Статті в журналах: "Supramolecular Self-assembly - Molecules"

1

BÖHRINGER, MATTHIAS, WOLF-DIETER SCHNEIDER, and RICHARD BERNDT. "TWO-DIMENSIONAL SELF-ASSEMBLY OF SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURES." Surface Review and Letters 07, no. 05n06 (October 2000): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x00000749.

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We briefly review recent low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) investigations performed in our laboratory1–5 on the self-assembly of the dipolar organic molecule 1-nitronaphthalene (NN) adsorbed on the reconstructed Au(111) surface. NN becomes chiral upon planar adsorption on the gold surface. We observe several coverage-driven structural transformations which are associated with simultaneous changes in the enantiomeric composition of the self-assembled molecular structures. At low coverages almost exclusively decamers with an 8:2 ratio of the enantiomers are formed. In a medium coverage range enantiopure one-dimensional molecular double chains prevail on the surface. Subsequently, molecules with opposite handedness are admixed until at monolayer coverage racemic one- and two-dimensional structures coexist. Modeling shows that hydrogen bonding causes the observed self-assembly. A subtle interplay between the electrostatic interactions among the molecules and their interaction with the reconstructed metal surface is the origin of the observed coverage-driven chiral phase transition in two dimensions.

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2

Jana, Achintya, Puneet Mishra, and Neeladri Das. "Polymorphic self-assembly of pyrazine-based tectons at the solution–solid interface." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (February 18, 2019): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.50.

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Exploring the surface self-assembly of small molecules that act as building blocks (tectons) for complex supramolecular structures is crucial for realizing surface-supported functional molecular devices. Here, we report on the synthesis and surface self-assembly of a new pyrazine-derived molecule with pyridine pendants. Ambient scanning tunneling microscopy investigation at the solution–solid interface reveals polymorphic self-assembly of these molecules on a HOPG substrate. Two different molecular packing structures with equal distribution are observed. Detailed analysis of the STM images emphasizes the crucial role of weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and molecule–substrate interactions in the formation of the observed polymorphs. Such weak hydrogen bonding interactions are highly desirable for the formation of modular supramolecular architectures since they can provide sufficiently robust molecular structures and also facilitate error correction.

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3

James, Tony D. "Self and directed assembly: people and molecules." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (March 1, 2016): 391–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.42.

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Self-assembly and directed-assembly are two very important aspects of supramolecular chemistry. As a young postgraduate student working in Canada with Tom Fyles my introduction to Supramolecular Chemistry was through the self-assembly of phospholipid membranes to form vesicles for which we were developing unimolecular and self-assembling transporter molecules. The next stage of my development as a scientist was in Japan with Seiji Shinkai where in a “Eureka” moment, the boronic acid templating unit (directed-assembly) of Wulff was combined with photoinduced electron transfer systems pioneered by De Silva. The result was a turn-on fluorescence sensor for saccharides; this simple result has continued to fuel my research to the present day. Throughout my career as well as assembling molecules, I have enjoyed bringing together researchers in order to develop collaborative networks. This is where molecules meet people resulting in assemblies worth more than the individual “molecule” or “researcher”. My role in developing networks with Japan was rewarded by the award of a Daiwa-Adrian Prize in 2013 and I was recently rewarded for developing networks with China with an Inaugural CASE Prize in 2015.

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4

Saini, Ankita, and K. R. Justin Thomas. "Bis-naphthalimides bridged by electron acceptors: optical and self-assembly characteristics." RSC Advances 6, no. 75 (2016): 71638–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra12776b.

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Okamoto, Ken, Parayalil Chithra, Gary Richards, Jonathan Hill, and Katsuhiko Ariga. "Self-Assembly of Optical Molecules with Supramolecular Concepts." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 10, no. 5 (April 27, 2009): 1950–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms10051950.

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6

Gao, Yuxi, Jun Hu, and Yong Ju. "Supramolecular Self-Assembly Based on Natural Small Molecules." Acta Chimica Sinica 74, no. 4 (2016): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.6023/a16010016.

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7

Mi, Yong Sheng, Zhou Yang, Dong Wang, Peng Xia Liang, and Zhao Kui Jin. "Self-Assembly Micro-Nanostructures of Discotic Organic Molecules." Applied Mechanics and Materials 331 (July 2013): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.331.567.

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A series of discotic organic molecules with different substituents have been successfully synthesized. The structures of these compounds were fully characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and MS. Their optical and electrical properties were investigated by means of Uv-vis absorption, fluorescence emission and cyclic voltammogram. By exploring the self-assembly behavior of different substituted discotic molecules through method of solvent exchange-evaporation, organic micro-nanostructures such as nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanorods were obtained through supramolecular self-assembly. In order to investigate the applications of these discotic organic molecules, the relationship of molecular design, structural design and material properties has been studied based on the experimental work.

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8

Haino, Takeharu, Ryo Sekiya, Kentaro Harada, and Natsumi Nitta. "Resorcinarene-Based Supramolecular Capsules: Supramolecular Functions and Applications." Synlett 33, no. 06 (October 27, 2021): 518–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1679-8141.

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AbstractA resorcinarene is a synthetic macrocycle consisting of four resorcinol molecules covalently linked by methylene bridges. The interannular bridges produce a cavitand that has a bowl-shaped structure. We have developed supramolecular capsules through Ag(I) or Cu(I) coordination-driven self-assembly of cavitands possessing 2,2′-bipyridyl arms in their upper rims. The self-assembled capsules accommodate various molecular guests and supramolecular assemblies possessing acetoxy groups. The host–guest chemistry of the molecular capsules has been applied in the fabrication of supramolecular polymers. This account describes recent developments in the supramolecular chemistry of resorcinarene-based coordination capsules and provides a brief history of resorcinarene-based capsules and related capsules.

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9

JIANG, DANFENG, YAN LU, JIE LING, XINLI LENG, XIAOQING LIU, and LI WANG. "CHIRAL SUPRAMOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY OF 2,2’:6’,2”-TERPYRIDINE-4’-CARBOXYLIC ACID MOLECULES CHEMICALLY ADSORBED ON Cu(111)." Surface Review and Letters 23, no. 06 (November 17, 2016): 1650061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x1650061x.

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In this paper, large-area chiral supramolecular self-assembly of 2,2’:6’,2”-terpyridine-4’-carboxylic acid (C[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text]N3O2; Y) molecules on Cu(111) is studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The basic building blocks of such a self-assembled monolayer are triangular vortex-shaped supramolecular structures containing three twisted Y molecules. Chirality is maintained and transferred from one vortex to the adjacent vortex in successive molecular domains within the same atomic terrace. The twisted Y molecule, bridging two nearest-neighbor Cu atoms, is stabilized by symmetric Cu–O bonds on the surface. The near perpendicularity of these bonds to the surface is the main reason for the formation of “standing-up” Y molecules.

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10

Wang, Jing, Xueliang Wang, Kai Yang, Sijun Hu, and Wanhe Wang. "Self-Assembly of Small Organic Molecules into Luminophores for Cancer Theranostic Applications." Biosensors 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2022): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12090683.

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Self-assembled biomaterials have been widely explored for real-time fluorescence imaging, imaging-guided surgery, and targeted therapy for tumors, etc. In particular, small molecule-based self-assembly has been established as a reliable strategy for cancer theranostics due to the merits of small-sized molecules, multiple functions, and ease of synthesis and modification. In this review, we first briefly introduce the supramolecular chemistry of small organic molecules in cancer theranostics. Then, we summarize and discuss advanced small molecule-based self-assembly for cancer theranostics based on three types, including peptides, amphiphilic molecules, and aggregation-induced emission luminogens. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on future developments of small molecule-based self-assembled biomaterials integrating diagnosis and therapy for biomedical applications. These applications highlight the opportunities arising from the rational design of small organic molecules with self-assembly properties for precision medicine.

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11

Van Lommel, Ruben, Julie Van Hooste, Johannes Vandaele, Gert Steurs, Tom Van der Donck, Frank De Proft, Susana Rocha, Dimitrios Sakellariou, Mercedes Alonso, and Wim M. De Borggraeve. "Does Supramolecular Gelation Require an External Trigger?" Gels 8, no. 12 (December 10, 2022): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8120813.

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The supramolecular gelation of small molecules is typically preceded by an external stimulus to trigger the self-assembly. The need for this trigger stems from the metastable nature of most supramolecular gels and can limit their applicability. Herein, we present a small urea-based molecule that spontaneously forms a stable hydrogel by simple mixing without the addition of an external trigger. Single particle tracking experiments and observations made from scanning electron microscopy indicated that triggerless gelation occurred in a similar fashion as the archetypical heat-triggered gelation. These results could stimulate the search for other supramolecular hydrogels that can be obtained by simple mixing. Furthermore, the mechanism of the heat-triggered supramolecular gelation was elucidated by a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and quantitative NMR experiments. Surprisingly, hydrogelation seemingly occurs via a stepwise self-assembly in which spherical nanoparticles mature into an entangled fibrillary network.

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12

Insua, Ignacio, Julian Bergueiro, Alejandro Méndez-Ardoy, Irene Lostalé-Seijo, and Javier Montenegro. "Bottom-up supramolecular assembly in two dimensions." Chemical Science 13, no. 11 (2022): 3057–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc05667k.

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The self-assembly of molecules in two dimensions (2D) is gathering attention from all disciplines across the chemical sciences. This perspective discusses the main strategies to direct the supramolecular self-assembly of organic monomers in 2D.

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13

Lombardo, Domenico, Mikhail A. Kiselev, Salvatore Magazù, and Pietro Calandra. "Amphiphiles Self-Assembly: Basic Concepts and Future Perspectives of Supramolecular Approaches." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/151683.

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Amphiphiles are synthetic or natural molecules with the ability to self-assemble into a wide variety of structures including micelles, vesicles, nanotubes, nanofibers, and lamellae. Self-assembly processes of amphiphiles have been widely used to mimic biological systems, such as assembly of lipids and proteins, while their integrated actions allow the performance of highly specific cellular functions which has paved a way for bottom-up bionanotechnology. While amphiphiles self-assembly has attracted considerable attention for decades due to their extensive applications in material science, drug and gene delivery, recent developments in nanoscience stimulated the combination of the simple approaches of amphiphile assembly with the advanced concept of supramolecular self-assembly for the development of more complex, hierarchical nanostructures. Introduction of stimulus responsive supramolecular amphiphile assembly-disassembly processes provides particularly novel approaches for impacting bionanotechnology applications. Leading examples of these novel self-assembly processes can be found, in fact, in biosystems where assemblies of different amphiphilic macrocomponents and their integrated actions allow the performance of highly specific biological functions. In this perspective, we summarize in this tutorial review the basic concept and recent research on self-assembly of traditional amphiphilic molecules (such as surfactants, amphiphile-like polymers, or lipids) and more recent concepts of supramolecular amphiphiles assembly which have become increasingly important in emerging nanotechnology.

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14

Liu, Zhaona, Zhizheng Li, Bing Li, Le Zhou, Huacheng Zhang, and Jie Han. "Hybrid Macrocyclic Polymers: Self-Assembly Containing Cucurbit[m]uril-pillar[n]arene." Polymers 14, no. 9 (April 27, 2022): 1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091777.

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Supramolecular self-assembly by hybrid macrocycles containing both cucurbit[m]uril (CB[m]) and pillar[n]arene was discussed and summarized in this review. Due to different solubility, diverse-sized cavities, and various driving forces in recognizing guests, the role of CB[m] and pillar[n]arene in such hybrid macrocyclic systems could switch between competitor in capturing specialized guests, and cooperator for building advanced hybridized macrocycles, by controlling their characteristics in host–guest inclusions. Furthermore, both CB[m] and pillar[n]arene were employed for fabricating advanced supramolecular self-assemblies such as mechanically interlocked molecules and supramolecular polymers. In those self-assemblies, CB[m] and pillar[n]arene played significant roles in, e.g., microreactor for catalyzing particular reactions to bridge different small pieces together, molecular “joint” to connect different monomers into larger assemblies, and “stabilizer” in accommodating the guest molecules to adopt a favorite structure geometry ready for assembling.

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15

Park, Changjun, Jinhee Lee, Taehyoung Kim, Jaechang Lim, Jeyoung Park, Woo Youn Kim, and Sang Youl Kim. "Homochiral Supramolecular Thin Film from Self-Assembly of Achiral Triarylamine Molecules by Circularly Polarized Light." Molecules 25, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020402.

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Here, we report the formation of homochiral supramolecular thin film from achiral molecules, by using circularly polarized light (CPL) only as a chiral source, on the condition that irradiation of CPL does not induce a photochemical change of the achiral molecules. Thin films of self-assembled structures consisting of chiral supramolecular fibrils was obtained from the triarylamine derivatives through evaporation of the self-assembled triarylamine solution. The homochiral supramolecular helices with the desired handedness was achieved by irradiation of circularly polarized visible light during the self-assembly process, and the chiral stability of supramolecular self-assembled product was achieved by photopolymerization of the diacetylene moieties at side chains of the building blocks, with irradiation of circularly polarized ultraviolet light. This work provides a novel methodology for the generation of homochiral supramolecular thin film from the corresponding achiral molecules.

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16

Das, Suven, Purak Das, Suvendu Maity, Prasanta Ghosh, and Arpita Dutta. "Supramolecular self-assembly of structurally diversified ninhydrin-based molecules." Journal of Molecular Structure 1224 (January 2021): 129033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129033.

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17

Groombridge, Alexander S., Aniello Palma, Richard M. Parker, Chris Abell, and Oren A. Scherman. "Aqueous interfacial gels assembled from small molecule supramolecular polymers." Chemical Science 8, no. 2 (2017): 1350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sc04103e.

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The successful self-assembly of a stimuli-responsive aqueous supramolecular hyperbranched polymer from small molecules and the macrocyclic host cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) is reported. This self-healing supramolecular network can act as a soft matter barrier at liquid–liquid interfaces.

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Shundo, Atsuomi, Yuuki Hoshino, Takahiro Higuchi, Yuji Matsumoto, David P. Penaloza Jr, Keigo Matsumoto, Masashi Ohno, Katsuaki Miyaji, Masahiro Goto, and Keiji Tanaka. "Facile microcapsule fabrication by spray deposition of a supramolecular hydrogel." RSC Adv. 4, no. 68 (2014): 36097–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra04636f.

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When a supramolecular hydrogel, that was based on the self-assembly of low-molecular-weight molecules, was sprayed onto a solid substrate, the resultant residue after drying off the water contained microcapsules composed of the fibrils.

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19

Jones, Richard G., Christopher K. Ober, Philip Hodge, Pavel Kratochvíl, Graeme Moad, and Michel Vert. "Terminology for aggregation and self-assembly in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 2013)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 85, no. 2 (December 16, 2012): 463–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-rec-12-03-12.

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In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.

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20

Urdaneta, Neudo, Jesús Nuñez, Teresa González, and Alexander Briceño. "1-[5-(4,5-Dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]ethanone and 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 68, no. 6 (May 6, 2012): o213—o215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270112018598.

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In both title compounds, C10H13BO3S, (I), and C13H17BO3, (II), the molecules adopt nearly planar conformations. The crystal packing of (I) consists of a supramolecular two-dimensional network with a herringbone-like topology formed by self assembly of centrosymmetric pairs of molecules linkedviadipole–dipole interactions. The crystal structure of (II) consists of a supramolecular two-dimensional network built up from centrosymmetric pairs of moleculesviaπ–π interactions. These pairs of molecules are self-organized in an offset fashion related by a symmetry centre, generating supramolecular ribbons running along the [101] direction. Neighbouring ribbons are stackedviacomplementary van der Waals and hydrophobic methyl–methyl interactions.

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Ling, Xing Yi, David N. Reinhoudt, and Jurriaan Huskens. "From supramolecular chemistry to nanotechnology: Assembly of 3D nanostructures." Pure and Applied Chemistry 81, no. 12 (November 3, 2009): 2225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-07-04.

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Fabricating well-defined and stable nanoparticle crystals in a controlled fashion receives growing attention in nanotechnology. The order and packing symmetry within a nanoparticle crystal is of utmost importance for the development of materials with unique optical and electronic properties. To generate stable and ordered 3D nanoparticle structures, nanotechnology is combined with supramolecular chemistry to control the self-assembly of 2D and 3D receptor-functionalized nanoparticles. This review focuses on the use of molecular recognition chemistry to establish stable, ordered, and functional nanoparticle structures. The host–guest complexation of β-cyclodextrin (CD) and its guest molecules (e.g., adamantane and ferrocene) are applied to assist the nanoparticle assembly. Direct adsorption of supramolecular guest- and host-functionalized nanoparticles onto (patterned) CD self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) occurs via multivalent host–guest interactions and layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. The reversibility and fine-tuning of the nanoparticle-surface binding strength in this supramolecular assembly scheme are the control parameters in the process. Furthermore, the supramolecular nanoparticle assembly has been integrated with top-down nanofabrication schemes to generate stable and ordered 3D nanoparticle structures, with controlled geometries and sizes, on surfaces, other interfaces, and as free-standing structures.

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22

Freeman, Ronit, Ming Han, Zaida Álvarez, Jacob A. Lewis, James R. Wester, Nicholas Stephanopoulos, Mark T. McClendon, et al. "Reversible self-assembly of superstructured networks." Science 362, no. 6416 (October 4, 2018): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat6141.

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Soft structures in nature, such as protein assemblies, can organize reversibly into functional and often hierarchical architectures through noncovalent interactions. Molecularly encoding this dynamic capability in synthetic materials has remained an elusive goal. We report on hydrogels of peptide-DNA conjugates and peptides that organize into superstructures of intertwined filaments that disassemble upon the addition of molecules or changes in charge density. Experiments and simulations demonstrate that this response requires large-scale spatial redistribution of molecules directed by strong noncovalent interactions among them. Simulations also suggest that the chemically reversible structures can only occur within a limited range of supramolecular cohesive energies. Storage moduli of the hydrogels change reversibly as superstructures form and disappear, as does the phenotype of neural cells in contact with these materials.

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23

Chen, Xu-Lang, Si-Qian Yu, Xiao-Huan Huang, and Han-Yuan Gong. "Bismacrocycle: Structures and Applications." Molecules 28, no. 16 (August 13, 2023): 6043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28166043.

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In the past half-century, macrocycles with different structures and functions, have played a critical role in supramolecular chemistry. Two macrocyclic moieties can be linked to form bismacrocycle molecules. Compared with monomacrocycle, the unique structures of bismacrocycles led to their specific recognition and assembly properties, also a wide range of applications, including molecular recognition, supramolecular self-assembly, advanced optical material construction, etc. In this review, we focus on the structure of bismacrocycle and their applications. Our goal is to summarize and outline the possible future development directions of bismacrocycle research.

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24

Tang, Huang, Zhewei Gu, Cheng Li, Zhibo Li, Wei Wu, and Xiqun Jiang. "Nanoscale vesicles assembled from non-planar cyclic molecules for efficient cell penetration." Biomaterials Science 7, no. 6 (2019): 2552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9bm00347a.

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Liu, Renjie, and Gregory A. Hudalla. "Using Self-Assembling Peptides to Integrate Biomolecules into Functional Supramolecular Biomaterials." Molecules 24, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081450.

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Throughout nature, self-assembly gives rise to functional supramolecular biomaterials that can perform complex tasks with extraordinary efficiency and specificity. Inspired by these examples, self-assembly is increasingly used to fabricate synthetic supramolecular biomaterials for diverse applications in biomedicine and biotechnology. Peptides are particularly attractive as building blocks for these materials because they are based on naturally derived amino acids that are biocompatible and biodegradable; they can be synthesized using scalable and cost-effective methods, and their sequence can be tailored to encode formation of diverse architectures. To endow synthetic supramolecular biomaterials with functional capabilities, it is now commonplace to conjugate self-assembling building blocks to molecules having a desired functional property, such as selective recognition of a cell surface receptor or soluble protein, antigenicity, or enzymatic activity. This review surveys recent advances in using self-assembling peptides as handles to incorporate biologically active molecules into supramolecular biomaterials. Particular emphasis is placed on examples of functional nanofibers, nanovesicles, and other nano-scale structures that are fabricated by linking self-assembling peptides to proteins and carbohydrates. Collectively, this review highlights the enormous potential of these approaches to create supramolecular biomaterials with sophisticated functional capabilities that can be finely tuned to meet the needs of downstream applications.

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Yan, Zhengquan, Shanyi Guang, Hongyao Xu, Xinyan Su, Xiaoli Ji, and Xiangyang Liu. "Supramolecular self-assembly structures and properties of zwitterionic squaraine molecules." RSC Advances 3, no. 21 (2013): 8021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra40690c.

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27

Makoudi, Y., M. Beyer, J. Jeannoutot, F. Picaud, F. Palmino, and F. Chérioux. "Supramolecular self-assembly of brominated molecules on a silicon surface." Chemical Communications 50, no. 43 (2014): 5714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc01158a.

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28

Banno, Taisuke, Daichi Sawada, and Taro Toyota. "Construction of Supramolecular Systems That Achieve Lifelike Functions." Materials 15, no. 7 (March 24, 2022): 2391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072391.

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1987 and 2016 for research in supramolecular chemistry on the “development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity” and the “design and production of molecular machines”, respectively. This confirmed the explosive development of supramolecular chemistry. In addition, attempts have been made in systems chemistry to embody the complex functions of living organisms as artificial non-equilibrium chemical systems, which have not received much attention in supramolecular chemistry. In this review, we explain recent developments in supramolecular chemistry through four categories: stimuli-responsiveness, time evolution, dissipative self-assembly, and hierarchical expression of functions. We discuss the development of non-equilibrium supramolecular systems, including the use of molecules with precisely designed properties, to achieve functions found in life as a hierarchical chemical system.

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Stoffelen, Carmen, Eugenio Staltari-Ferraro, and Jurriaan Huskens. "Effects of the molecular weight and the valency of guest-modified poly(ethylene glycol)s on the stability, size and dynamics of supramolecular nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 34 (2015): 6945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb01111f.

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30

Lv, Jing, Huibiao Liu та Yuliang Li. "Self-assembly and properties of low-dimensional nanomaterials based on π-conjugated organic molecules". Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, № 3 (1 січня 2008): 639–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880030639.

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Building supramolecular architectures with well-defined shapes and functions is of great importance in materials science, nanochemistry, and biomimetic chemistry. In recent years, we have devoted much effort to the construction of well-defined supramolecular structures through noncovalent forces such as hydrogen bonding, π-stacking, metal-ligand bonds, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions, with the aid of functional building blocks. The morphologies and their physical properties were studied, and new methods for the construction of one-dimensional nanoscale structures have been developed. In this review, we summarize our recent studies on the design and synthesis of the supramolecular systems, as well as the physical properties of nanoscale structures.

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31

Gavat, Odile, Thi Minh Nguyet Trinh, Emilie Moulin, Thomas Ellis, Mounir Maaloum, Eric Buhler, Guillaume Fleith, Jean-François Nierengarten, and Nicolas Giuseppone. "3D supramolecular self-assembly of [60]fullerene hexaadducts decorated with triarylamine molecules." Chemical Communications 54, no. 55 (2018): 7657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc04079f.

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Ariga, Katsuhiko, and Lok Kumar Shrestha. "Fullerene Nanoarchitectonics with Shape-Shifting." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 2280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102280.

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This short review article introduces several examples of self-assembly-based structural formation and shape-shifting using very simple molecular units, fullerenes (C60, C70, and their derivatives), as fullerene nanoarchitectonics. Fullerene molecules are suitable units for the basic science of self-assembly because they are simple zero-dimensional objects with only a single elemental component, carbon, without any charged or interactive functional groups. In this review article, self-assembly of fullerene molecules and their shape-shifting are introduced as fullerene nanoarchitectonics. An outline and a background of fullerene nanoarchitectonics are first described, followed by various demonstrations, including fabrication of various fullerene nanostructures, such as rods on the cube, holes in the cube, interior channels in the cube, and fullerene micro-horns, and also a demonstration of a new concept, supramolecular differentiation.

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Zhang, Huacheng, Zhaona Liu, and Hui Fu. "Pillararenes Trimer for Self-Assembly." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (March 31, 2020): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040651.

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Pillararenes trimer with particularly designed structural geometry and excellent capacity of recognizing guest molecules is a very efficient and attractive building block for the fabrication of advanced self-assembled materials. Pillararenes trimers could be prepared via both covalent and noncovalent bonds. The classic organic synthesis reactions such as click reaction, palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction, amidation, esterification, and aminolysis are employed to build covalent bonds and integrate three pieces of pillararenes subunits together into the “star-shaped” trimers and linear foldamers. Alternatively, pillararenes trimers could also be assembled in the form of host-guest inclusions and mechanically interlocked molecules via noncovalent interactions, and during those procedures, pillararenes units contribute the cavity for recognizing guest molecules and act as a “wheel” subunit, respectively. By fully utilizing the driving forces such as host-guest interactions, charge transfer, hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, and C–H…π and π–π stacking interactions, pillararenes trimers-based supramolecular self-assemblies provide a possibility in the construction of multi-dimensional materials such as vesicular and tubular aggregates, layered networks, as well as frameworks. Interestingly, those assembled materials exhibit interesting external stimuli responsiveness to e.g., variable concentrations, changed pH values, different temperature, as well as the addition/removal of competition guests and ions. Thus, they could further be used for diverse applications such as detection, sorption, and separation of significant multi-analytes including metal cations, anions, and amino acids.

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34

Deepthi, Krishnan, Amal Raj R B, Vadakkethonippurathu Sivankuttynair Prasad, and E. Bhoje Gowd. "Co-assembly of functionalized donor–acceptor molecules within block copolymer microdomains via the supramolecular assembly approach with an improved charge carrier mobility." Soft Matter 16, no. 31 (2020): 7312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sm00894j.

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Here, we demonstrate the three-component self-assembly of functionalized small molecules (donor and acceptor) and a polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) block copolymer using the supramolecular approach.

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35

Bhangu, Sukhvir Kaur, Gianfranco Bocchinfuso, Muthupandian Ashokkumar, and Francesca Cavalieri. "Sound-driven dissipative self-assembly of aromatic biomolecules into functional nanoparticles." Nanoscale Horizons 5, no. 3 (2020): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nh00611g.

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The out-of-equilibrium self-assembly of simple aromatic amino acid molecules is driven by high frequency ultrasound, where acoustic energy acts as a fuel to form uniform supramolecular nanostructures with multifarious optical and biological properties.

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36

Lehn, Jean-Marie. "Towards Complex Matter: Supramolecular Chemistry and Self-organization." European Review 17, no. 2 (May 2009): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709000805.

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Chemistry has developed from molecular chemistry, mastering the combination and recombination of atoms into increasingly complex molecules, to supramolecular chemistry, harnessing intermolecular forces for the generation of informed supramolecular systems and processes through the implementation of molecular information carried by electromagnetic interactions. Supramolecular chemistry is actively exploring systems undergoing self-organization, i.e. systems capable of spontaneously generating well-defined functional supramolecular architectures by self-assembly from their components, on the basis of the molecular information stored in the covalent framework of the components and read out at the supramolecular level through specific molecular recognition interactional algorithms, thus behaving as programmed chemical systems. Supramolecular entities as well as molecules containing reversible bonds are able to undergo a continuous change in constitution by reorganization and exchange of building blocks. This capability defines a Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry (CDC) on both the molecular and supramolecular levels. CDC introduces a paradigm shift with respect to constitutionally static chemistry. It takes advantage of dynamic constitutional diversity to allow variation and selection and thus adaptation. The merging of the features of supramolecular systems – information and programmability; dynamics and reversibility; constitution and structural diversity – points towards the emergence of adaptive chemistry. A further development will concern the inclusion of the arrow of time, i.e. of non-equilibrium, irreversible processes and the exploration of the frontiers of chemical evolution towards the establishment of evolutive chemistry, where the features acquired by adaptation are conserved and transmitted. In combination with the corresponding fields of physics and biology, chemistry thus plays a major role in the progressive elaboration of a science of informed, organized, evolutive matter, a science of complex matter.

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37

Mali, Kunal S., and Steven De Feyter. "Principles of molecular assemblies leading to molecular nanostructures." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 2000 (October 13, 2013): 20120304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0304.

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Self-assembled physisorbed monolayers consist of regular two-dimensional arrays of molecules. Two-dimensional self-assembly of organic and metal–organic building blocks is a widely used strategy for nanoscale functionalization of surfaces. These supramolecular nanostructures are typically sustained by weak non-covalent forces such as van der Waals, electrostatic, metal–ligand, dipole–dipole and hydrogen bonding interactions. A wide variety of structurally very diverse monolayers have been fabricated under ambient conditions at the liquid–solid and air–solid interface or under ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) conditions at the UHV–solid interface. The outcome of the molecular self-assembly process depends on a variety of factors such as the nature of functional groups present on assembling molecules, the type of solvent, the temperature at which the molecules assemble and the concentration of the building blocks. The objective of this review is to provide a brief account of the progress in understanding various parameters affecting two-dimensional molecular self-assembly through illustration of some key examples from contemporary literature.

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38

Shome, Anshupriya. "Applications of Supramolecular Materials in Real World: A Mini Review." Asian Journal of Chemistry 35, no. 2 (2023): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.26952.

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The breakthrough in supramolecular chemistry came in the 1960s when Charles J. Pedersen utilized the concept of ‘chemistry beyond molecules’ in the synthesis of the crown ethers. Self-assembly could allow for the construction of fascinating supramolecular architectures that are otherwise challenging to prepare using covalent chemistry. Supramolecular chemistry has been extensively studied in recent decades and its applications have been explored to include everything from molecular machines and sensors to gas absorption and nanoreactors to chemical catalysis and drug delivery. In this review article, some of the commercial applications are discussed to highlight the transition of supramolecular chemistry from theoretical concept to market.

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Sharma, Komal, Jojo P. Joseph, Adarsh Sahu, Narender Yadav, Mohit Tyagi, Ashmeet Singh, Asish Pal, and K. P. Ravindranathan Kartha. "Supramolecular gels from sugar-linked triazole amphiphiles for drug entrapment and release for topical application." RSC Advances 9, no. 34 (2019): 19819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02868d.

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Spontaneous formation of hierarchical supramolecular gels show solvent dictated self-assembly and spatio-temporal positioning of drug molecules in the network accounting for differential release profiles for topical application.

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40

Ijaz, Talha, Xin Zhang, Xiaorui Chen, Xueting Xing, Simin Fang, Mengyuan Liu, Huan Lu, Fangsen Li, Jianzhi Gao, and Minghu Pan. "Supramolecular Self-Assembly and Photo-Induced Transition of a Halogenated Azo-Benzene Molecule on Au(111) Surface." Crystals 13, no. 3 (February 26, 2023): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030404.

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Azobenzene derivatives are a unique class of photo-switch molecules with promising potential for nanoscale optical applications. We have studied the self-assembly and photo-induced mechanical switching of azobenzene derivatives on Au(111) at the single-molecule level by using scanning tunneling microscope (STM). 4,4′-Dibromo-azobenzene (Br-AB) molecules are assembled into two types of well-ordered structures on Au(111) surfaces in the trans-isomer configuration. Br-AB molecules experienced configurational changes from trans-to-cis photo-isomerization upon the exposure to the UV light. This photo-isomerization of Br-AB molecules was observed to occur at random sites of ordered structure, evidenced by the appearance of bright protrusions with the height increment. Our results may open up new routes to engineer nanoscale photo-switch molecular devices.

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41

Sang, Yutao, Dong Yang, Pengfei Duan, and Minghua Liu. "The chiral amine triggered self-assembly of achiral emissive molecules into circularly polarized luminescent supramolecular assemblies." Chemical Communications 55, no. 74 (2019): 11135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc05109k.

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42

Rizzo, C., R. Arrigo, F. D'Anna, F. Di Blasi, N. T. Dintcheva, G. Lazzara, F. Parisi, S. Riela, G. Spinelli, and M. Massaro. "Hybrid supramolecular gels of Fmoc-F/halloysite nanotubes: systems for sustained release of camptothecin." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 17 (2017): 3217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb00297a.

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Novel supramolecular gel hybrids were prepared by self-assembly of Fmoc-l-phenylalanine in the presence of functionalized halloysite nanotubes and employed as carriers for the delivery of camptothecin molecules.

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43

Chongboriboon, Nucharee, Kodchakorn Samakun, Winya Dungkaew, Filip Kielar, Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt, and Kittipong Chainok. "Halogen-Bonding-Driven Self-Assembly of Solvates of Tetrabromoterephthalic Acid." Crystals 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11020198.

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Halogen bonding is one of the most interesting noncovalent attractions capable of self-assembly and recognition processes in both solution and solid phase. In this contribution, we report on the formation of two solvates of tetrabromoterephthalic acid (H2Br4tp) with acetonitrile (MeCN) and methanol (MeOH) viz. H2Br4tp·2MeCN (1MeCN) and H2Br4tp·2MeOH (2MeOH). The host structures of both 1MeCN and 2MeOH are assembled via the occurrence of simultaneous Br···Br, Br···O, and Br···π halogen bonding interactions, existing between the H2Br4tp molecular tectons. Among them, the cooperative effect of the dominant halogen bond in combination with hydrogen bonding interactions gave rise to different supramolecular assemblies, whereas the strength of the halogen bond depends on the type of hydrogen bond between the molecules of H2Br4tp and the solvents. These materials show a reversible release/resorption of solvent molecules accompanied by evident crystallographic phase transitions.

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44

Barry, Dawn E., David F. Caffrey, and Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson. "Lanthanide-directed synthesis of luminescent self-assembly supramolecular structures and mechanically bonded systems from acyclic coordinating organic ligands." Chemical Society Reviews 45, no. 11 (2016): 3244–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cs00116e.

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This review focuses on recent developments made in the area of lanthanide directed synthesis/formation of supramolecular self-assembly structures including the formation of complexes/bundles, helicates, MOFs and interlocked molecules.

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45

Bai, Yang, Cai-ping Liu, Di Chen, Long-hai Zhuo, Huai-tian Bu, and Wei Tian. "Morphology-tunable and pH-responsive supramolecular self-assemblies based on AB2-type host–guest-conjugated amphiphilic molecules for controlled drug delivery." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (August 13, 2019): 1925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.188.

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Although stimuli-responsive supramolecular self-assemblies have been constructed, the controlled drug delivery induced by morphology transitions of these supramolecular self-assemblies on the basis of host–guest-conjugated monomers (HGCMs) are few reported. In this paper, the self-assembly behaviors of AB2-type HGCMs, e.g., β-cyclodextrin-benzimidazole2 (β-CD-BM2), were investigated at neutral and acidic pH conditions, respectively. Specifically, β-CD-BM2 first self-assembled into fan-shaped supramolecular self-assemblies with a hydrodynamic diameter of 163 nm at neutral pH, whereas they were further dissociated into spherical supramolecular self-assemblies with a size of 52 nm under acidic conditions. This morphology transition process was utilized to conduct a two-stage DOX delivery under neutral and acidic pH. Basic cell experiments demonstrated that the drug-loaded β-CD-BM2-based supramolecular self-assemblies with varied morphology could inhibit cancer cell proliferation, indicating their potential application in the field of drug delivery.

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46

Baran, Ł., and W. Rżysko. "Application of a coarse-grained model for the design of complex supramolecular networks." Molecular Systems Design & Engineering 5, no. 2 (2020): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9me00122k.

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47

Wang, Jingjing, Xue Rui, Zhetong Jin, Xuejiao Leng, and Zhipeng Chen. "Self-Delivering Supramolecular Nanofiber Based on Peptide-Rhein Conjugate." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (September 23, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6880220.

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A peptide-drug conjugate (PDC) is a single molecule formed by one or more drug molecules that are conjugated with functional short peptides. Some specially designed PDC can construct self-delivering supramolecular nanomedicine and improve the therapeutic effect. The design and synthesis of novel PDCs with unique assembly behavior are important for the drug delivery system. Rhein is a natural product extracted from rhubarb and has extensive pharmacological properties. In the present work, we successfully synthesized a novel PDC (VKVK-rhein) based on rhein through solid-phase synthesis technology and conventional coupling chemical methods. The anthraquinone structure of rhein and the structure of the short peptide (VKVK, Val-Lys-Val-Lys) provided VKVK-rhein with special assembly properties. VKVK-rhein can be assembled into supramolecular nanofibers in water. The equilibrium solubility, oil-water distribution coefficient, zeta potential, and cell viability of VKVK-rhein were systematically studied. Our work lays a foundation for further biological application of rhein-based PDCs.

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48

Jin, Xin, Lijuan Zhu, Bai Xue, Xinyuan Zhu, and Deyue Yan. "Supramolecular nanoscale drug-delivery system with ordered structure." National Science Review 6, no. 6 (February 5, 2019): 1128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz018.

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Abstract Supramolecular chemistry provides a means to integrate multi-type molecules leading to a dynamic organization. The study of functional nanoscale drug-delivery systems based on supramolecular interactions is a recent trend. Much work has focused on the design of supramolecular building blocks and the engineering of supramolecular integration, with the goal of optimized delivery behavior and enhanced therapeutic effect. This review introduces recent advances in supramolecular designs of nanoscale drug delivery. Supramolecular affinity can act as a main driving force either in the self-assembly of carriers or in the loading of drugs. It is also possible to employ strong recognitions to achieve self-delivery of drugs. Due to dynamic controllable drug-release properties, the supramolecular nanoscale drug-delivery system provides a promising platform for precision medicine.

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Kihal, Nadjib, Ali Nazemi, and Steve Bourgault. "Supramolecular Nanostructures Based on Perylene Diimide Bioconjugates: From Self-Assembly to Applications." Nanomaterials 12, no. 7 (April 5, 2022): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12071223.

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Self-assembling π-conjugated systems constitute efficient building blocks for the construction of supramolecular structures with tailored functional properties. In this context, perylene diimide (PDI) has attracted attention owing to its chemical robustness, thermal and photo-stability, and outstanding optical and electronic properties. Recently, the conjugation of PDI derivatives to biological molecules, including oligonucleotides and peptides, has opened new avenues for the design of nanoassemblies with unique structures and functionalities. In the present review, we offer a comprehensive summary of supramolecular bio-assemblies based on PDI. After briefly presenting the physicochemical, structural, and optical properties of PDI derivatives, we discuss the synthesis, self-assembly, and applications of PDI bioconjugates.

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50

Zheng, Jun, Yan Mei Jin, Xi Nan Yang, Lin Zhang, Dao Fa Jiang, Wei Wei Zhao, Ye Meng, Jie Gao, and Pei Hua Ma. "Self-Assembly Mode and Supramolecular Framework of Cyclopentanocucurbit[6]uril and Aromatic Amines." Current Organic Chemistry 25, no. 23 (December 16, 2021): 2902–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666211117153451.

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Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and other characterization methods are used to characterize the complexes formed by cyclopentano- cucurbit[6]uril (abbreviated as CyP6Q[6]) as a host interacting with p-aminobenzenesulfonamide (G1), 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl (G2), and (E)-4,4'-diamino-1,2-diphenylethene (G3) as guests, respectively. The experimental results show that these three aromatic amine molecules have the same interaction mode with CyP6Q[6], interacting with its negatively electric potential portals. The supramolecular interactions include non-covalent interactions of hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole between host and guest molecules. CdCl2 acts as a structureinducing agent to form self-assemblies of multi-dimensional and multi-level supramolecular frameworks that may have potential applications in various functional materials.

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