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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Stabilised Soil Blocks"

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Adam, E. A., and P. J. Jones. "Thermophysical properties of stabilised soil building blocks." Building and Environment 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(94)00041-p.

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2

Balaji, Nallaval Chinnaswamy, Monto Mani, and Byrasandra Venkataramanappa Venkatarama Reddy. "Thermal conductivity studies on cement-stabilised soil blocks." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Construction Materials 170, no. 1 (February 2017): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.15.00032.

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3

Reddy, B. V. Venkatarama, and S. S. Lokras. "Steam-cured stabilised soil blocks for masonry construction." Energy and Buildings 29, no. 1 (December 1998): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7788(98)00033-4.

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4

Sharma, Tarun, Sandeep Singh, Shubham Sharma, Aman Sharma, Anand Kumar Shukla, Changhe Li, Yanbin Zhang, and Elsayed Mohamed Tag Eldin. "Studies on the Utilization of Marble Dust, Bagasse Ash, and Paddy Straw Wastes to Improve the Mechanical Characteristics of Unfired Soil Blocks." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 14522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114522.

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Анотація:
Earthen materials are the world’s oldest and cheapest construction materials. Compacted soil stabilised blocks are unfired admixed soil blocks made up of soil plus stabilisers such as binders, fibres, or a combination of both. The manufacturing and usage of cement and cement blocks raises a number of environmental and economic challenges. As a result, researchers are attempting to develop an alternative to cement blocks, and various tests on unfired admixed soil blocks have been performed. This investigation undertakes use of agricultural waste (i.e., paddy straw fiber and sugarcane bagasse ash) and industrial waste (i.e., marble dust) in manufacturing unfired admixed soil blocks. The applicability of unfired soil blocks admixed with marble dust, paddy straw fiber, and bagasse ash were studied. The marble dust level ranged from 25% to 35%, the bagasse ash content ranged from 7.5% to 12.5%, and the content of paddy straw fibre ranged from 0.8% to 1.2% by soil dry weight. Various tests were conducted on 81 mix designs of the prepared unfired admixed soil blocks to determine the mechanical properties of the blocks, followed by modeling and optimization. The characterization of the materials using XRD and XRF and of the specimens using SEM and EDS were performed for the mineral constituents and microstructural analysis. The findings demonstrate that the suggested method is a superior alternative to burned bricks for improving the mechanical properties of unfired admixed soil blocks.
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Walker, P. J. "Strength, durability and shrinkage characteristics of cement stabilised soil blocks." Cement and Concrete Composites 17, no. 4 (January 1995): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-9465(95)00019-9.

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Ogunye, F. O., and H. Boussabaine. "Diagnosis of assessment methods for weatherability of stabilised compressed soil blocks." Construction and Building Materials 16, no. 3 (April 2002): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-0618(02)00004-1.

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7

Subramaniaprasad, C. K., Benny Mathews Abraham, and E. K. Kunhanandan Nambiar. "Sorption characteristics of stabilised soil blocks embedded with waste plastic fibres." Construction and Building Materials 63 (July 2014): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.042.

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8

Goutsaya, Janvier, Guy Edgar Ntamack, and Saâd Charif d’Ouazzane. "Damage Modelling of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilised with Cement." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (May 29, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3342661.

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Анотація:
This work aims at studying the mechanical behaviour of compressed Earth blocks (CEBs) and compressed stabilised Earth blocks (CSEBs) with 4% and 8% in weight cement stabilisation. A numerical simulation method based on the nonlinear behaviour law coupling isotropic elasticity damage is proposed to predict the mechanical behaviour of brittle and quasibrittle materials at simple compressive loading conditions. This model relies on the free energy of the material to generate the damage-dependent stress expression in order to bring it closer to the experimental findings. Tests on the geotechnical properties of the three soil samples (MAI, BAM, and GAD) collected in Ngaoundere city, the chief town of the Adamawa region of Cameroon, were carried out. Furthermore, simple compression tests were carried out on samples of dimensions 4 × 4 × 4 cm3 after 28 days of drying. By comparing the experimental and numerical results used, we could notice that the average compressive stresses of CEBs are approximately 4.13 MPa and 4.16 MPa, and the average deformation limits are 0.0068 and 0.0069; concerning the average Young’s moduli, they are about 842.30 MPa and 789.88 MPa, and for 4% cement, we obtained an average compressive strain of about 4.23 MPa and 4.28 MPa, average deformation limit 0.0072 and 0.0075, and Young’s moduli we obtained about 719.16 MPa and 714.06 MPa. At 8% cement dosage, we obtained average compressive stresses of about 5.01 MPa and 5.20 MPa, average deformation limit of 0.0073 and 0.0074, and Young’s moduli give us 866.43 MPa and 872.56 MPa.
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Kumar, R. Sathish, Maganti Janardhana, and N. Darga Kumar. "Mechanical properties of sustainable soil blocks stabilised with rice husk ash, cement and lime." International Journal of Masonry Research and Innovation 1, no. 3 (2016): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmri.2016.080425.

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Darga Kumar, N., R. Sathish Kumar, and Maganti Janardhana. "Mechanical properties of sustainable soil blocks stabilised with rice husk ash, cement and lime." International Journal of Masonry Research and Innovation 1, no. 3 (2016): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmri.2016.10001373.

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Дисертації з теми "Stabilised Soil Blocks"

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Webb, David John Tudor. "Stabilised soil building blocks." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/283.

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Анотація:
Many countries in the Third World are faced with the grave problem of providing adequate housing in sufficient quantity at a low cost in line with their economies and the resources of the people. From early ages soil has been used as a major building material for low cost dwellings and more recently, by using cement or lime as a soil stabiliser, reasonable building blocks have been produced. These blocks have been produced using a relatively low compacting pressure and have proved to be of limited satisfaction. Stabilised blocks are weak in the 'wet state' after dernoulding, and prone to damage whilst 'green'; however, after controlled curing, the undamaged blocks are generally usable. From experience it has been observed that the lime stabilised blocks deteriorate rapidly in a hot/wet climate whereas there is hardly any deterioration in a hot/dry climate. Manually operated block making machines have used a compacting pressure of around 2 MN/rn 2 and research has demonstrated that with a machine operating with a compacting pressure of 10 MN/rn2 good quality, durable stabilised soil building elements could be produced.
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Ogunye, Festus Olubunmi. "Rain resistance of stabilised soil blocks." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243039.

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Montgomery, David Edward. "Dynamically-compacted cement stabilised soil blocks for low-cost walling." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2836/.

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Анотація:
This document contains the detailed results and conclusions of work carried out during a PhD to investigate the processing, production and performance of dynamically compacted cement-stabilised soil blocks suitable for sustainable low-cost building. An earlier project carried out by the author demonstrated that full-size blocks could be manufactured by dynamic compaction. It was hoped that this technique could be applied to the self-evident need for low-cost housing in the humid tropics. The apparent advantages of this process, over quasi-static compression (slow steady squeezing), have led to further investigation into the critical factors influencing the production of such building units. Initial tests on small cylindrical samples produced by both quasi-static compression and dynamic compaction provided a means of comparison and helped to develop relationships between dominant variables. These tests showed that the moisture content of the compact was a critical variable, influencing its consolidation and its final cured strength. Optimisation studies were undertaken to determine acceptable parameters for impactor mass, drop height and number of applied blows. These chosen parameters were then extrapolated to full-size block production with the necessary adjustments for practicality and cost. Full-size block production using the Test Rig indicated similar relationships as those discovered at the smaller scale, including the more effective consolidation offered by dynamic compaction. From this experience a production prototype was designed and disseminated to a collaborator in India for further trials and feasibility studies. These trials demonstrated that dynamic compaction could produce blocks with a 7-day wet compressive strength of between 3-5MPa with only 5% cement, (typical building regulations require block strength greater than 3.5MPa after 28-days). Feasibility studies there indicate dynamic compaction offers potential savings of 40% compared with local high-tech CSSB manufacture.
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Al-Ajlan, Saleh Abdulrahman. "Thermal mass and stabilized soil blocks for achieving energy savings in hot dry arid climate of Ar-Riyadh region." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239144.

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Afkari, Arash. "Sustainable Low-Cost Housing in Ethiopia : A Study of CSSB-Technology." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-13917.

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Анотація:
This degree project is about sustainable low-cost housing in Ethiopia with a focus on CSSB-technology, which is one method of constructing houses. The project allowed me to visit Ethiopia during seven weeks in 2010, to observe, gather information and to perform tests regarding the specific subject. It is a sub-project to a larger research project initiated in 2002 at Halmstad University in an attempt to introduce low-cost housing technologies for the Kambaata Region in Ethiopia. The aim of the research project has been to develop and test new, sustainable, low-cost building technologies intended for the population, with regard to local traditions, needs and affordability.
Sustainable Low-Cost Housing for the Kambaata region in Ethiopia
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6

Balaji, N. C. "Studies into Thermal Transmittance of Conventional and Alternative Building Materials and Associated with Building Thermal Performance." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3213.

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Анотація:
The present investigation is focused on the thermal performance of building materials, specifically their thermal transmittance, and consequent impact on building envelope and building thermal performance. Thermal performance of building materials plays a crucial role in regulating indoor thermal comfort when suitably integrated as part of the building envelope. Studies into thermal performance of building materials are few, particularly in the context of designing building blocks to achieve a particular thermal transmittance in buildings. Such studies require both theoretical (numerical) investigations augmented with experimental investigation into material thermal performance. A unique contribution of this study has been assessing the temperature-dependent performance of building material and their influence on thermal conductivity. The thermal performance of conventional and alternative (low energy) building materials have also been investigated to assess their suitability for naturally ventilated building in salient climatic zones in India. The study has also investigated the impact of varying mix proportions in Cement Stabilized Soil Block on thermal performance. There is little evidence of such studies, involving both experimental and theoretical studies, tracing the thermal performance of building materials to building performance. The current study involves three parts: studying thermo-physical properties of building materials, building-envelope performance evaluation and case-study investigation on buildings in various climatic zones. The thermo-physical study involves understanding the role of materials mix-proportion, composition, and microstructure for its influence on building-envelope thermal performance. Studies into building envelope performance for conventional and alternative building materials, includes, steady and dynamic thermal performance parameters. As part of the study, a calibrated hot-box thermal testing facility has been tested to experimentally determine the thermal performance of building envelopes. Case-study investigation involves real-time monitoring and simulation based assessment of naturally ventilated buildings in three climatic zones of India. The study finds noticeable temperature-dependent performance for various building materials tested. However, their impact on overall thermal performance of buildings is limited for the climatic zones tested. Further, the study validates the hitherto unexplored possibility of customizing building materials for specific thermal performances.
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Книги з теми "Stabilised Soil Blocks"

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Office, International Labour, United Nations Industrial Development Organization., and World Employment Programme, eds. Small-scale manufacture of stabilised soil blocks. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1987.

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2

Pérez-Peña, Adrián Mauricio. Interlocking stabilised soil blocks: Appropriate earth technologies in Uganda. Nairobi: UN HABITAT, 2009.

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3

Lake, Lancelot Ayo. Economic benefits of stabilized soil block technology in Sudan. Nairobi: UN-Habitat, 2012.

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4

Davis, Malcolm. How to Make Low-Cost Building Blocks: Stabilized Soil Block Technology (Global Contexts for the National Curriculum). Practical Action, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Stabilised Soil Blocks"

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Balaji, N. C., and Monto Mani. "Error Analysis on Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Cement-stabilized Soil Blocks." In Earthen Dwellings and Structures, 333–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_29.

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2

Kyriakides, M. A., R. Panagiotou, R. Illampas, and I. Ioannou. "Effect of Soil Characteristics on the Physico-mechanical Properties of Non-stabilized Compressed Earth Blocks." In RILEM Bookseries, 707–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_76.

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3

Fidler, John, and David J. T. Webb. "16. Eurolime: Development and manufacturing of lime for the preservation of monuments; Lime Stabilized Soil Blocks for Third World Housing." In Lime and Other Alternative Cements, 244–56. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780442631.016.

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Venkatarama Reddy, B. V. "Stabilised soil blocks for structural masonry in earth construction." In Modern Earth Buildings, 324–63. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857096166.3.324.

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Mácsik, J., K. Pousette, A. Jacobsson, H. Rosén, and O. Seger. "A geotechnical and environmental investigation of a block-stabilised road section." In Dry Mix Methods for Deep Soil Stabilization, 51–58. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141466-7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Stabilised Soil Blocks"

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Kulshreshtha, Yask, Philip J. Vardon, Gabrie Meesters, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Nelson J. A. Mota, and Henk M. Jonkers. "What Makes Cow-Dung Stabilised Earthen Block Water-Resistant." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.540.

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The water-resistance of cow-dung has made it a widely used stabiliser in traditional earthen structures in several Asian and African countries. Multiple studies have shown an improvement in water-resistance with the addition of cow-dung, but none provides insight into this behaviour. The present study investigates the water-resistance behaviour of cow-dung stabilised earthen blocks through an extensive experimental programme to identify and characterise the components of cow-dung responsible for its water-resistance. Fresh cow-dung was collected and separated into fibres (>63 μm), medium-sized microbial aggregates (1-63 μm) and small-sized microbial aggregates (0.5-7 μm). Each component was mixed with soil and samples were prepared at different water contents (optimum water content corresponding to the highest dry density and water content higher than optimum) and compacted with 2.5 MPa force to prepare compressed blocks. The water-resistance of these blocks was evaluated through the immersion and modified drip/rain test. It was found that the small-sized microbial aggregates are almost entirely responsible for water-resistance behaviour of cow-dung stabilised earthen blocks. Small-sized microbial aggregates were further characterised by gas chromatography, mercury intrusion porosimetry, N2- BET surface area, zeta potential measurement and electron microscopy. The results indicate that the small-sized microbial aggregates are composed of clay-sized negatively charged particles that are rich in fatty acids. The hydrophobicity of these particles is hypothesised to be responsible for water-resistance behaviour. These insights are further used to produce stabilised blocks that performed at least 30 times better than the unstabilised blocks in both water-resistance tests. The study concludes with practical recommendations for the use of wet cow-dung over dry cow-dung and a reduction of fibre content to increase the water-resistance of earthen blocks.
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Contreras, Maria F., Mauricio Pereira Ordoñez, Jon Hernández, and Carlos Vergara. "Results of a Mitigation Technique Used to Reduce Pipeline Strains in Unstable Slopes." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8531.

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Анотація:
The OCENSA pipeline system crosses a wide range of geological zones, finding different stability problems. Those problems related with landslides are stabilized with different kinds of geotechnical works within the pipeline maintenance programs, but sometimes these problems reach big dimensions making very difficult to stabilize them, so mitigation techniques are necessary in order to guarantee the pipe integrity. A mitigation technique using EPS (Expanded Poly-Styrene) blocks is being used in the OCENSA pipeline system (Colombia) in order to reduce the buried pipe response due to soil displacements during landslide events and in creeping slopes. OCENSA is the first operator in Latin America using this technique. Prior to the use of this technique, numerical modeling studies were done with the support of SOLSIN S.A.S. These studies were focused on determining the viability and effectiveness of the proposed technique. The purpose of the EPS blocks is to constitute a low-density fill with very low Young modulus reducing the soil-pipeline interaction forces. These blocks are located near the landslide limits in both, the stable and un-stable zones in order to reduce the stiffness of the materials around the pipe. These blocks allow the pipe to move beyond the landslide limits, reducing the bending strains. The extension of the EPS backfill is determined by means of the geotechnical investigation of the place in study and using the in-line inspection tools data to determine the length of the pipe affected by the soil movement. In this paper, three case studies are presented in which the proposed mitigation technique effectiveness was proved. In this part, data analyses coming from the in line inspection program was done. The inertial tool data showed that the EPS blocks had a significant effect on the pipe response, reducing the total strains compared with those obtained with a normal backfill. This technique can be used to reduce the frequency of the strain-relief excavations in unstable slopes. That means a cost reduction in the pipe maintenance activities and a more efficient integrity management program.
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Kwan, W. H., C. B. Cheah, M. Ramli, and Y. K. Al-Sakkaf. "Incorporation of bitumen and calcium silicate in cement and lime stabilized soil blocks." In GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY: 2nd International Symposium (ISGST2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4979382.

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