Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Stateless Minorities"

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Статті в журналах з теми "Stateless Minorities"

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Whitley, Andrew. "Minorities and the stateless in Persian Gulf politics." Survival 35, no. 4 (December 1993): 28–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396339308442710.

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Edwards, John. "Language Minorities and Language Maintenance." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 17 (March 1997): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500003263.

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The position of minority groups and the maintenance of their languages are very much in the news today. For (largely) indigenous minorities, consider the case of continental Europe: As it moves—sometimes erratically—towards federalism, its minorities and its “stateless” peoples are pressing for increased and improved recognition. In October 1981, the European Parliament adopted the Arfé resolution, providing such recognition. A number of further developments have occurred, important among which was the establishment in 1982 of the Dublin-based Bureau for Lesser Used Languages. Its Secretary-General recently observed that:If our languages have been ignored in the past by European institutions this is no longer the case. The European Community is positive towards the cause of our languages and now includes in its budget a provision of 3.5 million ECU to promote regional and minority languages and cultures (Breathnach 1993:1). (See also Baetens Beardsmore 1993; 1994, Edwards 1994a, Sikma and Gorter 1991.)
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Yusuf, Imtiyaz. "Nationalist Ethnicities as Religious Identities." American Journal of Islam and Society 34, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 112–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v34i4.808.

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For centuries, the Rohingya have been living within the borders of the countryestablished in 1948 as Burma/Myanmar. Today left stateless, having beengradually stripped of their citizenship rights, they are described by theUnited Nations as one of the most persecuted minorities in the world. Inorder to understand the complexity of this conflict, one must consider howBurma is politically transitioning from military to democratic rule, a processthat is open (much as was Afghanistan) to competition for resources by internationaland regional players such as the United States, China, India, Israel,Japan, and Australia.1 To be fair, the record of Southeast Asian Muslimcountries with Buddhist minorities is also not outstanding. Buddhist minoritiesidentified as ethnic groups have faced great discrimination in, amongothers, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei ...
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Sperfeldt, Christoph. "Minorities and Statelessness: Social Exclusion and Citizenship in Cambodia." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 27, no. 1 (December 16, 2020): 94–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02701002.

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Abstract More than 75 per cent of the world’s known stateless belong to minorities. Building upon ethnographic research conducted between 2008–2017, this paper considers the case of ethnic Vietnamese minority populations in Cambodia. Members of this group are long-term residents, having been born and raised in the country for generations, with the exception of the period during the Khmer Rouge regime when they were forcibly deported to Vietnam. Since their return to Cambodia in the early 1980s, individuals from this group have been regarded by Cambodian authorities as ‘immigrants’. This paper examines how discriminatory policies, laws and administrative practices regulate individual and collective identities, while creating categories that determine social inclusion and exclusion. In doing so, this paper makes visible the ambivalence of law and rights – both as tools for the construction of exclusionary citizenship, but also as instruments which minorities to contest their social exclusion.
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Trummel, Taylor. "The Creation of a Contemporary Estonian Identity." Potentia: Journal of International Affairs 9 (October 1, 2018): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v9i0.4446.

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With the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, and subsequent independence of Estonia, the power-holding ethnic Russians suddenly found themselves as outcast minorities within the borders of this Baltic country. Various legal and social measures taken by Estonia to reassert its cultural history and political power marginalized c in the country. In creating a modern state, Estonia’s interest to identify with the European community prompted its effort to join the European Union. Such motivation pushed the nation toward multilateral negotiations to comply with requirements of international standards for the fair treatment of minorities. In this paper, an analysis of the implications of historical narratives in identity formation and minority marginalization offers a lens to examine the power of multilateral organizations in providing oversight and incentives to newly independent states. This oversight can be perceived to be in humanitarian interest, but should also be considered for its economic and geopolitical interests. Estonia’s citizenship laws, European identity, and stateless persons provide a case study for such historical analysis.
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Berényi, Katalin. "Mapping Minorities’ Vulnerability to Hate Speech and Denationalisation with a Focus on East and Southeast Asia." Statelessness & Citizenship Review 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35715/scr2001.112.

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This paper explores whether minority groups are more vulnerable to hate speech, human rights violations, denationalisation and mass atrocities in light of the deliberate lack of state protection through the lens of recent incidents in East and Southeast Asia. The paper also examines the roleof social media giant Facebook in spreading hate speech online and whether it may have had any liabilities in relation to the hateful posts that were spread online against the Rohingyas in Myanmar and, more recently, against the Muslim minorities living in the State of Assam in India. The paper concludes by (1) advising policy-makers to adopt and implement strong anti-hate speech laws, clearly criminalising both online and offline hate speech on the national level, as well as to (2) refrain from denationalising minority groups leaving them stateless or at the risk of statelessness and thus avoid instrumentalising nationality for political gains
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Ramasamy, Ramesh. "Sri Lanka’s Plantation Communities." South Asia Research 38, no. 3_suppl (August 23, 2018): 43S—60S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728018791696.

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Ethnic minorities, even if formally recognised as full citizens in their country of residence, may still encounter various forms of discriminatory treatment and exclusion, not only of a private nature, but also in governance, especially in public service delivery. This article combines a critical study of public service provision in Sri Lanka with a fieldwork-based assessment of the current position of the plantation communities in Sri Lanka. It highlights their continuing problems in accessing public services and encountering discriminatory practices by the Sri Lankan state. There is strong evidence that the previously stateless plantation communities remain subject to various forms of discrimination in public service delivery, though they are now citizens. In addition, evidence related to austerity measures in estate management creates further difficulties for the plantation communities.
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Flaim, Amanda, Lindy B. Williams, and Daniel B. Ahlquist. "How Statelessness, Citizenship, and Out-migration Contribute to Stratification Among Rural Elderly in the Highlands of Thailand." Social Forces 99, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 333–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz133.

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Abstract In rural communities across the Global South, families are relying on temporary and permanent out-migration for work to navigate destabilizing agrarian transformations. While research indicates that success of this household livelihood strategy may depend on the legal status of international migrants, precarious legal status is not solely a problem relegated to people who cross national borders. Indeed, millions worldwide are stateless in the countries of their birth. In this mixed-method study, we assess the importance of legal status for elderly well-being among highlanders in Northern Thailand—rural communities that are experiencing both extensive out-migration and protracted statelessness. We find that elderly wealth and work outcomes are shaped by the legal status of both out-migrants and of the rural elderly themselves. Specifically, we show that when rural elderly or their migrant relatives are stateless, the elderly are more likely to engage in wage work and less likely to gain financial benefits of out-migration to the extent that citizens do. Through ethnographic engagement, we locate the contributions of legal status to rural stratification in its complex entanglements with land access and ethno-nationalism in the region, and in the ways that state and market infrastructures deploy citizenship to surveil highlanders and other minorities in Thailand. Amidst growing calls to resolve statelessness in the Global South, our research suggests that the combination of out-migration and uneven extension of citizenship in rural communities is likely to exacerbate stratification, both for migrants and for those who rarely leave home.
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Arraiza, José-María, Phyu Zin Aye, and Marina Arraiza Shakirova. "Fighting Imagined Invasions with Administrative Violence." Statelessness & Citizenship Review 2, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 194–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.35715/scr2002.111.

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Discriminatory policies have the capacity to create statelessness on a massive scale and the majority of stateless persons around the world belong to impoverished minority communities. The intentionality of such discrimination is guided by xenophobia, racism and particularly nativism: the belief that an internal minority with foreign connections is a threat to the nation. Hence, target communities are re-imagined as an enemy invader. This article analyses and compares how such ideologies have resulted in statelessness in the cases of Myanmar, the Dominican Republic and the State of Assam in India. These three scenarios have internal minorities (Rohingya in Myanmar, ethnic Haitians in Dominican Republic and Bengalis in India) that have been represented, based on kinship lines with neighbouring states, as enemy intruders by public officials and institutions. The authors compare how in the three scenarios nativist policies, the erosion of jus soli in citizenship laws and administrative violence have been used to ‘fight’ these imagined invasions and identify common trends
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Hammad, Ahmed Arafa A., and Guo Dexiang. "Protection of civilians in the law of war: A case study of Myanmar." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 5, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.9.

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The paper is aimed to analyses the Law of War violation in Myanmar. Current communal conflicts in Myanmar among Buddhists and Muslims have cast a pall over the country's transition to democracy. The Rohingya, a Muslim minority group, has been disproportionately affected by the recent round of violence. The Rohingya have been subjected to many human rights violations, which has drawn international attention to the situation. Because the Myanmar government does not recognize Rohingya as a separate ethnic group, they are effectively stateless. Rohingya claim to be indigenous people of Myanmar, despite the government's statements that they came from Bangladesh. The research concludes that as positive as the recent political change has been, the Rohingya's future development does not appear bright. International human rights organizations are urging the global community to pressure Myanmar's administration to amend the Citizenship Law, which effectively makes the Rohingya homeless. The end of this article will give a solution for the Myanmar conflict and protect the Muslim minorities.
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Дисертації з теми "Stateless Minorities"

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Piccioli, Ilaria. "European Integration and stateless Minorities. The trajectory of Basque Nationalism." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200852.

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PART 1: SUBSTATE MOBILIZATION, SUB-STATE NATIONALISM AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION. The Decline of the Nation-State between Globalization and European Integration. State Transformation in Multi-Level Europe: Sub-State Authorities on the Go. Sub-State Participation and Representation in Europe: The Rise of Paradiplomacy. The Committee of the Regions. The Council of Ministers. European Networks and Associations. Regional Brussels Offices. Lobbying with European Commission and European Parliament. EU Regional Policy and European Territorial Cooperation. We, the Nations. Against Nation-States Resilience: Sub-State Nationalism on the Rise. What risks for Europe. European Stability in Danger? European Values at Stake? European Integration in Stall? European Democracy in Distress? The European Rescue of Sub-state Nationalism. PART 2: EUROPEAN INTEGRATION, MINORITIES AND DEMOCRACY. The Democratic Deficit in the EU and a Focus on Representation and Participation. Causes and Foundations of the Democratic Deficit. Representation and Participation of European Citizens in the EU. Accommodation of Minorities in the EU : The Rise of the Issues of EU Minorities. Minorities in the EU: a Challenge or an Incentive for Democratization? Risks and Benefits of European Democracy Uncompleted Democracies. European Democracy and the Challenges Ahead. PART 3. - BASQUE NATIONALISM AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION. An Historical Sketch: Birth and Origins of Basque Nationalism. The ideological evolution of Basque Nationalism. After Sabino Arana’s Death Under the Dictatorship. An Ideological Rupture? The Birth of E.T.A. During the Transition and Democracy. The Idea of Europe in Basque Nationalism. Early Nationalism. Under the dictatorship. The European Politics of Contemporary Basque Nationalism. The Strange Case of the Ibarretxe Plan. The Europeanization of Basque Nationalism.
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Книги з теми "Stateless Minorities"

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ʻUnkǣo, Pinkǣo. Khon rai rat rai sanchāt nai Rat Thai: Rư̄anglao khō̜ng sēnthāng sū kānmī 'tūaton' bon phǣndin nī. Krung Thēp: Samnakphim Winyūchon, 2007.

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Thawīsit, Suchādā. Phāwa rai sanchāt-rai rat: Chāidǣn ʻĪsān khon Lāo ʻopphayop. ʻUbon Rātchathānī: Sathāban Wičhai Sangkhom ʻAnuphūmiphāk Lumnam Khōng, Khana Sinlapasāt, Mahāwitthayālai ʻUbon Rātchathānī, 2012.

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Kenya National Commission on Human Rights and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, eds. Out of the shadows: Towards ensuring the rights of stateless persons, and persons at risk of statelessness in Kenya. Nairobi: Kenya National Commission on Human Rights in partnership with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2010.

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Stateless nations: Western European regional nationalisms and the old nations. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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Atlas Of Stateless Nations In Europe Minority People In Search Of Recognition. Lolfa, 2012.

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Uddin, Nasir. The Rohingya. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199489350.001.0001.

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The Rohingyas are one of the most persecuted ethnic minorities in the world. They used to live in the Arakan/Rakhine State of Burma/Myanmar for centuries, though it is a predominantly Buddhist country. Being victims of persecution as a result of ethnic cleansing and genocide, they started migrating to neighbouring countries from 1978, and after the massive migration August 2017 onwards, about 1.3 million Rohingyas now live in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh. This book offers a comprehensive portrait of how the state becomes instrumental in producing ‘stateless’ people, wherein both Myanmar and Bangladesh alienate the Rohingyas as illegal migrants, and they have to face unemployment, mental and sexual abuse, and deprivation of basic human necessities. The Rohingya proposes a new framework and theoretical alternative called ‘subhuman life’ for understanding the extreme vulnerability of the people as well as the genocide, ethnocide, and domicide taking place in the region. With several concrete ethnographic evidences, Nasir Uddin, apart from reconstructing the Rohingyas’ regional history, sheds light on possible solutions to their refugee crisis and examines the regional political dynamics, South and Southeast Asian geopolitics, and bilateral and multilateral interstate relations.
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Частини книг з теми "Stateless Minorities"

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"Circumventing the State? The Demands of Stateless Nations, National Minorities, and the European Constitution." In Redefining Europe, 149–64. Brill | Rodopi, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401201926_010.

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Greble, Emily. "Second- or Third-Class Citizens." In Muslims and the Making of Modern Europe, 107–32. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538807.003.0005.

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After the First World War, the Paris Peace Treaties introduced a new legal order in Europe. Guided by ideas of self-determination, nationalizing states replaced Europe’s multi-confessional land empires in central and southeastern Europe. The new boundaries of nation-states created large classes of stateless, marginalized, and minority subjects. To respond to this, international statesmen created a system of minority rights and protections to manage and protect minorities. Where would Europe’s Muslims fit in this system? Were they a minority? Were they multiple minorities? Diverse communities of Muslims living in southeastern Europe and the Middle East responded differently to these questions. Focusing on Muslims living in the new state of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (often referred to by its later name, Yugoslavia), this chapter explores how Balkan Muslim leaders combined lessons from negotiating in Serbia, Montenegro, and Austria-Hungary with new international languages of minority rights and protections to secure confessional sovereignty and property rights. Yugoslavia, alone among European states, enshrined a Shari’a judiciary in its first constitution.
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Mankoff, Jeffrey. "Iran’s Borderlands." In Empires of Eurasia, 169–88. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300248258.003.0009.

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Nation- and state-building in Iran required downplaying ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity, a process that sparked sometimes violent resistance. Areas with large minority populations, including Khuzestan, Azerbaijan, Baluchistan, Kurdistan, and the Turkmen region of Türkmen Sahra (Torkamansahra), all experienced uprisings at moments of political weakness at the center, notably when Allied forces occupied the country and deposed the German-leaning Reza Shah (1925–41) at the beginning of World War II, and again at the end of the war when Soviet occupation forces helped sustain short-lived Azeri and Kurdish statelets in northern Iran. Resistance to assimilation later encouraged many non-Persians to support the 1979 revolution and fed a resurgence of unrest around Iran’s frontiers in its aftermath. The Islamic Republic would nonetheless maintain much of the Pahlavis’ Persian-centrism, even as the embrace of sectarianism further alienated non-Shi’ite Baluch, Kurds, Turkmen, and other minorities. Incapable of implementing a genuine “politics of and lacking the resources to transform and integrate its periphery, the Islamic Republic administers its borderlands with securitized neglect.
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