperature (°C) and time (s), and as response variables: total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanin, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) and enzymatic activity (POD and PPO). The enzymes of the jambolan tropical juice were completely inactivated, except for POD in the test treated with 85ºC/39sec. The independent variables and the interaction of them didn’t influence significantly at 95% of confidence level in the results obtained to generate predictive models of the characteristics evaluated, except for the total phenolic content. The best condition to obtain a maximum retention of the compounds analyzed and the complete inactivation of the enzymes was the temperature 92ºC and time 70sec for tropical juice of jambolan which was pasteurized.
30
Sagraloff, Michael [Verfasser], and Frank-Olaf [Akademischer Betreuer] Schreyer. "Special linear series and syzygies of canonical curves of genus 9 / Michael Sagraloff. Betreuer: Frank-Olaf Schreyer." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1051325900/34.
31
Therrien, Philippe. "La règle des syzygies et le dualisme dans les Homélies et les Reconnaissances pseudo-clémentines : études littéraires." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27233.
Анотація:
Les Homélies et les Reconnaissances du Pseudo-Clément, aussi appelées Pseudo-Clémentines, sont des témoins privilégiés du foisonnement intellectuel et théologique des premiers siècles chrétiens. Alors que la recherche moderne a longtemps tenté de déterminer les différentes étapes de leur constitution (ne posant pour seule conclusion certaine que l’existence d’un « Écrit de base » à leur origine), le présent mémoire offre une enquête littéraire qui permettra de situer l’état final des Pseudo-Clémentines dans leur contexte rédaction, en établissant comment elles dialoguent avec les principaux groupes religieux de leur milieu (chrétiens, judéo-chrétiens, juifs, gnostiques et païens). Dans ce cadre, cette étude définit le dualisme pseudo-clémentin selon ses quatre aspects : la règle de syzygies ou des couples antagonistes, qui veut que tout, dans la création, soit organisé par Dieu en couples opposés ; les prophéties masculine et féminine, dont la première apporte la vérité alors que la seconde apporte le mensonge ; la doctrine des deux rois, dont l’un, qui est bon, gouverne le royaume du monde à venir, alors que l’autre, qui est mauvais, règne sur le monde présent ; la doctrine des deux voies, dont l’une mène au salut et l’autre à la perdition. Après une analyse de ces thèmes au sein des Pseudo-Clémentines, qui révèle les différences qui existent entre les deux textes, ces mêmes motifs sont recherchés dans la littérature apparentée, en particulier dans les textes gnostiques de la bibliothèque de Nag Hammadi, les textes découverts à Qumrân et la littérature judéo-chrétienne. Les conclusions dégagées permettent de définir précisément le dualisme des Homélies et celui des Reconnaissances, d’identifier des fonctions polémiques et rhétoriques de ce dualisme et de cerner des groupes religieux possiblement alliés et ennemis des Pseudo-Clémentines.Pseudo-Clement’s Homilies and Recognitions, also called the Pseudo-Clementines, are important witnesses of the intellectual and theological explosion that took place in the first Christian centuries. Modern research tried for a long time to elucidate the multiples steps of their constitution, and the only result was that the existence of a ‘‘ Basic Writing’’ that had been the source material for the Pseudo-Clementines. This master’s thesis presents a literary investigation that will resituates the Pseudo-Clementines in their final form in the context of their redaction, while establishing their relations to the main religious groups of their milieu (Christians, Judeo-Christians, Jews, Gnostics and Pagans). This study defines the four aspects of the Pseudo-Clementine’s dualism : the rule of syzygies or antagonist couples, which states that everything in the creation is organized by God in opposite couples ; male and female prophecies, in which the first one brings truth while the second one brings falseness ; the doctrine of the two kings, in which one, who is good, rules the kingdom of the world to come and the other, who is evil, rules the present world ; the doctrine of the two ways, in which one leads to salvation, the other to damnation. After an analysis of these themes in the Pseudo-Clementines, one that reveals the differences between the two texts, this project looks for these patterns in similar literature, especially in the Gnostics writings of the library of Nag Hammadi, the Qumrân’s scrolls and Judeo-Christian literature. The other results are the identification of the dualism's polemic and its rhetorical functions, as well as the establishment of possible religious allies and enemies of the Pseudo-Clementines.
32
Pool, P. A. "Variation, reproductive biology and yielding behaviour in cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.)." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379309.
33
Cortés-Rojas, Diego Francisco. "Encapsulação de compostos bioativos de Syzygium aromaticum em carreadores lipídicos sólidos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60137/tde-25092015-104412/.
Анотація:
Compostos de origem vegetal podem apresentar inúmeros efeitos benéficos à saúde, havendo, entretanto, uma necessidade de desenvolver formulações que permitam viabilizar seu uso farmacêutico, alimentício, nutracêutico ou cosmecêutico. Syzygium aromaticum, conhecido popularmente como cravo da Índia, é uma espécie vegetal aromática com marcada atividade antioxidante, analgésica e antimicrobiana. A baixa solubilidade e estabilidade química, assim como a volatilidade dos principais compostos associados às atividades biológicas da planta justificam o desenvolvimento de formulações que melhorem suas propriedades físico-químicas e características de liberação. Formulações lipídicas têm sido cada vez mais usadas para o aumento da solubilidade de compostos no trato gastrointestinal e para o aumento da biodisponibilidade. O principal objetivo deste projeto foi investigar a produção de formulações lipídicas sólidas contendo compostos bioativos de S. aromaticum e avaliar o efeito da composição da formulação e das variáveis operacionais nas propriedades físico-químicas das partículas, estabilidade e permeação intestinal in vitro. O processo de extração dos compostos a partir da matéria-prima vegetal também foi estudado. A formulação lipídica foi otimizada com respeito ao tipo e a proporção dos lipídeos, do emulsificante e dos carreadores de secagem. Os processos de emulsificação e secagem também foram criteriosamente estudados. Os resultados mostraram que a composição da formulação teve efeitos significativos nas propriedades físico-químicas do produto e no desempenho da secagem. A formulação lipídica otimizada mostrou ser mais estável que a formulação não lipídica em condições de armazenamento de alta umidade. Com relação à permeação intestinal in vitro, utilizando eugenol como marcador, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre estas duas formulações. Este projeto permitiu obter informações relevantes sobre a secagem por spray drying de formulações lipídicas contendo extratos vegetais. Esta rota tecnológica representa uma estratégia interessante na obtenção de formulações lipídicas estáveis que promovam o aumento da biodisponibilidade oral de compostos bioativos.Plant-derived compounds can provide important benefits to human health. However, these compounds should be properly formulated in order to facilitate their pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, food or cosmetic applications. Syzygium aromaticum commonly known as Indian clove, is an aromatic tree with antioxidant, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. The poor water solubility and the volatility of the compounds associated to the biological activities, justify the development of formulations that improve its physicochemical and release properties. Lipid based formulations have gained special attention for oral delivery due to the improvement of solubility in the intestinal tract and increase of bioavailability. The main objective of this project was to investigate the production of solid lipidic formulations containing bioactive compounds of S. aromaticum and to test the effect of the formulation composition and the process variables on the physhicochemical properties of the particles, stability and in vitro intestinal permeation. The extraction methods of the compounds from the plant were also studied. The lipid formulation was optimized with regard to the type and proportion of the solid lipid, the surfactant and the drying carrier. The emulsification and the drying processes were carefully evaluated. Results showed that the formulation composition had significant effects on the physicochemical properties of the product and on the drying performance. The optimized lipid formulation was more stable than the formulation without lipids in high humidity stress storage conditions. With regard to the in vitro intestinal permeation using eugenol as marker compound, not significant differences were observed between the samples. This project allowed to obtain relevant information about the spray drying process of lipid formulations containing plant extracts. This technique could be an interesting strategy to obtain stable lipid formulations than enhance the oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds
34
Ribeiro, Rachel Melo. "Estudo da Atividade Hipotensora das Folhas de Syzygium jambolanum D.C. (jambolão)." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2007. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1055.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T17:47:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Rachel Melo Ribeiro.pdf: 542816 bytes, checksum: 97d23f29c7aaa773c7cec34818b5ed2f (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2007-04-21Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This work was carried out to evaluate the effect of sheets of Syzygium jambolanum DC (jambolan) in blood pressure (BP) and reactivity of vascular smooth muscle and non-vascular of normotensive rats. The extract hidroalcóolico (EH; ethanol 70%) was obtained by maceration from the dried leaves of Syzygium jambolanum DC to evaluate blood pressure in conscious rats and preparations isolated from deferent duct or thoracic aorta of rats. The EH was submitted the division with solvent using chloroform / water (2:1 v / v) to obtain the fractions chloroform (FC) and water (FMD) and assessment of vascular reactivity-ring mesenteric artery. The oral administration of EH (0.1 g / kg / day or 0.2 g / kg / day) induced a significant reduction of the PA in rats with normal conscious. In preparations of duct deferentes isolated from rats, EH 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25 mg / ml reduced the effect maximum (Emax) induced by norepinephrine (NE) at 22.2, 45.4 and 81.5%, respectively. In ducts deferentes previously contracted with the CE75% noradrenaline (3x10-4 M) the EH (0.2 to 14 mg / ml) induced relaxation, dependent on concentration, which reached 69%, with the largest concentration. In arteries aorta thoracic isolated from rats, EH 0025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg / ml moved to the right, the cumulative concentration-response curves of calcium (Ca + +) at 7.7, 2.8 and 5.2 times, respectively. This effect of EH was accompanied by a reduction in the Emax 30.5; 56.4 and 78.4% respectively. The FA (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg / ml) reduced the effect maximum (Emax) of 6.5 in NE, 15.7 and 51.9% visited the curve to the right in 2.0, 2.8 and 3.5 times respectively. The FC 0.5 mg / ml reduced the Emax of 25.8% in NE. The FC (0.1 and 0.25 mg / ml) reduced the Emax of concentration-response curve cumulative calcium (Ca + +) at 21.1 and 47.1% and moved to right on 3 and 4 times, respectively. In addition, the FC (0.01 to 1.0 mg / ml) induced relaxation, dependent on concentration, mesenteric artery pre-contracted with calcium (≅ EC75), the maximum concentration (1mg/ml), in the absence or presence of the blocker of potassium channels (Tetraetilamônio-TEA), 97.4 and 99.6% respectively. Together, these results suggest that the effect of lowering the EH Syzygium DC can jambolanum be related to activity relaxing blood presented by the FC in rings of artery mesenteric pre-contracted with calcium. Thus this work contributes to hypotensive confirmation of the activity of the leaves of Syzygium jambolanum DC Maranhão employed by the population.
O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito das folhas de Syzygium jambolanum D.C. (jambolão) na pressão arterial (PA) e na reatividade da musculatura lisa vascular e não-vascular de ratos normotensos. O extrato hidroalcóolico (EH; etanol 70%) foi obtido por maceração a partir das folhas secas de Syzygium jambolanum D.C. para avaliação da pressão arterial de ratos conscientes e em preparações isoladas de ducto deferente ou aorta torácica de ratos. O EH foi submetido a fracionamento com solvente usando clorofórmio/água (2:1 v/v) para obtenção das frações clorofórmica (FC) e aquosa (FA) e avaliação da reatividade vascular de anéis de artéria mesentérica. A administração oral de EH (0,1 g/kg/dia ou 0,2 g/kg/dia) induziu uma significante redução da PA em ratos conscientes normotensos. Em preparações de ducto deferentes isolados de ratos, o EH 0,05; 0,1 e 0,25 mg/ml reduziu o efeito máximo (Emax) induzido pela noradrenalina (NE) em 22,2; 45,4 e 81,5%, respectivamente. Em ductos deferentes previamente contraídos com a CE75% de noradrenalina (3x10-4 M) o EH (0,2 a 14 mg/ml) induziu relaxamento, dependente de concentração, que atingiu 69%, com a maior concentração utilizada. Em artérias aorta torácica isoladas de ratos, o EH 0,025; 0,05 e 0,1 mg/ml deslocaram, para a direita, as curvas concentração-resposta cumulativas de cálcio (Ca++) em 7,7; 2,8 e 5,2 vezes, respectivamente. Este efeito do EH foi acompanhado pela redução do Emax em 30,5; 56,4 e 78,4%, respectivamente. A FA (0,1; 0,25 and 0,5 mg/ml) reduziu o efeito máximo (Emax) da NE in 6,5; 15,7 e 51,9% deslocaram a curva para a direita em 2,0; 2,8 e 3,5 vezes, respectivamente. A FC 0,5 mg/ml reduziu o Emax da NE em 25,8%. A FC (0,1 e 0,25 mg/ml) reduziu o Emax da curva concentração-resposta cumulativa de cálcio (Ca++) em 21,1 e 47,1% e deslocou para a direita em 3 e 4 vezes, respectivamente. Em adição, a FC (0,01 a 1,0 mg/ml) induziu relaxamento, dependente de concentração, em artéria mesentérica pré-contraída com cálcio (≅EC75), na máxima concentração (1mg/ml), na ausência ou presença do bloqueador dos canais de potássio (Tetraetilamônio -TEA), de 97,4 e 99,6%, respectivamente. Em conjunto, estes resultados sugerem que o efeito hipotensor do EH de Syzygium jambolanum D.C. pode estar relacionado à atividade vasorrelaxante apresentada pela FC em anéis de artéria mesentérica pré-contraídas com cálcio. Desta forma o presente trabalho contribui para a confirmação da atividade hipotensora das folhas de Syzygium jambolanum D.C. empregada pela população maranhense.
35
Kvas, Marija. "Characterisation of Fusarium species associated with floral malformation of Syzygium cordatum." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31421.
Анотація:
Inflorescence malformation in Syzygium cordatum and Mangifera indica (mango) is
characterised by abnormally enlarged and excessively branched panicles, which are unable to
bear fruits. In mango, the malformation disease is caused by at least three Fusarium species in
the economically important group of fungi that are collectively known as the Gibberella
fujikuroi complex. Previously, a single Fusarium species that also forms a part of this complex
has been reported from the malformed inflorescences of S. cordatum. The primary aim of this
dissertation was to identify Fusarium species associated with the floral malformation on native
S. cordatum in South Africa and agriculturally important M. indica in the Sultanate of Oman.
In Chapter 1, a critical overview of the diversity, taxonomy and evolution of Fusarium
species in the G. fujikuroi complex is presented. Currently, the complex includes at least 50
Fusarium species and phylogenetic lineages. Of these, 34 represent morphospecies and 10 are
sexually fertile biological species that have been described formally. The taxonomic history of
the complex and species concepts used to resolve taxonomic predicaments are discussed. From
an evolutionary point of view, the species in the G. fujikuroi complex are grouped into three
major clades, named after the geographic origins of their respective host plants. The
biogeographic hypothesis appears to be true for most of the species, although each clade
includes at least one species that does not fit this view. Apart from the aerial arrangement of
microconidia, no other morphological character, host/substrate preference and/or mycotoxigenic
property uniquely differentiates the members of the three clades from one another. Our
understanding of the phylogeography and evolution of these fungi, therefore, will be dependent
on the study of Fusarium species that were isolated from indigenous ecosystems.
Floral malformations are important diseases of angiosperms that can cause plant sterility.
Chapter 2 of this dissertation focuses on the diversity of insects, mites, nematodes, viruses,
bacteria, fungi and oomycetes associated with these diseases. Specific examples of inflorescence
abnormalities that these biotic groups induce are provided. As the malformations of both M.
indica and S. cordatum have been associated with F. suglutinans sensu lato and mites in the
genus Eriophyes, special emphasis is given to the Fusarium species and mites that are known to
colonise the inflorescences of these plants. Future studies should elucidate the role of these
Fusarium taxa in the development of the malformation disease.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
Unrestricted
36
Dohm, Marc. "Implicitization of rational algebraic surfaces with syzygy-based methods." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4020.
Анотація:
L'implicitisation d'une surface algébrique rationnelle, c'est-à-dire le passage de la paramétrisation à une représentation implicite, est un problème géométrique classique. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous utilisons la théorie des syzygies pour représenter implicitement une surface par une matrice dont les mineurs de taille maximale ont l'équation implicite comme plus grand diviseur commun. Dans les deux premiers chapitres, nous traitons deux classes de surfaces spéciales pour lesquelles il est toujours possible de construire une matrice carrée qui correspond au résultant d'une mu-base : les surfaces réglées et les surfaces canales. Dans les chapitres suivants, le cas général de surfaces rationnelles paramétrées sur une variété torique de dimension 2 est étudié. Nous montrons qu'une telle matrice peut être construite en n'utilisant que des syzygies linéaires et nous décrivons un algorithme simple et efficace pour son calculThe implicitization of a rational algebraic surface, i. E. The passage from a parametrization to an implicit representation, is a classical geometric problem. In this thesis we use the theory of syzygies to represent a surface implicitly by a matrix whose maximal-sized minors have the implicit equation of the surface as their greatest common divisor. In the first two chapters, we treat two special classes of surfaces for which it is always possible to construct a square representation matrix corresponding to the resultant of a mu-basis: ruled surfaces and canal surfaces. In the following chapters, the general case of rational surfaces parametrized over a two-dimensional toric variety is studied. We show that a representation matrix can be constructed only using linear syzygies and we give a simple and efficient algorithm for its computation
37
Santos, Amanda Luizetto dos. "Preparação e caracterização de uma mistura eutética baseada em um derivado de óleo essencial extraído do Syzygium aromaticum L." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-26072010-084958/.
Анотація:
A planta Syzygium aromaticum L. produz os botões secos do cravo da índia, do qual se extrai o óleo essencial. O componente majoritário deste óleo é o eugenol, cujas algumas de suas propriedades farmacológicas são atividades fungicida, bactericida, anestésico, entre outros. No entanto, o eugenol (EUG) foi convertido a acetato de eugenila (AE) pela adição do íon acetato, na ligação do grupo hidroxila. Esta modificação foi realizada devido aos problemas relacionados à solubilidade, o que estabelece uma difícil relação com sua biodisponibilidade, e então, limitando sua utilização em preparações farmacêuticas. Em seguida, uma mistura eutética foi preparada empregando o acetato de eugenila como princípio ativo, e o polietilenoglicol 3350 (PEG) como carreador hidrofílico. O diagrama de fases apontou a mistura eutética com composição de 80% de AE e 20% PEG. As características térmicas no ponto eutético foram de 21,33° C para temperatura de pico e 5,71Jg-1 a energia envolvida no processo de fusão. Dessa maneira, a taxa de permeabilidade e a solubilidade do acetato de eugenila serão aprimoradas, contribuindo para o aumento de sua biodisponibilidade e assim, viabilizando sua utilização em formulações farmacêuticas.The Syzygium aromaticum L. plant produces the cloves buds which are dried. From these dried buds the essential oil is extracted. The major compound is eugenol. Some of eugenol\'s pharmacological properties include fungicidal, bactericidal, anesthetic, and other activities. However, eugenol (EUG) was modified to eugenyl acetate (EA) by adding the acetate group to the bound hydroxyl. The modification was performed in order to eliminate the solubility problems which cause a difficult relationship with bioavailability. The solubility problem restrains its use in pharmaceutical formulations. A eutectic mixture was prepared using the eugenyl acetate as the principal active ingredient and a polyethyleneglycol 3350 (PEG) as the hydrophilic carrier. The phase diagram demonstrated that the eutectic mixture occurred with 80% EA and 20% PEG composition. The thermal characteristics at the eutectic point were 21.33°C for the peak temperature and 5.71Jg-1 for the energy of fusion. Thus, the rate of permeability and solubility of eugenyl acetate will be enhanced. This will contribute to an increase in its bioavailability, thus promoting its use in pharmaceutical formulations.
38
SILVA, Antônio Andre Lima da. "Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e da histocompatibilidadede extratos de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18498.
Анотація:
Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-04-06T14:53:11Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5)
DISSERT COM FICHA FINAL imprimir.pdf: 1883031 bytes, checksum: 5ef0ed7e1b300d25be7b0e8aac6f1886 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T14:53:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERT COM FICHA FINAL imprimir.pdf: 1883031 bytes, checksum: 5ef0ed7e1b300d25be7b0e8aac6f1886 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-04
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels é uma planta nativa da Índia, pertencente à família das Myrtaceae. É reconhecida popularmente como jambolão, azeitona preta e usada no tratamento de inflamações, disenterias, úlceras digestivas e diabetes. Entretanto, sua atividade antimicrobiana foi menos investigada. Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar qualitativamente e semi-quantitativamente a composição química de quatro diferentes extratos brutos (éter de petróleo, acetato de etila, metanol e aquoso) obtidos das folhas de S. cumini, determinar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro frente bactérias e leveduras e, além disso, verificar se existe compatibilidade biológica do extrato aquoso de S. cumini com o tecido subcutâneo de ratos Wistar. Estudos fitoquímicos realizados nas folhas de S. cumini determinaram vários metabólitos secundários, em especial os taninos hidrolizáveis de reconhecida atividade antimicrobiana. Os extratos foram submetidos à avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana usando o método da microdiluição preconizado pelo Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), para determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM). Foram utilizados 36 cepas de bactérias dos gêneros Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Salmonella enterica e 8 cepas de leveduras do gênero Candida albicans, multirresistentes a diversos antimicrobianos utilizados na clínica médica e do American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Os resultados obtidos da CIM foram tratados estatisticamente através da Análise de Variância one-way (ANOVA). O extrato aquoso extraído das folhas de S. cumini foi o mais ativo obtendo uma CIM média de 0,46 mg mL-1. Os extratos obtidos demonstraram as maiores atividades contra a bactéria gram-positiva Staphylococcus aureus, particularmente o extrato aquoso mostrou-se ser mais ativos com uma CIM de desvio padrão de 0.41 mg mL-1 frente às linhagens. A Biocompatibilidade do extrato aquoso mostrou-se sem nenhuma alteração significativa nos elementos estruturais presentes no tecido subcutâneo. Os resultados obtidos aumentam o potencial da planta em aplicações fitoterápicas, sendo promissor o desenvolvimento de medicamentos inovadores baseado nas pesquisas com S. cumini.
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels is a native plant of India, belonging to the family of Myrtaceae . It is popularly recognized as jambolan, black olive and used in the treatment of inflammations, dysentery, digestive ulcers and diabetes. However, its antimicrobial activity was less investigated. The objectives of this study were to analyze qualitatively and semi - quantitatively the chemical composition of four different crude extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous) obtained from the leaves of S. cumini, determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity ahead bacteria and yeasts and, in addition , check for biological compatibility of the aqueous extract of S. cumini with the subcutaneous tissue of rats Wistar. Estudies phytochemicals performed on leaves of S. cumini determined several secondary metabolites, especially hydrolyzable tannins recognized antimicrobial activity. The extracts were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using the microdilution method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), 36 strains of the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica and 8 yeast strains of Candida albicans , multidrug resistant to several antimicrobials used in medicine and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) were used . The results of MIC were statistically analyzed by one-way (ANOVA) analysis of variance. The aqueous extract extracted from the leaves of S. cumini was the most active obtaining an average MIC of 0.46 mg mL- 1.The extracts showed the highest activities against gram positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, particularly aqueous extract proved be more active with a standard 0.41 mg mL- 1 strains facing the CIM deviation . The biocompatibility of the aqueous extract was found to be no significant change in the structural elements present in the subcutaneous tissue. The results increase the potential of the plant in herbal applications, and promising the development of innovative medicines based on research with S. cumini.
39
MELO, René Rodrigues de. "Perfil fitoquímico, avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e biocompatibilidade de Syzygium malaccense (L) Merr. & L. M. Perry (Myrtaceae)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/3276.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:29:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
arquivo2157_1.pdf: 8992763 bytes, checksum: 67ad69b4919f781ba023de441816aa96 (MD5)
license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry, pertence à família das Myrtaceae, é uma árvore frutífera de ocorrência em países tropicais e subtropicais. Popularmente é conhecida como jambo vermelho e é utilizada na alimentação e no tratamento de distúrbios gastrintestinais e no diabetes mellitus. Com base na etno-farmacologia, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o perfil fitoquímico, a composição dos extratos éter de petróleo, acetato de etila, metanol e água, obtidos das folhas de S. malaccense, determinar a atividade antimicrobiana destes extratos e avaliar in vivo a compatibilidade biológica do extrato aquoso de S. malaccense com o tecido subcutâneo, hepático e renal. A análise fitoquímica foi realizada por cromatografia em camada delgada para a pesquisa de metabólitos secundários. A atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada sobre 48 microrganismos incluindo cocos Gram-positivos n=18), bacilos Gram-negativos(n=20) e levedura do gênero Candida(n=10). Para a determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) foi utilizada a técnica de micro-diluição em meio líquido. Nos ensaios de biocompatibilidade, injeções do extrato aquoso de S. malaccense de concentração 0,6 mg/mL foram administradas a 24 ratos (Rattus novergicus, albino Wistar) divididos em quatro grupos. Após 7, 14, 28 e 32 dias desta administração, o tecido subcutâneo circunjacente à injeção foi retirado fixado em formalina à 10% tamponada (pH=7,0) e realizados os procedimentos histológicos para posterior análise microscópica. Procedimentos semelhantes ao descrito acima foram realizados também para o fígado e rins. A análise fitoquímica revelou a presença de monoterpenóides e sesquiterpenóides nos extratos de éter de petróleo, acetato de etila e metanólico. Flavonóides, açúcares redutores, proantocianidinas e taninos hidrolisáveis nos extratos metanólico e aquoso e triterpenóides e esteróides no extratos acetato de etila. Todos os extratos ensaiados apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana, sendo esta superior para os cocos Gram-positivos. O gênero Staphylococcus foi o mais sensível à ação destes extratos cuja CIM foi em média de 0,44 ± 0,28 mg/mL. O extrato acetato de etila foi o mais efetivo frente à totalidade os microrganismos avaliados cuja CIM média foi de 1,0 ± 0,46 mg/mL. As estruturas celulares dos tecidos analisados apresentaram suas características bem conservadas sem nenhuma alteração morfológica. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho corroboram o uso popular das folhas S. malaccense como fitoterápico sendo uma planta promissora para o desenvolvimento de medicamentos
40
Almada, Carine Nunes de. "Atividade antioxidante do extrato etanÃlico de folhas de azeitona da terra (Syzygium Cumini L.) e seu efeito contra estresse induzido por paracetamol." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10229.
Анотація:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoSyzygium cumini is a plant originated from India and adapted in Brazil, popularly known as black plum, jambolan and jamun. In this study, the antioxidant and protective activities of ethanolic leaves extract of Syzygium cumini (EE) were evaluated on paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice. The total antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS and DPPH methods and the content of vitamin C, extractable polyphenols, anthocyanins, yellows flavonoids and carotenoids were evaluated by different methods. The toxicity of EE was evaluated with different doses up to 1200 mg/kg administered orally for eight consecutive days. Subsequently, doses of the EE (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg weight) were administered by gavage for 7 consecutive days before treatment with single dose of paracetamol (500 mg/kg, orally) and its hepatoprotective effect has been studied by monitoring biochemical parameters. The extract presented high antioxidant activity in ABTS (2148.88 Â 140.26 mM Trolox/g of sample) and DPPH (87.11 Â 1.58 g of sample/g DPPH) assays. The extractable polyphenols prevailed among determined phytochemicals. Regarding toxicity, EE showed no toxic effects at the doses evaluated. EE (600 mg/kg) presented hepatoprotective effect that was evidenced by the decrease in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (56.94%), aspartate aminotransferase (30.14%) and alkaline phosphatase (32.68%) in the serum of animals treated with EE (600 mg/kg) and subjected to ingestion of paracetamol (EE600+ P group) compared with the group paracetamol. In liver tissue, there was a decrease of 25.68%, 31.67% and 31.97% of the malondialdehyde levels and elevation of 60.03%, 63.67% and 69.12% of the dismutase superoxide activity in EE150+ P EE300+ P and EE600+ P groups, respectively, when compared with the paracetamol group. Furthermore, non-protein sulfhydryls groups in the liver increased 56.74% and 63.61% in EE300+P and EE600 + P groups when compared with the paracetamol group. The ethanolic leaves extract of Syzygium cumini conferred hepatoprotection against stress by paracetamol, this effect may be associated to its high antioxidant activity.
Syzygium cumini à uma planta originÃria da Ãndia e adaptada ao Brasil, popularmente conhecida como azeitona da terra, ameixa preta, jambolÃo e jamun. Neste estudo, as atividades antioxidantes e protetoras do extrato etanÃlico (EE) de folhas de azeitona da terra foram avaliadas contra danos induzidos por paracetamol no fÃgado de camundongos. A atividade antioxidante total foi determinada atravÃs dos mÃtodos ABTS e DPPH e os teores de vitamina C, polifenois extraÃveis, antocianinas, flavonoides amarelos e carotenoides foram avaliados por diferentes mÃtodos. A toxicidade do EE foi avaliada com diferentes doses atà 1200 mg/Kg administradas por via oral durante oito dias consecutivos. Posteriormente, doses do EE (150, 300 e 600 mg/Kg de peso) foram administradas por gavage durante 7 dias consecutivos antes do tratamento com dose Ãnica de paracetamol (500 mg/Kg, por via oral) e o seu efeito hepatoprotetor foi estudado atravÃs do monitoramento de parÃmetros bioquÃmicos. O extrato apresentou elevada atividade antioxidante nos ensaios de ABTS (2.148,88  140,26 ÂM Trolox/g de amostra) e DPPH (87,11  1,58 g de amostra/g DPPH). Os polifenois extraÃveis predominaram entre os fitoquÃmicos determinados. Em relaÃÃo à toxicidade, EE nÃo apresentou efeitos tÃxicos nas doses avaliadas. EE (600 mg/kg) apresentou efeito hepatoprotetor que foi evidenciado pela diminuiÃÃo nas atividades de alanina aminotransferase (56,94%), aspartato aminotransferase (30,14%) e fosfatase alcalina (32,68%) no soro de animais tratados com EE (600 mg/kg) e submetidos a ingestÃo de paracetamol (grupo EE600+P) em comparaÃÃo com o grupo paracetamol. No tecido hepÃtico, houve diminuiÃÃo de 25,68%, 31,67% e 31,97% dos teores de malondialdeÃdo e elevaÃÃo de 60,03%, 63,67% e 69,12% da atividade da superÃxido dismutase nos grupos EE150+P, EE300+P e EE600+P, respectivamente, quando comparados com o grupo paracetamol. Ademais, os grupos sulfidrilas nÃo proteicos no fÃgado aumentaram 56,74% e 63,61% nos grupos EE300+P e EE600+P quando comparados com o grupo paracetamol. O extrato etanÃlico de folhas de azeitona da terra conferiu hepatoproteÃÃo contra estresse por paracetamol, podendo esse efeito estar associado à sua elevada atividade antioxidante.
41
Chiguvare, Herbert. "Phytochemical analyses and Brine shrimp (Artemia Salina) lethality studies on Syzygium cordatum." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1004352.
Анотація:
Syzygium cordatum Hoscht ex. C Krauss, also known as water berry, is normally used by the people of South Africa for respiratory ailments including tuberculosis, stomach complaints, treatment of wounds and as emetics. An extract of the leaves can be used as a purgative for diarrhoea treatment. The leaves of Syzygium cordatum Myrtaceae were obtained from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, air dried and sequential solvent extraction was done to obtain various non volatile crude extracts. The volatile extract, that is the essential oil was extracted from the leaves using hydrodistillation and analysis of compounds was done by GC/MS for composition. 32 compounds were obtained from the fresh leaves and 18 compounds were obtained from the dry leaves. The fresh oil contains caryophyllene (11.8 percent) and caryophyllene oxide (11.1 percent) as the main sesquiterpene component. α-Pinene(5.0 percent) was the only monoterpene compound identified in the fresh oil in substantial amount. The dry leaves oil had copanene (17.0 percent), β-Caryophellene (26.0 percent), cubenol (6.5 percent) and caryophellene oxide (14.2 percent) as the dominant constituent of the oil. Summary of the classes of compounds in the oil revealed that the chemical profile of both oils were dominated by sesquiterpenoid compounds. This is the first time that terpenoids compounds are being identified in both the fresh and dry leaf oil of S. cordatum. Hexane leaf extract was selected due to the interest in the terpenoid compounds. Column chromatography of the hexane crude gave five (5) of which two are fully reported. The isolates were fully elucidated using spectroscopic methods to be β-Sitosterol (HC3) and Friedela-3-one (HC1A/HC1D). Cytotoxicity analysis was carried out on the crude using the Brine shrimps assay. Isolates 1C and1D showed significant lethality using the brine shrimps assay with lethality values (LC50) of 4.105mg/ml for HC1C and 4.11mg/ml for 1D/1A respectively.
42
Turatti, Ketylin Fernanda Migliato [UNESP]. "Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: avaliação da qualidade, estudo morfo-anatômico, estudo da atividade antimicrobiana, conservante, genotóxica, mutagênica, citotóxica e incorporação em formulações cosméticas para uso tópico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100091.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2008-05-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:40:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
turatti_kfm_dr_arafcf.pdf: 941737 bytes, checksum: 192015f0e711f1196228158077c535c2 (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
A necessidade da introdução de novos princípios ativos naturais no arsenal farmacêutico e/ou cosmético tem sido pesquisado, devido ao aparecimento de formas bacterianas resistentes, decorrentes, principalmente, do uso indiscriminado de agentes antimicrobianos, que possam ser utilizados como anti-sépticos ou como conservantes de preparações farmacêuticas ou cosméticas. Dentro disto foi realizado o estudo da atividade antimicrobiana com o extrato seco dos frutos de Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae), fundamentado com os usos populares descritos para este vegetal, popularmente conhecido, no Brasil, como jambolão, jamelão ou azeitona-roxa. Para garantir-se a autenticidade da droga vegetal, realizou-se estudo morfo-anatômico do material colhido. O extrato vegetal foi preparado pelo método da percolação, utilizando como solvente etanol: água (50:50). Após validação de metodologia para o doseamento do extrato, foram realizados ensaios de citotoxicidade, mutagenicidade, genotoxicidade, avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e possível emprego como conservante após sua aplicação em preparações para uso externo: sabonete líquido, gel com polímero sintético e emulsão não-iônica. O estudo morfo-anatômico identificou glândulas secretoras de óleos essenciais, drusas e idioblastos tânicos, característicos da família Myrtaceae. O método espectrofotométrico foi validado para análise quantitativa do extrato produzido, garantindo confiabilidade aos resultados obtidos. O estudo de citotoxicidade apresentou índice de morte celular IC50 na concentração de 400,0 μg/mL do extrato de S. cumini. A freqüência de micronúcleos, em células da medula óssea de camundongos, não demonstrou efeito mutagênico em 24 e 48 horas após administração do extrato seco dos frutos de S. cumini.
The need for introducing new active principles to the pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic arsenal has been researched, due to the surge of resistant bacterial forms, stemming basically from the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents. The interest in obtaining new material with antimicrobial activity that can be used as antiseptics or as preservatives for pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparations led to a study on antimicrobial activity with the dry extracts of the fruit from Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae). Such an interest is directly related to the popular uses of this plant, popularly known in Brazil as jambolão, jamelão or black plum. To assure the authenticity of the vegetable drug, a morpho-anatomical study has been performed on the material collected. The extract was prepared by percolation method, using ethanol:water (50:50) as a solvent. After validating the methodology for determining dosage extract, tests have been performed for citotoxicity, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, evaluation of antimicrobial activity and possible use as a preservative after its application in preparations for external use: liquid soap, gel with synthetic polymer and non-ionic emulsion. The morpho-anatomical study identified secretion glands of essential oils, druses and tannic idioblasts, characteristic of the Myrtaceae family. The spectrophotometric method was validated for quantitative analysis of the extract produced. The citotocixity study showed a cell death index of IC50 in the concentration of 400.0 μg/mL of the S. cumini extract. The frequency of micronuclei, in bone marrow cells in mice, did not show mutagenicity effect at 24 and 48 hours after administration of dry extract of fruit from S. cumini. The test for micronucleus in T. pallida, performed for evaluation of the mutagenicity showed a mutagenic effect in the concentrations of 1250.0 and 2500.0 μg/mL.
43
Botha, Elizabeth Magdelena. "Molecular characterization of South African lineage II West Nile virus isolates ltime PCR assay." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06122008-130924/.
44
Murhekar, Shweta. "Antimicrobial activity of Syzygium spp: natural alternatives for food preservation and as conventional antibiotics." Thesis, Griffith University, 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/421240.
Анотація:
Due to an increase in microbial resistance, the need to find alternatives to conventional antibiotics chemotherapies has become important. There are currently few alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Of those alternatives, repurposing traditional medicinal plants is perhaps the most promising alternative. In particular, combination therapy using plant extracts with conventional antibiotics may provide potential alternatives to overcome bacterial resistance mechanisms and to repurpose conventional antibiotics. Despite first Australians’ use of plants as medicines, relatively few studies have reported on Australian native medicinal plants combined with conventional antibiotics. Syzygium australe and Syzygium luehmannii are native Australian medicinal plants known for their high antioxidant properties. The first aim of my study was therefore to study the food preservative properties of these plant extracts.
The second aim of this thesis was to analyse the antibacterial activity of Australian native Syzygium spp. extracts against diarrhoea and food poisoning bacteria, and against bacterial triggers of some autoimmune inflammatory diseases. This was achieved using both disc diffusion and liquid dilution assays, MICs were calculated, and a comparison was made. The effect of the extracts was also tested in combination with conventional antibiotics to determine the class of interaction on two panels of bacteria. Phytochemical screening of extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy headspace analysis (GC-MS) was also undertaken to identify notable extract components. This analysis identified phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids in the extracts. It is likely that these phytochemicals may contribute to the potent antibacterial activity of these extracts.
Overall, this study suggests that possible resistance modifying agents in the Syzygium spp. may induce interactive effects when the plant extracts are combined with conventional antibiotics. However, various enzymatic and metabolomic studies (e.g., HPLC-MS metabolomic fingerprinting) should be undertaken order to achieve an accurate insight into the synergistic mechanisms and other combinational effects. Isolation of these potential resistance modifying agents within the Syzygium spp. extracts may be highly beneficial in drug designing against the microbial triggers of some autoimmune diseases.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
45
Agostini, Daniele [Verfasser], Gavril [Gutachter] Farkas, Marian [Gutachter] Aprodu, and Frank-Olaf [Gutachter] Schreyer. "On syzygies of algebraic varieties with applications to moduli / Daniele Agostini ; Gutachter: Gavril Farkas, Marian Aprodu, Frank-Olaf Schreyer." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185578323/34.
46
Vale, Caroline Castro. "Perfil metabólico e reprodutivo de ratas obesas tratadas com Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1627.
Анотація:
Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-06-14T17:28:23Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
CarolineVale.pdf: 4135607 bytes, checksum: d26bf0afb2078fe97033389d010e9282 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T17:28:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolineVale.pdf: 4135607 bytes, checksum: d26bf0afb2078fe97033389d010e9282 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-13
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined as a set of interrelated risk factors that contribute to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). SM also causes harmful effects on the reproductive system, especially for women, as it reducies ovulatory rates, increasies the number of abortions and late pregnancy complications, which increase the risk of infertility. As a form of treatment approaches are adopted both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic. In this context, the use of alternative therapies with natural products has emerged as a safer and less associated with worsening of MS risk factors. Syzygium cumini (jambolan) is a species of Asian origin, but cultivated and used throughout the world for its anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hiperlipemiantes and antioxidants. Through these actions, we sought to investigate whether the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of S. cumini (EHSyz) improves the metabolic changes and consequently, changes in reproductive function in rats with induced obesity L-monosodium glutamate (MSG) a dose 4g/Kg/day. Wistar female rats were divided into the following groups: CTRL group (treated with NaCl 0.9% 0.1 ml / 100g / day v.o,); MSG group (treated with NaCl 0.9% 0.1 ml / 100g / day V.O.); EHSyz obese group (treated with EHSyz at a dose of 500mg / kg / day, V.O.), each for 60 days. The administration EHSyz promoted with retention of weight gain, reduction Lee index and improved glycolipid profile, with reduced serum triglyceride levels by 60.7% and 29.7% compared to cholesterol total.O EHSyz even avoided introduction resistance table in the treated rats. However, despite the improvement in oligociclicidade, the extract was not able to improve reproductive impairment of the treated rats. Thus, we conclude that treatment with EHSyz produced marked effects on metabolic parameters in obese rats without interfering with the reproductive capacity of the same.
A síndrome metabólica (SM) é definida como um conjunto de fatores de risco interrelacionados que contribuem para o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) e doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). A SM também provoca efeitos deletérios sobre o sistema reprodutor, especialmente feminino, com redução de taxas ovulatórias, aumento do número de abortos, complicações tardias da gravidez, que elevam o risco de infertilidade. Como forma de tratamento, são adotadas abordagens tanto não farmacológicos quanto farmacológicas. Nesse contexto, o uso de terapias alternativas com produtos naturais tem se destacado como uma forma menos associada ao agravamento dos fatores de risco da SM. Syzygium cumini (jambolão) é uma espécie vegetal de origem asiática, porém cultivada e utilizada em todo o mundo por suas propriedades anti-hiperglicemiantes, anti-hiperlipemiantes e antioxidantes. Mediante tais ações, buscamos investigar se o extrato hidroalcoólico das folhas de S. cumini (EHSyz) melhora as alterações metabólicas e, consequentemente, as alterações da função reprodutiva de ratas com obesidade induzida por L-glutamato monossódico (MSG) na dose 4g/Kg/dia. Fêmeas Wistar foram divididas nos seguintes grupos: grupo CTRL (tratado com NaCl 0,9% 0,1mL/100g/dia v.o,); grupo MSG (tratado com NaCl 0,9% 0,1mL/100g/dia v.o.); grupo obeso EHSyz (tratado com EHSyz na dose de 500mg/kg/dia, v.o.), todos durante 60 dias. A administração com EHSyz promoveu manutenção do ganho de peso, redução do índice de Lee e melhora do perfil glicolipídico, com redução dos níveis séricos de triglicérides em 60,7 % e 29,7 % em relação ao colesterol total. O EHSyz evitou ainda a instauração do quadro de resistência nas ratas tratadas. Entretanto apesar da melhora na oligociclicidade, o extrato não foi capaz de melhorar o comprometimento reprodutivo das ratas tratadas. Desta forma, concluímos que o tratamento com EHSyz produziu efeitos acentuados sobre parâmetros metabólicos de ratas obesas sem interferir na capacidade reprodutiva das mesmas.
47
Assis, Kívia Sales. "Estudos preliminares do efeito vasorrelaxante Do liofilizado do suco syzygium jambolanum em Ratos." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9072.
Анотація:
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-07-07T13:53:50Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
arquivototal.pdf: 2546672 bytes, checksum: c5c0e26a4ec7b88d290cf26347b25d8f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T13:53:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2546672 bytes, checksum: c5c0e26a4ec7b88d290cf26347b25d8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Various epidemiological studies have suggested an association between diets rich in polyphenols and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Syzygium jambulanum is rich in polyphenols, and thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the cardiovascular effects induced by lyophilized Syzygium jambulanum fruit juice (LSFSJ) using in vivo and in vitro techniques. LSFSJ presented a high polyphenols content (988.55 ± 5.41 mg of Gal Acid / 100g), and the presence of flavonoids and steroids. In normotensive rats, LSFSJ (5, 10, 30, 50 and 100 mg / kg, i.v.) induced hypotension and bradycardia at the maximal dose was observed. In superior mesenteric rat artery rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (FEN) (1 μM), LSFSJ (1 - 5000 μg / mL) induced concentration-dependent relaxation in the presence (MR = 105.3 ± 3.54% (EC50 = 1172.7 ± 116.1 μg / mL) and absence of endothelium (MR = 106.4 ± 4.5%, EC50 = 1506.5 ± 148.1 μg / mL). These data suggest that the LSFSJ-induced response appears independent from endothelium released factors. All subsequent experiments were performed in the absence of endothelium. The LSFSJ contraction response induced by depolarizing tyrode solution with 60 mM KCl (MR = 28.7 ± 2.8%) was significantly lower than the LSFSJ response in FEN induced contraction. To investigate the involvement of potassium channels, depolarizing tyrode solution with 20 mM KCl or TEA at different concentrations was used. The LSFSJ response in contraction induced by depolarizing tyrode solution with 20 mM KCl was significantly attenuated (MR = 75.9 ± 6.0). The LSFSJ-induced response was also significantly attenuated in the presence of TEA at concentrations of 1 mM (MR = 62.5 ± 9.8%); 3mM (MR = 40.9 ± 3.8%) and 5mM (MR = 10.3 ± 3.7%). To investigate potassium channel subtypes involved in the response, 4- aminopyridine, a selective blocker of KV channels, glibenclamide (10 μM), a selective blocker of KATP channels, BaCl2 (30 μM), a selective blocker of KIR and iberiotoxin channels 100 nM) or TEA (1mM), a selective blocker of BKCa channels were used. In the simultaneous presence of differing potassium channel blockers, we observed significant attenuation of the LSFSJ effect (MR = 23.9 ± 3.4%), this was also observed in the presence of 4-aminopyridine (MR = 33.6 ± 5.9%), and in the presence of BaCl2 or glibenclamide, we also observed an attenuation of the maximum effect respectively (MR = 73.5 ± 6.9%, MR = 72.3 ± 4.3%). However, incubation with iberiotoxin (MR = 94.2 ± 8.1%) did not promote alteration in the response produced by LSFSJ. Through calcium influx we also investigated the involvement of CaV channels in the JSJ-induced response; in which there were no changes in maximal effect. However, its potency was altered. Also, an activator of L-type CaV channels, the S (-) - Bay K 8644, was used; and demonstrated possible participation of these channels in the vasorelaxant effect of JSJ. In conclusion, JSJ causes hypotension and vasorelaxation in rats, and this vaso-relaxing effect mainly involves three subtypes of potassium channels: KV, KATP and KIR without ruling out possible participation of the channels for Ca2+.
Vários estudos epidemiológicos têm sugerido uma associação entre dietas ricas em polifenóis e um menor risco de doenças cardiovasculares. Dentre as frutas ricas em polifenóis encontra-se a Syzygium jambulanum. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos cardiovasculares induzidos pelo liofilizado do suco da fruta Syzygium jambulanum (LSFSJ), utilizando técnicas in vivo e in vitro. O LSFSJ apresentou um alto teor de polifenóis (988,55 ± 5,41 mg de Ác. Gal/100g) e presença de flavonoides e esteroides. Em ratos normotensos, o LSFSJ (5; 10; 30, 50 e 100 mg/kg, i.v.) induziu hipotensão e observou-se uma bradicardia na dose máxima. Em anéis de artéria mesentérica superior de rato, pré-contraídos com fenilefrina (FEN) (1 μM), o LSFSJ (1 - 5000 μg/mL) induziu relaxamento dependente de concentração na presença (Emáx = 105,3 ± 3,54 %; CE50= 1172,7± 116,1 μg/mL) e ausência do endotélio (Emáx = 106,4 ± 4,5 %; CE50 = 1506,5 ± 148,1 μg/mL). Esses dados sugerem que a resposta induzida pelo LSFSJ parece ser independente dos fatores liberados pelo endotélio. Todos os experimentos seguintes foram realizados na ausência do endotélio. A resposta do LSFSJ na contração induzida por solução despolarizante de tyrode com 60 mM de KCl (Emáx = 28,7 ± 2,8 %) foi significativamente menor do que a resposta do LSFSJ na contração induzida por FEN. Para investigar o envolvimento dos canais para potássio foram utilizados solução despolarizante de tyrode com 20 mM de KCl ou TEA em diferentes concentrações. A resposta do LSFSJ na contração induzida por solução despolarizante de tyrode com 20 mM de KCl foi significativamente atenuada (Emáx = 75,9 ± 6,0). A resposta induzida pelo LSFSJ também foi significativamente atenuada na presença de TEA nas concentrações de 1 mM (Emáx= 62,5 ± 9,8 %); 3 mM (Emáx= 40,9 ± 3,8 %) e 5 mM (Emáx= 10,3 ± 3,7 %). Para investigar os subtipos de canais para potássio envolvidos na resposta foram utilizados: 4-aminopiridina, bloqueador seletivo dos canais KV, glibenclamida (10 μM), bloqueador seletivo dos canais KATP, BaCl2 (30 μM), bloqueador seletivo dos canais KIR e iberiotoxina (100 nM) ou TEA (1mM), bloqueador seletivo dos canais BKCa. Na presença dos diferentes bloqueadores dos canais para potássio, simultaneamente, observamos uma atenuação significativa do efeito do LSFSJ (Emáx = 23,9 ± 3,4 %), esse efeito também foi observado na presença de 4- aminopiridina (Emáx = 33,6 ± 5,9 %), na presença de BaCl2 ou glibenclamida também observamos uma atenuação do efeito máximo (Emáx = 73,5 ±6,9 %; Emáx = 72,3 ± 4,3 %) respectivamente. Contudo a incubação de iberiotoxina (Emáx = 94,2 ± 8,1 %) não promoveu alteração da resposta produzida pelo LSFSJ. Também investigamos o envolvimento dos canais CaV na resposta induzida pelo JSJ através do influxo de cálcio no qual não observamos alterações no efeito máximo contudo houve sua potencia foi alterada, além disso um ativador dos canais CaV do tipo-L, o S(-)-Bay K 8644, também foi utilizado o que demonstrou uma possível participação destes canais no efeito vasorrelaxante do JSJ. Em conclusão o JSJ causa hipotensão e vasorrelaxamento em ratos, e esse efeito vasorrelaxante envolve majoritariamente três subtipos de canais para potássio o KV, o KATP e o KIR sem descartar uma possível participação dos canais para Ca2+
48
Ambler, David John. "The production, characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies specific for Pseudomonas syzygii, the causative agent of Sumatra disease of cloves." Thesis, University of Bath, 1990. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280876.
49
Nacata, Guilherme [UNESP]. "Jambeiro: propagação, aspectos morfológicos e caracterização qualitativa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148662.
Анотація:
Submitted by Guilherme Nacata (guilherme_nacata@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-31T18:13:45Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Dissertação_Guilherme_Nacata_final.docx: 6443834 bytes, checksum: ec6b412296f564de900d1940e6c52b64 (MD5)Rejected by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Arquivo submetido em DOCX, por favor realize uma nova submissão com o arquivo em PDF on 2017-02-01T12:37:59Z (GMT)
Submitted by Guilherme Nacata (guilherme_nacata@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-01T13:06:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Guilherme_Nacata_final.pdf: 2338522 bytes, checksum: 6ddcdfdf2c3ef5baeff4c1178083ae19 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-02-01T13:22:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nacata_g_me_jabo.pdf: 2786616 bytes, checksum: 67b7659d3b90cd80d278a073d130a20c (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-01T13:22:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nacata_g_me_jabo.pdf: 2786616 bytes, checksum: 67b7659d3b90cd80d278a073d130a20c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-27
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O cultivo de jambeiro pode ser fonte de diversificação da atividade agrícola, visto que suas características físicas e qualitativas são atrativas para os consumidores. Tendo como origem o Continente Asiático, os jambeiros vermelho, amarelo e rosa apresentam características que viabilizam sua comercialização no território nacional. No entanto, é notável a carência de estudos sobre as três espécies citadas. O presente trabalho objetivou, desta forma, trazer maiores informações sobre as três espécies de jambeiro, estudando a propagação por sementes e por estaquia, descrição morfológica do processo germinativo e dos grãos de pólen, verificando viabilidade polínica e estigmática, caracterização biométrica de frutos, folhas e sementes, além de caracterização qualitativa de seus frutos. Os resultados evidenciam que o jambeiro amarelo apresenta maior taxa de germinação e poliembrionia. As temperaturas influenciam na porcentagem de germinação, poliembrionia e IVG. para os jambeiros vermelho e amarelo. As sementes apresentam cotilédones de coloração verde, germinação hipógea com raiz primária de coloração marrom e secundárias esbranquiçadas, curtas e filiformes. Para a estaquia, visando otimização do processo e redução de gastos, a utilização de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) se torna dispensável e a manutenção das folhas inteiras nas estacas promove aumento do comprimento e número médio de raízes. O jambeiro vermelho tem massa de fruto entre 35,06 a 56,20(g); semente entre 11,55 a 16,05 (g); comprimento e largura dos frutos entre 4,93 a 5,91(cm) e 3,98 a 4,77(cm); largura das sementes entre 2,86 a 3,44(cm). O jambeiro rosa apresenta máxima porcentagem de polpa, e parâmetros iguais ao vermelho quanto comprimento, largura da folha e comprimento do pecíolo e área foliar. O Jambeiro amarelo é o menor entre os estudados. Existem diferenças na morfologia polínica para as três espécies estudadas, observa-se que o S. jambos é a espécie de maior tamanho no diâmetro polar e equatorial, S. aqueum apresenta maior diâmetro polar, em relação ao S. malaccense, e a última citada com menor diâmetro polar e equatorial quando comparada com as outras espécies. O teste de viabilidade do pólen permite concluir que as espécies de jambeiros (amarelo e rosa) que florescem no mesmo período podem competir pelos mesmos agentes polinizadores em função dos horários de disponibilidade de pólen e receptividade do estigma. Para a análise qualitativa dos frutos verifica-se que existem diferenças entre as espécies analisadas, sendo que os frutos dos jambeiros vermelho e rosa apresentam: aumento da massa, diminuição da firmeza, maior cromaticidade, aumento de sólidos solúveis, diminuição da acidez titulável, aumento do pH, aumento do ácido ascórbico e da respiração conforme atingem maior grau de maturação. Os frutos do jambeiro vermelho têm um teor quatro vezes mais baixo de ácido ascórbico e sua respiração é alterada conforme o grau de maturação do fruto, quando comparado ao jambeiro rosa, que não se altera.
The cultivation of Syzygium can be a source of diversification of the agricultural activity, since its physical and qualitative characteristics are attractive for the consumers. Having as origin the Asian Continent, the malay, rose and water apple present characteristics that allow their commercialization in the national territory. However, the lack of studies on the three species mentioned is remarkable. The present work aimed to provide more information about the three species of Syzygium, studying seed propagation and cutting, morphological description of the germination process and pollen grains, pollen and stigmatic viability, biometric characterization of fruits, leaves and seeds, besides qualitative characterization of its fruits. The results show that the rose apple presents a higher rate of germination and polyembryony. Temperatures influence the percentage of germination, polyembryony and Germination Speedy Index (GSI). For the malay and rose apple. The seeds present green color cotyledons, hygienic germination with primary root of brown coloration and whitish secondary, short and filiform. For cutting, for optimization of the process and reduction of expenses, the use of indolbutyric acid (AIB) becomes dispensable and the maintenance of the whole leaves on the cuttings promotes an increase in the length and average number of roots. The malay jamb has a fruit mass between 35.06 and 56.20 (g); Seed between 11.55 and 16.05 (g); Length and width of fruits between 4.93 to 5.91 (cm) and 3.98 to 4.77 (cm); Seed width from 2.86 to 3.44 (cm). The water apple presents maximum percentage of pulp, and parameters equal to red as length, leaf width and petiole length and leaf area. The rose apple is the smallest among those studied. There are differences in pollen morphology for the three species studied, it is observed that S. jambos is the largest species in the polar and equatorial diameter, S. aqueum has a larger polar diameter, in relation to S. malaccense, and the last one mentioned with smaller polar and equatorial diameter when compared with the other species. The pollen feasibility test allows to conclude that rose apple and water apple that bloom in the same period can compete for the same pollinating agents depending on the pollen availability schedules and stigma receptivity. For the qualitative analysis of the fruits it is verified that there are differences between the analyzed species, with the fruits of the malay and water apple present: increase of mass, decrease of firmness, greater chromaticity, increase of soluble solids, decrease of titratable acidity, increase of pH, increase of ascorbic acid and respiration as they reached a higher degree of maturation. The fruits of the malay apple have a four times lower content of ascorbic acid and their respiration is altered according to the degree of maturation of the fruit when compared to the water apple, which does not change.
50
Tobias, Peri Ann. "Screening two wild-sourced Australian Myrtaceae for responses to Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) and determining the underlying genetic basis to resistance." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17020.
Анотація:
Austropuccinia psidii is a biotrophic fungal pathogen, first described in Brazil, and the causal agent of rust infections commonly named myrtle rust. A. psidii was initially detected in Australia in April 2010 in a commercial nursery, and by late that year, had become established on a wide range of species within the Australian Myrtaceae and deemed ineradicable. Currently it is believed that only one genotype of the pathogen is present in Australia, which matches an Hawaiian pathotype, based on molecular markers. Within Australia infection responses vary from complete susceptibility to resistance within a number of distantly related species, within populations and provenances, indicating a large degree of host genetic diversity. While there are concerns for Australian natural vegetation communities, dominated by Myrtaceae, established and emerging commercial species are also likely to be impacted. The following research takes two commercially important Australian Myrtaceae; Chamelaucium uncinatum, grown for the cut flower market and Syzygium luehmannii, an increasingly valuable berry crop, and examines their responses to inoculation with Austropuccinia psidii. Differential gene expression analysis, based on resistant versus susceptible phenotypes, show that responses have an underlying molecular basis.