Статті в журналах: "Synergy of cooperation"

1

Jin, Gao Yun. "On Synergy of Management Innovation and Technological Innovation of Enterprise, University and Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2968–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2968.

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The cooperative technological innovation of enterprise, university and research has received more and more social attention, but in the process of cooperation, it may also cause many problems that cannot reach the final goal of cooperative technology innovation. The reason is that we always neglect the cooperation with the management innovation in the process of technology innovation. Based on the Synergy Theory, this paper analyzes the cause of cooperation of enterprise, university and research, from the economic and management aspects. What is more, the paper researches and analyzes the synergy mechanism of the technology innovation and management innovation, and explains the management innovation is the important guarantee and realizing way of technological innovation.

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Li, Jian, and Sheng Ren Piao. "Research on Regional Synergy Carbon Reduction Cost Allocation Based on Cooperative Game." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2569.

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Regional synergy reduction of carbon emissions is an effective means of reducing the total emission.In order to encourage each region to join reduction mechanism,first of all, we should set a reasonable plan about the cost of cooperative emission reduction.This thesis is based on the way of cooperative game to analysis the cost allocation problem of cooperative reduction in the area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,and discuss the rational behavior of cooperative reduction in each region. This paper uses Shapley value method to find the solution of the cooperation model, the example shows that the cooperation mechanism is reasonable,so as to verify the feasibility of the regional collaborative carbon emission reduction.And this paper could provide some policy suggestions for regional carbon emission reduction in our country.

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3

Cornforth, Daniel M., David J. T. Sumpter, Sam P. Brown, and Åke Brännström. "Synergy and Group Size in Microbial Cooperation." American Naturalist 180, no. 3 (September 2012): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/667193.

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4

Hauert, Christoph, Franziska Michor, Martin A. Nowak, and Michael Doebeli. "Synergy and discounting of cooperation in social dilemmas." Journal of Theoretical Biology 239, no. 2 (March 2006): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.08.040.

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5

Liu, Jinzhuo, Haoran Meng, Wei Wang, Tong Li, and Yong Yu. "Synergy punishment promotes cooperation in spatial public good game." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 109 (April 2018): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2018.01.019.

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6

Siswanto, Ahmed. "Environmental policy in the Czech Republic: Synergy cooperation among agencies." African Journal of Political Science and International Relations 9, no. 7 (July 31, 2015): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpsir2011.039.

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Han, The Anh, and Tom Lenaerts. "A synergy of costly punishment and commitment in cooperation dilemmas." Adaptive Behavior 24, no. 4 (July 26, 2016): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712316653451.

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Du, Longbo, and Jing Gao. "Risk and Income Evaluation Decision Model of PPP Project Based on Fuzzy Borda Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (January 20, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6615593.

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In order to effectively analyze the risk-return decision-making model of PPP project by Yuan et al., (2020) this paper, based on the fuzzy Borda method and synergy effect theory, considers the synergistic effect of PPP project, constructs the model of investment risk sharing, incentive, and supervision punishment, and determines the investment risk sharing, incentive, and PPP project investment. This paper also aims to supervise and punish the decision-making mechanism to achieve the goals of the PPP project. The research results show that the increased synergy of project participants not only reduces the impact of investment risk on project revenue but also promotes project participants to increase their willingness to undertake risks, actively undertake project risks, and achieve synergy effects of PPP projects. Through the cooperation of both parties, the total income of PPP projects is increased. The research results show that the government chooses social capital participants with complementary advantages to form synergy as shown by Jiang et al. (2016); with the increase of synergy, the government needs to increase the incentive intensity, improve the performance behavior of social capital participants as proposed by Junlong et al. (2020), curb their speculation, and promote the two sides. Due to the increased synergy and the willingness of social capital participants to increase cooperation and reduce speculation, the government should reduce the intensity of supervision and punishment.

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Arifin, M., M. Dirhamsyah, and Nizamuddin. "The synergy between government institutions in clean water preparedness for earthquake and tsunami disaster management in Banda Aceh City." E3S Web of Conferences 340 (2022): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234001007.

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Synergy is coordination and cooperation between groups of people in order to achieve an efficient goal. An example of a synergy is the synergy between government agencies to improve access to clean water in relation to disaster management. This study aims to describe the synergy between Indonesia’s government agencies to improve access to clean water in relation to disaster management, determine the factors that affect the synergy, and recommend a synergy model. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interview with the heads of government agencies that had a duty to improve access to clean water, observation, and literature review. The data analysis technique was triangulation technique. The results of this study was that the synergy between the government agencies had not run well due to several inhibiting factors that were inefficient planning, overlapping work division, and no evaluation.

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WEI, Guang-xing, Le-an YU, Shou-yang WANG, and Kin Keung LAI. "Study on Incentive Factors of Team Cooperation based on Synergy Effect." Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice 27, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1874-8651(08)60007-1.

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11

Fernández, Eliseo. "Synergy of Energy and Semiosis: Cooperation Climbs the Tree of Life." Biosemiotics 9, no. 3 (November 7, 2016): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12304-016-9270-7.

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12

Askarov, B., A. Yuldashev, and D. Sultanova. "SYNERGY METHOD FOR SOLVING SOME PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION." ASJ 2, no. 56 (December 30, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/asj.2707-9864.2021.2.56.154.

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In the given article there were analyzed the requirements for new generation textbooks are analyzed to improve the quality of education based on the principles of synergy. In the paper, the requirements for the formation of cooperation between a teacher and a student were analyzed on the basis of such synergistic concepts as openness, nonlinearity and non nonstability, and on their basis a synergetic lesson plan was developed.

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13

Kurowska-Pysz, Joanna, Dominika Wienchor, and Jacek Woźnikowski. "Identification of Values Shaping Inter-Organizational Relations on the Example of the Project The Metropolitan Theatres Night." Cultural Management: Science and Education 5, no. 2 (January 4, 2021): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/cmse.5-2.09.

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Inter-organizational cooperation is based on the development of relationships between partners who have attractive tangible or intangible values which may be the subject of exchange. In inter-organizatio-nal cooperation, at least two key stages of relationship development can be distinguished. The first con-cern is initiating ties between potential partners; the second, strengthening, expanding and deepening these ties. The authors attempted to identify the values that affect the relations between organizations cooperating on a joint project in the cultural sphere. The research process was based on the assump-tions of grounded theory. The incomplete induction method was used. In order to solve this research problem, the authors analysed a case study of a network project led by the Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolis, entitled Metropolitan Theatres Night, and in addition, conducted qualitative research (in-dividual in-depth interviews and written surveys), amongst organizations cooperating on this project. The research proved that the assessment of key values to project partners at the stage of initiating and developing cooperation is varied. At the stage of initiating relations, the financial benefits of coopera-tion and the prestige associated with it are most important. In contrast, at the stage of cooperation development financial benefits come first, while other elements are of secondary importance. The rese-arch results show that the partnership does not use many opportunities resulting from the synergy of resources or joint learning during the long period of cooperation. In connection with the above, the authors defined recommendations that may serve to improve inter-organizational cooperation in this type of project and in other partnerships.

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14

Quan, Ji, Man Zhang, and Xianjia Wang. "Effects of synergy and discounting on cooperation in spatial public goods games." Physics Letters A 388 (February 2021): 127055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2020.127055.

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15

Ouyang, Xinshou, Hideo Negishi, Rie Takeda, Yasuyuki Fujita, Tadatsugu Taniguchi, and Kenya Honda. "Cooperation between MyD88 and TRIF pathways in TLR synergy via IRF5 activation." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 354, no. 4 (March 2007): 1045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.090.

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16

Pan, Zihai. "On the Cooperative Education Mechanism of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Synergy." Scientific and Social Research 3, no. 5 (November 5, 2021): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ssr.v3i5.1231.

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Ideological and political education in colleges and universities is a complex system, which needs to strengthen mutual cooperation among subsystems with the help of synergetic theory to make the internal state of system from disorder to order, from independence to relevance, so as to achieve the effect of cooperative education. In order to promote the in-depth combination of synergetic theory with ideological and political education in colleges and universities and to enhance synergy level, it is necessary to strengthen and improve the construction of synergetic education mechanism, and empower the construction of political and ideological synergetic education with a sound synergetic mechanism.

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17

Jaržemskis, Andrius. "RESEARCH ON PUBLIC LOGISTICS CENTRE AS TOOL FOR COOPERATION." TRANSPORT 22, no. 1 (March 31, 2007): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2007.9638096.

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This paper focuses on logistics centre concept and benefits for users. Intermodal benefit, forwarders impact, IT solutions, new transport flows due to synergy, better supply chain management, additional services, cost sharing, economies of scale, quality of the services, know‐how, joint marketing impact, and benefit for growth of third‐party logistics services are presented. The main bottlenecks such as duration of planning logistics centres process, pressure to land use for other purposes and problems caused by legislation are described. Results of pilot study of benefits from business cooperation are presented and concluded as well.

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18

Shundikov, K. V. "The legal life self-organization concept as a promising direction of development of domestic jurisprudence." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18000.

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The article evaluates the prospects of using synergetic methodology in modern domestic jurisprudence. The topicality of using methodological resources of self-organization concepts in society legal life researching is proved, the most important areas of synergy and law science cooperation are outlined.

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19

Zheng, Jingzhi, and Qixuan Shi. "An Empirical Study on Cross-Border E-Eommerce Talent Cultivation Based on Skill Gap Theory and Big Data Analysis." Journal of Global Information Management 30, no. 7 (September 2022): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.292522.

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To solve the dilemma between the increasing demand for cross-border e-commerce talents and incompatible students’ skill level, Industry-University-Research cooperation, as an essential pillar for inter-disciplinary talent cultivation model adopted by colleges and universities, brings out the synergy from relevant parties and builds the bridge between the knowledge and practice. Nevertheless, industry-university-research cooperation developed lately in the cross-border e-commerce field with several problems such as unstable collaboration relationships and vague training plans.

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20

Royan, Franciscus Musa, Dyah Sawitri, and Slamet Riyadi. "The Effect of Multi Channel Retailing, Cooperation Synergity and Accounting Information Systems on Business Development Strategies that Impact on Business Performance." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study 2, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrems.v2i3.135.

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In this study the researchers chose the research object, namely a building material trading company in Sampit, Central Kalimantan named PT. Samudra Mas Group. The urgency of this study is to determine whether the multi-channel retailing variable, cooperation synergy and accounting information systems affect business development strategies and ultimately have an impact on company performance. This is to ensure the use of a business development strategy for the next 5 years. The study was conducted using respondents who are employees of PT. Samudra Mas Group, which has director positions to middle management and has the authority to make decisions in company operations. Respondents amounted to 70 people. This research measurement method using Smart PLS Professional 3.0. Pulling data by observation, interviews and distributing questionnaires. The results showed that multi-channel retailing, synergy of cooperation and accounting information systems significantly influence business development strategies. As well as a business development strategy to mediate multi-channel retailing that affects business performance.

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Farra, Sharon, Kathy J. Keister, and Ann M. Stalter. "A Concept Analysis of Synergy for Nursing Education." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 32, no. 4 (November 2018): 370–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.32.4.370.

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Background and Purpose: Synergy is a term found widely throughout the sciences. There is a need for improved methods and delivery of instruction that supports learners in their pursuit of academic goals and facilitates their transition into the professional role. Critical for students is teamwork training, both as team members and facilitators. Some teams have outcomes greater than their own individual efforts, while others do not. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is synergy. A concept analysis was conducted to define synergy in the context of nursing education and to gain insight on its impact on learning. Using Walker and Avant’s (2011) method, definitions, uses, attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents were identified. Methods: Six databases were searched, using the keyword synergy (syntactic variations) and search terms (nursing, education, student, learning, training, collaboration, teamwork, and cooperation) with the parameter of English language (1980–2017). Articles were delimited through duplication removal, title, and abstract review. Thirty articles were selected for review based upon the use of synergy within the context of education. Results: Synergy is demonstrated whengroup outcomes exceed the results of individual efforts. Attributes are mutuality of support, actions, goalswith greater than individual effects, and teaching strategies. Consequences are greater problem-solving, creativity, and goal attainment than are accomplished individually. Implications for Practice: Incorporating synergy into nursing education can promote teamwork and collaboration and facilitate learners to collaborate inter-professionally. Recommendations are to research synergy within nursing education.

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Pei, De Chao, and Guo Li. "The Motive Mechanism of the Development of Competitive Sports by Synergetic View." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 1833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.1833.

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Based on the theories of System and Synergy, by analyzing Competition phenomenon and Synergies phenomenon in the development of Competitive Sports to seek the motive mechanism of Competitive Sports. Conclusion: (1) Competition and Synergy between Athletes are the driving forces of the Competitive Sports. (2) Order parameters—-Competitive Sports Theory which can disclaimer system elements are formed in the development process of Competitive Sports. Suggestion: (1) Adjusting system’s external control parameters to promote competition between system elements; (2) Promoting cooperation of athletes and coaches to seek common improvement; (3) promoting the application of the theory of competitive sports and displaying its control functions.

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Zhou, Xuan, Chen Chen, Jiankang Chen, Yanling Li, Xiang Lu, Junru Li, and Yongfei Wang. "Evaluation Method of Synergy Degree for Comprehensive Benefits System of Hydropower Projects." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 28, 2021): 10770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910770.

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The hydropower project had comprehensively benefited people from aspects of the economy, society, ecology, etc. The comprehensive benefit is a key indicator for evaluating a project’s performance. However, the existing studies only evaluated the comprehensive benefit and ignored the relationship among different benefits, which is of great significance for the sustainable development of a project. Therefore, in the framework of the complex system composed of economic, social, and ecological benefit subsystems, a synergy degree evaluation method is constructed based on the evaluation index system of the comprehensive benefits, and the compound weight is determined by using the non-linear model and the Lagrange function. Thus, the changing rules of the order degree and the synergy degree for the subsystems in different years can be obtained. The proposed method is applied to a gate dam (named SG) to appraise the relationship among benefits. The results show that the economic, social, and ecological benefits of the SG dam from 2011 to 2018 are gradually to be a better state, but the synergy degrees of the complex system belong to “bottom synergy” and “moderate synergy” level, which indicates that there is no close cooperation among the three benefit subsystems.

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Khasan, Setiaji, Kardoyo, and Farid Maghfuri Nofan. "Building Synergism through Cluster Strategy in Developing the Weaving Industry." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 10009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187310009.

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Industrial sector as a main drive of the Indonesian economy has a challenge to build a synergy between industrial business actors. Tnis study aims to determine tne pattern of relationsnip in tne weaving industry; to identify the cluster strategies in the weaving industry; to analyze the supporting and obstructing factors of the cluster strategy. This study uses a qualitative approach, i.e. case study type. Data in this study were collected from industries of Troso weaving. The results show that there are three patterns of relationship: cooperative, supportive and non-supportive between small, medium and large industries. Cluster strategies in the development of weaving industry are applied through inter-industry cooperation, availability of raw material input and supporting materials which indicate that the cluster has shown efficiency and synergy in production process as the majority of labor input comes from within the cluster. Local government supports, local community wisdom, locations, availability of skilled workforce and technologies become the factors that support the successful cluster strategies. While the capital, management, competition, marketing, and industrial relations are still great constraints.

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Cai, Yuzhuo, Borja Ramis Ferrer, and Jose Luis Martinez Lastra. "Building University-Industry Co-Innovation Networks in Transnational Innovation Ecosystems: Towards a Transdisciplinary Approach of Integrating Social Sciences and Artificial Intelligence." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2019): 4633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174633.

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This paper presents a potential solution to fill a gap in both research and practice that there are few interactions between transnational industry cooperation (TIC) and transnational university cooperation (TUC) in transnational innovation ecosystems. To strengthen the synergies between TIC and TUC for innovation, the first step is to match suitable industrial firms from two countries for collaboration through their common connections to transnational university/academic partnerships. Our proposed matching solution is based on the integration of social science theories and specific artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. While the insights of social sciences, e.g., innovation studies and social network theory, have potential to answer the question of why TIC and TUC should be looked at as synergetic entities with elaborated conceptualization, the method of machine learning, as one specific technic off AI, can help answer the question of how to realize that synergy. On the way towards a transdisciplinary approach to TIC and TUC synergy building, or creating transnational university-industry co-innovation networks, the paper takes an initial step by examining what the supports and gaps of existing studies on the topic are, and using the context of EU–China science, technology and innovation cooperation as a testbed. This is followed by the introduction of our proposed approach and our suggestions for future research.

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Bryndin, Evgeniy. "Creative Innovative Higher Education of Researchers with Flexible Skills and Synergy of Cooperation." Contemporary Research in Education and English Language Teaching 1, no. 1 (2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33094/26410230.2019.11.1.6.

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27

Wang, JunFang, and JinLi Guo. "A synergy of punishment and extortion in cooperation dilemmas driven by the leader." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 119 (February 2019): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2019.01.004.

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28

STADNYK, Valentyna, Lilija HRYZOVSKA, and Maksym GADZHUK. "RESOURCE SYNERGY OF NETWORK COOPERATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL STRUCTURES: FACTORS AND CONDITIONS OF ACHIEVEMENT." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 304, no. 2(1) (March 18, 2022): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-304-2(1)-27.

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The article highlights the problematic aspects of the functioning of business structures of Ukraine in the war and the future recovery period, It is emphasized that maintaining their viability requires new models of economic cooperation. They must meet the paradigm of the knowledge economy and ensure the achievement of sustainable development goals. In their organizational basis, new business models should be based on the potential of human interaction in the creation and use of new knowledge that can be embodied in competitive products and services in the global market. It is argued that such models of economic cooperation are network business partnerships, which are formed by integrating business structures along the chains of consumer value. The advantages of network business partnership in two spheres are systematized: direct resource supply and formation of organizational conditions for achieving resource synergy. Emphasis is placed on changing the dispositions of participants within the organizational shell of the business network – an individual participant is transformed from a resource (a means by which the desired result is achieved in the chain of consumer value) to a business development partner. Understanding by network members of their role in ensuring the effectiveness of the created business model determines their organizational behavior, makes it competitive. This contributes to the accumulation of an important intangible resource to achieve resource synergy – network organizational capital. The conditions under which the business network will be stable and efficient are indicated. They belong to the motivational function of management and provide an assessment of the valence of the motives of the participants. It is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of cooperation, in which the motivation of participants to develop overall competitiveness will outweigh the motivation of separate management.

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Huang, Can, Ting Ouyang, Ying Zou, Nan Li, and Zhao-Qing Liu. "Ultrathin NiCo2Px nanosheets strongly coupled with CNTs as efficient and robust electrocatalysts for overall water splitting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 17 (2018): 7420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta11364a.

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Optimized active Ni–Co bimetallic phosphide are decorated on high conductive carbon nanotubes to serve as the efficient overall water splitting catalyst. Benefiting from cooperation between synergy effects and multi-level structure, NiCo₂Px/CNTs is capable of constituting water electrolyzer used as both anode and cathode.

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Fang, Xiaoping, Zhang Ji, Zhiya Chen, Weiya Chen, Chao Cao, and Jinrong Gan. "Synergy Degree Evaluation of Container Multimodal Transport System." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041487.

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Logistics activities are an important source of energy consumption and environmental issues. Research conclusions and practical experience show that promoting the development of container multimodal transport is an effective way to reduce the level of carbon footprint. The key to influencing the development of container multimodal transport lies in the cooperation of all participants and links (modes of transport, transport businesses). Evaluating the synergy degree is a key step in this development process. This paper takes the whole process of container multimodal transportation as the research perspective, analyzes the operation process, and treats the process as a production system composed of four subsystems: facilities and equipment, organizational management, business operations, and information interactions. Through in-depth interviews and an analysis of the academic literature and policy documents, we establish a synergy degree evaluation index system and measurement model of container multimodal transport based on synergy theory and case studies. The research results are consistent with the actual situation. From 2015 to 2018, the synergy of container multimodal transport system of China’s G port developed slowly, but generally moved in a more orderly direction.

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Tomášková, Eva, Lucie Kaňovská, and Josef Bednář. "Synergy of interfunctional cooperation and services in companies producing electrical equipment and electronic components in the Czech Republic: pilot study." Oeconomia Copernicana 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 441–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2018.022.

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Research background: Interfunctional coordination (IFC) is a part of market orientation and at the same time an approach which helps to improve cooperation between different departments or functions in a company. Market orientation is an approach aimed at external and internal elements and activities leading to performance increase. Services offered by a manufacturer are activities complementing their products. Manufacturers can benefit from the service differentiation and use it to design alternative marketing strategies. Generally, IFC and services — contributes to higher positive effect on business performance. For this reason, it is interesting to know if synergy of IFC and services have a higher positive effect on business performance. Purpose of the article: This article aims to determine how IFC and services at manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic influence business performance. The research question is as follows: Does the synergy of IFC and services in companies producing electrical equipment and electronic components have a higher positive effect on business performance? Methods: Sixty SME’s filled in a questionnaire to gather information about IFC and services. For measurement of correlation for two variables, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was chosen. Regression analysis was used for measuring the synergy. Findings & Value added: The main finding shows that the synergy of the quantities observed has not been confirmed, although some of the following relations were approved such as a positive relationship between: a) some items of IFC and items of business performance, b) some items of services and items of business performance and c) items of IFC and items of services. The result of the paper shows further consequences of IFC and services in today’s manufacturing companies.

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Zhou, M. J., and E. J. Brown. "CR3 (Mac-1, alpha M beta 2, CD11b/CD18) and Fc gamma RIII cooperate in generation of a neutrophil respiratory burst: requirement for Fc gamma RIII and tyrosine phosphorylation." Journal of Cell Biology 125, no. 6 (June 15, 1994): 1407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.125.6.1407.

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Cooperation among plasma membrane receptors in activating signal transduction cascades is not well understood. For almost 20 years, it has been clear that when a particulate foreign body is opsonized with complement as well as IgG, the efficiency of IgG effector functions is markedly enhanced. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in cooperation between IgG Fc receptors and complement receptors have not been elucidated. In this work, we show that when human neutrophils (PMN) are plated on a surface coated with both anti-CR3 and anti-Fc gamma RIII antibodies, the respiratory burst which occurs is equivalent to that stimulated by anti-Fc gamma RII. The CR3 ligand iC3b is as effective as anti-CR3 for cooperating with anti-Fc gamma RIII in generation of a respiratory burst. The synergy between CR3 and Fc gamma RIII for activating the NADPH oxidase is abolished by Fab of anti-Fc gamma RII. Nonetheless, the observed synergy is not an artifact of unintended Fc gamma RII ligation, since (a) only this combination of antibodies works to generate H2O2; (b) coating plates with either of the antibodies alone cannot activate the respiratory burst at any dose; (c) LAD (CR3 deficient) cells, which are perfectly competent to mount a respiratory burst when Fc gamma RII is engaged, are incapable of activating the respiratory burst when adherent to wells coated with anti-Fc gamma RIII and anti-CR3; (d) direct engagement of Fc gamma RII activates the respiratory burst by a pathway pharmacologically distinguishable from the synergistic respiratory burst. Fc gamma RIII/CR3 synergy is abolished by cytochalasin B and herbimicin, suggesting that both the actin cytoskeleton and tyrosine phosphorylation are necessary for activation of the synergistic respiratory burst. Further analysis shows that CR3 and Fc gamma RIII have distinct roles in activation of this Fc gamma RII-dependent assembly of the NADPH oxidase. Ligation of CR3 is sufficient to lead to Fc gamma RII association with the actin cytoskeleton on the adherent PMN surface. Coligation of Fc gamma RIII is required for tyrosine phosphorylation of Fc gamma RII. These data are consistent with a model in which phosphorylation of Fc gamma RII or a closely associated substrate initiates activation of a signal transduction pathway leading to oxidase assembly. These are the first data to demonstrate a molecular mechanism for synergy between IgG Fc and complement receptors in activation of phagocyte effector functions.

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Djuyandi, Yusa, Heri Casnoto, and Wahyu Hidayat. "MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR (MOOTW): SYNERGY OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMED FORCES (TNI) AND NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY (BNPB) IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 4 (September 26, 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7416.

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Purpose of the study: The position of Indonesia at the point of three plates of the earth and its location in the tropics makes it vulnerable to disasters. To face the possible disaster, Indonesia Armed Force following its mandate based on Law No. 34 of 2007, synergize with the National Board of Disaster Management to design disaster management cooperation through joint exercise training routinely until 2015. Methodology: The research used a qualitative method, with primary data in the form of interview and observation, and secondary data were obtained from related documents, such as meeting notes and data on the deployment of troops to the disaster area. Main Findings: The results show that the synergy between two institutions through the cooperation of personnel training, considering the strengths of each institution that can be mutually reinforcing in disaster management is very important to be continued. Applications of this study: This study which about military operations other than war (MOOTW) can be useful in every country because of this research look at the synergy between the military and other institutions in disaster management, Social Science, Security Studies and Social Science. Novelty/Originality of this study: Research on military operations other than war generally looks more at how the military serves as peacekeepers in conflict-prone areas. Very little research has examined the synergy of the military and other institutions in tackling natural disasters.

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Kudeev, A. S. "The new vector of state-private partnership in development of the young specialists’ housing motivation." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 4-1 (February 20, 2013): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68305.

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The article is devoted to the review of practical mechanisms construction in the system of state-private partnership of new social and structural relations based on synergy of interests in development of housing cooperation and housing infrastructure from the point of view of employees and employers and also from the point of view of municipal, regional and federal authorities.

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Herbasuki, Herbasuki, and Hardi Warsono. "Synergy Development of Tourism Destination in Semarang District." Prosiding Semnasfi 1, no. 1 (May 9, 2018): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/semnasfi.v1i1.1123.

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The purpose of tourism development in addition to improving community empowerment is also expected to be a potential sector in increasing local revenue. This study illustrates the various contradictions that occur in building collaboration in the field of tourism, so that Tourism Collaborative Governance is the main focus in this paper. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach, with in-depth interview and focus group discussion within the framework of source triangulation selected in data collection, as well as taxonomy into the choice of data analysis techniques. The research indicates that the district government of Semarang has included the tourism sector in its priority development program. The development of tourism destinations is done in cooperation with various stakeholders. Plans of development activities to be undertaken include: revitalization of tourism objects, infrastructure improvements, quality improvement of tourism implementing resources and community empowerment. The development of tourism destinations will mainly be done in the area of Gedongsongo temple, Muncul bath, Umbul Senjoyo and Bukit Cinta/Bukit Brawijaya. But in the implementation has not provided optimal results.

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Raushan Kumar, Nasan Bayar, and Ravindra Kumar. "Buddhism: An Ancient Point In The China - India Synergy." Pacific International Journal 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.55014/pij.v2i1.69.

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For both China and India, Buddhism is a useful enhancer of cultural soft power. The religion has, over the past decade, increased in importance for India as New Delhi tries to reenergize the religious tradition and integrate it into the country’s cultural strength; for China, meanwhile, Buddhism is animportant means of soothing domestic discontent and staving off risks to its territorial integrity. This article finds how Buddhism has strengthen the bilateral ties between two countries. Buddhism, which China has begun describing as an “ancient Chinese religion”, and India which has started to incorporate genuine spiritual elements, now operates as a tool of synergise cooperation amongst two nations. Also, as both seek influence among Buddhist countries and international Buddhist organisations, this article finds that whether use of Buddhism by different means is straightforwardly tactical and influential enough or not.

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Jankovič Grobelšek, Liljana. "Planning and urbanistic projects – the non-author approach and issues of synergy in cooperation." Urbani izziv 16, no. 2 (2009): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2005-16-02-014.

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김보라 and 송병구. "Strengthening Cooperation between Invest Mongolia Agency and KOTRA: From the Perspective of Synergy Opportunities." Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 22, no. 3 (September 2015): 161–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18107/japs.2015.22.3.005.

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Zarour, Nacer eddine, and Sabrina Bouzidi. "Coalition Formation for Cooperative Information Agent-Based Systems." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2006): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2006.3.2297.

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The communication technology evolution led to an increase of the carried out services’ and tasks’ number. The aim of actual research in the cooperation and particularly the negotiation between agents is to reach a coherent global state of the multiagent system by favoring agents’ synergy. In this paper, we propose a coalition formation-based negotiation model for the task allocation in the cooperative information agent-based systems. In this model, the agent that activates a negotiation seeks partners for achieving a complex task. The way that the partners take part in a coalition is done one by one according to the choice of all the coalition members. This choice is based on a multicriterion analysis. Some obtained experimental results show the suggested model performances.

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Belfiore, Nicola Pio, Andrea Scorza, and Pietro Ursi. "Engineering-Aided Inventive Surgery." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (June 7, 2020): 3957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113957.

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This Editorial presents a new Special Issue dedicated to some old and new interdisciplinary areas of cooperation between engineering and surgery. The first two sections offer some food for thought, in terms of a brief introductory and general review of the past, present, future and visionary perspectives of the synergy between engineering and surgery. The last section presents a very short and reasoned review of the contributions that have been included in the present Special Issue. Given the vastness of the topic that this Special Issue deals with, we hope that our effort may have offered a stimulus, albeit small, to the development of cooperation between engineering and surgery.

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Wilkening, Ken. "Dragon Dust: Atmospheric Science and Cooperation on Desertification in the Asia and Pacific Region." Journal of East Asian Studies 6, no. 3 (December 2006): 433–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800004653.

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Are scientific or nonscientific factors most influential in initiating international cooperation on newly emerging transboundary environmental problems in the Asia and Pacific region? In a case study of long-range atmospheric transport of dust, which is linked to desertification in China and Mongolia, the relative influence of scientific versus nonscientific factors in promoting cooperation in the region is analyzed. The study examines two dimensions of the problem—Northeast Asia and North America—and demonstrates that similar to the distance-dependence of the problem (i.e., dust concentrations decrease the greater the distance from the sources), cooperation follows a parallel relationship (i.e., motivation to cooperate decreases the greater the distance from the sources). Scientific cooperation in Northeast Asia is being institutionalized, but North America has not joined this effort. A synergy between factors must be invoked to explain this situation. In both cases, obvious and often dramatic negative impacts of massive dust storms are an enabling factor allowing more subtle science-related factors to come to the fore.

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Long, Jing. "China’s Engagement in the Danube Sub-Region: Opportunities and Challenges." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 03, no. 04 (January 2017): 535–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740017500282.

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Encouraged by China’s “[Formula: see text] Cooperation” mechanism and the “Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)”, many Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) expect more Chinese engagement in the development of the Danube sub-region. Located in the Danube sub-region, CEECs share common development needs in waterway transport, environmental protection, energy supply and ecological conservation, all of which are great opportunities for China. Nevertheless, China is still faced with some challenges when participating in the Danube sub-regional cooperation with the European Union (EU) and CEECs. When exploring the feasibility of cooperation in the sub-region, China needs to strive for strategic synergy with the EU, and in particular the EU Strategy for Danube Region (EUSDR), make full use of the existing sub-regional platforms and mechanisms for better understanding of recent developments as well as regulations and standards implemented in the sub-region, and expand cooperation with countries along the river, in order to better drive the development of the sub-region.

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Windiyawati, Rini. "SYNERGY OF RELIGIOUS FIGURES WITH THE INDONESIAN ARMED FORCES AND THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA POLICE IN OVERCOMING RADICALISM MOVEMENTS TO SUPPORT STATE DEFENSE IN EAST JAVA." Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity 7, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i2.1219.

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<p>The synergy between religious figures, community leaders, the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI), and the Republic of Indonesia Police (POLRI) is urgently needed for the government is facing radicalism movements in Indonesia. Entering the reformation era, radical ideologies have the possibility more to threaten national security. This study aims to describe the synergy between religious figures, the Indonesian Armed Forces, and the Republic of Indonesia Police to ward off radical movements in East Java. Radicalism is closely related to terrorism, both of which are acts of violence or threats to people's lives. Therefore, it is necessary to have synergy from several parties. The research approach in this research uses qualitative phenomenological research. According to the results of the study, it shows that 1) the factors that cause the rise of radicalism movements in East Java are the greatest lack of education and poverty and 2) the synergy between religious figures, Indonesian Armed Forces, and the Republic of Indonesia Police has been running quite well. It can be seen from good cooperation in carrying out duties and responsibilities in maintaining national integrity, especially in preventing radicalism movements by the religious figure by carrying out various activity agendas as socialization in preventing radicalism movements in East Java.</p>

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Bräutigam, Deborah, and Tang Xiaoyang. "African Shenzhen: China's special economic zones in Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 49, no. 1 (February 11, 2011): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x10000649.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines recent Chinese efforts to construct a series of official economic cooperation zones in Africa. These zones are a central platform in China's announced strategy of engagement in Africa as ‘mutual benefit’. We analyse the background, motives and implementation of the zones, and argue that they form a unique, experimental model of development cooperation in Africa: market-based decisions and investment by Chinese companies are combined with support and subsidies from an Asian ‘developmental state’. Though this cooperation provides a promising new approach to sustainable industrialisation, we also identify serious political, economic and social challenges. Inadequate local learning and local participation could affect the ability of the zones to catalyse African industrialisation. The synergy between Chinese enterprises, the Chinese government and African governments has been evolving through practice. A case study of Egypt provides insight into this learning process.

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Hu, Chun Hua, and Bing Feng Liu. "Research on Knowledge Coordination Model in Engineering Project Cooperation under the Network Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 697 (November 2014): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.697.442.

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In the era of knowledge economy, under the network environment project collaborative knowledge construction has been paid more and more attention. Project team knowledge transfer between form a knowledge network, in line with the basic core in complex network theory goal-directed (edge network structure), has its uniqueness. In this paper, this paper discusses the knowledge network formation, network evolution stage, according to the knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, knowledge learning and knowledge creation of four phases of the micro mechanism of knowledge collaboration, and points out that the body of knowledge of the cooperative intention, attitude and sense of trust, the body of knowledge of the network structure, location and neighborhood structure, the overall network effect and the types of knowledge, is an important factor affecting the knowledge synergy. Discusses the co-evolution of knowledge network project in cooperation, use the interpretative structural model to construct collaborative knowledge construction process of analogy model.

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Rožman, Maja, Sonja Treven, and Vesna Čančer. "The impact of promoting intergenerational synergy on the work engagement of older employees in Slovenia." Journal of East European Management Studies 25, no. 1 (2020): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2020-1-9.

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Generational differences present a new aspect of diversity among employees in the workplace. The increasing number of older employees and negative attitudes of younger employees toward them create the need for better understanding between generations and the need to improve mutual cooperation among age-diverse employees in an organisation. The main objective of the paper is to determine the impact of intergenerational synergy on the work engagement of older employees in Slovenia. For this purpose, empirical research was conducted in medium-sized and large companies among employers and older employees in Slovenia. Factor analysis was used to replace a large number of statements with a smaller number of factors - new variables with which we performed a simple linear regression. Based on the results, we confirmed the hypothesis that promoting intergenerational synergy in companies has a statistically significant positive impact on the work engagement of older employees in Slovenia. In this context, companies should take the following measures: eliminate discrimination of older employees, promote intergenerational synergy, and promote intergenerational understanding between young and older employees.

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Ip, W. K. Eddie, Kazue Takahashi, Kathryn J. Moore, Lynda M. Stuart, and R. Alan B. Ezekowitz. "Mannose-binding lectin enhances Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 signaling from the phagosome." Journal of Experimental Medicine 205, no. 1 (January 7, 2008): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20071164.

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Innate immunity is the first-line defense against pathogens and relies on phagocytes, soluble components, and cell-surface and cytosolic pattern recognition receptors. Despite using hard-wired receptors and signaling pathways, the innate immune response demonstrates surprising specificity to different pathogens. We determined how combinatorial use of innate immune defense mechanisms defines the response. We describe a novel cooperation between a soluble component of the innate immune system, the mannose-binding lectin, and Toll-like receptor 2 that both specifies and amplifies the host response to Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this cooperation occurs within the phagosome, emphasizing the importance of engulfment in providing the appropriate cellular environment to facilitate the synergy between these defense pathways.

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Saptono, Edy, Agus Sudarya, and Siswo Pudjiatmoko. "The synergy of human resources management between the regional governments of the Riau Islands Province with elements of defense in facing non military threats." Technium Social Sciences Journal 27 (January 8, 2022): 546–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v27i1.5426.

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Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2002 concerning the National Defense explained that Indonesia's defense was carried out with a universal defense system to deal with every form of military and non-military threats. Geographically, Riau Islands Province is an area directly border to neighboring countries that have potential non-military threats. These non-military threats include illegal activities in the form smuggling of goods, illegal drugs, human trafficking, terrorism and penetration of foreign ideologies as well as cases of actual non-military threats, COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of the research are to analyze the management of human resources and the synergy between local governments and defense elements from the army, navy and air force in the Riau Islands Province as well as analyze the obstacles and the efforts to create in the face of non-military threats. The method of the research is a qualitative method with primary data collecting techniques, interviews, and secondary data in the form of literature studies. The results showed that the local government and elements of defense in the Riau Islands Province in facing non-military threats with ideological, economical, technological and information dimensions, economics, health and safety made programs by managing human resources through the functions of planning, organizing, actuating and controling. While synergy is built in two ways, namely communication through social communication through discussion, dialogue, official letters, mutual cooperation and coordination through communication forums of regional leaders. Constraints faced are geographical conditions, facilities and infrastructure, budget constraints and limited personnel. Efforts to overcome obstacles in creating synergy are increasing the frequency of regional leadership communication forums, optimizing cooperation, transforming defense human resources and increasing joint activities.

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Zhang, Min Li, and Yi Xin Zeng. "Analysis of Real Estate Enterprise Competition and Cooperation Based on the Ecological Niche Perspective." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 3181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.3181.

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Ecological niche, biological community and the quantitative modeling problem are the focus that ecosystem concerned. But synergy, which is produced by orderly competition and effective cooperation hasn’t been fully understood and used. In order to keep sustainable development, the enterprise has to compete and cooperate with different organizations and enterprises. The article aims to optimize the relationship between real estate enterprises and try to find the best position between them. This article was started with overlap value relations, using the principle of ecological niche to discuss the competition between the real estate enterprises.

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Kulinich, Mykola. "Ukraine-Australia: Cooperation Based on Values." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-12.

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The article focuses on areas of Australian-Ukrainian cooperation. The author draws attention to Australia’s support for the territorial integrity of Ukraine as well as continuation of the sanctions regime against the Russian Federation. Australia has completely abandoned its activities on the Crimean peninsula, supported all the Ukrainian international initiatives on human rights protection in Crimea. As for the Donbas, Australia officially recognizes the conflict as a foreign invasion, not a civil war. The article deals with important areas of bilateral relations: restoration of the Australian-Ukrainian parliamentary friendship group in the Australian Parliament; the first-ever visit of the President of the Australian Senate to Ukraine; efforts to upgrade the level of Australian diplomatic representation in Ukraine; opening of the Honorary Consulate of Ukraine in Sydney; cooperation on the MH17 plane crash investigation, both bilateral and international; statement of the Australian Senate on the occasion of the 85th anniversary of the 1932-1933 Holodomor in Ukraine; finally, further expansion of areas of collaboration. Economic cooperation is being developed in the nuclear energy sphere. The establishment of the Australian Space Agency, development of energy cooperation as well as synergy in the Antarctic open new opportunities for Ukraine. The role of the Ukrainian diaspora in promoting the interests of Ukraine in Australia deserves particular attention. The author argues that despite geographical remoteness, Ukraine and Australia do share common values. In days of great global turmoil, this fact acquires particular significance. Keywords: Australia, Ukraine, international cooperation, Australia-Ukraine Parliamentary Friendship Group, Senate, international organizations, bilateral relations.

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