Готові списки джерел за темами / Structural Fire-testing

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

1

Radzi, Noor Azim Mohd, Roszilah Hamid, Azrul A. Mutalib, and A. B. M. Amrul Kaish. "A Review of the Structural Fire Performance Testing Methods for Beam-to-Column Connections." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (November 3, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5432746.

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Анотація:
The structural fire performance tests for beam-to-column connections are critical in determining their fire performance at high temperatures. The current standard fire testing methods provide the procedures for establishing the fire resistance of each construction element exposed to a standard fire. However, these methods cannot verify the fire behaviour of the connections between building elements. Researchers have performed numerous fire tests on beam-to-column connections despite the lack of structural fire performance testing methods. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of the structural fire performance testing methods for beam-to-column connections. The major areas in this review are travelling fires, development of travelling fires on beam-to-column connections, fire testing considerations, fire testing criteria, recent fire testing, and loading applications. This paper identifies the key issues and challenges of the structural fire performance testing methods for beam-to-column connections. Finally, this paper provides recommendations and discusses the way forward for structural fire performance tests on beam-to-column connections.
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2

Sauca, Ana, Thomas Gernay, Fabienne Robert, Nicola Tondini, and Jean-Marc Franssen. "Hybrid fire testing." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 9, no. 4 (December 10, 2018): 319–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-01-2017-0017.

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Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for hybrid fire testing (HFT) which is unconditionally stable, ensures equilibrium and compatibility at the interface and captures the global behavior of the analyzed structure. HFT is a technique that allows assessing experimentally the fire performance of a structural element under real boundary conditions that capture the effect of the surrounding structure. Design/methodology/approach The paper starts with the analysis of the method used in the few previous HFT. Based on the analytical study of a simple one degree-of-freedom elastic system, it is shown that this previous method is fundamentally unstable in certain configurations that cannot be easily predicted in advance. Therefore, a new method is introduced to overcome the stability problem. The method is applied in a virtual hybrid test on a 2D reinforced concrete beam part of a moment-resisting frame. Findings It is shown through analytical developments and applicative examples that the stability of the method used in previous HFT depends on the stiffness ratio between the two substructures. The method is unstable when implemented in force control on a physical substructure that is less stiff than the surrounding structure. Conversely, the method is unstable when implemented in displacement control on a physical substructure stiffer than the remainder. In multi-degrees-of-freedom tests where the temperature will affect the stiffness of the elements, it is generally not possible to ensure continuous stability throughout the test using this former method. Therefore, a new method is proposed where the stability is not dependent on the stiffness ratio between the two substructures. Application of the new method in a virtual HFT proved to be stable, to ensure compatibility and equilibrium at the interface and to reproduce accurately the global structural behavior. Originality/value The paper provides a method to perform hybrid fire tests which overcomes the stability problem lying in the former method. The efficiency of the new method is demonstrated in a virtual HFT with three degrees-of-freedom at the interface, the next step being its implementation in a real (laboratory) hybrid test.
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3

Qureshi, Ramla Karim, Negar Elhami-Khorasani, and Thomas Gernay. "Adaption of active boundary conditions in structural fire testing." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 10, no. 4 (December 9, 2019): 504–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-12-2018-0042.

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Анотація:
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the need for active boundary conditions during fire testing of structural elements, review existing studies on hybrid fire testing (HFT), a technique that would ensure updating of boundary conditions during a fire test, and propose a compensation scheme to mitigate instabilities in the hybrid testing procedure. Design/methodology/approach The paper focuses on structural steel columns and starts with a detailed literature review of steel column fire tests in the past few decades with varying axial and rotational end restraints. The review is followed with new results from comparative numerical analyses of structural steel columns with various end constraints. HFT is then discussed as a potential solution to be adapted for fire testing of structural elements. Challenges in contemporary HFT procedures are discussed, and application of stiffness updating approaches is demonstrated. Findings The reviewed studies indicate that axial and rotational restraints at the boundaries considerably influence the fire response of steel columns. Equivalent static spring technique for simulating effect of surrounding frame on an isolated column behavior does not depict accurate buckling and post-buckling response. Additionally, numerical models that simulate fire performance of a column situated in a full-frame do follow the trends observed in actual test results up until failure occurs, but these simulations do not necessarily capture post-failure performance accurately. HFT can be used to capture proper boundary conditions during testing of isolated elements, as well as correct failure modes. However, existing studies showed cases with instabilities during HFT. This paper demonstrates that a different stiffness updates calculated from the force-displacement response history of test specimen at elevated temperature can be used to resolve stability issues. Originality/value The paper has two contributions: it suggests that the provision of active boundary conditions is needed in structural fire testing, as equivalent static spring does not necessarily capture the effect of surrounding frame on an isolated element during a fire test, and it shows that force-displacement response history of test specimen during HFT can be used in the form of a stiffness update to ensure test stability.
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4

Chaturvedi, Shashikant, Ajitanshu Vedrtnam, Maged A. Youssef, Martin T. Palou, Gonzalo Barluenga, and Kishor Kalauni. "Fire-Resistance Testing Procedures for Construction Elements—A Review." Fire 6, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6010005.

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Анотація:
Fire accidents are a significant risk to human life and civil infrastructure. As a countermeasure, the regulatory bodies of different countries have established standards for evaluating the performance of construction elements during fire exposure. ISO 834 is the globally accepted fire-resistance testing standard. Other standards include ASTM E119, BS 476, IS 3809, JIS A 1304, AS 1503, EN 1363, and GB/T 9978, which are utilized by the US, Britain, India, Japan, Australia, Europe, and China, respectively. This article presents a summary and comparison of the fire-resistance testing standards. In reality, standard tests for isolated structural members may not efficiently portray realistic fire scenarios due to the fire location, its intensity, etc. Thus, researchers have utilized a variety of specialized setups and full-scale non-standard fire tests to fulfill their research objectives. The article includes a summary of selected full-scale, ad hoc, and specialized setups that were reported in the literature. The article highlights the need for timely updates of fire standards to accommodate the testing of newly developed construction materials, structural systems, and possible regional fire scenarios. The article also identifies the research areas that require significant focus in experimental structural fire-resistant testing.
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5

Patton, Joel S. "Fire and Smoke Corrosivity of Structural Materials." Journal of Fire Sciences 10, no. 4 (July 1992): 294–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419201000403.

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Анотація:
The deleterious effects that combustion products generated dur ing fires can have on normal construction materials have been well-docu mented. The combined effects of fire, corrosive smoke and particulate have been defined as fire corrosivity. While the effects of fire corrosivity are well-known, little quantitative information is available concerning the mechanisms in volved and the degree to which materials, particularly metals, are susceptible. Consequently, a study which was conducted to begin examining the effects of fire and smoke corrosivity on metals is described and the results are presented. Various metal targets were exposed to corrosive smoke and fire particulate pro duced from polyvinylchloride (PVC) samples burned in a cone calorimeter. The target materials consisted of 304 stainless steel, 1010 carbon steel and 70-30 CuNi alloy. In addition to metal targets, electrical resistance probes were also utilized in the testing to monitor in-situ corrosion rates. The probe materials corresponded to the metal targets so that a comparison could be conducted. After testing, both the metal targets and corrosion probes were sectioned and prepared for analysis using standard metallographic techniques. The targets and probes were analyzed for corrosion products and depth of attack. Results from this testing show that all the metal targets proved highly susceptible to the effects of fire and smoke corrosivity attributed to the burning of PVC samples. These results are presented and compared by corrosion rates. In addi tion, the performance of the corrosion probes in terms of their ability to produce accurate corrosion measurements was evaluated by comparing their corrosion depth measurements to those of the metal targets. It can be concluded from these observations that the testing of structural metals for their resistance to fire corrosivity must be done over a wide range of combustion environments us ing a large number of targets in order to generate a statistical basis before any predictions can be made concerning a particular alloy's resistance.
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6

Ming Wang, J. Perricone, P. C. Chang, and J. G. Quintiere. "Scale Modeling of Compartment Fires for Structural Fire Testing." Journal of Fire Protection Engineering 18, no. 3 (August 1, 2008): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1042391508093337.

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7

Cirpici, Burak Kaan. "Predicting and comparing the fire performance of a small-scale composite structure." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 12, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2021.03.001.

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Анотація:
The purpose of this paper is to investigate a strategy for the fire testing of reduced scale structural models which will help engineers design safer structures and reduce the loss from fires. The concept of this work is how composite frame floor arrangements, beam-column connections might be modelled at a small scale suitable for fire testing. Testing full-scale is expensive, besides the testing of scaled model produces reasonable results which help us to understand the failure mechanism and all significant thermo-structural responses involved in a fire. Thermal effects within a structural element generate fire curve, thermal input and structural displacement output, in other words cause and impact. Dimensional analysis, which is a condition for dynamic similarity between prototype and model, can be achieved when all the dimensionless groups are set equal for both model and prototype. On the other hand, scaling rules are used to decide how much insulating material will be used on a structure. 5-storey composite building with composite floors and steel columns has been modelled at small scale with 1/5. The obtained results from various parametric investigations show that the reduced scale model fire test method would be a feasible way to investigate the fire performance of composite structures.
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8

Turkowski, Piotr. "The structural fire design of concrete structures with externally bonded reinforcement and fire protection system." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2013): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2190.

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Анотація:
This work describes the structural fire design process of RC structures with externally bonded reinforcement. First part is based on the calculation method given in EN 1992-1-2 and addresses the question whether the fire protection of externally bonded reinforcement is necessary in every situation? The second part shows what such fire protection should look like and how it should be designed. Moreover, a test procedure for determining the effectiveness of applied fire protection systems to concrete structural members reinforced with FRP, used in Fire Testing Laboratory of Building Research Institute (ITB) is presented.
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Kwon, In Kyu. "Analysis of Structural Stability for H-Section Made of SM 400 According to Lengths and Boundary Conditions at High Temperatures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3857.

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Анотація:
A fire can cause serious damage to steel framed buildings so most of countries have fire regulations specifying fire resistance for structural elements. Fire resistance generally has been evaluated by a limited size testing facility. However, the size of columns and beams are different based on various conditions. Especially, the height of column and boundary condition are the main factors that govern the fire resistance of structural elements. To make a basic database for the H-section made of an ordinary grade structural steel, SM 400, an analysis was conducted by using mechanical and thermal properties with a proper theory. The fact findings suggested that the fire resistance for longer and fixed to fixed column were required a new guide line for covering of fire protective materials.
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10

Ng, Yan Hao, Indraneel Suhas Zope, Aravind Dasari, and Kang Hai Tan. "Correlating the Performance of a Fire-Retardant Coating across Different Scales of Testing." Polymers 12, no. 10 (October 2, 2020): 2271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102271.

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Анотація:
Material-scale tests involving milligrams of samples are used to optimize fire-retardant coating formulations, but actual applications of these coatings require them to be assessed with structural-scale fire tests. This significant difference in the scale of testing (milligrams to kilograms of sample) raises many questions on the relations between the inherent flammability and thermal characteristics of the coating materials and their “performance” at the structural scale. Moreover, the expected “performance” requirements and the definition of “performance” varies at different scales. In this regard, the pathway is not established when designing and formulating fire-retardant coatings for structural steel sections or members. This manuscript explores the fundamental relationships across different scales of testing with the help of a fire-protective system based on acrylic resin with a typical combination of intumescent additives, viz. ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and expandable graphite. One of the main outcomes of this work dictates that higher heat release rate values and larger amounts of material participating in the pyrolysis process per unit time will result in a rapid rise in steel substrate temperature. This information is very useful in the design and development of generic fire-retardant coatings.
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Дисертації з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

1

Collette, Kristin A. "Comparisons of structural designs in fire." Link to electronic thesis, 2007. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050307-182832/.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.) -- Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: Office buildings; Steel beams; Lumped parameter method; Cardington Tests; Design fire curves . Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-146).
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2

Johann, Matthew A. "Fire-Robust Structural Engineering: A Framework Approach to Structural Design for Fire Conditions." Link to electronic thesis, 2002. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-1219102-155849.

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Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: structural engineering; fire safety; framework approach; performance-based design; information management; finite element; lumped-parameter; laboratory tests; steel; beam; restrained; plastic analysis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 180-182).
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3

Brandon, Daniel. "Fire and structural performance of non-metallic timber connections." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665417.

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Recent studies showed the need for timber connections with high fire performance. Connections of members in timber structures commonly comprise steel connectors, such as dowels, screws, nails and toothed plates. However, multiple studies have shown that the presence of exposed metal in timber connections leads to a poor performance under fire conditions. Replacing metallic fasteners with non-metallic fasteners potentially enhances the fire performance of timber connections. Previous studies showed that Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) dowels can be a viable replacement for steel dowels and that Densified Veneer Wood functions well as a flitch plate material. However, as the resin matrix of GFRP dowels is viscoelastic, connection creep, which is not studied before, can be of concern. Also no research has been carried out on the fire performance of these connections. Therefore, a study of the creep behaviour and the fire performance of non-metallic timber connections comprising GFRP dowels and a Densified Veneer Wood flitch plate was performed, as is discussed in this thesis. Predictive models were proposed to determine the connection slip and load bearing capacity at ambient and elevated temperatures and in a fire. The material properties and heat transfer properties required for these models were determined experimentally and predictions of these models were experimentally validated. Furthermore, an adjustment of the predictive model of connection slip at ambient temperature allowed approximating the creep of the connection. The material properties, required for the creep model, were determined experimentally and predictions of the model were compared to results of longterm connection tests. The study confirmed that timber members jointed with non-metallic connectors have a significantly improved fire performance to timber joints using metallic connections. Models developed and proposed to predict fire performance gave accurate predictions of time to failure. It was concluded that non-metallic connections showed more creep per load per connector, than metallic connections. However, the ratio between initial deflection and creep (relative creep) and the ratio between load level and creep were shown to be similar for metallic and non-metallic connections.
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4

Tao, Yunxiang. "Advanced numerical analysis and fire testing of cold-formed steel hollow section stud walls." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/226716/1/Yunxiang_Tao_Thesis.pdf.

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Анотація:
This research investigated the behaviour of light gauge steel frame walls made of cold-formed steel hollow section studs under both ambient and fire conditions using full scale experimental and advanced numerical studies. It developed and improved new structural and fire design rules for hollow section stud walls that can be included in the Australian steel structures standard. Importantly, it showed that such wall systems have superior fire resistance than conventional wall systems used currently. Overall, this research has sufficiently improved the knowledge of light steel walls made of hollow section studs in fire, enabling structurally efficient and safer designs.
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5

Dias, Hanwellage Yomal Viduranga. "Structural and fire behaviour of gypsum plasterboard and steel sheathed LSF walls." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/134411/1/Hanwellage_Dias_Thesis.pdf.

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This study investigated the structural and fire behaviour of steel stud framed walls lined with gypsum plasterboard and steel sheathing. An improved wall stud with greater structural efficiency was developed. Through analytical, numerical and experimental studies, the behaviour of steel sheathed LSF walls built using these improved studs, both under normal service conditions and in fire, was investigated. The findings of this study facilitate the development of structurally and economically superior LSF walls.
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6

Arakelian, Andrea Katherine. "Strength analysis of bolted shear connections under fire conditions using the finite element approach." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2008. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-122208-145717/.

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7

Maluk, Cristian. "Development and application of a novel test method for studying the fire behaviour of CFRP prestressed concrete structural elements." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15926.

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Анотація:
A novel type of precast, prestressed concrete structural element is being implemented in load-bearing systems in buildings. These structural elements combine the use of high-performance, self-consolidating concrete (HPSCC) and non-corroding carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) prestressing tendons; this produces highly optimized, slender structural elements with excellent serviceability and (presumed) extended service lives. More widely, the use of new construction techniques, innovative materials, and ground-breaking designs is increasingly commonplace in today's rapidly evolving building construction industry. However, the performance of these and other structural elements in fire is in general not well known and must be understood before these can be used with confidence in load-bearing applications where structural fire resistance is a concern. Structural fire testing has traditionally relied on the use of the standard fire resistance test (i.e. furnace test) for assuring regulatory compliance of structural elements and assemblies, and in many cases also for developing the scientific understanding of structural response to fire. Conceived in the early 1900s and fundamentally unchanged since then, the standard testing procedure is characterized by its high cost and low repeatability. A novel test method, the Heat-Transfer Rate Inducing System (H-TRIS), resulting from a mental shift associated with controlling the thermal exposure not by temperature (e.g. temperature measured by thermocouples) but rather by the time-history of incident heat flux, was conceived, developed, and validated within the scope of the work presented in this thesis. H-TRIS allows for experimental studies to be carried out with high repeatability, imposing rationally quantifiable thermal exposure, all at low economic and temporal cost. The research presented in this thesis fundamentally seeks to examine and understand the behaviour of CFRP prestressed HPSCC structural elements in fire, with emphasis placed on undesired 'premature' failure mechanisms linked to the occurrence of heat-induced concrete spalling and/or loss of bond between the pretensioned CFRP tendons and the concrete. Results from fire resistance tests presented herein show that, although compliant with testing standards, temperature distributions inside furnaces (5 to 10% deviation) appear to influence the occurrence of heat-induced concrete spalling for specimens tested simultaneously during a single test; fair comparison of test results is therefore questionable if thermal exposure variability is not explicitly considered. In line with the aims of the research presented in this thesis, H-TRIS is used to carry out multiple comprehensive studies on the occurrence of concrete spalling and bond behaviour of CFRP tendons; imposing a quantified, reproducible and rational thermal exposure. Test results led to the conclusion that a "one size fits all" approach for mitigating the risk of heat-induced concrete spalling (e.g. prescribed dose of polypropylene (PP) fibres included in fresh concrete), appears to be ineffective and inappropriate in some of the conditions examined. This work demonstrates that PP fibre cross section and individual fibre length can have an influence on the risk of spalling for the HPSCC mixes tested herein. The testing presented herein has convincingly shown, for the first time using multiple repeated tests under tightly controlled thermal and mechanical conditions, that spalling depends not only on the thermal gradients in concrete during heating but also on the size and restraint conditions of the tested specimen. Furthermore, observations from large scale standard fire resistance tests showed that loss of bond strength of pretensioned CFRP tendons occurred at a 'critical' temperature of the tendons in the heated region, irrespective of the temperature of the tendons at the prestress transfer length, in unheated overhangs. This contradicts conventional wisdom for the structural fire safety design of concrete elements pretensioned with CFRP, in which a minimum unheated overhang is generally prescribed. Overall, the research studies presented in this thesis showed that a rational and practical understanding of the behaviour of CFRP prestressed HPSCC structural elements during real fires is unlikely to be achieved only by performing additional standard fire resistance tests. Hence, H-TRIS presents an opportunity to help promote an industry-wide move away from the contemporary pass/fail and costly furnace testing environment. Recommendations for further research to achieve the above goal are provided.
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8

Narang, Vikas A. "Heat Transfer Analysis In Steel Structures." Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050405-133533/.

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9

Covi, Patrick. "Multi-hazard analysis of steel structures subjected to fire following earthquake." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/313383.

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Fires following earthquake (FFE) have historically produced enormous post-earthquake damage and losses in terms of lives, buildings and economic costs, like the San Francisco earthquake (1906), the Kobe earthquake (1995), the Turkey earthquake (2011), the Tohoku earthquake (2011) and the Christchurch earthquakes (2011). The structural fire performance can worsen significantly because the fire acts on a structure damaged by the seismic event. On these premises, the purpose of this work is the investigation of the experimental and numerical response of structural and non-structural components of steel structures subjected to fire following earthquake (FFE) to increase the knowledge and provide a robust framework for hybrid fire testing and hybrid fire following earthquake testing. A partitioned algorithm to test a real case study with substructuring techniques was developed. The framework is developed in MATLAB and it is also based on the implementation of nonlinear finite elements to model the effects of earthquake forces and post-earthquake effects such as fire and thermal loads on structures. These elements should be able to capture geometrical and mechanical non-linearities to deal with large displacements. Two numerical validation procedures of the partitioned algorithm simulating two virtual hybrid fire testing and one virtual hybrid seismic testing were carried out. Two sets of experimental tests in two different laboratories were performed to provide valuable data for the calibration and comparison of numerical finite element case studies reproducing the conditions used in the tests. Another goal of this thesis is to develop a fire following earthquake numerical framework based on a modified version of the OpenSees software and several scripts developed in MATLAB to perform probabilistic analyses of structures subjected to FFE. A new material class, namely SteelFFEThermal, was implemented to simulate the steel behaviour subjected to FFE events.
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10

Ng, Ah Book. "Physical models in fire study of concrete structures." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64055.

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Книги з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

1

Manufacturers, Association of Specialist Fire Protection Contractors and. Fire protection for structural steel in buildings. 3rd ed. Aldershot: Association of Specialist Fire Protection Contractors and Manufacturers in conjunction with Fire Test Study Group and Steel Construction Institute, 2004.

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2

Building construction for the fire service. 3rd ed. Quincy, Mass: National Fire Protection Association, 1992.

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3

T, Armer G. S., and O'Dell T, eds. Fire, static, and dynamic tests of building structures: Proceedings of the Second Cardington Conference, Cardington, England, 12-14 March 1996. London: E & FN Spon, 1997.

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4

G, Hetherington J., ed. Blast and ballistic loading of structures. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1994.

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5

Vila, Real Paulo, and European Convention for Constructional Steelwork, eds. Fire design of steel structures: Eurocode 1 : actions on structures, part 1-2 : General actions - Actions on structures exposed to fire - Eurocode 3 : design of steel structures, part 1-2 : General rules - Structural fire design. Berlin: ECCS, 2010.

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6

Brannigan, Francis L. Building Construction for the Fire Service. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2006.

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7

Mbwambo, William J. Structural response of prestressed concrete members subjected to elevated temperatures. 1995.

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8

Hetherington, John G., and PETER D. SMITH. Blast and Ballistic Loading of Structures. Laxton's, 1994.

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9

Smith, P. D., and J. G. Hetherington. Blast and Ballistic Loading of Structures. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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10

Fire Design of Steel Structures. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2015.

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Частини книг з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

1

Schulthess, P., M. Neuenschwander, M. Fontana, and M. Knobloch. "Consolidated fire testing: Coupled thermo-mechanical modelling for analysis of the global structural fire behavior." In Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 1777–82. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315641645-294.

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Kalyana Rama, J. S., and B. S. Grewal. "Evaluation of Efficiency of Non-destructive Testing Methods for Determining the Strength of Concrete Damaged by Fire." In Advances in Structural Engineering, 2567–78. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2187-6_198.

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Claasen, Jaleel, Richard Walls, and Antonio Cicione. "Large-scale fire testing of an innovative cellular beam and composite flooring structural system." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 363–64. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348450-171.

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Claasen, Jaleel, Richard Walls, and Antonio Cicione. "Large-scale fire testing of an innovative cellular beam and composite flooring structural system." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 1049–54. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348443-171.

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Jomaa’h, Muyasser M., Ali I. Salahaldin, Qahtan A. Saber, and Aram M. Raheem. "Large Scale Laboratory Setup for Testing Structural Performance of Slender High-Strength Concrete Columns Subjected to Axial Load and Fire: A Preliminary Study." In Geotechnical Engineering and Sustainable Construction, 611–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6277-5_49.

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Ibrahimbegovic, A., A. Boulkertous, L. Davenne, M. Muhasilovic, J. Duhovnik, and A. Pokrklic. "Fire Induced Damage in Structures and Infrastructure: Analysis, Testing and Modeling." In Damage Assessment and Reconstruction after War or Natural Disaster, 309–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2386-5_12.

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Lo Monte, Francesco, Roberto Felicetti, Alberto Meda, and Anna Bortolussi. "Explosive Spalling in R/C Structures Exposed to Fire: Key Aspects in Experimental Testing." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 372–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23748-6_29.

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Kaur, Inderpreet, Chander Sheikhar Singla, and Amandeep Singh Gill. "Assessment of Strength Evaluation and Structure Stability of Building Destroyed in Fire by Using Techniques of Non-destructive Testing." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 117–31. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1859-3_11.

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Rahm, M., F. Evegren, E. Johnson, and J. W. Ringsberg. "Structural fire integrity testing of lightweight multiple core sandwich structures." In Progress in the Analysis and Design of Marine Structures, 869–76. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157368-112.

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"Global structural behavior in fire and consolidated testing of steel structures." In Research and Applications in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 719–20. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15963-347.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

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Rahm, Michael, and Franz Evegren. "Structural Fire Integrity Testing of Lightweight Structures." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54418.

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To reduce environmental impact and to manage weight in shipping and offshore, lightweight structures are becoming increasingly important. A critical issue for loadbearing structures is their structural fire integrity. It is generally evaluated by loaded furnace fire resistance tests based on ISO 834. As part of the EU project BESST, a series of such tests were performed with typical lightweight fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite sandwich structures. The purpose was to determine whether structural fire integrity is sensitive to the design load, design method and safety factor against buckling. In particular was examined whether the temperature at the interface between the exposed laminate and the core is critical for structural integrity and how it depends on the applied loading. Independence of the applied load would make performance solely a matter of heat transfer, which would significantly reduce necessary testing. The tests were carried out with starting point in an insulated sandwich panel system, certified as a 60 minute Fire Resisting Division (FRD-60) for high-speed craft in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures (FTP) Code. The structure consisted of 1.3 mm glass fiber reinforced polyester laminates surrounding a cross linked PVC foam core called Divinycell H80 (80 kg/m3). It was constructed for a 7 kN/m design load, which is the loading applied in the FTP Code furnace test for high-speed craft. Hence, with a conventional safety factor against buckling of 2.5 it was designed to resist a critical load of 17.4 kN/m. With basis in this design, tests were performed with structures where the thickness of the laminates or core had been altered and with adjusted safety factor against the applied loading. In addition, a test was performed with a stiffened panel. Firstly it was noted that 60 minutes of fire resistance was not achieved in most of the tests, which was a consequence of an alteration in the FTP Code test procedures. The FRD-60 structure used as starting point was certified before the 2010 edition of the FTP Code was ratified. This harmonized the test procedure between laboratories and gave a slightly tougher temperature development than when the structure was certified. However, the test results are still valid and show a small variation in the time to failure in the tests with unstiffened sandwich structures, ranging between 51 and 58.5 minutes. Changing the safety factor from 2.5 to 1.5 resulted in a relatively small decrease in time to failure of 3 minutes. The stiffened test showed that structural resistance is better achieved by use of stiffeners than by thick laminates. Furthermore, applying this as a design principle and using a safety factor of 2.5 leaves a test variation between 55 and 58.5 minutes. The temperature at the exposed laminate-core interface was quite similar in the tests at the time of failure. This excludes the test when the laminate thickness was increased as a measure for structural improvement. In conclusion, the test series shows that fire resistance bulkhead testing of insulated FRP composite panels can be simplified and does not have to be performed with varying design loads. To achieve conservative evaluation, a design concept should be evaluated by testing the panel designed for the highest applicable load level, not by testing a weak panel at 7 kN/m loading. This applies to non-stiffened solutions.
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Bou-Mosleh, Charbel, Charbel Farhat, and Kurt Maute. "A Stress-Control-Based Live-Fire Ground Testing Methodology." In 45th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics & Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-1540.

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Kemp, John, and Lisa Woods. "Live Fire Testing A Legacy Wing Assessing Dry Bay Fire Potential in the C-5 Wing." In 52nd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-1726.

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Kemp, John, and Lisa Woods. "Live Fire Testing a Legacy System - Assessing Dry Bay Fire Potential in the New C-5M Engine Pylon." In 50th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-2360.

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Wacker, Scott, and Stephen Stratton. "Virtual Testing in Live Fire Test and Evaluation (LFT&E)." In 52nd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-1806.

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Nassif, Ayman. "Thermal Modelling and Full-Scale Fire Testing of a Steel Door-Leaf Opening into a Standard Fire." In Research, Development and Practice in Structural Engineering and Construction. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7920-4_st-22-0082.

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Smith, Hunter. "Protective Barrier Wall Response to Sequential Blast and Fire Events." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31115-ms.

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Abstract Blast and fire-resistant barrier walls are often required on offshore platforms to protect from accidental events. A wall structure designed for a probabilistic explosion event typically relies on inelastic response and plastic deformation to maintain a lightweight, efficient design. Design guides for such structures do not explicitly address how to account for the effects of interaction of blast and fire loading on structural performance and design acceptance criteria. If a wall assembly is required to provide rated fire and gas protection after an explosion event, it is generally assumed that structural integrity is maintained due to temperature increase limits (140°C) from the H-60/120 rated fire protection on the wall. This paper investigates the validity of this assumption for a typical offshore barrier wall designed to undergo permanent deformation during an initial blast event. The study was performed utilizing non-linear dynamic finite element analysis (FEA). FEA allows for design iteration, structural assessment, and validation against extreme load scenarios when testing of full-scale assembly may not be feasible. A typical wall structure was first analyzed for blast loading by non-linear dynamic structural analysis. Thermal loading from a subsequent hydrocarbon fire was then applied to observe the structural response in the post-blast damaged condition. Based on the rated temperature range, the resulting thermal expansion in the wall panels induces large stresses at the interface between wall panels and supporting steel. Non-linear FEA confirmed that yielding occurs which may increase existing plastic strains beyond design limits at locations of high stress concentration. Therefore, it is prudent to consider thermal performance in the design process, especially regarding connections and penetrations.
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MI, EUN, HEE SUN, HYUN AH, JI YEON, and YEONG SOO. "Full Scale Testing of a Reinforced Concrete Frame under Fire." In Fourth International Conference On Advances in Civil, Structural and Mechanical Engineering -ACSM 2016. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-096-5-12.

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McCabe, Colin, and Daniel Cyphers. "Enhanced Powder Panels for Aircraft Fire Protection: Summary of Recent Validation Testing." In 49th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference
16th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
10t. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-2031.

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Munson, Douglas, and Dana Decker. "Fire Testing of High Density Polyethylene Piping Systems." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78781.

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Degradation of raw water piping systems is a major issue facing nuclear power plant owners. High density polyethylene (HDPE) is a cost-effective alternative to corrosion resistant alloys and has been found to perform well in power plant applications for over 10 years. When used above ground, fire resistance may be an issue. HDPE starts to melt at ∼235°F (115°C) and has an auto-ignition temperature of ∼662°F (350°C). Additionally, toxic gasses are released when it burns. The paper summarizes the development of a method that can be used to protect HDPE piping from postulated fire events is situations where the system must remain operable or not contribute to the fire load. The method was demonstrated using a proof-of-concept fire test of four piping subassemblies that contained many of the fittings that are commonly found in HDPE piping systems. The assemblies were subject to a 3-hour fire test following the guidance of ASTM E119 followed by a hose stream test following the guidance of ASTM E2226. All four specimens survived the test, with each retaining its overall geometry, cross section, and structural and pressure boundary integrity.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Structural Fire-testing"

1

Kerber, Steve, and Robin Zevotek. Fire Service Summary Report: Study of Residential Attic Fire Mitigation Tactics and Exterior Fire Spread Hazards on Firefighter Safety. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/pxtq2256.

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Attic fires pose many hazards for the fire service. When a fire occurs in an attic, it is common it goes unnoticed/reported until smoke or flames are visible from the outside of the structure. Because they take longer to detect, attic fires are more dangerous for firefighters and residents. In a fire situation, the attic ventilation system, which is designed to reduce moisture accumulation by drawing fresh air low from the eaves and exhausting moisture laden warm air near the peak, create an optimal fire growth and spread situation by supplying oxygen to the fire and exhausting hot gases. An estimated 10,000 residential attic fires are reported to U.S. fire departments each year and cause an estimated 30 civilian deaths, 125 civilian injuries and $477 million in property loss. The location of the attic creates several difficulties for the fire service. Firefighters must decide whether to fight the fire from inside the structure, from the outside or a combination of the two. This the decision is complicated by the constant hazard of ceiling collapse, which has the potential to rapidly deteriorate conditions in the living spaces. A piece of gypsum board may fall or be pulled from the ceiling making the relatively clear and cool conditions in the living space change very quickly endangering firefighters executing a search and rescue operation as part of their life safety mission. Further complicating the decision are the hazards associated with roof structure collapse, creating deadly conditions for firefighters operating on and under the roof. Structural collapse accounted for 180 firefighter deaths between 1979 and 2002 of which one-third occurred in residential structures . Many of these incidents involved a roof falling on firefighters or firefighters falling through the roof during firefighting operations on attic fires. The purpose of this study is to increase firefighter safety by providing the fire service with scientific knowledge on the dynamics of attic and exterior fires and the influence of coordinated fire mitigation tactics from full-scale fire testing in realistic residential structures.
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Kerber, Steve, and Robin Zevotek. Study of Residential Attic Fire Mitigation Tactics and Exterior Fire Spread Hazards on Firefighter Safety Released. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/lihb1439.

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Анотація:
Attic fires pose many hazards for the fire service. When a fire occurs in an attic, it is common it goes unnoticed/reported until smoke or flames are visible from the outside of the structure. Because they take longer to detect, attic fires are more dangerous for firefighters and residents. In a fire situation, the attic ventilation system, which is designed to reduce moisture accumulation by drawing fresh air low from the eaves and exhausting moisture laden warm air near the peak, create an optimal fire growth and spread situation by supplying oxygen to the fire and exhausting hot gases. An estimated 10,000 residential attic fires are reported to U.S. fire departments each year and cause an estimated 30 civilian deaths, 125 civilian injuries and $477 million in property loss. The location of the attic creates several difficulties for the fire service. Firefighters must decide whether to fight the fire from inside the structure, from the outside or a combination of the two. This the decision is complicated by the constant hazard of ceiling collapse, which has the potential to rapidly deteriorate conditions in the living spaces. A piece of gypsum board may fall or be pulled from the ceiling making the relatively clear and cool conditions in the living space change very quickly endangering firefighters executing a search and rescue operation as part of their life safety mission. Further complicating the decision are the hazards associated with roof structure collapse, creating deadly conditions for firefighters operating on and under the roof. Structural collapse accounted for 180 firefighter deaths between 1979 and 2002 of which one-third occurred in residential structures . Many of these incidents involved a roof falling on firefighters or firefighters falling through the roof during firefighting operations on attic fires. The purpose of this study is to increase firefighter safety by providing the fire service with scientific knowledge on the dynamics of attic and exterior fires and the influence of coordinated fire mitigation tactics from full-scale fire testing in realistic residential structures.
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3

Weinschenk, Craig, Keith Stakes та Robin Zevotek. Impact of Fire Attack Utilizing Interior and Exterior Streams on Firefighter Safety and Occupant Survival: Air Entrainment. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, грудень 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/gmax3657.

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Анотація:
As research continues into how fire department interventions affect fire dynamics in the modern fire environment, questions continue to arise on the impact and implications of interior versus exterior fire attack on both firefighter safety and occupant survivability. Previous research into various types of fire ground ventilation, flow paths, and exterior fire streams has provided the fire service with an increased understanding of fire dynamics. However, in some instances, the information from the studies did not support current, experience-based practices. This gap between the research to date and the fire ground suppression experience has driven the need for further study. This study will build upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically different fire suppression tools and tactics, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants and affect fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fire ground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with scientific information, developed from water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single-family homes. This study will build and expand upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically suppression methods, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants in addition to impacting fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fireground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with credible scientific information, developed from both water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single family homes. The project is comprised of 3 parts: • Part I: Water Distribution • Part II: Air Entrainment • Part III: Full-Scale Residential Fire Experiments This report details the results and analysis from the air entrainment testing. These tests were conducted without the presence of fire to gain a fundamental understanding of how hose streams entrain air. Each set of experiments was intended to add to the understanding of air entrainment and pressure from fire service hose streams by evaluating the differences caused by various application methods, hose stream types, nozzle movements, pressures/flow rates, manufacturers, and ventilation configurations.
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4

Weinschenk, Craig, Keith Stakes та Robin Zevotek. Impact of Fire Attack Utilizing Interior and Exterior Streams on Firefighter Safety and Occupant Survival: Water Mapping. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, грудень 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/nevx1787.

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Анотація:
As research continues into how fire department interventions affect fire dynamics in the modern fire environment; questions continue to arise on the impact and implications of interior versus exterior fire attack on both firefighter safety and occupant survivability. Previous research into various types of fire ground ventilation, flow paths, and exterior fire streams has provided the fire service with an increased understanding of fire dynamics. However, in some instances, the information from the studies may not support current, experienced-based practices. This gap between the research to date and the fire ground suppression experience has driven the need for further study. Therefore, research into the various methods of fire attack will allow a broader understanding of how firefighter interventions on the fire ground can impact the outcome of both life safety and property protection. This study will build upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically different fire suppression tools and tactics, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants and affect fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fireground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with scientific information, developed from water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single-family homes. The project will be comprised of 3 parts: • Part I: Water Distribution • Part II: Air Entrainment • Part III: Full-Scale Residential Fire Experiments This report details the results and analysis from the water distribution experiments. These tests were conducted without the presence of fire to gain a fundamental understanding of water flows into compartments. Each test was designed to quantify water distribution within a compartment by evaluating the differences caused by various application methods, hose stream types, nozzle movements, pressures/flow rates, stream locations and elevation angles.
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