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Allcott, Hunt, Benjamin B. Lockwood, and Dmitry Taubinsky. "Should We Tax Sugar-Sweetened Beverages? An Overview of Theory and Evidence." Journal of Economic Perspectives 33, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 202–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.3.202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages are growing in popularity and have generated an active public debate. Are they a good idea? If so, how high should they be? Are such taxes regressive? People in the United States and some other countries consume remarkable quantities of sugar-sweetened beverages, and the evidence suggests that this generates significant health costs. Building on recent work, we review the basic economic principles that determine the socially optimal sugar-sweetened beverage tax. The optimal tax depends on (1) externalities, or uninternalized health system costs from diseases caused by sugary drink consumption; (2) internalities, or costs consumers impose on themselves by consuming too many sugary drinks due to poor nutrition knowledge and/or lack of self-control; and (3) regressivity, or how much the financial burden and the internality benefits from the tax fall on the poor. We summarize the empirical evidence about the key parameters that determine how large the tax should be. Our calculations suggest that sugar-sweetened beverage taxes are welfare enhancing and indeed that the optimal sugar-sweetened beverage tax rate may be higher than the 1 cent per ounce rate most commonly used in US cities. We end with seven concrete suggestions for policymakers considering a sugar-sweetened beverage tax.
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Kim, Hyeyoung, and Lisa A. House. "Linking Consumer Health Perceptions to Consumption of Nonalcoholic Beverages." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 43, no. 1 (April 2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500006870.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explored factors influencing consumers' beverage consumption. Consumers drank greater shares of beverages perceived as healthy and, in most cases, drank smaller shares of a beverage when they perceived alternative beverages as more healthy. One exception was carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages; the share of their consumption increased as health perceptions of 100 percent juice increased and vice versa. Another important determinant of beverage consumption share was objective and subjective health knowledge. Beverage drinking habit, which was measured by whether a beverage was consumed daily or weekly, was the most significant factor in explaining a beverage's diet share.
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Bipasha, Munmun Shabnam, Tahsin Sharmila Raisa, and Shatabdi Goon. "Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption among University Students of Bangladesh." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v6i2.6635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Drinking large amounts of sugary beverages can increase the risk of gaining weight and developing Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and other metabolic diseases. This study examined the preference, prevalence and pattern of sugar sweetened beverages consumption among university students of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out from February to April, 2017 among students attending in a private university of Bangladesh. One hundred fifty undergraduates responded (83.4% male, 15.9% female) in this study. Most students (95.4%) reported sugared beverage intake and 53.6% reported more than two days in a week intake. Male students were more likely than female students to report regular sugary beverages intake (85.4% vs. 14.5%). The main reasons for fast food consumption were: good taste and refreshing (80.1%), cost effective (6.6%), easy accessibility (2.6%), increased convenience (8.6%), peer influence (1.3%). Good taste and price were the most important factors in choosing beverages. Coca-Cola (49%), Fanta (25.8%), Sprite(9.9%) and Slice(14.6%) has been reported as mostly consumed beverages among students. Most students (54.5%) reported sugary beverages purchase from neighborhood convenient stores. 94.5% students said that if they would provide with healthful beverages within their food environment, they would prefer drinking healthful beverages (lemon water, non-sugary beverages) instead of sugar beverages. Self-reported sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among undergraduates is substantial and likely contributes considerable non-nutritive calories, which may contribute to weight gain. Specific health education programs, dietary guidelines and effective public awareness campaigns could be initiated to address the unhealthy drinking pattern of university students and improve their health.
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Pepin, Alexandra, Kimber L. Stanhope, and Pascal Imbeault. "Are Fruit Juices Healthier Than Sugar-Sweetened Beverages? A Review." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (May 2, 2019): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Free sugars overconsumption is associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors for metabolic diseases such as the alteration of the blood lipid levels. Natural fruit juices have a free sugar composition quite similar to that of sugar-sweetened beverages. Thus, could fruit juice consumption lead to the same adverse effects on health as sweetened beverages? We attempted to answer this question by reviewing the available evidence on the health effects of both sugar-sweetened beverages and natural fruit juices. We determined that, despite the similarity of fruits juices to sugar-sweetened beverages in terms of free sugars content, it remains unclear whether they lead to the same metabolic consequences if consumed in equal dose. Important discrepancies between studies, such as type of fruit juice, dose, duration, study design, and measured outcomes, make it impossible to provide evidence-based public recommendations as to whether the consumption of fruit juices alters the blood lipid profile. More randomized controlled trials comparing the metabolic effects of fruit juice and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption are needed to shape accurate public health guidelines on the variety and quantity of free sugars in our diet that would help to prevent the development of obesity and related health problems.
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Liu, Zeqi, Shanshan Li, and Jiaqi Peng. "Exploring the Relationship between Sugar and Sugar Substitutes—Analysis of Income Level and Beverage Consumption Market Pattern Based on the Perspective of Healthy China." Nutrients 14, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 4474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14214474.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper estimates the impact of income level on household beverage consumption, analyzes the consumption trends of sugar-sweetened beverages and sugar-free beverages in households, explores the future changes in the beverage consumption market pattern, and predicts the possible impact of the sugar industry on the development of sugar substitutes based on the beverage consumption data of Kantar Consumer Index in China from 2015 to 2017. The research results show that, firstly, there is an “inverted U-shaped” relationship between income level and household consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, which indicates that as income rises, household consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages tends to increase and then decrease. Secondly, income level has a positive effect on the household consumption of sugar-free beverages. Finally, in the future stage, with the further growth of income and the promotion of a healthy China, a large amount of sugar substitutes will be added to beverages instead of the original sugar, and the relationship between sugar and sugar substitute consumption will change from complementary to substitution. The findings of this paper have implications for encouraging food and beverage suppliers to produce “healthy”, “nutritious” and “innovative” low-sugar products to meet the health needs of residents and ensure the healthy and orderly development of the sugar industry.
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Murray, Stephanie, Colleen Loo-Gross, Mary Pham, Sonja Armbruster, Kelly Konda, and Elizabeth Ablah. "Assessing Legislative Interest for a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax in a Midwestern State." Kansas Journal of Medicine 8, no. 1 (February 27, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/kjm.v8i1.11510.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BACKGROUND: This study sought to ascertain the opinions of members of the Kansas Legislature regarding pending sugar-sweetened beverage taxation legislation, including perceptions that such a tax would generate revenue or be associated with personal sugar-sweetened beverage consumption habits. METHODS: This study utilized a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted by administering an electronic or telephone survey of the 2010-2011 Kansas Legislature. Publicly-listed contact information for the 165 members in both chambers of the 2010-2011 Kansas Legislature was obtained. State legislators were invited via e-mail, telephone, or both to complete the survey. The main outcome measure was the degree of agreement or disagreement with the idea of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation. RESULTS: Seventy-eight legislators (47.3%) responded. Of these, 90.5% disagreed or strongly disagreed with taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages, and 86.5% disagreed or strongly disagreed with taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages if generated funds were set aside to subsidize healthy choices. Party affiliation, geographic area represented, and personal consumption of sugar-sweetened behaviors were not associated significantly with legislators’ opinions of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of respondents in the Kansas Legislature reported opposing a sugar-sweetened beverage tax. While some respondents identified obesity as a problem, taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages was not a favorable option among Kansas legislators.
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Rivard, Cheryl, Danielle Smith, Susan E. McCann, and Andrew Hyland. "Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages: a survey of knowledge, attitudes and behaviours." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 8 (January 24, 2012): 1355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011002898.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveTo assess current beverage consumption patterns and anticipated reaction to an added 20 % tax on these products.DesignA random-digit dialled telephone interview lasting 20 min was administered to assess demographics, beverage consumption behaviours and intentions regarding consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in the event of an additional tax on these beverages.SettingRespondents were recruited throughout the USA.SubjectsThe study included 592 adults.ResultsSixty-nine per cent of respondents reported consuming at least one pre-packaged sugar-sweetened beverage in the past week; those who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages averaged seven pre-packaged beverages per week. Ninety-one per cent knew that frequent consumption of soft drinks increases risk of obesity. Thirty-six per cent supported a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages with greatest support among those aged 18–24 years, those with BMI < 30 kg/m2 and those with higher levels of education (P < 0·05). Over one-third of respondents said that they would cut back on their sweetened beverage consumption in the event of an added 20 % tax on these beverages.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that an added tax on these beverages could influence some to cut down on their consumption, reducing their risk of obesity and related illnesses.
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Grummon, Anna H., Christina A. Roberto, Hannah G. Lawman, Sara N. Bleich, Jiali Yan, Nandita Mitra, Sophia V. Hua, Caitlin M. Lowery, Ana Peterhans, and Laura A. Gibson. "Purchases of Nontaxed Foods, Beverages, and Alcohol in a Longitudinal Cohort After Implementation of the Philadelphia Beverage Tax." Journal of Nutrition 152, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 880–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background Evidence suggests that sweetened beverage taxes reduce taxed beverage purchases, but few studies have used individual-level data to assess whether these taxes affect purchases of nontaxed foods, beverages, and alcohol. Additionally, research has not examined whether sweetened beverage taxes influence restaurant purchases. Objectives We assessed changes in individuals’ purchases of taxed beverage types; low-calorie/low-added-sugar nontaxed beverages; high-calorie/high-added-sugar nontaxed beverages, foods, and alcohol; and beverages from restaurants following implementation of the 1.5 cent-per-ounce Philadelphia sweetened beverage tax. Methods A longitudinal cohort of adult sugar-sweetened beverage consumers in Philadelphia (n = 306; 67% female; mean age: 43.9 years) and Baltimore (n = 297; comparison city without a beverage tax; 58% female; mean age: 41.7 years) submitted all food and beverage receipts during 2-week periods at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months posttax. Difference-in-differences analyses compared changes in purchases from pre- to posttax in Philadelphia to changes in Baltimore. Results Purchases of taxed juice drinks [ratio of incidence rate ratios (RIRR) = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42–0.91], but not other taxed beverage types, decreased in Philadelphia compared to Baltimore following the tax. Analyses did not find changes in purchases of low-calorie/low-added-sugar nontaxed beverages, such as water or milk. Additionally, analyses did not find increases in purchases of most high-calorie/high-added-sugar nontaxed products, including alcohol, juice, candy, sweet snacks, salty snacks, and desserts. Purchases of beverage concentrates increased in Philadelphia (RIRR = 2.22; 95% CI, 1.39–3.54). Conclusions In this difference-in-differences analysis, the Philadelphia beverage tax was associated with reduced purchases of taxed juice drinks. Purchases of beverage concentrates increased after the tax, but no increases were observed for other high-calorie/high-added-sugar nontaxed foods, beverages, or alcohol.
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Yi, So-Yun, Lyn M. Steffen, James G. Terry, David R Jacobs, Daniel Duprez, Brian T. Steffen, Xia Zhou, James M. Shikany, Lisa Harnack, and John J Carr. "Added sugar intake is associated with pericardial adipose tissue volume." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 27, no. 18 (June 28, 2020): 2016–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047487320931303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships of pericardial adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue volume with added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverage intakes. We hypothesized that both added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages were positively associated with pericardial adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue volumes in black and white men and women enrolled in the prospective Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Methods and results Dietary intake was assessed by diet history at baseline, year 7 and year 20 examinations in 3070 participants aged 18-30 and generally healthy at baseline. After 25 years follow-up, participants underwent a computed tomography scan of chest and abdomen; the computed tomography scans were read, and pericardial adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes were calculated. Quintiles were created for the average of baseline, year 7 and year 20 added sugar and for the average of sugar-sweetened beverages. General linear regression analysis evaluated the associations of pericardial adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue volumes across quintiles of added sugar and across quintiles of sugar-sweetened beverage intakes adjusted for potential confounding factors. In a multivariable model, pericardial adipose tissue volume was higher across increasing quintiles of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverage intakes ( ptrend = 0.001 and ptrend < 0.001, respectively). A similar relation was observed for visceral adipose tissue ( ptrend < 0.001 for both added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages). Conclusions Long-term intakes of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages were associated with higher pericardial adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes. Because these ectopic fat depots are associated with greater risk of disease incidence, these findings support limiting intakes of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages.
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Veitch, Jenny, Amika Singh, Maartje M. van Stralen, Willem van Mechelen, Johannes Brug, and Mai JM ChinAPaw. "Reduction in sugar-sweetened beverages is not associated with more water or diet drinks." Public Health Nutrition 14, no. 8 (October 29, 2010): 1388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010002727.
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AbstractObjectiveThe Dutch Obesity Intervention in Teenagers (DOiT) is a school-based randomised controlled trial that was effective in decreasing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents. The present study examined, using mediation analysis, whether this decrease in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages could be explained by an increase in the consumption of water or diet drinks.DesignParticipants completed a questionnaire about their beverage consumption at baseline and at 8 months (immediately post-intervention), 12- and 20-month follow-ups. A series of multi-level linear regression analyses were performed to examine water and diet drink consumption as potential mediators of the intervention effect on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.SettingEighteen Dutch secondary schools.SubjectsA total of 747 adolescents (mean age: 12·7 years).ResultsIn addition to the DoiT intervention effect of a reduction in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages at 8 months (−284 ml/d; 95 % CI −420, −148) and 12 months (−260 ml/d; 95 % CI −360, −160), there was also a significant reduction in diet drinks at 8 months (−52 ml/d; 95 % CI −89, −16). There was no significant difference in water consumption at any follow-up. The decrease in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption could not be explained by an increase in water or diet drink consumption at any time point.ConclusionsInterventions aimed at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption may be effective without changing consumption of other beverages. Reducing sugar-sweetened beverages was, however, a main message of the DOiT intervention. It is possible that a concomitant promotion of water may have resulted in a greater increase in water intake and replacement of sugar-sweetened beverages with water.
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Budai, B. Cs, and A. Lichthammer. "Sugar sweetened beverages consumption among female university students." Developments in Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2066.2021.00038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the consumption frequency of sugar sweetened beverages, physical activity, BMI values and their relationships among university students.Material/MethodsThe data collection has been carried out with the help of questionnaires. The target population were students between the ages of 18 and 30, who study at the Faculty of Health Sciences (67 students) or at the Faculty of Humanities (64 students). The frequency of beverage consumption was assessed with a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) designed for sugar sweetened beverages and physical activity with the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.ResultsThe most frequently consumed sugar sweetened beverage was freshly squeezed or 100% fruit juice in both faculties. The difference between the average BMI of the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.035). A non-significant relationship was found between BMI and sugar sweetened beverages consumption.ConclusionsThe most consumed sugar sweetened beverage was freshly squeezed or 100% fruit juice, but it contains a lot of added sugar that contributes to developing overweight. Health education programmes are needed to teach the students of every faculty about healthy drink consumption.
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Bobade, Olaitan, and Afusat Ozoh. "The Effect of School Food Environment on Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Among Adolescents in Selected Secondary Schools in Ibadan, Nigeria." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 6 (June 24, 2022): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220627.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is a behaviour commonly shared among adolescent friendship groups especially in schools, where there is a high availability of such beverages. Due to the likelihood for this dietary habit to continue into adulthood, adolescents should be targeted for interventions to decrease sugar-sweetened beverages intake. This study investigated how the school environment impacts the consumption pattern of sugar-sweetened beverages in adolescents in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted among 100 adolescents from 2 secondary schools. Consumption pattern of sugar-sweetened beverages was collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Data on exposure to sugar-sweetened beverages was collected by the interviewer. Carbonated soft drinks and fruit drinks were the only sugar-sweetened beverages categories assessed. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data with significance judged at p<0.05. Results: There was high exposure to sugar-sweetened beverages within the school food environment. Carbonated soft drink was the more frequently consumed beverage. Majority (67.1%) of the respondents consumed either of the two sugar-sweetened beverages at least 7 times in a week. However, when comparing frequency and location of consumption, both beverages were individually consumed more frequently outside school. Overall, there was no significant association between the school-food environment and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption pattern. Conclusion: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents may be associated with other environmental influences outside schools. Public health nutrition interventions to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents should not be limited to schools alone. Key words: Sugar-sweetened beverages, adolescents, school food environment.
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Sitohang, Marya Yenita. "Reducing the Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among Children and Adolescents." Populasi 30, no. 1 (June 28, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jp.75801.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study focused on the link between sugary beverage intake and health consequences, especially in children and adolescents. Children and adolescents consumed more sugary beverages than the general population, increasing their risk of developing excessive weight gain in the future, which may lead to significant health consequences. While there are few studies about sugary drink consumption among Indonesian children and adolescents, there is a need to control the increasing trend of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in Indonesia. This study looked into studies from other countries to learn more about the determinants of sugary drink consumption, the challenges of reducing sugary drink consumption, and various policies to reduce sugary drink consumption among children and adolescents. Using a scoping review, this study examined 21 papers that were relevant to the study’s objectives. Several researches have linked excessive sugary drinks to a variety of negative health effects in children and adolescents, including an increase in unhealthy weight gain, the onset of hypertension, an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Determinants of sugary drinks consumption among children and adolescents were socioeconomic status, physical activities, dietary behaviour, parents, and home environment. This study also discovered several policies in different countries intended to reduce sugary drink consumption, such as taxation, institutional changes, and raising awareness. Findings from this study may guide future research on sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among Indonesian children and adolescents, as well as raise the awareness among stakeholders, such as parents, children and adolescents, health professionals, and policymakers, on the need of preventing excessive sugar-sweetened beverage intake.
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Ng, Shu Wen, Juan A. Rivera, Barry M. Popkin, and M. Arantxa Colchero. "Did high sugar-sweetened beverage purchasers respond differently to the excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Mexico?" Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 4 (December 14, 2018): 750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001800321x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveTo estimate changes in taxed and untaxed beverages by volume of beverage purchased after a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax was introduced in 2014 in Mexico.DesignWe used household purchase data from January 2012 to December 2015. We first classified the sample into four groups based on pre-tax purchases of beverages: (i) higher purchases of taxed beverages and lower purchases of untaxed beverages (HTLU-unhealthier); (ii) higher purchases of both types of beverages (HTHU); (iii) lower purchases of taxed and untaxed beverages (LTLU); and (iv) lower purchases of taxed beverages and higher purchases of untaxed beverages (LTHU-healthier). Next, we estimated differences in purchases after the tax was implemented for each group compared with a counterfactual based on pre-tax trends using a fixed-effects model.SettingAreas with more than 50 000 residents in Mexico.ParticipantsHouseholds (n 6089).ResultsThe HTLU-unhealthier and HTHU groups had the largest absolute and relative reductions in taxed beverages and increased their purchases of untaxed beverages. Households with lower purchases of untaxed beverages (HTLU-unhealthier and LTLU) had the largest absolute and relative increases in untaxed beverages. We also found that among households with higher purchases of taxed beverages, the group with lowest socio-economic status had the greatest reduction in purchases of taxed beverages.ConclusionsEvidence associating the SSB tax with larger reductions among high purchasers of taxed beverages prior to the tax is relevant, as higher SSB purchasers have a greater risk of obesity, diabetes and other cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Cicero, Arrigo F. G., Federica Fogacci, Giovambattista Desideri, Elisa Grandi, Elisabetta Rizzoli, Sergio D’Addato, and Claudio Borghi. "Arterial Stiffness, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Fruits Intake in a Rural Population Sample: Data from the Brisighella Heart Study." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 5, 2019): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112674.
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Introduction: There is conflicting information linking fruit and fructose intake with cardiometabolic disorders. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the association between intake of fruits and sugar-sweetened beverages, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a non-invasive marker of arterial aging, in a large population sample. Methods: For this study, we selected four age and sex-matched subgroups from the last Brisighella Heart Study population survey, after exclusion of those in secondary prevention for cardiovascular diseases, affected by gout and moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (defined as eGFR < 60 mL/min), and/or actively treated with direct vasodilating drugs (calcium-antagonists, alpha-blockers, nitrates). The remaining subjects were classified into four groups: (1) low fruit and low sugar-sweetened beverage intake (LFLB), (2) high fruit and low sugar-sweetened beverage intake (HFLB), (3) low fruit and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake (LFHB), (4) high fruit and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake (HFHB). Results: CfPWV was significantly elevated in subjects consuming a higher fructose load, particularly when it was derived from industrially sweetened beverages (pooled LFHB & HFHB: 9.6 ± 2.3 m/s; pooled LFLB & HFLB: 8.6 ± 2.3 m/s, p < 0.001). Moreover, the main predictors of cfPWV values were serum uric acid (B = 0.391, 95%CI 0.321–0.486, p = 0.001), fructose load from both fruits and sugar-sweetened beverages (B = 0.310, 95%CI 0.099–0.522, p = 0.004), triglycerides (B = 0.228, 95%CI 0.117–0.389, p = 0.018), fasting plasma glucose (B = 0.015, 95%CI 0.008–0.022, p < 0.001) and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (B = −0.043, 95%CI −0.052–−0.035, p < 0.001). Conclusion: our data suggest that increased intake of fructose derived from industrial sweetened beverages, though not from fruits, is associated with higher pulse wave velocity.
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Wierzejska, Regina Ewa. "The Impact of the Sweetened Beverages Tax on Their Reformulation in Poland—The Analysis of the Composition of Commercially Available Beverages before and after the Introduction of the Tax (2020 vs. 2021)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 14464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114464.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to estimate changes in the composition of carbonated and non-carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages before and after the introduction of the beverage tax in Poland. Based on the labels of 198 drinks, the composition and nutritional values of the drinks were compared. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney test was applied to compare the differences in the sugar and juice content as well as energy value. After the introduction of the tax, the median sugar content in the carbonated beverages decreased from 8.6 g to 6.9 g/100 mL (p = 0.004), while in the non-carbonated beverages, it decreased from 5.5 g to 4.8 g/100 mL (p < 0.001). In the entire beverage group, there was a significant drop in the proportion of beverages that contained >5 g of sugars/100 mL (44.4% in 2021 vs. 70.2% in 2020). The median juice content in the carbonated beverages increased from 1.0% to 3.3% (p = 0.121), but totalled 20.0% for both periods in the non-carbonated beverages. The percentage of beverages with a tax-exempt composition (juice content ≥ 20% and sugar content ≤ 5 g/100 mL) almost tripled. After the introduction of the tax, beneficial changes in the compositions of 62% of the analysed beverages were observed in terms of their sugar and/or juice content.
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Valicente, Vinicius (Vinnie), Nana Gletsu-Miller, and Cordelia Running. "Study Protocol: Sensory Effects of Replacing Sugar Sweetened Sodas With Unsweetened, Flavored Sparkling Water." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac072.032.
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Abstract Objectives Excess sugar consumption contributes to numerous chronic diseases. Prior work has typically emphasized replacing sugar-sweetened beverages, a key source of excess dietary sugar, with low-calorie sweetened beverages. Our protocol aims to instead replace sugar sodas with unsweetened, flavored sparkling water products, which are available in the same containers and at comparable prices to sugary sodas. Methods Participants who consume at least 2 sugar-sweetened sodas per day are being recruited for this project. Flavored, unsweetened sparkling waters will be provided to participants for 2 weeks, with sensory evaluations at baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks. At the end of the 2-week intervention, we will provide participants with information on the costs and how to find the flavored, unsweetened sparkling water products. Two weeks post intervention, participants will be asked whether they continued to consume the sparkling waters or if they reverted back to sugar-sweetened soda consumption. We will use linear mixed models with subject as a repeated measure to determine the effect of replacement of sugar-sweetened sodas beverages with sparkling waters on: liking of sweetness in soda-like beverages, “just about right” concentration of sugar/intensity of sweetness in soda-like beverages, and post-intervention beverage selection. Results As this is a protocol abstract, results have yet to be obtained. However, we hypothesize that participants who comply with substituting sparkling waters for sweetened sodas will exhibit sensory shifts to prefer lower concentrations of sugar and liking for lower sweetness intensity in beverages. We expect these participants will also report continuing to consume the sparkling water products at 2 weeks post intervention. Conclusions Data from this study will inform future work on whether commercially available water products could shift sensory preferences for sweetness, which could aid in interventions to curb added sugar intake. Funding Sources This study is supported by a Pilot and Feasibility Award within the Indiana CTSI/CDMD, an initiative funded by the NIH/NIDDK.
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Zhong, Yichen, Amy H. Auchincloss, Brian K. Lee, Ryan M. McKenna, and Brent A. Langellier. "Sugar-Sweetened and Diet Beverage Consumption in Philadelphia One Year after the Beverage Tax." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041336.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In January 2017, Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) implemented an excise tax ($ 0.015/ounce) on sugar-sweetened and diet beverages. This study is a general population-based study to report on the longer-term impacts of the tax on within-person changes in consumption 12 months after implementation. A quasi-experimental difference-in-difference design was used to contrast Philadelphia vs. nearby comparison cities (Trenton, New Jersey; Camden, New Jersey; and Wilmington, Delaware) at baseline (December 2016–January 2017) vs. 12-month follow-up (December 2017–February 2018). A random-digit-dialing phone survey was administered to a population-based cohort. Analyses assessed changes in 30-day consumption frequency and ounces of sugar-sweetened and diet beverages (and a substitution beverage, bottled water) in the analytic sample (N = 515). After 12 months, relative to the comparison group, Philadelphians were slightly more likely to decrease their frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (39.2% vs. 33.5%), and slightly less likely to increase their frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (38.9% vs. 43.0%). The effects of the tax estimated in the adjusted difference-in-difference analysis were very small (for example, changes in monthly sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in Philadelphia relative to comparison cities was −3.03 times or −51.65 ounces) and confidence intervals were very wide. Results suggested that, one year after implementation, there was no major overall impact of the tax on general population-level consumption of sugar-sweetened or diet beverages, or bottled water. Future studies should test whether the tax’s effect differs in vulnerable sub-populations.
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Redmond, Leslie C., Brittany Jock, Fariba Kolahdooz, Sangita Sharma, Marla Pardilla, Jacqueline Swartz, Laura E. Caulfield, and Joel Gittelsohn. "A multi-level, multi-component obesity intervention (Obesity Prevention and Evaluation of InterVention Effectiveness in NaTive North Americans) decreases soda intake in Native American adults." Public Health Nutrition 25, no. 3 (November 29, 2021): 770–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020001172.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjective:To evaluate the impact of a multi-level, multi-component (MLMC) adult obesity intervention on beverage intake in Native American adults living in five geographically and culturally diverse tribal communities.Design:A 14-month, community-randomised, MLMC design was utilised, with three communities randomised to Intervention and two communities randomised to Comparison. FFQ were administered pre- and post-interventions, and difference-in-differences (DiD) analysis was used to assess intervention impact on beverage intake.Setting:The intervention took place within food stores, worksites, schools and selected media outlets located in the five communities. Key activities included working with store owners to stock healthy beverages, display and dispersal of educational materials, support of policies that discouraged unhealthy beverage consumption at worksites and schools and taste tests.Participants:Data were collected from 422 respondents between the ages of 18 and 75 living in the five communities pre-intervention; of those, 299 completed post-intervention surveys. Only respondents completing both pre- and post-intervention surveys were included in the current analysis.Results:The DiD for daily servings of regular, sugar-sweetened soda from pre- to post-intervention was significant, indicating a significant decrease in Intervention communities (P < 0·05). No other changes to beverage intake were observed.Conclusions:Large, MLMC obesity interventions can successfully reduce the intake of regular, sugar-sweetened soda in Native American adults. This is important within modern food environments where sugar-sweetened beverages are a primary source of added sugars in Native American diets.
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Moorhead, S. Anne, M. Barbara E. Livingstone, Adrian Dunne, and Robert W. Welch. "The level of carbonation of a sugar-sweetened beverage preload affects satiety and short-term energy and food intakes." British Journal of Nutrition 99, no. 6 (June 2008): 1362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507871662.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with increased incidence of overweight and obesity, and a factor underlying this putative link could be the relatively low levels of satiety that may be induced by these beverages. Although many sugar-sweetened beverages are carbonated, little attention has been given to the potential effects of level of carbonation on satiety and subsequent intakes. We hypothesized that increasing the level of carbonation in a sugar-sweetened beverage would increase satiety and decrease intakes in the short term. Using a randomized, within-subject cross-over design, thirty non-obese subjects (fifteen women, fifteen men) participated on three occasions, 1 week apart. Following a standard breakfast, subjects consumed a beverage preload 10 min before consuming a lunch ad libitum. Preloads were the same sugar-sweetened beverage (400 ml, 639 kJ) with three levels of carbonation, which were low (1·7 volumes), medium (2·5 volumes) and high (3·7 volumes). Satiety was assessed using visual analogue scales and intakes were measured at the lunch and for the rest of the day. Compared with the beverage with low carbonation, consumption of the beverages with medium and high carbonation led to significantly (P < 0·05) higher satiety until lunch, when intakes of food and energy were significantly (P < 0·05) lower. There were no significant effects on satiety following lunch or on intakes for the rest of the day. This short-term study suggests that the level of carbonation may need to be taken into account when assessing potential effects of beverages on satiety and intake.
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Morgan, Kelly, Emily Lowthian, Jemma Hawkins, Britt Hallingberg, Manal Alhumud, Chris Roberts, Simon Murphy, and Graham Moore. "Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption from 1998–2017: Findings from the health behaviour in school-aged children/school health research network in Wales." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): e0248847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248847.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To date no study has examined time trends in adolescent consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks, or modelled change in inequalities over time. The present study aimed to fill this gap by identifying historical trends among secondary school students in Wales, United Kingdom. The present study includes 11–16 year olds who completed the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey and the Welsh School Health Research Network (SHRN) survey between 1998 to 2017. Multinomial regression models were employed alongside tests for interaction effects. A total of 176,094 student responses were assessed. From 1998 to 2017, the prevalence of daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption decreased (57% to 18%) while weekly consumption has remained constant since 2006 (49% to 52%). From 2013 to 2017, daily consumption of energy drinks remained stable (6%) while weekly consumption reports steadily decreased (23% to 15%). Boys, older children and those from a low socioeconomic group reported higher consumption rates of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks. Consumption according to socioeconomic group was the only characteristic to show a statistically significant change over time, revealing a widening disparity between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption rates of those from low and high socioeconomic groups. Findings indicate a positive shift in overall consumption rates of both sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks. Adolescents from a low socioeconomic group however were consistently shown to report unfavourable sugar-sweetened beverages consumption when compared to peers from high socioeconomic group. Given the established longer term impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage and energy drink consumption on adolescent health outcomes, urgent policy action is required to reduce overall consumption rates, with close attention to equity of impact throughout policy design and evaluation plans.
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Beck, Amy L., Alicia Fernandez, Jenssy Rojina, and Michael Cabana. "Randomized Controlled Trial of a Clinic-Based Intervention to Promote Healthy Beverage Consumption Among Latino Children." Clinical Pediatrics 56, no. 9 (May 29, 2017): 838–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922817709796.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study was to evaluate an educational module for Latino parents about the health effects of sweet beverages. Latino parents were randomized to receive the beverage module or a control module. Child beverage consumption was assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, 2 months, and 3 months via a beverage recall survey. At 2-week follow-up, children of intervention participants had a mean reduction in 7-day total sugar-sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice consumption of 16 ounces while controls had a mean increase of 4 ounces ( P = .01). At 2-month and 3-month follow-up, there was a reduction in mean total sugar-sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice consumption among both intervention and control children. An educational module on beverages for Latino parents reduced child consumption of sweet beverages at 2-week follow-up. However, study participation appears to have also reduced controls’ beverage consumption suggesting that frequent intensive surveys of beverage intake may be an intervention unto itself.
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Gómez-Miranda, Luis Mario, Ricardo Ángel Briones-Villalba, Melinna Ortiz-Ortiz, Jorge Alberto Aburto-Corona, Diego A. Bonilla, Pilar Pozos-Parra, Roberto Espinoza-Gutiérrez, Juan José Calleja-Núñez, José Moncada-Jiménez, and Marco Antonio Hernández-Lepe. "Association between Body Mass Index with Sugar-Sweetened and Dairy Beverages Consumption in Children from the Mexico–USA Border." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 6403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116403.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has been associated with the onset of cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to describe consumption patterns of sugar-sweetened and dairy beverages and to evaluate their correlation with the body mass index in children residing at the Mexico–USA border. A total of 722 (370 girls, 352 boys) elementary school children aged 9 to 12 years from Tijuana, Mexico, participated in the study. Anthropometric measures were recorded, and a beverage intake questionnaire was completed by the children’s parents. Significant age by sex interactions were found on body mass index Z-scores (p < 0.01). Boys showed higher sugar intake (p < 0.05) and total relative energy consumption from sugar (p < 0.05) than girls. The energy consumption from sugar-sweetened and dairy beverages was similar between sexes (p > 0.05). Sugar intake from beverages was higher than the limit recommended by the World Health Organization in boys (66%) and girls (44%). A high frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and similar intake of dairy beverages were found in children from the Mexico–USA border. The high consumption of sugar exceeds international recommendations and should be carefully monitored.
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Mei, Jeannie, Aarohee Fulay, and Cindy Leung. "Associations Between College-Student Food Insecurity and Diet at a Large, Public Midwestern University." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_094.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives Food insecurity, a state of not being able to consistently access nutritious food, is an issue that 43% of students on college campuses experience. This study examines the associations between food insecurity and dietary intake in a sample of undergraduate students at a large, public Midwestern university. Methods A Qualtrics survey was completed by 1033 students, recruited from three dining halls as part of a different sugar-sweetened beverage intervention study. Baseline data, collected prior to the intervention, were used in the present study. Food security was assessed using the 6-item Short Form Food Security Survey Module and dietary intake was assessed using the National Cancer Institute 26-item Dietary Screener Questionnaire and the Beverage Intake Questionnaire-15. Generalized linear regression models were used to examine differences in dietary intake by student's food security status. Results After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, food-insecure students reported 9% lower intake of fruits, 9% lower intake of vegetables, 10% higher intake of dairy, 6% higher intake of total added sugars, 10% higher intake of added sugars from sugar-sweetened beverages, 4% higher intake of calcium, and 4% lower intake of fiber, compared to food-secure students. With respect to beverage intake, food-insecure students had 55% higher intake of fruit drinks, 148% higher intake of energy drinks, 129% higher intake of sweetened teas, 46% higher intake of flavored milk, 54% higher intake of total sugar-sweetened beverages, and 66% higher intake of diet soda. Conclusions Despite having similar access to university dining halls, there were significant differences in the diets of college students by food security status, providing more reason to increase food insecurity awareness among college students and contribute to initiatives to alleviate food insecurity, such as on-campus food pantry programs. Funding Sources This study was supported by a grant from Poverty Solutions at the University of Michigan.
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Buso, Marion, Naomi Novita, Hendriek Boshuizen, Jo Harrold, Anne Raben, Jason Halford, Jeanne De Vries, Edith Feskens, and Elske Brouwer-Brolsma. "Prevalence and Validity of Sugar and High-Intensity Sweeteners Consumption Assessed by a General FFQ, Multiple 24-H Recalls, and Urinary Biomarkers – The SWEET Project." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac067.007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives Inconsistencies in prospective studies investigating sugars and sweeteners with health may be partly due to inaccurate self-reported intake estimates. We compared the relative validity of two self-reported dietary methods and urinary biomarkers to estimate the intake of sugars and sweeteners using data of free-living Dutch adults. Methods We included 848 participants with one food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and ≥3 24-h recalls from the NQplus study. Intakes of sugars (mono and disaccharides, sucrose, fructose, free sugars, and added sugars), sugary foods, and sweetened beverages (sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), Low/Non-calorie beverages (LNCB), and fruit juice) were estimated by using the Dutch food composition table. A sub-sample of 288 participants provided 3 repeated urine samples to measure the urinary sugar and sweetener concentrations. Measurement error models were used to calculate, ICCs, proportional scaling bias (βx), validity coefficients (VC), and attenuation factors (AF). Results According to 24 h-recall data, most sugars and sweet foods/beverages had a high day-to-day variation (ICC ≤ 0.56). Under-reporting (βx < 1) between the FFQ and the multiple recalls was highest for sugary foods and beverages (0.57 to 0.66), and lowest for sugars (0.68 to 0.81). VCs ranged from 0.49 (sugary foods) to 0.74 (SSB), suggesting a moderate to good agreement between the methods for most sugars and for sweet beverages. AFs ranged from 0.42 (sugary foods) to 0.96 (SSB), indicating that the FFQ tends to underestimate the associations between sugars or sweet foods and disease compared to the recalls. The high AFs for LNCB (0.93) and SSB (0.96) suggested that the under-estimation of the diet-disease association was minimal for these beverages when using the FFQ instead of recalls. Compared to men, women showed more day-to-day variation, more under-reporting, and lower VC and AF, except with LNCB. In general, only slight differences between BMI categories were observed. Results of the biomarkers are expected in April. Conclusions Overall, the FFQ showed moderate to good ranking performance compared to multiple 24 h-recalls for sugars and sweet foods. Funding Sources This EU project under the acronym “SWEET” has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program.
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Barraj, Leila M., Xiaoyu Bi, Mary M. Murphy, Carolyn G. Scrafford, and Nga L. Tran. "Comparisons of Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality among Water-Based Beverage Consumers." Nutrients 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020314.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Americans are encouraged to reduce intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Zero and low-calorie water-based beverages can provide alternative options to SSB, though limited data are available to understand measures of diet quality across different beverage consumer groups. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to quantify intake of added sugars, total sugars, carbohydrates, and diet quality among consumers of zero-calorie unsweetened beverages (ZCUB) compared to SSB; and, separately, among consumers of low- and no-calorie sweetened beverages (LNCSB) when compared to SSB. Dietary data from the 2009–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed among three life stages by SSB, ZCUB, and LNCSB consumer groups and adjusted for participant characteristics and energy intake. Across all life stages, ZCUB and LNCSB consumers had lower mean intakes of total sugars, added sugars, and carbohydrates when compared to SSB consumers. Diet quality as measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) was also higher among ZCUB and LNCSB consumers compared to SSB consumers in analyses adjusted for participant characteristics. These results indicate that reduction of SSB from dietary patterns and replacement with ZCUB or LNCSB could help Americans improve overall diet quality.
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Piekara, Agnieszka, and Małgorzata Krzywonos. "Assessment of the Frequency of Sweetened Beverages Consumption among Adults in Poland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: in the context of the ongoing obesity epidemic and increase in cases of metabolic disorders among the population, it is significant, from the health, nutritional, and economic point of view, to a look at the habits of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption of adults in Poland. This study aims to determine the sweetened beverages, which are the most popular and most frequently consumed by Polish consumers in correlation with sex, age, income, and education of the studied group of adults. Methods: The survey study was based on the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) and was conducted on a representative sample of 500 adult Poles, within the period from May to June 2020. The fundamental stage of the survey included the question, which asked the respondents to assess the frequency of consuming selected eleven sweetened or unsweetened beverages. Socio-economic characteristics of the respondents were considered when evaluating whether these factors aligned with the behaviors regarding the frequency of beverage consumption. Results: The consumption of SSBs tends to decrease along with consumer’s age. A decrease, which could be associated with level of consumers’ education level and correlation with income could not be verified. Adults drink sugar sweetened beverages less often than younger consumers, and women drink them less often than men. Conclusions: Identification of the frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage intake can indicate directions for further national or regional action against the spread of obesity. Moreover, attention should be drawn to young males who consume beverages abundant in high sugar most often.
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Essman, Michael, Barry Popkin, Camila Corvalán, Marcela Reyes, and Lindsey Taillie. "Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among Chilean Preschoolers and Adolescents in 2016: A Cross-Sectional Analysis." Nutrients 10, no. 11 (November 15, 2018): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111767.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Chile has the highest sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) sales of any country and a growing burden of childhood obesity. This study examines SSB intake in Chilean children after a 5% SSB tax increase in 2014 but prior to marketing, labeling, and school policies implemented in 2016. Methods: 24-h recalls were collected in 2016 from two cohorts comprised of preschoolers 3–5 years of age (n = 961) and adolescents 12–14 years of age (n = 770) from low–moderate income neighborhoods. Beverages were categorized as regulated or unregulated according to whether they exceeded nutrient thresholds established by the 2016 policies. Results: Preschoolers consumed mainly beverage calories from regulated dairy beverages and substitutes (109 kcal, SD 30), unregulated dairy beverages (102 kcal, SD 24), and regulated fruit and vegetables drinks (44 kcal, SD 20). For adolescents, the greatest contributions came from regulated sodas (77 kcal, SD 47), regulated dairy beverages and substitutes (41 kcal, SD 16), and unregulated coffee and tea (41 kcal, SD 11). Overall, regulated beverages provided a greater proportion of calories than unregulated for preschoolers (15.0% vs. 11.8%) and for adolescents (9.1% vs. 5.0%). Conclusions: Before major policy implementation, regulated beverages accounted for a higher percentage of energy intake than unregulated beverages among both age groups. Future research will be needed to evaluate the impact of Chile’s new policies on sugary beverage intake in children.
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Nurjayanti, Eva, Nur Setiawati Rahayu, and Anna Fitriani. "Nutritional knowledge, sleep duration, and screen time are related to consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage on students of Junior High School 11 Jakarta." ARGIPA (Arsip Gizi dan Pangan) 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2020): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22236/argipa.v5i1.3878.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in adolescents is still high, because of the sinful lifestyle, like not getting enough sleep and high screen time. The study aims to determine the relationship of nutritional knowledge, the role of parents, duration of sleep, and screen time with the level of consumption of sweetened-beverage. This study used a cross-sectional design with systematic random sampling. The number of subjects was on 165 students of class VII and VIII of Junior High School 11 Jakarta. Data nutritional knowledge, parental roles, sleep duration, and screen time were obtained from interviews using a questionnaire. The level of consumption of sweetened drinks was obtained from interviews using Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires (SQ-FFQ). Most subjects had a high level of consumption of sweet-beverages (60.6%), good nutritional knowledge (64.8%), the role of parents is classified at risk (50.9%), less duration of sleep (77%) and high screen time (72.1%). There was a relationship between nutritional knowledge, sleep duration, and screen time with the level of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.
Keywords: Nutritional Knowledge, Screen Time, Sleep Duration, Sugar-Sweetened Beverage
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Mutuku, Caren Waithera. "Influence of Academic Qualification on Employment in Hotels. A Critical Literature Review." Journal of Modern Hospitality 1, no. 1 (November 6, 2022): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jmh.1094.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: The hospitality industry is one of the largest employers and among the highest revenue earners in Kenya. The overall objective of this study was to examine influence of parent attitude toward consumption of sugary products by their children.
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: This study concluded that established that frequency of consumption of Sugar products varies depending on the type of beverage, and that overall, the more than half of the students’ surveyed reported consuming high amounts of sugar-sweetened beverages. Observations from the study showed that energy drinks were the least consumed while sugar-sweetened beverages like tea, coffee and cocoa were the most highly consumed sugary products. By volume, 300ml packing was most preferred by all respondents across all classes of study. Moderate nutritional knowledge on possible effects of sugary products such as weight gain and dental erosion was observed among respondents.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that the ministry of health in conjunction with the ministry of education to incorporate nutritional literacy in the education programs both to the parents and the children to be aware of the demerits of consuming sugary products. This will also contribute to change in attitude and eventually change in behavior.
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Mutembei, Josiah Mutembei. "Influence of Parent Attitude toward Consumption of Sugary Products by their Children. A Critical Literature Review." Journal of Modern Hospitality 1, no. 1 (November 4, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jmh.1093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: The hospitality industry is one of the largest employers and among the highest revenue earners in Kenya. The overall objective of this study was to examine influence of parent attitude toward consumption of sugary products by their children.
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: This study concluded that established that frequency of consumption of Sugar products varies depending on the type of beverage, and that overall, the more than half of the students’ surveyed reported consuming high amounts of sugar-sweetened beverages. Observations from the study showed that energy drinks were the least consumed while sugar-sweetened beverages like tea, coffee and cocoa were the most highly consumed sugary products. By volume, 300ml packing was most preferred by all respondents across all classes of study. Moderate nutritional knowledge on possible effects of sugary products such as weight gain and dental erosion was observed among respondents.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that the ministry of health in conjunction with the ministry of education to incorporate nutritional literacy in the education programs both to the parents and the children to be aware of the demerits of consuming sugary products. This will also contribute to change in attitude and eventually change in behavior.
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Annisa, Nabila Rifka, Fillah Fithra Dieny, Choirun Nissa, and A. Fahmy Arif Tsani. "Sugar-sweetened beverages as risk factor of central obesity among women in reproductive age." Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) 8, no. 2 (June 2, 2020): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jgi.8.2.126-133.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Several risk factors for central obesity include high Sugar-sweetened Beverages (SSBs) intake, lack of physical activity, and lack of sleep duration. High fructose corn syrup, the sweetener used in SSBs, increase body weight because of the bad effect of insulin secretion and leptin release. The fructose from this beverage can increase visceral adiposity accumulation. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the intake of Sugar-sweetened Beverages (SSBs), physical activity, and sleep duration as risk factors for central obesity among women in the reproductive AgeMethods: This study used case-control design consists of 38Subjects in case and control groups. All women were in childbearing age (20-29 years) selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data taken were weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Food intake and sugar-sweetened beverage intake were obtained by using Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency (SQ-FFQ) questionnaire. Physical activity data were obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaire. Sleep duration data were obtained using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Chi-Square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results: There were a significant relationship between Sugar Sweetened Beverages intake (p = 0.002, OR =5.926), energy intake of SSBs (p = 0.035, OR = 2.979) physical activity (p = 0.035, OR = 0.3111), duration of morning sleep / afternoon (p = 0.000; OR = 9.44) and sleep duration (p = 0.028, OR = 4.42) with central obesity. But there were no significant relationship between energy intake (p = 0.375), carbohydrates (p = 0.1), protein (p = 0.3), fat (p = 0.1) and fibers with central obesity.Conclusion: High intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, short duration of night's sleep and the duration>2 hours/day of a long day sleep are risk factors for increasing the incidence of central obesity among Women in reproductive Age.
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Reijnen, Ester, Swen J. Kühne, and Reto Ritter. "A Healthier Beverage Choice is Based on a Subjective Assessment of Sweet Taste." Journal of Food Research 10, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v10n2p47.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite promising interventions to lower people’s daily sugar consumption, such as health- or taste-focused labels, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) continues to rise. To improve the effectiveness of existing labels, the way people process sugar amounts in grams (g) as displayed on beverages seems to merit elucidation. For example, do people perceive the difference in the amount of sugar, and thus in the subjective sweet taste, between two beverages according to Weber’s law? Additionally, is that perceived difference the cause of their beverage choice? In order to investigate these questions, participants in this online experiment first had to estimate the sugar difference between two beverages based on grams and then decide whether they would switch to a lower-sugar beverage. We found that participants’ different estimates followed Weber’s law. The choice of the lower-sugar beverage, however, depended on how large they personally perceived that difference. In other words, the choice was independent of the ratio. These results show that future labels, rather than indicating the total amount of sugar, should indicate whether the reduction, for example in the amount of sugar compared to another beverage, was perceived as significant by others.
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Ah Han, Mi. "Water Drinking and its Correlation with Beverage Consumption in Korean Adolescents." American Journal of Health Behavior 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.45.1.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: Water intake has been recognized as a critical factor for important health outcomes. This study was an investigation of the status of water drinking and its correlation with beverage consumption among Korean adolescents. Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study included Korean adolescents (N = 57,302) from the 15th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2019). Descriptive statistical and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the water-drinking behavior during a previous 7-day period according to the general characteristics of the adolescents. Associations were tested between water drinking and beverage consumption (carbonated beverages, sugar-sweetened beverages, energy/high-caffeine drinks, and milk). Results: Overall, 4.1% of adolescents drank less than one glass, 19.6% drank one to 2 glasses, 23.1% drank 3 glasses, 17.8% drank 4 glasses, and 35.4% drank ≥ 5 glasses of water per day during the last 7 days. The distribution of water drinking differed according to the characteristics of adolescents and was associated with the frequencies of consumption of carbonated drinks, and sugar-sweetened drinks. More than 3 times the carbonated drink (aOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.19-1.38) and sugar-sweetened drink consumption (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.16-1.34) were associated with lower water drinking. Conclusions: Higher consumption of carbonated and sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with less water drinking.
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Rocha, Luana Lara, Milene Cristine Pessoa, Lucia Helena Almeida Gratão, Ariene Silva do Carmo, Cristiane de Freitas Cunha, Tatiana Rezende Prado Rangel de Oliveira, and Larissa Loures Mendes. "Health behavior patterns of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among Brazilian adolescents in a nationally representative school-based study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): e0245203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245203.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Studies on sugar-sweetened beverage consumption patterns can help in the individual and population level management of chronic non-communicable diseases and other conditions. This study aimed to identify the association between health behavior patterns and the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among Brazilian adolescents from a nationally representative school-based study. A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 71,553 adolescents aged 12–17 years who attended public and private schools in Brazilian cities, from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents. Principal component analysis was performed to identify health behavior patterns, and ordered logistic regression was performed to identify the association between health behavior patterns and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (mL/day) was used as the dependent variable. The analyses were performed using Stata software version 14.0 with a significance level of 0.05. Patterns 2 (alcoholic beverage and smoking habit) and 3 (ultra-processed food and screen time) of health behaviors and regularly purchasing snacks in the school cafeteria increased the odds of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, while pattern 1 (water, unprocessed and minimally processed food and physical activity) decreased these odds. The adoption of healthy habits can indirectly stimulate the adoption of other habits beneficial to health. These results indicate the importance of adopting a set of regulatory measures to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption.
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Lawman, Hannah G., Sara N. Bleich, Jiali Yan, Sophia V. Hua, Caitlin M. Lowery, Ana Peterhans, Michael T. LeVasseur, Nandita Mitra, Laura A. Gibson, and Christina A. Roberto. "One-year changes in sugar-sweetened beverage consumers’ purchases following implementation of a beverage tax: a longitudinal quasi-experiment." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 112, no. 3 (July 3, 2020): 644–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background Few longitudinal studies examine the response to beverage taxes, especially among regular sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumers. Objective This study aimed to examine changes in objectively measured beverage purchases associated with the Philadelphia beverage tax on sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverages. Methods A longitudinal quasi-experiment was conducted with adult sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumers in Philadelphia (n = 306) and Baltimore (n = 297; a nontaxed comparison city). From 2016 to 2017 participants submitted all food and beverage receipts during a 2-wk period at: baseline (pretax) and 3, 6, and 12 mo posttax (91.0% retention; data analyzed in 2019). Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the difference-in-differences in total purchased ounces (fl oz) of taxed beverages in a 2-wk period in Philadelphia compared with Baltimore. Secondary analyses: 1) excluded weeks that contained major holidays at baseline and 12 mo (42% of measured weeks at baseline and 12 mo) because policy implementation timing necessitated data collection during holidays when SSB demand may be more inelastic, and 2) aggregated posttax time points to address serial correlation and low power. Results There were no statistically significant changes in purchased ounces of taxed beverages in Philadelphia compared with Baltimore in the primary analysis. After excluding holiday purchasing, the tax was associated with statistically significant reductions of taxed beverage purchases at 3 and 6 mo (−157.1 ounces, 95% CI: −310.1, −4.1 and −175.1 ounces, 95% CI: −328.0, −22.3, respectively) but not 12 mo. Analyses aggregating all 6 wk of posttax time points showed statistically significant reductions (−203.7 ounces, 95% CI: −399.6, −7.8). Conclusions A sweetened beverage tax was not associated with reduced taxed beverage purchases among SSB consumers 12 mo posttax in the full sample. Both secondary analyses excluding holiday purchasing or aggregating posttax time periods found reductions in taxed beverage purchases ranging from −4.9 to −12.5 ounces per day. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to further understand tax effects.
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Lan, Tuo, Mei Wang, AnnaLynn M. Williams, Matthew J. Ehrhardt, Emily R. Finch, Jennifer Q. Lanctot, Shu Jiang, et al. "Abstract PR014: Sugar Intake and premature aging in adult survivors of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime (SJLIFE) Cohort." Cancer Research 83, no. 2_Supplement_1 (January 15, 2023): PR014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.agca22-pr014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: In the general population, sugar intake is associated with a wide range of adverse health conditions related to premature aging, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of premature aging and mortality compared to their healthy peers and may be especially vulnerable to adverse consequences of excess sugar intake. Objective: To examine the association between sugar and sugar-sweetened beverage intake and premature aging in childhood cancer survivors. Method: A total of 3,322 adult survivors of childhood cancer (age range 18-65 years; mean age: 31 years) in SJLIFE self-reported their typical diet using the 110-item Block Food Frequency Questionnaire. Added sugars included all sugars added to foods during preparation or processing. Total sugar-sweetened beverages are the sum of regular and diet soda and fruit-flavored drinks. Survivors’ sociodemographics, cancer histories, and health conditions were abstracted from medical records. Premature aging was assessed using the Deficit Accumulation Index (DAI) that was a ratio of the number of age-related chronic health conditions each survivor had out of 45 conditions total. The DAI was categorized into low (<0.2), medium (0.2-0.34), and high (>0.35) aging risk groups. Multinomial logistic regressions (reference: low aging risk group) adjusting for confounders, including sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, cancer treatments, and overall diet quality, were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Survivors’ average total sugar intake was 120 g/day and added sugar intake was 71 g/day. 41% of survivors consumed sugar-sweetened beverages ≥1 time/day, and 26% consumed soda daily; 75% of soda consumed was regular (vs. diet). Survivors with higher consumption of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black and have lower educational attainment and income. Total sugar intake was associated with a significantly increased risk of premature aging (per 25 g/1,000 kcal increment, OR=1.31 [95% CI: 1.00-1.70] in the medium-risk group; OR=1.52 [95% CI: 1.03-2.25] in the high-risk group). Added sugar intake was associated with a 19% (OR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.31, per 20 g/1,000 kcal increment) and an 18% (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.37) increased risk of premature aging in the medium- and high-risk group, respectively. Consuming ≥2 servings/day (vs. ≤ 1/week) of total sugar-sweetened beverage was also related to an increased risk of premature aging (OR=1.54 [95% CI: 0.83-2.83] in the medium-risk group; OR=6.71 [95% CI: 2.95-15.2] in the high-risk group). Regular soda, but not diet soda, consumption was associated with premature aging risk. Conclusion: Higher consumption of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with an increased risk of premature aging in childhood cancer survivors. Intervention efforts to reduce sugar intake among this vulnerable population are needed. Citation Format: Tuo Lan, Mei Wang, AnnaLynn M. Williams, Matthew J. Ehrhardt, Emily R. Finch, Jennifer Q. Lanctot, Shu Jiang, Kevin R. Krull, Gregory T. Armstrong, Melissa M. Hudson, Graham A. Colditz, Leslie Robison, Kirsten K. Ness, Yikyung Park. Sugar Intake and premature aging in adult survivors of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime (SJLIFE) Cohort [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Aging and Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-20; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_1):Abstract nr PR014.
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Janzi, Suzanne, Emily Sonestedt, Esther Gonzá lez-Padilla, Stina Ramne, Sara Bergwall, Linda Johnson, and Yan Borné. "Is There a Sweet Spot of Added Sugar Consumption for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention?" Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac067.029.
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Abstract Objectives Little is known about the role that added sugar consumption plays in development of cardiovascular disease, as there is a lack of studies investigating the long-term effects of added sugar intake as well as studies of overall added sugar intake rather than sugar-sweetened beverages only. In this study we investigated the associations between intake of added sugar and various sugar-sweetened foods and beverages and cardiovascular disease risk. Methods Diet and lifestyle assessments were carried out in 1997 and 2009 in a total of 69,705 participants from The Swedish Mammography cohort and Cohort of Swedish men. National registers were used for outcome ascertainment. Results Added sugar intake is linearly associated with ischemic stroke and abdominal aortic aneurysm (p-trend < 0.01) and non-linearly associated with heart failure, aortic stenosis, and atrial fibrillation, whereas no associations were found between added sugar intake and hemorrhagic stroke nor heart failure. Intake of treats and toppings are negatively associated with most of the studied outcomes whereas positive linear associations were found between sweetened beverage intake and ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and abdominal aortic aneurysm (p-trend < 0.01). Conclusions The results show that the associations and shapes of the associations vary depending on cardiovascular disease and source of added sugar, and ultimately emphasize the adverse health effects of sweetened beverage consumption. Funding Sources Swedish Research Council.
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Sawyer, Lauren, Vanessa M. Oddo, Amanda Fretts, Melissa A. Knox, Nadine Chan, Brian E. Saelens, and Jessica C. Jones-Smith. "Impacts of the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax on the Perceived Healthfulness of Sweetened Beverages." Nutrients 14, no. 5 (February 26, 2022): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14050993.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sweetened beverage taxes are associated with significant reductions in the purchase of sweetened beverages. However, it is unclear whether these taxes play a role in shifting perceptions about sweetened beverages and their health impacts. We utilized pre- and post-tax survey data collected from residents in Seattle, WA, a city that implemented a sweetened beverage tax in 2018 and from residents in an untaxed comparison area. We used income-stratified difference-in-difference linear probability models to compare net changes in the perceived healthfulness of overall sweetened beverage consumption and of different types of sugary beverages over time and across income groups. We found significant increases in the percentage of Seattle respondents with lower incomes who agreed that sweetened beverage consumption raises the risk of diabetes (DD = 9 percentage points (pp) (95% CI: 5 pp, 13 pp); p = 0.002), heart disease (DD = 7 pp (95% CI: 2 pp, 12 pp); p = 0.017), and serious health problems (DD = 12 pp (95% CI: 5 pp, 19 pp); p = 0.009), above and beyond changes in the comparison area. The most prominent changes in perceived health impacts of sweetened beverages were found among lower-income Seattle respondents, while fewer changes were found among higher-income Seattle respondents. Future work could examine the relationship between exposure to pro-tax messaging and changes in consumer perceptions of sweetened beverages.
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Aida Aliah Abu Bakar, Napisah Hussin, Abbe Maleyki Mhd. Jalil, and Marhazlina Mohamad. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION AND BODY MASS INDEX AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN KUALA NERUS, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.2/art.323.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Overweight and obesity are major health concerns in Malaysia, which are linked to other health consequences such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and several others. Among dietary factors, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are reported to be one of the leading factors of weight gain and a higher body mass index (BMI). Sugar-sweetened beverages are beverages with added sugar that only add calories to an individual’s normal diet and they represent the largest contributor to the added sugars intake. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of SSB consumption among university students in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, as well as to investigate the association between the students’ SSB consumption and their BMI. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) Gong Badak Campus and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) students by using the convenience sampling. Each participant was given a questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic details, anthropometric assessment and beverage intake. The results revealed that half of the students consumed 2 cups (500 mL) of SSBs on average days (49.4%), whereas 21.7% of them consumed at least 3 cups daily. It was found that sweetened tea was the students’ most preferred SSB and there was also an association between the SSB consumption and the BMI. In conclusion, university students in Kuala Nerus drink 2 cups of SSBs daily and sweetened tea is their preferred SSB. Since the students’ SSB consumption influences their BMI, these students must be aware on the contents of SSB and the related health consequences in order to reduce the consumption of these beverages and hence, reduce their BMI to a healthy level.
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Czoli, Christine D., Amanda C. Jones, and David Hammond. "Trends in sugary drinks in Canada, 2004 to 2015: a comparison of market sales and dietary intake data." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 15 (July 4, 2019): 2723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019001654.
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AbstractObjective:The current study aimed to examine the correspondence between sales data and dietary recall data for sugary drinks in Canada.Design:Repeat cross-sectional analysis of sales data for sugary drinks sold in Canada from 2004 to 2015 from two sources: GlobalData (GD) and Euromonitor (EM). Sugary drinks included ten beverage categories containing free sugars. Analyses examined sales volumes over time, with adjustment for population growth. National intake estimates were drawn from the 2004 and 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Nutrition.Setting:Canada.Participants:Not applicable.Results:In 2015, daily per capita sugary drinks consumption was estimated as 356 ml (GD) and 443 ml (EM) from sales data sources, and as 277 ml from dietary recall data. Both sales data sources and dietary recall data indicated that per capita sugary drinks consumption decreased from 2004 to 2015, although the magnitude of this change differed: −23 % (GD), −17 % (EM) and −32 % (CCHS Nutrition). Market sales data showed similar trends among categories of sugary drinks, with decreases in sales of traditional beverage categories (e.g. carbonated soft drinks) and increases in novel categories (e.g. sugar-sweetened coffee).Conclusions:All data sources indicate a declining trend in sugary drinks consumption between 2004 and 2015, but with considerable differences in magnitude. Consumption estimates from sales data were substantially higher than estimates from dietary recall data, likely due to under-reporting of beverage intake through dietary recall and the inability of sales data to account for beverages sold but not consumed. Despite the observed decline, sugary drinks sales volumes remain high in Canada.
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York, D. A. "Sugar-sweetened beverages." Obesity Reviews 14, no. 8 (July 19, 2013): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/obr.12050.
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Morin, Karen H. "Sugar-Sweetened Beverages." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 38, no. 3 (2013): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nmc.0b013e3182856d9f.
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Meldgaard, Maiken, Nis Brix, Anne Gaml-Sørensen, Andreas Ernst, Cecilia Høst Ramlau-Hansen, Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg, Karin Sørig Hougaard, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde, and Gunnar Toft. "Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened or Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Semen Quality in Young Men: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020682.
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Background: Existing literature suggests that frequent consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks may be associated with lower semen quality. Studies performed in mice suggest a dose-response relationship between intake of saccharin or aspartame, two artificial sweeteners, and sperm and testis function. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on data from The Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) Cohort, including 1047 young men (mean age = 19 years) was performed. Each male participant completed an online questionnaire on health, health behavior and diet, and provided a semen sample. The associations between consumption of sugar-sweetened or artificially sweetened beverages (moderate ≥ 3 days/week; infrequent < 3 days/week) and semen quality were analyzed using a multivariable, negative, binomial regression model. Results: Sugar-sweetened or artificially sweetened beverage consumption was not strongly associated with either semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count or total motility in young men. The proportion of morphologically normal sperm was 11% lower (0.89 (95% CI 0.76, 1.04)) for moderate (≥3 days/week) consumption of artificially sweetened beverages relative to infrequent (<3 days/week). Conclusion: Consumption of sugar-sweetened or artificially sweetened beverages, at the levels present in this study had limited effect on the measured markers of semen quality in young men.
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Harrington, Susan. "The Role of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Adolescent Obesity: A Review of the Literature." Journal of School Nursing 24, no. 1 (February 2008): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405080240010201.
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Soft drink consumption has increased by 300% in the past 20 years, and 56–85% of children in school consume at least one soft drink daily. The odds ratio of becoming obese among children increases 1.6 times for each additional can or glass of sugar-sweetened drink consumed beyond their usual daily intake of the beverage. Soft drinks currently constitute the leading source of added sugars in the diet and exceed the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s recommended total sugar consumption for adolescents. With the increase in adolescent obesity and the concurrent increase in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the assumption infers a relationship between the two variables. SSB, classified as high–glycemic index (GI) liquids, increase postprandial blood glucose levels and decrease insulin sensitivity. Additionally, high-GI drinks submit to a decreased satiety level and subsequent overeating. Low-GI beverages stimulate a delayed return of hunger, thereby prompting an increased flexibility in amounts and frequencies of servings. Single intervention manipulation, elimination, or marked reduction of SSB consumption may serve to decrease caloric intake, increase satiety levels, decrease tendencies towards insulin resistance, and simplify the process of weight management in this population.
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Zahid, Arwa, and Marla Reicks. "A Newsletter/Text Message Intervention Promoting Beverage-Related Parenting Practices: Pilot Test Results." Health Promotion Practice 20, no. 6 (June 6, 2018): 897–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839918779381.
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Positive beverage parenting practices may reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption by children and prevent potential health problems. An online newsletter/text message intervention was conducted with parents of children 6 to 12 years to improve beverage parenting practices. Newsletters and text messages were sent weekly over a 4-week period providing gain-framed messages encouraging parenting practices including role modeling and controlling home beverage availability. Pre–post surveys included measures of home availability of beverages and parent beverage intake as an indication of parenting practices. Parents were primarily White, well-educated, and female. About one third lived in rural areas. Results from 100 parents with pre–post data from baseline to 4 weeks showed decreased reported home availability of regular soda pop (p = .008), decreased parent intake of sweetened beverages (p = .004), and decreased parent-reported child intake of regular soft drinks (p = .001), and sweetened juice drink beverages (p < .0001). Most parents (82%) reported reading all three newsletters and indicated that the information provided was relevant (93%). A brief newsletter/text message intervention may be a positive and convenient approach to promote positive beverage parenting practices.
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Fuentealba, Natalia Rebolledo, Marcela Reyes, Camila Corvalan, Barry Popkin, and Lindsey Smith Taillie. "Do Sugary Drink Policies Increase Purchases of Non-Calorically Sweetened Beverages? Evidence from Chile." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_106.
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Abstract Objectives Chile's 2016 on food labeling and advertising reduced household (HH) sugary drink purchases by 24%. However, it is unclear if this regulation was also associated with a subsequent increase in non-calorically sweetened (NCS) beverage purchases, nor who is most likely to be a top consumer of NCS beverages. Methods We used longitudinal monthly-level data from Kantar WorldPanel Chile 2015–2017 (HH = 2383) linked to yearly updated nutrition facts panel data to examine changes in NCS beverage purchases from the pre-implementation period (January 2015-June 2016) to the post-implementation period (July 2016-December 2017). Beverages were categorized into 4 mutually exclusive groups: CS: sweetened with caloric sweeteners, NCS: sweetened with non-caloric sweeteners, CS + NCS: sweetened with both sweeteners, and unsweetened. For the pre-implementation period, we used multinomial logistic regression to model HH sociodemographic predictors (head of HH educational level, HH assets, HH composition and region) of being in tertiles of NCS beverages volume purchased. We estimated the changes in beverage volume purchases between pre- and post-implementation using linear regression models adjusted for HH sociodemographic characteristics and month of data collection to account for seasonality. Results HH with higher education (35%) and HH assets (38%) were more likely to be high NCS beverages purchasers, while HH with lower education (37%) and HH assets (42%) were more likely to be low NCS beverages purchasers. After policy implementation, volume of purchases of NCS beverages increased by 6.2 mL/capita/day (95% CI: 4.7, 7.6), while volume of CS, CS + NCS and unsweetened beverages purchases decreased by 24.6 mL (95% CI: −27.5, −21.7), 4.3 mL (95% CI: −6.4, −2.2) and 16.4 mL (95% CI: −20.8, −12.1), respectively. Conclusions In Chile, people of high SES purchase more NCS beverages. After policy implementation, the volume of CS, NCS + CS and unsweetened beverages decreased while the volume of NCS sweetened beverages increased. Funding Sources Bloomberg Philanthropies, International Development Research Centre, and Chilean National Agency of Research and Development. This project was also supported by the Carolina Population Center.
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Rebholz, Casey M., Bessie A. Young, Ronit Katz, Katherine L. Tucker, Teresa C. Carithers, Arnita F. Norwood, and Adolfo Correa. "Patterns of Beverages Consumed and Risk of Incident Kidney Disease." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 14, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.06380518.
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Background and objectivesSelected beverages, such as sugar-sweetened beverages, have been reported to influence kidney disease risk, although previous studies have been inconsistent. Further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate all types of beverages in association with CKD risk to better inform dietary guidelines.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted a prospective analysis in the Jackson Heart Study, a cohort of black men and women in Jackson, Mississippi. Beverage intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline (2000–2004). Incident CKD was defined as onset of eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and ≥30% eGFR decline at follow-up (2009–13) relative to baseline among those with baseline eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between the consumption of each individual beverage, beverage patterns, and incident CKD. Beverage patterns were empirically derived using principal components analysis, in which components were created on the basis of the linear combinations of beverages consumed.ResultsAmong 3003 participants, 185 (6%) developed incident CKD over a median follow-up of 8 years. At baseline, mean age was 54 (SD 12) years, 64% were women, and mean eGFR was 98 (SD 18) ml/min per 1.73 m2. After adjusting for total energy intake, age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, history of cardiovascular disease, and baseline eGFR, a principal components analysis–derived beverage pattern consisting of higher consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks, and water was associated with significantly greater odds of incident CKD (odds ratio tertile 3 versus 1 =1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 2.41).ConclusionsHigher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with an elevated risk of subsequent CKD in this community-based cohort of black Americans.
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Teng, Andrea M., Murat Genç, Josephine Herman, Louise Signal, Danny Areai, and Nick Wilson. "Impact of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes on price, import and sale volumes in an island: interrupted time series analysis." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 7 (January 18, 2021): 1828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021000185.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjective:To evaluate the impact of changes in import tariffs on sweetened beverages.Design:Interrupted time series analysis was used to examine sweetened beverage tariff increases of 40–60 % in 2008 and to 75 % in 2012, and an approximately 11 % decrease in 2014 when an excise tax replaced the tariff. Post-tax trends were compared with a counterfactual modelled on the pre-tax trend for: quarterly price of an indicator beverage, monthly beverage import volumes (both 2001–2017) and quarterly sales volumes (2012–2017). In a controlled analysis, taxed beverage imports were compared with a sugary snacks control.Setting:Cook Islands.Participants:NA.Results:In the first year, after the 2008 tariff increase the price of the selected indicator soft drink increased by 7·3 % (95 % CI 6·3 %, 8·3 %) but after the 2012 tariff increase it decreased by 13·9 % (95 % CI –14·9 %, –12·8 %). At the same time, the import volumes of taxed beverages decreased by 13·2 % (95 % CI –38·1 %, 17·8 %) and 2·9 % (95 % CI –41·6 %, 72·5 %), respectively, and decreased by 24·8 % (95 % CI –36·9, –9·8) and 10·2 % (95 % CI –37·1, 37·5) in the controlled analysis. After the 2014 tax decrease, the price of the indicator soft drink decreased by 23·6 % (95 % CI –26·0 %, –21·1 %), sweetened beverage imports increased by 4·5 % (95 % CI –39·5 %, 156·0 %) and sales of full-sugar soft drinks increased by 31 % (95 % CI –21 %, 243 %).Conclusions:The increased import tariffs on sweetened beverages appeared to be effective for reducing import volumes, but this was partly reversed by the reduced tax/tariff in 2014.
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Ye, Xingwang, Xiang Gao, Tammy Scott, and Katherine L. Tucker. "Habitual sugar intake and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Puerto Ricans without diabetes." British Journal of Nutrition 106, no. 9 (June 1, 2011): 1423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511001760.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intake of added sugars, mainly fructose and sucrose, has been associated with risk factors for cognitive impairment, such as obesity, the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this analysis was to examine whether habitual intakes of total sugars, added sugars, sugar-sweetened beverages or sweetened solid foods are associated with cognitive function. The present study included 737 participants without diabetes, aged 45–75 years, from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, 2004–9. Cognitive function was measured with a battery of seven tests: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), word list learning, digit span, clock drawing, figure copying, and Stroop and verbal fluency tests. Usual dietary intake was assessed with a validated FFQ. Greater intakes of total sugars, added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages, but not of sugar-sweetened solid foods, were significantly associated with lower MMSE score, after adjusting for covariates. Adjusted OR for cognitive impairment (MMSE score < 24) were 2·23 (95 % CI 1·24, 3·99) for total sugars and 2·28 (95 % CI 1·26, 4·14) for added sugars, comparing the highest with lowest intake quintiles. Greater intake of total sugars was also significantly associated with lower word list learning score. In conclusion, higher sugar intake appears to be associated with lower cognitive function, but longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the direction of causality.