Дисертації з теми "Synchrotron Radiation Infrared Microspectroscopy"
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Birarda, Giovanni. "Development of microfluidic devices for biomedical applications of synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/4475.
Повний текст джерелаABSTRACT DEVELOPMENT OF MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY by Birarda Giovanni The detection and measurement of biological processes in a complex living system is a discipline at the edge of Physics, Biology, and Engineering, with major scientific challenges, new technological applications and a great potential impact on dissection of phenomena occurring at tissue, cell, and sub cellular level. The present PhD Thesis dealt with the development of methodologies and technologies to transform InfraRed MicroSpectroscopy (IRMS) into a mature technique to observe in real time biological events, and improving its ability to perform in vitro bio-experiments under physiological conditions. This goal has been achieved through the exploitation of microfabrication techniques to realize lab-on-chip (LOCs) transparent both in the Infrared and Visible region (IR-Vis), which allows measuring living cells. Up to now, IRMS has been almost exclusively employed for studying fixed cellular samples or tissues, allowing acquiring only “still frames” of the phenomena under investigation. The reason for that is to be ascribed both to the spectroscopic difficulties in working in water based environment and to the manufacturing constrains of the most common IR transparent materials, that limit the design flexibility of LOC devices suitable for IR analysis. We have overcome the so called “water absorption barrier” by extending microfluidic concepts to calcium fluoride, implementing innovative fabrication solutions for the realization of custom devices for IRMS studies of living cells subjected to different chemical and physical stimuli. Exploiting the high brightness of Synchrotron Radiation (SR) IR sources, that allows sampling at diffraction limited spatial resolution, we demonstrated the feasibility of the detection of intra-cellular processes. In parallel, novel strategies for IR data acquisition and analysis have been developed, opening the possibility to execute novel original experiments. Our studies were focused on the immune system, and in particular in evaluating the biochemical rearrangements characterizing human circulating leukocytes during their deformation, either when induced by purely mechanical stimuli or in response to a chemical gradient. Thanks to the microfabrication approach, we were able to mimic the cellular microenvironment both for studying pressure-driven micro-capillary circulation and chemically-driven extravasations of white blood cells. The present Thesis demonstrates that the “synergy of micro-approaches”, or rather the combination of micro-fabrication and IR micro-spectroscopy, can be exploited for extending the frontiers of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to unexplored fields of life sciences. Through the careful control of the cellular microenvironment, crucial for an accurate data analysis as well as fundamental for the reliability of biological conclusions, some light could be shed on phenomena never investigated with IRMS, such as mechano-biology we directly explored, pulling down the water-barrier.
RIASSUNTO SVILUPPO DI DISPOSITIVI MICROFLUIDICI PER APPLICAZIONI BIOMEDICHE DELLA MICROSPETTROSCOPIA INFRAROSSA CON RADIAZIONE DI SINCROTRONE di Birarda Giovanni L’identificazione e la quantificazione di processi biologici in un complesso sistema vivente può essere ritenuta una disciplina al confine tra la Fisica, la Biologia e l’Ingegneria, con importanti sfide scientifiche, innovazioni tecnologiche e un grande impatto sulla dissezione di fenomeni a livello tissutale, cellulare e sub cellulare. Il presente lavoro di Dottorato ha avuto come obiettivo lo sviluppo di metodologie e tecnologie atte a rendere la MicroSpettroscopia InfraRossa (MSIR) una tecnica matura allo studio in tempo reale di fenomeni biologici, permettendo di effettuare esperimenti “in vitro” in condizioni fisiologiche. Questo obiettivo è stato raggiunto tramite l’utilizzo delle tecniche di microfabbricazione per la realizzazione di un “Lab-on-Chip” (LOC) trasparente sia nella regione dell’infrarosso che nel visibile, tramite il quale misurare cellule vive. Infatti fin’ora la MISR è stata impiegata quasi esclusivamente per lo studio di campioni di tessuti o di cellule fissati, permettendo di registrare solo “singoli fotogrammi” dei fenomeni sotto indagine. La ragione di questa limitazione è da imputarsi alle difficoltà spettroscopiche che si incotrano nell’investigazione di sistemi acquosi e ai limiti di fabbricazione dei più comuni materiali IR trasparenti, che hanno limitato la flessibilità di design necessaria alla realizzazione di LOC adatti alle analisi tramite MSIR. Siamo riusciti a superare la cosiddetta “barriera di assorbimento dell’acqua” tramite l’estensione dei concetti della microfluidica e dellamicrofabbricazione al calcio fluoruro, implementando soluzioni fabbricative che hanno permesso lo studio tramite MSIR di cellule viventi sottoposte a differenti stimoli sia di natura chimica che fisica. Grazie all’alta brillanza della Radiazione di Sinctrotrone (SR) IR, che permette il campionamento con una risoluzione spaziale al limte di diffrazione, abbiamo dimostrato la fattibilità dell’individuazione dei processi intra celluari. Contemporaneamente sono state sviluppate nuove strategie per l’acquisizione dei dati e per la loro analisi, permettendo il design di esperimenti innovativi. I nostri studi si sono concentrati sullo studio del sistema immunitario, in particolare nella valutazione della risposta biochimica caraterristica dei leucociti circolanti durante la loro deformazione, sia indotta da cause di tipo puramente meccanico, sia in risposta a gradienti chimici. Grazie alla microfabbricazione, siamo stati capaci di simulare il microambiente cellulare sia per lo studio dei globuli bianchi durante la circolazione microcapillare sia durante l’extravasazione indotta da gradienti chimici. La presente Tesi dimostra che la sinergia dei “micro” approcci, o piuttosto la combinazione di microfabbricazione e microspettroscopia IR, può essere usata per estendere le frontiere della MSIR a nuovi campi nello studio delle scienze della vita. Attraverso il preciso controllo del microambiente cellulare, cruciale per un’accurata analisi dei dati e fondamentale per l’attendibilità delle conclusioni biologiche, si possono chiarire fenomeni finora mai investigati tramite MSIR, come la meccano-biologia che abbiamo esplorato direttamente, abbattendo la barriera dell’acqua.
XXIII Ciclo
1981
Dokken, Kenneth M. "Infrared microspectroscopy of plants : use of synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy to study plant root anatomy and to monitor the fate of organic contaminants in those roots." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/164.
Повний текст джерелаPearson, Martin. "Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324753.
Повний текст джерелаPeng, Chengyuan. "Diagnosis of Steatosis, Precancerous Lesions and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Infrared Microspectroscopy." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T032.
Повний текст джерелаHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common neoplasm and the second most common cause of death in the world. Hepatocarcinogenesis is a multistep process characterized in patients with chronic liver diseases by a spectrum of hepatic nodules that mark the progression from regenerative nodules to dysplastic lesions followed by HCC. Liver transplantation remains the curative therapeutic option able to treat both the HCC and the underlying liver disease. The issue is that there is no objective and quantifiable marker for quality control of liver graft. Specific biomarkers of early stages of HCC are also an unmet need.In this study, we have evaluated the potential of infrared (IR) microspectroscopy for the diagnosis of steatosis, one of the most important factors affecting the liver allograft function. Vibrational microspectroscopy, such as Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR), allows detecting spectral characteristics associated with different molecular components present in the biological sample, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Our first working hypothesis was that the progression of liver steatosis corresponds not only to the accumulation of lipids but also to dramatic changes in the qualitative composition of tissue. Indeed, a lower grade of steatosis showed a decrease in glycogen content and concomitant increase in lipids in comparison with normal liver. Intermediate steatosis exhibited an increase in glycogen and major changes in lipids, with a significant contribution of esterified fatty acids with elongated carbon chains and unsaturated lipids, and these features were more pronounced in a high grade of steatosis. Furthermore, we have shown, that FTIR approach allows a systemic discrimination of morphological features, leading to a separate investigation of steatotic vesicles and the non-steatotic counterpart of the tissue. This highlighted the fact that dramatic biochemical changes occur in the non-steatotic part of the tissue also despite its normal histological aspect, suggesting that the whole tissue reflects the grade of steatosis. The second part of the thesis focused on hepatocarcinogenesis; a multistep process that is characterized in most cirrhotic livers by the progression from hyperplastic regenerative nodules to low grade dysplastic nodules (LGDN), high grade dysplastic nodules (HGDN) and finally small HCC which corresponds either to vaguely nodular well differentiated HCC so called early HCC or to distinctly nodular moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. Since the differential diagnosis between precancerous dysplastic nodules and early HCC remains extremely difficult, we addressed the potential of FTIR microspectroscopy for grading cirrhotic nodules. The study was focused on 39 surgical specimens including normal livers as controls, dysplastic nodules, early HCC and the progressed HCC. Profound alterations of the biochemical composition of the pathological liver were demonstrated by FTIR microspectroscopy. Indeed, dramatic changes were observed in lipids, proteins and sugars highlighting the metabolic reprogramming in carcinogenesis. The major changes were observed in the frequency domain 950-1480 cm-1 in which several bands allowed significant discrimination of cirrhotic nodules, dysplastic lesions and HCC. Finally, a significant discrimination between benign, dysplastic nodules and early HCC remained possible using a FTIR microscope equipped with a laboratory-based infrared source that can be easily implemented in hospital environment. In conclusion, our study positions FTIR microspectroscopy as a versatile and powerful approach for investigating liver diseases, such as steatosis, dysplastic lesions and cancer. Further studies on larger series of patients as well as on biopsies will allow confirming the clinical reliability of such spectral signatures. Therefore, we anticipate that FTIR microspectroscopy will open new avenue in clinical diagnosis
Srichan, Sirinart. "Synchrotron Based Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy : Application on Photodynamic Treated Cancer Cells." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077181.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we studied the photodynamic effects of Hypocrellin A on four cancer cell lines using fluorescence microscopy, cytotoxicity tests and FT-IR microspectroscopy. As HA is a natural fluorescent substance, we used this intrinsic property to observe its localization in HeLa cells by fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence images revealed that HA did not penetrated into the nucleus but localized in the cytoplasm and aggregated perinuclearly after 24 hours of incubation. MTT viability assay was performed to evaluate the optimum PDT conditions (HA and light dose) which induced cell death in the four cell lines HeLa, Calu-1, K562, K562 RSTI571. The dark toxicity of HA on ail cell lines is low, but is increasing dose-dependently. The phototoxicity of HA on all cell lines was increasing in both HA dose and light dose dependent manner. The light irradiation alone affected only negligibly the cell survival. HeLa cells are sensitive to HA PDT than Calu-1 cells. We found also that K562 and K562 RSTI are sensitive to HA. Moreover the synergetic effect of HA and Glivec® on K562 RSTI was observed. FT-IR microspectroscopy detected the changes in the secondary structure of proteins exhibiting an increase of beta sheets characteristics frequency affected by ROS generated from PDT. , with a predominant shoulder at around 1630 cm"1 (for the Amide I band) and 1530 cm"1 (for the Amide II band). Moreover, a slight decrease of the lipid intensity was noticed. Coupling fluorescence microscopy and FT-IR microscopy was carried out on the same instrument. Fluorescence microscopy could reveal the modes of cell death while FT-IR microspectroscopy showed effect of HA PDT on the secondary structure of proteins. All approaches carried out in this thesis revealed that even HA did not penetrate in the nucleus but there are changes in secondary structure of proteins in nucleus which can be observed by FT-IR spectromicroscopy
Bonwell, Emily Susanne. "Determination of endosperm protein secondary structure in hard wheat breeding lines using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy and revelation of secondary structural changes in protein films with thermal processing." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/593.
Повний текст джерелаKoc, Hicran. "Infrared chemical imaging of germinated wheat : early nondestructive detection and microspectroscopic imaging of kernel thin cross sections in Situ." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/512.
Повний текст джерелаGarip, Sebnem. "Investigation Of Drug-related Changes On Bone Tissues Of Rat Animal Models In Healthy And Disease States." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614998/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерела25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase. In the second study, the possible pleiotropic (positive) effects of cholesterol lowering drug
Simvastatin on bones were investigated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The current study provides the first report on dose-dependent effects of simvastatin on protein structure and lipid conformation of bones. ATR-FTIR studies showed that although both high and low dose simvastatin strengthen bones, low dose simvastatin treatment is much more effective in increasing bone strength. Neural network analysis revealed an increased antiparallel and aggregated beta sheet and random coil in the protein secondary structure of high dose group implying a protein denaturation. Moreover, high dose may induce lipid peroxidation which limit the pleiotropic effects of high dose treatment on bones. This study clearly demonstrated that using low dose simvastatin is safer and more effective for bone health than high dose simvastatin treatment.
Partouche, David. "Analyse de l’assemblage de peptides amyloïdes bactériens." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX084/document.
Повний текст джерелаHfq is a pleiotropic bacterial protein that determines several phenotypic characteristics. Its main function is to facilitate responses to stresses that bacteria may encounter during environmental changes, mainly by using post-transcriptional genetic control. The protein, by its capacity to interact with RNA, in particular small non-coding RNA, enables a rapid regulation of gene expression. In addition, the protein also interacts with DNA and compacts it. From a structural point of view, the protein adopts an Sm-like fold, characterized by a toroidal oligomer formed by a continuous 30-stranded β-sheet. Besides its conserved N-terminal Sm domain, Hfq also possesses a C-terminal region (CTR) that can vary in size and sequence between bacteria. My PhD work focused on the analysis of this CTR region in Escherichia coli bacteria. Indeed, this region has the capacity to form an amyloid structure. This structural dynamic is related to the formation of self-assembled structures in vivo, in the proximity of the inner membrane and in the nucleoid.Using various physicochemical techniques (molecular microscopy, spectroscopy and infrared microscopy, circular dichroism and small angle X-ray scattering), my work consisted in characterizing the assembly of this region of Hfq, as well as the factors influencing its assembly (in particular, the presence of nucleic acids). A part of my work consisted in setting up an innovative correlative–imaging method to analyze the chemical and morphological signature of a single amyloid fibre. Finally, my work focused on the analysis of the effect of compounds that inhibit the aggregation of the amyloid structure, which could constitute a new way to develop a novel class of antibiotics
Anantharajah, Anusanth. "Spectroscopie infrarouge lointain et moyen à haute résolution par transformée de Fourier de molécules complexes d’intérêt atmosphérique : ClNO₂, Cl₂CO et ClONO₂." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2020. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/ANANTHARAJAH_Anusanth_va2.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMeasuring concentrations of trace species that may have a significant impact on health, climate or the stability of the ozone layer, is a serious challenge. Future space missions, planned at high sensitivity, will bring progress if and only if the necessary spectral parameters are available. For some species of atmospheric interest such as nitryl chloride (ClNO₂), phosgene (Cl₂CO) and chlorine nitrate (ClONO₂), spectroscopic data are incomplete or almost non-existent. The challenge in this thesis is to get spectroscopic parameters (line positions and intensities or absorption cross sections) for these species in support of atmospheric applications. However, apart from Cl₂CO, spectroscopy of ClNO₂ and ClONO₂ is made difficult by their very complicated chemical synthesis, their reactivity with metals and organic materials, and their instability in the presence of light and heat. Moreover, these molecules are quite heavy (presence of chlorine with its two isotopomers) and exhibit dense spectra that are quite complicated by numerous perturbations affecting vibration-rotation levels.In the case of ClNO₂, spectra were recorded in the range 300 – 900 cm-1 with much improved experimental conditions (high resolution, low temperature, long path, low pressure) using the synchrotron radiation of the AILES beamline at SOLEIL. Precise modelling of the 370 and 790 cm-1 regions has been performed. These regions could be used for a future atmospheric remote sensing by FTIR spectroscopy respectively by FORUM and IASI-NG instruments. The low energy vibrations of ClONO₂ that have been never observed at high resolution before this work were also measured. A first modelling of the torsional region around 120 cm-1 is presented in this thesis. The analysis of these vibrations will be useful for the modelling of hot bands in the atmospheric windows where ClONO₂ is currently detected, and in fine will lead to a much more precise retrieval of the ClONO₂ concentration profile. Regarding Cl₂CO, cross sections have been measured at LISA, on one hand, at room temperature to compare data with previous works and, on the other, in stratospheric conditions to support satellite remote sensing applications
Rak, Margaret. "Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy of biological tissues: brain tissue from TgCRND8 Alzheimer’s disease mice and developing scar tissue in rats." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/323.
Повний текст джерелаMay 2007
"ADVANCES IN IN-SITU SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-10-1257.
Повний текст джерелаWiens, Richard. "Evaluation of the effects of L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate or Quercetin on developing scar tissue in rats using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/21663.
Повний текст джерелаSchmidt, Martin [Verfasser]. "Exploring synthetic and biological polymer composites with polarization modulated mid infrared synchrotron radiation / vorgelegt von Martin Schmidt." 2007. http://d-nb.info/986371459/34.
Повний текст джерелаLu, I.-Te, and 陸意德. "Synchrotron Radiation Infrared Ray Analysis of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Living Cells Upon Exposure to Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Nanomaterials." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08141798883072597819.
Повний текст джерела國立交通大學
加速器光源科技與應用碩士學位學程
100
Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have recently become important in biomedical applications; however, influences of these MNPs to cells are still not very clear. Bare Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs should be noticed because any surface modification may be removed from them when they enter into cells or in cells. In this work, in order to avoid too much surface residues from the precursors, coprecipitation method is adopted to synthesize bare Fe3O4 MNPs, while Stober process is performed to synthesize bare Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs. The characterization of MNPs is indentified by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Magnetometer (SQUID). These results show that as-prepared Fe3O4 MNPs primarily contains crystalline Fe3O4 phase, while the deposited SiO2 on Fe3O4 MNPs is amorphous. A549 lung cancer cells are used as model cells for MNPs treatment, and the cell viability is measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results show that mitochondrial reductase activity in cells is reduced by treating Fe3O4 MNPs and Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs to A549 cells for 36 hr. Instead of traditional biochemical methods, synchrotron radiation infrared-ray (SRIR) spectra and synchrotron radiation infrared-ray microscopy (SRIRM) with high spatial resolution 10μm are carried out to measure the change of chemical components and chemical composition distribution in cells. These results exhibit that DNA structures in cells are indirectly affected by Fe3O4 MNPs and Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs, and the concentration of DNA becomes less with MNPs concentration and treatment time while no protein and lipid changes are observed, but the lipid/protein ratio is MNPs-concentration-dependent and treatment-time-dependent and it is observed that the amount of lipids is relatively larger at far-nucleus regions while that of proteins is relative larger at and around the nucleus region.
GIACCO, DANIELA. "Design of Li-O2 cells and study of the electrodes reactivity by means of a multi-technique approach." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1209688.
Повний текст джерелаAbraham, José Amado. "Estudio de los mecanismos de cristalización y maduración de fosfatos de calcio en medio biológico usando radiación de sincrotrón /." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/150.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabajo ha tenido como propósito ofrecer resultados concluyentes y proponer nuevos puntos de referencia en el tema de la cristalización de fosfatos de calcio en un entorno biológico, específicamente, la formación de cálculo dental. Si bien ésta afección no es una enfermedad, de igual manera ha tomado la atención de científicos de diversas áreas, como la medicina, la biología y la química. A la pregunta de '¿por qué sería importante estudiar el fenómeno de cristalización en fosfatos biológicos?' habría tres respuestas. La primera, ayudaría a entender el fenómeno de formación de depósitos pétreos en la boca que si bien no implica gran molestia o dolor, es comprobado que es disparador de severas enfermedades bucales crónicas como la periodontitis, además, claves en el estudio de formación también podría ser aplicable a otros depósitos pétreos como cálculos renales que en la mayoría de los casos requiere intervención quirúrgica. La segunda, podría revelar aspectos fundamentales en la formación de tejido óseo que serían de utilidad en la terapia de rehabilitación o en la recalcificación de fracturas óseas y más aun la enfermedad frecuente de personas mayores, la osteoporosis. La tercera, entender la fisicoquímica del proceso ofrecería un gran aporte para la fabricación de mejores prótesis óseas y dentales con un muy bajo nivel de rechazo por el organismo.
José Amado Abraham.