Дисертації з теми "Structuration de données"
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Pigeau, Antoine. "Structuration géo-temporelle de données multimédia personnelles." Phd thesis, Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2131.
Повний текст джерелаUsage of mobile devices raises the need for organizing large personal multimedia collection. The present work focus on personal image collections acquired from mobile phones equipped with a camera. We deal with the structuring of an image collection as a clustering problem. Our solution consists in building two distinct temporal and spatial partitions, based on the temporal and spatial metadata of each image. The main ingredients of our approach are the Gaussian mixture models and the ICL criterion to determine the models complexities. First, we propose an incremental optimization algorithm to build non-hierarchical partitions in an automatic manner. It is then combined with an agglomerative algorithm to provide an incremental hierarchical algorithm. Finally, two techniques are roposed to build hybrid spatio-temporal classifications taking into account the human machine interaction constraints
Falip, Joris. "Structuration de données multidimensionnelles : une approche basée instance pour l'exploration de données médicales." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS014/document.
Повний текст джерелаA posteriori use of medical data accumulated by practitioners represents a major challenge for clinical research as well as for personalized patient follow-up. However, health professionals lack the appropriate tools to easily explore, understand and manipulate their data. To solve this, we propose an algorithm to structure elements by similarity and representativeness. This method allows individuals in a dataset to be grouped around representative and generic members who are able to subsume the elements and summarize the data. This approach processes each dimension individually before aggregating the results and is adapted to high-dimensional data and also offers transparent, interpretable and explainable results. The results we obtain are suitable for exploratory analysis and reasoning by analogy: the structure is similar to the organization of knowledge and decision-making process used by experts. We then propose an anomaly detection algorithm that allows complex and high-dimensional anomalies to be detected by analyzing two-dimensional projections. This approach also provides interpretable results. We evaluate these two algorithms on real and simulated high-dimensional data with up to thousands of dimensions. We analyze the properties of graphs resulting from the structuring of elements. We then describe a medical data pre-processing tool and a web application for physicians. Through this intuitive tool, we propose a visual structure of the elements to ease the exploration. This decision support prototype assists medical diagnosis by allowing the physician to navigate through the data and explore similar patients. It can also be used to test clinical hypotheses on a cohort of patients
Gelgon, Marc. "Structuration statistique de données multimédia pour la recherche d'information." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00450297.
Повний текст джерелаBenadi, Sofiane Abdelkader. "Structuration des données et des services pour le télé-enseignement." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0058/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe evolution of the ICT basically touches the educational field. While fitting in this current, this thesis relates to the design of environments for e-learning. More particularly, our work concerns the implementation of a model for structuring the data and the services whose goal is to used as a basic for the design of hypermedia environments allowing the dynamic generation of pedagogical activities adapted to the profiles and the preferences of the learners. This adaptation is carried out thanks to the use of the various languages revolving around XML technology and thanks to a horizontal system division in three interdependent levels (support, structure and semantics levels). Their respective roles are explained each time by describing the interests of this modelling. Finally, we describe a platform respecting this model which was implemented in order to validate all our proposals
Ben, Meftah Salma. "Structuration sématique de documents XML centres-documents." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10061/document.
Повний текст джерелаLe résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur
Daniel-Vatonne, Marie-Christine. "Les termes : un modèle de représentation et structuration de données symboliques." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20031.
Повний текст джерелаRibert, Arnaud. "Structuration évolutive de données : application à la construction de classifieurs distribués." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES073.
Повний текст джерелаTlili, Assed. "Structuration des données de la conception d'un bâtiment pour une utilisation informatique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529509.
Повний текст джерелаCho, Choong-Ho. "Structuration des données et caractérisation des ordonnancements admissibles des systèmes de production." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0053.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals, on the one band, with the specification and the modelization of data bases for the scheduling problems in a hierarchical architecture of manufacturing systems, on the other hand, with the analytical specification of the set of feasible solutions for the decision support scheduling problems about three different types of workshops: - first, made up several machines (flowshop: sequences of operations are the same for all jobs), considering the important cri teri on as the set up times under set tasks groups) and potential. Constraints, - second, with only one machine, under the given due dates of jobs constraints, finally, organised in a jobshop, under the three previous constraints: set, potential and due dates. One of original researchs concerns the new structure: PQR trees, to characterise the set of feasible sequences of tasks
Aguila, Orieta Del. "Analyse et structuration des données dans les logiciels de CAO en électromagnétisme." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0077.
Повний текст джерелаMühlhoff, Philippe. "HBDS structuration d'un système de CAO intergraph." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066634.
Повний текст джерелаThion, Romuald. "Structuration relationnelle des politiques de contrôle d'accès : représentation, raisonnement et vérification logiques." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0028/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAccess control is a mechanism which defmes and controls the privileges of users in a system. Nowadays, it is one of the most common and pervasive mechanisms used for security enforcement in information systems. Access control policies are sets of facts and rules organized by mean of access control models. Sin ce the role-based access control initiative, several access control models have been proposed in the literature. The policies and models have become larger and more complex, and several issues on formalization, verification and administration have appeared. The PhD thesis shows that access control models share common characteristics. Upon analysis and synthesis of these traits, we propose a relational structuration for the design, organization and formalization of privileges. The framework is built upon data dependencies: fragments of first-order logic dedicated to express constraints between relational data. Some results from the data bases community benefit the approach by helping address current issues on expression, verification, and reasoning on access control policies. We focus particularly on the integrity property ofpolicies: guaranteeing that the policies enforce the properties defined in the model. The thesis profits from bridges between data dependencies, conceptual graphs and formal concepts analysis. Thus, we propose a graphical representation of the models and a semi-automated method for eengineering the policies. Finally, we present perspectives for access control models based upon recent applications of data dependencies from the databases community
Djennaoui, Mohand-Said. "Structuration des données dans le cadre d'un système de gestion de bases de connaissances." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0077.
Повний текст джерелаBoth the deduction and the structuration of the information are essential features for the new generation of DBMS (namely Knowledge Base management System : KBMS). EPSILON is KBMS integration (combining) logic programming (PROLOG) and relational databases ; It allows to use data stored in the data bases as prolog's facts and with user transparency. This work descibes the system's enriching by endowing it with structuration mechanisms in the sens of NF2 relations (Nested relations). The user can define external views based on a NF2 model. At the internal level, the relations remain compatible with the traditional relational model. Around the EPSILON kermel, we have designed and developed: - A meta-interpreter of logic based language including sets and tuples constructors. - A translater which allows to use the met-interpreter in a transparency way. - A meta-interpreter which allows to handle SQL request relation
Debrauwer, Laurent. "Des vues aux contextes pour la structuration fonctionnelle de bases de données à objets en CROME." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-253.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSene, Alsane. "Modélisation et structuration des connaissances dans les processus de télémédecine dédiés aéronautique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30251/document.
Повний текст джерелаThere is an inherent risk in the practice of medicine that can affect the conditions of medical activities (diagnostic or therapeutic purposes). The management of uncertainty is also an integral part of decision-making processes in the medical field. In the case of a medical incident during an air travel, this uncertainty includes three additional sources: (1) variability of the aeronautical conditions, (2) individual variability of the patient's conditions, (3) individual variability of the intervener's skills. Presently, medical incidents in the plane are estimated worldwide at 350 per day and when they occur, they are handled in 95 \% of cases by health professionals who are passengers. It is often for them a first experience. The main reason for the reluctance of health professionals to respond to the aircraft captain's call is the need to improvise; having to make a diagnosis and assess the severity of the patient's condition under difficult conditions. Apart from telemedicine with remote assistance, the intervener, often alone in the face of his doubts and uncertainty, has no other decision aid tool on board. Civil aviation also has feedback systems to manage the complexity of such processes. Event collection and analysis policies are put in place internationally, for example ECCAIRS (European Co-ordination Center for Accident and Incident Reporting Systems) and ASRS (Aviation Safety Reporting System). In this work, we first propose a semantic formalization based on ontologies to clarify conceptually the vocabulary of medical incidents occurring during commercial flights. Then, we implement a knowledge extraction process from the data available on existing databases to identify the patterns of the different groups of incidents. Finally, we propose a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) architecture that integrates the management of the uncertainties present on both the collected data and the skill levels of the medical professionals involved
Lombard, Vincent. "Structuration et exploration d'informations génomiques et fonctionnelles des enzymes actives sur les glucides." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10037/document.
Повний текст джерелаCarbohydrates are widely distributed in nature, where they are involved in a multitude of important biological events. Saccharides and glycoconjugates constitute the main component of the biomass produced on earth, therefore they represent a plentiful source of renewable energy. The diversity of complex carbohydrates is created and controlled by a panel of enzyme activities involved in their assembly, degradation and modification. The structural and functional study of Carbohydrate Active enZymes on (CAZymes) has been the basis for many applied research efforts in biotechnology. For exemple, the biotechnology industry is currently searching enzymes with enhanced activities and specificities. The identification of new enzymes is potentially facilitated by the large-scale accumulation of gene sequences, particularly from current genomic studies.This thesis aimed at developing tools for the classification and identification of new enzymes involved in biomass degradation. To this end, a new structure of the CAZy database was developed and applied to mining genomic, metagenomic and biochemical data. A complete reorganisation of the structure of the existing database and its interface has been achieved. In this effort the analysis of all known families of polysaccharide lyases has been validated and subfamilies were created, which revealed functional homogeneity. In addition, the systematic identification of modular proteins containing plant cell wallbinding modules allowed the identification of new proteins potentially targeting plant biomass. Finally, I show that it is indeed possible to analyze large volumes of (meta)genomic data by automated methods in order to understand their CAZyme contents
Voiron, Nicolas. "Structuration de bases multimédia pour une exploration visuelle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA036/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe large increase in multimedia data volume requires the development of effective solutions for visual exploration of multimedia databases. After reviewing the visualization process involved, we emphasis the need of data structuration. The main objective of this thesis is to propose and study clustering and classification of multimedia database for their visual exploration.We begin with a state of the art detailing the data and the metrics we can produce according to the nature of the variables describing each document. Follows a review of the projection and classification techniques. We also present in detail the Spectral Clustering method.Our first contribution is an original method that produces fusion of metrics using rank correlations. We validate this method on an animation movie database coming from an international festival. Then we propose a supervised classification method based on rank correlation. This contribution is evaluated on a multimedia challenge dataset. Then we focus on Spectral Clustering methods. We test a supervised Spectral Clustering technique and compare to state of the art methods. Finally we examine active semi-supervised Spectral Clustering methods. In this context, we propose and validate constraint propagation techniques and strategies to improve the convergence of these active methods
Bouchekif, Abdesselam. "Structuration automatique de documents audio." Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1038/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe topic structuring is an area that has attracted much attention in the Natural Language Processing community. Indeed, topic structuring is considered as the starting point of several applications such as information retrieval, summarization and topic modeling.In this thesis, we proposed a generic topic structuring system i.e. that has the ability to deal with any TV Broadcast News.Our system contains two steps: topic segmentation and title assignment. Topic segmentation consists in splitting the document into thematically homogeneous fragments. The latter are generally identified by anonymous labels and the last step has to assign a title to each segment.Several original contributions are proposed like the use of a joint exploitation of the distribution of speakers and words (speech cohesion) and also the use of diachronic semantic relations. After the topic segmentation step, the generated segments are assigned a title corresponding to an article collected from Google News during the same day. Finally, we proposed the evaluation of two new metrics, the first is dedicated to the topic segmentation and the second to title assignment.The experiments are carried out on three corpora. They consisted of 168 TV Broadcast News from 10 French channels automatically transcribed. Our corpus is characterized by his richness and diversity
Roche, Philip. "Structuration de la végétation et organisation du paysage en Provence calcaire : approche spatiale et hiérarchique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX11008.
Повний текст джерелаGouriveau, Rafael. "Analyse des risques : formalisation des connaissances et structuration des données pour l'intégration des outils d'étude et de décision." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT035H.
Повний текст джерелаZanghi, Hugo. "Approches modèles pour la structuration du web vu comme un graphe." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EVRY0041/document.
Повний текст джерелаHe statistical analysis of complex networks is a challenging task, given that appropriate statistical models and efficient computational procedures are required in order for structures to be learned. The principle of these models is to assume that the distribution of the edge values follows a parametric distribution, conditionally on a latent structure which is used to detect connectivity patterns. However, these methods suffer from relatively slow estimation procedures, since dependencies are complex. In this thesis we adapt online estimation strategies, originally developed for the EM algorithm, to the case of graph models. In addition to the network data used in the methods mentioned above, vertex content will sometimes be available. We then propose algorithms for clustering data sets that can be modeled with a graph structure embedding vertex features. Finally, an online Web application, based on the Exalead search engine, allows to promote certain aspects of this thesis
Grosjean, Frédéric. "Le football, un élément de structuration de l'espace franc-comtois." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1037.
Повний текст джерелаFootball is an integral part of Sunday life in France: The French gather around the stadium to comment on the game, support the home club, discourage the visiting club, see their sons play, etc. Its broad appeal (in France, two million players are represented in a total of 20,000 clubs) suggests that it can be seen as a type of service for the population. The aim of this dissertation is to show that football, as well as sport in general, can be compared to a service. The research presented is specific to football in Franche-Comté. Consequently, the clubs themselves can be equated to the producers of the service (the supply), with the players as the consumers (the demand). The research is made up of two parts : - the first is concerned with the analysis of football as a service from the perspective of the demand (clubs); it examines the various manners in which football (the supply) has been delivered to its audience (the ones who demand it). It illustrates the life cycle of a sport as a service; - the second is concerned with the demand (the players), or rather the demands. The participants play according to the same rules, but they pursue the activity differently: they choose their club based on their own personal motivation (be it for pleasure or for competition) and on the club's social advantages (the social milieu). A basic management tool (MGéO'FOOT: Mieux Gérer et Organiser le Football) for the collection of space-time data was designed to more effectively manage and organize football. In order to facilitate more effective land planning, this tool was considered very appropriate and useful for the persons in charge of the discipline
Pierret, Jean-Dominique. "Methodologie et structuration d'un outil de decouverte de connaissances base sur la litterture biomedicale : une application basee sur le MeSH." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011704.
Повний текст джерелаPourtant, en 1985, Don Swanson propose une méthode originale pour extraire de bases de donnés une information innovante. Son raisonnement est basé sur une exploitation systématique de la littérature biomédicale afin de dégager des connexions latentes entre différentes connaissances bien établies. Ses travaux montrent le potentiel insoupçonné des bases bibliographiques dans la révélation et la découverte de connaissances. Cet intérêt ne tient pas tant à la nature de l'information disponible qu'à la méthodologie utilisée. Cette méthodologie générale s'applique de façon privilégiée dans un environnement d'information validée et structurée ce qui est le cas de l'information bibliographique. Nous proposons de tester la robustesse de la théorie de Swanson en présentant les méthodes qu'elle a inspirées et qui conduisent toutes aux mêmes conclusions. Nous exposons ensuite, comment à partir de sources d'information biomédicales publiques, nous avons développé un système de découverte de connaissances basé sur la littérature.
Piron, Marie. "Structuration de l'information a plusieurs niveaux et analyse des donnees : developpement methodologique et application aux donnees d'une enquete socio-economique a ouagadougou (burkina faso)." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066770.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Abdallah Nabil. "Analyse et structuration de documents scientifiques pour un accès personnalisé à l'information : vers un système d'information évolué." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO19003.
Повний текст джерелаSerrano, Laurie. "Vers une capitalisation des connaissances orientée utilisateur : extraction et structuration automatiques de l'information issue de sources ouvertes." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2011.
Повний текст джерелаDue to the considerable increase of freely available data (especially on the Web), the discovery of relevant information from textual content is a critical challenge. Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) specialists are particularly concerned by this phenomenon as they try to mine large amounts of heterogeneous information to acquire actionable intelligence. This collection process is still largely done by hand in order to build knowledge sheets summarizing all the knowledge acquired about a specific entity. Given this context, the main goal of this thesis work is to reduce and facilitate the daily work of intelligence analysts. For this sake, our researches revolve around three main axis: knowledge modeling, text mining and knowledge gathering. We explored the literature related to these different domains to develop a global knowledge gathering system. Our first contribution is the building of a domain ontology dedicated to knowledge representation for OSINT purposes and that comprises a specific definition and modeling of the event concept for this domain. Secondly, we have developed and evaluated an event recognition system which is based on two different extraction approaches: the first one is based on hand-crafted rules and the second one on a frequent pattern learning technique. As our third contribution, we proposed a semantic aggregation process as a necessary post-processing step to enhance the quality of the events extracted and to convert extraction results into actionable knowledge. This is achieved by means of multiple similarity measures between events, expressed according a qualitative scale which has been designed following our final users' needs
Gouy, Manolo. "Origine et fonction de l'utilisation de la dégénérescence du code génétique chez Escherichia coli : structuration en banque de données et analyse statistique des séquences nucléotidiques." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10052.
Повний текст джерелаJagueneau, Liliane. "Structuration de l'espace linguistique entre Loire et Gironde : analyse dialectométrique des données phonétiques de l'"Atlas linguistique et ethnographique de l'Ouest"." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20082.
Повний текст джерелаThis study deals with the geolinguistic structuration of phonetic features between loire and gironde, in the "centre-ouest" (vendee, deux-sevres, vienne, charente-maritime, charente, and some surrounding points) - a boundary area between northern and southern languages of france ("oil" and "oc"). It first presents the phonetic description of this area, derived from the maps of the atlas linguistique et ethnographique de l'ouest (b. Horiot-g. Massignon). And then, the space distribution of these phonetic features is analysed: actually they are neither spread about nor ordered according to strict dialect limits. After the automatic analysis of these data, a new structuration of linguistic space is put forward: on the one hand, the space structuration which results from the cluster analysis of the languages (eighty-two points) is quite similar to the geological one, and partly corresponds to historical, cultural or economic areas; but it always differs from administrative divisions. On the other hand, the cluster analysis of phonetic features reveals a new geolinguistic scheme: these phonetic features are distributed in a "nucleus", and then diffuse into an "area of influence". (theory of geolinguistic nuclei) finally, through the multivariate analysis, attention is drawn to the relations between the points themselves, and to the relations between the points and the phonetic modalities
Riosset, Catherine. "Base de données urbaines : méthodologie d'analyse et de structuration de l'information pour une application de gestion et de conception de l'assainissement." Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0096.
Повний текст джерела[Data processing is a indispensable tool which enables municipalities to operate efficient. This report firstly describes French experience with urban data bases used or control and administrative purposes. Concepts of new software (the Geographic Information Systems) are described. They provide municipal technical services with a management and decision the example of the Sewer Service of the Lyon Urban Area (CO. UR. LY. ), the second part of, this report shows how a data processing system can be connected with an urban data base. GE. SI. CA. Allows the management of all the data used for the different technical activities. GE. SI. CA. Can help to plan investments (sewerage projects, hydraulic and qualitative analysis), to plan network renovation (management of physical informations), to pro ram network cleaning (management of silting measures) and in sewerage maintenance (accidental waste or discharge. . . ). The major component of our research is described in the third part of this work. It explains our method to analyse and build the GE. SI. CA. System (Management, and Structuration and Sewerage Projects). Information, definition, modelling and Structuration of the data base are successively analysed in accordance with function specifications and sofware design. Specifications of data management tools and the establishment of updating procedures are given. ]
Tellez, Bruno. "Méthodologie pour une structuration commune des photos aériennes et des plans cadastraux : application a la révision des bases de données urbaines." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0085.
Повний текст джерелаIn the geographic field as well as other domains such as medicine, documentation or finances, information evolves in time and sometimes in space. It is thus essential to be able to integrate new data coming from multiple and various sources (for example, satellite images or surveyed measures for geographical systems, radiographs or results of analyses for medical information systems, etc. . . ). If this diversity of information is beneficial to ensure the timelessness and richness of the data; it implies problems for acquisition, integration and thus of structuring of multi-source data. We propose a methodology which allows the integration of raster and vector data by the construction of a common structure called "structural map". This structural map is built by successive aggregations based on a Delaunay triangulation. By this way, representation space could be fully described. The structuring of the data is hierarchical. The tree structure allows in particular this propagation of topology and preserves the links with the data sources. The developed methodology was applied to the integration of cadastral data in vector format, and colour aerial photograph in raster format in order to allow their comparison for regular updating
Pierret, Jean-Dominique. "Méthodologie et structuration d'un outil de découverte de connaissances basé sur la littérature biomédicale : une application basée sur l'exploitation du MeSH." Toulon, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011704.
Повний текст джерелаThe information available in bibliographic databases is dated and validated by a long process and becomes not very innovative. Usually bibliographic databases are consultated in a boolean way. The result of a request represente is a set of known which do not bring any additional novelty. In 1985 Don Swanson proposed an original method to draw out innovative information from bibliographic databases. His reasoning is based on systematic use of the biomedical literature to draw the latent connections between different well established knowledges. He demonstrated unsuspected potential of bibliographic databases in knowledge discovery. The value of his work did not lie in the nature of the available information but consisted in the methodology he used. This general methodology was mainly applied on validated and structured information that is bibliographic information. We propose to test the robustness of Swanson's theory by setting out the methods inspired by this theory. These methods led to the same conclusions as Don Swanson's ones. Then we explain how we developed a knowledge discovery system based on the literature available from public biomedical information sources
Georgi, Nawras. "Acquisition, structuration et transmission de données de santé issues d'objets connectés pour une solution de télésuivi dans le contexte du maintien à domicile." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S116.
Повний текст джерелаThanks to medical progress and new technologies, life expectancy is growing continuously leading to the emergence of specific needs for elderly. With eighty percent of French willing to keep living at home even with loss of autonomy, offering a remote health monitoring system would allow them to do so in good conditions. In this context, we identified three challenges. The first one concerns health sensors interoperability which is declining because of proprietary protocols largely adopted by manufacturers in their products. To deal with this issue, we propose a middleware that simplifies the communication with the multitude of protocols, proprietary and standard, to improve interoperability with both medical and wellness devices. The second challenge reports to reliability and more particularly to measurement errors due to device handling by the user in absence of clinician. We illustrate this point with a wrist blood pressure monitor and propose a method that guides the user in properly positioning the device thanks to a smartwatch. The last challenge relates to multimodality and more precisely to the measure contextualization. It consists of combining different types of data from a set of sensors in a health monitoring system to ensure that blood pressure is measured in compliance with learned societies recommendations. The experiment we have conducted allows to evaluate the users' acceptability of the proposed solution
Bernot, Gilles. "Une sémantique algébrique pour une spécification differenciée des exceptions et des erreurs : application à l'implémentation et aux primitives de structuration des spécifications formelles." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112262.
Повний текст джерелаJousse, Anne-Laure. "Modèle de structuration des relations lexicales fondé sur le formalisme des fonctions lexicales." Thèse, Paris 7, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4347.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes a model for structuring lexical relations, based on the concept of lexical functions (LFs) proposed in Meaning-Text Theory [Mel’cuk, 1997]. The lexical relations taken into account include semantic derivations and collocations as defined within this theoretical framework, known as Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology [Mel’cuk et al., 1995]. Considering the assumption that lexical relations are neither encoded nor made available in lexical databases in an entirely satisfactory manner, we assume the necessity of designing a new model for structuring them. First of all, we justify the relevance of devising a system of lexical functions rather than a simple classification. Next, we present the four perspectives developped in the system: a semantic perspective, a combinatorial one, another one targetting the parts of speech of the elements involved in a lexical relation, and, finally, a last one emphasizing which element of the relation is focused on. This system covers all LFs, even non-standard ones, for which we have proposed a normalization of the encoding. Our system has already been implemented into the DiCo relational database. We propose three further applications that can be developed from it. First, it can be used to build browsing interfaces for lexical databases such as the DiCo. It can also be directly consulted as a tool to assist lexicographers in encoding lexical relations by means of lexical functions. Finally, it constitutes a reference to compute lexicographic information which will, in future work, be implemented in order to automatically fill in some fields within the entries in lexical databases.
Thèse réalisée en cotutelle avec l'Université Paris Diderot (Paris 7)
Qu, Bingqing. "Inférence de la grammaire structurelle d’une émission TV récurrente à partir du contenu." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S139/document.
Повний текст джерелаTV program structuring raises as a major theme in last decade for the task of high quality indexing. In this thesis, we address the problem of unsupervised TV program structuring from the point of view of grammatical inference, i.e., discovering a common structural model shared by a collection of episodes of a recurrent program. Using grammatical inference makes it possible to rely on only minimal domain knowledge. In particular, we assume no prior knowledge on the structural elements that might be present in a recurrent program and very limited knowledge on the program type, e.g., to name structural elements, apart from the recurrence. With this assumption, we propose an unsupervised framework operating in two stages. The first stage aims at determining the structural elements that are relevant to the structure of a program. We address this issue making use of the property of element repetitiveness in recurrent programs, leveraging temporal density analysis to filter out irrelevant events and determine valid elements. Having discovered structural elements, the second stage is to infer a grammar of the program. We explore two inference techniques based either on multiple sequence alignment or on uniform resampling. A model of the structure is derived from the grammars and used to predict the structure of new episodes. Evaluations are performed on a selection of four different types of recurrent programs. Focusing on structural element determination, we analyze the effect on the number of determined structural elements, fixing the threshold applied on the density function as well as the size of collection of episodes. For structural grammar inference, we discuss the quality of the grammars obtained and show that they accurately reflect the structure of the program. We also demonstrate that the models obtained by grammatical inference can accurately predict the structure of unseen episodes, conducting a quantitative and comparative evaluation of the two methods by segmenting the new episodes into their structural components. Finally, considering the limitations of our work, we discuss a number of open issues in structure discovery and propose three new research directions to address in future work
Nouvel, Damien. "Reconnaissance des entités nommées par exploration de règles d'annotation - Interpréter les marqueurs d'annotation comme instructions de structuration locale." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788630.
Повний текст джерелаLai, Hien Phuong. "Vers un système interactif de structuration des index pour une recherche par le contenu dans des grandes bases d'images." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934842.
Повний текст джерелаOsmont, Béatrice. "Itineraires cognitifs et structuration du lexique. Etudes d'interrogations de banque de donnees." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080666.
Повний текст джерелаThe progress of beginners' searching was analyzed on a data-base in social sciences. The procedure limitations and the human-machine interactions specific to these written productions were examined in the first chapter. To explain the successive configurations of the user's mental lexicon during seeking, a third dimension was added to the usually two-dimensional model of linguistic representation. By introducing this third dimension, a new progressive plane was defined, in which the relationships between lexical terms set as plural, without being mutually exclusive. To each term of the itinerary, was attricuted one or several marks allowing to represent in a dynamic way the knowledge structures, to develop some relationships between the terms to be organized into schemes of action, to build space caracterizing some steps along the itinerary. In order to describe the planification before writting of the mental lexicon, an ad-hoc unit was defined : the "pre-repre sentation", a structured group of links gathering terms together and pointing out a particular configuration of the individual lexicon in process. A pre-representation was caracterized by constriction, expansion, or reformulation operations, and illustrated by a summarizing, figurative representation from selected typical. .
Benadi, Sofiane Abdelkader Prévot Patrick Ramel Jean-Yves. "Structuration des données et des services pour le télé-enseignement." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=benadi.
Повний текст джерелаSantana, Orieta. "Analyse et structuration des données dans les logiciels de CAO en électromagnétisme." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613089w.
Повний текст джерелаLabrousse, Jean-François. "Structuration des donnees d'un projet de batiment dans le cadre d'une construction par composants beton." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENPCA010.
Повний текст джерелаThion, Romuald Flory André Coulondre Stéphane. "Structuration relationnelle des politiques de contrôle d'accès représentation, raisonnement et vérification logiques /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2009. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=thion.
Повний текст джерелаCorus, Mathieu. "Amélioration de méthodes de modification structurale par utilisation de techniques d'expansion et de réduction de modèle." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011298.
Повний текст джерелаLes concepts fondamentaux utilisés dans cette thèse sont ensuite présentés. Les relations de la dynamique des structures pour les problèmes discrets sont rappelées, ainsi que les principes de la synthèse modale, de la sous-structuration dynamique et de la réduction de modèle, tout comme la notion de modes d'interface. Les formulations classiques des méthodes de modification structurale sont ensuite détaillées pour en illustrer les limitations et les restrictions.
Une formulation originale permettant de prendre en compte les incompatibilités entre les mesures et les DDL de l'interface structure/modification et de régulariser la construction d'un modèle de comportement couplé est alors proposée. Cette première contribution de la thèse repose sur l'utilisation des techniques d'expansion de données et de réduction de modèle. Des indicateurs sont également construits pour estimer la cohérence de la prédiction réalisée. Les évolutions sont appliquées au cas d'un démonstrateur numériques et les résultats sont comparés avec les prédictions réalisées par les méthodes classiques. La méthodologie associée à cette nouvelle formulation est alors largement exposée.
L'influence des différents facteurs intervenant dans la construction du modèle couplé et la qualité de la prédiction est ensuite analysée en détail. Cette analyse permet de dresser une liste non exhaustive des précautions à prendre lors de la mise en œuvre de la méthode proposée, depuis la réalisation pratique de l'analyse modale expérimentale jusqu'à l'interprétation des premiers résultats.
Enfin, plusieurs applications sont présentées. Une première structure académique démontre la faisabilité de la méthode. Une deuxième étude, réalisée sur un cas industriel, illustre les gains de temps potentiels en comparant la prédiction avec les résultats d'une étude basée sur un modèle EF recalé de la structure. La troisième étude illustre l'application de la méthode dans un cas type. L'analyse modale de la structure cible permet de comprendre le problème, une modification est conçue, réalisée et mise en place. La prédiction est ensuite comparée aux résultats de l'analyse modale de la structure modifiée. Enfin, la dernière application montre les limites de la méthodologie. L'étude multi-objectifs sur une large bande de fréquences d'une structure industrielle permet de faire une ouverture vers la suite des travaux et montre la nature des difficultés à surmonter.
Gueye, Bassirou. "Services auto-adaptatifs pour les grilles pair-à-pair." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIMS017/document.
Повний текст джерелаResource management management worldwide distributed in several virtual organizations is a key issue.In this thesis, we propose a model for dynamic services management in large-scale peer-to-peer Grid environments.This model named P2P4GS, presents originality not to link peer-to-peer infrastructure to the execution services platform.In addition, the middleware is generic i.e. it able to be applied on any peer-to-peer architecture.Meanwhile, the increasing size of resources and users in large-scale distributed systems has lead to a scalability problem.To ensure scalability, we propose to organize the peer-to-peer Grid nodes in virtual communities so called clusters.The structuring approach is completely distributed, and only requires local knowledge about nodes neighborhood for election of cluster managers called ISP (Information System Proxy).On the other hand, in order orchestrate communications in the various virtual communities and also enable an efficient service discovery,during structuring process, a spanning tree only constituted of ISP is maintained. Therefore, search queries will be routed along the spanning tree.Besides the service discovery, we proposed service deployment, publication and invocation mechanisms.Finally, we implemented and analyzed the performance of P2P4GS.To illustrate that P2P4GS is generic, we implemented protocols that operating in fully different way. These protocols are Gia, Pastry and Kademlia.Performance tests show that, on the one hand, our approach provides good fault tolerance and ensures the scalability in terms of the clusters distribution and communication cost
Sèdes, Florence. "Contribution au developpement des systemes bureautiques integres : gestion de donnees, repertoires, formulaires, documents." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30134.
Повний текст джерелаGomez, Barreto Paola. "Analyse et évaluation de structures orientées document." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM076/document.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, millions of different data sources produce a huge quantity of unstructured and semi-structured data that change constantly. Information systems must manage these data but providing at the same time scalability and performance. As a result, they have had to adapt it to support heterogeneous databases, included NoSQL databases. These databases propose a schema-free with great flexibility but with a no clear separation of the logical and physical layers. Data can be duplicated, split and/or incomplete, and it can also change as the business needs.The flexibility and absence of schema in document-oriented NoSQL systems, such as MongoDB, allows new structuring alternatives to be explored without facing constraints. The choice of the structuring remains important and critical because there are several impacts to consider and it is necessary to choose among many of options of structuring. We therefore propose to return to a design phase in which aspects of quality and the impacts of the structure are considered in order to make a decision in a more informed manner.In this context, we propose SCORUS, a system for the analysis and evaluation of document-oriented structures that aims to facilitate the study of document-oriented semi-structuring possibilities, such as MongoDB, and to provide objective metrics for better highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each solution in relation to the needs of the users. For this, a sequence of three phases can compose a design process. Each phase can also be performed independently for analysis and adjustment purposes. The general strategy of SCORUS is composed by:1. Generation of a set of structuration alternatives: in this phase we propose to start from UML modeling of the data and to automatically produce a large set of possible structuring variants for this data.2. Evaluation of Alternatives Using a Set of Structural Metrics: This evaluation takes a set of structuring variants and calculates the metrics against the modeled data.3. Analysis of the evaluated alternatives: use of the metrics to analyze the interest of the considered alternatives and to choose the most appropriate one(s)
Didier, Marie Duchemin Pierre-Yves. "Indexation, structuration et encodage des fonds iconographiques le fonds Léon Lefebvre de la Bibliothèque municipale de Lille /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/didier.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBenbernou, Salima. "Outils de base pour une approche de programmation fonctionnelle des tâches opératoires : application aux tâches d'assemblage." Valenciennes, 1991. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/27732085-ba53-4b37-94ed-e9e67ed3fb2c.
Повний текст джерелаJagueneau, Liliane. "Structuration de l'espace linguistique entre Loire et Gironde analyse dialectométrique des données phonétiques de l'Atlas linguistique et ethnographique de l'Ouest /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606155c.
Повний текст джерелаGouy, Manolo Emmanuel. "Origine et fonction de l'utilisation de la dégénérescence du code génétique chez Escherichia coli structuration en banque de données et analyse statistique des séquences nucléotidiques /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605748h.
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