Дисертації з теми "Sugar industry in Queensland"
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1
Stanford, Lawrence John. "The Queensland raw sugar industry : government regulation and assistance /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ECM/09ecms785.pdf.
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2
Henderson, Tracy May. "A systems approach to the evaluation of sugar research and development activities /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18659.pdf.
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3
Latta, James Edward. "Communication in Queensland's geographic information industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1991. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36384/1/36384_Latta_1991.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This Research Project examines methodology used by
the Mapping and Surveying Industry, Industry Advisory
Council to respond to change occurring within
Queensland's Geographic Information "Industry". The word
industry is written in "parenthesis" because it yet has
to be proven that a definable Queensland Geographic
Information Industry exists. This project also examines
that question as a side issue.
The perception that change is occurring is evident
in the Industry Strategic Plan, formulated in 1986, and
in public statements by prominent members of the
industry.
The Industry Advisory Council convened three search
conferences during 1989, and this study of action
learning is based on participant observation at those
conferences with comparison drawn through individual
interviews with "industry" members.
The questions addressed are:
1.Is the search conference action learning construct appropriate to achieve the kind a change and management of change sought by the "industry" leaders?
2. Did negotiated learning take place at the actions search conferences?
3.Are the base assumptions revealed at the search conferences reflected in the wider "industry?"; and
4. Did the search conferences achieve change?
Revans (1982) defines action learning as "Learningby-
Doing", or in more detail:
"Action learning is a means of development,
intellectual, emotional or physical, that
requires its subject, through responsible
involvement in some real, complex and stressful
problem, to achieve intended change sufficient
to improve his observable behaviour henceforth
in the problem field" (Revans 1982, p.626). Ethnographic methodology is used to study the three
search conferences as a participative observer.
Verification or refutation of opinions stated and
conclusions drawn from this observation is sought
through direct interviews conducted with 18 "industry"
members.
Examination of available literature leads to the
conclusion that the answer to the first question
addressed is yes. However, the other three questions
were answered in the negative. Observation of activity
at the search conferences did not indicate that action
learning was taking place, or that opinions expressed
were reflected in the wider "industry". The research
carried out for this project did not find evidence to
suggest that the search conferences promoted change.
Two suggestions are given for possible future action
by the Industry Advisory Council and the "industry".
4
Joyce, James Alexander. "Pressurised entrained flow gasification of sugar cane wastes for cogeneration /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20060713.095935/index.html.
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5
Ku, Charng-Yeong. "The political economy of the Philippine sugar industry /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487668215808855.
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6
Denslow, David. "Sugar production in northeastern Brazil and Cuba, 1858-1908." New York : Garland, 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/15549420.html.
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7
Shoira, Masharipova. "Application of defecation lime from sugar industry in Uzbekistan." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32718.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This Master Thesis “Application of defecation lime from sugar industry in Uzbekistan” is done in the Master’s Programme in Sustainable Technology at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH).In this project Khorezm Sugar Company, operations in the factory and environmental problems in it have been studied.Impacts of defecation lime were described. The waste causes a lot of environmental and economical problems in the region. As it is dry and consists of particles with small size,defecat is easy spread able with the wind. It swells to nearest areas and could have impact on biodiversity as well as on health of people. Different modern methods of handling the defecation lime in Europe and Asian countries and new methods that are not in practice in large scales yet, were also described.These methods, such as: use of defecation lime as a soil improver, as a fertilizer, as an additive in greenhouse soil mixture, as a sorbent to treat waste water, as a micro filler incement production and foam concrete production and as a mineral additive in animal feeding.Advantages and disadvantages of these methods were examined. As an example the British Sugar and the Lime X division of the company were described. They obtain the same type of waste from sugar production. And use defecationlime as a soil improver to stabilize soil pH, to add organic matters to soil and improve soilstructure. The defecation lime is sold by 3 brands in the company, like: LimeX 45, LimeX 70and LimeX Super70 M. What they are doing and how they treat are described.As the main treatment method in the other sugar manufacturing companies, use of defecat as a soil improver was studied deeply. Therefore, soil characters of Uzbekistan have also been described. The fertilizer need in the country, especially in Khorezm region andcrops need for organic matters were overviewed. Different treatment methods of defecation lime, which are described in the thesis, are discussed to apply them in Khorezm Sugar. During discussing and suggesting methodstechnological and economical features have been taken into account. As a main type of treatment to use defecation lime in cement and foam concrete production were suggested.Also, use defecat as a soil improver and as additional methods, use of defecation lime as an additive in greenhouse soil mixture and to use as a sorbent to treat waste water were recommended.www.ima.kth.se
8
Yustika, Ahmad Erani. "Transaction Cost Economics of the Sugar Industry in Indonesia /." Kiel : Wissenschaftsverl, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/480269734.pdf.
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9
McFadden, Patricia. "Proletarianisation in Swaziland : the case of the sugar industry." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36664/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study is an attempt to analyse the process of proletarianisation in Swazi society with particular reference to the sugar industry in that country. We have also tried to explain why women's labour tends to be located in both subsistence and commodity agriculture, and what the implications of this are for the social, economic and political status of women in Swazi society. Through an analysis of the historical processes which led to colonisation and the consequent land alienation, labour migration, taxation and exploitation of the Swazi people, the study has tried to show the socio-economic and political consequences of capitalist development within Swaziland over the last century. We have also discussed the emergence and decline of white settler agriculture and shown how, together with the collaboration of the colonial state, white commodity agriculture laid the basis for the development of agribusiness in the economy, especially in relation to the sugar industry. Within the sugar industry itself, which has dominated the Swazi economy for the last thirty years in terms of land use, numbers of workers employed, and the size of national revenue generated, there is an ongoing struggle between labour and capital, which manifests itself in various forms, both overt and covert. The history of working class resistance in the industry vis-a-vis capital and the colonial and neo-colonial state, is discussed with a view to better understanding this section of the Swazi proletariat in anticipation of the revolutionary changes which are sweeping across the Southern African sub-continent.
10
St-Pierre, Sylvie. "The impact of arachidonic acid supplements and dietary fat on blood glucose control /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18552.pdf.
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11
Suzuki, Atsushi. "Study of computer use in the Queensland dairy industry : farmers' perceptions /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 1999. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18330.pdf.
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12
Sinclair, Natalie. "Resilience in critical infrastructures : the case of the Queensland electricity industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35667/1/Natalie_Sinclair_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The reliability of Critical Infrastructure is considered to be a fundamental expectation of modern societies. These large-scale socio-technical systems have always, due to their complex nature, been faced with threats challenging their ongoing functioning. However, increasing uncertainty in addition to the trend of infrastructure fragmentation has made reliable service provision not only a key organisational goal, but a major continuity challenge: especially given the highly interdependent network conditions that exist both regionally and globally. The notion of resilience as an adaptive capacity supporting infrastructure reliability under conditions of uncertainty and change has emerged as a critical capacity for systems of infrastructure and the organisations responsible for their reliable management.
This study explores infrastructure reliability through the lens of resilience from an organisation and system perspective using two recognised resilience-enhancing management practices, High Reliability Theory (HRT) and Business Continuity Management (BCM) to better understand how this phenomenon manifests within a partially fragmented (corporatised) critical infrastructure industry – The Queensland Electricity Industry. The methodological approach involved a single case study design (industry) with embedded sub-units of analysis (organisations), utilising in-depth interviews and document analysis to illicit findings.
Derived from detailed assessment of BCM and Reliability-Enhancing characteristics, findings suggest that the industry as a whole exhibits resilient functioning, however this was found to manifest at different levels across the industry and in different combinations. Whilst there were distinct differences in respect to resilient capabilities at the organisational level, differences were less marked at a systems (industry) level, with many common understandings carried over from the pre-corporatised operating environment. These Heritage Factors were central to understanding the systems level cohesion noted in the work. The findings of this study are intended to contribute to a body of knowledge encompassing resilience and high reliability in critical infrastructure industries. The research also has value from a practical perspective, as it suggests a range of opportunities to enhance resilient functioning under increasingly interdependent, networked conditions.
13
Kwadzo, G. T.-M. "Evaluation of the Ghana sugar rehabilitation project : An ex-post exercise." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371963.
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14
Onpraphai, Thaworn, and n/a. "Information systems for regional sugar cane production forecasting and localised yield estimation: a Thailand perspective." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060517.142422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sugar is an important global agricultural commodity and a significant input to the
advanced industrialised world. Annual average global sugar production is around 120
million tonnes, with consumption around 118 million tonnes. Sugar is produced under
a broad range of climatic conditions in some 120 countries and is one of the most
heavily traded agricultural commodities (FAO, 2001). Plants produce sugar as a
storehouse of energy that is used as required. Approximately 70% of sugar is
produced from sugar cane while the remaining 30% is produced from sugar beet
(Sugar Knowledge International, 2001).
Thailand's cane and sugar industry is now one of the major sources of foreign income
for the country. The value of sugar exports (around 35 billion baht or AUD $1.5
billion per annum) ranks among the top ten exported commodities of the Thai
economy. Approximately 9.2% of annual global sugar production is exported from
Thailand (WTO, 2001).
The sugar industry is extremely complex and comprises individual links and
components in the supply and demand chain that are more delicately in balance than
with most other commodity based industries. Thailand's sugar production has been
characterized by greater extremes of variability than in most other sugar producing
countries. A unique combination of pests, disease, climate, soils, problems with plant
available moisture and the low technology basis of crop management has increased
production risk and uncertainty for the crop. Total tonnage of cane and sugar is
notoriously difficult to predict during the growing season and for a mature crop before
the harvest.
Accordingly, the focus of this research is on the development and testing of methods,
algorithms, procedures and output products for Sugar Cane Crop Forecasting and
Yield Mapping. The resulting spatial and temporal information tools have the potential
to provide the basis of a commercially deployable decision support system for
Thailand's sugar industry.
The scope of this thesis encompasses several levels within a geographical hierarchy of
scales; from regional, district, farm, and plot within a study area in northeastern
Thailand. Crop forecasting at regional level will reduce production risk uncertainty
while yield mapping and yield estimation at local, farm and plot scales will enable
productivity to be improved by identifying, diagnosing the cause of and reducing
yield variability.
The research has three main objectives. These are to:
Develop statistical analysis procedures and empirical algorithms expressing the
relationship between yield potential and spectral response of sugar cane yield as a
basis for mapping, monitoring, modeling, forecasting and management of sugar
production in Thailand.
Evaluate the validity of a technology based versus conventional approach to crop
forecasting and yield mapping, commencing with a series of testable null-hypotheses
and culminating in procedures to calibrate and validate empirical
models against verifiable production records. Outcomes are used to review and
evaluate existing and potential future approaches to regional crop forecasting,
localised yield mapping and yield estimation tools for operational use within
Thailand's sugar industry.
Identify, evaluate and establish performance benchmarks in relation to the
practicality, accuracy, timeliness, cost effectiveness and value proposition of a
satellite based versus conventional approach to crop forecasting and yield
mapping.
The methodology involved time series analysis of recorded sugar cane yields and
production outcomes paired with spectral response statistics of crops derived from
satellite imagery and seasonal rainfall records over a three year period within four
provinces, forty five component districts and 120 representative farms.
Spectral statistics were derived fiom raw multi-spectral satellite imagery (multitemporal
SPOT- VI at regional scale and Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery at local scale)
acquired during the 1999 to 2001 sugar cane seasons. Crop area and production
statistics at regional scale were compiled and furnished by the provincial sugar mill
and verified through government agencies within Thailand. Selective cutting at
sample sites within nominated fields owned by collaborating growers was undertaken
to validate localised differences in productivity and to facilitate yield variance
mapping.
Acquisition, processing, analysis and statistical modeling of remotely sensed satellite
spectral data, rainfall records and production outcomes were accomplished using an
empirical approach. Resulting crop production forecasting algorithms were
systematically evaluated for reliability by assessing accuracy, spatial and temporal
variability. Long term rainfall and district sugar cane yield and production records
were used to account for district and season specific differences between estimated
and recorded yields, to generate error probability functions and to improve the
accuracy and applicability of empirical models under more extreme conditions.
Limitations on finding and length of records constrained the number of seasons and
the area for which satellite imagery with contrasting levels of spatial and spectral
resolution could be acquired. The absence of verifiable long term production records
combined with limitations on the duration and area able to be covered by field trips
meant that time series analysis of paired data was necessarily constrained to a three
year period of record coinciding with the author's period of candidature. Accordingly,
although a comprehensive set of well correlated district and month specific yield
forecasting algorithms was able to be developed, temporal restrictions on data
availability constrained the extent to which they could be subjected to thorough
accuracy and reliability analysis and extended with confidence down to farm and field
scale.
A variety of approaches, using different parameter combinations and threshold values,
was used to combine individual districts and component farms into coherent groups to
overcome temporal data constraints and to generate more robust production
forecasting algorithms, albeit with slightly lower levels of apparent accuracy and
reliability. The procedures adopted to optimise these district groupings are
systematically explained. Component differences in terrain, biophysical conditions
and management approaches between district groupings are used to explain
differences in production outcomes and to account for apparent differences between
forecast versus actual yields between districts both within and between different
groups.
The outcomes of this research - particularly the data acquisition and analysis
procedures, empirical modeling, error assessment and adjustment techniques, and the
optimisation procedures used to facilitate grouping of districts - provide a practical
basis for the deployment of an operational sugar cane production forecasting and yield
mapping information system to facilitate planning and logistical management of
production, harvesting, transportation, processing, domestic marketing and export of
sugar from northeastern Thailand. At the local and farm level, yield maps and plot
based yield estimates will assist users to improve productivity by recognising,
identiwing and responding to potential causes of within and between field spatial
variability.
However, before such an information system can be confidently deployed, additional
resources will be required to obtain paired production records, spectral data fiom
satellite imagery and biophysical input data over a longer period to ensure that the
empirical models are operationally robust and to validate their accuracy under a wider
range of conditions by comparing forecasts with actual outcomes over larger areas
during the next few seasons.
15
Ghafeer, Amna. "Value chain diversification in the sugar industry using quantitative economic forecasting models." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33744.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The South African sugar industry is facing increasing pressure from global sugar markets where the price of sugar is significantly lower than in domestic markets, as well as from the implementation of the health levy which has resulted in beverage manufacturers replacing sugar with non-taxable sweeteners. To maintain the industry infrastructure and to increase the demand for sugar, a diversification route for sucrose is needed. Most of the studies focused on identifying a diversification solution for bioproducts are survey or experienced based and so, one of the main aims of this study was to use mathematical modelling of industrial manufacturing data to identify one single industry to explore sucrosebased chemicals. Datasets published by Statistics South Africa, The World Bank, Trading Economics and by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development were considered, from which the monthly manufacturing industries' sales data published by Statistics South Africa was selected for model building. Seven different types of models were considered, including the Naïve method, simple and weighted moving averages, simple exponential smoothing, Holt's method, Holt-Winters' method and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. Each type of model was analysed in the context of the eight industries' data, from which ARIMA models were identified as those which were broad enough to cater for the varying degrees of trends and seasonality in the data without oversimplifying the data's behaviour. The other seven were not suitable either because their narrow applicability was not suitable to most of the datasets at hand or because they would provide an oversimplified model which would not be robust for future datapoints. The models were then built using training and test data splits with the auto.arima function in R Studio. From these, selection matrices were constructed to evaluate the industries' forecasts on sales growth and revenue generating potential, the results of which identified the beverages' industry to the best option for investment. One of the objectives of the study was to identify a sucrose-based chemical for investment that is not highly commercialized in order to widen the range of investment options available. To this end, only four of the less commercialized chemicals explored showed significant advancement based on published research and patents, namely caprolactam, dodecanedioic acid, adipic acid and muconic acid. However, all four chemicals would feature mainly in the textiles industry, which the model identifies as not being a high growth industry and thus would limit the revenue generating potential. The main beverage constituents of common drinks were then explored, from which nonnutritive sweeteners were chosen based on their wide applicability. From the six sweeteners considered, sucralose is the most widely used sweetener with the least number of reported serious health risks; this is thought to compensate for sucralose being a mid-price range product. Sucralose would also allow the sugar industry to leverage beverage manufacturers' replacement of sugar with sweeteners to comply with the Health Protection Levy. The techno-economic analysis performed for the selected synthetic sucralose production process proved profitable in the first year of operation, as did a refined configuration using a lower ethyl acetate flow rate. This is largely due to the retail price of sucralose being close to 8 times the purchase cost of the most expensive raw material used. Although this profitability analysis is promising, further investigation into the fixed capital costs involved should be done prior to the sugar industry investing in sucralose. Recommendations for further work to improve the profitability of this scenario include the consideration of forming a strategic partnership with key players in the beverages' industry, exploring alternative production routes, and using other time series models to validate the results achieved here.
16
Truong, Vinh. "Modelling of the glass transition temperature of sugar-rich foods and its relation to spray drying of such products /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17253.pdf.
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17
Harjono, Ay San. "Intra-industry in Australia's trade : patterns and determinants /." [St, Lucia. Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17793.pdf.
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18
Bodnaruk, K. P. "Adoption of IPM in the Australian apple industry /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe.pdf.
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19
Kwok, Tommy Looshang. "Strategic alliances in construction : a study of contracting relationships and competitive advantage in public sector building works." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.
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20
Ratledge, Andrew James. "European enterprise in India : the export sugar industry, growth and stagnation 1776-1850 /." Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arr236.pdf.
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21
Elizondo, Giacoman H. A. "An analysis of profitability and productivity in the Mexican sugar industry, 1994-2002." Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433547.
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22
Supartono, Alexander. "Re-imag(in)ing history : photography and the sugar industry in colonial Java." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11909.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis seeks to examine the ways that the success of the Dutch Empire at the turn of the twentieth century was represented and celebrated in the photographic albums of Dutch sugar industrialists in Java. It aims to show how the photographic practices that developed in the colony in parallel with its industrialisation informed the ways that the colony was imagined in the metropolis and the colony. Whether social portraiture, topographic studies or depictions of industrial machinery and infrastructure, the photographs of the sugar industry were part and parcel of a topical vernacular tradition that generated distinct visual themes in the development of popular photographic genres, and which reflected the cultural hybridity and social stratification of the local sugar world. This analysis is pursued through close reading of the photographic albums of the Pietermaat-Soesman family from the Kalibagor sugar factory in Java. These albums exemplify how the family albums of sugar industrialists retained the familiarity and cult value of the family album whilst illustrating the values and attitudes of the colonial industry and society. What is more, the Pietermaat-Soesman albums underline the significance of the albums' materiality; their story is not only one of images, but also a story of objects. I specifically pay attention to the role of photographers and commercial photo studios in the formulation of the pictorial commonplace of the sugar industry. It is the collaboration between sugar industrialists and colony-based photographers that reveals the social necessity, ideological constraints, pictorial conventions and cultural idioms of colonial industry and society in the Dutch East Indies. Largely understudied in both the Dutch and Indonesian histories of photography, this material, I argue, may problematise the ideological premises of ‘colonial' photography.
23
Hunt, Christopher John. "Pricing policy sensitivity : the case of the Australian urban water industry (AUWI) /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18713.pdf.
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24
Lanzotti, Carla Regina. "Uma analise emergetica de tendencias do setor sucroalcooleiro." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263949.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Enrique Ortega RodriguezDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Com a primeira crise do petróleo, em 1973, houve necessidade de buscar fontes alternativas de energia que pudessem substituir os derivados de petróleo. Assim, o Programa Nacional do Álcool ¿ ProÁlcool foi instituído com a emissão do Decreto nº 76.593, de 14 de novembro de 1975, baseando-se, inicialmente, na produção de álcool anídro para misturá-lo à gasolina. Com a nova crise do petróleo, em 1979, além da mistura à gasolina, iniciou-se a fabricação de automóveis movidos a álcool. Isto intensificou a agroindústria canavieira, responsável por impactos ambientais como a destruição de áreas com mata nativa, perda da diversidade da produção rural e lançamento de vinhaça nos rios. Ainda hoje, tais impactos geram problemas ambientais e sociais como: erosão e poluição dos solos, poluição dos recursos hídricos por agrotóxicos, emissão de poluentes na atmosfera pela queima dos canaviais, destruição da biodiversidade e aumento do êxodo rural. Como contrapartida positiva, a adoção do álcool combustível melhorou a qualidade do ar nas cidades brasileiras, substituindo substâncias tóxicas nos combustíveis de veículos automotores. Assim, a relação custo/benefício merece um estudo aprimorado, uma vez que esta indústria é afetada pelas novas possibilidades tecnológicas. Este trabalho analisa possibilidades alternativas da produção da cana-de-açúcar e fabricação de açúcar e álcool, agrupadas como tendências que podem melhorar a produção e diminuir os impactos ambientais da atividade canavieira. Entre elas destacam-se aquelas relacionadas às disposições legais, às inovações tecnológicas e às forças de mercado. A análise da produção da cana, do açúcar e do álcool baseou-se em dados coletados em usinas do estado de São Paulo e, a partir destes dados, foi verificado como a aplicação destas tendências afetaria a agroindústria. A ferramenta escolhida para realizar esta análise foi à metodologia emergética, que permite avaliar os impactos ambientais do sistema de produção, verificando os índices relacionados ao uso de recursos renováveis e não renováveis, os serviços ambientais locais, os serviços econômicos e a rentabilidade econômica do sistema. Baseando-se na metodologia, as vantagens e desvantagens de cada tendência foram identificadas de acordo com o aproveitamento dos recursos naturais renováveis e não-renováveis, materiais e serviços. Das tendências analisadas, a que obteve melhores índices foi a agricultura orgânica. Como previsto, esta técnica aproveita melhor os recursos naturais, agredindo menos o solo e o meio ambiente. Outra vantagem verificada foi à necessidade intensiva de mão-de-obra rural. Esta técnica oferece benefícios ambientais, por ser menos poluidora, e benefícios sociais, pois mantém o emprego dos trabalhadores rurais. Por outro lado, a que se mostrou menos sustentável foi à mecanização da colheita, devido à necessidade de maiores investimentos em equipamentos, tecnologia e combustíveis. É importante ressaltar que cada tendência foi estudada isoladamente, sendo importante realizar simulações com duas ou mais tendências. Com a incorporação de mais tendências na mesma atividade os impactos ambientais e sociais tendem a diminuir, melhorando a produtividade da agroindústria canavieira
Abstract: With the first crisis of the oil, in 1973, it had necessity to search alternative energy sources that could substitute the oil derivatives. Thus, the Alcohol National Program ¿ ProÁlcool ¿ was instituted with the emission of the Decree n° 76,593, of November 14, 1975, being based, initially, in the anhydrous alcohol production to be mixed to gasoline. With the new crisis of the oil, in 1979, beyond the mixture to the gasoline, it was initiated the manufacture of automobiles moved by alcohol. This intensified the sugar cane agricultural industry, responsible for environmental impacts such as the destruction of areas with native forest, loss of the agricultural production diversity and launching of vinasse in the rivers. Still today, these impacts generate environmental and social problems such as: ground erosion and pollution, pollution of the hydro resources with pesticides, pollutants emission in the atmosphere with the cane-plantation burning, biodiversity destruction and increase of the agricultural exodus. As positive counterpart, the adoption of the combustible alcohol improved the quality of air in the Brazilian cities, substituting toxic substances in automachine vehicles fuels. Thus, the cost/benefit relation deserves an improved study, because this industry is affected by the new technological possibilities. This work analyzes alternative possibilities of the sugar cane production and sugar and alcohol manufacture, grouped as trends that can improve the production and diminish the environmental impacts of the sugar cane industry activity. Among them those related to the legal disposals, to the technological innovations and to the market forces are distinguished. The analysis of the sugar cane, sugar and alcohol production was based on data collected in industries in the state of São Paulo and, from these data, it was verified how the application of these trends would affect the agricultural industry. The chosen tool to carry through this analysis was the emergy methodology, that allows the evaluation of the environmental impacts of the system production, verifying the index related to the utilization of renewable and non-renewable resources, the local environmental services, the economic services and the economic yield of the system. Being based on the methodology, the advantages and disadvantages of each trend had been identified in accordance with the exploitation of the renewable and non-renewable natural resources, materials and services. In the analyzed trends, the one that got better index was the organic agriculture. As foreseen, this technique takes advantage of the natural resources better, attacking little the ground and the environment. Another verified advantage was the intensive necessity of agricultural manpower. This technique offers environmental benefits, for being less polluting, and social benefits, because it keeps the job of the agricultural workers. On the other hand, the one that showed less sustainability was the harvest mechanization, due to necessity of bigger investments in equipment, technology and fuels. It is important to stand out that each trend was studied separately, being important to carry through simulation with two or more trends. With the incorporation of more trends in the same activity the environmental and social impacts tend to diminish, improving the productivity of the sugar cane industry
Mestrado
Planejamento de Sistemas Energeticos
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
25
Vesterberg, Iris, and Sofia Westerlund. "Hybridization with CSP in a Cuban sugar mill." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233214.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Kuba har i dagsläget ett högt beroende av importerad olja, för att tillgodose sin växande efterfrågan på elektricitet. Importen sker främst från Venezuela. Detta beroende gör Kuba känsligt för ändringar i oljepriser samt det politiska klimatet. Den nuvarande krisen i Venezuela har haft en betydande inverkan på Kubas elproduktion. Genom att utöka landets förnybara energikällor kan Kuba minska sitt beroende av andra länder och diversifiera sin energiförsörjning. Detta kommer även att leda till en positiv miljöpåverkan då landets CO 2-utsläpp minskar. Kubas geografiska läge har ideala förhållanden för förnyelsebar energigenerering, så som solkraft. Solkraft utvecklas konstant och innehåller en hög potential. Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) är en teknologi där speglar och/eller linser används för att koncentrera solljus till en liten yta som konverterar solljuset till värme. Denna värme kan sedan användas i termodynamiska cykler. Det finns två huvudsakliga problem med implementering av CSP på Kuba. För det första är CSP beroende av momentana väderförhållanden, vilket leder till en oregelbunden elproduktion. För det andra har CSP höga investeringskostnader. För att adressera dessa problem, är det möjligt att implementera CSP i ett redan existerande kraftverk med regelbunden energikälla, d.v.s. skapa ett hybridkraftverk. På så vis uppnås regelbunden elproduktion med signifikant lägre investeringskostnad. Ett sådant existerande kraftverk kan hittas hos många av Kubas sockerbruk. Den här studien undersöker möjligheten att implementera solkraft i sockerbruket Carlos Baliño, beläget i Villa Clara, Kuba. Fabriken är självförsörjande av elektricitet på årlig basis. De använder en Rankine-cykel för att generera el och processvärme som används i sockerframställningen. Bränslet som används är bagasse, en restprodukt efter att sockerjuicen pressats ut ur sockerrören. Fyra CSP-teknologier och tre implementeringslayouts undersöktes, vilket resulterade i att parabolic trough-teknologin och förvärmning av vatten ansågs vara de bästa alternativen för Kuba och Carlos Baliño. Vidare undersöktes två olika scenarier för CSP. Scenario 1 innefattar implementering av CSP i sockerbruket under rådande skick och Scenario 2 består av implementering av CSP efter en investering gjorts i en Condensing Extraction turbin (CEST). Resultatet visar att Carlos Baliño bör investera i CEST innan de implementerar CSP, det vill säga Scenario 2. Detta beror på att i scenario 1 är det inte möjligt att generera elektricitet utanför sockersäsongen, vilket leder till att en stor del av solpotentialen inte kan utnyttjas. Den maximala investeringskostnaden för scenario 1 är 3,7 MUSD, vilket inte är en realistisk kostnad. Den maximala investeringskostnaden för scenario 2 beror av tillgänglig bagasseimport och är 5,9 – 7,2 MUSD. Att investera i CSP rekommenderas ej om bagasseimporten är obegränsad. Givet att bagasseimporten är begränsad skulle CSP-implementeringen leda till en utökad elproduktion av 5,4 – 7,2 GWh/år, en årlig minskning av oljeanvändandet med 16 100 – 21 800 tunnor och minskade CO2-utsläpp med 12 00-16 00 ton årligen. Carlos Baliños ekonomiska resultat skulle öka med 0,5 MUSD/år och den kubanska statens med 0,7 – 0,9 MUSD/år. Framtida studier rekommenderas undersöka möjligheten till generering av el året runt vid Carlos Baliño utan en CEST, solkraftsefterfrågan på nationell nivå och potentiella utvecklingar av solkraft hos Carlos Baliño.Cuba is currently highly dependent on imported oil, mainly from Venezuela, to meet their growing electricity demand. This dependence makes Cuba sensitive to changes in oil price as well as the political climate. The current crisis in Venezuela has a large impact on Cuba’s electricity generation. By expanding its renewable energy sources Cuba could decrease their dependence on other countries and diversify their energy supply. Moreover, it would have a positive climate impact by reducing the country’s CO2-emissions. Geographically, Cuba has ideal conditions for renewable energy utilization, such as solar power. Solar energy is constantly progressing and is considered a great source of energy. Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is a technology which applies mirrors and/or lenses to concentrate the sunlight onto a small area which converts the sunlight into heat, possible to use in a thermodynamic cycle. There are mainly two problems with the implementation of CSP in Cuba. Firstly, CSP is a non-dispatchable power generating system since it is dependent on the instantaneous weather conditions. Secondly, it has high investment costs. One way of solving these problems is by implementation CSP in an already existing power plants with a dispatchable source of energy, making it a hybrid power plant. Accordingly, the hybrid power plant would be dispatchable and the investment costs would be significantly lower. Existing power plants can be found in Cuban sugar mills. This study investigates the possibility to implement solar power in the sugar mill Carlos Baliño, located in Villa Clara, Cuba. The factory is currently self-sufficient electricity wise on a yearly basis, using a co-generation Rankine cycle to generate electricity and process heat used in the sugar production. The fuel used is bagasse, a rest product obtained after the sugar juice has been pressed out of the sugar canes. Four CSP-technologies and three implementation layouts were examined, resulting in the parabolic trough-technology and feedwater heating being considered the optimal solution. Furthermore, two different scenarios for CSP was investigated; implementation of CSP in the mill at the current state (scenario 1) or after investing in a Condensing-Extraction Turbine (CEST) (scenario 2). The results show that Carlos Baliño should invest in a CEST before considering implementation of CSP. Off-season operation is not available for scenario 1, leading to a vast amount of solar potential being unexploited. The maximal investment allowed for scenario 1 is 3.7 MUSD, which is not a realistic number. The maximal investment allowed for in scenario 2 is 5.9 – 7.2 MUSD, depending on bagasse import availability. If bagasse import is unlimited, it is not recommended to invest in solar power. Implementation of CSP in scenario 2 regarding bagasse import limits would yearly lead to an additional electricity generation at Carlos Baliño of 5.4 – 7.3 GWh, decrease the oil usage with 16,100 – 21,800 barrels and the CO2-emissons with 1,200 – 1,600 tonnes. Carlos Baliño’s annual yield would increase with 0.5 – 0.6 MUSD/year and the Cuban states annual yield would increase with 0.7 – 0.9 MUSD/year. Future work is recommended to explore alternatives to all year-around electricity generation in Carlos Baliño without investing in a CEST, investigate solar power demand on a national level, and examine possible developments of the suggested solar field, for instance solar-only operation.
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Ham, Bruce W. "The role of the health surveillance program in the Queensland coal mining industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36768/1/36768_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Queensland Coal Industry Employees Health Scheme was implemented in 1993 to provide health surveillance for all Queensland coal industry workers. Tt1e government,
mining employers and mining unions agreed that the scheme should operate for seven years. At the expiry of the scheme, an assessment of the contribution of health
surveillance to meet coal industry needs would be an essential part of determining a future health surveillance program. This research project has analysed the data made
available between 1993 and 1998. All current coal industry employees have had at least one health assessment. The project examined how the centralised nature of the Health
Scheme benefits industry by identi~)jng key health issues and exploring their dimensions on a scale not possible by corporate based health surveillance programs.
There is a body of evidence that indicates that health awareness - on the scale of the individual, the work group and the industry is not a part of the mining industry culture. There is also growing evidence that there is a need for this culture to change and that some change is in progress. One element of this changing culture is a growth in the interest by the individual and the community in information on health status and benchmarks that are reasonably attainable. This interest opens the way for health education which contains personal, community and occupational elements. An important element
of such education is the data on mine site health status. This project examined the role of health surveillance in the coal mining industry as a tool for generating the necessary information to promote an interest in health awareness. The Health Scheme Database provides the material for the bulk of the analysis of this project. After a preliminary scan of the data set, more detailed analysis was undertaken on key health and related safety issues that include respiratory disorders, hearing loss and
high blood pressure. The data set facilitates control for confounding factors such as age and smoking status. Mines can be benchmarked to identify those mines with effective
health management and those with particular challenges.
While the study has confirmed the very low prevalence of restrictive airway disease such as pneu"moconiosis, it has demonstrated a need to examine in detail the emergence of
obstructive airway disease such as bronchitis and emphysema which may be a consequence of the increasing use of high dust longwall technology. The power of the Health Database's electronic data management is demonstrated by linking the health data to other data sets such as injury data that is collected by the Department of l\1mes and
Energy. The analysis examines serious strain -sprain injuries and has identified a marked difference between the underground and open cut sectors of the industry. The
analysis also considers productivity and OHS data to examine the extent to which there is correlation between any pairs ofJpese and previously analysed health parameters.
This project has demonstrated that the current structure of the Coal Industry Employees Health Scheme has largely delivered to mines and effective health screening process. At the same time, the centralised nature of data collection and analysis has provided to the mines, the unions and the government substantial statistical cross-sectional data upon
which strategies to more effectively manage health and relates safety issues can be based.
27
Theriault, Veronique. "Changes in the Quebec Maple Syrup Industry and Economic Implications for Maine and the US." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/TheriaultV2007.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
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Moe, Anders Grimso. "The economics of the music industry : uncertainty in demand and implications for economic organisation and strategy /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18083.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
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Thomas, Catherine M. "A critical appraisal of the inter-relationship of the tourism industry and the wine industry : an analysis of wine tourism on the Granite Belt area in Queensland, Australia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18420.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
30
Jenshagen, Hanna, and Sandra Andersson. "An analysis of the Sugar Industry and its global competitiveness : The case of Fiji." Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Sugar Industry in Fiji is facing a lot of problems. Since the Government of Fiji has not fulfilled their commitments to the European Union (EU), the EU has backed away from supporting the industry. The milling efficiency has been constantly declining since the mid 1980’s and farm productivities have not kept pace with the changing international market for sugar. To be able to obtain the economies of scale, the sugar production in Fiji has to increase with 75 % from the current level of production. A lot of towns in Fiji would be nothing without the Sugar Industry, and thousands of people are dependent on the industry for their sustenance. Due to this fact, it is certain that the loss of confidence in the industry, or any likely collapse, would imply disaster for Fiji as a whole. It will lead to serious implications on the economic, social and political stability of Fiji.
The overall aim of this thesis is to study the effects of the EU measures especially on the Sugar Industry in Fiji, to be able to understand to which extent the industry depends on the support from the EU. The aim is also to analyse and discuss different competition strategies on how Fiji can compete and be a part of the global market of sugar.
This research was made from a qualitative approach in order to gain a deeper understanding about the problem. Abduction made it possible to work parallel with different parts of the thesis. A combination of primary and secondary data gathering has been used, with the secondary data as a basis for building the empirical part of the thesis. The primary data was collected through in-depth interviews with people at different positions within the Sugar Industry in Fiji.
Fiji is dependent on the Sugar Industry and since there is no other obvious donor for Fiji today, and it is crucial that the industry gets support, the conclusion is that Fiji also is dependent on the support from the EU. Even though Fiji has the possibility to increase their competitiveness on the regional as well as on the international market, there is no need for Fiji to strive after the world market at the moment.
31
Gopaul, Nanda Kissore. "Union rivalry, workers' resistance and wage settlements in the Guyana sugar industry : 1964-1994." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56026/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This PhD thesis is a study of the changing social and industrial conditions under which sugar workers in Guyana have worked, and the responses of workers and unions to these changes since 1964. It makes extensive use of original trade union and employer archives, other public and private documentary evidence and interviews with workers and union and state officials. The narrative and analysis focuses on the experience of union rivalry and the impact of state interventions in wage settlements. The sugar industry has several different unions with differing political and ideological positions, and there have been numerous instances of union rivalry and workers' discontent over union representation. Inadequate wage offers have often led to disputes, involving antagonisms between workers and management but also between workers and their union. In practice the majority of wage settlements have resulted from the intervention of a Commission of Inquiry or Arbitration Tribunal. In the late 1970s the state's imposition of wage levels provoked numerous struggles, often of national proportions, and led to legal challenges by workers and one of their unions which resulted in the restoration of collective bargaining. Such developments have had major implications for the national labour movement. The thesis considers each of these facets of worker and union experience, and thus develops an analysis of the relationships between union rivalry, workers' resistance and wage settlements in the context of highly politicised trade unionism. In particular it discusses the implications of trade union affiliation to the major political parties and shows the extent to which political affiliation helped to destroy the collective bargaining process. It argues that while trade unions are involved in political struggles, they ought not to be affiliated to political parties, since this is likely to compromise the independence of the labour movement and weakens the collective bargaining process.
32
Perez-Zamorano, Abel. "Property rights revolution? : liberalisation of the 'ejido' and the agro-sugar industry in Mexico." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1785/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sugar has traditionally been one of the most important agro-industries in Mexico. In spite of possessing significant comparative advantages it has recurrently suffered from a lack of investment and poor productivity, both under private and public ownership, and during periods of Import Substitution Industrialisation and recent economic liberalisation. This thesis adopts a Neo-Institutional approach to analyse the problems of the Mexican sugar industry during the 1990s based on the study of three 'ejido' communities in the state of Puebla. The thesis argues that successive institutional arrangements, particularly the over regulated and heavily bureaucratic 'agrarian' (ejido) regime have served to constrain the production of sugar cane and the sugar agro-industry as a whole. One consequence of these conditions has been that the burden of funding the sugar agro-industry has been devolved to government, thereby making investment subject to fiscal requirements rather than market conditions. Despite a de facto and latterly more formal withdrawal of the government from funding the sugar agro-industry the investment vacuum has not been filled by the private sector. In the wake of the 1992 reforms to the agrarian law the research also considers the importance of property rights in land to the sugar sector. The thesis argues that prior to 1992, agrarian reform in combination with other economically inefficient but politically useful regulations impeded the emergence of a land market in the ejidos. Without a formal land market, ejidos undertook land subdivisions creating a minifundista scheme rather than the conditions for agricultural intensification and the realisation of economies of scale. Small parcels and insecure property rights further condemned the ejidos to under-investment and poverty. Although the 1992 reforms attempted to regularise informal land transactions, I contend that change has not matched rhetoric: massive privatisation has not occurred and bureaucratic influence remains. At the outset of the twenty-first century we continue to witness the slow self-destruction of agrarian reform.
33
Potgieter, Bianca. "Die rol en belang van suikerbelasting in Suid-Afrika." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65711.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The former finance minister stated in his budget speech in 2016 that sugar tax would come into force in South Africa from 1 April 2017. The treasury's reason for implementing sugar taxation is to reduce the health problems caused by sugar. It is nothing new to use fiscal measures to recover both taxes and to prevent health problems but it was not yet possible to reach a definite conclusion about the impact of sugar tax on the consumption of sugary drinks and the prevalence of obesity. The reason for this is that there is evidence that the implementation of food tax in different countries has shown different results in terms of public health issues and tax benefits. In South Africa, the implementation of sugar tax can either reduce the prevalence of obesity and thereby have a positive effect on the economy or its implementation may adversely affect the economy. If treasury does not implement sugar tax the economy can also be adversely affected by the prevalence of obesity. This dissertation deals with the effects of non-communicable diseases and sugar tax on the South African economy. The focus is on how sugar tax is being implemented internationally and how South Africa intends to implement sugar tax.Die voormalige minister van finansies het in sy begrotingstoespraak in 2016 vermeld dat suikerbelasting vanaf 1 April 2017 in Suid-Afrika in werking gaan tree. Die tesourie se rede vir die implementering van suikerbelasting is om, in samewerking met die Departement van Gesondheid, die gesondheidsprobleme wat deur suiker veroorsaak word te verminder. Dit is niks nuuts om fiskale maatstawwe te gebruik om beide belasting in te vorder en gesondheidsprobleme te voorkom nie, maar dit was nog nie moontlik om tot ’n definitiewe gevolgtrekking te kom oor die impak van suikerbelasting op die verbruik van suikerversoete drankies en die voorkoms van vetsug nie. Die rede hiervoor is dat daar bewyse is dat die implementering van voedselbelasting in verskillende lande verskillende resultate getoon het in terme van openbare gesondheidskwessies en belastingvoordele. In Suid-Afrika kan die implementering van suikerbelasting óf die voorkoms van vetsug verminder en sodoende die ekonomie bevoordeel óf die implementering daarvan kan die ekonomie negatief beïnvloed. Indien die tesourie nie suikerbelasting implementeer nie kan die ekonomie as gevolg van die voorkoms van vetsug negatief beïnvloed word. Die kern van hierdie skripsie handel oor die gevolge van nieoordraagbare siektes en suikerbelasting op die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie. Daar word spesifiek gefokus op hoe suikerbelasting internasionaal geïmplementeer word en hoe Suid-Afrika beoog om suikerbelasting te implementeer.
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Mercantile Law
LLM
Unrestricted
34
Маренок, Віталій Михайлович, Виталий Михайлович Маренок, Vitalii Mykhailovych Marenok та А. Н. Сирый. "Улучшение тепловой интеграции и энергосбережение в сахарной промышленности". Thesis, Издательство СумГУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7312.
Повний текст джерела
35
Johansen, Grace, and w. johansen@cqu edu au. "WOMEN IN CENTRAL QUEENSLAND: A STUDY OF THREE COASTAL CENTRES 1940-1965." Central Queensland University. Communications, 2002. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20060921.120038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While in agreement with the perceived wisdom that events during World War
Two were responsible for many social changes for women in Australia, the thesis
disagrees with the implication in existent Queensland womens historiography that
these changes affected women equally in all parts of the State. Research
undertaken in Central Queensland provides evidence that, although some
similarities existed, the conservative forces in this region restricted the liberating
effect of such changes. It also addresses the subject of Queensland difference, and
argues that the rural patriarchal economy sustained the notion of rigid gender and
class differences in Central Queensland. It maintains that this affected women in
regional Queensland to a far greater extent than those in the Brisbane
metropolitan area because of the lack of secondary wartime industry and the
masculine nature of rural industry. Additionally , in opposition to the widely held
belief there was universal post-war financial security the thesis argues that poverty
did exist. In particular it addresses the subjects of rising inflation and what has
been termed the Social Security Poverty Group, basing conclusions on statistical
evidence, oral evidence, and secondary and documentary sources.
36
Heasman, Michael Kenneth. "Influence of changing patterns of sucrose consumption on industrial users. Response by manufacturers of soft drinks, biscuits, cereals, cakes confectionery, ice-cream, jams, canned products and other sugar-containing foods to the U. K. dietary guidelines that relate to sucrose consumption." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sugar is intrinsically linked with the modern food system. Large sections
of the U. K. food industry are dependent on its use and functional qualities.
Supplies of sucrose entering the food chain have declined 25% between the
1950's and 1980's and currently stand around 37 kg/person/year. Furthermore,
U. K. dietary guidelines over the past 14 years have consistently suggested
caution over how much sugar is eaten, especially in manufactured foods.
Dietary guidelines such as the NACNE report (1983) recommend average sugar
consumption should be no more than 20 kg/person/year. Currently, two-thirds
of sugar supplies are bought for use in food and drink manufacture. Continued
pressures on sugar consumption and negative consumer attitudes to sugar may
be reflected in lost sales of sugar-containing foods. The available information
on U. K. sugar consumption is critically assessed. Although the main sources of
sugar supply are identified, individual sugar consumption is shown to vary by
considerable amounts. The place of sucrose is examined in relation to other
sweeteners and why and where sugars and sweeteners are used in food systems.
The promotion of "no added sugar" and "sugar free" products is examined since
the publication of the NACNE report to the end of 1987. To further test the
impact of changing patterns of sugar consumption on food and drink
manufacturers a national survey of manufacturers who use sugar was carried
out in early 1988. This was an attitudinal postal questionnaire and responses
to the issue of sugar, diet and health were analysed. Respondents bought an
estimated 650,000 tonnes of sugar in 1986, around 45% of the total industrial
market. While the survey aggregate were fully supportive of sucrose,
respondents reported that the majority of consumers were worried about sugar
being bad for health and were actively cutting down on individual intakes.
There were significant differences to the issue of sugar, diet and health
dependent on company size, whether a company manufactured for a retailer's
own label and if products had already been marketed at a "healthy eating"
segment. However, in general, while manufacturers considered consumer
attitudes to sugar to be important they had to be put in the context of other
factors. So far the impact of changing patterns of sugar consumption is not
reflected in the total average industrial purchases of sugar, although
substantial "sugar-free" and "sugar-reduced" product niches have been
established.
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Nair, Veena D. "The Fiji sugar industry in the context of sustainable development : lessons from a local survey /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envn158.pdf.
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Ibrahim, Mohammed Osman. "An analytical study of the organizational climate and managerial thinking in the Sudan sugar industry." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338910.
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PeÌrez, Zamorano Abel. "A property rights revolution? : liberalisation of the 'ejido' and the sugar agro-industry in Mexico." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415217.
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Setrini, Gustavo. "Global niche markets and local development : clientelism and fairtrade farmer organizations in Paraguay's sugar industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68941.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 362-372).
Globalization has transformed the markets in which agricultural goods are traded, placing new demands on farmers around the world. In developing countries, smallholder and peasant farmers lack many of the resources needed to upgrade their production capacities and meet new global quality standards, making them vulnerable to marginalization and exploitation. This dissertation seeks to discover the conditions that permit smallholders to upgrade in global value chains while also enhancing the voice and autonomy they exercise within their communities. To do so, it examines global niche markets for environmentally and socially responsible products. Organic agriculture favors smallholders' labor-intensive production, and Fairtrade certification explicitly attempts to leverage globalization for smallholder development. Paraguay's smallholder sugarcane farmers have been the unlikely beneficiaries of these new global market niches, as the world's largest exporters of Fairtrade and organic sugar. Two Paraguayan cane farmer organizations share similar socio-economic characteristics but have had varied success in taking advantage of Fairtrade's upgrading resources. To explain the variation between these two cases and to describe the conditions that favor smallholders' success in global niche markets, this dissertation puts forward the concept of a clientelist production network: the set of unequal social and political relationships that structure economic exchanges between farmers organizations, their leaders, and the buyers or processors that serve as their patrons. I also point out the role brokers play as "switches" for collective action and upgrading within clientelist networks. Under pluralistic clientelism multiple brokers compete with one another and are more likely to mobilize farmers collectively. This permits farmers to build new commercial and institutional relationships and to improve the accountability of their organizations, creating a basis for autonomous upgrading in global value chains. Under monopolistic clientelism farmer groups depend on a single broker. This makes brokers more likely to support a process of dependent upgrading, in which farmers confront new production costs but are less likely to enhance their share value added, to elicit greater accountability from their leaders, or to increase their autonomy from the buyers or processors that serve as their patrons.
by Gustavo Setrini.
Ph.D.
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Ates, Ozan K. "Global Supply Chain and Competitive Business Strategies: A Case Study of Blood Sugar Monitoring Industry." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1364987292.
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Wilson, Darin C. "Comparison of Alternative Manufacturing Systems for Global Supply ChainBusiness Strategies in Blood Sugar Monitoring Industry." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1446035356.
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Younes, Sinaki Roohollah. "Financial Analysis and Global Supply Chain Design : A Case Study of Blood Sugar Monitoring Industry." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1509119632628001.
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Sadler, Tony. "The influence of climate, dormancy and seed germination in understanding the commercial limitations of growth of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and Panax quinquefolius L. and the mass micropropagation of these species /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18300.pdf.
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Lewis, C. A. "The South African sugar industry." 1990. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/312/1/The_South_African_sugar_industry.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The sugar industry was established in Natal in the mid-nineteenth century. By the 1980s, South Africa produced c. 2 million metric tons of sugar per annum and, directly or indirectly, the industry supported almost one million people. Exports, which amounted for almost half the sugar produced in the 1970s, declined during the 1980s and low prices together with American and Canadian sanctions have forced the industry to consider alternative uses for sugar cane.
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Lewis, Colin A. "The South African sugar industry." 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006730.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The sugar industry was established in Natal in the mid-nineteenth century. By the 1980s, South Africa produced c. 2 million metric tons of sugar per annum and, directly or indirectly, the industry supported almost one million people. Exports, which amounted for almost half the sugar produced in the 1970s, declined during the 1980s and low prices together with American and Canadian sanctions have forced the industry to consider alternative uses for sugar cane.
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Murthy, Vasudeva K. "The working of Sugar industry in Karnataka." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/1664.
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Neta, Nair do Amaral Sampaio. "Sugar ester biosurfactants for food industry applications." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/14002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Química e BiológicaBiosurfactants are compounds with surface activity constituting the major class of natural surfactants that present interesting features (e.g. emulsifying capacity) for the food industry. These compounds have several advantages over synthetic surfactants such as degradability, can be synthesized from renewable substrates as carbohydrates and fatty acids, and low toxicity. In this sense, the purpose of this thesis is to synthesize new biosurfactants, in particular fructose, sucrose and lactose esters, for potential use in the food industry. Several synthesis experiments were performed under different experimental conditions to maximize the esterification reaction yield, and consequently the production of biosurfactant. The sugar ester biosurfactants purity was the determinant factor for these studies. The synthesis assays were performed in shake flasks under controlled temperature, time and agitation, according to the optimal criteria for the lipases used, namely Candida antarctica type B (CALB) lipase and porcine pancreas lipase (PPL). An experimental design was conducted in order to optimize the yield of fructose esters production from fructose, oleic acid and ethanol using CALB. Temperature and reaction time were found to be the most significant parameters. The optimum conditions were 57.1 ºC, 100 rpm and 37.8 h and a maximum esterification yield of 88.4% was obtained. Afterwards, the lipases from CALB and PPL were used with different carbohydrates (fructose, sucrose and lactose), fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) and solvents (ethanol and ethyl acetate), in order to explore the synthesis of novel sugar esters with improved characteristics. The optimal conditions have been established for all set of experiments and the sugar ester biosurfactants have been characterized according to their surface activity and emulsification index (EI). In the experiments for which CALB was used, lactose ester synthesized using linoleic acid and ethanol presented the highest esterification yield (83.5%). However, the fructose esters obtained showed a better performance regarding their ability to reduce surface tension (35.8 mN/m) and to stabilize an emulsion (EI between 54.4 and 58.4%). Regarding the use of PPL, the highest esterification yields (47.6%) were observed for sucrose esters, which presented the best reduction of surface tension (33.4 mN/m) and EI (between 58.1 and 58.4%). Finally, CALB was immobilized on chitosan and used to synthesize sugar ester biosurfactants. The enzyme immobilization on chitosan showed the highest yield in the lactose ester production (84.1%) compared with the results obtained with the lipase CALB immobilized on acrylic resin. Additionally, the production of fructose ester was found to be higher for CALB immobilized on acrylic resin (74.3%). Sugar ester biosurfactants were then added to samples of fresh coconut milk and characterized according to their surface activity, EI and particle size distribution. Results indicated the lactose ester as the best biosurfactant (surface tension reduction 38.0 mN/m, EI = 54.1%), although good results were also found for the other sugar esters. In summary, the results gathered in this thesis demonstrate the potential of sugar ester biosurfactants for food industry applications.
Biosurfactantes são compostos com actividade de superfície que constituem a principal classe de surfactantes naturais e que apresentam características interessantes (por exemplo, capacidade emulsificante) para a indústria alimentar. Estes compostos têm várias vantagens sobre os surfactantes sintéticos, são biodegradáveis, podem ser sintetizados a partir de substratos renováveis tais como os carboidratos e ácidos graxos, e têm baixa toxicidade. Nesse sentido, o objectivo desta tese é sintetizar novos biosurfactantes, em particular os ésteres de frutose, sacarose e lactose, para potencial uso na indústria de alimentos. Vários experimentos de síntese foram realizados sob diferentes condições experimentais para maximizar o rendimento da reacção de esterificação e, consequentemente, a produção de biosurfactantes. A pureza dos ésteres de açúcar biosurfactantes foi o factor determinante para esses estudos. Os ensaios de síntese foram realizados em matraz sob condições controladas de temperatura, tempo e agitação, de acordo com os critérios óptimos para as lipases utilizadas, nomeadamente a lipase Candida antarctica tipo B (CALB) e lipase pâncreas de porco (PPL). Um delineamento experimental foi conduzido de forma a optimizar o rendimento da produção de ésteres de frutose a partir de frutose, ácido oléico e etanol utilizando CALB. A temperatura e o tempo de reacção foram considerados os parâmetros mais significativos. As condições óptimas foram 57.1 ºC, 100 rpm e 37.8 h e um rendimento máximo de esterificação de 88.4% foi obtido. Posteriormente, as lipases CALB e PPL foram utilizadas com diferentes carboidratos (frutose, sacarose e lactose), ácidos graxos (oléico e linoléico) e solventes (etanol e acetato de etila), a fim de explorar a síntese de novos ésteres de açúcar com características melhoradas. As condições óptimas foram estabelecidas para todo o conjunto de experimentos e os ésteres de açúcar biosurfactantes foram caracterizados de acordo com sua actividade superficial e índice de emulsificação (IE). Nos experimentos onde a lipase CALB foi utilizada, o éster de lactose sintetizado usando ácido linoléico e etanol apresentou o maior rendimento de esterificação (83.5%). No entanto, os ésteres de frutose obtidos mostraram melhor desempenho quanto à capacidade de reduzir a tensão superficial (35.8 mN/m) e para estabilidade da emulsão (EI entre 54.4 e 58.4%). Quanto ao uso da PPL, o maior rendimento de esterificação (47.6%) foi observado nos ésteres de sacarose, que apresentaram a melhor redução de tensão superficial (33.4 mN/m) e EI (entre 58.1 e 58.4%). Finalmente, a lipase CALB foi imobilizada em quitosana e usada para sintetizar ésteres de açúcar biosurfactantes. A imobilização da enzima em quitosana apresentou o maior rendimento na produção de éster de lactose (84.1%) em comparação com os resultados obtidos com a lipase CALB imobilizada em resina acrílica. Além disso, a produção de éster de frutose foi maior com a lipase CALB imobilizada em resina acrílica (74.3%). Em seguida, ésteres de açúcar biosurfactantes foram adicionados às amostras de leite de coco fresco e caracterizadas de acordo com sua actividade superficial, EI e distribuição do tamanho das partículas. Os resultados indicaram o éster de lactose como o melhor biosurfactante (tensão superficial 38.0 mN/m, EI = 54.1%), embora bons resultados também foram encontrados para os outros ésteres de açúcar. Em resumo, os resultados obtidos nesta tese demonstraram o potencial dos ésteres de açúcar biosurfactantes para aplicações na indústria alimentar.
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"Analysis of the United States' Sugar Industry." Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.24823.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
abstract: Unrestricted Mexican exports of sugar into the U.S. is considered the most pressing issue facing the U.S. sugar industry. The goal of this dissertation is to analyze the trade of sugar between Mexico and the U.S. as well as analyze additional primary issues confronting the U.S. sugar industry. Chapters 1 and 2 provide an introduction to the U.S. sugar industry. Chapters 3 through 6 develop trade models which analyze sugar trade between Mexico and the U.S. The trade models estimate how NAFTA, USDA sugar forecast errors and Mexican ownership of twenty percent of the Mexican sugar industry each impact U.S. producer surplus and Mexican welfare. Results validate that U.S. producer surplus and in some instances Mexican welfare were decreased by full implementation of NAFTA. U.S. producer surplus and Mexican welfare were decreased due to USDA sugar production forecasting errors. U.S. producer surplus would be increased if the Mexican government did not own twenty percent of Mexican sugar production. Using an online choice experiment, Chapter 7 assesses U.S. consumers' preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for imported and genetically modified (GM) labeled sugar and sugar in soft drinks. Results indicate that consumers prefer bags of sugar and soft drinks labeled as "Not GM". Furthermore, consumers prefer sugar from Canada and the U.S. over sugar from Mexico, Brazil and the Philippines. Evidence is also provided that participants are more likely to choose actual products in the choice set rather than the "none of these" options when controlling for hypothetical bias by using consequentiality techniques. A non-hypothetical experimental auction was used in Chapter 8 to determine consumers' WTP for soft drinks labeled with sweetener and calorie information and analyzed the role of taste panels in an experimental auction. Results indicate that sugar is consumers' most preferred sweetener and calorie labeling is ineffective at influencing consumers to choose healthier soft drinks. Including taste in an experimental auction caused significant reductions in consumers' WTP for all soft drinks. Chapter 9 concludes by summarizing the results of this dissertation and discussing the future challenges facing the U.S. sugar industry.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Business Administration 2014
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Chen, Hui-Yuan, and 陳暉元. "A Study on Management Strategy for Taiwan Sugar Industry Develop Creative Tourism Industry – An Example of Huwei Sugar Factory." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24tkv5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士環球科技大學
公共事務管理研究所
103
This study usesd "tourist factories" and "diversified and sustainable management" two key concepts, investigate Wei sugar factory into the creative benefits of the tourism industry. This study used in-depth interviews to collect data, according to Wei sugar factory Taiwan sugar company executive interviews; analysis results, Taiwan Sugar land should not be released for industrial use, Taiwan sugar company should make good use of a century enterprise image advantage to protect "century sugar industry" can sustainable management.This research and through "4P theory" analysis, and "SWOT" analysis, meeting whole research results, provides recommends Huwei sugar factory development creative sightseeing industry, to as industry future developed strategy of reference, to up diversified Yong continued business and transformation development more angle of career, to attempts to save sugar factory sugar culture, and history monuments of insurance exists, continued and the create culture assets Yong continued value. Hope to "active management, effective opening", through various tourism-related industry mode of combination of different industry and professional institutes to facilitate upgrading Taiwan sugar industry "in the old days sightseeing factories" program would like to landscape, to perpetuate and create sustainable value of cultural assets, hence industrial regeneration plan of cultural assets, and access to Taiwan centuries sugar recovery of the tourism industry.