Добірка наукової літератури з теми "State Electricity Commission of Victoria Finance"

The development of natural gas in Victoria is mainly that of the Bass Strait gas fields discovered by Esso and BHP, with the former as operator, and of the Gas and Fuel Corporation of Victoria.Since discovery of natural gas in 1965, the market has grown to the delivery in 1989 of 193 petajoules (PJ), consisting of 157 PJ to the Corporation and 36 PJ for use by the State Electricity Commission for Esso's and BHP's own use.This development has includeed the consolidation of gas utilities in Victoria into one entity and aggressive competition to replace oil in industry and space heating and electricity in water heating. Price advantages conferred through oil price increases in the late 1970s were countered in the early 1980s by the Government realising the opportunity cost through increased taxation.Consideration of the likely growth in the Victorian and Australian economies allows some prediction of the future development of natural gas in Victoria to 2010. While the market is expected to increase at a rate of 3.2 per cent per annum in the medium term, this will fall to 2.3 per cent over the long term.Changes in the numbers of gas appliances in each home and their annual usage, competition from electricity in the hot water market, demand management, losses of some industries, new markets such as NGV and cogeneration and the effects of greenhouse gases will all have their effects.

Purpose This paper aims to demonstrate advantages of using the photo elicitation technique from sociology, ethnography and visual anthropology to management history through reference to a study of job loss within the State Electricity Commission of Victoria in the Latrobe Valley, Australia, as it was undergoing transition and privatization in the early 1990s. Design/methodology/approach This is a methodology paper exploring photo elicitation and the theoretical perspectives of life course and identity work when applied in management history. Findings The use of photo elicitation encouraged interview participants to share their perspectives about the common experience of job loss in an Australian regional area which gave rise to some common themes about occupational identity and the challenges of being unemployed. Social implications After job loss, some common experiences have been found, namely, depression; drug and alcohol addiction; domestic violence and family break down; and even suicide. Originality/value Use of photo elicitation provided the methodology and framework to undertake original research in management history in an Australian region still experiencing denidustrialization of brown coal mining and power generation.

Abstract Research background: The European Green deal set by the European Commission has launched new business models in sustainable development. Major contributions are expected in the road transport sector; as far as conventional internal combustion creates significant input in Green House Gas emission inventories. Each EU member state has an obligation to reduce GhG emission by accelerating Electric Vehicle development. In order to foster growth of EVs, there is the need of significant investment into charging infrastructures. The article propose the model of forecasting of investment based on the forecast of the growth of the amount of electric vehicles and their demand on energy. The model includes the behaviouristic approach based on the total cost of ownership model as well as calculations of efficient usage of EV charging points. The model takes into account all types of vehicles including personal and commercial, freight and passenger. Purpose: The aim of this article is to present a complex model for forecasting the required investments based on the fore-cast of the increase in the number of electric vehicles and their demand on energy and investments. Research methodology: The general algorithm of forecasting consists of several consecutive phases: (1) Forecasting the number of electric vehicles, (2) Forecasting the energy needed for electric vehicles, based on the forecast (1) and the predicted usage level of these vehicles. (3) Forecasting the charging station number with the expected technical capacities and characteristics of these charging stations based on the forecasts (1) and (2). (4) Forecasting the need to upgrade the low-voltage grid based on the forecast (3). (5) Calculating the total investment needed based on the results of the forecasts (3) and (4). The main limitations of the study are related to the statistics available for modelling and human behaviour uncertainty, especially in the evaluation impact of measures to foster use of electric vehicles. Results: The findings of the Lithuanian case analysis, which is expressed in three scenarios, focuses on two trends. The most promising scenario projects 319,470 electric vehicles by 2030 which will demand for 1.09 TWh of electricity, representing 8.4–9.9 percent of the total energy consumption in the country. It requires EUR 230, million in the low-voltage grid and EUR 209, million in the charging stations. Novelty: The scientific problem is that the current approach on the forecasting of electric vehicles is too abstract, forecast models cannot be transferred from country to country. This article proposes a model of forecasting investments based on the forecast of the increase in the number of electric vehicles and their demand on energy. The model includes the behaviouristic approach based on the total cost of ownership model as well as calculations of efficient usage of EV charging points. The model takes into account all types of vehicles including personal and commercial, freight and passenger. The article has proven that statistics-based forecasting gives very different results compared to the objective function and to the evaluation of the effects of measures. This has not been compared in previous studies.

The main objective of this paper is to examine the extent to which the capital city of Delhi has gained financial autonomy over the years. In order to better understand its progress, the paper compares the periods before and after the submission of the Third State Finance Commission Report of Delhi. The main findings suggest there have been some efforts to reduce reliance on transfers from upper tiers of government and to strengthen ‘own revenues’ atthe Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD). A greater diversification of tax and non-tax revenue sources is responsible for this improvement. In the second period, other tax sources such as corporation tax and electricity tax gained in importance. Non-tax revenues were also strengthened by higher collection of certain components such as conversion charges. However, own revenues have been inadequate to meet growing expenditure requirements, resulting in high revenue expenditure gaps. Further, the growth in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP has not led to a rise in own revenues for MCD.Rather, the paper finds that higher GSDP and its tertiary sector components are associated with higher expenditures in MCD. As far as local revenues are concerned, higher GSDP is associated with higher transfers, but has no discernible impact on own revenues.