Статті в журналах: "State of mirror"

1

McGuirk, Bernard J. "From Mirror-State to Mirror-Stage: Reflections onModernismoandModernidad." Romance Quarterly 36, no. 3 (August 1989): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08831157.1989.9932635.

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2

Zheng, Shi-Biao. "Preparation of Motion Entangled Coherent States of Two Cavity Mirrors." Australian Journal of Physics 53, no. 6 (2000): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph00017.

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A scheme is proposed for the generation of entangled coherent states of two spatially separated cavity mirrors. In the scheme, a two-level atom is sent through two cavities, each having a movable mirror, to produce an entangled photon state for the cavity fields. Then the optomechanical effects further entangle the mirror motions with the cavity fields. A second two-level atom, passing through the cavities, is state-selectively measured, which reduces the mirror motions to an entangled coherent state.We also show how to distinguish such an entangled state from a classical mixture.

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3

Escobar, M., F. Lamy, A. E. Meyerovich, and V. V. Nesvizhevsky. "Rough Mirror as a Quantum State Selector: Analysis and Design." Advances in High Energy Physics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/764182.

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We report analysis of rough mirrors used as the gravitational state selectors in neutron beam and similar experiments. The key to mirror properties is its roughness correlation function (CF) which is extracted from the precision optical scanning measurements of the surface profile. To identify CF in the presence of fluctuation-driven fat tails, we perform numerical experiments with computer-generated random surfaces with the known CF. These numerical experiments provide a reliable identification procedure which we apply to the actual rough mirror. The extracted CF allows us to make predictions for ongoing GRANIT experiments. We also propose a radically new design for rough mirrors based on Monte Carlo simulations for the 1D Ising model. The implementation of this design provides a controlled environment with predictable scattering properties.

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4

Jayanti, Nicky Danur. "PEMBERIAN TERAPI CERMIN DALAM PENURUNAN INTENSITAS NYERI PADA IBU INPARTU KALA II." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Media Husada 2, no. 1 (September 12, 2013): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33475/jikmh.v2i1.100.

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In this era a lot about the world of medical research scientist with mirror therapy. This therapy can be used as a way to reduce the pain, as if the brain can predict patient back to health and recovery from illness. While in the case of childbirth mirror therapy was able to show the real state of the baby's position visually in women who are doing labor that affect the growth of maternal motivation in making an effort to push aside the pain. Measurements conducted on 20 mothers pain when the second stage, when the mother was taught to push 5 times the mother is not able to properly push past the pain scale assessment after mirror therapy treatment is done with mirrors placed with the length and width of 10 cm. After that led her to see the state of the baby until the mother found the concentration point and will reach very high concentrations and the mother's mind is influenced by the image of the mirror so she has a very strong suggestion. Results before the mirror therapy is given is 18 respondents (90%) with severe pain, whereas pain was only 2 respondents (10%). Having given moderate pain mirror therapy there were 16 respondents (20%), whereas severe pain a 4 respondents (20%). The data obtained were statistically analyzed by paired t test T-test using SPSS. Mirror therapy proven to be effective in reducing labor pain on stage II.

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5

N., Seregin, Narudtseva E., Chistyakova A., and Radovsky S. "Medieval Mirrors from the Collection of Altai State Museum of Local Lore." Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy 33, no. 2 (2021): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2021)33(2).-13.

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The article presents the characteristic of medieval metal mirrors in the collection of the Altai State Museum of Local Lore (Barnaul). The analysis of three items (two fragments and one complete product) has been carried out. The authors reviewed the history of the formation of this small collection, and also provided a detailed description of each mirror. It has been established that the find from the Kirillovka-V complex is a part of an eight-bladed artifact, which, judging by the recorded characteristics, is an original Chinese mirror of the late Tang time. The fragment discovered during the excavations of the Khoroshonok-I necropolis has no analogies in the sites of North and Central Asia. The dating of both designated objects is determined by the last centuries of the 1st millennium AD. The third mirror was made during the Yuan Dynasty and belongs to a very rare type of product. The analysis of the considered group of objects from the Altai State Museum of Local Lore collection demonstrates a significant informational potential for further study of metal mirrors from museum collections, some of which have not yet been published and are not included in the context of modern research. Keywords: metal mirrors, Middle Ages, museum, Altai, archaeological sites, China, chronology Acknowledgements: The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Altai State University, project No. 748715Ф.99.1. ББ97АА00002 “The Turkic-Mongolian World of the “Great Altai”: Unity and Diversity in History and Modernity”.

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6

Seregin, N. N., E. A. Narudtseva, A. N. Chistyakova, and S. S. Radovsky. "Yuan time metal mirror from the collection of the Altai State Museum of Local Lore." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 1(52) (February 26, 2021): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-52-1-4.

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This article is concerned with the Chinese metal mirror, which, as it has been found during the study, has been stored for a long time in the collection of the Altai State Museum of Local Lore, but as yet has not attracted the attention of specialists and has not been introduced into scientific discourse. A special research has been required to determine the time and circumstances of its arrival to the museum, which involved working with the documentation of the Altai State Museum of Local Lore, stored both within the institute and in the State Archives of the Altai Territory. It has been concluded, that the mirror represents an occasional find and it came to the mu-seum in the first quarter of the 20th century from the Yenisei Province (currently, the southwestern part of Kras-noyarsk District. The article presents a detailed morphological characteristic of this artifact. The basis of the com-position in the ornamented part of the mirror is a stylized image of a single dragon. Its mouth is trying to grasp the holder, which symbolizes the “fire pearl”. The analysis of the specialised literature and catalogues showed that in Chinese mirrors such composition appeared only during the Tang Dynasty (618–907) and continued to exist dur-ing the Song Period (907–1279). It has been determined that the composition presented on such objects was reproduced for several centuries (Jin, Liao, and Yuan Dynasties), undergoing transformations associated with stylistic nuances (details of the image, shape of mirror, presence or absence of inscriptions) and size and quality of the objects. Based on the obtained data, the mirror from the Altai State Museum of Local Lore has been attrib-uted to the Yuan dynasty period. There are almost no analogies to such objects in Northern and Central Asia, despite the significant number of mirrors of the Mongolian time stored in collections of Siberian museums. There-fore, it seems possible to acknowledge the rarity of these very specimens; the fragmentarity of their distribution could possibly be explained by peculiarities of the history of specific craft centers that have yet to be investigated.

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7

Kenji, FUJITA. "Ａ Study end of Tachukyo-bronze mirror". Pusan Archaeological Society 22 (29 грудня 2023): 83–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.47735/odia.2023.33.83.

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Most of the latter stages of the Tachukyo-bronze mirrors are distributed one the Korean Peninsula. In particular, the last stage of Tachu-saimonkyo-bronze mirrors are distributed mainly on Chungcheongnam-do to Jeollabuk-do. In recent years, multiple tombs containing last stage of Tachukyo have been excavated in the Jeonju-city area, making it possible to examine the meaning of burial objects used during from a different perspective than before. The head position can be estimated from the placement of grave on slope, the width and height of the bottom of the grave. When sorting out types of “grave goods” excavated locations and their conditions, a certain tendency to the placement of “grave goods” can be observed, and some “grave goods” are seen to have undergone significant changes in their handling. “Grave goods” pottery pieces ware placed upright at the feet whether inside or outside the coffin, and bronze swords ware placed inside coffin with the tip facing toward the head. The state of burial of mirrors varies. Some have complete mirrors placed near the head or on the body, while others are propped up inside or outside the coffin. In addition, mirrors with parts missing or broken into large pieces were placed near bodies, and mirrors shattered into smaller pieces were scattered over coffins. These “grave goods” can be broadly divided into those that were buried and those that used for funerary rituals, depending on the state in which they were excavated. The act of crushing and scattering, which is thought to be associated with funerary rituals, can also be seen on mirrors, bronze swords, copper glazes, and earthenware. At the final stage of the Tachukyo-bronze mirror, the way mirrors are handled has changed dramatically in the world of Mahan era. It is thought that the value of mirrors has changed significantly. In contrast to the Gyeongsang-do region during the Proto Three Kingdom Period, this may have been one of the reasons why the custom of burial with mirrors disappeared in the Mahan region.

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8

Hao, Nguyen Van, Pham Van Duong, Pham Hong Minh, Do Quoc Khanh, and Antonio Agnesi. "Design and Development of the Folded 4-Mirror Resonators for Diode End-pumped Solid-State Cr:LiSAF Laser." Communications in Physics 24, no. 3S2 (April 14, 2016): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/24/3s2/5056.

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We present the design and development of folded four-mirror resonators for diode end-pumped solid-state Cr:LiSAF lasers. The astigmatic effects due to the Brewster-cut laser crystal and two curved mirrors used at oblique incidence were taken into consideration. The obtained results showed the stability regions of resonator, the beam parameters in the resonator and within the laser crystal as well as other sensitive parameters and their variation ranges. Furthermore, the designed folded four-mirror resonators for diode end-pumped Cr:LiSAF laser were experimentally evaluated. The CW Cr:LiSAF laser characteristics in threshold, efficiency and beam quality as well as comparative studies are presented.

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9

Hartung, Johannes, Henrik von Lukowicz, Mathias Rohde, Knut Kleinbauer, Nils Heidler, and Stefan Risse. "Measurement and correction of two-sided freeform optical elements with combined tactile-optical metrology equipment." EPJ Web of Conferences 215 (2019): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921508002.

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Freeform optical elements are state of the art for several years to fabricate very high performance optical systems with the necessity of, e.g., strong folding in mirror system or correction of typical asymmetric aberrations in mirror systems as well as lens systems. For freeform mirror systems, in particular for metal mirrors, the metrology is well understood and iterative process chains are well established. For transmission elements with a freeform surface on both sides, manufacturing, metrology, and correction for both sides in a parallel manner is quite difficult. The article presents a method to measure such an optical element and correct it with a well-defined correction step to have both sides in a well-defined position to each other.

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10

Lu, Yifan, Marco Amabili, Jian Wang, Fei Yang, Honghao Yue, Ye Xu, and Hornsen Tzou. "Active vibration control of a polyvinylidene fluoride laminated membrane plate mirror." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 19-20 (July 11, 2019): 2611–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319862445.

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Lightweight optical mirrors usually play key roles in aerospace and optical structural systems applied to space telescopes, radars, solar collectors, communication antennas, etc. Due to their high flexibility and low damping properties, external excitations such as orbital maneuver may induce unexpected oscillations and thus reduce their working performance. Active vibration control is therefore essential for the lightweight optical mirror systems. In this spirit, a lightweight mirror structronic system with a linear quadratic optimal controller is presented. The mirror is modeled as a membrane plate with pretension and distributed polyvinylidene fluoride sensors and actuators. The sensing sensitivity of the piezoelectric (PVDF) sensors and the modal actuation factor of the PVDF actuators are derived. The state-space equations are established and the feedback control gains between sensing and control signals are obtained. Sensor and actuator of different shape, size, and position are employed to actively control the first four natural modes of the mirror. The influences of mode order, pretension, and the two weighting factors Q and R on the control performance are also investigated. Analytical results in this paper could guide the design and layout of the PZT sensor and actuator on lightweight membrane plate mirrors.

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11

Effenberger, F. J., and G. J. Dixon. "Gradient-index-mirror solid-state lasers." Applied Optics 33, no. 24 (August 20, 1994): 5537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.33.005537.

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12

Catford, W. N., L. K. Fifield, E. L. Reber, K. W. Kemper, and J. D. Brown. "The missing mirror state in 9B." Nuclear Physics A 550, no. 3 (December 1992): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(92)90021-b.

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13

Amazioug, M., L. Jebli, M. Nassik, and N. Habiballah. "Dynamics of classical-quantum correlations between two movable mirrors in optomechanics." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 08 (March 27, 2020): 2050066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220500666.

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We study the dynamics of classical-quantum correlations in the nonadiabatic regime, using the rotating wave approximation (RWA), between two movable mirrors of two spatially separated Fabry–Pérot cavities, each of the two cavities having a movable end-mirror and coupled to a two-mode squeezed light from spontaneous parametric down-conversion. This work completes our previous work [M. Amazioug, M. Nassik and N. Habiballah, Eur. Phys. J. D 72, 171 (2018)] where we have studied the transfer of quantum correlations in steady state. The Bures distance is used to quantify the amount of entanglement of the symmetrical squeezed thermal state, and the Gaussian quantum discord is considered to quantify the quantumness of the quantum correlations even though the two movable mirrors are separable. Furthermore, total correlations are quantified using quantum mutual information. Indeed, these three indicators depend mainly on the temperature of the movable mirror and the squeezing parameter in strong coupling regime.

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14

He, Ruozhen, Jiaying Lin, and Rynson W.H. Lau. "Efficient Mirror Detection via Multi-Level Heterogeneous Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 1 (June 26, 2023): 790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25157.

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We present HetNet (Multi-level Heterogeneous Network), a highly efficient mirror detection network. Current mirror detection methods focus more on performance than efficiency, limiting the real-time applications (such as drones). Their lack of efficiency is aroused by the common design of adopting homogeneous modules at different levels, which ignores the difference between different levels of features. In contrast, HetNet detects potential mirror regions initially through low-level understandings (e.g., intensity contrasts) and then combines with high-level understandings (contextual discontinuity for instance) to finalize the predictions. To perform accurate yet efficient mirror detection, HetNet follows an effective architecture that obtains specific information at different stages to detect mirrors. We further propose a multi-orientation intensity-based contrasted module (MIC) and a reflection semantic logical module (RSL), equipped on HetNet, to predict potential mirror regions by low-level understandings and analyze semantic logic in scenarios by high-level understandings, respectively. Compared to the state-of-the-art method, HetNet runs 664% faster and draws an average performance gain of 8.9% on MAE, 3.1% on IoU, and 2.0% on F-measure on two mirror detection benchmarks. The code is available at https://github.com/Catherine-R-He/HetNet.

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15

Hojo, Hitoshi. "Ambipolar Steady State of a Mirror Plasma." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 69, no. 5 (May 15, 2000): 1570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.69.1570.

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16

Mitchell, Robert W., Sue T. Parker, and Maria L. Boccia. "Mirror self-recognition and mental state attribution." American Psychologist 49, no. 8 (1994): 761–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.49.8.761.b.

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17

Swift, Charles D. "Deformable mirror for zigzag solid state lasers." Optical Engineering 29, no. 10 (1990): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.55716.

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18

Dempsey, Richard H., and David J. Hartmann. "Mirror State Counterplans: Illegitimate, Topical, or Magical?" Argumentation and Advocacy 21, no. 3 (January 1985): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028533.1985.11951287.

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19

Bagnuolo, W. G., I. K. Furenlid, D. R. Gies, D. J. Barry, C. H. Hopper, H. A. McAlister, and W. I. Hartkopf. "The Multi-Telescope Telescope Project: An Inexpensive Spectroscopic Facility." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 135 (1992): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100006229.

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AbstractWe have constructed a new facility at the Georgia State University Hard Labor Creek Observatory, consisting of a telescope and a fiber-fed spectrograph and detector. The Multi-Telescope Telescope (MTT) is an inexpensive one-meter light-collecting telescope whose ‘primary’ mirror consists of nine 33.3 cm mirrors. Each mirror of the MTT focuses light into a separate optical fiber, thus avoiding light losses of conventional fiber bundles. The optical fibers feed a modified ‘slightly’ off-plane Ebert-Fastie spectrograph. The detector is a CCD with low thermal noise characteristics, cooled to 200 K. The CHARA spectroscopic facility will be used for high precision radial velocity observations of binary orbits, tomographic separation of binary spectra, and observations of nonradial pulsations of Be stars.

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20

Zhao, Xuan Ke. "DBR-Ag Micro-Cavity Organic Solid-State Lasers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.358.

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A DBR-Ag mixed organic micro-cavity structure solid-state laser was proposed in this paper. The influences of center wavelength, growth sequence and the cycle number of DBR, and the thickness of Ag mirror and organic light-emitting layer on performance of Ag-DBR mixed organic micro-cavity were investigated by simulation. According to PL characteristics of Alq3:DCM (0.5wt%), an optimal metal Ag-DBR micro-cavity structure was designed, and based on theoretical calculation results, a corresponding micro-cavity devices (glass/DBR/organic layer/Ag mirror) was fabricated. The theoretical simulation and experimental results are in good agreement.

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21

Ithawii, Rana, and Ban Sabah Hameed. "Study of the Symmetry Energy and the Nuclear Equation of State for 13O -13B and 13N-13C Mirror Nuclei." Iraqi Journal of Physics 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v21i4.1147.

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In parallel with the shell model using the harmonic oscillator's single-particle wave functions, the Hartree-Fock approximation was also used to calculate the neutron skin thickness, the mirror charge radii, and the differences in proton radii for 13O-13B and 13N-13C mirror nuclei. The calculations were done for both mirror nuclei in the psdpn model space. Depending on the type of potential used, the calculated values of skin thickness are affected. The symmetry energy and the symmetry energy's slope at nuclear saturation density were also determined, and the ratio of the density to the saturation density of nuclear matter and the symmetry energy has a nearly linear correlation. The mirror energy displacement was calculated, and the findings corresponded well with the available experimental data for the binding energies of the studied mirror nuclei. The measured values of the symmetry energy coefficient for the pair of mirror nuclei agreed with the computed ones, and this coefficient's value rises exponentially as the difference in charge radius increases.

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22

Liu, Shujie, Philipp Kästner, Roland Donatiello, Anup Shrivastava, Marek Smolarczyk, Mustaqim Siddi Que Iskhandar, Md Kamrul Hasan, et al. "State-of-the-Art Materials Used in MEMS Micromirror Arrays for Photonic Applications." Photonics 11, no. 3 (March 11, 2024): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11030253.

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This work provides an overview on micromirror arrays based on different material systems such as dielectrics, element silicon, compound semiconductors, metals, and novel 2D materials. The goal is to work out the particular strength of each material system to enable optimum performance for various applications. In particular, this review is intended to draw attention to the fact that MEMS micro-mirrors can be successful in many other material systems besides silicon. In particular, the review is intended to draw attention to two material systems that have so far been used less for MEMS micromirror arrays, that have been less researched, and of which fewer applications have been reported to date: metallic heterostructures and 2D materials. However, the main focus is on metallic MEMS micromirror arrays on glass substrates for applications like personalized light steering in buildings via active windows, energy management, active laser safety goggles, interference microscopy, and endoscopy. Finally, the different micromirror arrays are compared with respect to fabrication challenges, switching speed, number of mirrors, mirror dimensions, array sizes, miniaturization potential for individual mirrors, reliability, lifetime, and hinge methodology.

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23

Soliman, Tamer M., Laurel J. Buxbaum, and Steven A. Jax. "The mirror illusion’s effects on body state estimation." Cognitive Neuropsychology 33, no. 1-2 (February 17, 2016): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02643294.2016.1187591.

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24

Tajima, K., Y. Yamada, S. Bao, M. Okada, and K. Yoshimura. "All-solid-state switchable mirror on flexible sheet." Surface and Coatings Technology 202, no. 22-23 (August 2008): 5633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.06.098.

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25

Ferreri, Alessandro, Michelangelo Domina, Lucia Rizzuto, and Roberto Passante. "Spontaneous Emission of an Atom Near an Oscillating Mirror." Symmetry 11, no. 11 (November 8, 2019): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11111384.

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We investigate the spontaneous emission of one atom placed near an oscillating reflecting plate. We consider the atom modeled as a two-level system, interacting with the quantum electromagnetic field in the vacuum state, in the presence of the oscillating mirror. We suppose that the plate oscillates adiabatically, so that the time-dependence of the interaction Hamiltonian is entirely enclosed in the time-dependent mode functions, satisfying the boundary conditions at the plate surface, at any given time. Using time-dependent perturbation theory, we evaluate the transition rate to the ground-state of the atom, and show that it depends on the time-dependent atom–plate distance. We also show that the presence of the oscillating mirror significantly affects the physical features of the spontaneous emission of the atom, in particular the spectrum of the emitted radiation. Specifically, we find the appearance of two symmetric lateral peaks in the spectrum, not present in the case of a static mirror, due to the modulated environment. The two lateral peaks are separated from the central peak by the modulation frequency, and we discuss the possibility to observe them with actual experimental techniques of dynamical mirrors and atomic trapping. Our results indicate that a dynamical (i.e., time-modulated) environment can give new possibilities to control and manipulate also other radiative processes of two or more atoms or molecules nearby, for example their cooperative decay or the resonant energy transfer.

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26

Kirian, T. R., K. N. Naumov, V. V. Nikiforov, G. I. Pinigin, F. I. Bushuev, Yu I. Protsyuk, V. P. Sibilev, R. I. Gumerov, and F. G. Aupov. "On the Current State of the Mahis Construction." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 156 (1993): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900173048.

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27

Mazurek, Kevin A., and Marc H. Schieber. "Mirror neurons precede non-mirror neurons during action execution." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 2630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00653.2019.

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Mirror neurons are thought to represent an individual’s ability to understand the actions of others by discharging as one individual performs or observes another individual performing an action. Studies typically have focused on mirror neuron activity during action observation, examining activity during action execution primarily to validate mirror neuron involvement in the motor act. As a result, little is known about the precise role of mirror neurons during action execution. In this study, during execution of reach-grasp-manipulate movements, we found activity of mirror neurons generally preceded that of non-mirror neurons. Not only did the onset of task-related modulation occur earlier in mirror neurons, but state transitions detected by hidden Markov models also occurred earlier in mirror neuron populations. Our findings suggest that mirror neurons may be at the forefront of action execution. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mirror neurons commonly are thought to provide a neural substrate for understanding the actions of others, but mirror neurons also are active during action execution, when additional, non-mirror neurons are active as well. Examining the timing of activity during execution of a naturalistic reach-grasp-manipulate task, we found that mirror neuron activity precedes that of non-mirror neurons at both the unit and the population level. Thus mirror neurons may be at the leading edge of action execution.

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28

Riesz, Ferenc. "The effects of the global surface curvature on Makyoh-topogaphy imaging." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i1.862.

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The effects of the global curvature of the reflecting surface on Makyoh (magic-mirror) topography imaging is analysed based on a geometrical optical model. It is shown that the effects can be taken into account by introducing an equivalent screen-to-sample distance which is a function of the real screen-to-sample distance and the global curvature. The special limiting cases are discussed and analysed for practical applications. Full Text: PDF ReferencesK. Kugimiya, "“Makyoh”: The 2000 year old technology still alive", J. Cryst. Growth 103, 420 (1990). CrossRef P. Blaustein, S. Hahn, "Realtime inspection of wafer surfaces", Solid State Technol. 32, 27 (1989). CrossRef Z.J. Pei, G.R. Fisher, M. Bhagavat, S. Kassir, "A grinding-based manufacturing method for silicon wafers: an experimental investigation", Int. J. Machine Tools Manufacture 45, 1140 (2005). CrossRef F. Riesz, "Makyoh topography: a simple yet powerful optical method for flatness and defect characterization of mirror-like surfaces", Proc. SPIE 5458, 86 (2004). CrossRef T. Hirogaki, E. Aoyama, R. Machinaka, H. Sueda, K. Ogawa, J. Japan Soc. Precision Eng. 73, 96 (2007). CrossRef G. Saines, M.G. Tomilin, "Magic mirrors of the Orient", J. Opt. Technol. 66, 758 (1999). CrossRef W.E. Ayrton, J. Perry, "The Magic Mirror of Japan. Part I", Proc. Roy. Soc. London 28, 127 (1878). CrossRef M.V. Berry, "Oriental magic mirrors and the Laplacian image", Eur. J. Phys. 27, 109 (2006). CrossRef F. Riesz, "Sensitivity and detectability in Makyoh imaging", Optik 122, 2115 (2011). CrossRef Z.J. Laczik, "Quantitative Makyoh topography", Opt. Eng. 39, 2562 (2000). CrossRef F. Riesz, "Geometrical optical model of the image formation in Makyoh (magic-mirror) topography", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 33, 3033 (2000). CrossRef F. Riesz, "Camera length and field of view in Makyoh-topography instruments", Rev. Sci. Instr. 72, 1591 (2001). CrossRef J. Szabó, F. Riesz, B. Szentpáli, "Makyoh Topography: Curvature Measurements and Implications for the Image Formation", Japan. J. Appl. Phys. 35, L258 (1996). CrossRef F. Riesz, "Non-linearity and related features of Makyoh (magic-mirror) imaging", J. Opt. 15, 075709 (2013). CrossRef A.V. Gitin, "System approach to image formation in a magic mirror", Appl. Opt. 48, 1268 (2009). CrossRef

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29

Kovaleva, Kseniya. "The Chemical Composition of the Medieval Mirrors from Golden Horde Time Settlements." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 5 (November 2021): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.5.2.

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Introduction. The paper discussed the results of the study concerning the chemical composition of 16 mirrors from the Golden Horde period originating from the settlements Selitrennoe, Vodyanskoe, Uvekskoe Khmelevskoe I, Shirokiy Buerak and stored in the State Historical Museum (Moscow) and Saratov Regional Museum of Local Lore (Saratov). Method. The visual inspection of the items was carried out using the traceology method, XRF and SEM/EDS were used as a method of determining the elemental composition. To compare the results, data on the chemical composition of mirrors originating from other medieval sites in Eastern Europe were used. Analysis and Results. All but one mirror, made with a stone casting mold, were cast using the impression method. Some of the mirrors show traces of post-casting processing. Several types of alloys have been identified. Most of the mirrors were made of tin-lead bronze (7 items) with an increased (more than 20 %) tin content, which correlates with the results obtained on samples from other settlements of the pre-Horde and Horde times. Other large groups are mirrors made from multicomponent (3 items) and tin bronze (4 items). One mirror each is made of tin brass and lead bronze with the addition of arsenic. Mirrors with arsenic in their composition are also known from other samples from a nomadic cemetery of the Golden Horde period and settlement monuments, which indicates a sufficiently active existence of a more archaic metal in the 14th century.

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30

Treumann, R. A., C. H. Jaroschek, O. D. Constantinescu, R. Nakamura, O. A. Pokhotelov, and E. Georgescu. "The strange physics of low frequency mirror mode turbulence in the high temperature plasma of the magnetosheath." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 11, no. 5/6 (December 13, 2004): 647–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-11-647-2004.

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Abstract. Mirror mode turbulence is the lowest frequency perpendicular magnetic excitation in magnetized plasma proposed already about half a century ago by Rudakov and Sagdeev (1958) and Chandrasekhar et al. (1958) from fluid theory. Its experimental verification required a relatively long time. It was early recognized that mirror modes for being excited require a transverse pressure (or temperature) anisotropy. In principle mirror modes are some version of slow mode waves. Fluid theory, however, does not give a correct physical picture of the mirror mode. The linear infinitesimally small amplitude physics is described correctly only by including the full kinetic theory and is modified by existing spatial gradients of the plasma parameters which attribute a small finite frequency to the mode. In addition, the mode is propagating only very slowly in plasma such that convective transport is the main cause of flow in it. As the lowest frequency mode it can be expected that mirror modes serve as one of the dominant energy inputs into plasma. This is however true only when the mode grows to large amplitude leaving the linear stage. At such low frequencies, on the other hand, quasilinear theory does not apply as a valid saturation mechanism. Probably the dominant processes are related to the generation of gradients in the plasma which serve as the cause of drift modes thus transferring energy to shorter wavelength propagating waves of higher nonzero frequency. This kind of theory has not yet been developed as it has not yet been understood why mirror modes in spite of their slow growth rate usually are of very large amplitudes indeed of the order of |B/B0|2~O(1). It is thus highly reasonable to assume that mirror modes are instrumental for the development of stationary turbulence in high temperature plasma. Moreover, since the magnetic field in mirror turbulence forms extended though slightly oblique magnetic bottles, low parallel energy particles can be trapped in mirror modes and redistribute energy (cf. for instance, Chisham et al. 1998). Such trapped electrons excite banded whistler wave emission known under the name of lion roars and indicating that the mirror modes contain a trapped particle component while leading to the splitting of particle distributions (see Baumjohann et al., 1999) into trapped and passing particles. The most amazing fact about mirror modes is, however, that they evolve in the practically fully collisionless regime of high temperature plasma where it is on thermodynamic reasons entirely impossible to expel any magnetic field from the plasma. The fact that magnetic fields are indeed locally extracted makes mirror modes similar to "superconducting" structures in matter as known only at extremely low temperatures. Of course, microscopic quantum effects do not play a role in mirror modes. However, it seems that all mirror structures have typical scales of the order of the ion inertial length which implies that mirrors evolve in a regime where the transverse ion and electron motions decouple. In this case the Hall kinetics comes into play. We estimate that in the marginally stationary nonlinear state of the evolution of mirror modes the modes become stretched along the magnetic field with k||=0 and that a small number the order of a few percent of the particle density is responsible only for the screening of the field from the interior of the mirror bubbles.

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31

Rudakova, Natalya V., Rashid G. Bikbaev, Pavel S. Pankin, Stepan Ya Vetrov, Ivan V. Timofeev, Kuo-Ping Chen, and Wei Lee. "Metal–Dielectric Polarization-Preserving Anisotropic Mirror for Chiral Optical Tamm State." Nanomaterials 12, no. 2 (January 12, 2022): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020234.

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This numerical study demonstrates the possibility of exciting a chiral optical Tamm state localized at the interface between a cholesteric liquid crystal and a polarization-preserving anisotropic mirror conjugated to a metasurface. The difference of the proposed structure from a fully dielectric one is that the metasurface makes it possible to decrease the number of layers of a polarization-preserving anisotropic mirror by a factor of more than two at the retained Q-factor of the localized state. It is shown that the proposed structure can be used in a vertically emitting laser.

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32

Martin, Osvaldo A., Yury Vorobjev, Harold A. Scheraga, and Jorge A. Vila. "Outline of an experimental design aimed to detect protein A mirror image in solution." PeerJ Physical Chemistry 1 (October 15, 2019): e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-pchem.2.

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There is abundant theoretical evidence indicating that a mirror image of Protein A may occur during the protein folding process. However, as to whether such mirror image exists in solution is an unsolved issue. Here we provide outline of an experimental design aimed to detect the mirror image of Protein A in solution. The proposal is based on computational simulations indicating that the use of a mutant of protein A, namely Q10H, could be used to detect the mirror image conformation in solution. Our results indicate that the native conformation of the protein A should have a pKa, for the Q10H mutant, at ≈6.2, while the mirror-image conformation should have a pKa close to ≈7.3. Naturally, if all the population is in the native state for the Q10H mutant, the pKa should be ≈6.2, while, if all are in the mirror-image state, it would be ≈7.3, and, if it is a mixture, the pKa should be larger than 6.2, presumably in proportion to the mirror population. In addition, evidence is provided indicating the tautomeric distribution of H10 must also change between the native and mirror conformations. Although this may not be completely relevant for the purpose of determining whether the protein A mirror image exists in solution, it could provide valuable information to validate the pKa findings. We hope this proposal will foster experimental work on this problem either by direct application of our proposed experimental design or serving as inspiration and motivation for other experiments.

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33

N., Seregin, and Konstantinov N. "METAL MIRRORS FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF GORNO-ALTAI STATE UNIVERSITY." Preservation and study of the cultural heritage of the Altai Territory 27 (2021): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/2411-1503.2021.27.62.

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The article presents the characteristics of metal mirrors from the collection of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Gorno-Altai State University. The history of the formation of this small collection, which includes four items from the burials of the Pazyryk culture of the Bike-III and Taldura-II necropolises, is considered. Due to the fact that publications devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of the results of excavations of the indicated burials did not imply a detailed characteristic of metal mirrors, a description of these objects is given. It has been established that the analyzed finds from the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of GAGU are represented by two types of products. All mirrors are relatively small in size, which is one of the important chronological features of such objects. The lifetime of products with similar characteristics is determined within the wide boundaries of the late 5th -early 3rd centuries BC with the possibility of limiting this period to the framework of the 4th century BC. Prospects for further comprehensive study of metal mirrors from museums in Altai and other regions are obvious. Keywords: metal mirror, altai, museum, archaeological site, Pazyryk culture

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34

N., Seregin, and Konstantinov N. "METAL MIRRORS FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF GORNO-ALTAI STATE UNIVERSITY." Preservation and study of the cultural heritage of the Altai Territory 27 (2021): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/2411-1503.2021.27.62.

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The article presents the characteristics of metal mirrors from the collection of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Gorno-Altai State University. The history of the formation of this small collection, which includes four items from the burials of the Pazyryk culture of the Bike-III and Taldura-II necropolises, is considered. Due to the fact that publications devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of the results of excavations of the indicated burials did not imply a detailed characteristic of metal mirrors, a description of these objects is given. It has been established that the analyzed finds from the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of GAGU are represented by two types of products. All mirrors are relatively small in size, which is one of the important chronological features of such objects. The lifetime of products with similar characteristics is determined within the wide boundaries of the late 5th -early 3rd centuries BC with the possibility of limiting this period to the framework of the 4th century BC. Prospects for further comprehensive study of metal mirrors from museums in Altai and other regions are obvious. Keywords: metal mirror, altai, museum, archaeological site, Pazyryk culture

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35

Treumann, Rudolf A., and Wolfgang Baumjohann. "Electron pairing in mirror modes: surpassing the quasi-linear limit." Annales Geophysicae 37, no. 5 (October 24, 2019): 971–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-971-2019.

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Abstract. The mirror mode evolving in collisionless magnetised high-temperature thermally anisotropic plasmas is shown to develop an interesting macro-state. Starting as a classical zero-frequency ion fluid instability it saturates quasi-linearly at very low magnetic level, while forming elongated magnetic bubbles which trap the electron component to perform an adiabatic bounce motion along the magnetic field. Further evolution of the mirror mode towards a stationary state is determined by the bouncing trapped electrons which interact with the thermal level of ion sound waves and generate attractive wake potentials which give rise to the formation of electron pairs in the lowest-energy singlet state of two combined electrons. Pairing preferentially takes place near the bounce-mirror points where the pairs become spatially locked with all their energy in the gyration. The resulting large anisotropy of pairs enters the mirror growth rate in the quasi-linearly stable mirror mode. It breaks the quasi-linear stability and causes further growth. Pressure balance is either restored by dissipation of the pairs and their anisotropy or inflow of plasma from the environment. In the first case new pairs will continuously form until equilibrium is reached. In the final state the fraction of pairs can be estimated. This process is open to experimental verification. To our knowledge it is the only process in which high-temperature plasma pairing may occur and has an important observable macroscopic effect: breaking the quasi-linear limit and, via pressure balance, generation of localised diamagnetism.

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36

Yu, Mingguo, Jinke Gong, and Hao Cai. "Numerical simulation of impact on wind load due to mirror gap effect for parabolic dish solar concentrator." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 233, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 1056–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919844114.

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Parabolic dish solar concentrators are currently one of the most efficient solar technologies for the production of electricity. These systems are usually located in an open terrain where strong winds may be found and could affect their stability and optical performance. Mirror gap size has direct relation to thermal efficiency and construction cost. A tiny deformation of the concentrator under the action of a strong wind affects the focusing accuracy and increases the requirement of the structural strength of the dish. In this paper, different gap sizes (0–60 mm) between the mirrors of the dish are studied by numerical simulation. The results show that wind load on concentrator is sensitive to operation position, such as 30° pitch and 60° yaw angle. The gap causes an uneven distribution of the mean pressure coefficient on each facet, thereby increasing the risk of wind-induced vibration at the mirror edge. Besides, the drag coefficient on a parabolic dish increases along with the increase of the gap size between 0 and 60 mm when the dish is at the wind-resistant unfavorable conditions. For the overall wind force on a dish in the state of maximum drag force operation angle case, the mirror gap can reduce the wind force by about 3.54% with the gap size increased, which is mainly due to the significant reduction of the windward area. Therefore, the mirror gap should take as small a size as possible.

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37

Cyr, Arthur I. "Dark Mirror: Edward Snowden and the American Surveillance State." RUSI Journal 166, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2021.1932094.

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38

Tajima, Kazuki, Yasusei Yamada, Shanhu Bao, Masahisa Okada, and Kazuki Yoshimura. "Flexible all-solid-state switchable mirror on plastic sheet." Applied Physics Letters 92, no. 4 (January 28, 2008): 041912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2839298.

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39

Clark, Stephen R., Alexander Klein, Martin Bruderer, and Dieter Jaksch. "Graph state generation with noisy mirror-inverting spin chains." New Journal of Physics 9, no. 6 (June 29, 2007): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/202.

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40

Wu, Meng-yao, Shi-yu Wang, Peng-fei Qu, Zhen Guo, De-fang Cai, Bing-bin Li, and Zi-jian Chen. "Mirror deformation affects solid state laser maximum beam quality." Optik 181 (March 2019): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.12.083.

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41

Ermikov, Valery, and Nikolay Pokhilenko. "The Mirror of Science." Science Management: Theory and Practice 4, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 184–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2022.4.4.11.

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Turn to the life and work of outstanding scientists and citizens of our country – academicians P. L. Kapitsa, V. A. Koptyug, N. L. Dobretsov – allows the authors of the article to identify the prominent role of the leaders of national science against the backdrop of crises, including era of fundamental changes in the country and society. What ideas regarding the organization of scientific research were put forward by them and were implemented, what is the role of the state in the life of the scientific community? The authors of the article reflect on this and other issues of national science, relying on the creative heritage of its leaders.

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42

Govern, John M., and Lisa A. Marsch. "Inducing Positive Mood without Demand Characteristics." Psychological Reports 81, no. 3 (December 1997): 1027–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.3.1027.

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The possibility that a state of private self-awareness induced by a small mirror can facilitate the effect of procedures which induce a positive mood was investigated. Participants were 171 female and 60 male undergraduates who were randomly assigned to one of six conditions in a 2 (Mirror vs No-mirror) × 3 (Control vs Velten manipulation vs Music manipulation) design. As predicted, participants who experienced the Velten and Music manipulations in the presence of the mirror reported elevated mood relative to control participants. The mood of participants who experienced the Velten and Music manipulations without the mirror did not differ from the mood of control participants. The potential benefits of using a small mirror as a substitute for explicit instructions about the expected effect of mood-induction procedures are discussed.

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43

Xiang Lei, Xiang Lei, Bing Xu Bing Xu, Ping Yang Ping Yang, Lizhi Dong Lizhi Dong, Wenjin Liu Wenjin Liu, and Hu Yan Hu Yan. "Beam cleanup of a 532-nm pulsed solid-state laser using a bimorph mirror." Chinese Optics Letters 10, no. 2 (2012): 021401–21404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.021401.

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44

Aseev, Aleksandr, and Vasilii Shishkov. "Empire in the mirror of geopolitics." Upravlenie 7, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2019-1-121-127.

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The article deals with the geopolitical views of the Empire as a special type of state and politics, the laws of its development and the place of the Empire in the theoretical constructions of modern geopolitics. The Empire appears to be a large-scale expansionist, geopolitically self-sufficient political entity. While in geopolitics are traditionally distinguished continental (tellurocracy) and sea (thalassocracy) Empires. Studies in the framework of the geopolitical approach fixate, that the extensive path of Imperial power entails a lack of resources to maintain the Imperial system, which has reached its maximum limits by this time. The crisis, linked with Imperial tension, marks the limit of Imperial expansion, followed by the collapse of the Empire into several smaller political entities. In the geopolitical aspect, the Empire-state is in close connection with the aspirations to dominate not only the subordinate periphery, but also other less important and powerful participants in international politics. The ability of the Empire to act as a center of power can be considered as one of its сharacteristics. In general, the geopolitical interpretation of the Empire allows us to point to its specifics, but not as a state, but as a special type of policy, aimed at establishing dominance by the content, which is the concentration of political resources and the exclusive position of the state, forming the Imperial center. Geopolitical analysis emphasizes the central position of the Imperial metropolis in the coordinates of the center–periphery relations, on the one hand, acting as a source of political guidelines and rules, on the other hand, the concentration of political resources and monopolistic political position, provided, among other things, by superiority in geopolitical positioning due to long-term strategic planning and policy.

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45

Brooks, Jonathan, Maddalena Mantovani, Annalisa Allocca, Julia Casanueva Diaz, Vincenzo Dattilo, Alain Masserot, and Paolo Ruggi. "Temperature Control for an Intra-Mirror Etalon in Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector Fabry–Perot Cavities." Galaxies 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies8040080.

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The sensitivity of interferometric gravitational wave detectors is optimized, in part, by balanced finesse in the long Fabry–Perot arm cavities. The input test mass mirrors of Advanced Virgo feature parallel faces, which creates an etalon within the substrate, adding variability in the total mirror reflectivity, in order to correct imbalanced finesse due to manufacturing tolerances. Temperature variations in mirror substrate change the optical path length primarily through varying the index of refraction and are tuned to correct for a finesse imbalance of up to 2.8% by a full etalon fringe of 0.257 K. A negative feedback control system was designed to control the mirror temperature by using an electrical resistive heating belt actuator for a heat transfer process modeled as a two-pole plant. A zero controller filter was designed which achieves temperature control within 2.3% of the etalon fringe and recovers to within 10% of the working point within 32 hours after a step input of one etalon fringe. A preliminary unlock condition control designed to compensate when the interferometer unlocks shows that the control remains stable even after a drastic change in the plant due to the absence of the laser heating. Further improvements to the control must also consider the full heat transfer mechanisms by using modern control state space models.

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46

CHUI, T. C. P., M. SHAO, D. REDDING, Y. GURSEL, and A. BODEN. "MIRROR BIREFRINGENCE IN A FABRY-PEROT CAVITY AND THE DETECTION OF VACUUM BIREFRINGENCE IN A MAGNETIC FIELD." Modern Physics Letters A 10, no. 28 (September 14, 1995): 2125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732395002271.

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Quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory predicts that vacuum under the influence of a strong magnetic field is birefringence. Recently, several groups have proposed to used a high finesse Fabry—Perot cavity to increase the average path length of the light in the magnetic field. This together with the state-of-the-art dipole magnets, should bring the effect within reach of observation. However, the mirrors used in the FP are known to have intrinsic birefringence which is of orders of magnitude larger than the birefringence of the vacuum. In this letter, we analyze the effect of uncontrollable variations of mirror birefringence on two recently proposed optical schemes. The first scheme,1 which we called the frequency scheme, is based on measurement of the beat frequency of two orthogonal polarized laser beams in the cavity. We show that mirror birefringence contributes to the detection uncertainties in first order, resulting in a high susceptibility to variations of its value. In the second scheme, which we called the polarization scheme, laser polarized at 45° relative to the B-field is injected into the cavity. The ellipticity and polarization rotation of the light exiting the cavity is measured.2 Under this scheme, mirror birefringence contributes as a correction of the QED effect, greatly reducing its sensitivity to the undesirable changes.

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47

Finnikov, K. A., V. V. Vinokurov, A. D. Nikolenko, Y. V. Zubavichus, and O. A. Kabov. "Numerical study of thermal stress of a silicon mirror forming a beam of synchrotron radiation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2119, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012148.

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Abstract Numerical simulation of heat transfer in a mirror for focusing a synchrotron radiation beam and its thermally stressed state has been carried out. The choice of the method for cooling the mirror through contact with the water-cooled plates, which provides the specified limitations on thermal deformation, has been substantiated. The modes of heat transfer, implemented under different conditions of heat transfer at the boundary of the mirror with water-cooled plates, are compared.

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48

Breslavets, A. A., Z. E. Eremenko, G. O. Rudnev, M. P. Natarov, V. V. Glamazdin, O. I. Shubnyi, O. A. Voitovych, Zhu Gang, Li Rong, and A. A. Prokopenko. "Small-sized x-band open resonator for wide-range permittivity measurements of solid-state dielectrics." Low Temperature Physics 48, no. 12 (December 2022): 1055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0015115.

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A study using computer simulation of a compact two-mirror symmetric open resonator for use in the X band for measurements of the complex permittivity of flat samples was carried out. The possibilities of minimizing the dimensions of an open resonator with a loaded quality factor of about 104 are investigated. Comparative studies of various coupling elements of an open resonator with a waveguide are carried out. It is shown that coupling elements in the form of a slot on the mirror, which smoothly passes into a standard waveguide, have advantages for use in open resonator for permittivity measurements, compared with coupling elements in the form of a hole in the diaphragm at the end of waveguide on the mirror surface. It is shown that slot coupling elements make it possible to achieve in open resonators almost twice as much field magnitude than coupling elements in the form of holes.

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49

Goerigk, Guenter, and Zoltan Varga. "Comprehensive upgrade of the high-resolution small-angle neutron scattering instrument KWS-3 at FRM II." Journal of Applied Crystallography 44, no. 2 (February 2, 2011): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889811000628.

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After the KWS-3 instrument was moved from Jülich to Munich (in the first half of 2007), it underwent a fundamental evaluation, with the final result that a major upgrade for the whole instrument became necessary. The main subject of the upgrade project was a general mirror refurbishment,i.e.a new polishing and subsequently a new coating of the mirror surface with the isotope65Cu. In parallel to the mirror refurbishment, comprehensive upgrade activities in the vacuum system, electronics and programming have been performed with the aims of protecting the new mirror coating from aging (degradation of the mirror's surface properties), transforming the instrument into a user-friendly state and introducing conceptual improvements.

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50

Le, Catherine, Joyce Smith, and Lewis Cohen. "Mirror Writing and a Dissociative Identity Disorder." Case Reports in Medicine 2009 (2009): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/814292.

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Individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) have been known to show varied skills and talents as they change from one dissociative state to another. For example, case reports have described people who have changed their handedness or have spoken foreign languages during their dissociative states. During an interview with a patient with DID, a surprising talent emerged when she wrote a sentence for the Folstein Mini-Mental State Exam—mirror writing. It is not known whether her mirror writing had a deeper level of meaning; however, it does emphasize the idiosyncratic nature of dissociative identity disorder.

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