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Статті в журналах з теми "Structurally logical model of the mechanism"
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Kvitko, Katerina B. "Structural and logical model of transport cluster." Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies 7, no. 4 (December 21, 2021): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20217476-89.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Transport clustering, being a cooperation of enterprises of the same territory to consolidate resources to improve the quality of transport and logistics services, to improve the quality of infrastructure, to ensure the growth of transport accessibility of the territory, is one of the drivers of economic growth of the territory. Therefore, the question of forming a mechanism for creating a transport cluster (TС) is relevant, the first stage of which is the TLC model.
Aim: creation of a structural and logical model of a transport and logistics cluster, the implementation of which will allow the creation of a TC in any territory with a high transport and transit potential.
Methods: Based on the research, generalization and analysis of the works of domestic and foreign researchers in the field of transport clustering and regulations, laws and strategic documents, the definitions of the concepts of the components of the TLC were clarified, the main and auxiliary participants of the cluster were identified, their functional relationships were identified, the requirements for the infrastructure of the TC were determined, the effect of the activity of the TC for the participants and for the territory on which the cluster is located was revealed.
Results: The result of the study is a structural and logical model of the transport cluster.
Conclusions: The obtained structural and logical model of the transport cluster allows the development of transport clustering in the Russian Federation, since it is a universal tool for creating a TC for any territory with a high transport and transit potential
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Chumachenko, Serhii, Yevhen Morshch, Kostyantin Lysychenko, Andrii Pruskyi, and Roman Shevchenko. "Structural and logical model of the mechanism for regulating technogenic safety in emergency situations of military-technogenic origin." Legal, regulatory and metrological support of information security system in Ukraine, no. 2(38) (July 21, 2021): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2074-9481.2(38).2019.234200.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To ensure stable management of technogenic safety and civil protection in these conditions, it is necessary to develop an information model for managing technogenic security under verious conditions of use of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with the provision of minimal risks and threats of emergencies of military technogenic origin. The information model provides for three components, namely: the first is a model for managing technogenic security safety in the zone of the joint forces operation in a steady state; the second is a model for managing technogenic safety in the area of the joint forces operation in an emergency of natural or technogenic origin; third is a model for managing technogenic security in the area of the joint forces operation in an emergency of military-technogenic origin. The paper shows that the information model of the mechanism of man-made safety regulation during emergencies of military-man-made origin is a set of specific methods, forms, techniques, tools and levers of man-made safety regulation, through the improvement of which, in fact, the man-made safety system is improved. regional level. On the example of solving the practical problem of determining the depth and area of distribution of the primary cloud of highly toxic substances and its impact on military facilities, shows the use of information model to provide the decision maker with necessary and sufficient information to make management decisions to ensure military-man-made security . To assess the effectiveness of mechanisms for state regulation of man-made safety at the regional level, it is proposed to use the method of hierarchy analysis. According to this model, the subject of management (management bodies in the field of technogenic safety) exerts a controlling influence (on the basis of laws, decrees, by-laws, standards, resolutions, orders, programs of ecological direction) on the object of management (social facilities, enterprises, natural objects), which in accordance with the received control impact, changes its state, activity, quantitative and qualitative parameters of the state or impact on the environment.
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Vailunova, Julia, and Galina Yasheva. "A model for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy based on a neocluster approach." University Economic Bulletin, no. 50 (August 31, 2021): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-50-123-128.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Subject of research: model of increasing the competitiveness of the national economy. The purpose of the study: develop a model for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy based on a neocluster approach. Research objectives: to develop the concept of a neocluster; to build a logical scheme for the formation of the competitiveness of the national economy on the basis of a neocluster approach. Methodology and research methods. General scientific and special methods of cognition: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, a systematic approach were used to conduct the research. A neocluster concept has been developed, which includes the concept of a neocluster, distinctive features, and a structural diagram of a neocluster. A model for increasing the competitiveness of the economy of a country / region has been built on the basis of a neocluster approach and a mechanism for increasing the country's competitiveness has been substantiated. The causal relationships between the sources of competitiveness are identified: (elements of Industry 4.0), directions and factors of increasing competitiveness. The developed theoretical foundations of the neocluster and the logical model for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy based on the neocluster approach can serve as a theoretical and methodological basis for the formation of a neocluster policy.
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Illiashenko, Sergii, Yuliia Shypulina, and Nataliia Illiashenko. "Innovation culture as the basis for innovative environment of the enterprise." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence, content, structure and components of the innovation culture of the enterprise, the development of an approach to the diagnosis of its condition. A comparative, systemic-structural and statistical analysis were used to attain it. The author’s model of the innovative culture structure of an industrial enterprise was offered. Problems in understanding of its role by middle and top managers of innovative industrial enterprises were outlined. The methodical approach to multifactorial diagnostics of the state of innovation culture of an industrial enterprise was developed and tested in general, as well as its separate components. The place of innovation culture of the industrial enterprise in the system of mechanisms of innovative environment formation was determined. The structural-logical scheme of the management mechanism of innovative environment formation and introduction at an industrial enterprise based on its innovation culture was developed.
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ROMANIUK, Valentyn, Olena Andriiuk, and Nataliya Volodchenkova. "STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF THE MECHANISM FOR REGULATING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS OF MILITARY-TECHNOGENIC ORIGIN." Geoengineering, no. 3 (December 14, 2020): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219327.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. Violation of the technological mode of operation potentially hazardous objects and high-risk objects, this is caused by joint military operations, it causes a significant increase in the risks of man-made disasters with large-scale negative consequences due to the threat of destruction of such objects.To ensure stable management of natural and man-made safety in these conditions, a structural and logical model of natural and man-made safety management has been developed under different conditions of application of the Armed Forces of Ukraine ensuring minimal risks and threats of emergencies of military-technological origin.Findings. The functioning of the management system for natural and technogenic safety is carried out by the following models:- model of natural and man-made safety management in the area of joint forces operations in a stable mode;- model of natural and man-caused safety management in the area of joint forces operations in the state of emergency of natural or man-made origin;- a model of natural and man-made safety management in the area of joint forces operations in the state of emergency of military-technogenic origin.This regulation should be carried out through specific mechanisms, which include: 1 - legislative and regulatory; 2 - licensed; 3 - economic.Severe disturbance of unstable equilibrium natural and industrial Geosystems, which was formed in the Eastern region, as a result of the accumulation of imbalances in nature management over the years of totalitarianism, with the decline of industrial production due to the armed confrontation, led to the development of catastrophic situations.Practical implications. Rehabilitation of areas at a time when emergencies and disasters have occurred and have been eliminated, should also be carried out by implementing environmental rehabilitation programs of a certain level in accordance with the scale of the latter and projected duration of exposure and their effects on the environment and living conditions of the population.Practical implications. A model of the index-indicator approach has been developed for the further development of a structural and functional model of the mechanism for regulating natural and technogenic safety during emergencies of military and technogenic origin. The model creates the prerequisites for the development of effective procedures for the state management of natural and technogenic safety in emergency situations of military and technogenic origin.
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Papathoti, Narendra Kumar, Dusadee Kiddeejing, Jayasimha Rayulu Daddam, Toan Le Thanh, and Natthiya Buensanteai. "Identification of Protease Inhibition Mechanism by Iturin A against Agriculture Cutworm (Spodoptera litura) by Homology Modeling and Molecular Dynamics." Open Bioinformatics Journal 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875036202013010119.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: Spodoptera litura, otherwise known as cutworm, belongs to the Noctuidae tribe, which is a severe scourge for numerous crop systems and is considered one of Asian tropical agriculture's most important insects. The world's leading environmental threats are plant pests, and the already commercialized pesticides are extremely poisonous and non-biodegradable and maybe additional residues harmful to the ecosystem. The increased resistance in pests often demands the need for advanced, active pesticides that are environmentally friendly and biodegradable. Methods: In the current work, the significance of proteases for the Spodoptera litura digestive system has been determined by the use of microbial metabolite protease inhibitor (Iturin A) in silico models. In the present study, we developed a model based on sequence structural alignment of known crystal structure 2D1I protease from Homo sapiens. The model's reliability evaluation was performed using programs such as PROCHECK, WHAT IF, PROSA, Validate 3D, ERRAT, etc. Results: In an attempt to find new inhibitors for Protease docking, the study was carried out with Iturin A. PMDB ID for the produced protease model was submitted to identify new inhibitors for Protease docking, and its accession number is PM0082285. The detailed study of enzyme-inhibitor interactions identified similar core residues; GLU215, LEU216, LYS217, and GLU237 have demonstrated their role in the binding efficacy of ligands. Conclusion: The latest homology modeling and docking experiments on the protease model will provide useful insight knowledge for the logical approach of constructing a wide spectrum of novel insecticide against Spodoptera.
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Dawoud, Asem Djamal. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MANAGEMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED BUSINESS STRUCTURES." Management 33, no. 1 (August 27, 2021): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2415-3206.2021.1.13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. In modern economic conditions the formation of financial and economic factors to enhance the development of integrated business structures cannot take place without the active use of mathematical modeling methods. One of the main directions of improving the financial and economic mechanism is the use of these methods as an effective modern tool for strategic management of the development of integrated business structures.METHODS.The methodology of scientific research are general scientific and special research methods: All scientific research carried out within the framework of established integrated business structures, use general scientific methods, such as the method of scientific abstraction, the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of unity of historical and logical, positive and normative methods, as well as specific research methods. To the specific methods of research can be attributed modeling, which is presented in the study as the basis for effective management of the development of integrated business structures.FINDINGS. The hypothesis of the scientific study is to model the process of development of integrated business structures as a given condition for managing the available combined potential. The aim of the study is to substantiate theoretically the use of mathematical modeling in the management of the development of integrated business structures.CONCLUSION. It was determined that in modern conditions, under the specifics of the formation and development of integrated management structures, which includes many structural units, to improve the management mechanism can be achieved by using as an effective tool of computer technology, allowing a flexible and responsive to changing economic conditions.
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Maslii, Natalia, Maryna Demianchuk, and Yulia Zhadanova. "The mechanism for ensuring the system of balanced consumption and production." Scientific Horizons 23, no. 9 (September 23, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.23(9).2020.57-67.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article reflects the results of integrated study about providing balanced consumption and production. It is established that to achieve sustainable economic development one of the most promising areas is to develop a mechanism for balanced consumption and production, which is based on the resource approach and the model of intersectoral balance and is an extremely complex task that requires a systematic approach and generalization of economic, social, human and environmental development in the long run, has general scientific and methodological significance and requires further research. The paper reflects the structural and logical scheme of the studying process the terminology of the balanced consumption and production in Ukraine, which takes into account globalization, information and digital transformations. The article analyzes endowment of the natural resources in the world and proves the expediency of developing a mechanism for ensuring balanced consumption and production in Ukraine. The main goals and objectives for ensuring the transition to models of balanced consumption and production in accordance with the regulatory and legal support of Ukraine. A comparative analysis of balanced consumption and production models was carried out, grouping the said models according to main characteristics. A mechanism has been developed to ensure a system of balanced consumption and production, the main principle of which is the integration of environmental, economic and social aspects of the use of natural resources, which is one of the provisions of the basic organisation of "green economy". It is substantiated that the main purpose of the mechanism developed in this study is to improve the system of natural resources management in the national economy by determining the level of balance between consumption and production by assessing economic, environmental and social indicators followed by the development of supportive or transformational policies.
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Stupnyk, Y. V., A. O. Gromovy, and V. V. Petryk. "To the issue of improving the mechanism of drug criminality counteraction." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 64 (August 14, 2021): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.64.54.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article deals with the problematic issues of improving the functioning of the mechanism of combating drug crime and on this basis formulated recommendations aimed at improving the legal basis and practice of crimino-logical impact on drug crime. It is concluded that the search for directions of rationalization of the mechanism of combating drug crime can and should be conducted by revealing the degree of influence of the whole management mechanism, its individual elements on the objects of criminological influence in the sphere of combating drug crime, in particular, on the state of law, ensuring public safety, combating crime. The first direction of improvement of the mechanism of combating drug crime is the necessity of a scientifically grounded approach in determining the objective activity for combating drug crime on the basis of objective social needs. The formation of the subject competence of the subjects of combating drug crime must be laid down in three important conditions: first, the prin-ciple of separation of powers, according to which law enforcement agencies are assigned to the executive branch of power; secondly, the protection of only the part of the public relations which the offender encroaches upon by committing a criminal offense can be attributed to the substantive activity of law enforcement agencies; third, law enforcement agencies may be subject only to those relationships that objectively require coercive measures. Another important direction of improving the mechanism of combating drug crime is to bring the crime management system in line with the requirements of scientifically sound principles. These are the principles of balance of rights and re-sponsibilities, personal responsibility of the official for the actions or decisions taken, differentiation of competences of different bodies, divisions and officials, fixing them in the normative legal acts, conformity of the position, deter-mining the main executive level, proportional application coercive measures, etc. It is emphasized that the structural and organizational improvement of the mechanism of combating drug crime necessitates the need to determine the structure - the leader of state policy in this field, as well as the subjects of direct counteraction to drug crime. In view of these circumstances, it is important to create an organizational model of the mechanism for combating drug crime, which would include, first, the enhancement of the status of coordination bodies under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; secondly, the organizational units in the structure of the executive power of the regional level, which would provide at this level the organization of anti-narcotic activities, especially outside the sphere of law enforcement agencies; third, coordination units providing structurally (by directions): operational-search activities, external intelligence, pre-trial investigation, administrative activities in the field of control over legal drug traffick-ing, providing a single information base on drug trafficking and combating drug crime, other areas counteraction, due to the nature of the complex operational environment.
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Lei, Jiasu, Ying Liu, Yaoyuan Qi, and Qingzhi Zhang. "40 Years of Technological Innovation in China: A Review of the Four-Stage Climbing Track." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 04, no. 03 (August 7, 2019): 1950008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862219500088.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper combs the landscapes of China’s technological innovation practice during the 40 years of reform and opening up, and describes it as “Four-Stage Climbing” that is, “Learning–Introducing–Supplying Stage” (LIS Stage), “Introducing–Imitating–Improving Stage” (III Stage), “Integrating–Boosting–Creating Stage” (IBC Stage), and the “Innovating–Iterating–Promoting Stage” (IIP Stage). It also explains the background of each stage and its specific innovation model. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the main features, basic experiences and main lessons of China’s technological innovation practice during the past 40 years. This paper demonstrates that with the deepening of innovation-driven development, especially in the field of “Innovation Leads Development” which is valued by the country and industry, at this stage, it is urgent to pay closer attention to the following issues: first of all, the possible changes in mechanisms of international innovation competition and cooperation under the background of potential reconstruction for international governance; secondly, the occurrence and realization mechanism of Leading Scientific and Technological Innovation in the era of science and technology, as well as the structural and institutional mechanisms of the national innovation ecosystem, and also the ecological niche in which the future scientific innovation subject and technological innovation subject should be in the national innovation ecosystem; furthermore, the mechanism of innovation and development for “science-based industries”; last but not the least, the logical construction of innovation and development research under the Chinese context.
Книги з теми "Structurally logical model of the mechanism"
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Sotnyk, M. Power supply for educational institutions: efficiency and alternatives. Accent Graphics Communications & Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29013/msotnyk.pseiea.2020.146.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Proposed methodological approaches to modeling short-term forecasting and long-term planning of electrical consumption in educational institutions based on retrospective data. A logic-structural model and software of the circuit “object of monitoring of electric consumption — factors of influence — regulatory tools” of an automated system for controlling the efficiency of energy consumption in educational institutions have been developed. There are given practical recommendations of feasibility study of introduction of alternative power supply sources in educational institutions, in particular: solar generation, heat pumps, autonomous energy sources, etc. Proposed scientific and methodological approaches to the introduction of an organizational and economic mechanism for managing the development of renewable energy in educational institutions and a motivation system for employees of the energy management service. The monograph is a generalization of scientific research conducted by employees of Sumy State University during the state budget research work “Model of an efficiency management and forecasting system for the consumption of electric energy” (State Registration No. 0118U003583). The monograph is intended for researchers and specialists in the implementation of energy management systems
Частини книг з теми "Structurally logical model of the mechanism"
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Lee, P. J. "Evaluation Models." In Statistical Methods for Estimating Petroleum Resources, edited by Jo Anne DeGraffenreid. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195331905.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The initial step in the evaluation of any petroleum resource is the identification of an appropriate geological population that can be delineated through subsurface study or basin analysis. A geological population represents a natural population and possesses a group of pools and/or prospects sharing common petroleum habitats. A natural population can be a single sedimentation model, structural style, type of trapping mechanism or geometry, tectonic cycle, stratigraphic sequence, or any combination of these criteria. Reasons for adopting these criteria in the definition of a geological model are the following: • The geological population will be defined clearly and its associated resource can readily be estimated. • Geologists can adopt known play data for future comparative geological studies. • Geological variables of a natural population can be described by probability distributions (e.g., the lognormal distribution). Statistical concepts such as the superpopulation concept can be applied to geological models so that, for specific plays, an estimate of undiscovered pool sizes can be made. Figure 2.1 illustrates various sedimentary environments (tidal flat, lagoon, beach, and patch reef) that can be used as geological models in resource evaluation. Each of these models has its own distinguishing characteristics of source, reservoir, trapping mechanism, burial and thermal history of source beds, and migration pathway. In resource evaluation, to ensure the integrity of statistical analysis, each of these should be treated as a separate, natural population. Therefore, the logical steps in describing a play are (1) identify a single sedimentation model and (2) examine subsequent geological processes. Geological processes such as faulting, erosion, folding, diagenesis, biodegradation, thermal history of source rocks, and migration history might provide a basis for further subdivisions of the model. In some cases, two or more populations might be considered mistakenly as a single population because of a lack of understanding of the subsurface geology. If the resulting mixed population were to have two or more modes in its distribution, this could have an impact on resource evaluation results.
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Sun, Xinbo. "Design of Crowd Creative Collaborative Education Model Based on PBL." In Global Perspectives on Fostering Problem-Based Learning in Chinese Universities, 32–54. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9961-6.ch002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global information technology revolution puts forward the following requirements for higher education: education mode transforms from experience education to overall education; education mechanism transforms from traditional management to comprehensive governance; the educational goal transfers from the traditional knowledge to the ability training. In such a macro educational background, the structural contradictions in China's higher education have triggered the supply-side reform of education. The implementation of this reform to Northeastern University requires us to vigorously promote the excellent education action plan in view of the current teaching reality and local difficulties in Northeastern University to change the logic of unilateral teaching into the logic of co-creating education. Based on comprehensive learning of PBL education paradigm, the author of this chapter, based on his own teaching practice and reflection of educational philosophy, puts forward the collaborative education mode of crowd innovation and gives the basic framework of this model. On this basis, specific cases and suggestions are given.
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Sun, Xinbo. "Design of Crowd Creative Collaborative Education Model Based on PBL." In Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs, 398–414. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3438-0.ch019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global information technology revolution puts forward the following requirements for higher education: education mode transforms from experience education to overall education; education mechanism transforms from traditional management to comprehensive governance; the educational goal transfers from the traditional knowledge to the ability training. In such a macro educational background, the structural contradictions in China's higher education have triggered the supply-side reform of education. The implementation of this reform to Northeastern University requires us to vigorously promote the excellent education action plan in view of the current teaching reality and local difficulties in Northeastern University to change the logic of unilateral teaching into the logic of co-creating education. Based on comprehensive learning of PBL education paradigm, the author of this chapter, based on his own teaching practice and reflection of educational philosophy, puts forward the collaborative education mode of crowd innovation and gives the basic framework of this model. On this basis, specific cases and suggestions are given.
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Honchar, Liliia, and Olha Aukhimik. "FORMATION OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM AT THE ENTERPRISES OF HOTEL AND RESTAURANT BUSINESS: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT." In European vector of development of the modern scientific researches. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-077-3-31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern market conditions dictate the new rules of operation for enterprises and require improvement of the enterprise management process. That is why it is important to organize a controlling system at the enterprise to optimize and improve the efficiency of microeconomics management in the hotel and restaurant business. Awareness of the relevance led to the definition of the subject of research, which are scientific and applied principles and approaches, methods and tools of the controlling system in the hotel and restaurant business. The purpose of the paper is a comprehensive analysis and systematic generalization of theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of the controlling system in the hotel and restaurant business. To solve certain tasks, a system of general scientific and special methods was used: historical and logical, comparative, logical generalization, analysis and synthesis, graphic, etc. A comprehensive approach to analysing and summarizing the definitions of the category of «controlling» allows to interpret controlling in the hotel and restaurant business; that is, controlling as a management system of one or more processes of the enterprise, is aimed at achieving and maintaining strategic goals and includes information support, evaluation, coordination, optimization and control of the activities of all functional and management units for the implementation of the strategic plan. In addition, the classification of types of controlling in terms of different approaches, which expands and deepens the study of the economic essence and content of the scientific category. The main prerequisite for achieving effective functioning of the hospitality industry is a successfully organized process of controlling the company, which includes taking into account the external and internal environment, which are constantly changing under the influence of uncontrolled factors and create new conditions for the enterprise; taking into account the peculiarities of business processes in the hotel and restaurant business, which will allow the most effective management activities at the enterprise, taking into account all the individual nuances of the enterprise; providing management with relevant information that allows you to respond in a timely manner to unexpected changes in the enterprise; regulating the results of activities that optimize the management decision-making process, by analysing the potential impact of deviations on the probability of achieving the goal. Based on the analysis and generalization of information, a structural model of the controlling system in the hotel and restaurant business was designed and substantiated, which comprehensively takes into account the peculiarities of the enterprise, without which the hotel and restaurant complex as a single integrated mechanism is impossible. The methodological tools of the controlling system are substantiated, a comprehensive combination of which will systematically cover the key activities of enterprises in the hotel and restaurant business and, as a consequence, provide a stable long-term competitive advantage in the changing and unstable business environment.
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Bittencourt, Guilherme, and Jerusa Marchi. "An Embodied Logical Model for Cognition in Artificial Cognition Systems." In Artificial Cognition Systems, 27–63. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-111-7.ch002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper we describe a cognitive model based on the Systemic approach and on the Autopoiesis theory. The syntactical definition of the model consists of logical propositions but the semantic definition includes, besides the usual truth value assignments, what we call emotional flavors, which correspond to the state of the agent’s body translated into cognitive terms. The combination between logical propositions and emotional flavors allows the agent to learn and memorize relevant propositions that can be used for reasoning. These propositions are represented in a specific format – prime implicants/implicates – which is enriched with annotations that explicitly store the internal relations among their literals. Based on this representation, a memory mechanism is described and algorithms are presented that learn a proposition from the agent’s experiences in the environment and that are able to determine the degree of robustness of the propositions, given a partial assignment representing the environment state.
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Flores, Fernando Zacarías, Dionicio Zacarías Flores, Rosalba Cuapa Canto, and Luis Miguel Guzmán Muñoz. "A Roadmap on Updates." In Database Technologies, 2261–67. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-058-5.ch137.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Updates, is a central issue in relational databases and knowledge databases. In the last years, it has been well studied in the non-monotonic reasoning paradigm. Several semantics for logic program updates have been proposed (Brewka, Dix, & Knonolige 1997), (De Schreye, Hermenegildo, & Pereira, 1999) (Katsumo & Mendelzon, 1991). However, recently a set of proposals has been characterized to propose mechanisms of updates based on logic and logic programming. All these mechanisms are built on semantics based on structural properties (Eiter, Fink, Sabattini & Thompits, 2000) (Leite, 2002) (Banti, Alferes & Brogi, 2003) (Zacarias, 2005). Furthermore, all these semantic ones coincide in considering the AGM proposal as the standard model in the update theory, for their wealth in properties. The AGM approach, introduced in (Alchourron, Gardenfors & Makinson, 1985) is the dominating paradigm in the area, but in the context of monotonic logic. All these proposals analyze and reinterpret the AGM postulates under the Answer Set Programming (ASP) such as (Eiter, Fink, Sabattini & Thompits, 2000). However, the majority of the adapted AGM and update postulates are violated by update programs, as shown in(De Schreye, Hermenegildo, & Pereira, 1999).
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Maleewong, Krissada, Chutiporn Anutariya, and Vilas Wuwongse. "Enabling Intelligence in Web-Based Collaborative Knowledge Management System." In Mobile and Web Innovations in Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering, 63–82. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2470-2.ch004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents an approach to enhance various intelligent services of a Web-based collaborative knowledge management system. The proposed approach applies the two widely-used argumentation technologies, namely IBIS and Toulmin’s argumentation schemes, to structurally capture the deliberation and collaboration occurred during the consensual knowledge creation process. It employs RDF and OWL as its underlying knowledge representation language with well-defined semantics and reasoning mechanisms. Users can easily create knowledge using a simple corresponding graphical notation with machine-processable semantics. Derivation of implicit knowledge, similar concept discovery, as well as semantic search, are also enabled. In addition, the proposed approach incorporates the term suggestion function for assisting users in the knowledge creation process by computing the relevance score for each relevant term, and presenting the most relevant terms to users for possible term reusing or equivalence concepts mapping. To ensure the knowledge consistency, a logical mechanism for validating conflicting arguments and contradicting concepts is also developed. Founded on the proposed approach, a Web-based system, namely ciSAM, is implemented and available for public usage.
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Dai, Tao, Qinkun Chen, Liqin Xie, and Hongpu Hu. "An Innovative Application of Big Data in Healthcare: Driving Factors, Operation Mechanism and Development Model." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia200645.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper aims to build a conceptual framework for the innovative application in big data in healthcare. Method: Diamond Model and PEST Model were used to analyze the key driving factors of big data in healthcare through external and endogenous driving factors. Based on this, the operation mechanism and possible development model of big data in healthcare were analyzed by using the diffusion theory of policy innovation. Results: The key factors of innovation and application of big data in healthcare are divided into external and endogenous driving factors. The driving mechanism is defined as “learning, compulsion, competition, imitation and inducement”. The conceivable development model is based on big data value innovation and the motivation of different stakeholders. Conclusion: Through the logical analysis of value innovation, the internal relationship among the relevant factors, driving forces and interaction of big data in healthcare application is established, and finally a theoretical analysis framework for innovative application of big data in healthcare is presented.
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Martínez-Barrera, Gonzalo, Osman Gencel, Ahmet Beycioglu, Serkan Subaşı, and Nelly González-Rivas. "Artificial Intelligence Methods and Their Applications in Civil Engineering." In Fuzzy Systems, 1453–77. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1908-9.ch059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Simulation of material properties generally involves the development of a mathematical model derived from experimental data. In structural mechanics and construction materials contexts, recent experiments have reported that fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic algorithm (GA), and fuzzy genetic (FG) may offer a promising alternative. They are known as artificial intelligence (AI). In civil engineering, AI methods have been extensively used in the fields of civil engineering applications such as construction management, building materials, hydraulic, optimization, geotechnical and transportation engineering. Many studies have examined the applicability of AI methods to estimate concrete properties. This chapter described the principles of FL methods that can be taught to engineering students through MATLAB graphical user interface carried out in a postgraduate course on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, discussed the application of Mamdani type in concrete technology and highlighted key studies related to the usability of FL in concrete technology.
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Martínez-Barrera, Gonzalo, Osman Gencel, Ahmet Beycioglu, Serkan Subaşı, and Nelly González-Rivas. "Artificial Intelligence Methods and Their Applications in Civil Engineering." In Handbook of Research on Recent Developments in Materials Science and Corrosion Engineering Education, 166–89. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8183-5.ch009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Simulation of material properties generally involves the development of a mathematical model derived from experimental data. In structural mechanics and construction materials contexts, recent experiments have reported that fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic algorithm (GA), and fuzzy genetic (FG) may offer a promising alternative. They are known as artificial intelligence (AI). In civil engineering, AI methods have been extensively used in the fields of civil engineering applications such as construction management, building materials, hydraulic, optimization, geotechnical and transportation engineering. Many studies have examined the applicability of AI methods to estimate concrete properties. This chapter described the principles of FL methods that can be taught to engineering students through MATLAB graphical user interface carried out in a postgraduate course on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, discussed the application of Mamdani type in concrete technology and highlighted key studies related to the usability of FL in concrete technology.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Structurally logical model of the mechanism"
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Nguyen, Phuong Minh, Khoat Than, and Minh Le Nguyen. "Marking Mechanism in Sequence-to-sequence Model for Mapping Language to Logical Form." In 2019 11th International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kse.2019.8919471.
Повний текст джерела
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Jiang, Jing, Zong-Quan Deng, Hong-Hao Yue, Lei Wang, and Horn-Sen Tzou. "Research on Constitutive Model of Hybrid Photovoltaic/Piezoelectric Actuation Mechanism." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37199.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Opto-mechanical actuators do not require hard-wired connections to control light source. Accordingly, the control commands will not be influenced by undesirable electric noises. Without accessorial devices and connecting wires, photonic control which conforms to the lightweight trend of space structure has great research value. PLZT photostrictive actuator can only induce actuation strain along its polarized direction, so it has the deficiency of one-way actuation. In this paper, the novel hybrid photovoltaic/piezoelectric actuation mechanism is proposed to remedy this deficiency. The ultraviolet light-driven PLZT induced voltages are used to drive piezoelectric actuator. Based on the equivalent electrical model, constitutive model is established to define the time history of actuation strain of piezoelectric actuator driven by photovoltage. Experimental platform is established to verify this established constitutive model. A logical switch is designed to realize positive and negative connection switch between PLZT photovoltaic generator and piezoelectric actuator. It is experimentally validated that the piezoelectric actuator can induce both positive and negative control forces.
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Chalgham, Wadie, Mihai Diaconeasa, Keo-Yuan Wu, and Ali Mosleh. "A Dynamic Pipeline Network Health Assessment Software Platform for Optimal Risk-Based Prioritization of Inspection, Structural Health Monitoring, and Proactive Management." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11806.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The Pipeline Health Monitoring and Management web application is a risk-based pipeline integrity management support tool to support pipeline operators in decision-making and planning activities. The platform design is supported by a multi-disciplinary science and engineering approach for a comprehensive, state-of-the-art solution. The goal of the software platform is to integrate the data, methods, and technologies into a dynamic pipeline heath monitoring system supported by multiple probabilistic predictive models such as dynamic hybrid causal logic, corrosion prognosis, and sensor placement optimization models. This total system health management support tool provides online or offline updates on the reliability state of various segments of the pipeline system, and dynamically updates the recommendations on when and where to take mitigating actions, e.g., increase or decrease inspection frequency. The pipeline health monitoring system software platform under development provides the ability for (a) Integrity assessment based on comprehensive range of evidence from sensing, inspection, and real-time monitoring in addition to probabilistic integration of mechanistic models and data on failure mechanisms relating to various causal factors (e.g., uniform corrosion, pitting corrosion, etc.) for assessment of the pipe segment health (remaining life); (b) Dynamic pipeline network probabilistic health assessment model software for optimal risk-based prioritization of inspection and proactive management, and (c) Geographical mapping capabilities that will augment the interaction of the pipeline operators with the pipeline system such as viewing pipeline/sensor locations, and adding new pipelines if desired. The selected computational foundation for the assessment is the hybrid causal logic engine with a wide range of capabilities in terms of system model building and probabilistic analysis of various types of evidence for assessment of model parameters. On this foundation we are adding capabilities to integrate predictive corrosion models, sensor placement optimization, and computational modules to perform pipeline health assessment, and develop inspection and maintenance strategies. The resulting software will be deployed as a control room health dashboard and hand-held web-based field inspection support tool.
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Maubert, Bastien, Munyque Mittelmann, Aniello Murano, and Laurent Perrussel. "Strategic Reasoning in Automated Mechanism Design." In 18th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2021}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2021/46.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mechanism Design aims at defining mechanisms that satisfy a predefined set of properties, and Auction Mechanisms are of foremost importance. Core properties of mechanisms, such as strategy-proofness or budget-balance, involve: (i) complex strategic concepts such as Nash equilibria, (ii) quantitative aspects such as utilities, and often (iii) imperfect information,with agents’ private valuations. We demonstrate that Strategy Logic provides a formal framework fit to model mechanisms, express such properties, and verify them. To do so, we consider a quantitative and epistemic variant of Strategy Logic. We first show how to express the implementation of social choice functions. Second, we show how fundamental mechanism properties can be expressed as logical formulas,and thus evaluated by model checking. Finally, we prove that model checking for this particular variant of Strategy Logic can be done in polynomial space.
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Mitchell, Mary J. "The Use of Application Model Validation in Testing a Proposed Standard." In ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/edm1992-0140.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract From an information system development perspective, logical data modeling techniques have traditionally served in two roles. The first role is as a method of describing the information requirements of an application system. The second role is as a mechanism for integrating the requirements from a number of applications into a single logical and consistent schema so that data can be shared by multiple applications. The Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) project is developing an international standard1 which uses data modeling as the basis for a multi-national and multi-enterprise integration effort. STEP is designed to provide a complete, unambiguous, computer-readable definition of the characteristics of a product throughout its life cycle. STEP product definition specifications are implementation independent, though implementation interface techniques provide the communication mechanisms for applications using file exchanges2 or shared databases. Because of the diversity of applications that are within the scope of STEP, the integration generally causes extensive changes but the changes are justified if all of the information requirements are supported.
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Du, Xuehong, Mitchell M. Tseng, and Jianxin Jiao. "Graph Grammar Based Product Variety Modeling." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dfm-14041.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper discusses the issue of product variety modeling, i.e. the means to organize the data of a family of products according to the underpinning logic among them. The targeted product families are characterized by providing user-selectable product features and feature values and achieving variety by combining parameterized functional or physical modules. A graph grammar based (GGB) model is proposed for the purpose of enhancing the comprehensiveness and manipulability of the data of product families for different functional departments in a company in order to facilitate effective order processing as well as direct customer-manufacturer interaction. To deal with variety effectively, both structural and non-structural family data are represented as family graphs whereas order-specific products are represented as variant graphs derived by applying predefined graph rewrite rules to the family graphs. The most important characteristics of the GGB model are three folds. While emphasizing the distinctiveness of the information that different users are concerned about, it provides cross view data transferring mechanisms. It also supports data manipulation for variety generation. Finally, taking advantage of the graph grammar based language of PROGRES, GGB is a model to be easily implemented as a visualized computer system. The specification of an office chair product family illustrates the principles and construction process of GGB models.
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Gottlieb, O., S. R. Chipkin, L. Ioffe, and Y. Chait. "Self-Excited Oscillations in a System Model of the Human Thyroid." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thyroid, the largest gland in the endocrine system, secretes hormones that regulate homeostatic functions within the body and promote normal growth and development. Recently, a detailed computational model of the thyroid gland has been derived and used to explain clinical observations regarding the thyroid gland’s ability to maintain its hormonal secretion target in the face of uncertain dietary iodine intake levels. In this paper we probe deeper into the thyroid’s nonlinear dynamics. We first reduce the original model to an eight-order dynamical system, analytically determine that a Hopf mechanism governs the loss of stability of thyroid equilibrium, culminating with numerically obtained periodic limit-cycle behavior beyond the critical threshold. We numerically investigate the orbital stability of periodic thyroid dynamics via its harmonic perturbation and construct a bifurcation structure that includes both periodic and subharmonic mode-locked solutions embedded within a set of quasiperiodic tori. An increase of the perturbation parameter reveals a similar and structurally stable bifurcation structure. Thus, the analysis of our nonlinear thyroid model shows that the gland can exhibit both a stable equilibrium and periodic limit-cycle behavior which can lose its orbital stability due to small harmonic perturbations.
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Zanaty, Mohamed, Hubert Schneegans, Ilan Vardi, and Simon Henein. "Programmable Logic Gates Based on Tunable Multistable Mechanisms." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97647.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Binary logic operations are the building blocks of computing machines. In this paper, we present a new programmable binary logic gate based on programmable multistable mechanisms (PMM), which are multistable structures whose stability behavior depends on modifiable boundary conditions as defined and analyzed in our previous work. The logical state of a PMM is defined by its stability and logical operations are implemented by modifying the stability behavior of the mechanism. Our programmable logic device has two qualitatively different sets of inputs. The first set determines the logic function to be computed. The second set represents the logical inputs. The output is a single logical value, “true” if the mechanism changes state and “false” otherwise. In this way, we are able to mechanically implement a set of binary logical operations. This implementation is validated using an analytical model characterizing the qualitative stability behavior of the mechanism. This was further verified using finite element analysis and experimental demonstration.
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Roman, Gustavo A., and Gloria J. Wiens. "MEMS Optical Force Sensor Enhancement Via Compliant Mechanism." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although there are capacitive surface micromachined force sensors with adequate resolution for cell manipulation and microneedle injections, it comes with the sacrifice of dynamic range and linearity. In contrast, optical based force sensors can provide the desired resolution and maintain relatively large sensing ranges compared to similar capacitive sensors. Plus, optical interferometry provides a sensing method that uncouples the conflicting design parameters, such as sensitivity and linearity. The current drawback to optical interferometry is the large off-chip equipment that is currently used in the operation of optical sensors. However, innovative techniques are being applied to surface micromachined microphones that allow off-chip components to be integrated onto the sensing chip. These same techniques can easily translate to the force sensor presented in this research, due to the similarities in the sensing methods. The thrust of this work is to explore a mechanism approach for enhancing the performance of a surface micromachined optical force sensor. A new design is presented which introduces a special mechanism, known as the Robert’s mechanism, as an alternate means in which the device is structurally supported. The new design’s implementation is achievable using an equivalent compliant mechanism. Initially, an analytical set of pseudo-rigid-body-model equations were developed to model the compliant design. A more accurate model was then constructed using FEA methods. The geometric parameters of the compliant Robert’s mechanism were then optimized to obtain a sensor with improved linearity and sensitivity. Overall, the force sensor provides higher sensitivity, larger dynamic range and higher linearity compared to a similar optical force sensor that uses a simple structural supporting scheme. In summary, this paper demonstrates the effectiveness of using a mechanism approach for enhancing the performance of MEMS sensors. The expected impact is to improve biomedical experiments and help further advance research that can improve quality of life.
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Humphrey, J. D. "Constrained Mixture Models of Arterial Homeostasis and Adaptation." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phenomenological models of the mechanical behavior of the arterial wall continue to play important roles in vascular mechanics. Indeed, such models revealed the importance of residual stresses in homogenizing the transmural distribution of stress in normalcy [1], which in turn led to one of the most important hypotheses in vascular mechanobiology — the existence of a mechanical homeostasis [2]. Nevertheless, classical models are not able to exploit the growing information on the different mechanical properties and rates and extents of turnover of different structurally significant constituents within the arterial wall. To address this need, we have proposed a structurally-motivated, materially nonuniform model of the arterial wall based on a theory of constrained mixtures [cf. 3]. Key features of this model include the ability to prescribe individual stored energy functions for different structurally significant constituents that are constrained to move together within the overall wall while being allowed to possess individual evolving natural (stress-free) configurations, and the ability to prescribe separate stress-mediated constitutive relations for constituent production and removal. We have shown that this constrained mixture approach can capture many salient features of arterial adaptations (e.g., evolving changes in geometry, overall material behavior, and collagen to elastin ratios) to both altered mechanical loading (e.g., altered blood flow and pressure as well as axial stretch) and disease progression (e.g., enlargement of intracranial aneurysms and the development and resolution of cerebral vasospasm). We submit that, in contrast to models built on the assumption of kinematic growth, this constrained mixture approach can incorporate increasingly detailed biological information on cell and matrix turnover and can thereby begin to generate and test novel hypotheses on mechanisms of arterial homeostasis and adaptation. We will show, for example, that the constrained mixture model suggests a possible mechanism for the origin of residual stresses and axial prestretches, the importance of cellular deposition of new extracellular matrix proteins within stressed states, the complementary roles of vasoactivity and matrix remodeling, and stress mediation of matrix turnover [4,5]. We note, in particular, the importance of residual stress and axial prestress in establishing arterial homeostasis and thus targets for subsequent adaptations [5,6].
Звіти організацій з теми "Structurally logical model of the mechanism"
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Ruff, Grigory, and Tatyana Sidorina. THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF ENGINEERING CREATIVITY IN STUDENTS OF MILITARY INSTITUTIONS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/model_of_engineering_creativity.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The troops of the national guard of the Russian Federation are equipped with modern models of weapons, special equipment, Informatization tools, engineering weapons that have artificial intelligence in their composition are being developed, " etc., which causes an increase in the requirements for the quality of professional training of future officers. The increasing complexity of military professional activities, the avalanche-like increase in information, the need to develop the ability to quickly and accurately make and implement well-known and own engineering solutions in an unpredictable military environment demonstrates that the most important tasks of modern higher education are not only providing graduates with a system of fundamental and special knowledge and skills, but also developing their professional independence, and this led to the concept of engineering and creative potential in the list of professionally important qualities of an officer. To expedite a special mechanism system compact intense clarity through cognitive visualization of the educational material, thickening of educational knowledge through encoding, consolidation and structuring Principle of cognitive visualization stems from the psychological laws in accordance with which the efficiency of absorption is increased if visibility in training does not only illustrative, but also cognitive function, which leads to active inclusion, along with the left and right hemispheres of the student in the process of assimilation of information, based on the use of logical and semantic modeling, which contributes to the development of engineering and creative potential.
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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Role of Phosphorylation in Fungal Spore Germination. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568761.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spore germination is a common and fundamental event in fungal development and in many instances an essential phase of fungal infection and dissemination. Spore germination is also critical for hyperparasites to function as biocontrol agents as well as in fermentation proceses. Our common objective is to understand the mechanisms which regulated spore germination and identify factors involved in pathogenicity related prepenetration development. Our approach is to exploit the overall similarity among filamentous fungi using both a plant pathogen (Colletotricum trifolii) and a model system that is genetically sophisticated (Neurospora crassa). The simulataneous use of two organisms has the advantage of the available tools in Neurospora to rapidly advance the functional analysis of genes involved in spore germination and development of an economically important fungal phytopathogen. Towards this we have isolated a protein kinase gene from C. trifolii (TB3) that is maximally expressed during the first hour of conidial germination and prior to any visible gene tube formation. Based on sequence similarities with other organisms, this gene is likely to be involved in the proliferative response in the fungus. In addition, TB3 was able to functionally complement a N. crassa mutant (COT-1). Pharmacological studies indicated the importance of calmodulin in both germination and appressorium differentiation. Using an antisense vector from N. crassa, direct inhibition of calmodulin results in prevention of differentiation as well as pathogenicity. Both cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) like genes have been cloned from C. trifolii. Biochemical inhibition of PKA prevents germination; biochemical inhibitors of PKC prevents appressorium differentiation. In order to analyze reversible phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism, some ser.thr dephosphorylative events have also been analyzed. Type 2A and Type 2B (calcineurin) phosphatases have been identified and structurally and functionally analyzed in N. crassa during this project. Both phosphatases are essential for hyphal growth and maintenance of proper hyphal architecture. In addition, a first novel-type (PPT/PP5-like) ser/thr phosphatase has been identified in a filamentous fungus. The highly collaborative project has improved our understanding of a fundamental process in fungi, and has identified targets which can be used to develop new approaches for control of fungal plant pathogens as well as improve the performance of beneficial fungi in the field and in industry. In addition, the feasibility of molecular technology transfer in comparative mycology has been demonstrated.
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Shai, Yechiel, Arthur Aronson, Aviah Zilberstein, and Baruch Sneh. Study of the Basis for Toxicity and Specificity of Bacillus thuringiensis d-Endotoxins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7573995.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The report contains three parts which summarizes the three years achievements of the three participating research groups; The Weizmann group, Tel-Aviv group and Purdue group. The firs part describes the achievements obtained by Shai's group toward the elucidation of the mechanism of membrane insertion and the structural organization of the pores formed by the Cry3A and Cry1Ac B. thuringiensis d-endotoxins. For that purpose Shai's group synthesized, fluorescently labeled and structurally and functionally characterized peptides corresponding to the seven helices that compose the pore-forming domain of Cry3A toxin, including mutants peptides and the hairpin a4G-a5 of both Cry3A and Cry 1Ac toxins composed of a4, a5 and the loop connecting a4-a5. Among the synthesized peptides were three mutated a4 helices based on site directed mutagenesis done at Aronson's group that decreased or increased Cry 1Ac toxicity. The results of these studies are consistent with a situation in which only helices a4 anda5 insert into the membrane as a helical hairpin in an antiparallel manner, while the other helices lie on the membrane surface like ribs of an umbrella (the "umbrella model"). In order to test this model Shai's group synthesized the helical hairpin a4<-->a5 of both Cry3A and Cry 1 Ac toxins, as well. Initial functional and structural studies showed direct correlation between the properties of the mutated helices and the mutated Cry1Ac. Based on Shai's findings that a4 is the second helix besides a5 that insert into the membrane, Aronson and colleagues performed extensive mutation on this helix in the CrylAc toxin, as well as in the loop connecting helices 4 and 5, and helix 3 (part two of the report). In addition, Aronson performed studies on the effect of mutations or type of insect which influence the oligomerization either the Cry 1Ab or Cry 1Ac toxins with vesicles prepared from BBMV. In the third part of the report Zilberstein's and Sneh's groups describe their studies on the three domains of Cry 1C, Cry 1E and crylAc and their interaction with the epithelial membrane of the larval midgut. In these studies they cloned all three domains and combinations of two domains, as well as cloning of the pore forming domain alone and studying its interaction with BBMV. In addition they investigated binding of Cry1E toxin and Cry1E domains to BBMV prepared from resistant (R) or sensitive larvae. Finally they initiated expression of the loop a4G<-->a5 Cry3A in E. coli to be compared with the synthetic one done by Shai's group as a basis to develop a system to express all possible pairs for structural and functional studies by Shai's group (together with Y. Shai).