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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "SUB-GRIDS"

Nel, Marko, and Imke de Kock. "AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE APPLICABILITY OF SUPER GRIDS IN A SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN CONTEXT." South African Journal of Industrial Engineering 32, no. 2 (2021): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2612.

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Анотація:

There is a need in energy-poor sub-Saharan Africa for a system to manage energy more efficiently and effectively both within and between countries. An approach that has been proven in other parts of the world to facilitate this is super grids. With their interconnection and information management systems, super grids can contribute to the increasingly effective and efficient management of energy, and they have the potential to increase sustainability. The applicability of such super grids in the sub-Saharan African context is still uncertain and is scientifically under-explored; thus there is a need to establish their applicability in a sub-Saharan African context. In this article, the literature on super grids is analysed and contextualised from a bibliometric and content analysis perspective, in order to draw parallels between such super grids and the sub-Saharan African context, and thus to investigate their applicability in that context.

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Lauritzen, P. H., J. T. Bacmeister, P. F. Callaghan, and M. A. Taylor. "NCAR_Topo (v1.0): NCAR global model topography generation software for unstructured grids." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 12 (December 14, 2015): 3975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3975-2015.

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Abstract. It is the purpose of this paper to document the NCAR global model topography generation software for unstructured grids (NCAR_Topo (v1.0)). Given a model grid, the software computes the fraction of the grid box covered by land, the grid-box mean elevation (deviation from a geoid that defines nominal sea level surface), and associated sub-grid-scale variances commonly used for gravity wave and turbulent mountain stress parameterizations. The software supports regular latitude–longitude grids as well as unstructured grids, e.g., icosahedral, Voronoi, cubed-sphere and variable-resolution grids.

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Sarkar, Tanmay, Parveen Kumar, Mridula Dixit Bharadwaj та Umesh Waghmare. "Structural transformation during Li/Na insertion and theoretical cyclic voltammetry of the δ-NH4V4O10 electrode: a first-principles study". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, № 14 (2016): 9344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp07782f.

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A double layer δ-NH₄V₄O₁₀, due to its high energy storage capacity and excellent rate capability, is a very promising cathode material for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries for large-scale renewable energy storage in transportation and smart grids.

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Gao, Qiang, Xiao-Lin Zhao, Ze Chang, Jian Xu, and Xian-He Bu. "Structural stabilization of a metal–organic framework for gas sorption investigation." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 16 (2016): 6830–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt00640j.

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In this contribution, by inserting a ligand intoCo-MOF1, the reformed aggregation of triangle grids (Co-MOF1-tpt) shows enhanced stability. In addition, owing to the maintenance of porosity,Co-MOF1-tptalso reveals a certain CO₂storage ability and CO₂/CH₄adsorption selectivity as expected.

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Fan, Xiaoxia, Dan Zhang, Shiyu Jiang, Heng Wang, Lin-Ting Lin, Bo Zheng, Wen-Hua Xu, et al. "Construction and interconversion of anion-coordination-based (‘aniono’) grids and double helicates modulated by counter-cations." Chemical Science 10, no. 25 (2019): 6278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sc02012h.

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JALSENIUS, MARKUS, and KASPER PEDERSEN. "A SYSTEMATIC SCAN FOR 7-COLOURINGS OF THE GRID." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 19, no. 06 (December 2008): 1461–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012905410800639x.

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We study the mixing time of a systematic scan Markov chain for sampling from the uniform distribution on proper 7-colourings of a finite rectangular sub-grid of the infinite square lattice, the grid. A systematic scan Markov chain cycles through finite-size subsets of vertices in a deterministic order and updates the colours assigned to the vertices of each subset. The systematic scan Markov chain that we present cycles through subsets consisting of 2×2 sub-grids and updates the colours assigned to the vertices using a procedure known as heat-bath. We give a computer-assisted proof that this systematic scan Markov chain mixes in O( log n) scans, where n is the size of the rectangular sub-grid. We make use of a heuristic to compute required couplings of colourings of 2×2 sub-grids. This is the first time the mixing time of a systematic scan Markov chain on the grid has been shown to mix for less than 8 colours. We also give partial results that underline the challenges of proving rapid mixing of a systematic scan Markov chain for sampling 6-colourings of the grid by considering 2×3 and 3×3 sub-grids.

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Elsaidi, Sameh K., Mona H. Mohamed, Herbert T. Schaef, Amrit Kumar, Matteo Lusi, Tony Pham, Katherine A. Forrest, et al. "Correction: Hydrophobic pillared square grids for selective removal of CO2 from simulated flue gas." Chemical Communications 51, no. 94 (2015): 16872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc90503f.

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Fiddes, J., and S. Gruber. "TopoSUB: a tool for efficient large area numerical modelling in complex topography at sub-grid scales." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 5, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 1041–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-5-1041-2012.

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Abstract. Mountain regions are highly sensitive to global climate change. However, large scale assessments of mountain environments remain problematic due to the high resolution required of model grids to capture strong lateral variability. To alleviate this, tools are required to bridge the scale gap between gridded climate datasets (climate models and re-analyses) and unresolved (by coarse grids) sub-grid mountain topography. We address this problem with a sub-grid method. It relies on sampling the most important aspects of land surface heterogeneity through a lumped scheme, allowing for the application of numerical land surface models (LSM) over large areas in mountain regions. This is achieved by including the effect of mountain topography on these processes at the sub-grid scale using a multidimensional informed sampling procedure together with a 1-D lumped model that can be driven by gridded climate datasets. This paper provides a description of this sub-grid scheme, TopoSUB, as well as assessing its performance against a distributed model. We demonstrate the ability of TopoSUB to approximate results simulated by a distributed numerical LSM at around 104 less computations. These significant gains in computing resources allow for: (1) numerical modelling of processes at fine grid resolutions over large areas; (2) extremely efficient statistical descriptions of sub-grid behaviour; (3) a "sub-grid aware" aggregation of simulated variables to course grids; and (4) freeing of resources for treatment of uncertainty in the modelling process.

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Zhang, Yu, Qianqian Yang, Jingjing Lu, Mei Guo, Xiao-Lei Li, and Jinkui Tang. "Heterometallic {DyIII2FeII2} grids with slow magnetic relaxation and spin crossover." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 7 (2021): 1779–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0qi01471k.

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The self-assembly of a Dy^III ion, an Fe^II ion and a multitopic H₂L ligand produces novel [2 × 2] {DyIII2FeII2} grids exhibiting slow magnetic relaxation and spin crossover.

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Lauritzen, P. H., J. T. Bacmeister, P. F. Callaghan, and M. A. Taylor. "NCAR global model topography generation software for unstructured grids." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 6 (June 22, 2015): 4623–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-4623-2015.

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Abstract. It is the purpose of this paper to document the NCAR global model topography generation software for unstructured grids. Given a model grid, the software computes the fraction of the grid box covered by land, the gridbox mean elevation, and associated sub-grid scale variances commonly used for gravity wave and turbulent mountain stress parameterizations. The software supports regular latitude-longitude grids as well as unstructured grids; e.g. icosahedral, Voronoi, cubed-sphere and variable resolution grids. As an example application and in the spirit of documenting model development, exploratory simulations illustrating the impacts of topographic smoothing with the NCAR-DOE CESM (Community Earth System Model) CAM5.2-SE (Community Atmosphere Model version 5.2 – Spectral Elements dynamical core) are shown.

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Дисертації з теми "SUB-GRIDS"

Ireland, Gregory. "Techno-Economic modelling of hybrid renewable mini-grids for rural electrification planning in Sub-Saharan Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29462.

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Access to clean, modern energy services is a necessity for sustainable development. The UN Sustainable Development Goals and SE4ALL program commit to the provision of universal access to modern energy services by 2030. However, the latest available figures estimate that 1.1 billion people are living without access to electricity, with over 55% living in Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, 85% live in rural areas, often with challenging terrain, low income and population density; or in countries with severe underinvestment in electricity infrastructure making grid extension unrealistic. Recently, improvements in technology, cost efficiency and new business models have made mini-grids which combine multiple energy technologies in hybrid systems one of the most promising alternatives for electrification off the grid. The International Energy Agency has estimated that up to 350,000 new mini-grids will be required to reach universal access goals by 2030. Given the intermittent and location-dependent nature of renewable energy sources, the evolving costs and performance characteristics of individual technologies, and the characteristics of interacting technologies, detailed system simulation and demand modelling is required to determine the cost optimal combinations of technologies for each-and-every potential mini-grid site. Adding to this are the practical details on the ground such as community electricity demand profiles and distances to the grid or fuel sources, as well asthe social and political contexts,such as unknown energy demand uptake or technology acceptance, national electricity system expansion plans and subsidies or taxes, among others. These can all have significant impacts in deciding the applicability of a mini-grid within that context. The scope of the research and modelling framework presented focuses primarily on meeting the specific energy needs in the sub-Saharan African context. Thus, in being transparent, utilizing freely available software and data as well as aiming to be reproducible, scalable and customizable; the model aims to be fully flexible, staying relevant to other unique contexts and useful in answering unknown future research questions. The techno-economic model implementation presented in this paper simulates hourly mini-grid operation using meteorological data, demand profiles, technology capabilities, and costing data to determine the optimal component sizing of hybrid mini-grids appropriate for rural electrification. The results demonstrate the location, renewable resource, technology cost and performance dependencies on system sizing. The model is applied for the investigation of 15 hypothetical mini-grids sites in different regions of South Africa to validate and demonstrate the model’s capabilities. The effect of technology hybridization and future technology cost reductions on the expected cost of energy and the optimal technology configurations are demonstrated. The modelling results also showed that the combination of hydrogen fuel cell and electrolysers was not an economical energy storage with present day technology costs and performance. Thereafter, the model was used to determine an approximate fuel cell and electrolyser cost target curve up to the year 2030. Ultimately, any research efforts through the application of the model, building on the presented framework, are intended to bridge the science-policy boundary and give credible insight for energy and electrification policies, as well as identifying high impact focus areas for ongoing further research.

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Biramo, Israel. "Energy-Water-Agriculture Nexus Mini-grids to Power Rural Productive Hubs in Sub-Saharan Africa : A case study of Walta Jalala village in Bedeno Woreda of Ethiopia." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37216.

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The thrive to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 is never been easy, and numbers are still showing that Sub-Saharan Africa is lagging in access to electricity index. Most of the energy poor communities residing in the rural part of the region, this by itself is a conundrum with multifaceted implications. The high capital expenditure for renewable energy technologies, the low paying ability of the society in Sub-Saharan Africa, the unavailability of anchor customer’s and so on needs new means of approaching the access problem. This study aims to enlighten policy makers on promoting energy as input to production than merely focusing on the access issue. In the report, a renewable mini-grid powering a local economic activity of a remote agrarian village in Ethiopia is discussed. Through a simulation study using PVsyst and Homer Pro tools, a yearly optimized PV diesel hybrid system with rounded up lowest LCOE of $0.17/kWh is obtained for the village in the case study. The LCOE of the mini-grid with lead acid battery and Li-ion battery is also studied at a yearly average operating temperature range of 10 to 40 ℃. The simulation-based study demonstrated that mini-grid systems with lead acid and Li-ion battery have fairly comparable LCOE between 10 to 20 ℃, however the Li-ion battery results in a lower LCOE for operating temperature beyond 25 ℃. The study has shown that mini-grids with productive energy can be cost effective option for powering areas where the grid-connection is cost and time intensive to address the energy poverty issue by 2030 or after.

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Tomaszewski, Michal. "Reactive power management capabilities of Swedish sub-transmission and medium voltage level grid." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240411.

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Rising penetration of renewable energy sources in electric power grids isboth a challenge and an opportunity to optimally utilize the potential of eitherwind or PV energy sources, to stabilize operation of future power systems.Bi-directional ows between distribution and transmission system operatorscause signicant problems with keeping the voltages in the grid within admissiblelimits. This paper contains description of Oland's island mediumandlow-voltage electric power grid, ranging from 0.4 kV to 130 kV in thepurpose of quasi-static analysis of active and reactive power ows in the system.Goal of the analysis is to optimize reactive power exchange at the pointof connection with the mainland grid. In the analyzed grid system, thereis an enormous, 190 % penetration of wind sources. Capacity of the windparks connected to dedicated buses totals to 136.1 MW, that supply up to90.5 MW of load. With industry-wise reactive power capability limits, totalcontribution of wind parks reaches almost 66 MVAr, enabling to compensatedecits and extra surpluses of the reactive power in the grid. Presentedsystem is connected to the mainland's grid through one point of connection,which is simulated as Thevenin equivalent circuit. Main objective of thethesis is to test and analyze viable solutions to minimize reactive power exchangeat the point of connection at Stavlo substation connecting Oland'sand Sweden's electric grid keeping valid all necessary contingencies enforcedby current grid codes applied in Sweden as well as thermal limits of the linesand voltage limits of the system. Furthermore, state of the art of currentreactive power compensation methodologies and most promising techniquesto eciently and eectively control reactive power ow are outlined. Droopcontrol methodologies, with focus on global and local objectives, and smartgrid solutions opportunities are being tested and modeled by the authors andare comprehensively presented in this paper. Moreover, economic costs ofcontrol methods are compared. Analysis of active power losses in the systemas well as cost of implementation of alternative solutions is presented, wheremost nancially viable solutions are outlined, giving brief outlook into futureperspectives and challenges of electric power systems. It is shown that controllabilityof reactive power support by wind turbine generators can enhanceoperation of electric power grids, by keeping the reactive power ow minimizedat the boundary between grids of distribution and transmission systemoperators. Furthermore, results indicate that extra reactive power supportby wind turbine generators can lead to diminishment of active power losses inthe system. Presented system is being modeled in the PSS/E software dedicatedfor power system engineers with use of Python programming languages.Analysis of data was done either in Python or R related environments. Thesiswas written with cooperation between KTH and E.On Energidistribution AB.
Hogre genomslagskraft av förnyelsebara energikällor i elnäteten är bådeen utmaning och möjlighet för att optimalt kunna utnyttja potentialen av vindkraft och PV källor, med avseende på att stabilisera driften av framtida elkraftsystem. Tvåvägsflöden mellan distributionoch transmissionsoperatörer orsakar betydande problem att hålla spänningen i nätet inom tillåtna gränsvärden.Denna uppsats innehåller en beskrivning av Ö lands mellanoch lågspänningsnät,på 0.4 kV till 130 kV i syftet att utföra en kvasistatisk analys av aktiva och reaktiva effektflöden i systemet. Målet med analysen är att optimera det reaktiva effektutbytet i kopplingspunkten med fastlandets nät. I det analyserade systemet, finns det en enorm potential på 190% genomslagskraft av vindkraft. Kapaciteten på vindkraftsparker kopplade till medtagna samlingsskenor i systemet uppgår till 136,1 MW, som tillgodoser upp till 90.5 MW last. Med industrimässigt begränsad reaktiv effektkapabilitet, uppgår vindkraftsparkernas bidrag till nästan 66 MVAr, vilken möjliggör kompensation för underskott och överskott av reaktiv effekt i nätet. Det presenterade systemet är kopplat till fastlandet genom en kopplingspunkt, där fastlandet är simulerat som en Thevenin ekvivalent. Huvudsakliga målet med denna uppsats är att testa och analysera gångbara lösningar för att minimera det reaktiva effektutbytet vid kopplingspunkten i Stävlö, som kopplar ihop Ö land med resterande nät i Sverige, samtidigt som alla nödvändiga villkor enligt nuvarande nätkoder i Sverige bibehålls, liksom termiska gränser för ledningarna och spanningsgränser för systemet. Ytterligare beskrivs den bästa tillgängliga tekniken som finns idag för reaktiv effektkompensation, och de mest lovande teknikerna för att effektivt och verkningsfullt kontrollera reaktiva effektflöden. Droop-kontroll-metodologier, med fokus på globala och lokala tillämpningar, och smarta nät-möjligheter testas och modelleras av författarna och presenterar djupgående i detta arbete. Dessutom jämförs ekonomiska kostnader för olika kontrollmetoder. Analyser av aktiva effektförluster i systemet samt kostnader för implementation av alternativa lösningar presenteras, där de flesta gångbara losningar behandlas, och ger en överskådlig bild av framtida perspektiv och utmaningar i elkraftsystemet. Det visas att vindturbiners kontroll av reaktiv effekt, kan förbättra driften av elnäten, genom att minimera det reaktiva effektflödesutbytet i gränsen mellan distributionoch transmissionsoperatörers nät. Ytterligare pekar resultat på att extra understöd av reaktiv effekt från vindturbiner kan leda till förminskning av aktiva förluster i systemet. Det presenterade systemet modelleras i mjukvaruprogrammet PSS/E dedikerat för elkraftsingenjörer med hjälp av Python. Analys av data gjordes antingen i Pythoneller R-relaterade miljöer. Detta arbete har gjorts tillsam-mans med KTH och E.ON Energidistribution AB.

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Welsch, Manuel. "Enhancing the Treatment of Systems Integration in Long-term Energy Models." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energisystemanalys, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-134100.

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Анотація:

Securing access to affordable energy services is of central importance to our societies. To do this sustainably, energy systems design should be – amongst other things – environmentally compliant and reconcile with the integrated management of potentially limiting resources. This work considers the role for so-called 'Smart Grids' to improve the delivery of energy services. It deals with the integration of renewable energy technologies to mitigate climate change. It further demonstrates an approach to harmonise potentially conflicting energy, water and land-use strategies. Each presents particular challenges to energy systems analysis. Computer aided models can help identify energy systems that most effectively meet the multiple demands placed on them. As models constitute a simple abstraction of reality, it is important to ensure that those dynamics that considerably impact results are suitably integrated. In its three parts, this thesis extends long-term energy system models to consider improved integration between: (A) supply and demand through Smart Grids; (B) timeframes by incorporating short-term operating constraints into long-term models; and (C) resource systems by linking multiple modelling tools. In Part A, the thesis explores the potential of Smart Grids to accelerate and improve electrification efforts in developing countries. Further, a long-term energy system model is enhanced to investigate the Smart Grid benefits associated with a closer integration of supply, storage and demand-side options. In Part B, the same model is extended to integrate flexibility requirements. The benefits of this integration are illustrated on an Irish case study on high levels of wind power penetrations. In Part C, an energy model is calibrated to consider climate change scenarios and linkages with land-use and water models. This serves to assess the implications of introducing biofuels on the small island developing state of Mauritius. The thesis demonstrates that too weak integration between models and resource systems can produce significantly diverging results. The system configurations derived may consequently generate different – and potentially erroneous – policy and investment insights.
Säker och prisvärd tillgång till energitjänster är en central fråga för dagens samhällen. För att tillgodose samhällen med hållbara energitjänster bör energisystemen designas för att – bland annat – möta de miljömässiga kraven samt hantera potentiellt begränsade resurser. Den här avhandlingen undersöker de ”smarta” elnätens roll för bättre tillhandahållande av energitjänster. Avhandlingen behandlar integration av förnybar energiteknik för minskad klimatpåverkan samt demonstrerar ett tillvägagångssätt för att förena potentiellt motstridiga energi-, vatten- och markanvändningsstrategier. Dessa uppvisar särskilda utmaningar i energisystemanalyser. Datorstödda modeller kan användas för att identifiera energisystem som på effektivast sätt möter samhällets krav. Datorstödda modeller är, per definition, förenklingar av verkligheten och det är därför viktigt att säkerställa en korrekt representation av det verkliga systemets dynamik. Den här avhandlingen förstärker energisystemmodeller för långsiktsprognoser utifrån tre aspekter: förbättra integrationen av (A) tillgång och efterfrågan genom smarta elnät; (B) olika tidsaspekter genom att inkludera kortsiktiga operativa begränsningar; samt (C) resurssystem genom att sammanlänka olika modelleringsverktyg. I del A utforskades de smarta elnätens potential för att förbättra elektriska system i utvecklingsländer. En befintlig energisystemmodell förstärktes för att behandla smarta elnät och kan därmed fånga fördelarna förknippade med energilagring och energianvändning. I del B utvidgades en energisystemmodell för långsiktsprognoser med flexibilitet för kortsiktiga operativa begränsningar. En fallstudie fokuserad på ett vindkraftsdominerat irländskt elnät genomfördes för att demonstrera fördelarna av modellutvecklingen. I del C kalibrerades en energisystemmodell för att ta klimatscenarier i beaktande samt energisystemets kopplingar till markanvändning och vattenresurssystem. En fallstudie fokuserad på Mauritius energisystem genomfördes för att undersöka konsekvenserna av en potentiell introducering av biobränslen. Avhandlingen demonstrerar att undermålig integration av energimodeller och resurssystem kan leda till avsevärda avvikelser i resultaten. Slutsatser som dras utifrån dessa resultat kan därmed leda till vitt skilda – och potentiellt felaktiga – underlag för investeringar och energipolitiska rekommendationer.

QC 20131118

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Книги з теми "SUB-GRIDS"

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. RNS applications for interacting sub- and supersonic flows: Final report, NASA grant no. NAG1-1553, 11/19/93-5/18/97. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Частини книг з теми "SUB-GRIDS"

Zigah, Elias, Mamadou Barry, and Anna Creti. "Are Mini-Grid Projects in Tanzania Financially Sustainable?" In Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz. Energy Policy and Climate Protection, 233–61. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_10.

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AbstractWhile it is commonly acknowledged that mini-grids are the new pathway to bridging the high electricity access deficit in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), comparably few studies have assessed how existing regulations and tariff policies in SSA affect their potentials to attract the number of private investments required to scale-up deployments. Private investors’ participation is particularly crucial to meet the annual electrification investment needs of $120 billons in SSA. We study the regulatory framework, the tariff structure, and the subsidy schemes for mini-grids in Tanzania. Additionally, using an optimization technique, we assess the profitability of a mini-grid electrification project in Tanzania from a private investment perspective. We find that the approved standardized small power producers’ tariffs and subsidy scheme in Tanzania still do not allow mini-grid for rural electrification projects to be profitable. A further study is required to identify successful business models and strategies to improve mini-grids profitability.

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Cabadag, R., U. Schmidt, R. Tiebel, and P. Schegner. "Computer Based Analysis of Distributed Wind Farms for Reactive Power Management in Sub-Transmission Grids." In NEIS Conference 2016, 74–79. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15029-7_12.

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Okunlola, A., O. Evbuomwan, H. Zaheer, and J. Winklmaier. "Assessment of Decentralized Hybrid Mini-grids in Sub-Saharan Africa: Market Analysis, Least-Cost Modelling, and Job Creation Analysis." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 21–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93438-9_2.

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Gebrealif, Yodit, Mohammed Mubarkoot, Jörn Altmann, and Bernhard Egger. "Architecture for Orchestrating Containers in Cloud Federations." In Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services, 66–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92916-9_6.

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AbstractContainerization technology helps achieving not only better portability and interoperability but also better performance and efficiency on various cloud computing arrangements. Such technology is expected to empower cloud federations by enhancing portability and scalability across the federation. In this paper, we propose an architecture by adding two subcomponents to the NIST reference architecture for identifying resources and managing container orchestration in cloud federation environments. The architecture adds two subcomponents to the NIST reference architecture. The proposed two new sub-components enable resource identification and container orchestration across cloud federation members. These names of the two subcomponents are the Resource Identifier and the Container Orchestrator, respectively. The Resource Identifier component identifies the appropriate federated member for allocating tasks based on previous experience and current status. The Container Orchestrator facilitates the management and orchestration of containers at the federation level. We also identified several techniques, which can be used for resource identification. Among those, linear regression technique is selected for resource provisioning and identification of federation members. Further, these techniques are also expected to learn from log files from previous executions and prioritize resources based on the current resource status and previous experience.

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Ramakrishna, E., M. Bharath Kumar, G. Jaya Krishna, and P. Sujatha. "The Power Quality Improvement in Distribution System for Unbalanced and Faulty Conditions by Using MMC-DSTATCOM." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde221317.

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This study examines the performance of a modular multi level converter with a half bridge sub-module (HBSM)-based seven level distribution static synchronous compensator (MMC-DSTATCOM) in low voltage micro grids under unbalanced and flawed system conditions. For MMC- DSTATCOM, the phase angle control algorithm served as the outside control and the phase shift carrier PWM served as the interior control with capacitor balanced control. The effectiveness of MMC-DSTATCOM is investigated in MATLAB/Simulink for a number of simulations, including reactive power compensation, unbalanced, and defective grid scenarios.

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Ouadi, Abderrahmane, Abdelkader Zitouni, and Ahmed Maache. "Advanced Real-Time Tester for a Smart Power Grid." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 309–21. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4027-5.ch013.

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The testing approach is facing many difficulties regarding the actual implementations in the modern smart power grids. One of these challenges is the testing of hardware devices such as protective relays, PMUs, and smart meters before its final deployment to the power grid. One way to overcome this is the real-time simulation of power grid. The hardware-under-test (HuT) is plugged to a real-time simulator via signal conditioning circuit (SCC). SCC is an interface circuit involving power amplifier and measurement sub-circuit between the real-time power grid simulator and the HuT. In this chapter, some advanced developed techniques and approaches will be presented.

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Greenlaw, Raymond, H. James Hoover, and Walter L. Ruzzo. "Parallel Models of Computation." In Limits to Parallel Computation. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085914.003.0006.

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Before we can discuss the difficulty of solving a problem, we must first choose a suitable machine model in which to describe our computations. A machine model is a parameterized description of a class of machines. Each machine in the class is obtained from the model by giving specific values for the parameters. For example, a Turing machine is specified by giving the number of work tapes, symbol set, and program. The choice of model that we make depends on how we wish to balance such factors as simplicity, generality, historical use, novelty, plausibility of actual implementation, and ease of programming. This flexibility inevitably leads to a proliferation of different models, and parallel computation is no exception to this tendency toward diversity. The menagerie of parallel models includes bit vector machines (Pratt and Stockmeyer [293]), Boolean circuits (Borodin [40]), parallel random access machines, or PRAMs (Fortune and Wyllie [109], Goldschlager [126]), k-PRAMs (Savitch and Stimson [323]), alternating Turing machines (Chandra, Kozen, and Stockmeyer [49]), parallel pointer machines (Cook and Dymond [68], Dymond [98], Dymond and Cook [99, 100]), aggregates ([98, 99, 100]), conglomerates (Goldschlager [126]), and a large variety of machines based on fixed interconnection networks, such as grids, hypercubes, and shuffle-exchange (see Leighton [228]). Such variety makes it difficult to compare competing models. At the qualitative level, models can be distinguished by their processor granularity and their interconnection pattern. One important distinction among models is in the granularity with which they treat parallel operations. A model can be fine-grained and treat bit operations as the basic unit of parallel computation, or it can be coarsegrained and, for example, treat local sub computations on processors as the fundamental unit. In addition the model can be structured, in which case the machine can only manipulate atomic data objects and cannot access their representations (as bits for example). Another important qualitative difference among models is the nature of the communications between processing elements. Some models allow unrestricted communication between processing elements at any time. Other models require a fixed communication pattern. In some models there is no charge for the communication pathway between elements, in others there is.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "SUB-GRIDS"

Wani, M. Arif. "Microarray Classification Using Sub-space Grids." In 2011 Tenth International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmla.2011.125.

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"AN EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE FOR MONITORING AND CONTROL OF SUB-GRIDS." In 1st International Conference on Smart Grids and Green IT Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003948600670072.

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Matthee, A., N. Moonen, and F. Leferink. "Sub-Millisecond Transient Analysis with Multi-Point Measurement in Weak Grids." In 2020 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emceurope48519.2020.9245718.

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Nakata, Bruno H., Luis F. N. Lourenco, and Mauricio B. C. Salles. "Voltage control analysis for integrating wind generation in distribution/sub-transmission grids." In 2017 6th International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccep.2017.8004822.

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Cabadag, Rengin, Jorg Dickert, Uwe Schmidt, and Peter Schegner. "Providing reactive power requirements of sub-transmission grids by decentralized wind farms." In 2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtucon.2016.7763092.

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Wang, Zhiyue, Wei Zhou, Junlin Li, Zhiyong Chen, Shifeng Chen та Hai-Tao Zhang. "A Reweighted ℓ₁-Minimization Algorithm for Joint Topology and Line Parameter Identification in Electric Grids". У 2021 40th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc52363.2021.9550625.

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Michaelis, D., C. A. Wächter, T. Wehlus, A. Rausch, F. Fuchs, L. Stürzebecher, T. Harzendorf, N. Danz, and A. Bräuer. "Enhanced light coupling of white Organic LED using sub-anode high index grids." In Solid-State Lighting. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ssl.2016.ssw2d.2.

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Edwards, Michael G. "Control-Volume Distributed Sub-Cell Flux Schemes for Unstructured and Flow Based Grids." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/79710-ms.

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Guo, Teng, and Jingjin Yu. "Sub-1.5 Time-Optimal Multi-Robot Path Planning on Grids in Polynomial Time." In Robotics: Science and Systems 2022. Robotics: Science and Systems Foundation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15607/rss.2022.xviii.057.

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Cardew, George E. "A Composite Overlapping Grid Method in Solid Mechanics." In ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium collocated with the ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1995-0771.

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Abstract A preliminary study of the effectiveness of composite overlapping, patched grid methods has been carried out using the finite element research code ‘TOMECH’ [1]. These methods could be of particular value in situations where a fully connected mesh model is difficult to achieve or where enhanced accuracy is needed in a small sub-region of a model. The methodology required to achieve the data communication between the sub-grids and the base grid is adapted from multi-grid methods. This is a ‘Global-Local’ style approach in which a multi-grid style iterative correction is applied following the updating of the displacements on the sub-grid boundaries. The approach provides a feedback mechanism within the global-local cycle, updating the base grid solution and enabling a subsequent improved estimate to the sub-grid boundaries. It is hoped that this study will ultimately facilitate very fine resolution, fully non-linear, damage predictions on adaptively created patched grids.

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Звіти організацій з теми "SUB-GRIDS"

Reber, Timothy J., Samuel S. Booth, Dylan S. Cutler, Xiangkun Li, and James A. Salasovich. Tariff Considerations for Micro-Grids in Sub-Saharan Africa. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1422366.

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Talu, Orhan, and Surendra N. Tewari. Sub-Nanostructured Non Transition Metal Complex Grids for Hydrogen Storage. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/918886.

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Lockhart, Eric, Samuel Booth, and Ian Baring-Gould. Customer Agreement Considerations for Micro-Grids in Sub-Saharan Africa. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1465660.

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Schattenburg, Mark L. Metrology for the Sub-100 NM Domain Via Fiducial Grids. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425153.

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Pueyo, Ana, Gisela Ngoo, Editruda Daulinge, and Adriana Fajardo. The Quest for Scalable Business Models for Mini-Grids in Africa: Implementing the Keymaker Model in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.071.

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Achieving universal electrification in sub-Saharan Africa requires creative solutions. Renewable mini-grids are a promising technology to electrify remote communities with a substantial productive demand, mainly from agro-processing. Mini-grids have experienced fast growth and there are now around 2,200 systems in the sub-Saharan Africa region. However, their economic case in the sub-continent is unclear. Most mini-grids are struggling not only to obtain a profit but also to recover costs. This Research Report describes the case of a private company in Tanzania implementing a business model for mini-grids that promotes productive uses of energy to achieve financial sustainability (the ‘Keymaker model’). A group of researchers worked jointly with the mini-grid developer to procure equipment for fish processing activities, support local entrepreneurs to use electricity productively, and to document and learn from the process. Although the business model was ultimately unsuccessful – facing high regulatory risks, high initial tariffs required to recover costs, and complex management of agro-processing activities – the project offers useful lessons and considerations for future efforts to promote mini-grids, and how public–private partnerships can help improve affordability and reduce regulatory risks.

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Pueyo, Ana. Decentralised Access to Electricity Through Mini-Grids in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.064.

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Renewable, decentralised mini-grids are a promising technology for electrifying remote communities in sub-Saharan Africa. However, most mini-grids struggle not only to obtain a profit, but also to recover costs. This Policy Briefing describes the case of a private, for-profit mini-grid business model which also developed the productive commercial uses of electricity to achieve financial sustainability. The model failed due to high regulatory risks, initially high tariffs, and complex management of commercial activities. We argue that public–private partnerships and collaboration with local agrobusinesses could improve affordability, reduce risks, and ensure long-term sustainability.

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Brennen, R. A., M. H. Hecht, and D. V. Wiberg. Fabricating sub-collimating grids for an x-ray solar imaging spectrometer using LIGA techniques. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/603702.

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Lockhart, Eric, Xiangkun Li, Samuel S. Booth, Daniel R. Olis, James A. Salasovich, James Elsworth, and Lars Lisell. Comparative Study of Techno-Economics of Lithium-Ion and Lead-Acid Batteries in Micro-Grids in Sub-Saharan Africa. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1526204.

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