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Статті в журналах з теми "Superhydrides"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 21 грудня 2024

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1

Zhou, Di, Dmitrii V. Semenok, Defang Duan, Hui Xie, Wuhao Chen, Xiaoli Huang, Xin Li, Bingbing Liu, Artem R. Oganov, and Tian Cui. "Superconducting praseodymium superhydrides." Science Advances 6, no. 9 (February 2020): eaax6849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax6849.

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Superhydrides have complex hydrogenic sublattices and are important prototypes for studying metallic hydrogen and high-temperature superconductors. Previous results for LaH10 suggest that the Pr-H system may be especially worth studying because of the magnetism and valence-band f-electrons in the element Pr. Here, we successfully synthesized praseodymium superhydrides (PrH9) in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated the presence of previously predicted F4¯3m-PrH9 and unexpected P63/mmc-PrH9 phases. Experimental studies of electrical resistance in the PrH9 sample showed the emergence of a possible superconducting transition (Tc) below 9 K and Tc dependent on the applied magnetic field. Theoretical calculations indicate that magnetic order and likely superconductivity coexist in a narrow range of pressures in the PrH9 sample, which may contribute to its low superconducting temperature. Our results highlight the intimate connections between hydrogenic sublattices, density of states, magnetism, and superconductivity in Pr-based superhydrides.

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2

Du, Mingyang, Wendi Zhao, Tian Cui, and Defang Duan. "Compressed superhydrides: the road to room temperature superconductivity." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, no. 17 (February 24, 2022): 173001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac4eaf.

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Abstract Room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-held dream and an area of intensive research. The discovery of H3S and LaH10 under high pressure, with superconducting critical temperatures (T c) above 200 K, sparked a race to find room temperature superconductors in compressed superhydrides. In recent groundbreaking work, room-temperature superconductivity of 288 K was achieved in carbonaceous sulfur hydride at 267 GPa. Here, we describe the important attempts of hydrides in the process of achieving room temperature superconductivity in decades, summarize the main characteristics of high-temperature hydrogen-based superconductors, such as hydrogen structural motifs, bonding features, electronic structure as well as electron–phonon coupling etc. This work aims to provide an up-to-date summary of several type hydrogen-based superconductors based on the hydrogen structural motifs, including covalent superhydrides, clathrate superhydrides, layered superhydrides, and hydrides containing isolated H atom, H2 and H3 molecular units.

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3

Wei, Yao, Francesco Macheda, Zelong Zhao, Terence Tse, Evgeny Plekhanov, Nicola Bonini, and Cedric Weber. "High-Temperature Superconductivity in the Lanthanide Hydrides at Extreme Pressures." Applied Sciences 12, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12020874.

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Hydrogen-rich superhydrides are promising high-Tc superconductors, with superconductivity experimentally observed near room temperature, as shown in recently discovered lanthanide superhydrides at very high pressures, e.g., LaH10 at 170 GPa and CeH9 at 150 GPa. Superconductivity is believed to be closely related to the high vibrational modes of the bound hydrogen ions. Here, we studied the limit of extreme pressures (above 200 GPa) where lanthanide hydrides with large hydrogen content have been reported. We focused on LaH16 and CeH16, two prototype candidates for achieving a large electronic contribution from hydrogen in the electron–phonon coupling. In this work, we propose a first-principles calculation platform with the inclusion of many-body corrections to evaluate the detailed physical properties of the Ce–H and La–H systems and to understand the structure, stability, and superconductivity of these systems at ultra-high pressure. We provide a practical approach to further investigate conventional superconductivity in hydrogen-rich superhydrides. We report that density functional theory provides accurate structure and phonon frequencies, but many-body corrections lead to an increase of the critical temperature, which is associated with the spectral weight transfer of the f-states.

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4

Somayazulu, Maddury. "Superconducting superhydrides: synthesis, structure and stability." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 76, a1 (August 2, 2020): a160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767320098402.

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5

Geballe, Zachary M., Hanyu Liu, Ajay K. Mishra, Muhtar Ahart, Maddury Somayazulu, Yue Meng, Maria Baldini, and Russell J. Hemley. "Synthesis and Stability of Lanthanum Superhydrides." Angewandte Chemie 130, no. 3 (December 15, 2017): 696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201709970.

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6

Geballe, Zachary M., Hanyu Liu, Ajay K. Mishra, Muhtar Ahart, Maddury Somayazulu, Yue Meng, Maria Baldini, and Russell J. Hemley. "Synthesis and Stability of Lanthanum Superhydrides." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, no. 3 (January 15, 2018): 688–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201709970.

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7

Hashimoto, Tomoya, Naoki Fukumuro, and Shinji Yae. "Attempts to Electrochemically Synthesize Palladium Superhydrides By High Pressure Method – Combination of Electrolytic Hydrogen Charging and Electroplating of Protective Coatings –." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 65 (December 22, 2023): 3033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02653033mtgabs.

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Introduction Incited by the possibility of room-temperature superconductors in superhydrides, numerous them have been synthesized using a diamond anvil cell under high pressures up to several hundred GPa. Although palladium has widely researched for a long time as a prototype hydrogen-absorbing metal, the palladium superhydrides has not yet been obtained under such high pressures. A recent theorical calculation has predicted that the palladium superhydrides (e.g., PdH10) may be synthesized by combing electrolysis and high pressure1), but it is not certain whether it can be achieved. In this study, we attempted to synthesize the palladium superhydrides by using electrolytic hydrogen charging under high pressures, and subsequently applied protective coatings to suppress the hydrogen desorption from the palladium hydrides at ambient pressure. Experimental Figure shows a schematic illustration of the high-pressure apparatus. The high-pressure apparatus can apply the pressure of up to 400 MPa to the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell by pumping water into a sealed high-pressure vessel using a plunger pump and pressure multipliers. A cold-rolled palladium foil of 30 ~ 40 μm in thickness was used as a cathode, and a zinc plate was utilized as a soluble anode. Hydrogen was electrochemically loaded into the palladium foil at 0 V vs. Zn in an electrolyte consisting of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulfuric acid and 4.6 mmol dm-3 zinc sulfate under various pressures for 6 hours. Subsequently, the palladium foil was coated with the zinc film at constant current density 25 mA cm-2 for 120 seconds under the high pressure. The specimen was removed from the electrolytic cell in the high-pressure vessel at ambient pressure, and the hydrogen concentration of the palladium hydride PdH x was determined by thermal desorption spectroscopy. Structural analysis was conducted using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results and discussion A number of bubbles were observed on the palladium foil surface during the electrolytic charging at ambient pressure. On the other hand, no bubbles were observed at 300 MPa. The zinc film with approximately 1.4 μm thick was coated on the PdH x surface after the electrolytic hydrogen charging. The hydrogen concentration of the PdH x was approximately x = 0.7 immediately after synthesis, which decreased to x = 0.2 without the zinc coating. On the other hand, the hydrogen concentration of the PdH x was maintained at least 1 week with the zinc coating. This result indicates that the zinc film acts as a barrier to hydrogen desorption from PdH x , and suggests that if the palladium superhydrides could be synthesized by electrolytic hydrogen charging under high pressure, it could be taken out to ambient pressure while maintaining its concentration. Reference 1) W. Guan, R. J. Hemley, and V. Viswanathan, PNAS, 118, e2110470118 (2021) Figure 1

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8

Talantsev, E. F., and R. C. Mataira. "Classifying superconductivity in ThH-ThD superhydrides/superdeuterides." Materials Research Express 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 016003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6770.

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9

Yao, Shichang, Chongze Wang, Shuyuan Liu, Hyunsoo Jeon, and Jun-Hyung Cho. "Formation Mechanism of Chemically Precompressed Hydrogen Clathrates in Metal Superhydrides." Inorganic Chemistry 60, no. 17 (August 9, 2021): 12934–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01340.

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10

Kvashnin, Alexander G., Ivan A. Kruglov, Dmitrii V. Semenok, and Artem R. Oganov. "Iron Superhydrides FeH5 and FeH6: Stability, Electronic Properties, and Superconductivity." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 8 (February 19, 2018): 4731–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01270.

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11

Bud’ko, Sergey L., Mingyu Xu, and Paul C. Canfield. "Trapped flux in pure and Mn-substituted CaKFe₄As₄ and MgB₂ superconducting single crystals." Superconductor Science and Technology 36, no. 11 (September 13, 2023): 115001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/acf413.

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Abstract Measurements of temperature dependent magnetization associated with trapped magnetic flux in single crystals of CaKFe4As4, CaK(Fe0.983Mn0.017)4As4 and MgB2 using zero-field-cooled and field-cooled protocols are presented. The results allow for the determination of the values of superconducting transition temperature, lower critical field and self-field critical current density. These are compared with the literature data. Possible experimental concerns are briefly outlined. Our results, on these known superconductors at ambient pressure, are qualitatively similar to those recently measured on superhydrides at megabar pressures (Minkov et al 2023 Nat. Phys. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02089-1) and, as such, hopefully serve as a baseline for the interpretation of high pressure, trapped flux measurements.

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12

Talantsev, Evgeny F. "The dominance of non-electron–phonon charge carrier interaction in highly-compressed superhydrides." Superconductor Science and Technology 34, no. 11 (September 15, 2021): 115001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac19f3.

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13

Ma, Yanming. "Clathrate superhydrides under high-pressure conditions: a class of extraordinarily hot conventional superconductors." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 77, a2 (August 14, 2021): C31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010876732109646x.

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14

Lv, Jian, Ying Sun, Hanyu Liu, and Yanming Ma. "Theory-orientated discovery of high-temperature superconductors in superhydrides stabilized under high pressure." Matter and Radiation at Extremes 5, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 068101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0033232.

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15

Wei, Yao, Elena Chachkarova, Evgeny Plekhanov, Nicola Bonini, and Cedric Weber. "Exploring the Effect of the Number of Hydrogen Atoms on the Properties of Lanthanide Hydrides by DMFT." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 3498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073498.

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Lanthanide hydrogen-rich materials have long been considered as one of the candidates with high-temperature superconducting properties in condensed matter physics, and have been a popular topic of research. Attempts to investigate the effects of different compositions of lanthanide hydrogen-rich materials are ongoing, with predictions and experimental studies in recent years showing that substances such as LaH10, CeH9, and LaH16 exhibit extremely high superconducting temperatures between 150–250 GPa. In particular, researchers have noted that, in those materials, a rise in the f orbit character at the Fermi level combined with the presence of hydrogen vibration modes at the same low energy scale will lead to an increase in the superconducting transition temperature. Here, we further elaborate on the effect of the ratios of lanthanide to hydrogen in these substances with the aim of bringing more clarity to the study of superhydrides in these extreme cases by comparing a variety of lanthanide hydrogen-rich materials with different ratios using the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) method, and provide ideas for later structural predictions and material property studies.

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16

Shen, Haoyu. "The investigation on exploring rare earth hydrides superconductors." Theoretical and Natural Science 9, no. 1 (November 13, 2023): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/9/20240775.

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This review provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions in the quest for high-temperature superconductivity using hydrogen-rich materials. Traditional superconductors often face limitations in terms of critical transition temperatures (Tc) and stability under high pressures. However, hydrogen-rich compounds offer promising avenues due to their strong electron-phonon coupling, elevated Debye temperatures, and high electronic density. Recent discoveries, such as H3S, have further invigorated the field. While an excess of H2-like units can adversely affect Tc, clathrate structures like CaH6 and YH6 present viable alternatives by fostering high symmetry. Rare earth hydrides, notable for their electron-donating capabilities, have undergone extensive testing. Isotope effect studies, as exemplified by LaH10 and LaD10, highlight the critical role of hydrogen vibrations in superconductivity. Ternary superhydrides incorporating dopant elements aim to reduce the pressure requirements for stability, with LaBeH8 emerging as a promising candidate, exhibiting a Tc of 110 K at 80 GPa. The review concludes by outlining future research directions, such as the incorporation of small-radius atoms to increase hydrogen content, a deeper understanding of the role of symmetry, and addressing challenges related to vibrational modes and structural stability.

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17

PINSOOK, Udomsilp. "Erratum to: In search for near-room-temperature superconducting critical temperature of metal superhydrides under high pressure: A review." Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals 32, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v32i4.1532.

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18

Fecker, Ann Christin, Matthias Freytag, Marc D. Walter, and Peter G. Jones. "Crystal structure of potassium triethylhydridoborate (`superhydride')." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 77, no. 6 (May 7, 2021): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989021004734.

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In the title compound, formally K+·C6H16B−, the contact sphere of potassium consists of eleven hydrogen atoms from three different anions, assuming an arbitrary cut-off of 3 Å. The shortest interaction, 2.53 (2) Å, involves the hydridic hydrogen H01, which fulfils a bridging function in the formation of chains of KHBEt3 units parallel to the a axis [K1—H01i 2.71 (2) Å, K1—H01—K1ii 126.7 (9)°, operators x∓1/2, −y + {3\over 2}, −z + 1].

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19

Tsuppayakorn-aek, Prutthipong, Udomsilp Pinsook, Wei Luo, Rajeev Ahuja, and Thiti Bovornratanaraks. "Superconductivity of superhydride CeH10 under high pressure." Materials Research Express 7, no. 8 (August 13, 2020): 086001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ababc2.

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20

Reddy, P. "Use of Lithiumtriethylborohydride (Superhydride) in Organic Chemistry." Synlett 2007, no. 10 (June 2007): 1627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-982541.

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21

Parhizgar, Sara, and Seyed Sebt. "Size distribution control of FePt nanocrystals by superhydride." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics 7, no. 1 (2013): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2251-7235-7-44.

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22

Weinhold, Frank. "Sulfur Tetrahydride and Allied Superhydride Clusters: When Resonance Takes Precedence." Chemistry – A European Journal 27, no. 22 (March 16, 2021): 6748–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202005420.

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23

Akashi, Ryosuke. "Evidence of Ideal Superconducting Sulfur Superhydride in a Pressure Cell." JPSJ News and Comments 16 (January 15, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpsjnc.16.18.

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24

Talantsev, E. F. "Comparison of highly-compressed C2/m-SnH12 superhydride with conventional superconductors." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 33, no. 28 (May 31, 2021): 285601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/abfc18.

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25

Saravanan, Padmanapan, Kapa Srinivasa Rao, Debabrata Mishra, Alagarsamy Perumal, and Venkatasubramanian Chandrasekaran. "One-Step Synthesis of Sm-Co Spherical Granules via Superhydride Reduction." Advanced Science Letters 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2010.1082.

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26

Wu, Jingjing, and Song Cao. "Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroarenes and Trifluorotoluenes with Superhydride (Lithium Triethylborohydride)." ChemCatChem 3, no. 10 (June 22, 2011): 1582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201100083.

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27

Dalavi, Shankar B., and Rabi N. Panda. "Magnetic properties of Nanocrystalline Co and Ni synthesized via superhydride reduction route." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 374 (January 2015): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2014.08.070.

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28

Sebt, S. A., and S. S. Parhizgar. "Superhydride Effect on Formation of Single Size Pt–Fe Core–Shell Nanoparticles." Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 67, no. 1 (August 20, 2013): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12666-013-0324-0.

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29

Wu, Jingjing, and Song Cao. "ChemInform Abstract: Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroarenes and Trifluorotoluenes with Superhydride (Lithium Triethylborohydride)." ChemInform 43, no. 13 (March 1, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201213046.

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30

Hong, Fang, Liuxiang Yang, Pengfei Shan, Pengtao Yang, Ziyi Liu, Jianping Sun, Yunyu Yin, Xiaohui Yu, Jinguang Cheng, and Zhongxian Zhao. "Superconductivity of Lanthanum Superhydride Investigated Using the Standard Four-Probe Configuration under High Pressures." Chinese Physics Letters 37, no. 10 (October 2020): 107401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/37/10/107401.

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31

Yee, Chanel K., Rainer Jordan, Abraham Ulman, Henry White, Alexander King, Miriam Rafailovich, and Jonathan Sokolov. "Novel One-Phase Synthesis of Thiol-Functionalized Gold, Palladium, and Iridium Nanoparticles Using Superhydride." Langmuir 15, no. 10 (May 1999): 3486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la990015e.

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32

Durajski, Artur P., and Radosław Szczęśniak. "New superconducting superhydride LaC₂H₈ at relatively low stabilization pressure." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 44 (2021): 25070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp03896f.

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A hitherto unreported LaC2H8 ternary system is dynamically and thermally stable above 70 GPa in a clathrate structure and exhibits a superconducting critical temperature, Tc, in the range of 69–140 K.

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33

Sukmas, Wiwittawin, Prutthipong Tsuppayakorn-aek, Udomsilp Pinsook, Rajeev Ahuja, and Thiti Bovornratanaraks. "Roles of optical phonons and logarithmic profile of electron-phonon coupling integration in superconducting Sc0.5Y0.5H6 superhydride under pressures." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 901 (April 2022): 163524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163524.

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34

Zhao, Wenwen, Jingjing Wu, and Song Cao. "Highly Efficient Nickel(II) Chloride/Bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)nickel(II) Chloride-Cocatalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroarenes and Trifluorotoluenes with Superhydride." Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 354, no. 4 (February 23, 2012): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.201100783.

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35

Dalavi, Shankar B., M. Manivel Raja, and Rabi N. Panda. "FTIR, magnetic and Mössbauer investigations of nano-crystalline FexCo1−x(0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) alloys synthesized via a superhydride reduction route." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 12 (2015): 9641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj01727k.

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36

Zhao, Wenwen, Jingjing Wu, and Song Cao. "ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Nickel(II) Chloride/Bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)nickel(II) Chloride-Cocatalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroarenes and Trifluorotoluenes with Superhydride." ChemInform 43, no. 28 (June 14, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201228036.

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37

Salke, Nilesh P., M. Mahdi Davari Esfahani, Youjun Zhang, Ivan A. Kruglov, Jianshi Zhou, Yaguo Wang, Eran Greenberg, et al. "Synthesis of clathrate cerium superhydride CeH9 at 80-100 GPa with atomic hydrogen sublattice." Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (October 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12326-y.

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Abstract Hydrogen-rich superhydrides are believed to be very promising high-Tc superconductors. Recent experiments discovered superhydrides at very high pressures, e.g. FeH5 at 130 GPa and LaH10 at 170 GPa. With the motivation of discovering new hydrogen-rich high-Tc superconductors at lowest possible pressure, here we report the prediction and experimental synthesis of cerium superhydride CeH9 at 80–100 GPa in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell coupled with synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Ab initio calculations were carried out to evaluate the detailed chemistry of the Ce-H system and to understand the structure, stability and superconductivity of CeH9. CeH9 crystallizes in a P63/mmc clathrate structure with a very dense 3-dimensional atomic hydrogen sublattice at 100 GPa. These findings shed a significant light on the search for superhydrides in close similarity with atomic hydrogen within a feasible pressure range. Discovery of superhydride CeH9 provides a practical platform to further investigate and understand conventional superconductivity in hydrogen rich superhydrides.

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38

Sun, Ying, Xin Zhong, Hanyu Liu, and Yanming Ma. "Clathrate metal superhydrides at high-pressure conditions: enroute to room-temperature superconductivity." National Science Review, October 31, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwad270.

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Abstract Room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-held dream of mankind and a focus of considerable interests in the research field of superconductivity. Significant progress has recently been achieved in hydrogen-based superconductors found in superhydrides (hydrides with unexpectedly high hydrogen content) that are stabilized at high pressure conditions and are not capturable at ambient conditions. Of particular interest is on the discovery of a class of best-ever-known superconductors in clathrate metal superhydrides that hold the record high superconductivity (e.g., Tc = 250–260 K for LaH10) among known superconductors and have a great promise to be the ones that realize the long-sought room-temperature superconductivity. In this peculiar clathrate superhydrides, hydrogen forms unusual “clathrate” cages containing encaged metal atoms, of which such a kind was first reported in a calcium hexa-superhydride (CaH6) showing a measured high Tc of 215 K under a pressure of 170 GPa. In this review, we aim to offer an overview on the current status of research progress on the clathrate metal superhydrides superconductor, discuss the superconducting mechanism, and highlight the key features (e.g., structure motifs, bonding features, and electronic structure, etc.) that govern the high-temperature superconductivity. Future research direction along this line to find room temperature superconductors will be discussed.

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39

Guo, Jianning, Su Chen, Wuhao Chen, Xiaoli Huang, and Tian Cui. "Advances in the Synthesis and Superconductivity of Lanthanide Polyhydrides Under High Pressure." Frontiers in Electronic Materials 2 (May 25, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/femat.2022.906213.

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Room-temperature superconductors have long been the ultimate goal of scientists. Pressure-stabilized hydrides are a new rapidly growing class of high-temperature superconductors and are believed to be a new superconducting system, undoubtedly leading to a surge in the discovery of new hydrogen-rich materials. They are the forefront of physics and material science. Lanthanide polyhydrides formed under pressure are promising conventional superconductors. Especially, both the theoretical and experimental reports on lanthanum superhydrides under pressure, exhibiting superconductivity at temperatures as high as 250 K, have further stimulated an intense search for room-temperature superconductors in hydrides. This review focuses on the recent advances of crystal structures, stabilities, and superconductivity of lanthanide polyhydrides at high pressures, including the experimental results from our group. By using in situ four-probe electrical measurements and the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique, we have identified several high-temperature superconducting phases: a lanthanum superhydride and two cerium superhydrides. The present work indicates that superconductivity declines along the La–Ce–Pr–Nd series, while magnetism becomes more and more pronounced. These discoveries have enriched the binary system of clathrate superhydrides and provided more hints for studying the role of rare earth metal elements having high-temperature superconductivity.

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40

Chen, Su, Yingcai Qian, Xiaoli Huang, Wuhao Chen, Jianning Guo, Kexin Zhang, Jinglei Zhang, Huiqiu Yuan, and Tian Cui. "High-temperature superconductivity up to 223 K in the Al stabilized metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride." National Science Review, April 20, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwad107.

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Abstract As compressed hydrides constantly refresh the records of superconducting critical temperatures (Tc) in the vicinity of room temperature, this further reinforces the confidence to find more high-temperature superconducting hydrides. In this process, metastable phases of superhydrides offer enough possibilities to access superior superconducting properties. Here we report a metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride (P63/mmc-LaH10) stabilized at 146 GPa by introducing an appropriate proportion of Al, which exhibits high-temperature superconductivity with Tc ∼ 178 K, and this value is enhanced to a maximum Tc ∼ 223 K at 164 GPa. A huge upper critical magnetic field value Hc2(0) reaches 223 T at 146 GPa. The small volume expansion of P63/mmc-(La, Al) H10 compared with the binary LaH10 indicates the possible interstitial sites of Al atoms filling into the La-H lattice, instead of forming conventional ternary alloy-based superhydrides. This work provides a new strategy for metastable high-temperature superconductors through the multiple-element system.

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41

Guan, Pin-Wen, Russell J. Hemley, and Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan. "Combining pressure and electrochemistry to synthesize superhydrides." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 46 (November 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2110470118.

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Significance Superhydrides are a materials system where near–room-temperature superconductivity has been achieved but only at very high (megabar) pressures. This work proposes an approach that combines pressure and electrochemistry to stabilize superhydrides at moderate pressures. Through a computational study of the palladium–hydrogen system, we construct electrochemical phase diagrams and show that electrochemically synthesizing superhydrides may be possible when combined with moderate pressures. We generalize this to other binary metal superhydrides of interest for superconductivity, including La, Y, and Mg hydrides.

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42

Wang, Yingying, Kui Wang, Yao Sun, Liang Ma, Yanchao Wang, Bo Zou, Guangtao Liu, Mi Zhou, and Hongbo Wang. "Synthesis and superconductivity in yttrium superhydrides under high pressure." Chinese Physics B, August 5, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ac872e.

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Abstract The flourishing rare earth superhydrides are a class of recently discovered materials that possess near-room-temperature superconductivity at high pressures, opening a new era of superconductivity research at high pressures. Among these superhydrides, yttrium superhydrides attracted great interest owing to their abundance of stoichiometries and excellent superconductivities. Here, we carried out a comprehensive study of yttrium superhydrides in a wide pressure range of 140-300 GPa. We successfully synthesized a series of superhydrides with the compositions of YH4, YH6, YH7, and YH9, and reported their superconducting transition temperatures of 82 K at 167 GPa, 218 K at 165 GPa, 29 K at 162 GPa, and 230 K at 300 GPa, respectively, which were evidenced by sharp drops of the resistance. The structure and superconductivity of YH4, which was taken as a representative example, were also examined by X-ray diffraction measurements and the suppression of the superconductivity under external magnetic fields, respectively. Clathrate YH10 as a candidate of room-temperature superconductor was not synthesized within the studied pressure and temperature ranges of up to 300 GPa and 2000 K. The current work created a detailed platform for further searching room-temperature superconductors in polynary yttrium-based superhydrides.

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43

Chen, Liu-Cheng, Tao Luo, Zi-Yu Cao, Philip Dalladay-Simpson, Ge Huang, Di Peng, Li-Li Zhang, et al. "Synthesis and superconductivity in yttrium-cerium hydrides at high pressures." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (February 28, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46133-x.

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AbstractFurther increasing the critical temperature and/or decreasing the stabilized pressure are the general hopes for the hydride superconductors. Inspired by the low stabilized pressure associated with Ce 4f electrons in superconducting cerium superhydride and the high critical temperature in yttrium superhydride, we carry out seven independent runs to synthesize yttrium-cerium alloy hydrides. The synthetic process is examined by the Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction measurements. The superconductivity is obtained from the observed zero-resistance state with the detected onset critical temperatures in the range of 97-141 K. The upper critical field towards 0 K at pressure of 124 GPa is determined to be between 56 and 78 T by extrapolation of the results of the electrical transport measurements at applied magnetic fields. The analysis of the structural data and theoretical calculations suggest that the phase of Y0.5Ce0.5H9 in hexagonal structure with the space group of P63/mmc is stable in the studied pressure range. These results indicate that alloying superhydrides indeed can maintain relatively high critical temperature at relatively modest pressures accessible by laboratory conditions.

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44

Bi, Jingkai, Yuki Nakamoto, Peiyu Zhang, Katsuya Shimizu, Bo Zou, Hanyu Liu, Mi Zhou, Guangtao Liu, Hongbo Wang, and Yanming Ma. "Giant enhancement of superconducting critical temperature in substitutional alloy (La,Ce)H9." Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (October 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33743-6.

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AbstractA sharp focus of current research on superconducting superhydrides is to raise their critical temperature Tc at moderate pressures. Here, we report a discovery of giant enhancement of Tc in CeH9 obtained via random substitution of half Ce by La, leading to equal-atomic (La,Ce)H9 alloy stabilized by maximum configurational entropy, containing the LaH9 unit that is unstable in pure compound form. The synthesized (La,Ce)H9 alloy exhibits Tc of 148–178 K in the pressure range of 97–172 GPa, representing up to 80% enhancement of Tc compared to pure CeH9 and showcasing the highest Tc at sub-megabar pressure among the known superhydrides. This work demonstrates substitutional alloying as a highly effective enabling tool for substantially enhancing Tc via atypical compositional modulation inside suitably selected host crystal. This optimal substitutional alloying approach opens a promising avenue for synthesis of high-entropy multinary superhydrides that may exhibit further increased Tc at even lower pressures.

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45

Semenok, Dmitrii V., Di Zhou, Alexander G. Kvashnin, Xiaoli Huang, Michele Galasso, Ivan A. Kruglov, Anna G. Ivanova, et al. "Novel Strongly Correlated Europium Superhydrides." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, December 9, 2020, 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03331.

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46

Zhang, Fu-Chun, Ho-Kwang Mao, and Xin-Cheng Xie. "The preface: toward higher Tc superconductivity under lower pressure: from binary to ternary superhydrides." National Science Review, July 3, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae210.

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47

Li, Xue, Hefei Li, and Hanyu Liu. "Pressure-Induced superconductivity in tantalum superhydrides." Materials Today Physics, November 2023, 101297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2023.101297.

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48

Troyan, Ivan A., Dmitrii V. Semenok, Anna G. Ivanova, Andrey V. Sadakov, Di Zhou, Alexander G. Kvashnin, Ivan A. Kruglov, et al. "Non‐Fermi‐Liquid Behavior of Superconducting SnH₄." Advanced Science, August 25, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202303622.

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AbstractThe chemical interaction of Sn with H2 by X‐ray diffraction methods at pressures of 180–210 GPa is studied. A previously unknown tetrahydride SnH4 with a cubic structure (fcc) exhibiting superconducting properties below TC = 72 K is obtained; the formation of a high molecular C2/m‐SnH14 superhydride and several lower hydrides, fcc SnH2, and C2‐Sn12H18, is also detected. The temperature dependence of critical current density JC(T) in SnH4 yields the superconducting gap 2Δ(0) = 21.6 meV at 180 GPa. SnH4 has unusual behavior in strong magnetic fields: B,T‐linear dependences of magnetoresistance and the upper critical magnetic field BC2(T) ∝ (TC – T). The latter contradicts the Wertheimer–Helfand–Hohenberg model developed for conventional superconductors. Along with this, the temperature dependence of electrical resistance of fcc SnH4 in non‐superconducting state exhibits a deviation from what is expected for phonon‐mediated scattering described by the Bloch‐Grüneisen model and is beyond the framework of the Fermi liquid theory. Such anomalies occur for many superhydrides, making them much closer to cuprates than previously believed.

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49

Zhang, Yiming, Meiling Xu, Jian Hao, and Yinwei Li. "Unveiling the Influence of Boron Clathrate Lattice on Superconductivity in Ternary Mg-La-B System." Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4tc01156b.

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The clathrate lattice plays a crucial role in determining the material properties, specifically concerning the high superconductivity in high-pressure superhydrides. This study focuses on elucidating the influence of the boron...

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50

Sun, Yuanhui, and Maosheng Miao. "Chemical Templates That Assemble the Metal Superhydrides." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4108215.

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