Дисертації з теми "Sustainable policy"
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Leach, Barbara Clare. "From policy process to policy impact : policy instruments for sustainable waste management." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368993.
Повний текст джерелаBates, Michael. "Towards a sustainable Canadian immigration policy?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65023.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаReichstein, Andrea. "Sustainable Problems of Development: Does the EU contribute to the sustainable development of Tonga?" Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4104.
Повний текст джерелаFlodin, Frans. "Sustainable ethics in public administration? -Ethical dilemmas in sustainable development policy implementation." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-75551.
Повний текст джерелаReazul, Ahsan S. M. "Sustainable transportation policy for Dhaka city, Bangladesh." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260986.
Повний текст джерелаZhao, Chang S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Sustainable business strategies with policy-driven economies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117444.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-50).
Since 2010, China has put forward ample efforts to liberalize its currency and financial systems to transition into an economy with sustainable growth. However, the severe capital flight in these past two years prompted the government to place capital control regulations on both retail (individual) and institutional investors engaged in cross-border investments. These regulations include temporary halts of various programs such as the Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor Scheme and the Qualified Domestic Limited Partner initially devised to facilitate a smooth capital flow in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone, while promoting new initiatives such as the Stock Connect and One Belt One Road. The action of the government has since stabilized a continuously devaluated Renminbi and increased the alarmingly low level of foreign reserve. On the negative note, however, the regulations also dramatically suppressed the volume of cross-border transactions and subsequently caused changes in Chinese investors' profile, partnership structure and preference for overseas markets. The fast change of the investment dynamics prompts questions including if there is still strong demand for foreign assets by Asian investors, what are the channels to continue to engage with China-based investors and their capital, how to build a sustainable business strategy with a policy-driven economy, and what the potential future risks would be. To answer these questions, it is important to distinguish between channels that are temporally closed but in the long term will continue to play a significant role in liberalizing the Renminbi and channels that are still viable even under the capital control regulations. Hong Kong plays a strategic role in this discussion. This thesis is based on rigorous research combined with an in-depth analysis of the strategies of local market players who have established business relationships with Chinese investors and formed insights into future developments based on the current investment dynamics. The thesis attempts to provide an idea of the gradually changing landscape of global investments and propose more sustainable business strategies with investors domiciled in policy-driven economies such as China's.
by Chang Zhao.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
Jibao, Samuel Sangawulo. "Enhancing sustainable fiscal policy in South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32164.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2013
Economics
unrestricted
Law, Yuk-lan Paris. "Community mobilization in sustainable development /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21042639.
Повний текст джерелаDale, Ann 1948. "Sustainable development : a framework for governance." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35959.
Повний текст джерелаau, mike mouritz@dpi wa gov, and Mike Mouritz. "Sustainable urban water systems : policy and professional praxis." Murdoch University, 1996. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051109.95558.
Повний текст джерелаMouritz, Mike. "Sustainable urban water systems : policy and professional praxis /." Mouritz, Mike (1996) Sustainable urban water systems: policy and professional praxis. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/211/.
Повний текст джерелаMouritz, Michael John. "Sustainable urban water systems: Policy and professional praxis." Thesis, Mouritz, Michael John (1996) Sustainable urban water systems: Policy and professional praxis. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/211/.
Повний текст джерелаDavid, Rebecca Brady. "What Makes Water Policy Sustainable? An Analysis of Water Policy in US Cities." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6647.
Повний текст джерелаHyleen, Mikael, and Johannes Ågren. "Stakeholders, corporate policy and the environment : - a sustainable threesome?" Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1834.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to research environmental factors and their impact among manufacturing companies in Umeå. In order to capture the essence of environmental impacts , two research questions were asked; which environmental factors are considered, and in what context are they evaluated among manufacturing companies in Umeå, and how are stakeholders an implication on corporate environmental efforts for manufacturing companies in Umeå?
First and foremost relevant theories were discovered, using several databases. Second, they were incorporated into a conceptual framework, where their relationship and characteristics were displayed. The theories were then transformed into themes, which became the foundation of the interview guide.
The study was conducted by interviewing six manufacturing companies with more than 10 employees in Umeå. The interviews were semi-structured, and a mixture of telephone interviews and in-person interviews. An analysis of the empirical material was undertaken, by analyzing the data using the theories found during the information search.
Almost all participating companies consider environmental factors in one way or another, according to the findings of this study. Further, the customers were concluded to be the most important stakeholder in leading to environmental reform among the companies. However, other stakeholders were also recognized by the respondents, and had an impact in for the stakeholders’ specific circumstances.
Rayner, Timothy John. "Constructing sustainable transport policy in the UK, 1997-2001." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406923.
Повний текст джерелаFarsari-Zacharaki, Ioanna. "Understanding sustainable tourism policy : conceptual framework and cognitive mapping." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2006. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/937/.
Повний текст джерелаPierrakakis, Kyriakos. "The sustainable growth paradigm : implications for technology and policy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/52757.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-109).
While some scholars continue to insist that the concept of sustainability is vague and unwieldy, this thesis seeks to explore multidimensional elements of sustainability and seeks to offer an integrative, transdisciplinary approach to policy design for its attainment. Sustainability and the related concepts of development, globalization, and economic and environmental justice are interwoven with technological, social and institutional change, and with trade as drivers of the transformation of industrial and industrializing societies. The discussion begins by an analysis of the dominant existing models of economic growth and innovation and advances to the effects of economic growth on sustainability. Included is an analysis of the limits of the GDP growth paradigm, the effects of growth on the developed and the developing world and the relationship between economic growth and ecological collapse. The focus of analysis then shifts from the domestic to the international. Trade and the International Financial System are examined both with respect to their primary theories and characteristics, but also in relation to their effects to sustainability. The discussion is then concluded by an examination of the different policy options and analytical tools that could be employed for a transition to a more sustainable economic model.
by Kyriakos Pierrakakis.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
Söderström, Ulrika. "Contract Archaeology and Sustainable Development : Between Policy and Practice." Licentiate thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77154.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Aining. "The role of geomatics in supporting sustainable development policy-making." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0022/NQ52336.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаChen, W. "Sustainable development in Taiwan : a critical analysis of state policy." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517253.
Повний текст джерелаTang, Yu-Ting. "Investigating sustainable land use : possible implications for brownfield regeneration policy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12380/.
Повний текст джерелаDodds, Rachel. "Barriers to the implementation of sustainable tourism policy in destinations." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417511.
Повний текст джерелаPatel, Zarina. "Rethinking sustainable development : power, policy and practice in South Durban." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423807.
Повний текст джерелаYEO, EMMELINE E.-MAE. "SUSTAINABLE DESIGN POLICY MAKING FOR PUBLIC HIGH-RISES IN SINGAPORE." The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555382.
Повний текст джерелаКотенко, Наталія Вікторівна, Наталия Викторовна Котенко, and Nataliia Viktorivna Kotenko. "The impact of intergovernmental fiscal policy on local sustainable development." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81059.
Повний текст джерелаРассмотрена проблема реформы децентрализации через призму достижения целей устойчивого развития. Определено, что, несмотря на растущий уровень фискальной автономии органов местного самоуправления, значительная доля доходов местных бюджетов продолжает формироваться за счет межбюджетных трансфертов. Проведен анализ состава и структуры фондов, направленных на охрану окружающей среды. Было обнаружено, что у местных органов власти нет финансовых возможностей для финансирования экологических услуг. Рассмотрен мировой опыт применения фискальных экологических трансфертов и определена возможность их внедрения в национальную систему межгосударственного фискального регулирования. Предложены базовые методические подходы к корректировке существующего механизма распределения трансфертного фонда.
The problem of decentralization reform through the prism of achieving sustainable development goals is considered. It is determined that despite the growing level of fiscal autonomy of local governments, a significant share of local budget revenues continues to be formed through intergovernmental transfers. An analysis of the composition and structure of funds directed to environmental protection. It was found that local governments do not have the fiscal capacity to finance environmental services. The world experience of application of fiscal ecological transfers is considered, and the possibility of their introduction into the national system of intergovernmental fiscal regulation is determined. Basic methodological approaches to adjust the existing mechanism of distribution of the transfer fund are proposed.
Maguina, Marco. "Implementing Sustainable Construction Practices in Dubai - a policy instrument assessment." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23598.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Aining Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "The role of geomatics in supporting sustainable development policy-making." Ottawa, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерелаEllis, Louise Alexandra. "The role of multinational corporations in UK sustainable development policy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/773/.
Повний текст джерелаTurner, Karen R. "Modelling the impact of policy and other disturbances on sustainability policy indicators in Jersey : an economic-environmental regional computable general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248751.
Повний текст джерелаEstornell, Paula Haas Charles N. Brulle Robert J. "Sustainable development : which policy process - autocratic or democratic-leads to more durable policy and environmental outcomes?" Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3312.
Повний текст джерелаLindbäck, Isabelle. "Planning for Sustainability : Are sustainable neighbourhoods creating sustainable lifestyles?" Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298537.
Повний текст джерелаLaw, Yuk-lan Paris, and 羅玉蘭. "Community mobilization in sustainable development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259947.
Повний текст джерелаPezzey, John Charles Vincent. "Theoretical essays on sustainability and environmental policy." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/43e46957-cec7-4004-9f38-f3d95eea89a7.
Повний текст джерелаHutsler, Olivia. "Floating Homes| The Truth of Sustainable Integration in Dutch Policy Making." Thesis, The American University of Paris (France), 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13871678.
Повний текст джерелаFloating homes in the Netherlands are presented to consumers as a new sustainable and adaptable technology to climate change. With the rainfall increasing and flood levels rising in the Netherlands, there is a chance that the country can be inhabitable. Many countries throughout the world are adapting sustainable techniques into their public policies to fight off climate change. Sustainable technologies allow for certain countries to move forward with a new market trend in order to keep up with international competition. The Dutch government specifically has a reputation of inertia throughout policy making, but now the Dutch have a new environmentally sustainable technology that has a chance to change the market. That technology is the alternative housing option called a floating home. The combination of a technology marketed as sustainable while surrounding a valued cultural symbol, such as water, is not based on the environmental agenda, but for the public policy makers to gain power over an elite target market by using a specific marketing power.
With the lack of change throughout the Dutch government and culture, there has to be a question of whether this new technology has been introduced as a chance to develop a new social construct within the targeted elite class. In order to better distinguish this answer, thematic interviews were set up to sort out key themes that would help generalize the true meaning of these floating homes. With key points developed from experts in the field, it helped understand analyzation of specific case studies. The results of both interviews and case studies were then blanketed by a theory based on culture, knowledge, and power. The basis of the conclusion is that the floating homes were not necessarily developed for sustainable use like they were advertised for, but were developed to create profits and societal change to gain governmental power that the Netherlands once lacked.
Gunatilake, Sachie. "The uptake and implementation of sustainable construction : transforming policy into practice." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2013. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/9247/.
Повний текст джерелаJohansson, Fredrik. "Towards a sustainable mobility paradigm? An assessment of three policy measures." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Strategiska hållbarhetsstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240630.
Повний текст джерелаTransport och mobilitet är viktiga komponenter i organiseringen och strukturen av människors dagliga aktiviteter. Transportsektorn ger emellertid upphov till stor miljöpåverkan, exempelvis växthusgasutsläpp och markanvändning. Governance av sektorn är komplicerad och det har skett ett skifte från en hierarkisk styrning mot en större delaktighet och samarbete mellan olika aktörer. Givet dessa utmaningar kan det finnas behov av att flytta fokus från att palnera för rörlighet till tillgänglighet samt att ändra planeringsparadigmer. Syftet med avhandlingen är dels att kritiskt undersöka vad ett paradigmskifte skulle kunna innebära i det svenska nationella och kommunala transport-, bostads- och parkeringsplaneringssammanhanget, dels att undersöka hur ett Social Practice Theory ramverk skulle kunna bidra till förståelsen av ett sådant paradigmskifte. För att göra detta har avhandlingen undersökt tre policys som är i linje med ett paradigmskifte. Alla policys som diskuteras i avhandlingen öppnar upp beslutsfattande för olika aktörer eller medborgare. Vidare lyfter alla diskuterade strategier fram behovet av att flytta fokus från fysisk infrastruktur till tillgänglighet och att samarbete mellan olika intressenter är nödvändigt. I varje fall finns dock förhållanden och praktiker som försvårar omställningen. Trafikverket framhåller exempelvis vikten av att minska behovet av att resa och av att använda befintlig infrastruktur mer effektivt, och de menar att dessa åtgärder bör övervägas innan nya infrastrukturinvesteringar. Samtidigt har Trafikverket begränsat mandat att finansiera dessa åtgärder, vilket ger upphov till tvetydiga signaler och frustration bland regionala planerare på Trafikverket. Papper I argumenterar för att ett mer funktionsorienterat mandat skulle kunna underlätta en ett paradigmskifte i linje med en ’sustainable mobility paradigm’. I paper II diskuteras en förändring från miniminorm för parkeringsplatser vid bostäder, där byggherrarna måste bygga minst ett visst antal parkeringsplatser, till flexibla parkeringstal, där antal parkeringsplatser som ska byggas beror på den lokala kontexten och där andra mobilitetstjänster kan ersätta behovet av parkeringsplatser. I detta paper studeras personer som har köpt lägenheter i flerbostadshus med flexibla parkeringstal. Målet är att förstå dessa människors praktiker och hur de använder och uppfattar de mobilitetstjänster som tillhandahålls. I papper III diskuteras möjligheten att använda ett nytt parkeringsverktyg, Parking Benefit Districts, i en europeisk kontext. Parkering Benefit Districts är ett koncept där parkeringsavgifter på gatan införs, höjs eller utökas. Intäkterna från parkeringsavgifterna återförs därefter till det område där de togs ut, och medborgare, eller andra intressenter i området, deltar sedan i beslutet om hur intäkterna ska användas. Syftet med denna åtgärd har traditionellt varit att öka acceptansen för parkeringsavgifter, eftersom parkeringsavgifter på gatan kan anses vara fördelaktiga av planerare, men impopulära bland medborgare och andra intressenter. Paper III nämner i analysen att det inte finns några legala hinder för att genomföra ett Parking Benefit District program i Sverige, men det finns vissa begränsningar för hur intäkterna kan användas. Planerare i Stockholms stad hävdar dock att Sverige inte har den här planeringstraditionen och påpekar att ett sådant åtgärd kanske inte uppfattas som legitim. En annan viktig fråga att diskutera är jämlikhet och deltagande. Det finns en risk att vissa grupper i samhället inte deltar i samma utsträckning och det är därför viktigt att överväga vem som ska involveras samt hur det ska ske. I slutet diskuteras resultaten i relation till forskningsfrågorna. Alla de studerade policys skiftar fokus från fysisk infrastruktur till människors behov. Samtidigt finns det andra planerings praktiker och institutioner som drar samhällsutvecklingen i motsatt riktning. I avhandlingen diskuteras även hur ett Social Practice ramverk kan hjälpa både forskare och beslutsfattare att se de förändringar som behövs för att nå en ’sustainable mobility paradigm’.
QC 20181228
Barata, Eduardo. "Solid waste policy in Portugal : an environmental input output approach." Thesis, Keele University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250423.
Повний текст джерелаFung, Lok-yan Esther, and 馮樂恩. "Developing green building policy in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207608.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Environmental Management
Master
Master of Science in Environmental Management
Lee, Yee-fong Ada, and 李懿芳. "Sustainable development as a modern utopia: aHong Kong case study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31339098.
Повний текст джерелаHassan, Al-Moataz Ahmed Khairy. "Linking environmental policy and urban development strategies : the case of Egypt." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367325.
Повний текст джерелаCox, William Matthew. "Sustaining the city: Understanding the role of energy and carbon dioxide emissions in sustainable development in major metropolitan areas." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52316.
Повний текст джерелаConnelly, Stephen. "Public involvement in Local Agenda 21 : the impact of local authority policy processes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3435/.
Повний текст джерелаHui, Hong-wang, and 許康宏. "Towards a sustainable conservation policy for the rural area in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260263.
Повний текст джерелаWoo, Yoon-Seuk. "Housing renewal, travel response and sustainable urban policy : evidence from Seoul, Korea." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418734.
Повний текст джерелаSingh, Minerva. "Design of a system to support policy formulation for sustainable biofuel production." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:db054d43-6359-45cd-af82-a71abd2b288b.
Повний текст джерелаEriksson, Linnea. "Policy Integration for Sustainable Transport Development : Case Studies of Two Swedish Regions." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema teknik och social förändring, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130781.
Повний текст джерелаFör att beslut och riktlinjer ska kunna utformas så att de leder till lösningar av komplexa frågor, såsom hållbar utveckling, anses de behöva hanteras i samverkan mellan flertalet berörda sektorer och beslutsfattande nivåer. Det är dessa samverkansprocesser, beskrivna som integration under policy processer, som den här avhandlingen analyserar. Syftet är att studera om och hur integrerade regionala policyprocesser förekommer, hur de utvecklas samt deras betydelse för att åstadkomma ett hållbarare transportsystem. Detta undersöks genom kvalitativa fallstudier av två olika svenska regioner som representerar ett minst och ett mest troligt fall av integration av policy. Fallstudierna görs i regionerna Stockholms län och Västra Götalands län. Dessa två fall representerar dessutom två helt olika typer av regionala organisationer, vilket gör att de utgör underlag till, inte bara en diskussion om hållbara transporter, utan också om utvecklingen av den svenska regionala förvaltningsnivån. För analys används teori kring integration av policy och tre huvudsakliga analytiska begreppsansatser: policylogiker, organisationsidentiteter och gränsobjekt. Resultaten presenteras i fyra separata artiklar och dessa diskuteras tillsammans i den inledande kappan. I studien konstateras att integration av policysektorer och förvaltningsnivåer inte nödvändigtvis leder till transportlösningar som är mer hållbara. Beslut om en gemensam policy över sektorer och nivåer riskerar bli urvattnad eftersom det är många aktörer som ska komma överens. Samverkan för att samordna olika mål och intressen visar sig i huvudsak vara viktigt för att styra mot ett hållbart transportsystem, men det innebär inte att gemensam policy bör vara målet. Därutöver belyser studien hur olika organisationsformer på regional nivå påverkar regionala beslutsprocesser och hanteringen av hållbar transportutveckling.
Tembo, Bernard. "Policy options for the sustainable development of the power sector in Zambia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10678.
Повний текст джерелаMany climate change studies project that occurrence of droughts (due to dry years) in Southern Africa will increase; this raises concerns over Zambia's electricity system. Currently, over 99% of Zambia's electricity is supplied by hydropower, which is vulnerable to droughts. With Zambia targeting to be a middle income industrialised country by 2030, it isimportant that the impacts of droughts on the electricity system are understood, and how the system's adaptive capacity can be improved. This is imperative if the system were to enhance economic development. The main focus of this research therefore, was to develop an understanding of how Zambia's electricity system would evolve in different economic and climatic scenarios. A comprehensive electricity model for Zambia was developed after reviewing literature on Zambia's electricity sector and energy planning in a developing country context. A Scenario planning approach was used to model and analyse the electricity system that would be required to meet demand in two climatic scenarios (average and dry year river-flows) and for different economic growth scenarios. The results showed that the supply system has to be increased in order to support economic development. In a dry year scenario, the availability of the hydro technologies reduces significantly and this leads to a considerable increase in the average generation cost of the system. The introduction of renewable energy and coal technologies into the system lessens the impacts of droughts. Carbon emitting technologies such as coal and oil are still viable supply options even with a carbon price of $50 per tonne. Only low and base-case growth scenarios need an explicit diversification policy since least cost policy in the high growth scenario (the middle income growth trajectory) leads to a diverse supply system. Implementing a diversification policy in the high growth scenario increases average generating cost without improving the system's adaptive capacity. The most cost effective way of increasing the system's adaptive capacity is by importing electricity and gradually increasing share of renewable and coal technologies in the system. Further research on how electricity trade in Southern Africa could be enhanced, should be done.
Martínez, Rodríguez David. "Sustainable futures of mobility : Transition narratives for policy design and assessment tools." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210545.
Повний текст джерелаHui, Hong-wang. "Towards a sustainable conservation policy for the rural area in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22284527.
Повний текст джерелаWilliamson, Mark. "Sustainable development of the space environment : a pragmatic approach to policy formulation." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2017. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/7466/.
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