Статті в журналах: "System interactions"

1

Gray, J. A. "Systems and system interactions." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8, no. 4 (December 1985): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00045209.

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2

Aliev, I. I., S. Sh Ismailova, and M. H. Shakhbazov. "RESEARCH CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS IN THE CuTe–As2Te3 SYSTEM." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 1 (April 9, 2021): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2021-1-67-71.

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By the methods of DTA, XRD, MSA, as well as by measuring the microhardness and determining the density of the alloys, the CuTe–As2Te3 system was studied and a phase diagram was constructed. The system state diagram is of the eutectic type and it is characterized by one chemical compound of Cu3As4Te9 composition. Compounds Cu3As4Te9 melts incongruently at 3200C. Solid solutions based on As2Te3 reaches 8 mol %, and based on CuTe solid solutions are practically not installed. Cu3As4Te9 and As2Te3 form an eutectic composition of 45 mol % As2Te3 and temperature 2650C. The results of X-ray phase analysis have shown that the Сu3As4Te9 compounds is crystallized in the tetragonal syngony with lattice parameters: a = 13.86, c = 18.05 Å, Z = 9, ρpyk. = 6.96 g/cm3, ρrent. = 7.06 g/cm3

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3

Hawkins, Melissa, and Chris James. "Developing a perspective on schools as complex, evolving, loosely linking systems." Educational Management Administration & Leadership 46, no. 5 (June 1, 2017): 729–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143217711192.

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The rationale for this article is to give complexity the central place it warrants in school leadership, management and organisational practice and research. We analyse the relevant literature, particularly that relating to complex human systems and their loose coupling nature. The analysis reveals the dimensions of complex human systems and consequences that emanate from those dimensions, which include system evolution. We use the dimensions, together with notions of interactional capability, opportunities for interaction, the legitimacy of interactions and the extent to which the institutional primary task conditions interactions, to create an organisational/institutional perspective on schools as complex, evolving, loosely linking systems (CELLS). Five main systems of a school as a whole-school system are identified: the teaching staff system; the ancillary staff system; the student system; the parent system; and significant other systems in the wider system. In the article, we illustrate the nature of the teaching staff system from a CELLS perspective. We discuss issues arising from our analyses: interaction, influence and leadership; ontological issues; the nature of ‘the school’; the significance of the parent system; the special nature of interactions between the members of the teaching staff system and the student system; and institutional performance.

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4

Tamaki, Haruya, Tsugunosuke Sakai, Yosuke Ota, Fusako Kusunoki, Shigenori Inagaki, Ryohei Egusa, Masanori Sugimoto, and Hiroshi Mizoguchi. "System for Art Knowledge Improvement by Interactions with Pictures." Journal of the Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers 5, no. 2 (April 25, 2017): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/jiiae.5.59.

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5

Ansel, John C., Alan H. Kaynard, Cheryl A. Armstrong, John Olerud, Nigel Bunnett, and Donald Payan. "Skin-Nervous System Interactions." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 106, no. 1 (January 1996): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12330326.

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6

Riether, Gernot. "Aia Pavilion System Interactions." Journal of Green Building 6, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.6.2.29.

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This paper will discuss the assembly and construction process of the AIA pavilion, a 180sf lightweight structure in the French Quarter of the historic city of New Orleans. The paper will demonstrate how parametric software, such as Grasshopper can inform fabrication and material systems. It will explain the fabrication process of a pavilion in detail and make an argument for plastic as a material that not only responds to the malleable characteristic of digital tools but also to environmental issues.

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7

Stillwell, R. P., N. J. Stevens, G. K. Crawford, S. R. Strader, and J. R. Valles. "AC system-plasma interactions." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 35, no. 6 (1988): 1394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.25470.

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8

Gaillard, Rolf C. "Neuroendocrine-immune system interactions." Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism 5, no. 7 (September 1994): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1043-2760(94)p3206-m.

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9

Ndumbaro, Faraja. "Understanding user-system interactions." Information Development 34, no. 3 (February 15, 2017): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666917693885.

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This paper presents findings of a study that examines how the Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) of the University of Dar es Salaam library is used; the extent to which users succeed in locating information; and the reasons behind search failure. OPAC transaction logs were collected unobtrusively between January and December 2015, which were then subjected to transaction log analysis. The results indicate a relatively low use of OPAC, with default keyword search, author, title and subject terms being the most preferred access points. Only 102,037 (19.2%) of the search queries received zero hits. Reasons for search failure were multiple. They included spelling mistakes, use of wrong syntax, searching in inappropriate search fields, users’ lack of knowledge of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) and materials unavailability. Thus, the paper suggests redesigning OPAC interface to include features of the ‘next generation’ catalogue and exposing users to evidence-based information literacy.

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10

Fehervari, Zoltan. "Antibiotics–immune system interactions." Nature Immunology 19, no. 2 (January 18, 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41590-017-0041-7.

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11

S, Lakshmana Prabu. "Toxicity Interactions of Nanomaterials in Biological System: A Pressing Priority." Bioequivalence & Bioavailability International Journal 6, no. 2 (July 15, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/beba-16000173.

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Nanomaterials have made a rebellion in biomedical application especially treating several diseases due to its distinctive compositions. However, increased utilization of nanomaterials in biomedical applications has made an initiative to understand the possible interaction between the nanomaterials with the biological systems. These tiny particles enter into the body very easily and affect vulnerable systems which raise the interrogation of their potential effects on the susceptible organs. It is very crucial to comprehend the various exposure pathways, their movement, behavior and ultimate outcome. Specific and unique physicochemical properties, such as particle size and distribution, surface area, charge and coatings, particle shape/ structure, dissolution and aggregation, influence the nanomaterial interactions with cells. Toxicities in biological systems occurs as a result of a result of a variety of reasons including the production of ROS reactive oxygen species, degradation of the integrity of membrane and release of toxic metal ions thus preventing normal cell function. Various researchers have provided promising evidence that nanomaterial’s actively encompass and mediate chemical processes of cell, in addition to their passive interactions with cells. Certainly, it is very much essential to understand the possible toxic interactions of nanomaterial’s with the biological system as Nano toxicology. In this review, we emphasize the toxicological effects on different organs pertaining to nanomaterial-biological system interaction

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12

Vorovka, Volodymyr. "System-forming factors of the organization of coastal paradynamic landscape systems." Physical Geography and Geomorphology 89, no. 1 (2018): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/phgg.2018.1.09.

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The basis of system-forming factors of the organization of coastal paradynamic landscape system is composed of natural factors associated with characteristics of geographic distribution of the coast, its configuration, tectonic, morphometric, hydrological, climatic and other indices, along with characteristics of the surrounding land. Paradynamic interactions are formed on the basis of exchange of matter, energy and information between spatially adjacent contrasting complexes. The main system-forming factor of the coastal paradynamic landscape system is the relationship of its structural complexes with various types of spatial dynamics and corresponding processes, distinguished into three main streams - matter, energy and information, caused by the simultaneous interaction of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and their specificity. A complex nature of the interaction between natural landscape complexes and their components among themselves in the coastal zone was revealed. Characteristics of the horizontal interaction between marine waters and the surrounding land, river mouth and adjacent sea area, interactions in the system "sea-river-liman" were found out. Main processes of the vertical interaction between the environments were revealed: the land and sea, air and water, bottom layers of water and the bottom itself. The principal scheme of energy flows in the coastal zone was developed. The paradynamic interaction is based on the exchange of matter, energy and information between spatially adjacent contrasting systems. The importance of this type of research is explained by the need to take into account the revealed interactions for the formation of effective system of integrated management of the coastal zone to ensure further optimization of its structure and functioning.

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13

Dunn, Adrian J. "Nervous System-Immune System Interactions: An Overview." Journal of Receptor Research 8, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 589–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10799898809049013.

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14

Golchin, Hanif, Sara Jamali, and Esmaeil Ebrahimi. "Interacting dark energy: Dynamical system analysis." International Journal of Modern Physics D 26, no. 09 (March 13, 2017): 1750098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271817500985.

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We investigate the impacts of interaction between dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) in the context of two DE models, holographic (HDE) and ghost dark energy (GDE). In fact, using the dynamical system analysis, we obtain the cosmological consequence of several interactions, considering all relevant component of universe, i.e. matter (dark and luminous), radiation and DE. Studying the phase space for all interactions in detail, we show the existence of unstable matter-dominated and stable DE-dominated phases. We also show that linear interactions suffer from the absence of standard radiation-dominated epoch. Interestingly, this failure resolved by adding the nonlinear interactions to the models. We find an upper bound for the value of the coupling constant of the interaction between DM and DE as [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]in the case of holographic model, and [Formula: see text] in the case of GDE model, to result in a cosmological viable matter-dominated epoch. More specifically, this bound is vital to satisfy instability and deceleration of matter-dominated epoch.

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15

Mahini, Seyfali. "Expert –System: A Web-Based System for Patient Specific Drug Interaction Testing." South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i02.001.

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The information system presented in this article makes drug selection easier and indicates possible interactions with existing medication. In the event of an interaction with multiple medication, the consumer is specifically warned. In addition, special algorithms determine alternative drugs with the same effect in order to avoid the undesired interaction.

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16

Erofeeva, Tat’yana A. "Business Value Formation Process as a System of Economic Interactions." Economic Strategies 152, no. 6 (December 25, 2022): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33917/es-6.186.2022.134-141.

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In the article, the process of establishing the cost of modern business is considered as a system of economic interactions between economic entities. The study presents the author's concept of the economic interactions’ typology. The author distinguishes atomistic, organic and harmonic types of economic interactions and comes to the conclusion that each of them corresponds to a certain interaction model (traditional industrial model, network model). Within each of them a mechanism of interaction, expectations, and conflict resolution is formed. Different types of economic interaction coexist simultaneously and not always in a coordinated manner. They are often intertwined. Economic subjects use a differentiated approach when interacting with each other. The focus of business strategy is shifting from internal optimization processes to coordinating external interactions, from increasing customer value to maximizing ecosystem value.

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17

Greenfield, R. A. "Host defense system interactions withCandida." Medical Mycology 30, no. 2 (January 1992): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02681219280000141.

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18

Kostrzewa, Richard M., John P. Kostrzewa, and Ryszard Brus. "Monoaminergic system interactions in neurotoxicity." Pharmacological Reports 67 (September 2015): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharep.2015.06.027.

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19

Diviš, M., V. Nekvasil, H. Müller, T. Holubar, C. Dusek, G. Schaudy, G. Hilscher, M. Vybornov, and P. Rogl. "Magnetoelastic interactions in RE2CuO4 system." Solid State Communications 90, no. 4 (April 1994): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(94)90471-5.

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20

Lévy-Frébault, V. "Interactions with the immune system." Annales de l'Institut Pasteur / Microbiologie 139, no. 6 (November 1988): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0769-2609(88)90089-0.

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21

Smolinska, Sylwia, and Liam O'Mahony. "Microbiome–Host Immune System Interactions." Seminars in Liver Disease 36, no. 04 (December 20, 2016): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1593883.

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22

Pierson, William E. "System Interactions of Air Pollutants." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 106, no. 6 (June 1992): 733–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989210600619.

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23

Ploegh, Hidde. "VIRUS INTERACTIONS WITH IMMUNE SYSTEM." JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 21, no. 1 (May 1999): A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-199905010-00014.

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24

Lopez, Victor Emmanuel Pierre, and Lawrence Dale Thomas. "Metric for Structural Complexity Assessment of Space Systems Modeled Using the System Modeling Language." Aerospace 9, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9100612.

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A complexity metric is proposed for the quantification of system complexity using information about the composition of a system and its interactions depicted in a System Modelling Language (SysML) model. The proposed metric is adapted from the complexity metric developed for design structure matrix (DSM) applications and was modified to allow the metric to be applied at different decomposition levels and to accommodate the inclusion of external interactions. The metric was applied to three case studies: a Mars lander, a CubeSat and a spacecraft thermal control system. The proposed metric attributed a higher amount of complexity due to the interactions compared to the DSM metric. This variance resulted in instances where the results differed for the two metrics. Despite these differences, both metrics behaved similarly to changes in component or interaction complexity.

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25

Granovitch, A. J. "Parasitic system reflects population structure of a parasite: conception and terms." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 313, no. 3 (September 25, 2009): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2009.313.3.329.

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Population and community consequences of host–parasite interactions are considered. The special attention is given to the various aspects of population level of host-parasite interactions and to approaches to analysis of structure of parasitic systems (systems of populations of the various hosts united in community by interaction with population of a parasite). In the structure of parasitic systems it is allocated two essential architectonic components. The first is a consequence of the differentiated life cycle of a parasite and subdivision of its population onto phase groups (a metastructure of a parasitic system). The second is a consequence of environmental subdivision of parasites (parastructure of a parasitic system). As a whole the parasitic system is considered as a system of para- and metaelements. Importance of population and community levels consideration of the host-parasite interactions is underlined. The special attention is given to working out of a convenient and consistent terms framework for these purposes. The approach developed in the work can be considered as a methodological basis for the analysis of the hierarchical systems formed on the basis of any other type of mutual relations of organisms (others, than interaction of a host– parasite).

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26

Rani, K. Mary Sudha. "A Survey on Contactless Gesture based Interactions." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3786–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35915.

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Gesture Based Interaction is the mathematical interpretation of human motion by a computing device. Contactless Gesture Based Interaction with devices aims to offer new possibilities to interact with machines thereby enabling development and design of far more natural and intuitive interactions with computing machines. The system makes use of static and dynamic gestures in order to perform operations on a system. This paper provides a detailed review on contactless systems which facilitates a better means of interaction between humans and machines.

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27

Segarra, Marta, Maria R. Aburto, Jasmin Hefendehl, and Amparo Acker-Palmer. "Neurovascular Interactions in the Nervous System." Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 35, no. 1 (October 6, 2019): 615–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100818-125142.

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Molecular cross talk between the nervous and vascular systems is necessary to maintain the correct coupling of organ structure and function. Molecular pathways shared by both systems are emerging as major players in the communication of the neuronal compartment with the endothelium. Here we review different aspects of this cross talk and how vessels influence the development and homeostasis of the nervous system. Beyond the classical role of the vasculature as a conduit to deliver oxygen and metabolites needed for the energy-demanding neuronal compartment, vessels emerge as powerful signaling systems that control and instruct a variety of cellular processes during the development of neurons and glia, such as migration, differentiation, and structural connectivity. Moreover, a broad spectrum of mild to severe vascular dysfunctions occur in various pathologies of the nervous system, suggesting that mild structural and functional changes at the neurovascular interface may underlie cognitive decline in many of these pathological conditions.

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28

Zilian, Eva, and Edgar Maiss. "Detection of plum pox potyviral protein–protein interactions in planta using an optimized mRFP-based bimolecular fluorescence complementation system." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 12 (December 1, 2011): 2711–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.033811-0.

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In previous studies, protein interaction maps of different potyviruses have been generated using yeast two-hybrid (YTH) systems, and these maps have demonstrated a high diversity of interactions of potyviral proteins. Using an optimized bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) system, a complete interaction matrix for proteins of a potyvirus was developed for the first time under in planta conditions with ten proteins from plum pox virus (PPV). In total, 52 of 100 possible interactions were detected, including the self-interactions of CI, 6K2, VPg, NIa-Pro, NIb and CP, which is more interactions than have ever been detected for any other potyvirus in a YTH approach. Moreover, the BiFC system was shown to be able to localize the protein interactions, which was typified for the protein self-interactions indicated above. Additionally, experiments were carried out with the P3N-PIPO protein, revealing an interaction with CI but not with CP and supporting the involvement of P3N-PIPO in the cell-to-cell movement of potyviruses. No self-interaction of the PPV helper component–proteinase (HC-Pro) was detected using BiFC in planta. Therefore, additional experiments with turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) HC-Pro, PPV_HC-Pro and their mutants were conducted. The self-interaction of TuMV_HCpro, as recently demonstrated, and the self-interaction of the TuMV_ and PPV_HC-Pro mutants were shown by BiFC in planta, indicating that HC-Pro self-interactions may be species-specific. BiFC is a very useful and reliable method for the detection and localization of protein interactions in planta, thus enabling investigations under more natural conditions than studies in yeast cells.

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29

Mitchell, G. S., M. A. Douse, and K. T. Foley. "Receptor interactions in modulating ventilatory activity." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 259, no. 5 (November 1, 1990): R911—R920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.5.r911.

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The ventilatory control system utilizes a variety of sensory receptor groups, including chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors, to provide feedback concerning the status of controlled variables. Most ventilatory responses to altered receptor inputs generally involve a complex interaction between several receptor groups, central integrative mechanisms, and other modulatory inputs (e.g., “state,” hormonal, or neurotransmitter status). Because the control system is complex, nonlinear, and dynamic, the ultimate ventilatory response elicited by a given stimulus is not easy to predict based on the reflex effects of individual receptor groups studied in isolation. A full understanding of the role that sensory receptors play in ventilatory control requires information concerning interactions among receptor groups and with other elements of the control system. The complexity of the problem and the lack of a uniform definition of the term “interaction” has hindered research in this area. An interaction is defined as a nonadditive relationship between independent inputs to the system. Within this definition, five domains of interaction are described. 1) Algebraic interactions occur in ventilation and/or its components because of their multiplicative and nonlinear relationship. 2) Closed-loop interactions occur because of the prevalence of feedback loops within the respiratory control system. 3) Neural interactions reflect central nervous system integration of simultaneous receptor inputs and are demonstrated when feedback loops are opened. Three subdomains of neural interactions are defined: modulatory, dynamic, and range-specific neural interactions. 4) Mechanical interactions result from nonlinear transformations of motoneuron output into mechanical actions. 5) Adaptive interactions occur when paired receptor or modulatory inputs alter future responses. To understand the role of any sensory receptor group in ventilatory control, it is necessary to define its interactions with other control system elements in each of these domains. Understanding the mechanisms of these interactions requires detailed information about the physical system subserving ventilatory control (mechanics and gas exchange) and the relevant properties of the neural network coordinating their actions.

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Priambudi, Bagus Nuari, Brian Pradana, and Ade Pugara. "Transportation system impact on spatial interaction in Batang integrated industrial area." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1082, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1082/1/012031.

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Abstract The structure and use of urban land have a key role in a transportation system has significant impact on Batang land use. Because it is very influential on the demand and capacity of the transportation system related to human mobility. The relationship between land use and transportation systems can be defined in terms of spatial interaction. This spatial interaction arises because of the generation and attraction activity of the movement between two important entities. The higher the activity, the stronger the interaction will be. In addition, the form of urban spatial planning also greatly influences the interactions that occur. However, the problem is that if there is a large infrastructure project, it will tend to trigger changes in land use along with the spatial interactions in it. This article will examine in more depth the possibility of spatial interactions that occur in the Batang Regency due to the activities of the Batang Integrated Industrial Estate. So that it can be seen the dynamics of land-use changes that occur due to large spatial interactions in the area. The approach used in this research is quantitative deductive. The discussion in this article consists of several stages, namely a review of literature studies on land use and spatial interactions. Furthermore, the results of the review carried out the process of modeling the spatial interaction of transportation to describe the activities that occur in the area. The results show that the spatial interaction of transportation will be oriented along the main road axis and has a high intensity. Because the main road tends to be served efficiently by public transportation. However, in an area that is not traversed by the main road axis, spatial interactions still exist with random patterns and low intensity.

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31

Onorato, Miguel, Lara Vozella, Davide Proment та Yuri V. Lvov. "Route to thermalization in the α-Fermi–Pasta–Ulam system". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, № 14 (24 березня 2015): 4208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1404397112.

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We study the original α-Fermi–Pasta–Ulam (FPU) system with N = 16, 32, and 64 masses connected by a nonlinear quadratic spring. Our approach is based on resonant wave–wave interaction theory; i.e., we assume that, in the weakly nonlinear regime (the one in which Fermi was originally interested), the large time dynamics is ruled by exact resonances. After a detailed analysis of the α-FPU equation of motion, we find that the first nontrivial resonances correspond to six-wave interactions. Those are precisely the interactions responsible for the thermalization of the energy in the spectrum. We predict that, for small-amplitude random waves, the timescale of such interactions is extremely large and it is of the order of 1/ϵ8, where ϵ is the small parameter in the system. The wave–wave interaction theory is not based on any threshold: Equipartition is predicted for arbitrary small nonlinearity. Our results are supported by extensive numerical simulations. A key role in our finding is played by the Umklapp (flip-over) resonant interactions, typical of discrete systems. The thermodynamic limit is also briefly discussed.

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32

RAMOS-QUINTANA, FERNANDO, JUAN FRAUSTO-SOLIS, and FRANCISCO CAMARGO-SANTACRUZ. "A METHODOLOGY FOR MODELING INTERACTIONS IN COOPERATIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS USING COLOURED PETRI NETS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 12, no. 06 (December 2002): 619–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194002001104.

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Cooperative Information Systems (CIS) become relevant to integrate different kinds of systems so as to work collaboratively for a common goal. CIS are considered by nature as dynamic systems, and one of the most difficult problems is how to model and control multiple simultaneous interactions among agents in a friendly way. Consequently, expressiveness becomes a problem related to the representation so far, the similar systems cope neither with the problem of expressiveness nor with multiple interactions in a satisfactory way. It is proposed an integrated methodology based on Coloured Petri Nets (CPN) in order to model the interaction mechanism in a CIS and reduce the associated complexity in the representation of the dynamic of the system. The methodology integrates mainly: (a) the action basic loop in order to represent the system interactions and to model organization conversations, (b) the CPN in the interaction design and system simulation, (c) the communicative acts of FIPA (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents), included in the Agent Communication Language Specification.

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Guttmann, Robin, Johannes Hoja, Christoph Lechner, Reinhard J. Maurer, and Alexander F. Sax. "Adhesion, forces and the stability of interfaces." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (January 11, 2019): 106–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.12.

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Weak molecular interactions (WMI) are responsible for processes such as physisorption; they are essential for the structure and stability of interfaces, and for bulk properties of liquids and molecular crystals. The dispersion interaction is one of the four basic interactions types – electrostatics, induction, dispersion and exchange repulsion – of which all WMIs are composed. The fact that each class of basic interactions covers a wide range explains the large variety of WMIs. To some of them, special names are assigned, such as hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interactions. In chemistry, these WMIs are frequently used as if they were basic interaction types. For a long time, dispersion was largely ignored in chemistry, attractive intermolecular interactions were nearly exclusively attributed to electrostatic interactions. We discuss the importance of dispersion interactions for the stabilization in systems that are traditionally explained in terms of the “special interactions” mentioned above. System stabilization can be explained by using interaction energies, or by attractive forces between the interacting subsystems; in the case of stabilizing WMIs, one frequently speaks of adhesion energies and adhesive forces. We show that the description of system stability using maximum adhesive forces and the description using adhesion energies are not equivalent. The systems discussed are polyaromatic molecules adsorbed to graphene and carbon nanotubes; dimers of alcohols and amines; cellulose crystals; and alcohols adsorbed onto cellulose surfaces.

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34

Peña-Mora, Feniosky, Ram D. Sriram, and Robert Logcher. "Conflict mitigation system for collaborative engineering." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 9, no. 2 (April 1995): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002158.

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AbstractLarge-scale engineering projects typically involve many different types of professionals who must interact and communicate with one another. This interaction produces conflicts that need to be resolved. A framework is presented in which the rationale used in a collaborative design environment for designing an artifact is also used for conflict mitigation. The framework contains mechanisms for checking interactions and prompting hypotheses about the reasons for the interactions. These hypotheses, once verified by the designers, improve conflict resolution by assisting them in coordinating and negotiating conflicts. This, in turn, enhances communication during the design process and consequently increases productivity in the engineering industry.

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35

Solomon, G. F. "Psychoneuroimmunology: Interactions between central nervous system and immune system." Journal of Neuroscience Research 18, no. 1 (1987): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490180103.

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36

Wyss, J. Michael. "Neuronal regulation of renal function: A model system for nervous system interactions." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 733–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-097.

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The kidney is the most highly innervated peripheral organ, and both the excretory and endocrine functions of the kidney are regulated by renal nerve activity. The kidney plays a dominant role in body fluid homeostasis, blood ionic concentration, and pH and thereby contributes importantly to systemic blood pressure control. Early studies suggested that the neural-renal interactions were responsible only for short-term adjustments in renal function, but more recent studies indicate that the renal nerves may be a major contributor to chronic renal defects leading to established hypertension and (or) renal disease. The neural-renal interaction is also of considerable interest as a model to elucidate the interplay between the nervous system and peripheral organs, since there is abundant anatomical and physiological information characterizing the renal nerves. The investigator has easy access to the renal nerves and the neural influence on renal function is directly quantifiable both in vivo and in vitro. In this symposium that was presented at the 1990 annual convention of the Society for Neuroscience in St. Louis, Missouri, three prominent researchers evaluate the most recent progress in understanding the interplay between the nervous system and the kidney and explore how the results of these studies relate to the broader questions concerning the nervous system's interactions.First, Luciano Barajas examines the detailed anatomy of the intrarenal distribution of the efferent and afferent renal nerves along the nephron and vasculature, and he evaluates the physiological role of each of the discrete components of the innervation. His basic science orientation combined with his deep appreciation of the clinical consequence of the failure of neural-renal regulation enhances his discussion of the anatomy. Ulla C. Kopp discusses the role of the renorenal reflex, which alters renal responses following stimulation of the contralateral kidney. She also considers her recent findings that efferent renal nerve activity can directly modify sensory feedback to the spinal cord from the kidney. Finally, J. Michael Wyss examines the functional consequences of neural control of the kidney in health and disease. Although the nervous system has often been considered as only an acute regulator of visceral function, current studies into hypertension and renal disease suggest that neural-renal dysfunction may be an important contributor to chronic diseases.Together, these presentations examine most of the recent advances in the area of neural-renal interactions and point out how these data form a basis for future research into neuronal interactions with all visceral organs. The relative simplicity of the neural-renal interaction makes this system an important model with which to elucidate all neural-peripheral and neural-neural interactions.

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37

R.M. Lombardi, Valter. "Editorial [Exploring Neural-Immune System Interactions]." Current Immunology Reviews 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339512798991191.

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38

Jakovija, Arnolda, and Tatyana Chtanova. "Neutrophil Interactions with the Lymphatic System." Cells 10, no. 8 (August 17, 2021): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10082106.

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The lymphatic system is a complex network of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes designed to balance fluid homeostasis and facilitate host immune defence. Neutrophils are rapidly recruited to sites of inflammation to provide the first line of protection against microbial infections. The traditional view of neutrophils as short-lived cells, whose role is restricted to providing sterilizing immunity at sites of infection, is rapidly evolving to include additional functions at the interface between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Neutrophils travel via the lymphatics from the site of inflammation to transport antigens to lymph nodes. They can also enter lymph nodes from the blood by crossing high endothelial venules. Neutrophil functions in draining lymph nodes include pathogen control and modulation of adaptive immunity. Another facet of neutrophil interactions with the lymphatic system is their ability to promote lymphangiogenesis in draining lymph nodes and inflamed tissues. In this review, we discuss the significance of neutrophil migration to secondary lymphoid organs and within the lymphatic vasculature and highlight emerging evidence of the neutrophils’ role in lymphangiogenesis.

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39

Yoo, Ji, Maureen Groer, Samia Dutra, Anujit Sarkar, and Daniel McSkimming. "Gut Microbiota and Immune System Interactions." Microorganisms 8, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101587.

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Dynamic interactions between gut microbiota and a host’s innate and adaptive immune systems are essential in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and inhibiting inflammation. Gut microbiota metabolizes proteins and complex carbohydrates, synthesizes vitamins, and produces an enormous number of metabolic products that can mediate cross-talk between gut epithelium and immune cells. As a defense mechanism, gut epithelial cells produce a mucosal barrier to segregate microbiota from host immune cells and reduce intestinal permeability. An impaired interaction between gut bacteria and the mucosal immune system can lead to an increased abundance of potentially pathogenic gram-negative bacteria and their associated metabolic changes, disrupting the epithelial barrier and increasing susceptibility to infections. Gut dysbiosis, or negative alterations in gut microbial composition, can also dysregulate immune responses, causing inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. Over time, chronic dysbiosis and the leakage of microbiota and their metabolic products across the mucosal barrier may increase prevalence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and a variety of cancers. In this paper, we highlight the pivotal role gut bacteria and their metabolic products (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)) which play in mucosal immunity.

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40

Likhoded, L. S., and L. A. Dvorina. "Interactions in the cobalt-silicon system." Soviet Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 30, no. 3 (March 1991): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00794914.

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41

Kinney, Kevin, S. "Neural-immune system interactions in Xenopus." Frontiers in Bioscience Volume, no. 14 (2009): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/3233.

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42

Moreno- Zavaleta, María Teresa, and Patricia Granada- Echeverri. "Binding interactions in the childcare system." Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2014): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.1216052513.

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43

Lindström, Anna-Lena, Torbjörn Wärnheim, and Martin Malmsten. "INTERACTIONS IN PHOSPHOLIPID STABILIZED EMULSION SYSTEM." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 20, no. 1-2 (January 1999): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932699908943790.

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44

Mamedov, Sh G., I. B. Bakhtiyarly, and G. R. Gurbanov. "Interactions in the Sn2Sb6S11–PbSnSb4S8 system." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 61, no. 9 (September 2016): 1187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s003602361609014x.

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45

Liu, Yanan, and Gang Zeng. "Cancer and Innate Immune System Interactions." Journal of Immunotherapy 35, no. 4 (May 2012): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cji.0b013e3182518e83.

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46

Benarroch, Eduardo E. "Autonomic nervous system and neuroimmune interactions." Neurology 92, no. 8 (January 16, 2019): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000006942.

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47

Hammer, E. E. "Fluorescent System Interactions with Electronic Ballasts." Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society 20, no. 1 (January 1991): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00994480.1991.10748923.

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48

Kouřil, Karel, Vojtěch Chlan, Helena Štěpánková, Pavel Novák, Karel Knížek, Jiří Hybler, Tsuyoshi Kimura, Yuji Hiraoka, and Josef Buršík. "Hyperfine interactions in magnetoelectric hexaferrite system." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 322, no. 9-12 (May 2010): 1243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.03.011.

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49

Ader, Robert, and Nicholas Cohen. "CNS–immune system interactions: Conditioning phenomena." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8, no. 3 (September 1985): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00000765.

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AbstractConverging data from different disciplines indicate that central nervous system processes are capable of influencing immune responses. This paper concentrates on recent studies documenting behaviorally conditioned suppression and enhancement of immunity. Exposing rats or mice to a conditioned stimulus previously paired with an immunomodulating agent results in alterations in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to antigenic stimuli, and unreinforced reexposures to the conditioned stimuli result in extinction of the conditioned response. Although the magnitude of such conditioning effects has not been large, the phenomenon has been independently verified under a variety of experimental conditions. The biological impact of conditioned alterations in immune function is illustrated by studies in which conditioning operations were applied in the pharmacotherapy of autoimmune disease in New Zealand mice. In conditioned animals, substituting conditioned stimuli for active drugs delays the onset of autoimmune disease relative to nonconditioned animals using a dose of immunosuppressive drug that, by itself, is ineffective in modifying the progression of disease. The hypothesis that such conditioning effects are mediated by elevations in adrenocortical steroid levels receives no support from available data. Despite its capacity for self-regulation, it appears that the immune system is integrated with other psychophysiological processes and subject to modulation by the brain.

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50

Lopato, L. M., V. P. Red'ko, S. N. Lakiza, and G. I. Gerasimyuk. "Interactions in the Ca2SiO4-CaZrO3 system." Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 34, no. 9-10 (1996): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00559964.

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