Дисертації з теми "Stato unitario"
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Forgione, Fabio. "Il potere dell'evoluzione: il dibattito sulla variabilità delle specie a Torino dall'Età napoleonica allo Stato unitario." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368122.
Повний текст джерелаForgione, Fabio. "Il potere dell'evoluzione: il dibattito sulla variabilità delle specie a Torino dall'Età napoleonica allo Stato unitario." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2016. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1804/1/Tesi_dottorato.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBortolotti, Alberto <1978>. "A misura delle città. Paesaggi dell'ingegneria ferroviaria e spazi per la mobilità nella formazione dello Stato unitario." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2828/1/Bortolotti_Alberto_tesi.pdf.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBortolotti, Alberto <1978>. "A misura delle città. Paesaggi dell'ingegneria ferroviaria e spazi per la mobilità nella formazione dello Stato unitario." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2828/.
Повний текст джерелаCarlson, J., S. Gandolfi, Kolck U. van, and S. A. Vitiello. "Ground-State Properties of Unitary Bosons: From Clusters to Matter." AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626282.
Повний текст джерелаScott, Kathryn N. "State-firm bargaining at the subfederal level : the case of California's unitary tax." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1718/.
Повний текст джерелаVilain, Yoan. "L'État et les collectivités locales en France et en Allemagne : étude comparée des limites constitutionnelles à la décentralisation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D078.
Повний текст джерелаThe legal doctrines distinguish traditionally two different models of vertical separation of powers: the unitary state and the federal state, France being supposed to represent the first, Germany the second. Moreover, it is generally acknowledged that federal states are more respectful of local freedoms. However, the decentralization reforms carried out in France and in Germany oblige to question the relevance of this doctrinal assumption and to review the current state of knowledge on the legal systems of both countries. This research is based on an original approach seizing the federalism by the prism of local autonomy and comparing the legal situation of the "local government authorities", respectively in a unitary state and a federal state. ln addition, this comparative research is based on the decentralization theory of Hans Kelsen. This allows avoiding the use of the traditional doctrinal classifications that remain largely determined by the national reference frame. This examination of the legal relationship between central and local authorities allows to note a significant convergence between France and Germany regarding the formal and material protection of the right to local autonomy, in particular due to the constitutionalization of local government law in France. This first research result is confirmed by taking into consideration the "power of surveillance" of the central state on the local authorities, the legal opportunities to interfere in the self-government being even more restricted in France than in Germany. This reveals that federal states are not necessarily providing a greater legal protection of local autonomy than unitary states
Bernard, Elise. "L'Etat en République de Serbie depuis 1990." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030194.
Повний текст джерелаThe nineteenth century, if one looks at History, French and Serbian publicists have questioned the same problems with regard to the issue State and its future. This is not surprising as Serbia, like France, has its place in the framework of the European contemporary public Law. The concepts of public Law that we know from the cases studied are of two types: we can distinguish between concepts of process, which has proven to be particularly dynamic, and concepts of case law that leads us to a static analysis. The former relates to a democratic transition, constitutional transition, succession, dislocation, secession, separation of state and internationalization of public law. The latter, pertains to concepts of state, legal status, sovereignty, state compound (federal state, regional autonomies), Rule of law, Democracy and international administration. It did not seem necessary to create other concepts. Indeed, the most problematic issues involve the major theories, more or less directly. Part of our research has included a review of these theories, in terms of a concrete case: the Republic of Serbia since 1990, when the introduction of multipartism in Tito's Yugoslavia came to end. The purpose of this analysis is to offer our contribution ; we do not pretend to find a new theory of the state. Indeed in view of the mechanisms of Law as a tool to consider the question of state, in the case of Serbia, since 1990, with its specific circumstances, leads us to initiate a line of reflexions on the issue of state that may be thought as criticism, in the early twenty-first century
Nordling, Emil. "Generation of the Bound Entangled Smolin State and Entanglement Witnesses for Low-Dimensional Unitary Invariant States." Thesis, Uppsala University, Theoretical Physics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-130039.
Повний текст джерелаQuantum entanglement is employed as a resource throughout quantum information science. However, before entanglement can be put to intelligent use, the issues of its production and detection must be considered. This thesis proposes four schemes for producing the bound entangled Smolin state. Three of these schemes produce the Smolin state by means of general quantum gates acting on different initial states - an all-zero state, a GHZ-state and two combined Bell states. The fourth scheme is based on one-qubit operations acting on two-photon states produced by SPDC. Furthermore, a maximum overlap entanglement witness detecting entanglement in the Smolin state is derived. This witness is measurable in three measurement settings with the maximal noise tolerance p=2/3. Lastly, simplified entanglement witnesses for the 4-, 6- and 8-qubit unitary invariant states are derived. These witnesses are measurable in three measurement settings with noise tolerances p=0.1802..., p=0.1502... and p=0.0751..., respectively.
Evliyaoglu, Selçuk Abdullah. "La notion d'État unitaire en France et en Turquie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D076.
Повний текст джерелаThe context of the notion of unitary state is changing. The French Republic testifies it since the reforms of the decentralization of 1982. Indeed, there is a transition from the unitary state "typical" or "classic" to the unitary state "atypical" or "modern". Thus, a comparison between the French unitary state and the Turkish Republic which is strictly faithful to the unitary state structure makes it possible to demonstrate this transition. On the other hand, there are some States whose unitary structures have been transformed into another distinct form because of the exceeding of the limits of the permissible mutation of the unitary State, since these States devote a "political" or "legislative" decentralization within their organizations by assigning a legislative power to their local entities. The unity of the legislative power appears, on this point, as a condition "sine qua non" and an impassable limit in terms of the mutation of this form of State. But, the situation is a bit complex for the French unitary state in view of the exceptional position of certain communities to which legislative powers are attributed. This situation makes it necessary to admit that the unity of the legislative power is a general and essential rule in unitary States and that the existence of certain derogations does not affect the unitary state structure. However, if the attribution of the legislative power is a general rule, it will be possible to speak of the transformation of the unitary state towards another form of state
Eismann, Ulrich. "A novel all-solid-state laser source for lithium atoms and three-body recombination in the unitary Bose gas." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA060078.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we present novel techniques for the study of ultracold gases of lithium atoms. In the first part of this thesis, we present the development of a narrow-linewidth laser source emitting 840mW of output power in the vicinity of the lithium D-line resonances at 671 nm. The source is based on a diode-end-pumped unidirectional ring laser operating on the 1342-nm transition in Nd:YVO4, capable of producing 1. 3W of single-mode light delivered in a diffraction-limited beam. The output beam is subsequently frequency-doubled using periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate (ppKTP) in an external buildup cavity. We obtain doubling efficiencies of up to 86%. Tunability of the output frequency over more than 400GHz and frequency-locking of the cavity ensemble with respect to the lithium D-line transitions are accomplished. We measure the linewidth to be 200+400-200kHz. In the second part of this thesis, we employ the source in an experimental setup to produce to cool and trap lithium atoms. We realize samples of finite-temperature unitary Bose gases around the center of a Fano-Feshbach resonance, where interactions between the atoms are maximized. We present temperature-dependent measurements of the unitarity-limited three-body loss rate. The measured losses attain the limiting value imposed by quantum mechanics without adjustable parameters. This measurement allows for the introduction of a criterion for quasi-equilibrium. In this regime, by using technique based on in-situ imaging developed in our group, we provide a first measurement of the equation of state of the unitary Bose gas at low fugacities
Barnabé, Quentin. "La territorialisation de la norme." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1G019.
Повний текст джерелаTerritorialisation of norms is a phenomenon aiming at particularize rules. It is frequently observed within the legal system. It also has multiple implications at the State level. Norms can be territorialised at different levels, at the moment of their creation, such as: the ‘‘indifferenced norm’’, implemented without adaptation according to the territory; the adapted common norm; and the new adapted norm. The implementation of territorial characteristics can also be made at the time of the execution of the norm through application and execution acts. Whether that territorialisation occurs at one stage or another, the norm remains in any case subject to the hierarchical organization of the legal order whereby the judge can sanction any infringements of the rule. The regime of the territorialised norm is therefore not differentiate from any other rule of law, subject to the respect of the principle of equality before the law. All territorialised norms must indeed be justified by objective and rational criteria.The accordance of the territorialised norm to the legal order aims at ensuring the unity of rules of law throughout the State. Despite its particularities and deviations, the normative system is controlled by Administrative and Constitutional Judges. However the amplification of the territorialisation phenomenon questions this affects. The principle of subsidiarity implies an increased decentralization effect of normative power on local entities that are more representative of local communities. As such, particular status forms a suitable solution. While preserving the unity of State, the status enables an adapted decentralization of normative power to regional authorities and to local authorities built on catchments areas, a new local level resulting from the merger of ‘‘communes’’ and the disappearance of the ‘‘departments’’
Ivanovitch, Sarah. "Décentralisation et démocratie locale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1075.
Повний текст джерелаFrance is composed of two distinct systems - the first is the national system and the second is the local system, - which both are settled on a representative foundation. The elector citizen takes part only in elections. He/she does not get involved in the public decisions. The decentralization of power should have allowed the citizen to be closer to local decisions and affairs. But, local citizens give little interest to the local management even though the level of education is growing and the access to information is slightly increasing. In order to allow a real democratized decentralization, it is suitable to rebuild deeply the French Institutions. Effectively, it is necessary to ban any mandate plurality and to make the local system at a distance of the national system. Thus will allow a local corporate body to operate freely in a self administrative party respecting the conditions set by law. Here, a methodology to aim toward an uninterrupted democracy in a decentralized joint State will be suggested. A local citizen has to become a bona fide representative of the local system
Goodnough, Michael Daniel. "The Campus as Carnival: The Students for a Democratic Society's Heteroglossic Challenge of Unitary Language Authority at Three Ohio Universities, 1967-1970." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1366740534.
Повний текст джерелаMANASSERO, STEFANIA. "Il trasferimento della capitale da Torino a Firenze. Le sedi ministeriali dell'Italia unita come banco di prova delle politiche per i beni culturali / The capital's transfer from Turin to Florence. The ministry offices of united Italy as a testing ground for policies for cultural heritage." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2617606.
Повний текст джерелаInocente, Bruno Romeu. "Les mécanismes de la solidarité territoriale : essai comparatif (Brésil - France)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0004/document.
Повний текст джерелаWithin a state, the distribution of public resources inside the territory have a fundamental importance, because it represents a factor of justice in the relationship between local authorities, so that it affects the ability to provide their obligations related to the exercise of their powers in respect of their autonomy, in benefit of citizens who need to have a minimum quality of public services. This thesis aims first to examine and compare what is the influence of the form of state (Unitary for France and Federal for Brazil) on the mechanisms of territorial solidarity. It aims to describe and analyze the effectiveness of the most important mechanisms (financial: local taxes, grants, funds and discretionary transfers; cooperative: representative institutions, national public policies, pooling and contracts between central state and local authorities). Firstly with a description of the historical evolution of territorial organization and the birth of the current solidarity mechanisms and showing the significant existant inequalities, moreover among municipalities, to finally end up with a prospective analysis of effectiveness and defects (tax war, corruption and tax evasion) of these mechanisms designed to achieve equalization (vertical or horizontal) of public resources
Postnikov, Sergey A. "Topics in the Physics and Astrophysics of Neutron Stars." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1259174094.
Повний текст джерелаSzczepanek, Anna. "Quantum dynamical entropy of unitary operators in finite-dimensional state spaces." Praca doktorska, 2020. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/277285.
Повний текст джерелаQuantum dynamical entropy measures the irreducible randomness in the sequences of outcomes generated by a repetitively measured quantum system that between two consecutive measurements is subject to unitary evolution. Joint evolution of such a system can be described by a Partial Iterated Function System (PIFS) acting on a complex projective space and its dynamical entropy is given by the so-called Blackwell integral formula. It is only in the case of measurements consisting exclusively of rank-1 operators that a closed-form expression for quantum dynamical entropy can be fairly easily derived. In the first part of the dissertation we study quantum dynamical entropy with respect to projective measurements (PVMs) that contain projectors of ranks higher than one. The simplest case of this problem is a three-dimensional quantum system measured with a PVM consisting of two projectors, one of which has rank two and the other has rank one. This case was investigated by Crutchfield & Wiesner, who analysed a specific unitary operator with respect to two measurements. We provide a classification of all such three-dimensional systems, identifying eight types of Markov chains that they can generate in the space of quantum states and then deriving for each chain type efficient formulae for quantum dynamical entropy and excess entropy. In the second part we consider the notion of quantum dynamical entropy independent of measurement. This quantity is defined as the maximum of quantum dynamical entropy (with respect to a measurement) over the class of rank-1 PVMs, which correspond to orthonormal bases of the underlying complex space. We distinguish the class of chaotic unitary operators as those unitaries that attain the maximal value of quantum dynamical entropy. Employing the notion of a complex Hadamard matrix, we derive a necessary condition for chaoticity in terms of the trace and determinant of a unitary. In dimensions two and three this condition is sufficient as well, which allows for the calculation of the volume of chaotic unitaries in the unitary ensemble (with respect to the Haar measure) and, in dimension two, the average value of quantum dynamical entropy. We also obtain an effective necessary trace condition for chaoticity in dimension five. Higher dimensional systems are studied in the particular case of several qubits that are all subject to the (local) action of the same unitary. We prove that this unitary is chaotic if and only if the dynamical entropy of the composite system is maximal. We also analyse the case of non-trivial unitary dynamics affecting one qubit, while the remaining ancillary qubits are governed by the trivial dynamics. We show that quantum dynamical entropy (per one qubit) eventually decreases (i.e., when sufficiently many ancillary qubits have been taken into account) and we compute its limit as the number of ancillary qubits grows to infinity - this limit turns out to be strictly positive. Furthermore, we distinguish the class of stubbornly chaotic unitaries as those that are chaotic despite the presence of arbitrarily many ancillary qubits. We establish a necessary trace condition for a unitary to be stubbornly chaotic and characterise stubbornly chaotic unitaries in dimensions two and three. Quantum dynamical entropy independent of measurement can be also defined as the supremum of quantum dynamical entropy with respect to a measurement over the bigger class of generalised measurements, which correspond to semispectral measures (POVM; positive operator valued measure). We prove that in dimension two the maximisation over the bigger set of rank-1 POVMs leads to the same result as the maximisation over the smaller set of rank-1 PVMs.
Napier, Clive J. "Origins of the centralised unitary state with special reference to Botswana, Zimbabwe and Namibia." 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17562.
Повний текст джерелаPolitical Science
D. Lit. et Phil. (Politics)
Petit, Pascale Jacqueline. "A steady-state model for the high-pressure side of a unitary air-conditioning unit." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6599.
Повний текст джерелаA steady-state model was developed to predict the performance of the highpressure side' of vapour-compression air-conditioning systems. The model consists of two segments; the compressor model and condenser model. The compressor model consists of a single empirical equation, for reciprocating compressors, operating with R-22, and having a cooling capacity from 2.6 to 3.5 kW. An important advantage of the approach is that the compressor performance indexes are based on operating conditions. The condenser model displays an exact method to determine physical dimensions of heat exchangers, and a simple, accurate manner to calculate the heat transfer variables. The correctness of the condensing temperature is obtained by an iterative procedure, using terms from both the compressor and condenser studies. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated via a comparison with experimental data and a simulation study. Results indicate a good correlation between the mathematical model and its counterparts.
RENGHINI, Cristina. "Il sistema di tutela brevettuale nell'Unione Europea: il Brevetto Europeo con effetto unitario e il Tribunale Unificato dei Brevetti." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251086.
Повний текст джерелаBaroncioni, Daniele. "La liquidazione dell’asse ecclesiastico in Emilia- Romagna (1867-1881): analisi socio – economica e valutazioni comparative." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/931928.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of the study offers a framework of political, economic and especially financial of united, trying to identify the practical reasons of the actions taken with respect to the axis ecclesiastical. It is then considered ecclesiastical legislation unification, rebuilding an analytical procedures and the arrangements for the application throughout the country. It is analyzed in a systematic way on sources obtained from state archives of several cities located in the territories under investigation, corresponding to the region of Emilia-Romagna, the importance of the dynamics grafted from the practices of alienation of church property involved in 800's liquidations. Special attention was paid to the fact profiles of buyers of assets liquidated, the relation with the dynamics of agricultural time and place, to strictly financial results achieved with the whole operation
Abich, Julian. "Investigating the universality and comprehensive ability of measures to assess the state of workload." Doctoral diss., 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6051.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
Doctorate
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Modeling & Simulation; Engineering
Inoue, Takao doctor of electrical and computer engineering. "Manifold signal processing for MIMO communications." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/11669.
Повний текст джерелаtext
Montesh, Moses. "A critical analysis of crime investigative system within the South African criminal justice system: a comparative study." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1272.
Повний текст джерелаCriminology
D.Litt. et Phil.(Police Science)
BASILI, Silvia. "Gli attuali scenari del commercio internazionale dei prodotti agroalimentari, tra vecchie e nuove questioni di sicurezza alimentare: una riflessone comparatistica ta UE, USA e CINA." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251081.
Повний текст джерела