Статті в журналах: "Synthetic-polymer fibres"

1

Selvakumar, P. "Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites: Classification, Chemical Treatment, Mechanical and Tribological Properties." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 27, no. 1 (December 15, 2022): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2701rjce1110119.

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Composites are supposed to be the most promising and discriminating material available in this century. Presently, composites armoured with fibers of synthetic materials are gaining more significance as demands for lightweight materials with high potency for specific application are growing in the market. Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites mainly comprise of high strength fibres embedded in polymer matrix keeping a distinct interface between them. In this FRP’s, the individual component keeps their distinct physical and chemical identities but they combine together to produce materials with excellent properties. Low density, high tensile strength and high modulus are the main characteristics of fibre reinforced polymer composites. The main factors that affect load carrying capacity are interfacial bonding between fibre and matrix, alignment of fibre in matrix and the nature of fibres. Here in this review a proportional account of the major synthetic and natural fibres as reinforcement for polymer composites as well as methods for enhancing mechanical properties are discussed. Composites reinforced with fibers of artificial materials are gaining more significance as demands for lightweight materials with high strong point for specific applications are being developing in the market.

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2

Ismojo, Rangga Hadiwibowo, Anne Zulfia, and Mochamad Chalid. "Feasibility Study of Pressure Boiled Method on Defibrillation Stalk Sweet Sorghum Fibres Waste." Materials Science Forum 951 (April 2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.951.71.

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Today, due to environmental reasons and limited of fossil resources take many researchers to develop new and renewable materials. Bio-composites which is consisted of synthetic polymers matrix and natural fibres, is one of the alternatives to reducing its problems. Among of natural fibre that has good potential to be used as reinforcement in synthetic polymer matrices is sorghum fibre. However the hydrophilic nature of natural fibers causes it to be incompatible with synthetic polymer matrices which have hydrophobic properties and it’s need to surface modified with particular treatment. The aim of this work was conducted to study the effect of hydrothermal treatment through pressure boiled method by using distilled water in a pressurized stainless steel pan cooking for 5 minutes to defibrillation and hydrophilic properties of stalk sweet sorghum fibres. Evaluation of the experiments was characterized with Field-Emission Scanning Electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier Transformation Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy and sessile drop test instruments, respectively. The experiment was found that using hydrothermal treatments through pressure boiled method led to a removal of binding materials, such as a wax, hemicellulose and lignin, and enhancement the hydrophilic properties of sorghum fibres.

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3

Bichang’a, DO, FO Aramide, IO Oladele, and OO Alabi. "A Review on the Parameters Affecting the Mechanical, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Natural/Synthetic Fibre Hybrid Reinforced Polymer Composites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (March 12, 2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7024099.

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The global drive towards a circular economy that emphasizes sustainability in production processes has increased the use of agro-based raw materials like natural fibres in applications that have long been dependent on inorganic raw materials. Natural fibres provide an eco-friendly, more sustainable, and low cost alternative to synthetic fibres that have been used for a long time in the development of composite materials. However, natural fibres are associated with high water absorption capacity due to their hydrophilic nature leading to poor compatibility with hydrophobic polymeric matrices, thus lower mechanical properties for various applications. Hybridization of natural fibres with synthetic fibres enhances the mechanical performance of natural fibres for structural and nonstructural applications such as automobile, aerospace, marine, sporting, and defense. There have been increased research interests towards natural/synthetic fibre hybrid composites in the past two decades (2001–2021) to overcome the identified limitations of natural fibres. Therefore, understanding the parameters affecting the properties and potential of using natural and synthetic fibre reinforcements to develop hybrid composites is of great interest. The review showed that using appropriate fibre orientation, fibre weight fraction and stacking sequence yields good mechanical, physical, and thermal properties that are competitive with what only synthetic fibre reinforced composites can achieve. In addition, these properties can be improved through pretreatment of natural fibres using different chemicals. This paper provides in review form the parameters affecting the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of natural/synthetic fibre hybrid reinforced polymer composites from the year 2001 to 2021.

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4

Shalwan, A., Abdalrahman Alajmi, and B. F. Yousif. "Theoretical Study of the Effect of Fibre Porosity on the Heat Conductivity of Reinforced Gypsum Composite Material." Polymers 14, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 3973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14193973.

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In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for engineering materials that possess good mechanical and thermal properties and are cheap an d environmentally friendly. From an industrial and academic point of view, there is a need to study the heat conductivity of newly developed polymer composites and the influence of porosity on the insulation performance of polymer composites. Experimental and theoretical studies were conducted on mainly sisal/glass fibre gypsum composites with different fibre volumes (0, 20, 25, 30, and 35 wt.%). The outcomes from the theoretical model in ANSYS have shown that there is a high possibility to simulate the experimental work and high accuracy for reflecting the experimental findings. Moreover, the results show that natural fibre polymer composites with a high-volume fraction of natural fibres have higher insulation performance than synthetic polymer composites with the same volume fraction of synthetic fibres. Furthermore, the results suggest and support that the improved performance of natural fibre-based composites was due at least in part to the internal porosity of the fibres.

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5

MAYER, UDO, and ERNST SIEPMANN. "Basic Dyes for Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Review of Progress in Coloration and Related Topics 5, no. 1 (October 23, 2008): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1974.tb03791.x.

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6

Peters, Arnold T., and Malcolm S. Wild. "Styryl Dyes for Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 94, no. 3 (October 22, 2008): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1978.tb03401.x.

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7

Prabakaran, E., D. Vasanth Kumar, A. Jaganathan, P. Ashok Kumar, and M. Veeerapathran. "Analysis on Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Concrete Composite for Industrial Flooring – A Review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2272, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2272/1/012026.

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Abstract Fiber composites are the having an good scope in construction industry as they are light in weight, durable, economic, and resistant to temperatures. Many researchers concentrate on the composites for the industrial flooring with the fibers. The main objective of this paper is to review the fiber reinforced epoxy for industrial flooring. Epoxy can be used as flooring elements in industries as they deliver good performance. Since, natural and synthetic fibres can be used with filler matrices, which are very much cheaper than the conventional steel fibres reinforced composite concrete flooring and other type of composites here fibre is considered for reinforcing with epoxy or polymer concrete filler matrix. Fibre-polymer and fibre-concrete composite properties has been reviewed for testing procedure for flexural test, bending test, tensile test and based on the results, it is clear that the fibre-polymer concrete composite, which has good mechanical properties and performance than the mentioned composites, can be made for industrial flooring

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8

Gordelier, Tessa, Phillip Rudolph Thies, Giovanni Rinaldi, and Lars Johanning. "Investigating Polymer Fibre Optics for Condition Monitoring of Synthetic Mooring Lines." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 2 (February 9, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8020103.

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Synthetic mooring lines are becoming a popular alternative to conventional chain mooring systems. For marine renewable energy devices, they have been considered as an enabling technology for this nascent sector, given their reduced costs and ease of deployment. However, the extreme operating environment has led to an increased interest in the ‘in-situ’ condition monitoring of these mooring lines. This paper considers the use of polymer fibre optic technology and the optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) technique for the condition monitoring of synthetic mooring lines. To establish the operating envelope of the fibres, Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer optical fibres are mechanically tested. Additionally, an OTDR is used to monitor fibres whilst under elongation using a tensile test machine, and the sensitivity of the system in monitoring strain is established. At the lowest strain rate, the average proportional limit and yield points of the fibres are found at 1.16% strain and 5.41% strain, respectively. Fatigue exposure of fibres up to 1.25% strain identifies no measurable effect on fibres’ proportional limit or yield point. The occurrence of significant creep is identified for fibres strained beyond 1.5%. The OTDR system is able to identify strains at and above 4%. The study identifies important criteria that should be considered in the integration of polymer optical fibres for mooring applications. Limitations are discussed and suggestions for progressing this technology are provided.

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9

Nurazzi, N. M., S. S. Shazleen, H. A. Aisyah, M. R. M. Asyraf, F. A. Sabaruddin, N. A. Mohidem, M. N. F. Norrrahim, et al. "Effect of silane treatments on mechanical performance of kenaf fibre reinforced polymer composites: a review." Functional Composites and Structures 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 045003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/ac351b.

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Abstract Natural cellulosic fibres, such as kenaf, can be used in polymeric composites in place of synthetic fibres. The rapid depletion of synthetic resources such as petroleum and growing awareness of global environmental problems associated with synthetic products contribute to the acceptance of natural fibres as reinforcing material in polymer composite structures. In Africa and Asia, kenaf is considered a major crop used for various cordage products such as rope, twine, and burlap and in construction, it is used for thermal insulation of walls, floors, and roofs and soundproofing solutions. In the furniture and automotive industry, it is used to manufacture medium-density fibreboard and other composite materials for structural applications. Kenaf is primarily composed of cellulose (approximately 40%–80%), which accounts for its superior mechanical performance. Kenaf fibres are chemically treated before mixing with the polymer matrix to improve their fibre interaction and composite performance. The alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is the most frequently used chemical treatment, followed by a silane treatment. Numerous chemical concentrations of NaOH and silane solutions are investigated and several combined treatments such as alkaline-silane. The present review discusses the effect of silane treatments on the surface of kenaf fibre on the fabrication of polymer composites and their mechanical properties.

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10

Vimal Anand, S., G. Venkatachalam, Tushar D. Nikam, Omkar V. Jog, and Ravi T. Suryawanshi. "Determination of Vibrational Characteristics of Coir, Banana and Aloe Vera Fibres Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Matrix Composites." March 24, No 1 (March 2019): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20855/ijav.2019.24.11114.

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In the last few years, green composites are becoming more suitable for applications over synthetic composite. There has been a growing interest in recent years in the utilisation of natural fibres in making low-cost building material. However, these natural fibre-based composites are not fully environmentally friendly because the matrix resins are non-biodegradable. In this paper, an attempt is made to fabricate green composites with coir, banana, and aloe vera fibres as reinforcement and hybrid polymer as matrix. The hybrid polymer is prepared from natural and synthetic resins. This work intends to find the vibrational characteristics of these composites. The influence of three parameters, i.e. CNSL in hybrid polymer, fibre volume, and fibre discontinuities on vibrational characteristics are considered. This work is carried out using FEA and the FEA results are validated by experimental results.

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11

Kurpińska, Marzena, Beata Grzyl, and Adam Kristowski. "A Study on Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Elements Properties Based on the Case of Habitat Modules in the Underwater Sills." Polish Maritime Research 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2020-0015.

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AbstractHydrotechnical constructions are mostly objects functioning in extreme conditions and requiring a custom-made construction project. In the case of using prefabricated elements, it is required to develop production, transport, assembly, conservation and repair technology. Concerning the problem of concrete cracks, modern repair systems allow positive effects to be achieved in many cases of concrete elements repair. In this work an attempt has been made to assess the properties of concrete, situated in the Baltic Sea environment, in which traditional rebar was partly replaced by dispersed fibre-phase. Fibre-reinforced concrete belongs to the group of composite materials. The presence of fibres helps to increase the tensile strength, flexural strength and resilience and also prevents the appearance of cracks. In the given paper we will also discuss basic parameters of steel and polymer fibres and the influence of both types of fibres on the maturing and hardened concrete. In this work special attention has been paid to the advantages of polypropylene and polymer fibres with regard to commonly-known steel fibres. The use of synthetic fibres will be advantageous in constructions where the reduction of shrinkage cracks and high resilience are essential. On top of that, the use of synthetic fibres is highly recommended when constructing objects that will be exposed to the impact of an aggressive environment. Undoubtedly, polymer fibres are resistant to the majority of corrosive environments. Fibre-reinforced concretes are a frequently implemented construction solution. The possibility of concrete modification allows the emergence of new construction materials with improved physical-mechanical properties, under the condition of being applied relevantly.

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12

Sumithra, Murugesan, and Gayathri Murugan. "Extraction and characterization of natural fibres form Elettaria Cardamomum." Tekstilna industrija 69, no. 2 (2021): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tekstind2102030s.

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Natural fibres are one of the good alternative sources for replacing synthetic fibres and reinforcing polymer matrices because of their eco-friendly nature. The present study was undertaken to investigate the fibres extract from Elettaria Cardamomum plant. The extracted Elettaria Cardamomum fibre was treated with NaOH for softening. Natural cellulose fibres extracted from Elettaria Cardamomum stems (ECS) have been characterized for their chemical composition and physical properties.The chemical composition of Elettaria Cardamomumstems (ECS) fi bres is, cellulose 60.44%, lignin 25.25%, wax 0.53%, ash 5.45%. Regarding physical properties of the fibres, single fibre strength was evaluated and the result was compared with cotton fibre and linen fibre.

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13

Joseph, Kuruvilla, Romildo Dias Tolêdo Filho, Beena James, Sabu Thomas, and Laura Hecker de Carvalho. "A REVIEW ON SISAL FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 3, no. 3 (December 1999): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v3n3p367-379.

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ABSTRACT The global demand for wood as a building material is steadily growing, while the availability of this natural resource is diminishing. This situation has led to the development of alternative materials. Of the various synthetic materials that have been explored and advocated, polymer composites claim a major participation as building materials. There has been a growing interest in utilizing natural fibres as reinforcement in polymer composite for making low cost construction materials in recent years. Natural fibres are prospective reinforcing materials and their use until now has been more traditional than technical. They have long served many useful purposes but the application of the material technology for the utilization of natural fibres as reinforcement in polymer matrix took place in comparatively recent years. Economic and other related factors in many developing countries where natural fibres are abundant, demand that scientists and engineers apply appropriate technology to utilize these natural fibres as effectively and economically as possible to produce good quality fibre reinforced polymer composites for housing and other needs. Among the various natural fibres, sisal is of particular interest in that its composites have high impact strength besides having moderate tensile and flexural properties compared to other lignocellulosic fibres. The present paper surveys the research work published in the field of sisal fibre reinforced polymer composites with special reference to the structure and properties of sisal fibre, processing techniques, and the physical and mechanical properties of the composites.

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14

JONES, F., and J. KRASKA. "Vapour-phase Dyeing of Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 82, no. 9 (October 22, 2008): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1966.tb02726.x.

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15

Santhanam, V., and M. Chandrasekaran. "Effect of Surface Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Banana-Glass Fibre Hybrid Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 591 (July 2014): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.591.7.

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Natural fibre reinforced composites have attracted the attention of research community mainly because they are turning out to be an alternative to synthetic fibre. Various natural fibres such as jute, sisal, palm, coir and banana are used as reinforcements. In this paper, banana fibres and glass fibres have been used as reinforcement. Hybrid epoxy polymer composite was fabricated using chopped banana/glass fibre and the effect of alkali treatment was also studied. It is found that the alkali treatment improved the mechanical properties of the composite.

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16

Tham, Mun Wai, MR Nurul Fazita, HPS Abdul Khalil, Nurul Zuhairah Mahmud Zuhudi, Mariatti Jaafar, Samsul Rizal, and MK Mohamad Haafiz. "Tensile properties prediction of natural fibre composites using rule of mixtures: A review." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 5 (November 26, 2018): 211–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418813650.

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Rule of mixture models are usually used in the tensile properties prediction of polymer composites reinforced with synthetic fibres. They are less utilized for natural fibre/polymer composites due to natural fibres physical and mechanical properties variability which reduces rule of mixture model's prediction values accuracy compared to the experimental values. This had led to studies conducted by various researchers to improve the existing rule of mixture models to give a better reflection of the true natural fibres properties and enhance the rule of mixture models prediction accuracy. In this paper, rule of mixture model's utilization includes the existing rule of mixture models as well as proposed rule of mixture models which have one or more factors incorporated into existing rule of mixture models for natural fibre/polymer composites tensile properties prediction are reviewed.

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17

Godwin, G., and K. Umanath. "Flexural, Tensile and Impact Properties of Alkali Treated Coir Fibre Composites Prepared by Compression Molding Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (June 2015): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.90.

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Polymeric materials reinforced with synthetic fibres such as glass provide advantage of high stiffness and high strength to weight ratio. Despite these advantages, the widespread use of synthetic fibre-reinforced polymer composite has a tendency to decline because of their high-initial cost and most importantly their adverse environmental impact. In this work, four different composites are prepared with untreated coconut fibres, NaOH mercerized coconut fibres, KOH mercerized coconut fibres and CSM glass fibres. A lot of studies are done earlier on NaOH mercerized coconut fibre composites. But, no studies are done specifically for KOH mercerized coconut fibre composites. So, KOH mercerized coconut fibre composites are prepared in this study. General purpose polyester resin is used for preparing all the compsites. The mechanical properties of composites are studied using the flexural test, impact test and tensile test. The mechanical properties of KOH mercerized coconut fibre composites are studied and compared with the mechanical properties of NaOH mercerized coconut fibre composites, untreated coconut fibre composites and CSM glass fibre composites.

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18

Pathan, Mohd Gulfam, Rajan L. Wankhade, A. M. Shende, Ajay Swaroop, and Nuha Mashaan. "Experimental Analysis for Performance of Concrete with Addition of Steel Fibres, SBR and Polypropylene Fibres." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 429–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(3)-10.

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Sufficient experimentation is observed in literature to examine the brittle behaviour of concrete. Presently, addition of different modified polymer and fibres can be treated as an effective way for improving the behaviour of concrete. Steel fibres are now generally mixed with concrete as because of such fibres sufficient strengths are gained. Fibre Reinforced Concrete acquires high stiffness, strength and durability subjected to different environment. In this experimental investigation it is mixed steel fibres with concrete with various percentages (0.35% to 0.85%) with addition of Polypropylene fibre. The primary objective is first to check whether the employment of steel fibres allows the improvement in strength. Next objective is to verify the effect of a mixing of steel fibres and modified polymer namely SBR. The third objective of the present study deals with the combination of steel fibres with synthetic polypropylene fibres in varying percentages. Preparation of specimen is performed in lab for different contents% of styrene butadiene rubber polymer with the hooked end SF. The experimental program includes cube, cylinder and beam specimens with fabricated in 1% to 10% steel fibres. Further 15% modified polymer-SBR is added in the different mixes. After this 0.15% to 0.25% polypropylene is mixed to M30 and M40 grade of concrete. The volume fraction for fibre having 100 kg/m3 of steel fibres (1.27% Vf) may be effectively employed. It is seen that by varying the %contents of SF’s and SBR; strong bond is developed leading to bridge of micro cracks by the polypropylene in RC members.

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19

Gairola, Surya P., Yogesh Tyagi, and Nitin Gupta. "Mechanical properties evaluation of banana fibre reinforced polymer Composites: A review." Acta Innovations, no. 42 (March 14, 2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.42.5.

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In today's fast-developing world, the use of composite materials is closely related to environmental pollution, renewable and biodegradable resources. A researcher is looking for environmentally friendly materials. Natural and synthetic fibres come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. Natural fibres include jute, straw wheat, rice husk banana fibre, pineapple leaf fibre, cotton, Sisal, Coir, Oats, and Bagasse. Every year, 13.5 tonnes of banana fibre are produced in India. Teabags, paper, and polymer composite reinforcement are just a few of the applications for banana fibre. This article focuses on the manufacture of banana fibre with epoxy and a variety of other natural fibres. By combining banana fibre with some current technology, waste will be reduced, and energy efficiency will be increased, all while supporting sustainability. Banana fibres are covered in this work, along with their uses, applications, and mechanical qualities, as well as how banana fibre might improve mechanical properties.

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20

Yeshwant Nayak, Suhas, Srinivas Shenoy Heckadka, Nishank Minil Amin, Ramakrishna Vikas Sadanand, and Linto George Thomas. "Effect of Hybridization on the Mechanical Properties of Chopped Strand Mat/Pineapple Leaf Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites." MATEC Web of Conferences 153 (2018): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815301006.

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Hybridization of synthetic and natural fibres as reinforcement makes the polymer composites environmental friendly and sustainable when compared to synthetic fibres based polymer composites. In this study chopped strand mat/pineapple leaf fibres were hybridized. Four laminates with six layers each, with different stack sequence (GGGGGG, GPPPPG, PGGGGP and PPPPPP) were fabricated using hand layup technique while maintaining a fibre to matrix ratio of 30:70 by weight with polyester resin as matrix. Mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength were determined and morphology of fractured specimens was studied. Maximum tensile strength of 180 MPa was obtained for the laminate with six layers of chopped strand mat followed by hybrid laminate with four layers of chopped strand mat at the centre (120 MPa). Tensile strength of hybrid laminate with four layers of pineapple leaf fibres at the centre was in third position at 86 MPa. Least tensile strength of 65 MPa was obtained for the laminate with six layers of pineapple leaf fibres. Similar trend was observed in case of flexural behaviour of the laminates with maximum flexural strength of 255 MPa and minimum flexural strength 107 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy of the fractured specimen reinforced with chopped strand mat only, indicated, fibre pull out, matrix cracking and lack of matrix adhesion to fibres. In case of hybrid composite (GPPPPG and PGGGGP) delamination was observed to be prominent due to improper wetting of the pineapple leaf fibres with the matrix. More significant delamination led to lesser strength in case of pineapple fibres reinforced composites even though the fibre pull out was relatively less.

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Ilyas, R. A., S. M. Sapuan, Emin Bayraktar, Shukur Abu Hassan, Nabil Hayeemasae, M. S. N. Atikah, and Khubab Shaker. "Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Mechanical Properties and Applications." Polymers 14, no. 18 (September 7, 2022): 3732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183732.

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"Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Mechanical Properties and Applications" is a newly open Special Issue of Polymers, which aims to publish original and review papers on new scientific and applied research and make boundless contributions to the finding and understanding of the reinforcing effects of various synthetic and natural fibres on the performance of biopolymer composites [...]

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Morozova, M. Yu, S. E. Artemenko, T. P. Ustinova, and M. Yambrikh. "Polymer composite materials based on modified synthetic fibres." Fibre Chemistry 29, no. 1 (January 1997): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02430688.

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23

Begum, Shahida, Sabrina Fawzia, and M. S. J. Hashmi. "Polymer matrix composite with natural and synthetic fibres." Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 6, no. 3 (March 6, 2020): 547–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2374068x.2020.1728645.

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KADHIM, ABLAM, and ARNOLD T. PETERS. "New Intermediates and Dyes for Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 90, no. 6 (October 22, 2008): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1974.tb03199.x.

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25

Peters, A. T., and N. M. A. Gbadamosi. "5,6-(6,7-)dichlorobenzothiazolylazo dyes for synthetic-polymer fibres." Dyes and Pigments 18, no. 2 (January 1992): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-7208(92)80011-b.

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26

Peters, Arnold T., and Sing Kwen Cheung. "Dyestuffs for synthetic polymer fibres: 4-N-morpholinoazobenzenes." Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. Chemical Technology 35, no. 7 (May 29, 2007): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5040350702.

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27

Girges, M. M., M. A. Hanna, and S. N. Ayyad. "Synthetic approaches to some new fluorescent dyestuffs for synthetic polymer fibres." Pigment & Resin Technology 24, no. 2 (February 1995): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb043135.

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Chavan, Vithal Rao, K. R. Dinesh, K. Veeresh, Veerabhadrappa Algur, and Manjunath Shettar. "Influence of post curing on GFRP hybrid composite." MATEC Web of Conferences 144 (2018): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814402011.

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Composite materials for the most part depicted as the mixes of two or more materials that outcome in the unmistakable properties than that of guard materials. Fibre strengthened plastics have been all around utilized for get-together flying machine and transport key parts as a delayed consequence of their specific mechanical and physical properties, for example, high particular quality and high particular robustness. Another pertinent application for fibre maintained polymeric composites (particularly glass fibre strengthened plastics) is in the electronic business, in which they are utilized for passing on printed wiring sheets. The utilization of polymer composite materials is winding up being powerfully essential. The present work delineates the change and mechanical portrayal of new polymer composites including glass fibre fortress, epoxy and maple cellulose fibre. The starting late made composites are delineated for their mechanical properties. The composite spreads were set up by utilizing hand layup framework. The experiments were conducted on and studied the effect of post curing on hybrid composites. The result reveals that the samples only with natural fibre have more promising results compared with synthetic fibre. The synthetic fibres get wrinkled due to post curing were as no such visuals in the natural fibres.

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Palanivel, S., and M. Sekar. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Stress-Strain Relationships of GFRP and Lateral Ties Confined Polyolefin Fibre Reinforced Concrete under Monotonic Axial Compression." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 466–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.466.

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In this investigation, the combined confinement effect of spacing of lateral ties, volume fraction of polyolefin fibres and fibre reinforced polymer(FRP) wraps was studied both experimentally and analytically from the point of deformability characteristics of concrete for seismic resistance. Low modulus synthetic fibers such as polyolefin based fibers, it is shown that polyolefin fibers with sufficient tensile strength can successfully enhance the mechanical properties of concrete. The mechanism of delaying and arresting the progressive internal cracking by the fibres can be made use in passive confinement of concrete. In this study the confinement effectiveness of GFRP wraps of single and double layer and polyolefin fibres of volume fractions 0.7% and 0.9% in addition to lateral ties of spacing 145mm and 75mm on concrete prisms of size 150 ×150 ×300 mm were investigated. Such concrete is termed as FRP confined fiber reinforced concrete(FRPCFRC).This paper presents an analytical model(profile) for predicting the constitutive behaviour of FRPCFRC based on the experimental and analytical results. A total of thirty nine prisms of size 150 ×150 ×300 mm were cast and tested under strain control rate of loading. The results of the testing demonstrate the behavioral differences between FRP confined concrete and FRP confined FRC and the ability of the synthetic macro fiber to be used as secondary reinforcement in performance based seismic resistance applications.

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Thirumurugan, S., and A. Sivakumar. "Synergistic Interaction of Polypropylene Fibres in Latex Modified High Strength Concrete." Archives of Civil Engineering 59, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2013-0018.

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Abstract Synthetic polymer latexes, such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) latex addition in Portland cement has gained wider acceptance in many applications in the construction industry. Polymer-modified cementitious systems seals the pores and micro cracks developed during hardening of the cement matrix, by dispersing a film of polymer phase throughout the concrete. A comprehensive set of experimental test were conducted for studying the compressive properties of SBR latex polymer with crimped polypropylene fibres at relative volume fractions of 0.1 and 0.3%. The results indicated that the addition of polypropylene fibre has little effect on the reduction in the workability of concrete composite containing fly ash and SBR Latex. Increase in polypropylene fibres upto 0.3% Vf showed increase in compressive strength upto 57.5MPa. The SBR concrete without fibre showed an increase in strength upto 20 % compared to plain concrete. Test results also indicated that the compressive strength was increased in SBR fibre concrete by means of an ordinary dry curing process than wet curing because of their excellent water retention due to polymer film formation around the cement grains. On the contrary the compressive strength reduces for SBR fibre concretes under wet curing compared to dry curing

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31

Cao, Yongjian, Felisa Chan, Ying-Hei Chui, and Huining Xiao. "Characterization of flax fibres modified by alkaline, enzyme, and steam-heat treatments." BioResources 7, no. 3 (July 18, 2012): 4109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.3.4109-4121.

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Flax fibres are being considered as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic fibres in fibre-reinforced polymer composites due to their low density, biodegradability, and high mechanical strength. Previous work has found that the surface properties of natural fibres can be modified by chemical treatment and other treatment methods. This study focused on the effect of different treatments using alkaline, enzyme, and steam-heat, respectively, on some surface characteristics of flax fibre, e.g. physical, chemical, and thermal stability. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), treated fibres were observed to have smoother surfaces than untreated fibres. Chemical composition of fibres was found to be modified after treatment as characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The crystallinity index and thermal stability of flax fibres were increased after certain treatments as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The wettability of treated fibre by water was improved compared to the untreated sample.

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Shalwan, A., M. Alajmi, and A. Alajmi. "Insulation Characteristics of Sisal Fibre/Epoxy Composites." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7312609.

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Using natural fibres in civil engineering is the aim of many industrial and academics sectors to overcome the impact of synthetic fibres on environments. One of the potential applications of natural fibres composites is to be implemented in insulation components. Thermal behaviour of polymer composites based on natural fibres is recent ongoing research. In this article, thermal characteristics of sisal fibre reinforced epoxy composites are evaluated for treated and untreated fibres considering different volume fractions of 0–30%. The results revealed that the increase in the fibre volume fraction increased the insulation performance of the composites for both treated and untreated fibres. More than 200% insulation rate was achieved at the volume fraction of 20% of treated sisal fibres. Untreated fibres showed about 400% insulation rate; however, it is not recommended to use untreated fibres from mechanical point of view. The results indicated that there is potential of using the developed composites for insulation purposes.

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Mashelmie, S., M. Rabiatul Manisah, N. Bahiyah Baba, and A. Mohd. "The effect of kenaf loading on kenaf/ABS composites structure and thermal properties." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 111, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9994.

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Many manufacturers have recently become interested in using fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) in structural applications. Synthetic fibres, such as carbon and glass fibres, have been commercialised internationally for decades, but they cause environmental issues because synthetic fibres are non-biodegradable and difficult to recycle once they have served their purpose, potentially polluting the environment. Thus, natural fibre composites like kenaf is a possible replacement for synthetic fibre due to their superior physical and mechanical properties. Kenaf appears to be the best candidate for replacing synthetic fibres in order to accomplish the goal of environmental preservation while also displaying excellent properties such as equivalent specific strength, low density, and renewable resources. The kenaf fiber was treated in KOH and added to ABS matrix to produce new composites at different loading (10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.%) by using Two Roll Mill machine. The influence of the fiber on the composites properties was evaluated. The produced material was subjected to SEM, MFI, TGA and DSC analysis. The incorporation of the treated kenaf fiber has an influence on the properties of kenaf/ABS composites. The addition of 10 wt.% kenaf was found to be the best loading with MFI value, initial degradation temperature and glass transition temperature at 0.8208 g/10 min, 322.63°C and 130°C respectively. The fiber was well dispersed in the matrix and shown good adhesion to the ABS. The addition of treated fiber contribute to a reduction in the MFI, improved the thermal stability of the composites and typical effects of Tg of the composite compare to pure ABS. The results suggest the need to continue the study in order to further analyse higher kenaf loading and shed more light on the properties of the composites to improve understanding of kenaf/ABS composites. Obtained results are a solution to alternative of synthetic fibers, which may contribute to the sustainable development of composites materials industry through the utilization of kenaf fiber with ABS matrix.

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K. Dhir, Daanvir, Armin Rashidi, Grant Bogyo, Ron Ryde, Sepideh Pakpour, and Abbas S. Milani. "Environmental Durability Enhancement of Natural Fibres Using Plastination: A Feasibility Investigation on Bamboo." Molecules 25, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030474.

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Natural fibers are gaining wide attention due to their much lower carbon footprint and economic factors compared to synthetic fibers. The moisture affinity of these lignocellulosic fibres, however, is still one of the main challenges when using them, e.g., for outdoor applications, leading to fast degradation rates. Plastination is a technique originally used for the preservation of human and animal body organs for many years, by replacing the water and fat present in the tissues with a polymer. This article investigates the feasibility of adapting such plastination to bamboo natural fibres using the S-10 room-temperature technique in order to hinder their moisture absorption ability. The effect of plastination on the mechanical properties and residual moisture content of the bamboo natural fibre samples was evaluated. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) were employed to characterize the chemical composition and 3-dimensional morphology of the plastinated specimens. The results clearly show that, as plastination lessens the hydrophilic tendency of the bamboo fibres, it also decreases the residual moisture content and increases the tensile strength and stiffness of the fibers.

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Peters, A. T. "New Dyes and their Intermediates for Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 85, no. 11 (October 22, 2008): 507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1969.tb02857.x.

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CUSACK, P. "The Preparation of Synthetic-polymer Fibres and their Blends." Review of Progress in Coloration and Related Topics 6, no. 1 (October 23, 2008): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1975.tb03796.x.

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PETERS, ARNOLD T., and BRIAN A. TENNY. "1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone-2-thioethers. Dyes for Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 93, no. 10 (October 22, 2008): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1977.tb03307.x.

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PETERS, ARNOLD T., and BRIAN A. TENNY. "Brominated Diamino Dihydroxyanthraquinones. Blue Dyes for Synthetic-polymer Fibres." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 93, no. 10 (October 22, 2008): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1977.tb03308.x.

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39

Kabir, Mohammad Mazedul, Mohammad Yousef Alhaik, Saud Hamad Aldajah, Kin Tak Lau, Hao Wang, and Md Mainul Islam. "Effect of Hemp Fibre Surface Treatment on the Fibre-Matrix Interface and the Influence of Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin Contents on Composite Strength Properties." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (November 30, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9753779.

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Natural fibres have recently become an attractive alternative to synthetic fibres in the implementation of polymer composite structures. Inherent flaws within natural fibres in terms of their constituent contents (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) reduce the compatibility of these fibres with polymer matrices. In this study, the effects of chemical treatments on hemp fibres and the resulted polyester matrix composite are investigated. The fibres were treated with alkali (0–10% NaOH), acetyl, and silane chemicals. Long unidirectional fibre composites were prepared by vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM) process. Thermal properties of the fibres were tested using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. The mechanical properties of the composite samples were tested using compression and bending tests. Failure analysis of tested composites was undertaken through Optical Microscope (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that the treatments of the 4% NaOH reduced interfacial bonding strength and decreased composite properties compared to untreated samples. At higher concentrations (6–10% NaOH), the mechanical properties of the composites increased as a result of greater interfacial bonding. Different trends were observed in the case of alkalised fibres that were further treated with acetyl and silane treatments. It was observed that the treated fibres effectively improved the bonding properties of composites and was in agreement with the micrographs.

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40

Nallusamy, S. "Analysis of Mechanical Properties on Roselle Fibre with Polymer Matrix Reinforced Composite." Advanced Engineering Forum 16 (April 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.16.1.

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Over the past two decades it has been established that composite materials are the leading emerging materials. The natural fibres present a number of advantages over traditional synthetic fibres because of their better corrosion resistance, excellent thermo-mechanical properties and high strength to weight ratio. Also the composite materials play an important role in maintaining the eco-friendly design requirements. Among this, polymer matrix composite is one of the recent developing sectors on the composite field, because it has high strength with less density as compared to the metal matrix composite. Depending on the applications, the properties of the polymer reinforced composite are improved by modifying compositions, process of fabrication and direction of fibre etc. In this analysis the Roselle Fibre (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) is reinforced with polymer composite by wt % in the mode of compression molding. The mechanical properties of the above fabricated material were analyzed by ASTM Standards and also the characterization of polymer composites were analysed using SEM. The compressive strength and the hardness value were high as compared to other strength properties; hence it is more suitable for compressive and structural applications. The results concluded that the treated fibre with chemical reveals better compatibility with polymer matrix than that of untreated fibre.

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Balakrishnan, Thinesh Sharma, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Jesuarockiam Naveen, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Muhammad Imran Najeeb, Ain Umaira Md Shah, Tabrej Khan, and Tamer Ali Sebaey. "Selection of Natural Fibre for Pultruded Hybrid Synthetic/Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites Using Analytical Hierarchy Process for Structural Applications." Polymers 14, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 3178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153178.

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Application of synthetic fibres in composites has been raising environmental issues due to carbon emissions from the production site and reliability on non-renewable resources upon production. Hence, this research sets as a preliminary study to select suitable natural fibres to be hybridized with glass fibres for the development of sustainable and high-performance hybrid composites as potential alternative to conventional pultruded fibreglass composites in structural profile applications. In this study, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was conducted to select the ideal natural fibre as reinforcement in the hybrid pultruded FRP composites suitable for structural applications. Hence, 13 natural fibre candidates were selected as alternatives and six criteria were chosen and analysed to select the best candidate for pultruded hybrid FRP. Criteria such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, density, cellulose content, elongation, and availability of fibres were assigned as the standard of selecting natural fibres for the application intended in this study. Among the 13 alternatives, kenaf was found to be the most suitable reinforcement for the application as it yielded the highest priority vector at 0.1. The results were then validated by carrying out sensitivity analysis to ensure kenaf is the most suitable material for the research.

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42

Gopalan, Venkatachalam, Rahul Vyas, Ishangiri Goswami, Abhi Shah, and Vignesh Pragasam. "Flexural Analysis of Epoxy Polymer Composite Reinforced With Sugarcane Fibre/Fly Ash/Carbon-Nanotube." International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science 9, no. 1 (January 2021): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijseims.2021010106.

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The concept of reuse and recycle plays a very important role in using waste materials effectively. Fabrication of green composites, which adopts the reinforcement of natural and biodegradable fibres in place of synthetic fibres, is a constructive way to achieve reusability and recyclability. Hence, the sugarcane fibre, fly ash, and carbon nano tube are selected as reinforcement/filler materials for fabricating epoxy polymer matrix composite. This work is intended to investigate the flexural behaviour of the fabricated epoxy polymer composite by varying the wt. % of CNT/sugarcane fibre/fly ash. Central composite design of response surface methodology, one of the concepts of design of experiments, is used to make the experimental specimens. Further, analysis of variance is used to accomplish the influence of CNT/sugarcane fibre/fly ash on the flexural behaviour of composite. Optimized parameters are obtained to achieve the improved flexural behaviour, and the same is confirmed by the confirmation experiment.

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43

Syduzzaman, Md, Md Abdullah Al Faruque, Kadir Bilisik, and Maryam Naebe. "Plant-Based Natural Fibre Reinforced Composites: A Review on Fabrication, Properties and Applications." Coatings 10, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100973.

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The increasing global environmental concerns and awareness of renewable green resources is continuously expanding the demand for eco-friendly, sustainable and biodegradable natural fibre reinforced composites (NFRCs). Natural fibres already occupy an important place in the composite industry due to their excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties. Natural fibres are biodegradable, biocompatible, eco-friendly and created from renewable resources. Therefore, they are extensively used in place of expensive and non-renewable synthetic fibres, such as glass fibre, carbon fibre and aramid fibre, in many applications. Additionally, the NFRCs are used in automobile, aerospace, personal protective clothing, sports and medical industries as alternatives to the petroleum-based materials. To that end, in the last few decades numerous studies have been carried out on the natural fibre reinforced composites to address the problems associated with the reinforcement fibres, polymer matrix materials and composite fabrication techniques in particular. There are still some drawbacks to the natural fibre reinforced composites (NFRCs)—for example, poor interfacial adhesion between the fibre and the polymer matrix, and poor mechanical properties of the NFRCs due to the hydrophilic nature of the natural fibres. An up-to-date holistic review facilitates a clear understanding of the behaviour of the composites along with the constituent materials. This article intends to review the research carried out on the natural fibre reinforced composites over the last few decades. Furthermore, up-to-date encyclopaedic information about the properties of the NFRCs, major challenges and potential measures to overcome those challenges along with their prospective applications have been exclusively illustrated in this review work. Natural fibres are created from plant, animal and mineral-based sources. The plant-based cellulosic natural fibres are more economical than those of the animal-based fibres. Besides, these pose no health issues, unlike mineral-based fibres. Hence, in this review, the NFRCs fabricated with the plant-based cellulosic fibres are the main focus.

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Shalwan, A., S. Oraby, and A. Alaskari. "Mathematical Modelling of the Interfacial Adhesion of Date Palm/Epoxy." Journal of Materials Science Research 5, no. 3 (April 20, 2016): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v5n3p29.

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<p class="1Body">In recent years, high interests has emerged to use natural fibres as alternative reinforcements synthetic due to its unique benefits regarding renewability, recyclability, degradability, lightweight, and low cost. Recent investigations revealed that the mechanical performance of fibre reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) is predicated mainly on the interfacial adhesion of fibre with the matrices. In the current work, an empirical approach was exploited to develop mathematical models using linear regression routines available in SPSS IBM program. Such models are established to determine the functional interrelations between, each of the fibres diameters and the percentage of chemical treatment, as independent or response variables, and the interfacial bonding between the DPF and Epoxy resin. Both single fibre tensile testing (SFTT) and single fibre fragmentation testing (SFFT) are considered to study the interfacial adhesion of fibre with matrix and to reflect the real loading conditions. Such testing procedures are carried out for Date Palm Fibres (DPFs) and Date palm fibre reinforced Epoxy composites (DPFEs) with different fibre diameter (0.3-0.7 mm) under different NaOH concentrations (0-9 wt.%). Experimental testing results indicated that the optimum interfacial adhesion and strength of the fibre can be achieved with small fibre diameter when 6 wt. % NaOH concentrations is employed. The use of higher NaOH concentration generally leads to deterioration in the fibre strength. Developed models, on one hand, proved to have the capability to qualitatively and quantitatively grasp the true relationships and, on the other hand, to emphasize the high potential to utilize natural fibres as a replacement of synthetic fibres with affirmation taking into consideration the role of diameter size and chemical treatment of fibres to reach the optimum mechanical behaviour of NFRPCs.</p>

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45

Alajmi, Abdalrahman, Rajab Abousnina, Abdullah Shalwan, Sultan Alajmi, Golnaz Alipour, Tafsirojjaman Tafsirojjaman, and Geoffrey Will. "An Experimental and Numerical Investigation into the Durability of Fibre/Polymer Composites with Synthetic and Natural Fibres." Polymers 14, no. 10 (May 16, 2022): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14102024.

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Progress in engineering research has shifted the interest from traditional monolithic materials to modern materials such as fibre reinforced composites (FRC). This paradigm shift can be attributed to the unique mechanical characteristics of FRCs such as high strength to weight ratio, good flexural strength, and fracture toughness. At present, synthetic composites dominate the automotive, aerospace, sporting, and construction industries despite serious drawbacks such as costly raw materials, high manufacturing costs, non-recyclability, toxicity, and non-biodegradability. To address these issues, naturally occurring plant fibres (such as jute, hemp, sisal) are being increasingly researched as potential reinforcements for biodegradable or non-biodegradable polymer matrices to produce environmentally friendly composites. In this study, sisal fibres were selected owing to their low production costs, sustainability, recyclability, and biodegradability. The hydrothermal ageing and mechanical characteristics of sisal fibre-reinforced epoxy (SFRE) composites were determined and compared with glass fibre-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) synthetic composites. Moreover, a first-of-its-kind numerical model have been developed to study the hydrothermal ageing and mechanical characteristics of SFRE, along with GFRE, using ANSYS software. Moreover, microstructural analysis of flexural tested GFRE and SFRE samples were carried out to identify the microstructural properties of the composites. Both experimental and numerical results exhibited an influence of short- or long-term hydrothermal treatment on the flexural properties of glass and sisal fibre-based composites. In the case of GFRE, the moisture uptake and fibre-matrix de-bonding existed, but it is less severe as compared to the SFRE composites. It was found that the dosage of sisal fibres largely determines the ultimate mechanical performance of the composite. Nonetheless, the experimental and numerical flexural strengths of SFRE were comparable to GFRE composites. This exhibited that the SFRE composites possess the potentiality as a sustainable material for advanced applications.

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46

Keaton, J., and D. T. Preston. "Thermofixation of Dyes on Synthetic-polymer Fibres and their Blends." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 80, no. 6 (October 22, 2008): 312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1964.tb02595.x.

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47

Chao, Y. C., and C. T. Yu. "Bis(arylamino)-dihydroxyanthraquinones: bluish green dyes for synthetic polymer fibres." Dyes and Pigments 19, no. 4 (January 1992): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-7208(92)80030-q.

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48

Sivasubramanian, Palanisamy, Mayandi Kalimuthu, Murugesan Palaniappan, Azeez Alavudeen, Nagarajan Rajini, and Carlo Santulli. "Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Properties of Acacia Caesia Bark Fibres." Fibers 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9080049.

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Анотація:

As possible substitutes for non-biodegradable synthetic fibre, ligno-cellulosic fibres have attracted much interest for their eco-friendliness; a large number of them are already used for the production of green polymer composites. The search for further green candidates brings into focus other fibres not previously considered, yet part of other production systems, therefore available as by-products or refuse. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of alkali treatment with 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to enhance the properties of bark-extracted Acacia Caesia Bark (ACB) fibres. The microscopic structure of the treated fibres was elucidated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the fibres were characterised in terms of chemical composition and density and subjected to single-fibre tensile tests (SFTT). Following their physico-chemical characterisation, fibre samples underwent thermal characterisation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and their crystallinity was assessed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). This level of alkali treatment only marginally modified the structure of the fibres and offered some improvement in their tensile strength. This suggested that they compare well with other bark fibres and that their thermal profile showed some increase of degradation onset temperature with respect to untreated ACB fibres. Their crystallinity would allow their application in the form of fibres with an average length of approximately 150 mm, even in thermoplastic biocomposites.

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Ahmed, Mansur, Md Saiful Islam, Qumrul Ahsan, and Md Mainul Islam. "Fabrication and Characterization of Unidirectional Silk Fibre Composites." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.20.

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Natural fibres offer a number of benefits as reinforcement for synthetic polymers since they have high specific strength and stiffness, high impact strength, biodegradability etc. The aim of this study is to fabricate and determine the performance of unidirectional silk fibre reinforced polymer composites. In the present initial study, alkali treated silk fibres were incorporated as reinforcing agent, while a mixture of 20% maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) and commercial grade polypropylene (PP) was used as matrix element. The unidirectional composites were fabricated by using hot compression machine under specific pressure, temperature and varying fibre loading. Tensile, flexural, impact and hardness tests were carried out by varying silk fibre volume fraction. Composites containing 45% fibre volume fraction had higher tensile and flexural strength, Young’s modulus and flexural modulus compared to other fabricated composites including those with untreated silk fibres. SEM micrographs were taken to examine composite fracture surface and interfacial adhesion between silk fibre and the matrix. These micrographs suggested less fibre pull out and better interfacial bonding for 40% fibre reinforced composites.

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50

Archana, D. P., H. N. Jagannatha Reddy, and Basavaraju Paruti. "Mechanical Characterization of Biocomposites Reinforced with Untreated and 4% NaOH-Treated Sisal and Jute Fibres." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (May 6, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7777904.

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Composites reinforced with natural fibres have gained popularity compared to synthetic fibre-reinforced polymer composites due to their environmental sustainability, despite their reduced stiffness and load-bearing capability. In this work, the biocomposites reinforced with sisal and jute fibres which are made by hand layup technique were investigated for mechanical and water absorption characteristics. The effect of a 4 percent NaoH treatment concentration on the aforementioned properties was investigated. The specimens’ tensile and flexural broken surfaces were morphologically characterized to investigate microstructural failures. The experimental results show that, compared to untreated fibre-reinforced composites, the biocomposites reinforced with 4 percent NaoH-treated fibre exhibit higher tensile, flexural, and impact strengths, as well reduced water absorption rate. These composites are aimed to be used for strengthening existing civil structures as a retrofitting element.

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