Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Swiss Romansh.
Статті в журналах з теми "Swiss Romansh"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 статей у журналах для дослідження на тему "Swiss Romansh".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте статті в журналах для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
1
Davidson, Keith. "Swiss ‘cool’." English Today 24, no. 3 (September 2008): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607840800028x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTThe cachet of English in the Swiss press. Plurlingual Switzerland has three ‘official’ languages, standard forms of German, French, Italian, and a further ‘national’ language, the ancient Latin dialects of Romansh spoken in the eastern Alpine valleys by less than one per cent of the population. But there are problems for the Swiss in learning each other's languages. And, as in other as in other European countries, there is an increasing range of other mother tongues. Little wonder, then, that the Swiss readily resort to English in talking to each other, and little wonder at a marked role for English in the Swiss media.
2
Samo, Giuseppe. "Cartography and Microparametric variation: Criterial V2 in Swiss Romansh varieties." Revista Linguíʃtica 15, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31513/linguistica.2019.v15n3a27546.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, I shall provide evidence for a theory of microparametric variation among Swiss Romansh varieties adopting a cartographic notion of parameter in terms of syntactic operations triggered by morphosyntactic features in functional projections. I shall discuss evidence showing how such a notion of parameter is extremely powerful in describing linguistic variability at a microlevel of the syntactic architectures. Adopting the guidelines of a Criterial V2, in which the inflected verb creates a Spec-Head configuration with the highest activated criterial head in the syntactic architecture, I shall observe microparametric variation within Swiss Romansh and with respect to other V2 languages, such as German. The language variability only relies on the interactions of basic factors, such as the presence of a functional projection and the syntactic operations triggered by the functional element. In the specific, it is possible to observe German and SR varieties vary in the activation of syntactic instructions in discourse related functional projections such as SubjP, ModP and ForceP. The role of morphosyntactic features thus describes in microparametric terms the richness of configurations predicted by cartographic guidelines and provide fine-grained typologies of set of languages.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CARTOGRAFIA E VARIAÇÃO MICROPARAMÉTRICA: V2 CRITERIAL EM VARIEDADES DO ROMANCHE SUÍÇONeste artigo, fornecerei evidências de uma teoria da variação microparamétrica entre as variedades do romanche suíço adotando uma noção cartográfica de parâmetro em termos de operações sintáticas desencadeadas por traços morfossintáticos em projeções funcionais. Discutirei evidências que mostram como essa noção de parâmetro é extremamente poderosa na descrição da variabilidade linguística em um nível micro das arquiteturas sintáticas. Adotando as diretrizes de um V2 criterial, no qual o verbo flexionado cria uma configuração Spec-Head com o núcleo criterial ativado mais alto na arquitetura sintática, observarei a variação microparamétrica no interior do romanche suíço em comparação com outras línguas V2, como o alemão. A variabilidade das línguas depende apenas das interações de fatores básicos, como a presença de uma projeção funcional e as operações sintáticas desencadeadas pelo elemento funcional. Especificamente, é possível observar que as variedades alemã e SR variam na ativação de instruções sintáticas em projeções funcionais relacionadas ao discurso, como SubjP, ModP e ForceP. O papel dos traços morfossintáticos descreve, assim, em termos microparamétricos, a riqueza de configurações previstas pela abordagem cartográfica e fornece tipologias refinadas de conjuntos de línguas.
3
Kużelewska, Elżbieta. "Language Policy in Switzerland." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 45, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slgr-2016-0020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Switzerland is often referred to as a success story for handling its linguistic and cultural diversity. Traditionally four languages have been spoken in relatively homogeneous territories: German, French, Italian and Rhaeto- Romanic (Romansh). The first three have been national languages since the foundation of the Confederation in 1848; the fourth became a national language in 1938. In effect, The Law on Languages, in effect since 2010, has regulated the use and promotion of languages and enhanced the status of Romansh as one of the official languages since 2010. While Swiss language policy is determined at the federal level, it is in the actual practice a matter for cantonal implementation. Article 70 of the Swiss Federal Constitution, titled “Languages”, enshrines the principle of multilingualism. A recent project to create legislation to implement multilingualism across the cantons, however, has failed. Thus Switzerland remains de jure quadrilingual, but de facto bilingual at best, with only a handful of cantons recognizing more than one official language (Newman, 2006: 2). Cantonal borders are not based on language: the French-German language border runs across cantons during most of its course from north to south, and such is also the case for Italian.
4
Reineke, Detlef. "Terminologiedatenaustausch mit TERMDAT – Passgenaue Schnittstellen für die Terminologiedatenbank der Schweizerischen Bundeskanzlei." Lebende Sprachen 64, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2019-0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The terminology database TERMDAT is at the very heart of the Terminology Section of the Swiss Federal Chancellery’s Central Language Services. It provides Swiss legal and administrative terminology predominantly for the four national languages German, French, Italian, and Romansh (plus English). However, data exchange with cooperating actors (Federal Departments, cantons, external service providers, etc.) constitutes a particular challenge, since these actors operate with different systems and data models. The present article describes a solution developed within a pilot project aiming at providing means to substantially improve data flow within a highly heterogeneous database landscape.
5
Abdiyeva, Gulnara, Almagul Maimakova, Feruza Yerzhanova, Alla Tsoy, and Lyaila Togzhanova. "About lexical-semantic aspects." XLinguae 15, no. 4 (October 2022): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.04.06.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to deepen and describe the functioning of the inhomogeneous French language in the French-speaking cantons of Switzerland using specific lexical material. The analysis of intra and extralinguistic influences and their reflection in the Franco-Swiss literary version of the language is important for contact linguistics, and its relevance is due to the lack of depth of analysis of this issue. The analyst is particularly interested in the fact that in Switzerland, the French language exists within the legal framework of official multilingualism, in active interaction with three other equal national languages of the Confederation: German, Italian and Romansh. At the same time, the deviations of the French-Swiss national variant from the general French linguistic norm manifest themselves mainly at the lexical and semantic level. The object of the study is the French language in the Swiss Confederation, its lexical, semantic and stylistic characteristics.
6
Büchler, Andrin, and Adrian Leeman. "Phonetic stability across time: Linguistic enclaves in Switzerland." Linguistik Online 116, no. 4 (September 11, 2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.116.8887.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present paper shows results of a proof-of-concept study on two historically related but geographically separated dialects of Swiss German. Between the 12th and 14th centuries, speakers of Valais German (southwestern Switzerland) emigrated to the southeastern part of the country, forming so-called Sprachinseln (enclaves) of Valais German in a Romansh-speaking area. Using an online survey, we collected responses from 300+ participants from the cantons of Valais and Grisons to examine how the two dialects have developed over time. Results suggest stability on the phonetic level, i. e. the two dialects still sound very similar despite having been geographically separated for 800 years. The morphosyntax and lexicon, however, exhibit substantial change. We discuss historic and sociodemographic factors that may explain these patterns.
7
Pycha, Roger, Maurizio Pompili, Marco Innamorati, Josef Schwitzer, David Lester, Gabriele Sani, Roberto Tatarelli, and Giancarlo Giupponi. "Sex and ethnic differences among South Tirolean suicides: A psychological autopsy study." European Psychiatry 24, no. 1 (2009): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.08.005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the research is to study whether any differences exist in the rates and characteristics of suicide by ethnicity and sex in South Tirol, Italy.MethodsPsychological autopsy interviews were conducted for suicides who died between March 1997 and July 2006.Results332 individuals belonging to the three major South Tirolean ethnic groups (Germans, Italians, Ladins [Ladin is a Rhaeto-Romance language related to the Venetian and Swiss Romansh languages]) died by suicide. Around 23% of the victims had experienced suicidal behaviour among family members, and more than 31% of them had experienced trauma during their childhood. Germans were 1.37 times more at risk to commit suicide than Italians (95% CI: 1.04/1.80; z = 2.26, p < .05). 69% of the suicides had attended school for less than 8 years: Germans (OR = 4.62; 95% CI: 2.52/8.47; p < .001) and Ladins (OR = 11.24; 95% CI: 2.99/42.30; p < .001) were more likely to have lower education than Italians. There were several differences by ethnicity and sex but no sex-by-ethnicity interactions.ConclusionsThe study indicated that suicide, an alarming health and social problem in South Tirol, may require different preventive interventions for men and women and for those of different ethnicities.
8
Warren, Richard. "Charles Gleyre's ‘Les Romains’: Classics and nationalism in Swiss art." Nations and Nationalism 22, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 248–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nana.12149.
Повний текст джерела
9
Gyimóthy, Szilvia. "Transformations in destination texture: Curry and Bollywood romance in the Swiss Alps." Tourist Studies 18, no. 3 (May 10, 2018): 292–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797618771692.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article takes heterogeographical approaches to understand Bollywood-induced destination transformations in Switzerland. Positioned within the theoretical field of mediatized mobility, the study contextualizes Bollywood-induced tourism in Europe the concept of texture. Textural analysis (based on Lefebvre’s trialectics of space) combines the analysis of material performances and communicative representations converging in the production/consumption of tourism spaces. The article contributes threefold. First, it reviews the phenomenon of nonwestern popular cultural tourism through the theoretical lens of mediatized mobility. Second, the article offers methodological reflections on textural analysis and strategies to capture the entanglements of popular cultural representations and performances simultaneously. Third, through an analytical deconstruction of Bollywood’s imaginaries and disruptive new tourism practices in Switzerland, it discusses the placemaking potentials and challenges of concurrent narratives in cosmopolitan tourism destinations.
10
Steinmann, Philippe. "L'apport de l'AR-WSL aux bureaux d'ingénieurs forestiers de Suisse romande | The Contribution of AR-WSL to the Private Forestry Offices of French Speaking Switzerland." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0230.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
WSL and its branch station Antenne romande frequently reveal the latest news and developments in the field of Swiss forestry. The new concept of AR-WSL and its reinforcement with additional academic personnel represent a new challenge to private forest engineering offices in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. There, the future of forestry depends on its interdisciplinary cooperation with other institutions which are active in landscape management.
11
Lanthemann, E., M. Berger, and W. Raffoul. "Swiss Romande burn center: A model of multidisciplinary team work and network organization." Burns 35 (September 2009): S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2009.06.040.
Повний текст джерела
12
Delorme Benites, Alice. "Peut-on traduire l'identité ? De la différence entre textes traduits et textes originaux en Suisse romande." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 74 (January 1, 2021): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2021.2923.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a multilingual country, Switzerland heavily relies on translation for countrywide public communication, for companies as well as for governmental institutions. All, but especially the latter, face the challenge of providing all citizens with the same information, regardless of the language they speak. This study investigates a possible influence of German, the main language in major companies and institutions in Switzerland, on Swiss-French at the discourse level. This influence, resulting from a disproportional number of French texts being translations from German, is evidenced by major differences concerning the topics they address. Evidence is found by investigating a large text corpus, Swiss-AL: keywords and toponyms contained in translated vs. original texts show differences in the weight of the various levels of political administration and in the associations made with specific places in Switzerland. These differences go beyond the expected co ntrast between nation-wide and local texts. This research has been conducted with texts mostly written before the explosion of neuronal machine translation, which arises the question of whether the newest improvement and instant availability of automatic translation might increase exponentially this influence.
13
G. Ionescu, Lavinel. "COSTIN D. NENITZESCU (1902 -1970) 100th ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH." SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 10, no. 11 (December 20, 2002): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.v10.n11.2002.4_2002.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Costin D. Nenitzescu was born in Bucharest in 1902 and passed away in Busteni, Romania in 1970. He obtained primary and secondary education in Romania and began university studies at the Swiss Federal Polytechnic Institute in Zurich. Later, he moved to the Technische Hochschule in Munchen (Munich) where he worked with Hans Fischer and obtained the Doctor of Engineering Degree in 1925. During the same year, he returned to Romania where he spent the rest of his life working, first at the University of Bucharest (1925-1935) and then at the Polytechnic Institute (1935-1970). Costin D. Nenitzescu is considered the founder of the School of Modern Organic Chemistry in Romania. He has published approximately 300 (three hundred) scientific articles, twenty books and treatises dealing mainly with organic chemistry, and authored about forty patents. Several organic reactions bear his name. Costin D. Nenitzescu s work includes the chemistry of indole and pyrrole, Romanian petroleum, nitro derivatives, reactions catalyzed by aluminum chloride, pyrytium salts, aromatic alkylation, cyclobutadiene, cyclooctatetraene, annulenes, carbonium ion reactions, eliminations, oxidations, and additions.
14
Jeanmonod, Gilles. "Mutation du concept de dégénérescence en Suisse romande 1870-1920." Gesnerus 55, no. 1-2 (November 27, 1998): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0550102006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Between 1870 and 1920 the concept of degeneration changed radically. Away from an organization principle of mental diseases, degeneration became progressively a disease entity capable of affecting the human species as a whole. In the French-speaking part of Switzerland, fear of a "degeneration of the race" reached considerable dimensions in the years around 1910. The study of the introduction and then diffusion of the degeneration concept reveals clearly the social commitment of the medical profession. Although the French-speaking Swiss psychiatrists showed no tendency to give clinical value to this concept, they are, howewer, at the origin, through this social discourse, of the success that the idea of degeneration had. Hygienist, antialcoholic and political environments took over the job to perpetuate this discourse and finally managed to empty the concept of degeneration of its substance.
15
Barbezat, Vincent. "Analyse semi-automatisée de photos aériennes numérisées pour l'étude de la dynamique de peuplements arborescents | Semi-Automatised Analysis of Digitised Aerial Photographs for the Study of Arborescent Population Dynamics." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0238.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At the present time, landscape inventories, the third National Forest Inventory (NFI), permanent research plots in the forests,cantonal inventories, regional forest planning, the redefinition of useful farm land, a new inventory of standard tree orchards but also the protection of peat bog and alluvial areas are daily business. Therefore, the development of a software for automated aerial photograph analysis is of greatest interest to the Swiss Confederation and its cantons as well as to forest owners, research institutes and certain industries (private engineering enterprises, software producers). In answer to these expectations, the Antenne Romande WSL, together with the Institute of Production in Microengineering of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne(EPFL), proposes to develop a software for user-friendly, neutral and rapid image-processing, the working precision of which will suit forest and landscape managers. Moreover, the software will provide scientists with basic data for the modelling of various ecosystem processes.
16
Boraschi, Chiara. "Maternité et travail sous l’œil de la Télévision suisse romande des années 1970 : émergence d’un regard critique." Didactica Historica 8, no. 1 (2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33055/didacticahistorica.2022.008.01.71.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During the 1970s, the Swiss francophone television produced several in-depth programmes on the subject of women’s work. Echoing parallel political initiatives, these programmes adopted a critical stance and presented the subject as a matter of public interest. Among the testimonies used, those of single mothers highlight the daily difficulties faced by women who have to work, in a labour market that remains marked by obvious disparities and significant gaps in terms of social protection.
17
Draganovici, Mihai. "ZUR ÜBERSETZUNG JOHANNA SPYRIS KINDERROMANS „HEIDI“ INS RUMÄNISCHE." Годишник на Шуменския университет. Факултет по Хуманитарни науки XXXIIIA, no. 1 (November 10, 2022): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/hxei4006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The children's novel "Heidi" by the Swiss author Johanna Spyri is one of the most famous works of children's literature worldwide. Accordingly, it has been published in Romania in numerous translations, especially after 2008. What is also special about these translations is the fact that most of them were not translated from German but from English. The present article sets out to analyse some relevant aspects of translation, based on the theoretical considerations of relevant theorists in the field of translation of children's literature.
18
Klauck, H.-J. "Religion without fear. Plutarch on superstition and Early Christian Literature." Verbum et Ecclesia 18, no. 1 (July 19, 1997): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v18i1.1128.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After some introductory remarks on the role of fear in religious discourse. Plutarch’s treatise On Superstition is analysed according to its rhetorical outline. Questions of authenticity are discussed and answered by locating the essay in Plutarch’s early career. Then we ask for the place of “fear of God” in biblical teaching and theology, compare it to Plutarch and show some limits in Plutarch’s youthful thinking, which doesn't yet pay due respect to the life values of myth. We conclude with two New Testament passages, Romans 8:15, masterfully interpreted by Martin Luther, and 1 John 4:17f excellently explained by 20th century’s Swiss theologian and psychologian Oskar Pfister, and we show that these texts are propagating “belief without fear”.
19
Pescarini, Diego. "A Quantitative Approach to Microvariation: Negative Marking in Central Romance." Languages 7, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7020087.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work presents an exploratory data analysis of the syntactic distribution of pre- and postverbal negation (N1 and N2) in a corpus of data gathered from two linguistic atlases, the Linguistic Atlas of France (ALF) and the Italo-Swiss Atlas (AIS). Metadata concerning the distribution of N1 and N2 across dialects and syntactic contexts are analyzed with the r package Rbrul. Multiple logistic regression allows us to assess how independent variables affect the presence/absence of N1/N2. Geographical and grammatical factors are examined; the latter concern mainly clause typing and negative concord, i.e., the co-occurrence of clausal negation and a negative word. The data from the two atlases are first analyzed separately and eventually merged in order to strengthen the statistical significance. Both geographical and grammatical factors prove to be significant. In particular, the preliminary findings show that N1 is more likely retained in sentences containing another negative word, the incidence of N1 varies according to the type of co-occurring negative word, and veridicality has a mild effect on N2 but not N1.
20
Sleigh, Charlotte. "Tiny Brains, Big Psychologies: How Ants Changed Our Understanding of the Mind." History & Philosophy of Psychology 14, no. 2 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpshpp.2012.14.2.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
InMental Evolution in Animals(1883), George Romanes wrestled with the relationship between brain size and intelligence. He could not quite bring himself to say that a creature with a brain so tiny as the ant’s was truly complex in its psychology. However, Romanes was radically out of step with the psychological developments that were shortly to follow, starting in continental Europe and spreading to the US. Beginning with the Swiss psychiatrist Auguste Forel, theorists began to dissociate ants’ psychology from their (limited) physical brains. As in the nineteenth century, the family Formicidae continued to provide one of psychology’s greatest riddles, but ants’ minds now became dispersed across the colony, rather than residing in the individual brain. This paper explores how that physical unseating of the mind interplayed with human concerns of the twentieth century, and with the differing ontologies of human psychology associated with them.
21
Weiss, Sabine, Marcus Syring, Manuela Keller-Schneider, Meeri Hellstén, and Ewald Kiel. "Career choice motives of early childhood educators: A cross-country comparison of four European countries." Research in Comparative and International Education 13, no. 4 (October 19, 2018): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499918807035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study compares career choice motives of future early childhood educators studying for a tertiary qualification. Suitable analyses of this kind are still missing. Diverging training systems, traditions and professional images in the different countries are related to certain motives. These motives are categorised according to a theory that is used as a theoretical framework. The study takes into account 468 student teachers from Germany, Sweden, Switzerland and Romania and is methodologically based on variance analyses. Overall, intrinsic motives were found to be of greater significance. This applies equally to all countries. Furthermore, addressee-related motives are more pronounced among Swiss and German prospective early childhood educators than among those from Sweden or Romania. On the contrary, extrinsic motives have a stronger presence among Romanian student teachers. Income and prestige, as the only exceptions, are important for students from Sweden and Switzerland. The results are discussed referring to country-specific working conditions and the current status of professionalisation processes existing in problem areas.
22
Combe, Jean. "Relations entre la recherche et la pratique. L'Antenne romande du WSL sur les voies de l'innovation | Correlations Between Research and Practice – The Antenne Romande WSL and its Innovative Concept." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0232.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The first decade of the Antenne romande WSL between 1990 and 2000 is presented under the institutional point of view and the research and extension activities are commented. Far beyond the concepts which were aimed at at the time of its foundation, this new structure had to adapt itself to a continuously changing context, despite the scarce means. Some of its results actually show an innovative character, which is mainly due to the quality of the human relations established and to the enthusiasm brought along by all the research partners involved. The AR-WSL took advantage of synergies reaching beyond the field of forestry. In order to transmit innovative impulses to Swiss forestry through research and practice, it could be of interest to involve non-forest scientists in the management of renewable natural resources. Taking action from its location at the EPF Lausanne, the Antenne romande has decided to implement this solution.
23
Baur, Arthur. "Das gleichgewicht der sprachen in der Schweiz." Language Problems and Language Planning 19, no. 2 (January 1, 1995): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.19.2.05bau.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARY The Equilibrium of Languages in Switzerland The peace between the different language groups of Switzerland is essentially based on the fact that the majority does not derive advantage of its preponderance. Sometimes it even concedes privileges to the smaller groups, most evidently in the allocation of the budgets for radio and television and in the subsidies for the cultivation of Rhaeto-Romansch and Italian. It is a benefit that the borderlines between the different language units are rather well defined. There are only two bilingual towns, Bienne and Fribourg, and the emergence of linguistic enclaves is prevented. Only in the Grisons is there a strong infiltration of Swiss-German speaking people in traditional Romansch territories. The last census (1990) which did not reveal appreciable changes in the proportion of the major languages, showed a considerable deterioration in the situation of Romansch, a symptom that afflicts the fellow-citizens in other regions very much. RESUMO La ekvilibro de la lingvoj en Svislando La paco inter la diversaj lingvaj grupoj en Svislando cefe bazigas sur la fakto, ke la plimulto rezignas profiti de sia superpezo. Kelkfoje gi ec privilegias la pli malgrandajn grupojn; tio plej frape evidentigas en la distribuo de la bugeto por radio kaj televido profite al la pli malgrandaj lingvoj kaj en la federaciaj subvencioj por la kulturado de la romanĉa kaj itala lingvoj. Estas avantago, ke la limoj inter la lingvaj unuoj estas sufice klaraj. Nur du dulingvaj urboj ekzistas: Biel/Bienne kaj Freiburg/Fribourg. Nur en Grizono infiltras svisgermane parolantaj personoj en tradicie romancajn regionojn. La lasta popolnombrado (1990), kiu generale ne montris notindajn sangojn en la proporcio de la lingvoj, malkasis konsiderindajn malbonigojn en la situacio de la romanĉa lingvo, simptomo kiu tre cagrenas la kunfederacianojn en la aliaj regionoj.
24
Komissarova, A. A. "Jacques-Louis Reverdin - pioneer of transplantology, a surgeon who opened the veil of functional importance of the thyroid gland." Clinical and experimental thyroidology 17, no. 3 (November 11, 2021): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/ket12559.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Jacques-Louis Reverdin is a famous Swiss surgeon, scientist, and entomologist of the nineteenth century. He made a considerable contribution to the development of transplantology — he was one of the first to publish work on allotransplantation, performing the so — called “skin grafting”, urology — he defended his thesis on urethrotomy, endocrinology- he performed surgical operations for the treatment of goiter, observed and described the symptoms of iatrogenic hypothyroidism, introduced the concept of postoperative myxedema. For thirty-four years, he led an active surgical practice, thanks to which he described a large number of operations (the most famous are operations on the thyroid gland), introduced a surgical suture and needle, which are still used today. During the Franco-Prussian war, he commanded a Swiss ambulance. He was a proponent of Lister’s method of asepsis and antiseptics, and introduced it in hospitals in Geneva. He was engaged in teaching and research, and was nominated for the Nobel prize three times. He received the Amuss prize of the Academy of Medicine, the prize of the Paris Academy of medicine for his work on urethrotomy, founded the Revue Medicale de la Suisse Romande, and was a co-founder and later President of the Association of physicians of Geneva. Honorary member of the entomological societies of Switzerland, France, England and Brazil.
25
Maat, Sekhmet Ra Em Kht. "Looking Back at the Evolution of James Cone’s Theological Anthropology: A Brief Commentary." Religions 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2019): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10110596.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reverend Dr. James Hal Cone has unquestionably been a key architect in defining Black liberation theology. Trained in the Western theological tradition at Garrett Theological Seminary, Cone became an expert on the theology of Twentieth-century Swiss-German theologian Karl Barth. Cone’s study of Barth led to his 1965 doctoral dissertation, “The Doctrine of Man in the Theology of Karl Barth,” where he critically examined Barth’s Epistle to the Romans and Church Dogmatics. His contemporaries and more recent African American theologians and religious scholars have questioned the extent to which Karl Barth’s ideas shaped Cone’s Black theology. The purpose of this brief commentary is to review the major ideas in “The Doctrine of Man” and Black Theology and Black Power, his first book, to explore which theological concepts Cone borrows from Barth, if any, and how Cone utilizes them within his articulation of a Black theological anthropology and Black liberation theology.
26
Kooijmans, P. H. "The Mountain Produced a Mouse: The CSCE Meeting of Experts on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, Valletta 1991." Leiden Journal of International Law 5, no. 1 (February 1992): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
From the very beginning peaceful settlement of disputes has been on the agenda of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Principle V of the first chapter of the Final Act of Helsinki of 1975 (the so-called first basket) reaffirmed the obligation of the participating states to settle their disputes by peaceful means. The Final Act, however, does not provide a mechanism through which such disputes can be resolved. The Swiss delegation had submitted in 1973 a draft-convention (called the Bindschedler-proposal after its auctor intellectualis Rudolf Bindschedler, the Legal Advisor of the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs), containing a detailed system of compulsory dispute settlement. A distinction was made between judiciable and non-judiciable disputes. Judiciable disputes would be submitted to a permanent Arbitral Tribunal, non-judiciable disputes to a permanent Commission of Inquiry, Mediation and Conciliation. This proposal was, however, unacceptable to the East European states (with the exception of Romania) which had always rejected the idea of compulsory third-party dispute settlement, whereas the greaterpart of the Western states, although in principle favourable to a system of compulsory dispute settlement, had serious objections against the substance of the Swiss proposal, inter alia with regard to the rather artificial distinction between judiciable and non-judiciable disputes. The Swiss delegation did not insist on its proposal and went along with a clause in the Final Act which provided for a follow-up meeting of experts with the task “to pursue the examination and elaboration of a generally acceptable method for the peaceful settlement of disputes aimed at complementing existing methods”. It was decided that this meeting of experts was to be convened by Switzerland afterthe first follow-up meeting which was planned for 1977 in Belgrade.
27
Canazza, Alessandro. "SISTEMI DI COLTIVAZIONE DEI CAMPI E TIPI DI COLTURE NEL TERRITORIO VERONESE: RIFLESSIONI SUGLI SPOGLI AIS." Italiano LinguaDue 14, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2037-3597/19634.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A circa cent’anni dall’avvio dell’indagine linguistica ed etnografica di Paul Scheuermeier e degli altri raccoglitori, l’Atlante linguistico ed etnografico dell’Italia e della Svizzera meridionale (Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz) costituisce una pietra miliare per lo studio delle varietà italo-romanze, all’incrocio tra dialettologia, geografia linguistica ed etnografia, tra “parole” e “cose” (Wörter und Sachen). Questo contributo, pur se alieno da pretese di completezza, propone una lettura ragionata di alcune carte linguistiche relative ai sistemi di coltivazione dei campi e ai tipi di colture, prendendo come riferimento geografico il territorio della provincia veronese e i punti di rilevazione selezionati dai compilatori dell’AIS, i quali sono collocati in località della provincia stessa che appaiono significative dal punto di vista linguistico. Il confronto tra gli esiti lessicali del dialetto veronese e quelli delle varietà venete orientali e dei dialetti gallo-italici permette di formulare alcune ipotesi circa la distribuzione spaziale dei fatti linguistici e il meccanismo delle innovazioni onomasiologiche in quella specifica porzione del dominio italo-romanzo, operazione che non va discosta - nel pieno rispetto dello spirito metodologico dell’Atlante italo-svizzero - da riflessioni e approfondimenti di carattere etnografico circa l’humus culturale e socio-economico che a quei fenomeni soggiace.
Tiling the Land and Types of Crops in the Province of Verona: a Reading of the Italian-Swiss Atlas
Almost a century after the beginning of the linguistic and ethnographic investigation by Paul Scheuermeier and the other collectors, the Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland (Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz) still sets a milestone in the study of the Romance linguistic varieties in the Italian peninsula, at the crossroads between dialectology, linguistic geography and ethnography and between “words” and “things” (Wörter und Sachen). This paper, without any claim for completeness, provides a critical reading of some linguistic maps concerning tiling the land and types of crops, taking as a geographical reference the territory of the province of Verona and the measuring/recording points selected by the compilers of the Italian-Swiss Atlas, which are significant from a linguistic point of view. The comparison between the lexical outcomes of the Veronese dialect and those of the other Venetian and Gallo-Italic dialects points out some evidence about the spatial distribution of linguistic facts and the mechanism of onomasiological innovations in a specific portion of the Romance linguistic domain. This operation, in full respect of the methodological pattern of the Italian-Swiss Atlas, comes along with ethnographic issues regarding the cultural and socio-economic background of linguistic phenomena.
28
Dupouy-Camet, J., and R. Peduzzi. "Current situation of human diphyllobothriasis in Europe." Eurosurveillance 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.09.05.00467-en.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diphyllobothriasis, a parasitosis caused by the flatworm Diphyllobothrium latum, is contracted by consuming raw or undercooked freshwater fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of this parasitosis during the past 20 years in Europe through the analysis of databases and search engines (Medline, Cabi Helminthological abstracts,Yahoo, Google), and through a questionnaire sent to a network of European parasitologists and to microbiological laboratories located on the shores of the large Alpine lakes. This study has shown that several dozen cases have been reported each year in Finland and Sweden, that there have been numerous cases in the French or Italian speaking areas of subalpine lakes, and that sporadic cases only have been observed in Austria, Spain, Greece, Romania, Poland and Norway. Over 30 cases have been identified on the Swiss shores of Lake Maggiore since 1990, and 70 cases on the Swiss and French shores of Lake Léman between 1993 and 2002. Eight to 12% of perch fillets from Lake Leman and 7.8 % of perch from Lake Maggiore were infested with larvae. Contamination sources include marinated fish fillets in northern Europe, 'carpaccio di persico' in northern Italy, and perch and charr consumed raw or undercooked around Lake Léman. Factors allowing the continuation of the parasitic cycle include the continued dumping of wastewater into lakes, yachtsmen who also fish, and a possible animal reservoir.
29
Ballian, Dalibor, and Nerma Zukić. "ANALYSIS OF THE GROWTH OF COMMON BEECH PROVENANCES (Fagus sylvatica L.) IN THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIMENT NEAR KAKANJ." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 41, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2011.v41.i2.136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
UDK 582.632.2:581.43/.44(497.6 Kakanj)
This paper presents the results of the research of the provenances of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in an experiment near Kakanj. Experiments of the provenances were established during the spring of 2007 with 2+0 and 3+0 years-old seedings. The plants were planted in the experimental design of randomized block system in three replications. The results of the survival of plants in 2007, 2008 and 2009, and the root collar diameter of plants and plant height in 2009 are presented in this paper.
Studies of the plants’ survival show that the highest percentage of survival rate had the provenance Tešanj – Crni Vrh I, while the lowest percentage of survival rate had provenance Bugojno Vranica - Bistrica. The analysis of the variance showed a statistically significant difference between the provenances, which was confirmed by the Duncan test. Romania provenance Alka - Iulia (10.14 mm) and the Swiss provenance Sihlwald (10.45 mm), had the smallest diameter of the root collar. Provenance from Croatia Dilj Čanglinski (19.43 mm) and provenance Varani kamen (18.46 mm) had the biggest diameter. The greatest average height had a provenance from Croatia Dilj Čanglinski (93.21 cm) and provenance Varani kamen (92.88 cm). The lowest level of height had provenance Alka Romania - Iulia (43.48 cm) and provenance Alesd (52.71 cm).
30
Baur, Arthur. "Sprachplanung in einer Kleinsprache." Language Problems and Language Planning 10, no. 3 (January 1, 1986): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.10.3.07bau.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
RESUMO Lingvo-planado en minoritata lingvo La retoromanca lingvo, parolata de 35'000 personoj en la svisa kantono Grizono, troviĝas en granda dangero, kvankam ĝi ĝuas tre grandaniman moralan kaj fmancan subtenon el tuta Svislando. Granda handikapo por la utih'go de tiu lïngvo por prak-tikaj celoj en la leĝfarado, en administracio, en komerco kaj ec sur afisoj estis gis nun la manko de kornuna skriblingvo por ĉiuj romanĉoj. La topografiaj obstakloj en tiu montara lando, la konfesiaj antagonismoj kaj la manko de ĉefurbo kiel kultura centro kaǔzis, ke kvin diversaj skriblingvoj ekestis kaj evoluis depost la eltrovo de la presarto. Hodiaǔ tiu manko estas pli sentata ol iam. Pro tio la Romanĉa Ligo, kiu estas la supera organo de ciuj romancaj societoj, donis la taskon al profesoro en la universitato de Zurich, Heinrich Schmid, ellabori la gvidlniojn por komuna superregiona skriblingvo, tio, malgraǔ ke pli fruaj individuaj provoj estis malsukcesintaj. En 1982 profesoro Schmid submetis sian lingvoplanon al la Romanĉa Ligo, kiu post malmultaj retusoj akceptis kaj publikigis ĝin. En kvar jaroj tiu nova lingvo bazigante precipe sur la regionaj lingvoj de la malsupera Engadino kaj de la antaua Rejnvalo, trovis multan subtenon kaj jam estas vaste uzata en la praktiko spite al kontraǔstaro de konservemaj rondoj. Posto, ŝtataj instancoj kaj komerco jam utiligas gin, sed la verkistoj ankoraǔ hezitas. Tarnen oni rajtas konkludi, ke la. pure eksperimenta fazo jam pasis. SUMMARY Language Planning in a Minority Language The Rhaeto-Romansch language, spoken by 35,000 people in the Swiss canton of Grisons, is in great danger, although it enjoys generous moral and financial support from all of Switzerland. Up to now, a major handicap in the use of the language for practical purposes in legislation, administration, commerce, and even in posters and signs has been the lack of a common written language for all forms of Romansch. Topographical obstacles in this mountainous area, coupled with religious antagonisms and the lack of a capital city to serve as a cultural center, have led to the creation and development of five different written forms since the invention of printing. This lack is more acutely felt today than ever before. Accordingly, the Romansch League, the coordinating body of all Romansch societies, commissioned a professor at the University of Zurich, Heinrich Schmid, to develop guidelines for a common written language for all regions, although earlier individual efforts of this kind had failed. In 1982 Professor Schmid presented his language program to the Romansch League, which, after a few minor changes, accepted and published it. Over the past four years this new language, based primarily on the regional languages of the lower Engadine and of the Rhine Valley, has found much support and is already widely used in practice despite opposition in conservative circles. The postal service, government agencies, and business are already using it, but there is some hesitation among literary figures. It is reasonable to conclude, however, that the purely experimental phase of the project is now over.
31
R. Anderson, Stephen. "Phonologically conditioned allomorphy in the morphology of Surmiran (Rumantsch)." Word Structure 1, no. 2 (October 2008): 109–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1750124508000184.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alternations between allomorphs that are not directly related by phonological rule, but whose selection is governed by phonological properties of the environment, have attracted the sporadic attention of phonologists and morphologists. Such phenomena are commonly limited to rather small corners of a language's structure, however, and as a result have not been a major theoretical focus. This paper examines a set of alternations in Surmiran, a Swiss Rumantsch language, that have this character and that pervade the entire system of the language. It is shown that the alternations in question, best attested in the verbal system, are not conditioned by any coherent set of morphological properties (either straightforwardly or in the extended sense of ‘morphomes’ explored in other Romance languages by Maiden). These alternations are, however, straightforwardly aligned with the location of stress in words, and an analysis is proposed within the general framework of Optimality Theory to express this. The resulting system of phonologically conditioned allomorphy turns out to include the great majority of patterning which one might be tempted to treat as productive phonology, but which has been rendered opaque (and subsequently morphologized) as a result of the working of historical change.
32
Kipfer, Nadine, and Patricia Groothius. "Views on the Evaluation and School Orientation of Swiss, Spanish, and Portuguese children: Research Conducted in Kindergarten and Primary School Classes in Geneva and Bienne." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 4, no. 1 (January 2004): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/194589504787382820.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Switzerland, as in other European countries, the percentage of foreign children is constantly rising. However, the omnipresent multiculturalism in primary school disappears in later years when school demands increase. This tendency is observed in the United States as well as in many European countries. It has caused researchers to point out several problems and to criticize the use of intelligence tests for selection and prediction of school results of minority children. It is argued that it is important to create alternative tests that do not discriminate against children from other cultures. One such alternative is a learning potential test. The main question researched with such tests is whether a child is able to profit from instruction/training and to what extent (Hessels & Kipfer, 2003). In fact, these tests do not measure a product of previous learning, as do intelligence tests, but instead focus on the process of learning.The Master’s thesis was focused on two aspects. The first was to translate and test the applicability of the Learning Potential Test for Children from Ethnic Minories (LEM), created in the Netherlands for the assessment of Turkish and Moroccan children (Hamers, Hessels, & Van Luit, 1991; Hessels, 1993), in the Swiss-French context. The second research aspect concerned interviews with teachers and school psychologists to understand what materials they use for children from ethnic minorities and what are their expectations with regard to school success.The LEM is composed of six sub-tests that take into consideration two main factors: inductive reasoning (classification, series of numbers, and figurative analogies) and verbal learning (word-object association, recognition and denomination, and syllable recall). A classic test, Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) was also administered to observe the differences between a static and a dynamic measure. We assessed Swiss, Portuguese, and Spanish children, because Portuguese and Spanish represent two large minority cultures in Geneva and Bienne. The children were divided in two groups: one with children aged between 5;4 to 6;9 years and the second with children aged 6;10 to 7;9 years.The test first of all proved also to be a reliable test in the present context. Cronbach’s alpha varied between .91 and .94. However, the main hypothesis, that the difference in mean scores between the various groups would be smaller with the LEM than with the SPM, was not confirmed. In fact, Swiss children scored 1.3 to 4.7 points higher on the subtests of the LEM (standard scores) than the Portuguese and Spanish children, and the Spanish children showed a higher performance than the Portuguese children. The Swiss children, as expected, outperformed the Portuguese and Spanish children on the SPM. A comparison of the results of the Spanish and Portuguese children on the LEM and the SPM showed that relative performance on both tests did not change. The fact that Spanish children showed a higher mean performance than the Portuguese children was explained by the onset of migration: the Spanish workers came to Switzerland in the early 1960’s, whereas the Portuguese arrived only during the 80’s, which makes a difference of at least one generation that was born and raised in Switzerland. The fact that the differences on the LEM and SPM were smaller and did not change much from one test to the other was explained by the fact that the cultural and language differences were much smaller than in the Dutch research (Hessels & Hessels-Schlatter, 2002). In fact, all languages in the present research have the same Latin-Romanic roots.The second aspect of the research concerned interviews with 9 teachers and 3 school psychologists. It was expected that teachers and school psychologists would not have the same expectations for the three different groups of children, and we tried to shed some light on which factors influenced the supposed underestimation of minority children by teachers and school psychologists. Both teachers and psychologists asserted that their expectations of ethnic minority children and Swiss were not different. They claimed to differentiate only according to the school difficulties that a particular child would display. To assess and orient the child, the school psychologist said to not only use measures of IQ, but also others tests like the Draw-a-man test or others measure to have a complete evaluation. According to them, factors that could influence assessment were culture, mother tongue, emotions displayed during the test, or the criteria of evaluation.A salient detail in this study was that teachers’ ratings of children’s school results, behavior, and application in class was generally lower for minority children than for Swiss children, especially in special education classes where large differences were found.
33
Voutat, Bernard. "Territorial Identity in Europe: the Political Processes of the Construction of Identities in Corsica, the Basque Country, Italy, Macedonia and the Swiss Jura." Contemporary European History 9, no. 2 (July 2000): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777300002071.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Jean-Louis Briquet, La tradition en mouvement. Clientélisme et politique en Corse (Paris: Belin, 1997), 303 pp. ISBN 2–701–12079–9.Barbara Loyer, Géopolitique du Pays basque. Nations et nationalismes en Espagne (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1997), 416 pp. ISBN 2–738–45089–X.Carl Levy, ed., Italian Regionalism. History, Identity and Politics (Oxford/Washington, DC: Berg, 1996), 197 pp. ISBN 1–859–73156–2.Peter Mackridge and Eleni Yannakis, eds., Ourselves and Others. The Development of a Greek Macedonian Cultural Identity since 1912 (Oxford/New York: Berg, 1997), 259 pp. ISBN 1–859–73138–4.Claude Hauser, Aux origines intellectuelles de la Question jurassienne. Culture et politique entre la France et la Suisse romande (1910–1950) (Courrendelin: Editions communication jurassienne et européenne (CJE), 1997), 528 pp. ISBN 2–940–11204–5.Any examination of political movements that claim a basis in territorial and cultural identity tends to come up against a major obstacle, the problem of tracing the reasons for their emergence. There are two competing approaches: the ’culturalist‘, which considers cultural differences among communities as being themselves the chief cause of conflict; and the ’instrumentalist‘, which holds that those differences are exploited and manipulated by individuals or groups seeking to acquire or maintain a position of power.
34
Schoch, Lucie. "Stéréotypes de genre." Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 8, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v8.n2.2019.400.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
FR. Cette étude s’intéresse aux interactions des femmes journalistes de sport de la presse romande avec leurs sources masculines. Les femmes journalistes de sport évoluent dans l’un des univers journalistiques les plus masculins, tant du point de vue de la présence des femmes dans la profession (13% seulement dans la presse romande malgré une récente féminisation) que de l’objet médiatisé. S’appuyant sur des observations réalisées dans deux quotidiens romands et 25 entretiens biographiques, l’étude montre que, face à des pratiques de terrain identifiées comme masculines, les femmes journalistes de sport mobilisent la féminité et certains stéréotypes qui lui sont associés dans leurs interactions avec les sources. Journalistes polyvalentes, non expertes dans le domaine du sport, ce sont des contraintes de position qui les amènent à déployer de telles stratégies. Mais la mobilisation du genre comme ressource dans le travail de terrain relève aussi d’une « identité stratégique » pour la plupart. Jouant de l’assignation, elles tirent profit du fait d’être une femme et parviennent à recueillir des informations qu’elles jugent sincères et authentiques et qui leur permettent de développer une approche « féminine » de l’information sportive dont la qualité est reconnue au sein de la profession. Néanmoins, bien rares sont les femmes journalistes qui parviennent à modifier les rapports de pouvoir genrés au sein de leur rubrique et la mobilisation du genre comme ressource professionnelle se révèle en outre ambivalente. Elle contribue à minorer les compétences journalistiques des femmes et nuit à leur reconnaissance professionnelle dans l’univers sportif ainsi qu’à leur carrière dans le journalisme.
***
EN. This study focuses on the interactions of female sports journalists working in the Swiss-French daily press with their male sources. Female sports journalists work in one of the most male-dominated journalistic specialties, both in terms of the presence of women in the profession (only 13% in the French-speaking Swiss press, despite recent feminization) and in terms of media coverage. The study is based on observations of two daily newspapers and twenty-five biographical interviews, and demonstrates that, within this fieldwork identified as masculine, female sports journalists deploy femininity and stereotypes associated with it in their interactions with sources. Especially for non-disciplinary journalists (non-experts in the field of sports), vocational demands lead them to deploy such strategies. But mobilizing gender as a resource in their field work is also a “strategic identity” for most of them. In reversing the stereotype, they take advantage of being a woman and manage to gather information that they consider sincere and authentic and that allows them to develop a “feminine” approach to sports writing, whose quality is recognized within the profession. Nevertheless, very few women journalists manage to change the gendered power relations within their sector. Furthermore, the implementation of gender as a professional resource is ambivalent in that it also contributes to the underestimation of women's journalistic skills and undermines their professional recognition in the world of sports as well as their career in journalism.
***
PT. Este estudo concentra-se nas interações de mulheres jornalistas de esporte da imprensa francesa com suas fontes masculinas. As mulheres jornalistas de esporte atuam em um dos universos jornalísticos mais masculinos, tanto do ponto de vista da presença de mulheres na profissão (13% somente na imprensa de língua francesa, apesar de uma recente feminização) quanto em termos de cobertura da mídia. Com base nas observações realizadas em dois diários franceses e em 25 entrevistas biográficas, o estudo mostra que, diante das práticas de campo identificadas como masculinas, as mulheres jornalistas de esporte mobilizam a feminilidade e certos estereótipos associados a elas em suas interações com as fontes. Jornalistas polivalentes, não especialistas no campo do esporte, são as restrições de posição que as levam a implementar essas estratégias. Mas a mobilização de gênero como um recurso no trabalho de campo também é uma « identidade estratégica » para a maioria delas. Ao desempenhar a tarefa, elas se beneficiam de ser uma mulher e conseguem coletar informações que consideram sinceras e autênticas e que lhes permitem desenvolver uma abordagem « feminina » das informações esportivas cuja qualidade é reconhecida dentro da profissão. No entanto, muito poucas mulheres jornalistas conseguem mudar as relações de poder de gênero dentro de suas rubricas e a mobilização de gênero como recurso profissional também é ambivalente. Contribui para subestimar as habilidades jornalísticas das mulheres e prejudica seu reconhecimento profissional no mundo do esporte e sua carreira no jornalismo.
***
35
Necula, Raluca Alexandra, and Stefan Mann. "Democratisation or individualisation? On the distribution of food consumption." British Food Journal 120, no. 5 (May 8, 2018): 942–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-05-2017-0312.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose While economists are increasingly acknowledging the importance of distributional issues, the distribution of the consumption of food items has largely been neglected. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that important insights can be obtained by analysing the distribution of consumption of food products within society. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted by analysing food consumption in two very different countries: Romania, a middle-income country and Switzerland, one of the most prosperous countries in the world. In order to test the formulated hypotheses, consumption per capita was calculated, as a base for the calculation of the Gini coefficient of consumption for each product. A mixed effect model was applied for total food and for meat, computing the predictors for the variable “consumption distribution”. Findings Using the Gini coefficients of food and drink item consumption by Romanian and Swiss households, the authors tested the hypothesis that in prosperous middle-income countries the homogeneity of food consumption is growing over time as a sign of consumption democratisation, whereas in high-income countries a growing degree of individualisation is leading to decreasing homogeneity. For meat, the bifurcation of consumption patterns between vegetarians and hedonists leads to a growing Gini coefficient over time for both countries. The analysis controls for factors such as the products’ importance in the diet and their price. Originality/value The paper approaches a new subject and raises a new research question that may be relevant for structural issues of contemporary society. Both the comparative analysis of food distribution in two different societies and their dynamics is a novelty.
36
Dong, Bella. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 9 No. 2." Journal of Food Research 9, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v9n2p58.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: jfr@ccsenet.org
Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 2
Ammar Eltayeb Ali Hassan, University of Tromsø, Norway
Ana Silva, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Portugal
Ancuta Elena Prisacaru, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
Bernardo Pace, Institute of Science of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
Bruno Alejandro Irigaray, Facultad de Química, Uruguay
Coman Gigi, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
Diego A. Moreno-Fernández, CEBAS-CSIC, Spain
Djilani Abdelouaheb, Badji Mokhtar University, Algeria
Elke Rauscher-Gabernig, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Austria
Elsa M Goncalves, Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agrária (INIA), Portugal
Essence Jeanne Picones Logan, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
Greta Faccio, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Sciences and Technology, Switzerland
J. Basilio Heredia, Research Center for Food and Development, Mexico
Jintana Wiboonsirikul, Phetchaburi Rajabhat University, Thailand
Jose Maria Zubeldia, Gestión Sanitaria de Canarias – Gobierno de Canarias, Spain
Luis Patarata, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Ma Lourdes Vazquez-Odériz, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Marco Iammarino, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Italy
Mariana de Lourdes Almeida Vieira, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Brazil
Massimiliano Renna, CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Italy
Paolo Polidori, University of Camerino, Italy
Richard Nyanzi, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa
Shao Quan Liu, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Stuart Munson-McGee, New Mexico State University, United States
Tzortzis Nomikos, Harokopio University, Greece
Xinyin Jiang, Brooklyn College, United States
37
Labarthe, Gilles. "Des journalistes d’investigation face au « 5e pouvoir ». Collaboration, négociation et conflit avec des sources officielles en Suisse romande." Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 7, no. 2 (December 16, 2018): 108–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v7.n2.2018.362.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
FR. Cette contribution présente les premiers résultats d’une recherche empirique qualitative de type inductive et à visée exploratoire, inspirée d’une approche socio-ethnographique. Elle est basée sur une série d’entretiens semi-directifs menés en 2014-2016 avec des journalistes d’investigation travaillant ou ayant travaillé en Suisse dans les médias locaux, et mobilise la notion de « 5e pouvoir » afin de mieux distinguer les trois principaux modes (collaboratif, de négociation, conflictuel) caractérisant les relations entre journalistes et sources officielles. L’objectif est de mieux comprendre en quoi le mode conflictuel peut être lié directement ou indirectement à des usages des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) par des fonctionnaires d’administrations, limitant de fait le « 4e pouvoir » traditionnellement attribué aux médias. Le focus est mis sur les dimensions économiques de ces stratégies, dans un contexte de crise accentuée des modèles d’affaires frappant en particulier la presse locale en Suisse romande depuis une quinzaine d’années. L’étude dresse une typologie de dix principales contraintes systématiquement identifiées par les journalistes, affectant leurs moyens d’investiguer voire, leur réputation et identité professionnelle. Elle conclut sur une « nécessaire réticence » des praticiens à définir en quoi consiste précisément le journalisme d’investigation, quelles sont ses limites et ses savoir-faire, comme moyen de conserver des avantages tactiques dans les rapports aux sources.
***
EN. This paper examines the initial results of an exploratory socio-ethnographic inductive and qualitative empirical study. It is based on semi-structured interviews held in 2014 – 2016 with investigative reporters working (or who had worked) in local media and draws upon the notion of the Fifth Estate to help distinguish the three main modes (collaboration, negotiation, conflict) that characterize the relationship between journalists and official sources. The goal is to better understand how the conflictual mode may be linked directly or indirectly to the information and communication technology (ICT) employed by officials and how it may limit the powers of the Fourth Estate—the media. The study focusses on the economic dimensions of these strategies within the context of the of the business model crisis local media in Swiss Romandie has faced over the last fifteen years. The study compiles a typology of ten major constraints systematically brought up by journalists that affect their ability to investigate, and consequently their professional identity and reputation. It concludes with a “necessary reluctance” on the part of the journalists to define investigative journalism precisely—its limits and know-how—so as to conserve a tactical advantage in their relationship with their sources.
***
PT. Esta contribuição apresenta os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa empírica qualitativa, indutiva e exploratória, inspirada em uma abordagem sociodemográfica. Ela é baseada em uma série de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas entre 2014 e 2016 com jornalistas de investigativos que atuam ou tinham atuado na em mídias locais na Suíça. A pesquisa mobiliza a noção de “5o poder” para melhor distinguir os três principais modos (colaborativo, de negociação, conflituoso) que caracterizam as relações entre jornalistas e fontes oficiais. O objetivo é melhor compreender de que forma o modo conflituoso pode estar direta ou indiretamente ligado ao uso das tecnologias de informação e de comunicação (TICs) pelos funcionários da administração, limitando, assim, o “4o poder” tradicionalmente atribuído à mídia. Centra-se nas dimensões econômicas des- sas estratégias em um contexto de crise acentuada dos modelos de negócios e que afetam particularmente a imprensa local na Suíça romanche nos últimos 15 anos. O estudo constrói uma tipologia de dez constrangimentos principais sistematicamente identificados pelos jornalistas, e que afetam os meios de investigação, ou até mesmo sua reputação e identidade profissional. Ele conclui apontando uma “reticência necessária” por parte dos jornalistas em definir de forma precisa o jornalismo investigativo, seus limites e formas de fazer. Essa reticência é uma estratégia para preservar as vantagens táticas dos jornalistas nas relações com as fontes
38
Macagno, Lorenzo. "Missionaries and the Ethnographic Imagination. Reflections on the Legacy of Henri-Alexandre Junod (1863–1934)." Social Sciences and Missions 22, no. 1 (2009): 55–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489409x434063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThis article consists of a reflection on the ethnographic and political legacy of the protestant missionary Henri-Alexandre Junod. A member of the Swiss Mission, Junod was one of the few missionaries to enjoy the recognition of “professional” anthropologists in his time (among them, Malinowski himself, who praised his pioneering ethnography on the Thonga of southern Africa). But beyond his important ethnographic legacy, his work as a missionary brought him into contact with many perplexities and paradoxes. Besides living and working in the Union of South Africa – present day South Africa – he lived for many years in Mozambique, where at certain times, his presence – and that of the protestant missionaries in general – was not well accepted by Portuguese Colonial Regime. Today, the policies on bilingual education, the process of reinvention of the Shangaan identity, the multicultural dilemmas of post-socialist Mozambique and the role of the Protestant churches in the formation of the civil society, cannot be understood without a systematic and renewed reflection on the legacy of Henri-Alexandre Junod. Cet article propose une réflexion sur l'héritage ethnographique et politique du missionnaire protestant Henri-Alexandre Junod. Membre de la Missions Suisse Romande, Junod fut un des rares missionnaires qui fut reconnu de son vivant par les anthropologues "professionnels" (entre autres Malinowski lui-même qui loua son travail ethnographique sur les Thonga d'Afrique australe). Au-delà son héritage ethnographique, le travail de Junod comme missionnaire l'exposa aussi à plusieurs perplexités et paradoxes. En plus de vivre et travailler dans l'Union d'Afrique du Sud – aujourd'hui Afrique du sud – il vécut durant de nombreuses années au Mozambique où, à certains moments, sa présence – et celle des missionnaires protestants en général – ne fut pas bien acceptée par le régime colonial portugais. Aujourd'hui les politiques d'éducation bilingues, le processus de la réinvention de l'identité Shangaan, les dilemmes multiculturels d'un Mozambique postsocialiste et le rôle des églises Protestantes dans la formation d'une société civile ne peuvent pas être compris sans une réflexion systématique et renouvelée de l'héritage d'Henri-Alexandre Junod.
39
Koźmiński, Krzysztof. "Bank loans denominated and indexed to foreign currency ‒ a Polish, Ukrainian or Europe-Wide problem?" Studia Iuridica 71 (November 20, 2017): 117–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5817.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The institution of a bank mortgage denominated/indexed to foreign currency (referred to generally and not very precisely as “foreign currency loan” or “loan adjusted to foreign currency”) is an instrument commonly used by a broad group of citizens of European states for acquiring capital with a view to purchasing a housing unit. Until recently, such loans were popular not only in Poland and other countries belonging to the so-called “New Union” (those whose accession took place within the last decade or so: Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, Hungary and Croatia), Austria, Spain, Italy, Portugal, but also outside of the borders of the Union: in Russia, Serbia and Ukraine (however, one difference was the currency in which obligations were evaluated – whilst loans in EU countries were dominated by the Swiss Franc, Ukrainian lendees more frequently relied upon loans “adjusted” to the U.S. dollar). Regardless of differences persisting in legislative regimes, peculiarities of national legal systems and local economic and social conditions, in all those countries doubts have arisen whether a drastic change in currency rate (which results in an obligation to pay off a loan on conditions much less attractive than beforehand) constitutes a legally relevant circumstance that could permit one to release oneself from having to perform one’s contractual duties or, at least, facilitate granting some relief in fulfilling increasingly more onerous obligations towards banks. To discuss the permissibility and legal aspects of foreign currency loan contracts is complicated not only from the juridical point of view, but is also of interest to society, politics and economics. Still, the problem attracts strong emotions, particularly among lendees who took out a foreign currency loan and now feel deceived due to a change of the currency rate. The lendees and their organizations often expect involvement, particularly from EU bodies, where, in their estimation, domestic authorities have failed or “succumbed to the banking lobby”. Unfortunately, having observed the course of events over the last several years, one may surmise that the low number of judgments in cases concerning denominated bank loans, and especially the sceptical approach of the Court of Justice, have generated a lot of disappointment.
40
HARRIES, PATRICK. "SWITZERLAND AND THE SLAVE TRADE La Suisse et l'esclavage des Noirs. By THOMAS DAVID, BOUDA ETEMAD, JANICK MARINA SCHAUFELBUEHL. Lausanne: Editions Antipodes et Société d'Histoire de la Suisse romande, 2005. Pp. 184. 26 Swiss francs, 18 euros (ISBN 2-940146-52-7)." Journal of African History 47, no. 3 (November 2006): 499–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853706262431.
Повний текст джерела
41
Gerali, Francesco, and Jenny Gregory. "Understanding and finding oil over the centuries: The case of the Wallachian Petroleum Company in Romania." Earth Sciences History 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6178-36.1.41.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
About four centuries passed between the first appearance of pamphlets in which the medical uses of petroleum were discussed (for example, the Tegernsee (southern Bavaria, 1430), Geneva (Swiss Confederacy, 1480), Nurnberg (northern Bavaria, 1500), and the Antwerp (Duchy of Brabant, today Flanders, 1540–1550) pamphlets), and Michael Faraday's discovery in 1825 of the chemical composition of benzene derived from bituminous oil as a compound of carbon and hydrogen. During this long time span, studies of oil, carried out between alchemy and chemistry, benefited from rapid advances and brilliant insights, much as they had moments of stagnation, and disappointing regressions. In 1855 the chemist Benjamin Silliman Jr., of Yale University, proved that crude oil could be decomposed through a process of fractional distillation into a range of fuels and lubricants cheaper than the oils, greases and waxes rendered by animal fats and vegetal matter (Silliman 1855; Forbes 1948 Forbes 1958). In the course of the early 1860s, oil became the main source of illumination first in North America, then in Europe and Australia. This transformation of oil from a substance of limited use into a commodity of mass consumption radically changed the pattern of oil finding and production. Crude was no longer collected just from natural springs or draining seepages, but was pumped out of the ground from wells drilled by machines using steam power. This was the first step toward the modern oil industry, and a breakthrough in the history of energy: the beginning of an oil society. The first part of this article provides an introduction to the early uses and production of petroleum in Europe, and advances in understanding the nature, the physical properties, and the composition of hydrocarbons. It provides a brief analysis of the interaction between technology, society and the environmental context in northwestern Pennsylvania, where, between 1858 and 1859, a new successful pattern developed to produce oil in commercial quantity. From 1861, that innovative process put the United States in the position to gain increasing shares in the young European mineral oil markets and, subsequently, to jeopardize the position of local oil (vegetal, animal and mineral) producers. The second part, using a national case study approach, explores the history of a British oil company operating in Romania since 1863, the Wallachian Oil Company. This venture by London stockholders—short, difficult, and abortive—is a mirror of the nature of the business implemented by emerging oil companies, not only from Europe, and therefore exemplifies the challenges of setting the modern oil sector in motion in the nineteenth century.
42
Pochukalin, A. Ye, S. V. Pryima, and O. V. Rizun. "BREEDING HERITAGE OF DAIRY-MEAT CATTLE OF UKRAINE – BROWN CARPATIAN CATTLE." Animal Breeding and Genetics 58 (November 29, 2019): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.58.18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prolonged breeding process of transformation of primitive but adapted forms of brown color to the conditions of Transcarpathia region, by crossing to 1972 (breeding approbation) and improvement to 2014 (deprivation of the last breeding status of breeding status of Brown Carpathian cattle), in Ukraine, unfortunately lost its resources (breeding) for the existence of the Brown Carpathian cattle.
The purpose of the study was to analyze the Brown Carpathian cattle by major economic useful features, livestock dynamics and genealogical structure.
Materials and methods of research. The main research methods were retrospective and source-based analyzes, based on breeding books, registers and reports of breeding farms engaged in breeding Brown Carpathian cattle.
The Brown Carpathian breed derives from ancient brown cattle, which settled all the medium Europe in ancient times. In Alpes region already in medieval times it gave rise to different types of high-productive Brown Alpine cattle, which was called on the place of its distribution. In Austria – Hornoin, France – Montafon, Switzerland – Swiss. Brown cattle of Transcarpathian region was called Rizhka. These cattle were small and low-productive, but it was unimproved almost till the beginning of 20-th century. Though at plains it was crossed with Grey Ukrainian cattle and get name “Mokan” (my horse in local language), as crosses were strong and enduring, characteristics, which inherent to Grey Ukrainian cattle. Their live weight was 200–300 kg, and wither height – not more, than 113 cm, milk production – not more, than 1200 kg.
Transcarpathia is the beginning of transformation of brown cattle into the Brown Carpathian breed of the combined direction of productivity, because it was from this period that the import of improved livestock began.
In 1972, by order of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Brown Carpathian cattle of cattle was approved and recognized as a domestic factory breed of dairy and meat direction of productivity.
It should also be noted that the feature of the breeding process, according to which the newly formed breed absorbs local breeds, but in the future itself is absorbed by the neoplasm, or more productive population. Thus, the Brown Carpathian breed at the beginning of its formation by the method of absorption crossing reduced the number of local Gray Hungarian and Pinzgau breeds.
In addition to the Transcarpathian, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Lviv regions of Ukraine, which were the basis for breeding of the Brown Carpathian breed, there were also exports of breeding stock beyond their borders. Thus, during 1964 ... 1974, 24.3 thousand heads were exported to other countries: Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as Slovakia, Romania and Hungary. In addition, the Brown Carpathian breed participated in the creation of the Brown Caucasian breed as an improvement.
According to O. M. Zabrovarny's description with co-authors, the compact body type of the Brown Carpathian cattle is adapted to the mountain and lowland zones of distribution of this breed. The authors note differences in the sexes of the body with some of their disadvantages. The horns have a light color with dark tips. Color of typical animals of the Brown Carpathian breed from light to dark brown. On the spine, around the nasal mirror a light color, also a light lower body, but without white spots. Dark are the nasal mirror, hoof horn, tail brush. Newborn calves have a greyish-gray to almost white, which darkens from 2 to 3 months of age.
According to the meat productivity, animals of the Brown Carpathian breed have satisfactory values. Thus, the average daily gains of bulls are 750–900 g. The genetic potential of dairy productivity of cows of the Brown Carpathian breed is high and is at the level of 8 … 9 tons of milk.
A characteristic feature of the Brown Carpathian cattle is the adaptation of the organism to the paratypical conditions of the mountain and lowland Transcarpathia, taking into account retention and feeding. The breed has two types: lowland (Berehiv, Vynohradiv, Mukachevo districts) and mountain (Rakhiv, Volovetsky, Mezhgirsky districts).
In order to preserve the Brown Carpathian cattle as a national property, it is necessary to carry out expeditionary examination of domestic animals, to analyze and evaluate livestock. In our opinion, this can serve as a starting point for the establishment of a reserve or individual gene pool subject of the Brown Carpathian breed.
Conclusions. The Brown Carpathian cattle belongs to the combined, dairy-meat direction of productivity. The cow's productivity is at the level of 3.5–4.5 thousand kg of milk with a fat content of 3.6–3.8%, the animals have satisfactory meat productivity. The peculiarity of the breed is its exceptional adaptation to the natural and climatic conditions of Transcarpathian Ukraine. The breed has a sufficient number of regional lines and families for distribution in Ukraine.
43
Grünert, Matthias. "Varietäten und Sprachkontakt in rätoromanischen SMS." Linguistik Online 48, no. 4 (July 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.48.335.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a minority language in Switzerland, the Romansh of the Grisons is exposed to pressure from the dominant language in its region, namely (Swiss) German. Consequently, it has not developed a generally accepted standardized written form, being above all a spoken language, which cedes many written functions to the dominant language. These premises entail a complex spectrum of language variation in informal written use of Romansh in SMS-communication. This variation includes deviations from regional written norms, traits of (dialectal) orality, interference of (Swiss) German, and code-switching to (Swiss) German. Language contact is evident in the fact that Romansh is used for part of an SMS whereas another part of the same SMS sent by the same person may be written in one or even in two varieties of the majority language, i.e. German and Swiss German. Some speakers of Romansh, mainly people who live outside of the traditional linguistic territory, do not write in Romansh at all. It should be noted that the users of Romansh in SMS-communication who participated in this research project are mainly women with university-level educations who are working in the tertiary sector.
44
Samo, Giuseppe. "Criterial V2: ModP as a Locus of Microvariation in Swiss Romansh Varieties." Probus, May 9, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/probus-2022-0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In this article, we explore how cartographic maps interact with a concept of parameters in terms of syntactic operations triggered by morphosyntactic features in the spirit of Rizzi (2017. On the format and locus of parameters: The role of morphosyntactic features. Linguistic Analysis 41. 159–191). Adopting the guidelines of a criterial approach to verb second, in which the inflected verb creates a Spec-Head configuration (verb adjacency) with the highest activated criterial head in the syntactic architecture, we discuss microparametric variation among Swiss Romansh varieties concerning the activation of ModP, a dedicated criterial position for “highlighted” adverbials (Rizzi 2004. Locality and left periphery. In Adriana Belletti (ed.), Structures and beyond [the Cartography of syntactic structures], Vol. 3, 223–251. Oxford: Oxford University Press) within the left periphery of the clause.
45
Francois, Jacques. "La mise en place de la philologie et de la linguistique romanes dans l’Allemagne du 19e siècle." Romanistisches Jahrbuch 64, no. 1 (January 10, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/roma.64.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe outstanding evolution of Romance linguistics from Lorenz Diefenbach’s first comparative morphological study (1831) to the Grundriss der romanischen Philologie (1904), edited by Gustav Gröber, can be explained by four factors: (1) the amount of “linguistic monuments” inventoried from the 16th century onwards, (2) the adherence of all German Romance scholars, first of all Friedrich Diez, to the principles of comparative historical linguistics as initiated by Bopp and Grimm, (3) the establishment of comparative Indo- European, German, Romance and Slavic linguistics at German universities, and (4) the early emancipation of linguistics from philology in Germany. Despite Gaston Paris and Graziadio Ascoli, neither French nor Italian Romance scholars where able to compete with the German (including Austrian and Swiss) researchers. Moreover, between the first and the second comparative enterprises which combined historical grammar and etymological lexicography, respectively by Friedrich Diez and Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke, the work of Hugo Schuchardt on Romance dialectology and creolistics opened up the field of geolinguistics as developed by the Swiss Jules Gilliéron.
46
Derron Corbellari, Marianne. "Die Übersetzung des Historischen Lexikons der Schweiz. Ein Unternehmen von sprachpolitischer Bedeutung." Linguistik Online 23, no. 2 (October 2, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.23.650.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article deals with the translation of the Swiss Historical Encyclopaedia and is mainly based on the experiences of three collaborators. The Encyclopaedia is being published simultaneously in the three official languages German, French and Italian as well as in an abbreviated version in Rhaeto-Romance. The multilingual work concept implies considerable administrative planning and reveals terminological obstacles, as the different regions of Switzerland have been exposed to variable historical influences. The article describes detailed and concrete problems of translating texts on historical topics the difficulties of which are generally underestimated. The translators need not only a solid linguistic knowledge, but also of Swiss and European history from the prehistoric period to present times. Comparing the different versions of the same article is an excellent quality control of the text's linguistic and scientific level. The fact that the Encyclopaedia is written in the national languages is to strengthen the Swiss consciousness and identity in times where English seems to become the standard communication language. The translators work with traditional methods (including Internet!), but without referring to translation programmes.
47
Steiner, Carina, Péter Jeszenszky, and Adrian Leemann. "Variation and change in Swiss German agreement morphology: Spatial, social, and attitudinal effects." Journal of Linguistic Geography, November 17, 2022, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2022.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper investigates the occurrence of inflected predicative adjectives, an optional yet distinguishing feature of German dialects spoken in southern Switzerland. We provide an in-depth analysis of the patterns of change of this morphosyntactic marker with a particular focus on extralinguistic factors. Historical records from 1950 were compared to contemporary data collected from 192 speakers across 49 localities in 2020–21. Our results corroborate previous reports indicating a substantial, real-time decline in inflected forms. Logistic mixed-effects modeling suggests that the inflection of predicative adjectives occurs more frequently among speakers who report tight social networks, have a strong local dialect identity, and regularly use one or more Romance languages. These findings support the claim that tight social networks and local dialect identity construction may lead to the preservation of conservative grammatical forms. Additionally, the effect of Romance languages highlights the role of transfer phenomena induced by language contact.
48
"Beet necrotic yellow vein benyvirus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500788.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Beet necrotic yellow vein benyvirus Viruses: No family assignation: Benyvirus Hosts: All cultivars of Beta vulgaris (sugarbeet, Swiss chard, etc.), also spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Mainland France, Germany, Greece, Mainland Greece, Hungary, Italy, Mainland Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Southern Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Mainland Spain, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, China, NeiMenggu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Japan, Hokkaido, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Syria, Turkey, NORTH AMERICA, USA, California, Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, Wyoming.
49
Gonzalez, Philippe. "Quand la droite nationaliste montre les minarets : la médiatisation ambiguë d’une initiative populaire en Suisse." Canadian Journal of Communication 40, no. 1 (February 16, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.22230/cjc.2015v40n1a2891.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This contribution addresses the anti-minaret referendum accepted by the Swiss people in 2009, using data drawn from the main television news program in French-speaking Switzerland. The analysis tries to point out ambiguities in the media coverage of this referendum and to show how increasing the Muslims’ visibility worked against their public recognition. The clarification of the concept of visibility pays attention to the ways in which certain actors (politicians of the nationalist right) force others (the Muslims of Switzerland) to appear in the public sphere, creating controversy and publicizing their identity aspirations. This investigation leads to an inquiry on the normative conditions necessary for democratic debate.Cette contribution revient sur l’initiative anti-minarets acceptée par le peuple suisse en 2009, à partir de matériau provenant du principal journal de la Télévision suisse romande. L’analyse tente de ressaisir les ambiguïtés inhérentes à la médiatisation de cette initiative et de montrer comment la visibilisation des musulmans a joué en défaveur de leur reconnaissance publique. L’élucidation du concept de visibilité se veut attentive à certaines formes d’instrumentalisation par des acteurs (des politiciens de la droite nationaliste) qui en forcent d’autres (les musulmans de Suisse) à apparaître dans l’espace public, afin de susciter une controverse et publiciser leur programme identitaire. L’enquête débouche sur une interrogation relative aux conditions normatives nécessaires à la tenue d’un débat démocratique.
50
Furtunescu, F. L., A. Dragoescu, B. C. Pana, and D. G. Minca. "Minimizing health inequalities in rural population through pilot integrated medico-social centres." European Journal of Public Health 30, Supplement_5 (September 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1194.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Problem In Romania about 45% of the population (about 9 million people) still live in rural settings, having more detrimental health indicators and a poorer access to medical and social services compared to population living in urban. Description of the problem Under the Swiss-Romanian Cooperation Programme, a public health intervention was implemented in seven rural remote communities from Romania, aiming to increase access to basic medical and social services for the people living in those communities, with focus on the most vulnerable ones and to facilitate integration between medical and social services at the community, county and national level. In the first phase a decentralized training in health projects has been provided for local teams coming from eighteen rural remote communities which expressed their interest to be involved in the intervention. after the training, each local team developed its own pilot project for building a local model of integrated medico-social services. In the second phase, best projects were selected for implementation and received financing. All local teams were supported in the implementation of the model by a central coaching team, which had the role to provide technical advice and to facilitate mediation with the county and central authorities from the medical and social protection sector. The third phase aimed to capitalize the experience from the field and the lessons learned on three layers: local community, county level and central authorities. Results Seven medico-social centres were founded in the rural communities and continued to operate after the project end, serving around 20000 inhabitants, among which around half have medical and/or social vulnerabilities. Lessons Using a bottom up strategy in building medico-social integrated models of care in rural and remote communities is a key premise for the success and sustainability of the model. Key messages Involvement of local actors is essential when trying to increase access to medical and social care for rural, underserved communities. Facilitating access to general health and social protection systems is a key element for sustainability, instead of building new or specific models of services.