Дисертації з теми "Systèmes à base de connaissance"
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Fass, Didier. "Base de connaissances multimodales et esthétique de la connaissance, aide à l'action et réalité virtuelle : théorie et expériences." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10264.
Individual and natural or artificial environments, are impossible to separate. They implement the individual-environment complex. Knowledge is gathered from interactions and dynamics of the individual-environment complex and motivate behavior. It is an evolutional, adaptative and integrative physiological process. It is fundamentally linked to emotions, mnesic processes, perception and action. Then, designing artefactual based knowledge environment consists of making biological individual and artefactual physical system consistency. That needs an è̀co-ethological'' approach, both for knowledge modelisation and technological system design. Virtual reality and augmented reality technologies, since they are multimodal and aesthetic, are obviously the tools for the design and development of the assistance action and multimodal knowledge based artefactual environments. This thesis is based on theorical and experimental demonstrations. The theorical part develops an epistemological critics, a multidisciplinary analysies of the state of the art and some new concepts proposition for interaction sciences, knowlegde ingeneering and artificial environment for intelligent assistance design. The experimental part, which uses drawing gesture in the three dimensional space and on support, presents experiements carried out in the laboratory and during parabolic flight in hypergravity and weightlessness
Silue, Siaka. "Une contribution pour l'aide à la gestion d'un système à base de connaissance." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1099.
Hadj-Mabrouk, Habib. "Apprentissage automatique et acquisition des connaissances : deux approches complementaires pour les systèmes à base de connaissances : application au système Acasya d'aide à la certification des systèmes de transport automatisés." Valenciennes, 1992. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/baee7687-792f-4762-b86e-586d4cbd0596.
Bouzeghoub, Mokrane. "Secsi : un système expert en conception de systèmes d'informations, modélisation conceptuelle de schémas de bases de données." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066046.
Sarkis, Georges. "Communication entre les systèmes de CAO et les systèmes experts à base de connaissance en bâtiment dans un environnement d'intelligence artificielle." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENPC9202.
Hadj, Kacem Ahmed. "Systèmes à base de connaissances coopératifs : modélisation des connaissances et étude du contrôle." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30037.
Aguilera, Ana Isabel. "Construction dynamique d'une base de connaissance dans le cadre du diagnostic médical multi-experts." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S144.
The research work presented in this thesis is related to the definition of knowledge acquisition method from multi-experts in medical diagnosis. Indeed, the medical environments and their knowledge associated have specific characteristics which require additional efforts in the design of knowledge systems. Our method consisted of three phases: 1) conceptual modeling of the agents which participate in the problem resolution, 2) development of computer tools for the knowledge acquisition and 3) validation of knowledge acquired. We achieved the phases described by our method and finally, we built a case base based on true cases and experts have validated it
Zelfani, Margheni. "Ingénierie de la connaissance et raisonnement dans un univers multi-agents : Xpent-Cassis, un système à base de connaissances en géotechnique." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET4031.
Konieczny, Sébastien. "Sur le logique du changement : révision et fusion de base de connaissance." Lille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL10177.
Lacroix, Timothée. "Décompositions tensorielles pour la complétion de bases de connaissance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC1002.
In this thesis, we focus on the problem of link prediction in binary tensors of order three and four containing positive observations only. Tensors of this type appear in web recommender systems, in bio-informatics for the completion of protein interaction databases, or more generally for the completion of knowledge bases. We benchmark our completion methods on knowledge bases which represent a variety of relationnal data and scales.Our approach is parallel to that of matrix completion. We optimize a non-convex regularised empirical risk objective over low-rank tensors. Our method is empirically validated on several databases, performing better than the state of the art.These performances however can only be reached for ranks that would not scale to full modern knowledge bases such as Wikidata. We focus on the Tucker decomposition which is more expressive than the Canonical decomposition but also harder to optimize. By fixing the adaptive algorithm Adagrad, we obtain a method to efficiently optimize Tucker decompositions with a fixed random core tensor. With these method, we obtain improved performances on several benchmarks for limited parameters per entities.Finally, we study the case of temporal knowledge bases, in which the predicates are only valid over certain time intervals. We propose a low-rank formulation and regularizer adapted to the temporal structure of the problem and obtain better performances than the state of the art
Koussoube, Souleymane. "Le raisonnement temporel dans les systèmes à base de connaissance : aide à la conduite de la réanimation." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30192.
Duribreux-Cocquebert, Michèle. "Modesti : vers une méthodologie interactive de développement de systèmes à base de connaissances." Valenciennes, 1995. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1afd179f-9dbe-4079-ae6e-016ecf9ca6d2.
Benmimoune, Lamine. "Une approche pour la conception de systèmes d'aide à la décision médicale basés sur un raisonnement mixte à base de connaissance." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BELF0307/document.
To support health professionals in their clinical processes, several monitoring and medical care systems have beenbuilt and deployed in the hospital setting. These systems are mainly used to collect medical data on patients,analyze and present the outcomes in different ways. They represent support and assistance to health professionalsin their decision making regarding the evolution in the health status of the patients followed. The use of suchsystems always requires an adaptation to both the medical field and the mode of intervention. It is necessary, in ahospital setting, to adapt and evolve these systems in a simple manner, limiting any corrective or evolutionarymaintenance. Moreover, these systems should be able to consider dynamically the domain knowledge from medicalexperts.To meet these requirements, we proposed an approach for the construction of a medical decision support system(MDSS). This MDSS can adapt to the medical field and to the appropriate mode of intervention to assist healthprofessionals in their clinical processes. This approach allows especially the organization of the medical datacollection by taking into account the patient¿s context, the ontology-based knowledge representation of the domainand permits the exploitation of the medical guidelines and the clinical experience.In continuity of our research team¿s previous work, we chose to expand with our approach, the E-care platformwhich is dedicated to monitoring and early detection of any abnormality of the health status of patients with chronicdiseases. We were able to adapt easily the E-care platform for the various experiments that have been conducted,including EPHAD of the Mutualité Française in Anjou-Mayenne, Hautepierre hospital and Lausanne hospital(CHUV).The outcomes of these experiments have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Where, the adaptationof the platform regarding to the domain and mode of intervention of each of these experiments is limited to thesimple configuration. Furthermore, the proposed approach has attracted the interest of the medical staff regardingthe organization of the medical data collection, and the exploitation of the medical knowledge which bringsassistance to the health professionals for better decision making
Kansou, Kamal. "Elaboration d'un système à base de connaissances hétérogènes pour la panification française." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2016.
In Food science, the operating limits of the existing mechanistic models bring the researchers to incorporate the knowhow of the field into their models. Taking advantage of both, know-how and scientific knowledge, is also a challenge for knowledge engineering. In this work, we propose to exploit the available domain’s knowledge so to build a model of the French breadmaking process. Our approach proceeds in two stages: representing the structure of the whole process, representing the transformation operations of the process by using a qualitative algebra, our formal knowledge representation’s tool. We set out to: i / formalize a structured approach to model the whole process, ii / extend the theoretical tools of the qualitative algebra (Q, ≈, ⊕,⊗) iii / apply this formalism to the modeling of the operations composing the system. We have shown how to complete the systemic representation of the process so to increase the use properties of the models, that the qualitative algebra is suitable for representing the expertise in breadmaking, its use can even lead to making new knowledge emerge, and finally, that the association of qualitative and quantitative models allow to simulate the dynamic of an operation of the process. Finally the theoretical tools introduced should facilitate the calculation and the use of the qualitative algebra. A preliminary model’s validation has yielded encouraging results, the validation of a model that can handle over 109 different combinations of inputs is an extension of this work
Griech, Brahim. "Un système interactif d'aide à la décision base sur la connaissance pour l'estimation des coûts de développements des logiciels." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066509.
Abramik, Stanisław. "Base de connaissance des défauts des systèmes électriques pour systèmes experts : contribution à l'étude du diagnostic de défaillance des convertisseurs statiques en temps réel." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT030H.
Senges, Valérie. "Coopération homme-machine dans les systèmes à base de connaissances." Toulouse 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU10019.
In order to improve cooperation with knowledge based systems, we propose to define cooperation models. These models contain the main characteristics of users in order to adapt the behavior of the system. This thesis proposes a methodology for the construction of human-machine cooperation models in knowledge based systems. The cooperation model describes the relationships existing between the knowledge domain of the user and the domain knowledge of the expert in order that the system exchanges with the user information that he or she is able to understand. Thus, the methodology proposed enables the construction of a cooperation model or each type of user. This types are defined according to all the users who may use the system. Each model contains several tasks distributions between user and computer. Theses distributions respect the organizational rules and guide more or less the users during the use of the system according to their expertise level. This human-machine cooperation is defined during the design of the system. It enables to improve human-machine interaction with kbs taking into account :. The organizational rules which define the decision margin of the users ;. The knowledge domain of the users ;. The abilities and the aims of the users
Duhamel, Alain. "Bases de données cliniques et systèmes experts : méthodologie d'extraction de la connaissance." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1989. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00335614.
Duhamel, Alain. "Bases de données cliniques et systèmes experts : méthodologie d'extraction de la connaissance." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00335614.
Chabot, Robert. "La nécessité d'une analyse sociologique des situations de travail préalablement au recueil des connaissances et à leur formalisation dans la base de connaissance d'un système expert." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10008.
When a company wants to develop an expert system, several problems of methodology occur concerning the clarification of knowledge prior to its formalization. To these knowledge-acquisition difficulties is added the problem of the expert system's organizational integration. What are the consequences on work organisation and on the contents of the tasks ? As a metter of fact, in artificial intelligence, the expertise corresponds to what we call "knows", i. E. The product of an interaction between the actor, the technical plan of action and his environment, whereas knowledge as information is the condition of "knows" development. Within the context of research in collaboration with a company developping an expert system, we tried to show in what way sociology, through its methods concerning analysing work situations and technnical practices, was fully capable of providing the knowledge-engineer with useful tools for assessment, localization and description of knows
Szafnicki, Konrad. "Système à base de connaissances pour l'identification des procédés." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0105.
Koriche, Frédéric. "Raisonnement approximatif dans les systèmes à base de connaissances coopératifs." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20005.
Cao, Xiao-Bin. "Contribution à l'élaboration de systèmes d'aide à la conception à base de connaissance ayant des facultés d'apprentissage : application à la confection." Valenciennes, 1992. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/ce40e354-4118-4819-b081-fdc4e0093c08.
Benkirane, Mohammed. "Contribution à la méthodologie d'extraction de connaissances dans le domaine du diagnostic technique." Valenciennes, 1991. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7ea877be-989c-4c50-a4f5-d00844b49702.
Ramdani, Mohammed. "Système d'induction formelle à base de connaissances imprécises." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066237.
Sarkis, Georges. "Communications entre les systèmes de CAO et les systèmes experts à bases de connaissances en bâtiment dans un environnement d'intelligence artificielle." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523171.
Djeraba, Chaabane. "Quelques liens sémantiques dans un système à base de connaissances." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10289.
Pierret-Golbreich, Christine. "Vers un système à base de connaissances centrées-objet pour la modélisation de systèmes dynamiques en biologie." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD144.
This thesis comes within the framework of the multi-disciplinary field of artificial intelligence applied to automatic control and biology. It shows how the recent progress made in computer science, and particularly in artificial intelligence has led to the development of a new type of system for computer-aided modelling in biology. It describes the implementation of such a system's knowledge base which uses interdependent units called schemes, without any other type of representation unit. Notably no rules were needed because the knowledge bases management system has its own inference mechanisms. This research aims at demonstrating how a multi-expert base can be built in order to allow collaboration between several different fields of knowledge
Tayar, Nina. "Gestion des versions pour la construction incrémentale et partagée de bases de connaissances." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005065.
Alvares, Luis Otavio Campos. "Contribution à l'étude du pilotage de la modélisation des systèmes d'information." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00329689.
Theret, Philippe. "De l'efficacité des interpréteurs de systèmes de règles de production dans les systèmes à base de connaissances." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA132011.
Guarnieri, Franck. "Modèles de systèmes et systèmes de modèles dans les systèmes à base de connaissances : application à la prévention des incendies de forêts." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10226.
Bailly, Nicolas. "Bases de données et systèmes à base de connaissances en systématique : application aux Gadiformes (Actinopterygii : Teleostei)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MNHN0042.
The present work shows that : a) the Taxonomists must clearly differentiate the tools they use for their daily work from those they can use to diffuse their results to the other scientists or to a large readership. B) the actual tools are weakly operational for the Systematics work because the structures of data do not allow the “manipulation” of the “objects of the world” and the definite concepts, with the same intellectual stringency. C) conversely, if Systematic use a whole corpus of concepts and methods developed along the years, we cannot define them precisely in a formal manner, and this hampers the realisation of adapted data processing tools. It is necessary to set up : a) precise definitions of Systematics for several levels of the discourse : Systematics as : 1) results to be obtained for the society, 2) a science inside Biology, 3) occasional purposes to be achieve according to the state of knowledge of the moment and of conceptual and methodological developments. It is suggested that this last type of definition could be confined inside Systematics. B) formal definitions of “objects of the world” and of the associated concepts (organism, individual, specimen, semaphoront, holomprph, population, species, taxon), an nomenclatural and taxonomic concepts. C) the corresponding structures of data and useable for the actual relational SGBD with the taxon Gadiformes as an example. D) a “modelling” of the work of the Taxonomists. To conclude, the main purpose of fundamental Biology in the 21th century is to express mathematically its own concepts either with preexisting tools, or with new adapted tools. This effort is absolutely necessary to develop the ad hoc computerized tools but, also for a general aim of formalization of the communication between scientists, the natural language that must be used to explain the notions of the concepts and their formal definitions
Retour, Didier. "Systèmes à base de connaissances en gestion : étude empirique de sept applications pionnières." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21017.
Semaan, Issa. "Traitement de l'incertain dans une base de connaissances sur le sol." Artois, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ARTO0202.
Corman, Julien. "Knowledge base ontological debugging guided by linguistic evidence." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10070/document.
When they grow in size, knowledge bases (KBs) tend to include sets of axioms which are intuitively absurd but nonetheless logically consistent. This is particularly true of data expressed in OWL, as part of the Semantic Web framework, which favors the aggregation of set of statements from multiple sources of knowledge, with overlapping signatures.Identifying nonsense is essential if one wants to avoid undesired inferences, but the sparse usage of negation within these datasets generally prevents the detection of such cases on a strict logical basis. And even if the KB is inconsistent, identifying the axioms responsible for the nonsense remains a non trivial task. This thesis investigates the usage of automatically gathered linguistic evidence in order to detect and repair violations of common sense within such datasets. The main intuition consists in exploiting distributional similarity between named individuals of an input KB, in order to identify consequences which are unlikely to hold if the rest of the KB does. Then the repair phase consists in selecting axioms to be preferably discarded (or at least amended) in order to get rid of the nonsense. A second strategy is also presented, which consists in strengthening the input KB with a foundational ontology, in order to obtain an inconsistency, before performing a form of knowledge base debugging/revision which incorporates this linguistic input. This last step may also be applied directly to an inconsistent input KB. These propositions are evaluated with different sets of statements issued from the Linked Open Data cloud, as well as datasets of a higher quality, but which were automatically degraded for the evaluation. The results seem to indicate that distributional evidence may actually constitute a relevant common ground for deciding between conflicting axioms
Santucci, Jean-François. "Contribution à l'élaboration de THESEE, un système à base de connaissance d'aide à la génération de séquences de test pour les cartes digitales." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30016.
Shu, Wu. "Contributions à la détection des anomalies et au développement des systèmes de recommandation." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6563.
Barcikowski, Mathieu. "Vers une évaluation de la robustesse des connaissances au sein d’une base de connaissances." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10233.
Technical knowledge is difficult to formalize and is dynamic because of evolution of techniques and technologies. Validation and verification of knowledge are not enough. To be exploitable, they must be able to resist the evolutions of the environment. We propose to qualify this resistance under the more general concept of knowledge robustness. Knowledge robustness, represented by the temporal robustness and contextual robustness, is defined by a set of indicators of robustness. These indicators are evaluated thanks to the analysis of the activity of the systems exploiting knowledge represented in the form of a knowledge base. KROeVET is a tool for evaluation and visualization of knowledge robustness
Vilhelm, Christian. "Conception et développement d'un outil de traitement de connaissances, combinant les approches objet et connexionnistes : Application au domaine des soins intensifs." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1114.
Lee, Inkyu. "Système à base de connaissances pour l'étude de l'optimisation du métabolisme microbien." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD671.
Faron-Zucker, Catherine. "Connaissances taxinomiques : représentation et taxinomies comportant des exceptions et construction d'hypermédias à base de connaissances taxinomiques." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066326.
Ploux, Sabine. "Les modèles analogiques et le contrôle dans les systèmes à base de règles." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10102.
De, Mattos Pinto Coelho Eliana. "Réutilisation de méthodes de résolution de problèmes dans les systèmes à base de connaissances." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ32603.pdf.
Lounis, Hakim. "Vérifier, évaluer et réviser des systèmes à base de connaissances : contribution de l'apprentissage automatique." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112333.
Emery, Thierry. "Contribution au contrôle dynamique de la cohérence dans les systèmes à base de connaissances." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD180.
Fouet, Jean-Marc. "Utilisation de connaissances pour améliorer l'utilisation de connaissances : la machine Gosseyn." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066378.
Bertaud-Gounot, Valérie. "Proposition d'un modèle constructiviste de base de connaissance fondé sur une ontologie des signes permettant les raisonnements abductif et déductif : la représentation du signe en médecine." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1B105.
Senoune, Redouane. "Acquisition de connaissances et apprentissage automatique : contribution pour le développement incrémental d'un système à base de connaissances pour les situations de crise : application au domaine de l'eau." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/82/23/35/PDF/1995_Senoune_Redouane.pdf.
[The subject of this thesis is the development of a Knowledge-Based System for situations of crisis. Two main research issues have been studied during the of the system : knowledge acquisition and knowledge validation. The knowledge acquisition part integrates both knowledge acquisition and machine learning techniques. As a first step, the knowledge acquisition methods have been used to identify the descriptive and strategic domain knowledge and to construct the description language to use for defining the examples needed for the machine learning. The second step is to use a machine learning technique to incrementally construct a knowledge graph using cases on interventions in situations of crisis obtained from the domain experts. Two different procedures are proposed for the exploitation phase of the system. The first procedure is the interactive use of the knowledge graph, while the second is the deductive use of the knowledge graph. The knowledge validation approach proposed is based on the interactive use of the knowledge graph and on a follow-up on expert interventions in situations of crisis. ]
Bennani, Mohammed. "Un superviseur à base de connaissances en synthèse d'asservissement : SuBaCoSyAs." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10129.