Дисертації з теми "Survival analysis studies"
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Nwi-Mozu, Isaac. "Robustness of Semi-Parametric Survival Model: Simulation Studies and Application to Clinical Data." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3618.
Повний текст джерелаPecková, Monika. "Efficiency based adaptive tests for censored survival data /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9599.
Повний текст джерелаEkman, Mattias. "Studies in health economics : modelling and data analysis of costs and survival." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 2002. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/598.htm.
Повний текст джерелаNan, Bin. "Information bounds and efficient estimates for two-phase designs with lifetime data /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9587.
Повний текст джерелаMolinares, Carlos A. "Parametric and Bayesian Modeling of Reliability and Survival Analysis." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3252.
Повний текст джерелаMcNeil, Alexander John. "Statistical methods in AIDS progression studies with an analysis of the Edinburgh City Hospital Cohort." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307053.
Повний текст джерелаMoayyeri, Alireza. "Risk assessment for osteoporotic fractures among men and women from a prospective population study : the EPIC-Norfolk study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243860.
Повний текст джерелаVizcain, Dorian Charles. "Investigating the Hispanic/Latino Male Dropout Phenomenon: Using Logistic Regression and Survival Analysis." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001322.
Повний текст джерелаNäpänkangas, R. (Ritva). "Fixed metal ceramic prostheses:treatment need, complications and survival of conventional fixed prosthodontics." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514265408.
Повний текст джерелаKelly, Jodie. "Topics in the statistical analysis of positive and survival data." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.
Знайти повний текст джерелаBedair, Khaled Farag Emam. "Statistical Methods for Multi-type Recurrent Event Data Based on Monte Carlo EM Algorithms and Copula Frailties." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64981.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Ukale, Valiant. "Pleurodesis in chronic effusions : studies on inflammatory mediators, respiratory function, predictability of treatment outcome, drug efficiency and survival after treatment /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-031-1/.
Повний текст джерелаKamath, Vidya P. "Enhancing Gene Expression Signatures in Cancer Prediction Models: Understanding and Managing Classification Complexity." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3653.
Повний текст джерелаWao, Hesborn Otieno. "A mixed methods approach to examining factors related to time to attainment of the doctorate in education." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002554.
Повний текст джерелаCong, Chunling. "Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Breast Cancer and Lung Cancer." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3563.
Повний текст джерелаde, Rossiter Cher. "Quality-of-Life Indicators for African American and European American Long-term Survivors of Early-stage Breast Cancer." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/31.
Повний текст джерелаMartel, Guillaume. "Evaluating Surgical Outcomes: A Systematic Comparison of Evidence from Randomized Trials and Observational Studies in Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20534.
Повний текст джерелаDreilich, Martin, Michael Bergqvist, Martin Moberg, Daniel Brattström, Inger Gustavsson, Stefan Bergström, Alkwin Wanders, Patrik Hesselius, Gunnar Wagenius, and Ulf Gyllensten. "High-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) and survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma : a pilot study." Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för onkologi, radiologi och klinisk immunologi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-94408.
Повний текст джерелаDe två första författarna delar förstaförfattarskapet.
Sjöberg, Niklas B. "Eel migration - results from tagging studies with relevance to management." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113829.
Повний текст джерелаAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript.
Begum, Mubeena. "Gene expression profiles and clinical parameters for survival prediction in stage II and III colorectal cancer." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001554.
Повний текст джерелаMoral, Rafael de Andrade. "Statistical modelling of data from insect studies." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11134/tde-06042018-153400/.
Повний текст джерелаDados provenientes de estudos com insetos podem apresentar características diferentes. Respostas univariadas podem ser analisadas utilizando-se modelos lineares generalizados (dados contínuos e discretos), modelos de análise de sobrevivência (dados de tempo até ocorrência de um evento), modelos de efeitos mistos (dados longitudinais), dentre outros métodos. Esses modelos podem ser usados para analisar dados provenientes de experimentos que avaliam processos ecológicos complexos, como competição e predação. Nesse sentido, ferramentas computacionais são úteis para pesquisadores em diversos campos, por exemplo, biologia e fisiologia de insetos, ecologia aplicada e controle biológico. Utilizando diferentes conjuntos de dados entomológicos como motivação, assim como outros tipos de dados para ilustrar os métodos, este trabalho teve como objetivos desenvolver novos modelos e ferramentas para avaliar a qualidade do ajuste. Foram propostos modelos de tempo de vida acelerado mistos, com modelagem simultânea dos parâmetros de locação e de escala com regressores, para analisar dados de tempo até ataque de um experimento que avaliou escolha de predadores. Foram utilizados modelos exponencial, Weibull e Weibull-exponenciado, e a qualidade do ajuste foi avaliada utilizando gráficos meio-normais com envelope de simulação. Esses gráficos são o assunto de um Capítulo inteiro sobre um pacote para o software R, chamado hnp, desenvolvido para implementá-los. Foram utilizados conjuntos de dados de diferentes tipos de experimentos para ilustrar o uso desses gráficos e do pacote. Uma extensão bivariada para os modelos chamados \"N-mixture\" foi proposta para analisar dados longitudinais de contagem para duas espécies pertencentes à mesma teia trófica, que podem interagir direta e indiretamente, e conjuntos de dados provenientes de estudos ecológicos são usados para ilustrar a abordagem. Uma vantagem dessa estratégica de modelagem é a obtenção de um coeficiente de correlação assimétrico, que pode ser utilizado por ecologistas para inferir acerca do grau de associação entre espécies. O pacote jointNmix foi desenvolvido para implemetar o processo de estimação para esses modelos. Finalmente, foi proposta uma ferramenta de avaliação de qualidade do ajuste para modelos bivariados, análoga ao gráfico meio-normal com envelope de simulação, e a metodologia _e ilustrada com dados simulados e dados de competição de insetos. Essa ferramenta está também implementada em um pacote para o R, chamado bivrp. Todo o software desenvolvido nesta tese está disponível, gratuitamente, na Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN).
Josefsson, Andreas. "Prognostic markers in prostate cancer : studies of a watchful waiting cohort with long follow up." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Patologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-50722.
Повний текст джерелаBette, Miriam. "Political tourism? : A critical social analysis on ecotourism and the indigenous struggle in the Ecuadorian Amazons." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Romanska och klassiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-168891.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Franciane Figueiredo da. "Epidemiologia das Leucemias Infantis de 1997 a 2013, São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2019. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6141/tde-27022019-160813/.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children 0-14 years old. Studies show that, in several countries around the world, incidence rates are increasing, or remain stable, and that, on the other hand, mortality rates are decreasing. In developed countries, leukemia is considered a curable disease, with survival rates above 80%. Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of childhood leukemia in the city of São Paulo from 1997 to 2013, analyzing trends in incidence and mortality, and survival rates, according to sex, age group, type of leukemia and administrative region. Methods: Crude and adjusted rates of incidence and mortality were calculated according to sex and age. Polynomial regression models were estimated and the Annual Percentual Change (APC) of the incidence and mortality rates were calculated. It was estimated the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier limit product estimator and the logrank test was used to compare the survival curves. The Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to estimate the hazard ratios of each study variable. Results: A total of 2028 new cases and 660 deaths by leukemias were recorded in children aged 0 to 14 years, in the city of São Paulo, during the period studied. The incidence rate was 49.8 cases per 1 million children and the mortality rate was 15.7 deaths per 1 million children, which most frequent being the acute lymphoid leukemia subtype among males in the age group of 0 to 4 years old, living in the Southeast region of the city of São Paulo. In the period from 1997 to 2013, the incidence rate by leukemia in children in the city of São Paulo decreased (APC = -2.7%). The overall mortality rate remained stable, and decreased to some specific characteristics, such as for males (APC = -1.9%) and for the acute myeloid leukemia subtype (APC = -1.8% ). Survival rates were 86%, 73% and 68%, respectively, after 12, 36 and 60 months, below of those observed in developed countries. Conclusion: The percentages and mortality and incidence rates by leukemia in children in the city of São Paulo are similar to those found in Latin America. The trends of incidence rates differs from that found in most countries and the trends of mortality rates follows the world standard. Leukemia in children is considered a curable disease, but the survival rates found are below of the developed countries. This analysis with data from the population-based cancer registry shows the picture of leukemia in children in the city of São Paulo. These results can be used since the management of the health services, to support future research on the etiology of the disease.
Hultman, Bo. "Clinical and Experimental Studies in Peritoneal Metastases from Gastric Cancer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kolorektalkirurgi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-197776.
Повний текст джерелаStrock, Cynthia Lynn. "The impact of electronic clinical reminders on medication trends and six-month survival after coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the Veterans Healthcare Administration /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаTypescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-91). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
Ahlsson, Anders. "Atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2442.
Повний текст джерелаRezende, Marina Aleixo Diniz. "A fragilidade e sua relação com a mortalidade em idosos de uma comunidade brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-30092016-162423/.
Повний текст джерелаFrailty is a geriatric syndrome of multifactorial cause and is associated with functional decline, dependency, recurrent falls, fractures, institutionalization, hospitalization and death. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of frailty and its association with mortality in older people who live in a Brazilian community in a mean follow-up period of 2055.5 (sd=86.4) days. This is a cohort study conducted in two assessments in the city of Ribeirão Preto, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with a first stage sample of 515 older people in 2007 and 2008, and the second with 262 older people of both genders, aged 65 years and older, who lived in the community. Data were collected by means of home visits, with the use of the following tools: personal information, social profile, self-reported morbidities, Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and mortality. The data were analyzed by means of the SPSS software, where statistical analyses were conducted. Univariate analysis of the data, and absolute(n) and relative(%) frequencies for qualitative variables were used. Measures of central tendency (mean and median), dispersion (standard deviation); paired t-test, chi- squared test, McNemar\'s test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Pearson\'s correlation coefficient, Fisher\'s exact test, relative risk, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were used for quantitative variables. The research project was approved by the Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing Ethics Committee, at University of São Paulo. In the first assessment in 2007 and 2008, 515 older people participated in the study, being 67.4% women, with a mean age of 75.37 years, a higher proportion of married individuals and who had a mean of 5.56 diseases. In 2013, 262 participants were re-evaluated, being most women with a mean age of 79.3 years, with a higher proportion of widowers and a mean of 5.16 diseases. Regarding the evolution of frailty, a significant increase was observed during the follow-up period, with frailty prevalence of 17.6% in 2007 and 2008, and 50.4% in 2013. In the analysis of the scale items, a significant difference was observed between the two assessments as for the cognitive function, hospitalization in the last 12 months, description of the health condition, functional capacity, polypharmacy, urinary incontinence and functional performance. A correlation between education and number of diseases with frailty was also observed, in which, the lower the education level, the higher the frailty score, and the higher the evolution of the number of diseases, the higher the frailty score. Among the older people who died, most were women, with a mean age of 79.18 years, with a higher proportion of widowers and 45.7% frail individuals. The relative risk of death was significantly higher among the oldest individuals and those who did not have partners. When verifying the survival analysis, it was also noted that the proportion of survivors was significantly higher among the older people who did not have partners and those who were not frail. Moreover, considering the Cox regression model, it was verified that age group and frailty were predictors for death. Therefore, recognizing factors that contribute to the evolution of frailty can contribute to improving quality of life, and consequently having a longer life
Soares, Felipe Fagundes. "Desigualdades sociais na sobrevida de câncer de boca e orofaringe em São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-23042018-091300/.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction. There is evidence that social inequality may influence the prognosis of cancer when comparing survival rates according to socioeconomic status, but this has not been studied in Brazil. Aim. To evaluate social inequality in the determination of one, three and five years specific survival of patients diagnosed with oral and oropharyngeal cancer in São Paulo. Methodology. A hospital-based cohort of the research group \"Clinical Genome of Head and Neck Cancer\" (GENCAPO) was used, applying new exclusion criteria. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, selfreported symptoms and clinical conditions characteristics of 1,154 patients, diagnosed with malignancy in the mouth (C00.3-C06) and oropharynx (C09-C10) regions, included from 2001 to 2009 and followed up for five years, were analyzed. Social inequality was measured by schooling and occupation. The cumulative probabilities of one, three, and five years specific survival were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and differences between the survival curves by the log-rank test. Univariate and Multiple Cox Regression allowed to analyze the factors associated with survival - Hazard Ratio (HR) with 95% CI. Results. The accumulated probabilities of one, three and five years specific survival for oral and oropharyngeal cancer were 74.72%, 49.86 and 42.46%, respectively. Low schooling (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03-1.51) and manual work (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.05-1.78) were associated with a lower survival probability at five years in the unadjusted analysis. Dysphagia and breathing difficulties were associated with lower one year specific survival. At three years, it was also observed earache, and at five years, swallowing difficulty. Conclusions. An association among social inequality, lower schooling and manual labor, with the lowest survival at 5 years, was identified. These results were potentially explained by black/brown skin color in the adjusted analysis for demographic characteristics.
Sanders, Carolyn L. "Clinical antecedents of a medical emergency team response as predictors of ICU transfer /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерелаTypescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-107). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
Aliberti, Márlon Juliano Romero. "Avaliação geriátrica compacta de 10 minutos: desenvolvimento e validação de um instrumento de rastreio multidimensional breve para idosos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5169/tde-28022019-085029/.
Повний текст джерелаBACKGROUND: Comprehensive geriatric assessment promotes a systematic screening of the geriatric syndromes and other health problems that commonly affect older adults. This multidimensional instrument has excellent performance to identify high-risk older patients for adverse outcomes. However, limited time and resources hinder its use in busy healthcare settings. OBJECTIVES: To develop and investigate the psychometric properties of a 10-minute targeted geriatric assessment (10-TaGA) designed for older adults in fast-paced healthcare settings. METHODS: A consensus of experts (Delphi technique) comprising 62 geriatrics from all regions of Brazil developed the instrument. We investigated the psychometric properties of 10-TaGA in a prospective cohort study involving 534 acutely ill older outpatients (mean age 79,5 ± 8,4 years; 63% female) consecutively admitted to a day hospital at an academic medical center, in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The 10-TaGA was administered on admission. The Frailty index and Physical Frailty Phenotype were used to explore 10-TaGA\'s validity. We conducted 1-year follow-up by monthly phone contacts to assess the outcomes, which included new dependence in basic activities of daily living (ADL), hospitalization, and death. Hazard models, considering death as a competing event, were used to associate 10-TaGA with the adverse outcomes after adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, race, and income) and Charlson comorbidity index. The interrater reliability and time to complete the instrument were evaluated in a 53-person representative subsample. RESULTS: In three rounds of opinion, experts from 32 institutions achieved consensus that the 10-TaGA should include 10 domains (social support, recent hospitalizations, falls, number of medications, ADL, cognition, self-rated health, depressive symptoms, nutritional status, and gait speed). They arrived at sufficient agreement on specific tools to evaluate each domain. A single numerical score from 0 to 1 expressed the cumulative deficits across the 10 domains and classified participants into three levels: low (0-0.29), medium (0.3-0.39), and high (0.4-1) risk. The 10-TaGA score was highly correlated with the Frailty Index (Spearman coefficient=0.79, 95CI%=0.76-0.82) and had an excellent accuracy to identify frail older adults (area under the ROC curve=0.84, 95%CI=0.81-0.87). Compared to low-risk patients, those classified as medium-risk and high-risk according to 10-TaGA presented a higher incidence of new ADL dependence (33% vs. 13%, sub- HR=2.3, 95%CI=1.3-4.0; 51% vs. 13%, sub-HR=4.1, 95%CI=2.4-6.9, respectively), hospitalization (44% vs. 22%, sub-HR=2.4, 95%CI=1.5-3.9; 51% vs. 22%, sub-HR=3.2, 95%CI=2.0-4.9, respectively) e death (18% vs. 5%, HR=2.9, 95%CI=1.2-7.3; 24% vs. 5%, HR=3.9, 95%CI=1.7-9.3, respectively) during the 1-year follow-up period. The 10-TaGA score had excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.92, 95%CI=0.87-0.95). Mean time to administer the instrument was 9.5 ± 2.2 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: The study presents robust evidence supporting 10-TaGA\'s validity and reliability. This brief multidomain screener tool may be a practical and efficient approach to identify geriatric syndromes, predict adverse outcomes, and guide the care of older adults in healthcare settings where providers have limited time and resources
Lamarca, Casado Rosa. "Gender diferences in the association between disability and mortality in the elderly." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7097.
Повний текст джерелаLa discapacitat va evolucionar al llarg del temps empitjorant amb l'edat, però una proporció no menyspreable va ser capaç de recuperar-se. Es van observar diferències per gènere en l'evolució de la discapacitat: les dones tenien més dificultats en recuperar la seva capacitat funcional un cop esdevenien discapacitades. La força de l'associació entre la discapacitat i la mortalitat disminuia a edats avançades. Es van trobar diferencies per sexe: les dones depenents mostraven un risc de morir més alt que el homes depenents.
Polítiques de salut dirigides a dones discapacitades haurien de ser implementades degut a la proporció més elevada de dones discapacitades, la probabilitat menor que tenen de recuperar la capacitat funcional, i el risc de morir més elevat que presenten comparat amb homes dicapacitats.
This thesis evaluates the existence of gender differences in the relationship between disability and mortality, as well as methodological aspects of the survival analysis for elderly studies. Data from a cohort of 1,315 subjects aged 65 years and older followed-up 8 years was used. Disability was assessed by self-reported difficulty to perform basic activities of daily living.
Disability evolved over time worsening with age, but a non-negligible proportion was able to recover. There were gender differences in the evolution of disability: women were less able to regain functional capacity once they become disabled. The strength of the association between disability and mortality decreased in the older ages. But differences by gender were found: dependent elderly women showed a higher risk of dying compared to dependent men.
Health policies focusing on disabled women should be implemented, due to the higher proportion of disabled women, the lower probability of regaining functional capacity, and their higher risk of dying compared to disabled men.
Furuya, Tatiane Katsue. "Associação entre polimorfismos em genes relacionados à resposta inflamatória e a suscetibilidade, progressão e prognóstico do câncer gástrico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-11052017-083936/.
Повний текст джерелаINTRODUCTION: The chronic inflammatory microenvironment in the stomach has been described as a critical component for both tumor initiation and progression. Furthermore, genetic variants have shown to influence the interindividual variations in the inflammatory response. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether polymorphisms in inflammatory response related-genes were associated with risk for gastric tumor development, clinical outcomes, overall and disease free survival of this disease in a Brazilian population sample. METHODS: Sixteen selected genetic variants in eleven genes (COX-2, OGG1, TNFB, TNFA, HSPA1L, HSPA1B, VEGFA, IL17F, LGALS3, PHB and TP53) were genotyped in 262 control individuals and 178 gastric cancer patients. Genetic association analyses were investigated in different models (Genotype, Allele, Dominant and Recessive) in both total sample (N=178) and stratified for the diffuse histological subtype based on Lauren´s classification (N=112). We also calculated the linkage disequilibrium among the polymorphisms and the haplotype associations were carried out using Haploview and PLINK softwares. RESULTS: In the case-control study, rs1042522 (TP53) Pro allele carriers presented about 2-fold higher risk for developing gastric cancer in a multivariate analysis and this association was even stronger when analyzing only cases with the diffuse subtype. On the other hand, the presence of A allele of rs699947 (VEGFA) was associated with a protection for developing gastric cancer. About the significant associations detected with the clinicopathological features, we found that rs689466 (COX-2); rs1052133 (OGG1); rs699947, rs833061 and rs2010963 (VEGFA); rs4644 (LGALS3) and rs1042522 (TP53) were able to predict outcomes associated with a worse progression of the disease while rs5275 (COX-2); rs2227956 (HSPA1L) and rs3025039 (VEGFA) were associated with better outcomes in the total sample. We also observed that the polymorphism rs909253 (TNFB) was able to predict a better outcome only for the individuals diagnosed with the diffuse subtype. Additionally, regarding the impact on the survival curves, rs909253 (TNFB) was associated with a better prognosis when analyzing both the overall and disease-free survivals while rs4644 (LGALS3) His allele carriers presented a worse prognosis with shorter disease-free survival. Finally, concerning the haplotype associations, we found that CTC haplotype (composed by rs699947, rs833061 and rs2010963 of VEGFA) showed an association with gastric malignancy. We also observed associations between GG haplotype (TNFB/TNFA) and perineural invasion; ACG haplotype (VEGFA) and venous vascular invasion; CTC haplotype (VEGFA) and invasion to other organs and GT haplotype (rs689466 and rs5275 of COX-2 gene) and the intestinal histologic subtype. CONCLUSIONS: These results helped us to clarify the potential role of these polymorphisms in genes involved in the modulation of the inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of gastric malignancy, highlighting that the host genetic variants act together with other factors to influence in the susceptibility, progression and prognosis of gastric cancer
Etzel, Arnaldo. "Estudo das infecções pelo HTLV-I e pelo HTLV-II como fatores prognósticos em uma coorte de portadores do HIV acompanhados em Santos-SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-07102014-091147/.
Повний текст джерелаHuman retroviruses include the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and also the human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I (HTLV-I) and II (HTLV-II), which can cause lymphoproliferative and/or neurodegenerative diseases. The three retroviruses present similar transmission patterns and share common risk factors resulting in overlap of exposed populations. Although these retroviruses are all lymphotropic, HIV has a high replication rate and induces cell death throughout the course of infection, whereas HTLV-I and HTLV-II can cause cell proliferation and occasionally cell transformation. HTLV-I and HTLV-II effects on the immune system and their interference in the progression of AIDS is a matter of great interest and still controversial. In vitro studies suggest that HTLV-I and HTLV-II may increase the replication and expression of HIV. Clinical epidemiologic studies indicate possible effects of simultaneous infections by HIV and HTLV-I or HTLV-II on the progression of AIDS. In a previous study, carried out among HIV-positive patients treated at an AIDS center in Santos - SP (Centro de Referência em AIDS de Santos), a seroprevalence of 6.0% for HTLV-I and of 7.4% for HTLV-II infections was observed, what enables further investigation on a possible modification in the progression of HIV disease in co-infected patients. This study was carried out with a retrospective cohort design, aimed at evaluating the survival time of HIV-positive patients in the studied group and its association with HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections, as well as with other prognostic factors and progression markers. Four hundred and ninety-five patients were monitored between 1997 and 2002. In this period, in a total of 23,031.5 patients/month, 145 AIDS related deaths were reported. Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model showed AIDS to be associated in the studied group with the following variables: black race (adjusted HR 1.50 - 95% CI 1.03-2.17), less than three-year education (adjusted HR 1.90 - 95% CI 1.12-3.25), less than 200 CD4+ baseline cells/mm3 (adjusted HR 4.44 - 95% CI 2.70-7.31), CDC classification B or C at study onset (adjusted HR 3.63 - 95% CI 1.54-8.56), anti-HTLV-I seropositivity (adjusted HR 1.95 - 95% CI 1.08-3.52), anti-HCV seropositivity (adjusted HR 1.76 - 95% CI 1.20-2.60), use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in less than 50% of follow-up (adjusted HR 2.36 - 95% CI 1.61-3.45). There was no significant association with anti-HTLV-II seropositivity. This study provides further evidence that HTLV-I infection is a prognostic factor leading to reduced survival time of HIV-infected individuals
Salomonsson, Lovisa. "Like an Oak Tree He Survived : An Analysis of Masculinity Norms in Post-War Namibia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402760.
Повний текст джерелаOhlsson, Catharina. "Den ansiktslösa rösten : Analyser av Jenny Holzers verk och en studie i den konsthistoriska bilden av henne." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Humanities (HUM), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1238.
Повний текст джерелаDenna uppsats tittar närmare på fyra verk av Jenny Holzer. Hennes konstnärskap jämförs även med Guerilla Girls. Huvudmetoden utgörs av bildanalyser och jag presenterar också tolkningsmöjligheter utifrån ett genusperspektiv. Utöver detta har jag med en konsthistoriografisk undersökning fått fram hur den generella bilden av Holzer ser ut.
Mesquita, Pablo Girardelli Mendonça. "Análise da sobrevida do paciente e do enxerto de diabéticos submetidos a diferentes modalidades de transplante." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-20022014-110532/.
Повний текст джерелаDiabetes mellitus is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in several countries around the world. For diabetic patients with stage 5 CKD with an indication of renal replacement therapy, renal transplantation is a therapeutic modality with well-established technique and with excellent results. The simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation (SPK), a more recent modality of treatment, performed in a limited number of centers, presents additional positive results in metabolic control, quality of life, and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, it is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications and a higher number of hospitalizations. Both renal and SPK transplantation are associated with better patient survival outcomes compared to dialysis. The choice of the best modality of transplantation for diabetic patients with CKD is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to analyze the results of different modalities of transplant for diabetic patients with CKD stage 5, performed in 3 Brazilian Transplant Centers. More specifically, the aim of this study was to analyze the patient and graft survival after 1, 5, and 8 years post-transplantation in type 1 DM patients submitted to SPK compared with diabetic patients submitted to isolated kidney transplant with living donor (DM1-LD) or deceased donor (DM1-DD) (Study of 3 Tx (transplant) modalities in type 1 DM). In addition, the aim of this study was also to evaluate the results of renal transplantation in type 2 DM performed with living donor (DM2-LD) or deceased donor (DM2-DD) compared with kidney transplantation in type 1 DM performed with living donor (DM2-LD) or deceased donor (DM2-DD) (Study of Tx in type 2 DM vs. type 1 DM). The transplants were performed in 3 Transplant Centers (Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa, Hospital do Rim, and Santa Casa de Porto Alegre). In the \"Study of 3 transplant modalities in type 1 DM\", 372 recipients were included, (262 SPK, 78 DM1-LD, and 32 DM1-DD). In the \"Study of Tx in type 2 DM vs. type 1 DM\", 254 transplants were included, 78 DM1-LD, 32 DM1-DD, 61 DM2-LD, 83 DM2-DD. Patient and graft survival distribution estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method in the 1, 5 and 8 years post-transplantation. In the \"Study of 3 transplant Tx modalities in type 1 DM\", the patient survival of DM1-LD recipients was significantly higher compared with the survival of DM1-DD and SPK at 1 year (98.7%, 87.5% and 83.2%, respectively; p < 0.05), and at 5 years post-transplantation (90.5%, 70% and 77%, respectively; p < 0.05). After 8 years, there was no significant difference between the survival of patients in group DM1-LD and SPK. The kidney graft survival was higher in DM1-LD, at 1 year, compared with survival of DM1-DD and SPK (96.2%, 84.4% and 80.8%, respectively; p < 0.05). After 5 and 8 years, the kidney graft survival was similar between the groups. There were 90 deaths during the study period and infection (50%) and cardiovascular disease (22%) were the major causes. Death with a functioning graft and chronic allograft nephropathy were the main causes of kidney graft loss. In the \"Study of Tx in type 2 DM vs. type 1 DM\", type 1 DM patients were younger compared to type 2 DM patients (median 37.5 and 55 years, respectively; p < 0.0001). Recipients of deceased donor remained longer time on dialysis before transplantation (median 36 months in DM1-DD, and 36 in DM2-DD) compared with patients transplanted with living donor (median 14 months in DM1-LD and 18 months in DM2-LD, p < 0.0001). In type 2 DM, patient survival at 1, 5 and 8 years in the group DM2-LD was 95.1%, 87.9%, and 81.8, respectively, significantly higher than patient survival in DM2-DD recipients (74.7, 59,4, and 48.5; respectively, p < 0.01). In type 1 DM, patient survival at 1, 5 and 8 years in the group DM1-LD was 98.7%, 90.5% and 82.1%, respectively, significantly higher than patient survival in DM1-DD recipients ( 87.5%, 70%, and 48.5%; respectively, p < 0.01). The comparison between patient survival with type 2 DM and type 1 DM undergoing kidney transplantation with the same type of donor, was not statistically different between the groups. Patient survival in group DM2-LD and DM1-LD was not different. Patient survival in the group DM2-DD was inferior to the group DM1-DD but without significant differences. In type 2 DM, kidney survival at 1, 5 and 8 years in the group DM2-LD was 91.8%, 81 2%, and 75.3%, respectively, significantly higher than patient survival in DM2-DD recipients (73.5%, 54.9%, and 44.3%, respectively, p < 0.01). In type 1 DM, kidney survival at 1, 5 and 8 years in the group DM1-LD was 96.1%, 80.8%, and 72.3%,, respectively, significantly higher than patient survival in DM1-DD recipients (84.4%, 66.8%, and 59.3%, respectively, p < 0.01) only in the first year. In these patients the kidney graft survival was superior in the group DM2-LD compared with DM2-DD. In type 1 DM patients kidney graft survival was 96.1%, 80.8% and 72.3% in patients DM1-LD; 84.4%, 66.8% and 59.3% in patients DM1-DD (p < 0.01); respectively. There were 52 deaths in the group of type 2 DM patients. Infection was the main cause of death in the group DM2-DD, and cardiovascular disease was the main cause in DM2-LD. There were 23 deaths in the group of type 1 DM patients and the main cause was infection in the group DM1-DD and cardiovascular disease in the group DM1-LD. The main cause of kidney graft loss was death with a functioning graft (74%), followed by chronic allograft nephropathy (15%). Patients in group DM2-LD showed good survival rates, particularly in the first year. Conclusion: The \"Study of 3 transplant modalities in type 1 DM\" showed better patient and graft survival with isolated kidney transplantation with living donor compared with others transplant modalities. However, at longer follow up (8 years), survival of patients undergoing living donor kidney transplantation was not statistically different to SPK. In the \"Study of Tx in type 2 DM vs. type 1 DM\", renal transplantation performed with living donor is a good option of renal replacement therapy for type 2 DM. The results observed in this analysis discourage the indication of kidney transplantation with deceased donor for patients with type 2 DM, which should be indicated in selected cases
Stacey, Bibi. "Can minority languages survive around English? : An investigation into family language policy in the UK." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144461.
Повний текст джерелаGranberg, Hannes, and Linn Johansson. "”Men tydligast minns jag den hand som räddade mig” : En studie om journalistikens Estoniahjältar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70117.
Повний текст джерелаPersson, Daniel, and Johannes Ahlström. "Går det att prediktera konkurs i svenska aktiebolag? : En kvantitativ studie om hur finansiella nyckeltal kan användas vid konkursprediktion." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119867.
Повний текст джерелаFrom the early 1900s, banks and lending institutions have used financial ratios as an aid in the assessment and quantification of credit risk. For today's investors the economic environment is far more complicated than 40 years ago when the technology and computerization opened up the world's markets. Credit risk assessment today requires effective analysis of quantitative data and models that can predict risks with good accuracy. During the second half of the 20th century there was a rapid development of the tools used for bankruptcy prediction. We moved from simple univariate models to complex data mining models with thousands of observations. This study investigates if it’s possible to predict bankruptcy in Swedish limited companies and which variables contain information relevant for this cause. The methods used in the study are discriminant analysis, logistic regression and survival analysis on 50 active and 50 failed companies. The results indicate accuracy between 67.5 % and 75 % depending on the choice of statistical method. Regardless of the selected statistical method used, it’s possible to classify companies as bankrupt two years before the bankruptcy occurs using financial ratios which measures profitability and solvency. Societal costs are reduced by better bankruptcy prediction using financial ratios which contribute to increasing the ability of companies to apply financial management with relevant key ratios in the form of stock , retained earnings , net income and operating income.
Hamy, Anne-Sophie. "Identification of Factors Predicting Sensitivity or Resistance to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant treatment : the future of patients with breast cancer Neoadjuvant treatment for intermediate/high-risk HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancers: no longer an “option” but an ethical obligation Long-term outcome of the REMAGUS 02 trial, a multicenter randomised phase II trial in locally advanced breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without celecoxib or trastuzumab according to HER2 status BIRC5 (survivin) : a pejorative prognostic marker in stage II/III breast cancer with no response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy Beyond Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis, BMI and Menopausal Status Are Prognostic Determinants for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pathological complete response and prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancers before and after trastuzumab era: results from a real-life cohort The presence of an in situ component on pre-treatment biopsy is not associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer Chemosensitivity, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and survival of postpartum PABC patients treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy Lymphovascular invasion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is strongly associated with poor prognosis in breast carcinoma New insight for pharmacogenomics studies from the transcriptional analysis of two large-scale cancer cell line panels Biological network-driven gene selection identifies a stromal immune module as a key determinant of triple-negative breast carcinoma prognosis A Stromal Immune Module Correlated with the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Prognosis and Lymphocyte Infiltration in HER2-Positive Breast Carcinoma Is Inversely Correlated with Hormonal Pathways Stromal lymphocyte infiltration after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with aggressive residual disease and lower disease-free survival in HER2-positive breast cancer Interaction between molecular subtypes, stromal immune infiltration before and after treatment in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy COX2/PTGS2 Expression Is Predictive of Response to Neoadjuvant Celecoxib in HER2-negative Breast Cancer Patients Celecoxib With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Might Worsen Outcomes Differentially by COX-2 Expression and ER Status: Exploratory Analysis of the REMAGUS02 Trial Comedications influence immune infiltration and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS129.
Повний текст джерелаNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC i.e. chemotherapy before surgery) is increasingly being used for aggressive or locally advanced breast cancer (BCs). Beyond clinical benefits, it represents an opportunity to monitor in vivo sensitivity to treatment. Based on the analysis of datasets of BCs patients treated with NAC, we aimed at identifying mechanisms associated with resistance or sensitivity to treatment.In the first part, we evaluated biological, clinical, pathological and transcriptomic patterns. We demonstrated that unexplored pathological features such as post-NAC lymphovascular invasion may carried an important prognostic information.In a second part, we analyzed impact of imune infiltration in BC and we described extensively the changes of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) between pre and post-NAC samples. We showed that the prognostic impact of TILs was different before and after NAC, and was opposite in TNBC and HER2-positive BCs. Finally, we investigated the impact of comedications use during NAC. We found both positive effects - while enhancing immune infiltration and response to treatment - and negative effects with deleterisous oncologic outcomes in specific patients subgroups. In conclusion, the neoadjuvant setting represents a platform to both generate and potentially validate research hypotheses aiming at increasing the efficacy of treatment. The public release of real-life datasets of BC patients treated with NAC would represent a major resource to accelerate BC research
Tavares, Lucas Alves. "O envolvimento da proteína adaptadora 1 (AP-1) no mecanismo de regulação negativa do receptor CD4 por Nef de HIV-1." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17136/tde-06012017-113215/.
Повний текст джерелаThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the etiologic agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a disease which has a global distribution, and it is estimated that there are currently at least 36.9 million people infected with the virus. During the replication cycle, HIV promotes several changes in the physiology of the host cell to promote their survival and enhance replication. The fast progression of HIV-1 in humans and animal models is closely linked to the function of an accessory protein Nef. Among several actions of Nef, one is the most important is the down-regulation of proteins from the immune response, such as the CD4 receptor. It is known that this action causes CD4 degradation in lysosome, but the molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Nef forms a tripartite complex with the cytosolic tail of the CD4 and adapter protein 2 (AP-2) in clathrin-coated vesicles, inducing CD4 internalization and lysosome degradation. Previous research has demonstrated that CD4 target to lysosomes by Nef involves targeting of this receptor to multivesicular bodies (MVBs) pathway by an atypical mechanism because, although not need charging ubiquitination, depends on the proteins from ESCRTs (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) machinery and the action of Alix, an accessory protein ESCRT machinery. It has been reported that Nef interacts with subunits of AP- 1, AP-2, AP-3 complexes and Nef does not appear to interact with AP-4 and AP-5 subunits. However, the role of Nef interaction with AP-1 or AP-3 in CD4 down-regulation is poorly understood. Furthermore, AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 are potentially heterogeneous due to the existence of multiple subunits isoforms encoded by different genes. However, there are few studies to demonstrate if the different combinations of APs isoforms are form and if they have distinct functional properties. This study aim to identify and characterize cellular factors involved on CD4 down-modulation induced by Nef from HIV-1. More specifically, this study aimed to characterize the involvement of AP-1 complex in the down-regulation of CD4 by Nef HIV-1 through the functional study of the two isoforms of ?-adaptins, AP-1 subunits. By pull-down technique, we showed that Nef is able to interact with ?2. In addition, our data from immunoblots indicated that ?2- adaptin, not ?1-adaptin, is required in Nef-mediated targeting of CD4 to lysosomes and the ?2 participation in this process is conserved by Nef from different viral strains. Furthermore, by flow cytometry assay, ?2 depletion, but not ?1 depletion, compromises the reduction of surface CD4 levels induced by Nef. Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis also revealed that ?2 depletion impairs the redistribution of CD4 by Nef to juxtanuclear region, resulting in CD4 accumulation in primary endosomes. Knockdown of ?1A, another subunit of AP-1, resulted in decreased cellular levels of ?1 and ?2 and, compromising the efficient CD4 degradation by Nef. Moreover, upon artificially stabilizing ESCRT-I in early endosomes, via overexpression of HRS, internalized CD4 accumulates in enlarged HRS-GFP positive endosomes, where co-localize with ?2. Together, the results indicate that ?2-adaptin is a molecule that is essential for CD4 targeting by Nef to ESCRT/MVB pathway, being an important protein in the endo-lysosomal system. Furthermore, the results indicate that ?-adaptins isoforms not only have different functions, but also seem to compose AP-1 complex with distinct cell functions, and only the AP-1 variant comprising ?2, but not ?1, acts in the CD4 down-regulation induced by Nef. These studies contribute to a better understanding on the molecular mechanisms involved in Nef activities, which may also help to improve the understanding of the HIV pathogenesis and the related syndrome. In addition, this work contributes with the understanding of primordial process regulation on intracellular trafficking of transmembrane proteins.
Tsai, Chin-Chih, and 蔡金池. "Stability Analysis Of Broccoli And Black Rot Survival Studies By PCR Detection." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67634090832552718266.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
園藝暨景觀學系
103
Broccoli, an important domestic vegetable crop adapts to cool climate. Heat stress will affect its appearance, yield and quality. Due to the summer high temperature broccoli can not be produced in domestic. In recent years, many breeders bred domestic heat tolerant varieties, which have good stability in high-temperature environment. Those varieties maintain crop traits better at high temperature. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stability of heat-tolerant broccoli varieties with traits or not, through the collection of six heat-resistant varieties with an existing commercial varieties of broccoli, field trials in three different seasons. Including a tip bud microscopic observation experiments . Trials were RCB designed, plots area is divided into four blocks, each block 12 samples, the line spacing is 60cm * 60cm. Head traits were recorded, including head weight, head diameter, stem diameter, bracteal leaf, projecting leaf, head shape, flatness, Days from transplant to harvest.In Summer trials ''excellent'' stagnanted, no head production, late curd initiation, decrease of yield and quality occurred in other varieties. In the yield of summer, ''Tsinghua III'', ''AV515'', ''AV530'' are significantly more. And the effects of seasonal and variety have a certain interaction, choosing seasonal varieties gets high yield. The resistant for decrease in quality of ''AV515'', ''AV530'' is not as good as ''B35'', ''B45'' and ''Tsinghua III''. Gene effect in head shape and flatness is much more than climate effect and their interaction. To pursue good head shape and flatness must choose varieties with good genes. Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris cause black rot of cruciferous vegetables is a worldwide disease. Bacteria survival in seeds. Produce healthy seed is the key strategies to prevent and control black rot, also to maintain the quality of broccoli production. So the detection of this pathogen can ensure the maintenance of healthy seed . Trials testing different annual production of broccoli seeds, obtained electrophoresis graph by PCR, using the specificity primer. And use the dish to observe the appearance of colonies. The results showed that the annual production of 2011 contaminated seed and consistent with the observation of the colony appearance. And there is no specific relationship between black rot with the annual detection rate and soaking temperature, because PCR detection of nucleic acid fragments, whether the object is whether the survival of bacteria will be detected, but the temperature can affect the degree of adhesion of the bacteria surviving rate.
Hsu, Wei-Chih, and 許維志. "Prevalence、Incidence and Survival Analysis of Somatic andAutonomic Diabetic Neuropathy in Community-Based Studies." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05677998460029469851.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
預防醫學研究所
97
Background: Because the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, the diabetes-related complications, including macrovascular and microvascular complications, lead to significant medical and economic burdens to patients, their families and whole society. Therefore, early detection and identification of complications among diabetic patients in community and intervention for modification of risk factors are important. Regarding to microvascular complications, the epidemiological studies of neuropathy have been rarely addressed in the literature. Purpose: This thesis aimed to conduct a series of community- based epidemiological studies for diabetic neuropathies, including somatic sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy. These studies encompassed prevalence rate, incidence rate, important correlates affecting the occurrence of neuropathies and the sequel to mortality, survival analysis and computer simulation of diabetic neuropathies in the community setting. Materials and Methods: Patients enrolled in this thesis were from two community-based integrated screening programs in Keelung and Matsu. The Keelung cohort included a large numbers of participants, so a two-stage design was performed for identifying subjects with diabetic neuropathy. The first step in the two-stage study design used the Neurological Symptom Score (NSS) questionnaire to identify positive cases. These positive cases were further confirmed by nerve conduction tests in the second stage. A validation study was conducted for detecting the sensitivity, specificity of questionnaire. Another 587 diabetics were selected for main study. Subjects who screened positive in the first stage were referred to nerve conduction test for confirmation. Potential risk factors were assessed, including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, body mass index, retinopathy, age, sex, diabetic duration, total cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin and life styles. The second cohort, Matsu, is a small community. Therefore, all potential subjects with somatic sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy were investigated. The somatic neuropathy was diagnosed by nerve conduction tests and the autonomic neuropathy was confirmed by 5-min resting electrocardiograph for heart rate variability. This thesis consists of :(1)investigating prevalence of somatic and autonomic neuropathy at Matsu cohort; besides, Bayesian analysis, using validation data and publications data as prior, was employed to estimate the prevalence rate; (2)incidence rate of diabetic neuropathy was estimated from those who were found to be free of diabetic neuropathy at screening programs in 2001. Information about the time and diagnosis of peripheral nerve disorders at outpatient clinics after screen activity was obtained till the end of 2004 from National Health Insurance;(3)correlates of somatic and autonomic neuropathy were investigated;(4)survival analysis was performed on 708 diabetic patients and 326 diabetic patients who accepted nerve conduction study in 2001. Those patients were linked to National Health Insurance till the end of 2006, information of date and cause of death can be gathered for deceased. Kaplan-Meier test was done by the presence of somatic neuropathy or not. Important correlates and life styles for predicting all-cause and diabetes-related mortality were also studied;(5)Monte-Carlo simulation was used to predict the disease burden. The disease course of the 1000 patients in 10 years was randomly assigned. Results: (1)A number of 143 persons was found to have high fasting plasma glucose (>110 mg/dl) or with past history of type 2 diabetes in Matsu cohort. For 133 subjects who accepted NCS, 12 subjects (12/133=9.0%) were categorized into definite somatic neuropathy, 27 subjects 27/133=20.3%) were probable somatic neuropathy and 94 subjects (94/133=70.7%) were classified as no somatic neuropathy. Among 118 subjects who completed validated heart rate variability test, results of SDNN consist of : 17(17/118=14.4%)diabetics was categorized into low SDNN level, 64 (54.2%) patients were middle SDNN and 37(31.4%)patients were high SDNN level. (2) Among of the 326 diabetic patients who accepted nerve conduction study, 218 patients were classified as no somatic neuropathy in 2001. After linking to outpatient clinics dataset of National Health Insurance, 28 subjects were diagnosed as having peripheral nerve disorders till the end of 2004. Three of these 218 patients died, and 160 patients remained asymptomatic for peripheral neuropathy. Besides, a number of 27 had diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesion already before the screening date. The incidence rate of diabetic neuropathy was 4.8 per hundred person years. After adjusted for the 27 already existed cases before screening among 218 cases, the incidence rate was 5.5 per hundred person years. Because prevalence rate of diabetic neuropathy was 28.46~36.30%, the duration of developing symptomatic diabetic neuropathy was 7.2-10.3 years.(3)Correlates associated with somatic sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathies in pre-diabetic and diabetic subjects are different. In multivariate analysis, systolic blood pressure (OR=1.07 ; 95% CI=1.00-1.14) and fasting blood glucose (OR=1.07; 95% CI=1.03-1.11) accounted for somatic sensorimotor neuropathies where as no significant factors were found in autonomic neuropathy group. A total of 93 subjects died among 708 diabetic patients after 5-year follow up. Among these 708 diabetic patients, 326 patients who accepted nerve conduction study for screening somatic neuropathy, a total of 44 patients died. The statistically significant correlates for all-cause mortality in 93 deceased were: age(HR=1.06),male sex(HR=0.38),BMI(HR=0.90),BUN (HR=0.92),creatinine(HR=6.92),prior cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases(HR=2.25)in multivariate analysis. For diabetes-related death, the statistically significant correlates were: age(HR=1.06),creatinine level(HR=7.97),prior cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases (HR=2.99). Targeting the 326 subjects with nerve conduction tests, diabetic neuropathy is the strongest predictor for all cause mortality and the second strongest predictor for diabetes-related mortality, next to prior cardio-/cerebrovascular disease in univariate analysis. In selected model, presence of diabetic neuropathy (HR=4.38), fasting glucose(HR=1.01) and creatinine level (HR=13.23)and serum cholesterol(HR=0.99) remained statistically significant for all-cause mortality. For disease-related mortality, presence of neuropathy(HR=5.69), fasting glucose(HR=1.01), hemoglobin(HR=0.70), serum BUN (HR=0.84)and creatinine(HR=26.99) levels are statistically significant. (4)Kaplan-Meier curves during the 5 years of follow up showed that diabetic neuropathy was a statistically significant factor for all-cause (p<0.001)and diabetes-related mortality(p<0.001)by log-rank test. (5)By simulated cohort, 59.7% of diabetic patients will progress to somatic neuropathy after 10-year follow up. For patients with somatic neuropathy, 14.7% of diabetic patient will die of diabetes-related causes and 9.2% of these will die of non-diabetes related causes. For patients without somatic neuropathy, 3% of these will die of diabetes-related causes and also 3% will die of non-diabetes related causes. . Conclusion: The present thesis provided an insight into estimating the prevalence rates, incidence rate, survival analysis, important correlates and medical burdens of diabetic neuropathy, including both types of somatic sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathies, by using a population-based screening program. We finds that the prevalence rates of somatic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes were approximate 30% in Keeling and Matsu community and autonomic neuropathy even doubled this figure. The incidence rate of developing diabetic neuropathy was 4.8-5.5 per hundred-person years. Correlates of both types of neuropathy and for predicting mortality were different. Somatic neuropathy is an independent risk factor for all-cause and diabetes-related mortality. After 10-years’ time in simulation study, prevalence rate of somatic neuropathy will be doubled among diabetic patients. The high prevalence rate will cause great medical and economic burdens on patient, family and whole society. Prevention of diabetic complications, and diabetic neuropathy in particular, were dependent on early detection, monitor and control blood sugar strictly and modification of life style in these vulnerable subjects. Screening programs for diabetic neuropathy, including cost-effective and cost-benefit analysis, should be carried out in the future for identifying the benefits in public health.
Borges, Higor. "Marginal bone loss and survival rate of clinical studies with zirconia dental implants : systematic review and meta-analysis." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/28471.
Повний текст джерелаPurpose: To evaluate cumulative survival rate and peri-implant marginal bone loss of zirconia dental implants subjected to a follow-up of at least 12 months after prosthetic rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A systematic electronic search through the databases PubMed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE was performed by two independent reviewers to identify clinical studies published between January 2005 and April 2019 with a minimum of 10 patients and 12 months of follow-up after functional loading. References from the selected articles were manually reviewed for further studies. Results: From the initial 1225 articles retrieved, only 19 met all the inclusion criteria. The marginal bone remodelling accounted mean losses of 0.8 mm (95% CI 0.60-1.00 mm) and 1.01 mm (95% CI 0.72-1.29 mm) at 1-year and after 2-year post-loading respectively. Failure rate of 6.8% was calculated for a mean follow-up period of 2.75 years, where the prevalence of early failure, late failure and implant fracture was 3.4%, 1.7% and 1.7% respectively. The meta-analysis regarding the survival rate of one- and two-piece zirconia dental implants was not possible due to the lack of information about confidential interval or standard deviation on most of the included articles. Conclusion: Zirconia implants presented values comparable to titanium implants with respect to marginal bone loss at short-term observation periods following prosthetic delivery. However, more long-term well-designed clinical studies are required before giving the recommendation on the adoption of zirconia implants in daily practice.
Himali, Jayandra Jung. "Effect of selection of censoring times on survival analysis estimation of disease incidence and association with risk factors." Thesis, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/13660.
Повний текст джерела"Bootstrap distribution for testing a change in the cox proportional hazard model." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890302.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-43).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Basic Concepts --- p.9
Chapter 1.1 --- Survival data --- p.9
Chapter 1.1.1 --- An example --- p.9
Chapter 1.2 --- Some important functions --- p.11
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Survival function --- p.12
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Hazard function --- p.12
Chapter 1.3 --- Cox Proportional Hazards Model --- p.13
Chapter 1.3.1 --- A special case --- p.14
Chapter 1.3.2 --- An example (continued) --- p.15
Chapter 1.4 --- Extension of the Cox Proportional Hazards Model --- p.16
Chapter 1.5 --- Bootstrap --- p.17
Chapter 2 --- A New Method --- p.19
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.19
Chapter 2.2 --- Definition of the test --- p.20
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Our test statistic --- p.20
Chapter 2.2.2 --- The alternative test statistic I --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.3 --- The alternative test statistic II --- p.23
Chapter 2.3 --- Variations of the test --- p.24
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Restricted test --- p.24
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Adjusting for other covariates --- p.26
Chapter 2.4 --- Apply with bootstrap --- p.28
Chapter 2.5 --- Examples --- p.29
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Male mice data --- p.34
Chapter 2.5.2 --- Stanford heart transplant data --- p.34
Chapter 2.5.3 --- CGD data --- p.34
Chapter 3 --- Large Sample Properties and Discussions --- p.35
Chapter 3.1 --- Large sample properties and relationship to goodness of fit test --- p.35
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Large sample properties of A and Ap --- p.35
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Large sample properties of Ac and A --- p.36
Chapter 3.2 --- Discussions --- p.37
Foley, Christine Marie. "Comparison And Application Of Methods To Address Confounding By Indication In Non-Randomized Clinical Studies." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1121.
Повний текст джерелаAustin, Elizabeth. "Regression Analysis for Ordinal Outcomes in Matched Study Design: Applications to Alzheimer's Disease Studies." 2018. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/628.
Повний текст джерелаHe, Zangdong. "Variable selection and structural discovery in joint models of longitudinal and survival data." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/6365.
Повний текст джерелаJoint models of longitudinal and survival outcomes have been used with increasing frequency in clinical investigations. Correct specification of fixed and random effects, as well as their functional forms is essential for practical data analysis. However, no existing methods have been developed to meet this need in a joint model setting. In this dissertation, I describe a penalized likelihood-based method with adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (ALASSO) penalty functions for model selection. By reparameterizing variance components through a Cholesky decomposition, I introduce a penalty function of group shrinkage; the penalized likelihood is approximated by Gaussian quadrature and optimized by an EM algorithm. The functional forms of the independent effects are determined through a procedure for structural discovery. Specifically, I first construct the model by penalized cubic B-spline and then decompose the B-spline to linear and nonlinear elements by spectral decomposition. The decomposition represents the model in a mixed-effects model format, and I then use the mixed-effects variable selection method to perform structural discovery. Simulation studies show excellent performance. A clinical application is described to illustrate the use of the proposed methods, and the analytical results demonstrate the usefulness of the methods.