Дисертації з теми "Systèmes de transport intelligent – Systèmes de communication"
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Daoud, Ramez. "Wireless and wired Ethernet for intelligent transportation systems." Valenciennes, 2008. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/ace94389-4796-4b12-b00d-9d4eb917a682.
This study focuses on the wireless as well as the wired aspect of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The On-Board network of a future smart vehicle is designed using Switched Ethernet as a backbone. This architecture aims at minimizing the amount of wiring present in today’s cars. With the increasing demand of entertainment and connectivity, the proposed model provides the vehicle passengers with internet connection, video on-demand, voice over IP (VoIP) and video conference capabilities. Also, to help the driver, a smart real-time interactive communication scheme is developed to supply traffic information. A wireless communication model is built to support the moving entities in a light urban traffic area; the model is based on stigmergic algorithms running at the core of the system infrastructure. A WiFi model is used to supply wireless connectivity to mobile nodes in a given region. The Mobile IPv4 as well as Mobile IPv6 are tested. The mobile nodes always communicate with the central intelligence of the system to update the traffic information. The stigmergic algorithm processes this data and sends to all moving vehicles messages regarding the actual traffic map. This research focuses on the wireless aspect of the problem and optimizes the architecture to satisfy minimum packet loss in the path from the central correspondent node (CN) to the mobile nodes (MN). It is found that based on MIPv6 technique and using redundant packet transmission (burst communication) one can statistically reach satisfactory
Thomas, Kévin. "Communications Bluetooth pour les Systèmes de Transport Intelligents Coopératifs." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS016.
This thesis proposes a solution to transmit traffic information via Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN).Through this thesis, we propose a communication architecture that fits within the Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS). This architecture will use Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to transmit traffic information. In addition, we have adapted the Decentralized Event Notification Message (DENM) message known from the C-ITS world to be sent in a BLE network. This adaptation provides sufficient vital information to ensure the characterization of an event. This architecture is validated by road tests.Then, we will present solutions to identify the path on which the event takes place. They must allow vehicles to know if the event is on the lane on which they are travelling. These solutions are the subject of experiments. We have selected those that give the best performance.We shall present an extended architecture proposing the extension of the coverage of our network by installing intermediate stations. These stations make it possible to consider different functionalities to be added to the architecture
Tsukada, Manabu. "Communications Management in Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems." Paris, ENMP, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENMP0092.
Cooperative Intelligent transportation Systems (Cooperative ITS) are the systems where multiple entities share information and tasks to achieve the ITS objectives (i. E. Road safety, traffic efficiency and comfort). Today, ITS Station architecture is being specified in ISO and ETSI as a result of discussion and consensus of the researchers and developers in ITS domain. In the architecture, ITS Stations are essential entities, that are distributed in vehicles, roadside infrastructure, centers and mobiles, to achieve the ITS objectives. The vehicle and roadside ITS Stations organize Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) to adapt multi-hop and highly dynamic network topology. GeoNetworking is a great candidate for VANET because the geographic routing shows strength in dynamic topology. In addition to VANET, the ITS Station equips multiple wireless network interfaces and connects to networks with multiple paths, which is called multihoming. The objective of the study is to optimize the communication between ITS Stations by improved decision-making algorithm using inter-component information exchange in IP-based cooperative ITS. First, we develop IPv6 GeoNetworking to take the advantages of both IP and GeoNetworking. Seconds, we propose a cross-layer based path selection management by extending a Service Access Point (SAP) between the network layer and the management entity specified in the ITS Station Architecture. The extended SAP is designed as most abstracted as possible to adapt to the future development of the ITS Station architecture. The proposed system is designed and implemented as a prototype. The prototype implementation is evaluated in both ideal and realistic scenarios using up to four vehicles. The network performance measurement is processed, visualized and analyzed with web-based tools
Cenerario, Nicolas. "Partage d’informations dans les réseaux de communication inter-véhiculaire." Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b15fc5ca-0eb6-4394-bba7-f843d69afc90.
This thesis is interested in the information sharing in inter-vehicle communication networks. Today, thanks to the positioning systems and to the wireless communication capacities, vehicles can exchange data relating different kind of events (emergency brake, traffic jam, available parking spot, etc. ) in order to provide new assistance systems for the drivers. In this work, we focused on vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V). The absence of any fixed communication infrastructure and the high nodes' mobility (i. E. Vehicles) in the network raise particularly interesting problems in term of data management, for example, in term of relevance estimation in these particularly dynamic environments. In this context, our main contributions concern : the proposal of mechanisms, based on the computation of an encounter probability, allowing to estimate the relevance of information exchanged between vehicles ; mechanisms of continuous query processing in decentralized environments allowing to keep information updated ; a dissemination protocol, exploiting our encounter probability, allowing to route data to vehicles potentially interested. Our proposals were evaluated in the VESPA (Vehicular Event Sharing with a mobile Peer-to-peer Architecture) system as well as through numerous simulations
Leblanc, Brice. "Analyse non supervisée de données issues de Systèmes de Transport Intelligent-Coopératif." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS014.
This thesis takes place in the context of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET), and more specifically the context of Cooperative-Intelligent Transport System (C-ITS). These systems are exchanging information to enhance road safety.The purpose of this thesis is to introduce data analysis tools that may provide road operators information on the usage/state of their infrastructures. Therefore, this information may help to improve road safety. We identify two cases we want to deal with: driving profile identification and road obstacle detection.For dealing with those issues, we propose to use unsupervised learning approaches: clustering methods for driving profile identification, and concept drift detection for obstacle detection. This thesis introduces three main contributions: a methodology allowing us to transform raw C-ITS data in, first, trajectory, and then, learning data-set; the use of classical clustering methods and Points Of Interests for driving profiles with experiments on mobile device data and network logs data; and the consideration of a crowd of vehicles providing network log data as data streams and considered as input of concept drift detection algorithms to recognize road obstacles
El, Bahhar Fouzia. "Conception d'un système de communication ultra large bande appliqué aux transports." Valenciennes, 2003. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1c685f1d-c16a-44f6-8e31-0ca9a89472c1.
The aim of this thesis is to investigate one major part of intelligent transportation systems, namely inter vehicles communication. In this framework, several theoretical studies have been performed to evaluate the performances of a communication system based upon the new Ultra Wide Band (UWB) technology. Further theoretical studies have been conducted to address the ability of designing multiuser access UWB systems using orthogonal function waveforms. After the simulation stage, a prototype of our system has been built in order to proceed to first tests for evaluation of performances against used waveform, modulation kind, distance between emitter and receiver and the type of antenna. In order to comfort our theoretical study, supplementary tests have been performed on our mackup for pulsed monocycle waveforms and antipodal modulation, which demonstrate the feasibility of establishing an inter vehicles communication link
Koubeissi, Ahmad. "Methodology for unified modeling of system of systems of engineering." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10143/document.
The main focus of this thesis is on multilevel graphical modeling of behavior and organization of a set of component systems in a System of Systems concept. In the present work, we model the wireless communication link among component systems, with all its major effects, using a graphical modeling tool for describing flow of power in multi-physics domain called Bond Graph. This model permits identifying mathematically, the quality of signal received at information sink based on model parameter values. We conduct an experiment on cooperative behavior of two humanoids in a system of systems concept and demonstrate how we are able to experimentally measure the parameter values defined in our model.Next we justify how we are able to evaluate quantitatively, the fault tolerance level of a wireless communication link and introduce the need for redundant links in system of systems. Then we propose a methodology for coupling Hyper Graph, used for modeling the organization of component systems, and Bond Graph in multilevel graphical modeling of system of systems. Finally, we discuss another system of systems with two cooperating component systems, a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and an intelligent autonomous vehicle (robuTAINer), in which the UAV will supply navigation information to the intelligent autonomous vehicle to be able to safely maneuver in a confined space. We develop algorithms for robuTAINer detection and navigation from UAV. Then we practically test our algorithms and analyze the obtained results
Lebre, Marie-Ange. "De l'impact d'une décision locale et autonome sur les systèmes de transport intelligent à différentes échelles." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI007/document.
In this thesis we present vehicular applications across different scales: from small scale that allows real tests of communication and services; to larger scales that include more constraints but allowing simulations on the entire network. In this context, we highlight the importance of real data and real urban topology in order to properly interpret the results of simulations. We describe different services using V2V and V2I communication. In each of them we do not pretend to take control of the vehicle, the driver is present in his vehicle, our goal is to show the potential of communication through services taking into account the difficulties outlined above. In the small scale, we focus on a service with a traffic light that improves travel times, waiting times and CO2 and fuel consumption. The medium scale is a roundabout, it allows, through a decentralized algorithm, to improve the same parameters. It also shows that with a simple and decentralized decision-making process, the system is robust to packet loss, density, human behavior or equipment rate. Finally on the scale of a city, we show that local and decentralized decisions, with only a partial access to information in the network, lead to results close to centralized solutions. The amount of data in the network is greatly reduced. We also test the response of these systems in case of significant disruption in the network such as roadworks, terrorist attack or natural disaster. Models, allowing local decision thanks to information delivered around the vehicle, show their potential whatsoever with the V2I communication or V2V
Plainchault, Patrick. "Sécurisation de la conduite par communication véhicule infrastructure à base de transpondeurs." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000137/.
For many years, car manufacturers have been trying to ensure the safety of automobile movements. This thesis relates how a transponder based communication between vehicles and infrastructure can be used. In the first part overview of localisation systems (LIDAR, RADAR, video cameras, magnetic strip following, GPS, gyro platforms and cartography systems embedded in the vehicle), local communication (DAB, UMTS, DSRC, Bluetooth, WIFI, InfraRed,. . . ) and transponder technology are presented. Then it recalls the principles of transponder. This communication system consists of two main elements: 1) a base station with an antenna embedded in a vehicle, 2) a transponder, located in the tread including an antenna, a microcontroller for data processing and communication and a memory. Finally, also some results and applications: lateral and longitudinal positioning, inter distance calculation and detection of wrong way traffic are presented
Boutahala, Ramzi. "Mécanismes de sécurisation des communications véhiculaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REIMS047.
In this thesis, we consider the problem of communication channel overload in the context of cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS). We aim to improve the communication mechanism between vehicles and focus on the security part of communication, which is the most costly in terms of resources. In Europe and the USA, adapted communication protocols have been proposed to ensure communication and cooperation among all relevant actors (vehicles, road infrastructure, pedestrians, etc). These protocols enable vehicles to communicate with each other by exchanging specific messages. Each vehicle periodically sends application beacons denoted CAM (Cooperative Awareness Message). This CAM contains information about the vehicle status (speed, location, heading, etc). In order to guarantee the integrity and the authentication of the exchanged messages, signatures that are computed using various Pseudonym Certificates (PC) are included in all sent messages. We propose a different approach that enables vehicles to send CAMs, without having to send security information, with each transmission, as required by current standards. Instead of exhaustive authentication, our approach enables vehicles to reduce data security and build trust by creating trusted environments. This reduces the need for frequent exchanges of signed CAMs and eliminates the need for an extensive verification and signature process, effectively conserving bandwidth. In addition, we propose a trust verification process that checks this trust to avoid malicious activities. Our strategy incorporates a two-fold mechanism: an extrapolation method that sets thresholds for the detection of inconsistent behavior, followed by an unsupervised deep learning model trained on calibrated data, consistently evaluating variations in neighbor behavior. The effectiveness of our approach is supported using traffic data from the A4 Reims-Paris highway in France, with simulations performed in OMNeT++, SUMO and Artery environments. The performance of all considered methods was comparatively assessed under identical testing conditions
Maatougui, Lamyae. "Développement d'un récepteur intelligent dédié aux systèmes sans fil basés sur les modulations M-OAM." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0015.
In this work of thesis, we propose an original communication system allowing to reach high data rate and to fulfill the requirements of quality of service necessary for the communications short range dedicated to intelligent transport. This system is based on the Ultra Wide Band Impulse (IR-ULB) technology and on new modulation scheme named M-OAM (M-states Orthogonal Amplitude Modulation). M-OAM modulations are based on the principle of modulations M-QAM by replacingthe carriers used for QAM modulation with orthogonal waveforms ULB type MGF (Modified Gegenbauer Function). These modulations were evaluated under the conditions of AWGN channel and IEEE 802.15 channels which take account of the real parameters of the road. Besides the high speed required by inter-vehicular communications, it is necessary to ensure simultaneous information exchange between several users of the road. Accordingly, new adaptive multiple access system is proposed. Each user has the possibility to use the adequate modulation OAM according to the desired speed. The receiver of this system is characterized by an intelligent aspect thanks to the integration of the principle of Cognitive Radio (RC) which makes it able to detect the signal arrival and to identify the parameters of the used modulation in order to adapt the demodulation in an autonomous way. A good quality of service is ensured by the proposed novel demodulation method based on the Higher Orders Statistics (HOS) to eliminate the Gaussian noise. The good performances of M-OAM communication system M-OAM as well as the whole of the suggested aspects are validated in experiments within IEMN-DOAE laboratory. In the last part of this document we presented the realization of prototype using real time processing developed on FPGA plateform and exploiting parallelisable algorithms on reconfigurable architectures
Grégoire-Girard, Pierre-Luc. "Communication inter-véhicules et route-à-véhicule : apprentissage de la communication inter-véhicules." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20541.
Chtourou, Ameni. "Contextual communication for intelligent transportation systems in hybrid networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG116.
An important role of C-ITS is to extend perception of individual road users so that traffic accidents are avoided. Such an extended perception is built by information exchange among vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure using different types of messages including cooperative awareness message (CAM) and Collective Perception Message (CPM). While data carried by these messages are critical, they are resource-consuming. Currently, CAMs and CPMs are broadcasted periodically with a minimum frequency of 1Hz. In addition, their frequencies can be adapted based on vehicle dynamics (speed, acceleration,...) and further with wireless channel condition when a distributed congestion control (DCC) functionality is enabled. However, it might be vital for a vehicle to transmit its beacons at a high rate in critical areas, such as intersections, even if this may result in higher channel busy ratio (CBR). On the contrary, vehicles with a low risk of collision may reduce their transmission frequency to avoid unnecessary load on the channel. Hence, dissemination of such messages must be made in an efficient way so that road safety application requirement is ensured and resource utilization is optimized.This requires the communication be context-aware, being able to control communication parameters by taking into account application requirements, availability of communication technologies and radio resources as well as environmental condition (road layout, traffic density, presence of roadside infrastructure, and etc.). Hence, establishing contexts that characterize environmental and non-environmental collected information is a key challenge for context-aware communication.The thesis targets at studying and developing context aware communication for road safety applications. The main goal is to design algorithms that are able to optimize V2X communication based on a recognition of the contexts particularly radio resource availability, environmental condition and application requirements. The work consists of two phases. In the first phase, we present context aware communication architecture and study/model contexts in terms of application requirement (context1) and environmental context (context2). The first context aims to define application requirement and evaluate performances of Cooperative Awareness Service strategies against requirements. Environmental context consists on infrastructure availability allowing I2V communication that may replace V2V communication in that local area resulting in improved collective perception and reduced channel load thanks to its larger communication coverage and sensor field of view. The second phase intends to design and develop algorithms that control/select message data contents taking into account contexts previously modeled while ensuring a high level of collective perception/awareness
Challita, Georges. "Contribution au positionnement des véhicules communicants fondé sur les récepteurs GPS et les systèmes de vision." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAM0004.
This thesis work realised at the STI team of the LITIS Laboratory, in collaboration with the Center of Robotics CAOR at the Ecole des Mines of Paris and the INRIA Rocquencourt, and tested on the prototype LARA. The aim is to better positionning of intelligent vehicles equipped with GPS, vision systems and communication devices used for cooperation between vehicles. In urban areas, The usage of GPS is not always ideal because of the poorness of the satellite coverage. Sometimes, the GPS signal may be also corrupted by multipath reflections due to tunnels, high buildings, electronic interferences etc. So, in order to accurate the vehicle positioning in the navigation application, the GPS data will be enhanced with vision data using communication between vehicles. The vision system is based on a monocular real-time vision-based vehicle detection. We can calculate the distance between vehicles using the pinhole model. We developped a rain detection system using the same camera. The inter-vehicle cooperation is made possible thanks to the revolution in the wireless mobile ad hoc network. Localization information can be exchanged between the vehicles through a wireless communication devices. The creation of the system will adopt the Monte Carlo Method or what we call a particle filter for the treatment of the GPS data and vision data. An experimental study of this system is performed on our fleet of experimental communicating vehicles LARA
Ammoun, Samer. "Contribution des communications intervéhiculaires pour la conception de systèmes avancés d'aide à la conduite." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003671.
Ammoun, Samer. "Contribution des communications intervéhiculaires pour la conception de systèmes avancés d’aide à la conduite." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://pastel.paristech.org/3671/01/These_Ammoun.pdf.
The advanced driver assistance systems aim to introduce intelligence into the. The classic approach is to provide the vehicle with the ability to perceive its environment. The recent developments in the field of wireless telecommunications has made possible to re-think the driving model by introducing the concept of cooperatio. The standardization of a communication protocol for the automotive domain is being preparedbut the successful introduction of this technology is strongly correlated to the implementation of realistic services. To bridge this gap, we wanted to focus in this thesis on the design of new cooperative driver assistance systems for the improvement of road safety. The aim of the thesis is thus to demonstrate the feasibility of cooperative applications with existing communications equipments and to study the contribution of this technology in the prevention of collisions. We propose architecture for wireless communication based on the 802. 11 standard, and we explore theperformance of our system through campaigns to test the adequacy with the requirements of the cooperative applications. Based on this architecture, we exploited our system in two types of applications:- The risk assessment on intersection approach- The assistance during a lane changeFor each of these two scenarios we have implemented a system of collision risk prediction and prevention between vehicles and performed real tests on the experimental prototyping platform LaRA
Sulface, Allain. "Simulation du trafic routier et communication inter-véhicules." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28507/28507.pdf.
Ayaida, Marwane. "Contribution aux communications intra-véhicule et inter-véhicules." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS016/document.
Modern vehicles are equipped with various devices that aim to automate tasks (shift transmission, cruise control, etc.) or to provide services to the user (driver assistance, obstacle detection, etc.). Communications between vehicles help to expand these services through the collaboration of several vehicles (accident prevention, traffic management, etc.). The proliferation of these devices, their interfaces and protocols makes the data exchange more complex. In addition, inter-vehicle communication is more restrictive because of the vehicles' high mobility.In this work, we propose the design of a communication channel Connect to All (C2A) that ensures the interoperability between embedded devices in a vehicle. In fact, it detects the equipment connection, recognizes it and allows it to exchange data with other devices. The channel design starts by the modelling step using two different techniques (the model checker tool UPPAAL and the Specification and Description Language (SDL). Then, we validate the designed models. We also detail a concrete implementation of the channel on an embedded chip that aims to show the C2A interoperability concept feasibility.We also studied the mobility effects in the inter-vehicular communication through a hybrid approach mixing routing and location-based service. This approach provides a mechanism to reduce vehicle-tracking costs while increasing routing performances. Moreover, we compare two applications of this approach: Hybrid Routing and Grid Location Service (HRGLS) and Hybrid Routing and Hierarchical Location Service (HRHLS) with classical approaches to prove the added value. Then, this approach is improved with a mobility prediction algorithm. The latter allows a better understanding of the vehicle movements by estimating them. Similarly, the hybrid approach with mobility prediction Predictive Hybrid Routing and Hierarchical Location Service (PHRHLS) is compared with the basic approach and HRHLS in order to show the mobility prediction advantages
Wetterwald, Michelle. "Contrôle de terminaux multi-modes autonomes dans des environnements sans fil hétérogènes et indépendants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0064.
Recent years have witnessed a massive evolution of mobile communications. When no agreement between the network providers exists, changing the attached network still means breaking the session and relying on the application to recover the lost data. In parallel, it is hardly possible for a mobile user to control the connectivity of his terminal. The objective of this thesis is to present the concept of an innovative technological framework for the autonomous control of multimode terminals in heterogeneous and non-federated wireless environments. The aim is to enable a self-configuring terminal to connect and roam seamlessly across independent networks, while respecting its user’s choices and preferences. The target scheme involves abstraction and cross-layer mechanisms. It takes into account constraints based on heterogeneous wireless systems, autonomous architectures and enables generic services such as smart access network selection, connectivity and session management. This scheme applies to the mobile terminal, with mechanisms independent of the network infrastructure. The thesis analyses how existing technologies are enhanced and combined with new features to achieve this objective and gives a description of the overall concept and of its implementation. A simulated model is used to assess the validity of the proposed framework. Diverse applications to real systems that implemented the components of this framework are presented, highlighting the generality and key benefits of the concept
Quiguer, Stéphanie. "Acceptabilité, acceptation et appropriation des Systèmes de Transport Intelligents : élaboration d'un canevas de co-conception multidimensionnelle orientée par l'activité." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790392.
Haidar, Farah. "Validation platform for vehicle secure and highly trusted communications in the context of the cooperative ITS systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAT011.
Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System (C-ITS) has gained much attention in the recent years due to the large number of applications/use cases that can improve future driving experience. Future vehicles will be connected through several communication technologies which will open the door to new threats and vulnerabilities that must be taken into account. The security protection is a key subject to address before C-ITS deployment. Moreover, the wide variety of C-ITS use cases/application with different security requirements makes the security a big challenge. User's privacy and data protection are also a challenge. Automotive industry and operators should comply with the national and international legislation for the data protection in C-ITS. In order to deal with privacy issues, existing solution consists of having a pool of valid pseudonym identities, by the vehicle, and changing them during the communication. One of the motivations of this thesis is to study the performance of pseudonym certificate reloading. In other words, it is important to ensure that the latency of reloading pseudonym certificates from the PKI while driving at different speeds is acceptable. The second motivation is the investigation on threats and vulnerabilities, especially on those that come from the pseudonym certificate's use. The objective is to implement those attacks and propose new solutions or find improvements to the existing solution for detecting and preventing security attacks. Security and privacy in C-ITS are considered as big challenges. A Lot of work has been done and good solutions exist in the security and privacy domain. We notice that systems cannot be secure at 100% but driver's safety is related to system's security. For this, the aim of this thesis is to do white hack of the C-ITS in order to improve the existing solution. A risk assessment is needed to identify our target of evaluation and analyse potential risks. The final goal of this thesis is to propose a security and performance validation plate-form for vehicular communication in the context of C-ITS
El, Ali Farah. "Communication unicast dans les réseaux mobiles dynamiques." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795923.
Shang, Lu. "Économie de l’Innovation : le cas du véhicule intelligent." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12010.
Titled “Economy of innovation – The case of the intelligent (smart ?) vehicle”, this thesis deals with the growing innovation in the transportation means through the growing importance of artificial intelligence in vehicles, in infrastructures, and in centralized regulation and monitoring centers. It presents new theoretical instruments applicable for the economy of innovation by defining the framework of its behavioral aspects. These new theoretical instruments are applied to the case of designers and to the case of consumers-drivers of the intelligent vehicle. Innovative topics are the following: - the impact of intelligent systems on road safety, - the conditions for accepting and spreading intelligent systems, - the evolution of the car industry towards the intelligent vehicle, - the global design of the intelligent vehicle: the artificial intelligence embedded in the vehicle as an assistant tool or the vehicle as secondary to the intelligence of the movement
Sahraoui, Sélima. "Contribution à l'estimation des canaux relatifs aux signaux utile et interférent dans un système full-duplex dédié aux communications véhiculaires." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0008.
In this work of thesis, we propose new channel estimation approaches for a full-duplex system dédicated to vehicular communications. Both the self-interference (SI) and intended (SOI) channel are estimated. We propose different estimation méthods according to whether the pilots of the signals are transmitted jointly or separately. In the separate transmission, an estimation based on a new pilot configuration is proposed as well as a hybrid method which use both pilot configuration and training sequences.We also propose an optimisation of the conventional training-based method.It consists of improving the estimation of each training symbole. In the joint transmission, we propose two algorithms that aims to improve the estimation performances compared to the existing methods. In the first proposed method, the two channels are first estimated in the frequency domain using the Landweber iterations. The second proposition consists of using a projection matrix to manipulate only the pilots and avoid the noise that is caused by the SOI unknown datas. Finally, we propose a time and frequency-selective channel estimation for low and medium doppler frequency. Some of the proposed estimators are implemented on a real Full Duplex communication system which use Multi-reconfigurable antennas to perform the passive cancellation
Chebbi, Emna. "De la modélisation formelle à la simulation à évènements discrets : application à la conception et à l'évaluation de protocoles sûrs et sécurisés pour les communications dans les transports." Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0538.
The design of communication protocols is generally based on functional models developed from the system needs. In Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), the studied functionalities include self-organization, routing, reliability, quality of service and security. Simulation evaluations of ITS protocols mainly focus on performance in specific scenarios. However, the evolution of transportation towards autonomous vehicles requires robust protocols offering guarantees on some of their properties. Formal approaches make it possible to provide automatic proof of certain properties, but for others it is necessary to use interactive proof involving the knowledge of an Expert. The work carried out in this thesis aims to develop, in the DEVS formalism (Discrete Event System Specification), models of an ITS whose simulation would make it possible to observe the properties, possibly verified by a formal approach, in a broader scenario and to generate data on the models that could feed an interactive proof loop instead of an Expert. Targeting the CBL-OLSR (Chain-Branch-Leaf in Optimized Link State Routing) protocol, this thesis shows how a DEVS model and an equivalent formal Event-B model can be built from the same functional specification of an ad hoc network where nodes use this protocol. Safety and security properties are introduced into the formal Event-B model to be verified, and a methodology is proposed to transfer them to an equivalent DEVS model in the form of constraints, choices or observables according to preproposed criteria. Finally, this thesis also opens up the prospects for automating this design process, integrating real data on both road traffic and vehicle application flows into DEVS simulation, and interacting with specialized simulators for the various components (e. g. MATLAB for propagation models, OPNET or NS3 for communications, SUMO for mobility models); the aim being to evaluate the protocol in a very realistic system context
Wetterwald, Michelle. "Contrôle de terminaux multi-modes autonomes dans des environnements sans fil hétérogènes et indépendants." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0064/document.
Recent years have witnessed a massive evolution of mobile communications. When no agreement between the network providers exists, changing the attached network still means breaking the session and relying on the application to recover the lost data. In parallel, it is hardly possible for a mobile user to control the connectivity of his terminal. The objective of this thesis is to present the concept of an innovative technological framework for the autonomous control of multimode terminals in heterogeneous and non-federated wireless environments. The aim is to enable a self-configuring terminal to connect and roam seamlessly across independent networks, while respecting its user’s choices and preferences. The target scheme involves abstraction and cross-layer mechanisms. It takes into account constraints based on heterogeneous wireless systems, autonomous architectures and enables generic services such as smart access network selection, connectivity and session management. This scheme applies to the mobile terminal, with mechanisms independent of the network infrastructure. The thesis analyses how existing technologies are enhanced and combined with new features to achieve this objective and gives a description of the overall concept and of its implementation. A simulated model is used to assess the validity of the proposed framework. Diverse applications to real systems that implemented the components of this framework are presented, highlighting the generality and key benefits of the concept
Yakan, Hadi. "Security of V2X communications in 3GPP - 5G cellular networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG077.
The introduction of 5G networks has brought significant technical improvements; a new era of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications has emerged, offering new and advanced safety, efficiency, and other driving experience applications in the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). However, with new features come new security challenges, especially in the realm of Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) communications.This thesis focuses on the application of misbehavior detection in V2X communications within 5G networks. First, we introduce a novel misbehavior detection system integrated with 5G core (5GC) network to detect and prevent V2X attacks. Then, we propose a collaboration scheme between detection nodes to improve detection results in 5G edge networks. Last, we leverage Federated Learning to enable distributed training, and we assess the performance on a wide variety of V2X attacks
Mariyasagayam, Nestor. "Communication Véhiculaires par géolocalisation pour Systèmes de Transports Intelligents." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00613174.
Monteuuis, Jean-Philippe. "Resilience by design & failures forecasting for a connected autonomous vehicle." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAT003.
Autonomous vehicles with an automation level 5 will drive autonomously in any road scenarios such as highways, snowy roads, urban areas, or traffic jams. The integration of V2X communication, as a new source of perception for the vehicle could remove the limitations of local perception by communicating with an occluded pedestrian or by detecting in advance the presence of a vehicle under a heavy mist. However, this V2X communication may be a new source of attacks threatening the vehicle perception. Current countermeasures are not designed for all autonomous vehicles because these countermeasures require the driver assistance or work with a specific set of sensors. Therefore, the thesis aims to propose a generic failure resilient perception architecture for all types of connected and autonomous vehicles supporting different kinds of sensors. In this thesis, we propose a generic perception architecture named GPA with its failure resilient perception algorithm (FRPA). We propose a new threat analysis and risk assessment method named SARA that identifies and assess the risk of attacks targeting connected and automated vehicles with an automation level 5. To identify where and how these attacks occur, we propose an attacker and a security goal model for all automotive perception systems. We implemented two modules of our failures resilient perception algorithm (FRPA): a Machine Learning based Failure Classifier and a V2X-Sensor Correlation Module considering three kinds of source: camera, radar, and V2X. We highlighted several new attacks in the perception pipeline and raise the need for new security countermeasures such as the physical integrity of road infrastructures and trustworthy perception algorithms. Besides, our countermeasures based on machine learning and sensor correlation showed very accurate results to detect and classifies perception failures (over 90% accuracy score). Finally, the ideas developed in the thesis resulted in 10 filled patents and several publications
Tsukada, Manabu. "Gestion des communications dans les systèmes de transport intelligents coopératifs." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00706187.
Zheng, Tian. "Analyse de Fiabilité et de performance d'un Système de Véhicules Intelligents." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00866223.
Cherif, Mohamed Oussama. "Optimization of V2V and V2I communications in an operated vehicular network." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1906.
As a component of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) and one of the concrete applications of mobile ad hoc networks, vehicular networks are attracting an extensive attention from both academia and industry. The most important feature of these networks is their ability to extend the horizon of drivers and on-board devices and, thus, to make the time spent in vehicle enjoyable to both driver and passengers and improve road traffic safety and efficiency. Nevertheless, it is not usually casy to develop such systems due to the constraints related to the vehicular environment such as the road’s architecture and the high mobility of nodes. These different properties offer two major challenges which are (i) offering sufficient QoS, and (ii) limiting the generated overhead. In this thesis, we focused on both vehicle to vehicle communication and vehicle to infrastructure communication. We tried to propose some optimized solutions that improve the quality of service in vehicular networks while generating a limited overhead and make easier the deployment of new services. First, we focused on the address configuration and mobility management in vehicular networks which are basic issues that act as pedestals to all other items. We proposed a multicast-communication-based solution to minimize the handover delays. Then, we bend over to study three major items in the vehicular network context : (i) data dissemination, where we proposed a local intersection-aware data dissemination protocol called ROD, (ii) data collection, where we proposed CGP protocol. This later is based on both cellular network and V2V communications, and (iii) self organization, where we proposed a self-organizing architecture based on geographic clustering. The performances of the different contributions were evaluated via simulations studies. Some of them were also evaluated analytically or/and via on-road real tests
Silva, Rodrigo. "ITS-based decision making mechanism for opportunistic networking in heterogeneous network environment." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0174.
Demand from different actors for extended connectivity where vehicles can exchange data with other devices have pushed vehicle manufacturers to invest in embedded solutions, which paves the way towards Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS). Cooperative vehicles enable the development of an ecosystem of services around them. Due to the heterogeneousness of such services and their specific requirements, for ubiquitous connectivity it is necessary to combine existing wireless technologies, providing applications with a communication architecture that hides such underlying access technologies specificities. Moreover, due to vehicles’ high velocity it is needed a Decision Maker (DM) mechanism capable to take into account the short-term prevision about network environment in order to better manage all flow communications. Based on the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) architecture proposed by International Organization for Standardization (ISO), we proposed the Ant-based Decision Maker for Opportunistic Networking (AD4ON), a modular decision maker mechanism capable to choose the best available access network for each data flow in an heterogeneous and dynamic network environment. The proposed mechanism manages requirements and preferences from different actors, taking into account the short-term prevision about the network environment. Simulations have demonstrated that the AD4ON outperforms current benchmark algorithms, by increasing decision’s stability, reducing the “ping-pong” effect and maximizing flow’s satisfaction. Moreover, we demonstrate that taking into account the short-term prevision, the AD4ON can optimize the algorithm reaction time
Randriamasy, Malalatiana. "Localisation et transmissions sécurisées pour la communication Véhicule à Infrastructure (V2I) : Application au service de télépéage ITS-G5." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR011/document.
The precise localization of vehicles and the security of communication are requirements that make almost of the services provided in intelligent transport systems (ITS) more reliable. In recent years, they have been the subject of numerous research projects for various fields of application. In this thesis, the context is the development of an electronic toll service using the ITS-G5 technology. This wireless communication technology initially allows the sharing of traffic safety information between vehicles (V2V), vehicle and infrastructure (V2I). In our work, we propose a tolling application using equipment operating in ITS-G5 embedded in the connected vehicles and roadside units. For this, ensuring both precise geolocation of the vehicles and security of communication are required to validate the transaction.In order to properly locate the vehicles during the toll crossing, our approach is based on the understanding of the kinematics of the vehicle through a suitable modeling from the data collected in the cooperative messages (called CAM: Cooperative Awareness Message). This approach aims to improve the geolocation information already present in the message. Our goal is to achieve vehicle localization with an accuracy lower than one meter to distinguish two adjacent vehicles. On the other hand, the proposed tolling protocol ensures the authentication of the equipment or entities involved in the exchange and the validation of the transaction, the integrity of the transmitted data as well as the confidentiality of the communication. In this way, we take into account the context of the wireless communication and the sensitivity of the exchanged data. Our two contributions are integrated in the implemented Proof of Concept of the tolling application using the ITS-G5 technology
Russo, Jean-Nicola. "Evaluation du risque de téléscopage dans un contexte de véhicules communicants par la méthode des réseaux Bayésiens." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MULH2947.
Technological advances and the globalization of transport have led to an increase flow of passengers. However, in the automotive sector, technical or human problems lead to accidents that still cause thousands of injuries and deaths each year. As a result, government authorities and car manufacturers are working on new regulations and technical advances to ensure safety of every road user. To ensure that cut of deaths and injuries, an interesting research approach is to merge information from the vehicle, the driver and the environment in order to warn the driver of the risk he is taking or even to act directly on the vehicle. Thus, after defining the risk we consider, we are interested here in its modelling and estimation in real time. In this context, the deceleration of the leading vehicle is monitored and studied then we analyze and process the data through a Bayesian network in order to evaluate the rear-end risk that will be shared through vehicular communication thanks to VANet
Salameh, Nadeen. "Conception d’un système d’alerte embarqué basé sur les communications entre véhicules." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAM0016/document.
During the last recent years, ADAS systems such as collision warning, tracking, night vision and navigation systems have been developed. The development of these systems has witness eda growing importance, as they are expected to help improving both road safety and traffic efficiency. More over, they have an ability to enhance the communication between the road infrastructure and the vehicle or between vehicles for safer and efficient transportation services such as : embedded advance collision, collision avoidance and automatic control. In addition,given the rapidly increasing interest in wireless communications, cooperative ADAS define anew framework of autonomous inter vehicular communication which operates on the assumption that such vehicles consist of a multitude of coordinated advanced sensory technologies.Sensors acquire real-time data about road conditions to help the driver respond effectively by sending appropriate messages between vehicles. In addition, these data help to assess the performance of ADAS in the context of improving driver behavior. It is necessary to set some main metrics such as inter-vehicle distance, driver reaction time and time to collision. The messages are transmitted to drivers using vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs) which are a specific type of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks hold the promise to contribute to safe and more efficient roadways.In this thesis we proposed a new methodology of development to prototype ADAS. This methodology dedicated to cooperative ADAS drove us to implement a new simulated frameworkof prototyping system. This framework combines the data from three models : Geo-localizationGPS, vision and V2V communication towards an application of anti-collision warning system. A major problem in communicating ADAS systems is the quality and robustness of the communication.It depends on a large number of parameters that must be modeled to assess there liability of these systems. We developed a new prototyping system based on the principle ofaugmenting the reality in which we can replay actual data and change settings of communication environment. The GPS data and routing protocols were crucial elements for V2V model simulation into ns-2 simulator. We have performed real tests on the experimental prototyping platform LaRA. Multiple results are presented to show up the constancy of the method and the performance efficiency of real-time multi sensors in an integrated framework for collision avoidance applications. Results of this research have shown that IVCs simulations system provides enhanced data for the verification of features of new ADAS. The results of routing protocols simulation with real-time location data are integrated in the new developed prototype. The implementation of the system warning was used to estimate the number of pre-collisions detected in both real and simulated situations. The difference between these two situations was studied and analyzed for several scenarios corresponding to different road situations
Drevelle, Vincent. "Étude de méthodes ensemblistes robustes pour une localisation multi-sensorielle intègre : application à la navigation des véhicules en milieu urbain." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1986.
In this thesis, confidence domains for vehicle localization are characterized by using robust interval methods. Positioning is of prime importance in mobile robotics and more specifically for intelligent vehicle applications. When position information is used in a safety-critical context, like autonomous vehicle navigation, an integrity method is needed to check that the positioning error stays within the limits specified for the mission. In aeronautical navigation, protection levels are defined as bounds on the position error associated to a given integrity risk. This work aims to compute a confidence domain in which the user in guaranteed to be located with a given integrity risk. The possible presence of outliers is handled by the use of robust set-membership methods. Sensor measurements and model parameters are prone to errors, which are often modeled by their probability distribution. In the set-membership working frame,errors can be represented by intervals, thus making the assumption of bounded errors. When guaranteed error bounds are unknown or too pessimistic, error bounds associated with a risk can be used. The risk taken on measurements is then propagated to the computed confidence domain. Global navigation satellite systems enable high precision absolute positioning in open sky environments, but measurements suffer from multipath and non-line-ofsight propagation in urban areas. Robustness to outliers is thus needed. To counter the lack of visible satellites in urban canyons, position is constrained by a 3D map of the drivable space and by using the proprioceptive sensors embedded in recent vehicles. This document presents three positioning methods based on a robust set inversion via interval analysis with GPS pseudorange measurements : Snapshot computation of a position confidence domain, with GPS measurements and altitude constraint from a digital elevation model. Use of a precise 3D model of the drivable space as a positioning constraint, and observation of the GPS receiver’s clock drift. Robust pose estimation from a sliding horizon of positions and proprioceptive measurements, constrained by a 3D map. These positioning methods have been implemented in real-time and tested with real data in difficult environments for satellite positioning
Khan, Mohammad Irfan. "Multi-Service Resource Orchestration for Vehicular Safety Communications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS639.
Wireless channel congestion control and decentralized resource allocation for 802.11p based V2X communication have been widely investigated for a single Cooperative Awareness service, considering mostly homogenous communication requirement per vehicle. Future connected vehicles will be based on multiple V2X services, with heterogenous number of services and communication needs, which existing resource allocation mechanisms does not address. In this thesis, we analyze several decentralized congestion control and channel resource allocation protocols standardized in Europe for initial V2X deployment. We present issues with the existing approach, in particular the inefficient channel capacity utilization, problematic cross layer coordination, inability to balance resources among multiple V2X safety services and distributed resource allocation for asymmetric number of services per vehicle. We propose improvements to the shortcomings, considering the requirements of future V2X scenarios. We demonstrate the limitations of classifying V2X services using static priority for Quality of Service and propose dynamic prioritization. We design a resource orchestrator at the Service Layer to improve cross layer coordination and dynamically distribute the limited channel resource among multiple services of a vehicle. Furthermore, we present a mechanism to decentrally orchestrate channel resource among a mixed distribution of vehicles with diverse channel usage requirements under channel congestion. Analytical and simulation-based results show the validity of our proposed approach, and the V2X application performance improvement it renders, compared to existing standardized protocols
Khaled, Yacine. "Contributions aux communications dans les réseaux de véhicules : application à la pré-visibilité de route." Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1714.
The communication in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an important component of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) allowing a vehicle to communicate with others, even if they are not in the same neighbourhood. The use of communications in this type of network allows to improve the road safety as well as comfort of the driver and passengers. However, VANET behaves fundamentally different from the traditional ad hoc network, that it is characterized for high mobility and rapidly changing topology. Thus, the important challenges appear such the access to the channel and information routing. In this thesis, we deal with communication in vehicular network so that this one is applied to roads foreseeing. We start by studying the adequacy of IEEE 802. 11 standard in VANET, in order to prototype our solutions with this standard. In parallel, we study the fairness in chain of senders. Then, we analyse the routing solutions in VANET, where we propose a new taxonomy of routing protocols based on the use-cases; applications requirement and road environnement are taken into account. After, we propose a new approach of routing in VANET, in which vehicles communicate through conditions instead of to use an addressing. The knowledge of road environment allows to optimize communications by adapting the conditions of retransmissions, through the existence of a stable structure. For this usage, we propose an algorithm of detection of this structure, represented by a convoy. Finally, we implement these solutions in our two platforms: embedded and with the network simulator
Benaidja, Amira. "Echange d'informations en temps réel dans les réseaux de véhicules." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=1763&f=9560.
Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) have gained considerable attention in the past few years due to their promising applications such as safety warning, transport efficiency or mobile infotainment. Avoiding accidents and traffic jams are two main immediate benefits of vehicular networks. For instance, most drivers would like to receive real-time alerts about accidents happening at a short distance in front of their vehicles since these accidents could lead to collision chains involving tens of vehicles. Also, the ability to receive an alert about a potential traffic jam would allow drivers to take alternate routes, saving both time and fuel. In both cases, warning messages should be broadcasted to all vehicles traveling over a geographical area, and need to be delivered with high reliability, low delay and low overhead. It is therefore important to develop a reliable and efficient safety information dissemination protocol in vehicular networks. Due to the vehicle mobility and lossy wireless channel, highly reliable, scalable and fast multi-hop broadcast protocol is very challenging to design. A number of solutions have been proposed in the past few years. However, the tradeoff between reliability and efficiency in such solutions needs to be carefully considered. This thesis presents an optimal protocol for the broadcast of safety messages in VANETs. Optimality, in terms of delay and transmission count, is achieved using a broadcast strategy that exploits opposite vehicles. To carry out reliable and efficient broadcast coordination, intelligent periodic rebroadcasts, which effectively adapt our protocol to sparse and dense networks, are proposed. Simulations are conducted and results are presented to show that it has a better performance over existing competing protocols. As a second contribution, we propose an alternative Receiver-Sender approach that combines advantages of the two existing dissemination approaches (Sender-oriented and Receiver-oriented to which our first proposal belongs) to ensure low latency and high reliability. The proposal can use any sender or receiver oriented protocol but the same selected one is used during all the dissemination process. In order to overcome the unreliability and broadcast overhead generated by periodic rebroadcasts and multiple relays schemes, we introduce a DR/BDR (Designated Relay/Backup Designated Relay) mechanism where the BDR has to replace the DR when detecting,from exchanged colored beacons, its failure in informing concerned vehicles
Raileanu, Silviu. "Proposition d’un modèle générique de pilotage pour un système à flux guidés : Application des concepts holoniques au transport intelligent (FMS/PRT)." Valenciennes, 2011. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/38191159-98bd-4bea-b774-7f2e39b5bf66.
Thesis addresses the problem of controlling a system based on physical flow in the field of FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) and PRT (Personal Rapid Transit). The flow is considered as constitued of "intelligent" entities which become "intelligent products" in the case of (FMS) or “intelligent vehicles" in the case of (PRT). A model-based on decision-making entities with regard to the control (SAE: System-based Active Entities) is offered. The SAE model is tranformed into an "holonic model" and a generic holon AGH (Active Generalized Holon) is introduced as an holonic component of foundation. Then, the HSAE holonic model (Holonic System-based Active Entities) for the control of an “intelligent” physical flow is proposed. This model puts the emphasis on the "flow holon" (FH) which allos to model, for instance, an “intelligent” product or an “intelligent” vehicle. The "flow holon" is able of making decisions with regard to the process allocation and/or routing. The HSAE model includes a static part and a behaviour part. This last part is based on the concept of "open-control". It combines an explicit control of type "master-slave" with an implicit control based on “influence” of the behaviour of entities. HSAE model is then the object of an experimental study to assess its validity. Experimentation wase performed on the flexible cell of the CIMR laboratory in Bucharest (Romania) for the field of FMS and on the platform AIP-PRIMECA Nord-Pas de Calais of Valenciennes (France) for the field of PRT. HSAE model has been of great usefulness in acting as a reference frame in the elaboration of the control architectures adopted in both fields of studies
Ribouh, Soheyb. "Identification de l'environnement basée sur l'estimation de canal et génération de clés de sécurité pour les communications véhiculaires." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPHF0029.
Autonomous connected vehicles are expected to see prevalent usage as part ofthe next generation of transportation systems and the smart road vision Since thevehicular environment is highly mobile, the transmitted messages are affected by thewireless channel effect. This makes channel estimation one of the challenging tasksin Vehicle-To-Everything (V2X) communications. In this context, we propose a novelMultiple Sequential Constraint Removal (MSCR) algorithm of channel estimation,dedicated to OFDM systems based-V2X communications. In addition, identifyingthe environment where the vehicle is driving along is quite important in order toallow the vehicle to make the correct self- driving decisions. Thus by exploiting theestimated wireless channel characteristics, we propose a novel vehicular environmentidentification approach based on deep learning, where the estimated channel stateinformation (CSI) are used as input features for the proposed model. Besides that,as the vehicular environment is open access exchanged messages through V2X communicationare vulnerable to attacks. Therefore, we propose a novel physical layerkey generation algorithm in order to secure vehicular communications, where the CSIvalues are used as a source of randomness. Our key generation algorithm has beenimplemented on USRP Software-Defined Radios (SDR) cards and has been tested ona real-world testbed vehicular environment. The performance evaluation results of allthe proposed methods (MSCR channel estimation algorithm, environment identificationsapproach, and key generation algorithm), show that they meet the performancesrequired in a vehicular environment
Bonnefoi, Fabien. "Vérification formelle des spécifications de systèmes complexes par réseaux de Petri : application aux systèmes de transport intelligents." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066616.
Gherbi, Elies. "Apprentissage automatique pour la détection d'intrusion dans les systèmes du transport intelligent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG037.
Despite all the different technological innovations and advances in the automotive field, autonomous vehicles are still in the testing phase. Many actors are working on several improvements in many domains to make autonomous cars the safest option. One of the important dimensions is cybersecurity. Autonomous vehicles will be prone to cyberattacks, and criminals might be motivated to hack into the vehicles' operating systems, steal essential passenger data, or disrupt its operation and jeopardize the passenger's safety. Thus, cybersecurity remains one of the biggest obstacles to overcome to ensure vehicles safety and the contribution that this technology can bring to society. Indeed, the actual and future design and implementation of Autonomous Vehicles imply many communication interfaces, In-vehicle communication of the embedded system, Vehicle-to-X (V2X) communications between the vehicle and other connected vehicles and structures on the roads. Even though the cybersecurity aspect is incorporated by design, meaning that the system needs to satisfy security standards (anti-virus, firewall, etc.), we cannot ensure that all possible breaches are covered. The Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has been introduced in the IT world to assess the state of the network and detect if a violation occurs. Many experiences and the history of IT have inspired the cybersecurity for autonomous vehicles. Nevertheless, autonomous vehicles exhibit their own needs and constraints. The current state of vehicles evolution has been made possible through successive innovations in many industrial and research fields. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of them. It enables learning and implementing the most fundamental self-driving tasks. This thesis aims to develop an intelligent invehicle Intrusion detection system (IDS) using machine learning (ml) from an automotive perspective, to assess and evaluate the impact of machine learning on enhancing the security of future vehicle intrusion detection system that fits in-vehicle computational constraints. Future In-vehicle network architecture is composed of different subsystems formed of other ECUs (Electronic Controller Units). Each subsystem is vehicles. Our primary focus is on In-vehicle communication security. We conduct an empirical investigation to determine the underlying needs and constraints that in-vehicle systems require. First, we review the deep learning literature for anomaly detection and studies on autonomous vehicle intrusion detection systems using deep learning. We notice many works on in-vehicle intrusion detection systems, but not all of them consider the constraints of autonomous vehicle systems. We conduct an empirical investigation to determine the underlying needs and constraints that in-vehicle systems require. We review the deep learning literature for anomaly detection, and there is a lack of tailored study on autonomous vehicle intrusion detection systems using Deep Learning (DL). In such applications, the data is unbalanced: the rate of normal examples is much higher than the anomalous examples. The emergence of generative adversarial networks (GANs) has recently brought new algorithms for anomaly detection. We develop an adversarial approach for anomaly detection based on an Encoding adversarial network (EAN). Considering the behaviour and the lightweight nature of in-vehicle networks, we show that EAN remains robust to the increase of normal examples modalities, and only a sub-part of the neural network is used for the detection phase. Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the mostused vehicle bus standards designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate. We propose a Deep CAN intrusion detection system framework. We introduce a Multi-Variate Time Series representation for asynchronous CAN data. We show that this representation enhances the temporal modelling of deep learning architectures for anomaly detection
Sun, Qi. "Analyse de Performances de Régulateurs de Vitesse Adaptatifs Coopératifs." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECLI0020/document.
This PhD thesis is dedicated to the performance analysis of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) system for intelligent vehicle platoon with the main aims of alleviating traffic congestion and improving traffic safety. At first, the Constant Time Headway (CTH) spacing policy for vehicle platoon is introduced. Based on this spacing policy, a novel decentralized Two-Vehicle-Ahead CACC (TVACACC) system is proposed, in which the desired acceleration of two front vehicles is taken into account. Then the string stability of the proposed system is theoretically analyzed. It is shown that by using the multiple wireless communication among vehicles, a better string stability is obtained compared to the conventional system. Vehicle platoon in Stop-and-Go scenario is simulated with both normal and degraded communication.Secondly, a graceful degradation technique for CACC was presented, as an alternative fallback strategy when wireless communication is lost or badly degraded. The proposed strategy, which is referred to DTVACACC, uses Kalman filter to estimate the preceding vehicle’s current acceleration as a replacement of the desired acceleration. It is shown that the performance is maintained at a much higher level.Finally, a Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach of CACC system is proposed. The policy-gradient algorithm is introduced to achieve the longitudinal control. Then simulation has shown that this new RL approach results in efficient performance for CACC
Gashaw, Sosina Mengistu. "Modélisation de trafic routier hétérogène pour systèmes de transport intelligents." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4202/document.
This dissertation models and analyzes heterogeneous traffic flow, with a particular focus on mixed traffic flow consisting of cars and two-wheelers. The increase in traffic congestion induces commuters to switch to powered two wheelers (PTWs), i.e. motorcycle, mopeds and scooters, because of their high maneuverability and space efficiency. The growth in number of PTWs, combined with their unique mobility features, results in complex traffic characteristics which are difficult to recreate with the existing modeling approaches. We develop an analytical model that can accurately reproduce the traffic features in a mixed flow of cars and PTWs. The traffic stream is decomposed into two vehicle classes, PTWs and cars. The fundamental properties are derived by employing a porous flow approach. It is assumed that the speed of a vehicle class is dictated by the physical and motion properties of the vehicle class, and the distribution of free spaces on the road. We propose an approximation method to derive the free-space distribution. In order to explore broader aspects of the traffic flow characteristics, notably required by intelligent transport system (ITS) applications, we formulate the model in the Lagrangian and the Eulerian frameworks. Further, we provide a numerical method for the discretization of the mathematical model. We analyze the flow characteristics of mixed PTWs and cars traffic and identify important properties, which give insights for future ITS solutions and traffic policy makers. The applicability of the model for different ITS applications is illustrated. Finally, the developed model is validated using a microsimulation tool
Gomez, Garcia Arturo. "Architecture VPAIR : agents de police virtuels pour la gestion par ITS du trafic routier." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_gomez_garcia.pdf.
Problem of vehicular traffic congestion. Our research aims to provide an alternative architecture in complement to the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) with the following objectives: i) design of an affordable architecture based on traffic information systems, ii) the inclusion of this architecture in the standards of current ITS architectures, iii) the traffic route assignment problem, and iv) the traffic data dissemination. To overcome the complexity of traffic congestion in urban settlements we propose an alternative architecture called VPAIR (Virtual Police Agents for ITS Traffic Routing) ori- ented to complement the actual ITS frameworks. Here, the principal actor is the Inter- vehicle communications built upon a design of light infrastructure and cost affordable. Our architecture responds mostly to the demands of related ITS services dealing with the traffic congestion. Especially in cities unable to deploy current solutions because of budget constraints. However, another important aspect is the breach in implementing such IVC-based proposals into running ITS implementations. In order to close this gap, we examine the existent ITS architectures and propose an integration process to conform our architecture proposal into ITS standards based on a case study. Notwithstanding the several approaches to deal with traffic congestion, the traffic information systems aims are improving the fluidness of transport while dodging new congestion sources that might degrade the transportation mobility. This can be delimited to the traffic route assignment problem. We propose a simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment to tackle the traffic congestion in order to improve greatly the global travel time of the drivers. Finally, we review an important player in the proposed architecture: the traffic data dissemination. We propose a composite solution to provide a pervasive dissemination of the traffic information. Moreover, we assess our solutions by simulation-based evaluations under a city-size scenario in order to study more faithfully the impact of our solution
Dumortier, Yann. "Perception monoculaire de l'environnement pour les systèmes de transport intelligents." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005607.
Gate, Gwennaël. "Systèmes de perception robustes pour environnements dynamiques : applications aux systèmes d'évitement de piétons." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00006057.
Sobieraj, Jérémy. "Méthodes et outils pour la conception de systèmes de transport intelligents coopératifs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLE038/document.
The car is the most used mode of transport in Europe and North America. Today, it is increasingly secure thanks to driver assistance systems. However, it is still the largest share of road accidents in France, 90 % of which are caused by humans. From 2020, new types of vehicles will appear on the road: they are vehicles whose decision will no longer depend only on the human driver, commonly called autonomous vehicles.To design such systems, three main requirements must be respected at the same time: the safety (respect of traffic laws), the efficiency (go as fast as possible) and the comfort (not to feel in danger in the vehicle). In addition to imagine a vehicle where only on-board sensors provide the necessary information to drive, one can add the ability to communicate with other vehicles or the road infrastructure. This last point have to take into account a fourth requirement, courtesy (does not have a negative impact on surrounding vehicles). It can also help to manage a similar situation where vehicles driven by human beings and autonomous vehicles will be in the same environment.To study these behaviors, computer simulation can be a good solution to set up a range of possible scenarios in different environments. However, this imposes a level of abstraction that can affect the level of realism of the model.In this PhD thesis, we defined methods and tools to define a methodology for designing Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems. From a vehicle model, we have shown that we can simulate it and then formally check it. From the model obtained, compatibility with a more realistic simulator is ensured. In addition, based on a simulation tool, we have implemented a cooperation protocol that allows vehicles to adapt more easily to current road environments