Статті в журналах: "Sports Competitions"

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Zenin, S. S., K. V. Mashkova, and G. N. Suvorov. "Gender Verification Issues in Sports: The UK Experience." Lex Russica, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.170.1.094-100.

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In the context of the increased attention to the rights of the LGBTQ community representatives, the problem of allowing transgender people to participate in sports competitions cannot but arise, which is the subject of discussion at the level of the IOC and international sports federations. In these circumstances, the legislator and the sports community face a difficult task to balance the idea of universal equality in the context of access to sports regardless of gender and fair competition, which is reasonably questioned in cases of admission of transgender people to women's competitions.The analysis of the UK legislation shows that the statutory regulation of these issues is carried out at various levels: the basic provisions are prescribed in the laws, while the detailed procedures for the admission of these persons to competitions are carried out in the relevant guidelines for sports federations. Content analysis reveals that attempts to implement a pragmatic approach to the question of access of persons not meeting the classic ideas of gender identity to sports competitions. This approach develops different strategies depending on the level of competition, type of sport (contact/noncontact), physiological characteristics of athletes, divided for these purposes into several categories. The UK reserves the right to allow transgender athletes to participate in national competitions, ensuring a more inclusive approach on the part of national governing bodies, and develops rules for their admission to international competitions, taking into account the existing requirements.

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Horbenko, O., and A. Lysenko. "The influence of competitive activity on the motivation for sports dancing in young athletes." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 7(152) (July 30, 2022): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.7(152).11.

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In this article, based on the analysis and systematization of scientific research, the relevant issues of the influence of competitive activity on the motivation to engage in sports dance in young athletes are considered. Analysis and synthesis of experience shows that young athletes in competitions have to deal with a lot of information of technical and tactical, psychological and other kinds, which affects the motivation for dance sport,. This information must be correlated with the tasks facing dancers in each duel situation and competition in general. A factor that determines the structure of competitive activity is the focus on achieving the highest result for a given athlete. Naturally, such motivation takes place when it comes to major competitions. Perception and processing of information become more difficult if time and space deficits are not addressed in time. Sports competitions are the basis for the existence and development of sport. Specially organized competitions are aimed at the maximum realization of the spiritual physical capabilities of an individual, a group of people (team), demonstration and comparison of the level of preparedness, achievement of higher results or victory in the conditions of non- antagonistic competition regulated by special rules, specific to the sport.

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Khimenes, Khrystyna, Ludmyla Kharchenko-Baranetska, and Oleksandr Edeliev. "Organizational efficiency of modern competition systems in professional sport games." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 8(139) (August 20, 2021): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.8(139).21.

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Professional sport have been developing dynamically in the last few decades. This is evidenced in particular by the growth of its income. The last one is directly related to a quality product produced by a professional sport – a spectacular competition. In particular, in the last few decades, the system of competitions in professional sport has acquired an updated form, significantly changed both quantitative and qualitative indicators of it held. Purpose. To identify key factors in the organizational effectiveness of modern competition systems in professional sports (for example, North American (NFL, NBA, NHL, MLB, MLS), European (UEFA, FIBA / ULEB) and global organizations (ITL/ATP, PGA)). Methods: data analysis and generalization; theoretical interpretation and explanation; analysis of documentary materials, system analysis. Results. Modern systems of professional sports competitions in North America (NFL, NBA, NHL, MLB, MLS) operate according to similar rules. Changes within these systems today are primarily due to public demand. In some leagues (NFL, NHL, MLS,) there has been and continues to be an expansion of teams. In fact, all of these organizations today focus on competitions and in the international sports arena, although until recently the domestic market was more important for them. Due to the development of technology, the leadership of the leagues is increasingly focused on the e-sports market. They develop their own competition systems in a virtual environment and use the latest technologies in conducting and broadcasting real matches, bringing the viewer and the player closer. In Europe, organizations such as UEFA, FIBA/ULEB are also experimenting with changes in the number of teams (increasing in some and decreasing in other competitions) and the format of key tournaments. The professional sports organizations such as ITL/ATP and PGA also impresses with the number of tournaments today. In addition, these organizations are characterized by unique systems of competition, which were also formed as a reaction to external factors (economic, social, informational, etc.). Conclusions. The key factors of organizational efficiency of modern competition systems in professional sports are the level of economic development, technology and information spheres, the level of interest of the international community in kind of sport, the social position of leagues, and most importantly today - development in a pandemic condition.

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Pavlyuk, T. "GERMAN OPEN CHAMPIONSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITIVE BALLROOM DANCING." Innovative Solution in Modern Science 2, no. 38 (March 30, 2020): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.26886/2414-634x.2(38)2020.15.

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The evolution of the German Open Ballroom Dance Championships (The German Open Competitions) 1987-2020 was investigated. The dynamics of the program of the championship competition through the prism of the genesis of dance sport was examined and the stages of the formation of the sports and dance movement in Germany at the beginning of XIX were revealed. Based on the analysis of the transformation processes of the largest sports ballroom championship in the world, the main trends in the development of dance programs have been identified. The analytical, comparative-typological, systemic, typological-structural method, as well as the method of art and compositional analysis have been applied.Keywords: competitive ballroom dancing, dance sport, The German Open Competitions, competition program, development trends.

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Wagner, Fabio, Holger Preuss, and Thomas Könecke. "Measuring competitive intensity in sports leagues." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 10, no. 5 (June 24, 2020): 599–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-10-2019-0090.

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PurposeFor managers of sports leagues, it is crucial to produce an attractive competition. For that to happen, it is vital to consider that leagues frequently have more sub-competitions than “just” the championship. In European top football leagues, for instance, four sub-competitions are common (championship, qualification for Champions- or Europa League, avoiding relegation). This paper introduces a new method for measuring competitive intensity (CI) in round-robin sports leagues considering all relevant sub-competitions and applies it to Germany's Bundesliga.Design/methodology/approachThe newly developed model calculates a CI-Index for each sub-competition and the league as a whole. The application to the Bundesliga analyzes its viability and the development of the league's CI over the past 22 seasons.FindingsThe newly introduced CI-Indices prove to be a viable tool for evaluating a league's competitive intensity. The application to the Bundesliga shows that the seasonal CI dropped after 2009/10, which can mainly be attributed to a decline in the championship's CI.Practical implicationsThe results show that it is important to facilitate a high CI in each of Bundesliga's four sub-competitions. Efforts have to be made to ensure that especially the Europa League remains as attractive as possible for the participating teams and their fans because this sub-competition constantly makes the greatest contribution to the seasonal CI.Originality/valueThe new method measures competitive intensity by quantifying the different sub-competitions and their contribution to the seasonal CI. This allows the organizers of sports leagues to assess the intensity of the individual sub-competitions as well as the league as a whole.

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Yanya, Muhammadhusnee, Asyraf Ab. Rahman, Daud Ismail, and Abdulsoma Thoralim. "[Concept of Traditionial Sports Competition According to Al-Quran and Al-Sunnah in Southern Thailand] Konsep Pertandingan Sukan Tradisional Menurut Al-Quran dan Al-Sunnah di Selatan Thailand." Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 16, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2018.16.1.248.

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There are many types of sport competitions mentioned in the Quran and Hadith in which indicate that Islam has prescribed such competitions such as horse racing, running, camel, archery and wrestling. In Islam, any match prescribed aimed to train and prepare Muslims as part of war preparations. In Southern Thailand, there are many traditional sports competitions organized by the local community, especially the Malay Muslims community. This paper was carried out to identify the concept of competition in the Quran and Sunnah, the form of competition and the kind of traditional sports competitions that are permitted and banned in South Thailand. The method employed in this study is secondary data analysis based on books of tafsir, hadith and fiqh. The study found that traditional types of sports competitions which are permissible include any sport competition that does not bring harm or injury to individuals amongst the participants as well as the animals involved in the competition. Prize contest must be sponsored by a third party or parties who are not involved or engaged in the competition. Keywords: Competition, Traditional Sports, al-Quran, al-Sunnah. Pertandingan sukan banyak disebut dalam al-Quran dan Hadith yang menunjukkan ia telah disyariatkan oleh Islam antaranya seperti perlumbaan kuda, unta, memanah, larian dan gusti. Dalam Islam, pertandingan yang disyariatkan adalah untuk melatih diri Muslim sebagai persediaan dalam peperangan. Di Selatan Thailand, terdapat pelbagai pertandingan sukan tradisional yang dianjurkan oleh masyarakat setempat khususnya masyarakat Melayu Islam. Kertas ini membincang konsep pertandingan dalam perspektif al- Quran dan al-Sunnah, bentuk hadiah pertandingan dan jenis pertandingan sukan tradisional yang diharuskan dan diharamkan di Selatan Thailand. Pendekatan kajian yang digunakan adalah kajian kepustakaan dengan berpandukan kitab tafsir, hadis dan fiqah. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan tema-tema utama sesuai dengan objektif kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati jenis pertandingan sukan tradisional yang diharuskan adalah sukan yang tidak membawa kemudaratan atau kecederaan dalam kalangan peserta ataupun haiwan yang dipertandingkan. Hadiah pertandingan pula perlu ditaja oleh pihak ketiga atau pihak yang tidak terlibat dalam pertandingan. Kata kunci: Pertandingan, Sukan Tradisional, al-Quran, al-Sunnah.

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Dai, Wenfeng, Jiajia Shao, and Xiuli Zhang. "Research on the Design and Application of Sports Competition Ticketing Platform Based on Edge Computing." Complexity 2021 (August 23, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3682165.

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Nowadays, under the encouragement of national and sports competition related policies, sports industry is gradually rising. In this case, how to provide ticketing services conveniently, quickly, and accurately for sports spectators all over the country and the world and how to keep up with the times and improve traditional ticketing services are two major problems that need to be solved urgently by those who are in charge of sports events. When investigating the current traditional ticketing platform for sports competitions, it is not difficult to find that most ticketing services rely heavily on manual services. From ticket purchase to ticket checking, consumers have poor experience, there is a lot of waste of manpower and material resources, and scalpers easily sell high-priced tickets. In addition, the traditional ticket sales mode still uses old-fashioned paper tickets or cards, which are difficult to preserve, making it difficult to prevent counterfeiting and use and control information statistics. Data confusion leads to financial risks. The “paralysis” of the ticketing system of many large-scale sports competitions, especially super-large sports competitions, just proves the importance and necessity of reforming ticketing platform of sports competitions in order to keep pace with development. This paper will study a large-scale (or super-large), flexible, efficient, and excellent performance, which can meet the burst peak access requirements of sports competition ticketing platform. We will first consider the overall demand of the sports competition ticketing market, then make a general analysis according to the demand, design a sports competition ticketing platform that can effectively serve large-scale or super-large sports competitions, and raise and solve the problems encountered when building the platform.

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Radchenko, Yu, H. Korobeinykov, A. Chernozub, H. Danko, and L. Korobeinykova. "Analysis of Hand-to-Hand Combat, its Current State, Prospects for Development." Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ 18, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2018.1.03.

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The research objective is to study the current state of hand-to-hand combat and determine the prospects for its development. Materials and methods. The researchers studied the documents on organizing and holding the competitions that took place in 2014-2016, the number and quality of their participants, coaches, hand-to-hand combat referees. The researchers analyzed training programs and competition rules of the most popular combat sports, constituent documents of public associations engaged in hand-to-hand combat development, normative documents on physical training of law enforcement agencies, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and armies of the world’s leading countries. Results. Hand-to-hand combat is closely related to solving military tasks. Due to its ability to adapt to modern military requirements, it is included in military training programs of various law enforcement agencies, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and armies of many countries of the world. The sports type of hand-to-hand combat is the basis for shaping and improving professional and applied skills and has its peculiarities, namely combat (applied) sections included in its training program and competition rules. The analysis of regulatory documents of hand-to-hand combat competitions of different levels among adults held in Ukraine in 2014-2016 proved that the overwhelming majority of them, 65% (of the total number of competitions held among adults) are competitions among employees of various law enforcement agencies and servicepersons. The analysis of competition rules revealed the peculiarities of organizing and holding competitions in this sport, in particular the possibility to hold competitions demonstrating the techniques used in standard situations of a real combat with an enemy, with and without weapons. This provides an opportunity to control servicepersons’ and law enforcement officers’ proficiency level of the applied section. Conclusions. The modern hand-to-hand combat is a unique sport that combines sports and applied types. Due to its peculiarities, it is currently a significant part of combat and professional training of servicepersons and law enforcement officers.

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Panasiuk, O., O. Hrebik, and V. Dmytruk. "Selection and organization of educational training process in martial sports." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 12(158) (December 30, 2022): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.12(158).21.

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Modern research in the field of martial arts is aimed at building a training process that can increase the effectiveness of competitive activities in martial arts. The main purpose of sports training is to ensure a high level of health of athletes, mastering sports techniques, education of moral and volitional traits, development of physical qualities: strength, speed, agility, endurance and, on this basis, achieving high results in the chosen sport. This whole process should include the educational and training aspect of athletes of any physical training - from beginner to master of sports. All this creates a solid foundation for further training and an active position in the training of highly qualified fighters. Special training is aimed at mastering special skills and improving physical fitness for the chosen sport. During general and special training, the athlete increases his level of physical, technical, tactical and psychological training. General and special training is mainly carried out through use of physical exercises. There are several classifications of physical exercises: historical, biomechanical, by power zones, by predominant manifestation physical qualities. The theory and methodology of sports training is characterized by the following concepts such as: physical culture, sport, physical development, physical qualities, physical health, physical condition, physical capacity, physical preparedness, training activity, competitive activity, sports competition, sports training, training, preparedness, sports form. Sports training includes: training system, competition system, a system of factors that increase the effectiveness of training and competition activity. Sports competitions are the main link in the training system athletes They are aimed at the maximum realization of spiritual and physical capabilities of a person, a group of people. They have not only control of the level of preparedness, competitions are the most important a means of improving fitness and sportsmanship.

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Uyar, Yalcin, Ambra Gentile, Hamza Uyar, Övünç Erdeveciler, Hakan Sunay, Veronica Mîndrescu, Dino Mujkic, and Antonino Bianco. "Competition, Gender Equality, and Doping in Sports in the Red Queen Effect Perspective." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 2490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052490.

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The nature of sports is characterized by a strong competitive component that generates inequalities among athletes at different levels, specifically in relation to gender, technology, and doping. These inequalities can be represented according to the Red Queen effect perspective, which has been previously hypothesized in other competitive environments (evolutionary biology and economics, for instance). The Red Queen effect considers each competitive environment to require a constant effort to maintain a position of competitive advantage in order reach the best result possible. Therefore, the aim of the current paper is to provide an innovative perspective for the understanding of competition in sports, identifying factors (i.e., physical appearance for gender equality, socioeconomic status of a sport team for technology, and antidoping rules for doping) influencing athletes’ possibilities to win a competition. Concerning gender differences, the disparity between genders reflects a lower coverage in sports news, and media are more likely to focus on female athletes’ physical appearance than their performance in sports. Therefore, women struggle more with increasing their visibility and in affirming their status as an athlete. On the other hand, the introduction of science and technological innovations in sports has generated economic interests in sport competitions, which reached superior performance levels compared to the past. Teams that cannot afford financial burdens of technological innovation risk being left out from sport competitions. Finally, doping creates a Red Queen environment since antidoping rules catch a small portion of athletes using performance enhancement drugs.

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Đukić, Verica, and Nenad Živanović. "The Place and Role of Leisure Time Activities and School Competitions in Physical Education and their Relations to School Sport." Physical Education and Sport Through the Centuries 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/spes-2020-0004.

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SummaryTimeliness of this topic is not decreased by the fact that it was a subject of discussion on several symposiums from several aspects the authors opted for. This time, the starting point is the fact that physical education teachers, as a professionally responsible experts in physical education, are obliged to contribute to further discussion on following topics:• Professional understanding of the essence of conceptual and terminological determination of some organizational forms of work in physical education which are implemented as leisure activities and competitions and their relation to what is called school sport or sport activities in the school• Planned and organized orientation of leisure activities and competition functions towards implementation of the common physical education goal.• Compared to the current curricula or sport orientation, what is the scale of educational features of these forms (leisure activities and competitions), which trendier in the practice• To what extent is interest of teachers and students one of the assumptions for such organization of leisure activities and competitions to enable rational and efficient fulfilment of students’ leisure time.The First part of this paper presents the statues of leisure activities and competitions in current program concept of physical education in the schools, and aforementioned issues as a subject of professional public permanent interest. As school sport and relation with leisure activities and competition are concerned, some opinions of distinguished experts form higher education institutions were expressed, which were quoted in this paper supporting views of most pedagogists in the school system.Sports and school sport activities similarities and differences represented in the charts.The second part of the paper presents the results of two questionnaires where one is related to the institutional position of sports activities in the school, organization, type and competition system, as well as the rope and obligation of the teacher in implementation of the sports activities in the school. The other questionnaire presents the result of some of the educational values of the competition within the school sport.

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Кropyvnytska, Теtiana, Yevgeniy Imas, Olha Borysova, Kyrylo Krasnianskiy, Sergiy Matveev, Ievgen Goncharenko, Iryna Kohut, Viktoriia Marynych, and Alina Ulan. "Specifics of Organization of International Complex Competitions in Non-Olympic Sports." Sport Mont 19, S2 (September 1, 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26773/smj.210919.

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The specifics of organization of one of the largest projects in non-Olympic sports - the World Games, and novel competitions - the World Games SportAccord were considered. The main methods used were: the analysis of compe- titions reports, historical, systematic and comparative analysis, and an expert survey. As a result of the research there were: 1) developed the periodization of the World Games in the context of their organization (taking into account the activities of organizing committees, information, economic supply and staffing of these competitions; 2) summarized the features of complex competitions in non-Olympic sports (the World Games and the SportAccord World Games) in comparison with the Olympic Games, as well as the criteria for including sports in competition programs; 3) ground- ed the actual groups of problems of the organization of competitions; 4) confirmed the scientific data on the impact of current development trends of sports (professionalization, commercialization, globalization; emergence of new sports, their organizational structures and competitions; increase of the level of sporting achievements; the increas- ing role of the television and the Internet) on the organization of international complex competitions in non-Olympic sports .The obtained results of the research were implemented at the national level at the complex competitions in non-Olympic sports (the All-Ukrainian beach games, the All-Ukrainian martial arts games).

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Oleshko, V. G., Tаngxun Yang, O. P. Torokhtiy, and S. O. Putsoff. "Competitive Activity of Weightlifters at the XXXII Olympic Games 2020 in Tokyo: Results and Prospects." Health, sport, rehabilitation 7, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/hsr.2021.07.04.06.

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Purpose: to study the indicators of the competitive activity of the strongest weightlifters in the world at the Games of the XXXII Olympiad 2020 and to identify trends for further increasing their sports results, taking into account weight categories and gender differences. Material and methods. By studying scientific literature, Internet resources, competition protocols, pedagogical observations, video recordings of competitions, we analyzed the achievements of 140 weightlifters who took part in the Games of the XXXII Olympiad 2020 in Tokyo and the number of countries they represented. All indicators of competitive activity and age characteristics were grouped according to the following principle: among the top 10 weightlifters in each weight category, as well as separately among the prize-winners of competitions among men and women. Results. The sports results of the top 10 weightlifters of each weight category among men and women who took part in competitions, age characteristics, the rate of achievements in a sports career, the level of approaches implementation and international competition were analyzed. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the number of countries and licenses received by the athletes of these countries, world and Olympic records, the effectiveness of the performances of the world's leading weightlifters at the Olympic Games is shown. The optimal age for achieving the highest results, the age of the beginning of the sport for the prize-winners of the competition, the rate of achieving maximum results in a sports career, sports results, the level of implementation of competitive approaches, the rate of increase in achievements in competitive exercises, the value of starting results, the level of international competition in each weight category in men and women, the characteristics of the dynamics of the results of the most titled athletes during their sports career, who took part in the Olympic Games, are given.

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Mehti oğlu Abbasov, Hilal. "The concept of manipulation in sports competitions." ANCIENT LAND 03, no. 03 (May 29, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2706-6185/03/15-19.

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Knowing the negative effect of sports manipulation for the sport and society, as well as the problems that is facing the Macolin Convention in its ratification, I decided to do this research in order investigate the phenomenon of match-fixing, controversial issues about the online gambling and potential effect of ratifycation of the convention and its entry into force. I was totally surprised when I found out so many International business law issues are covered in this topic. The sports betting markets are similar to the stock market, where odds movement de- pends on the performance of the teams and players. The insider trading is similar to the match-fixing, where a pre-match information for the result is used in order to achieve a great profit. Memorandums of understanding between betting companies, sports governing bodies and public authorities are used to cover the lack of regulation in this area. In the same time there is a need of acceleration of negotiations for the ratification of the convention due to the spreading of the phenomenon of sports manipulation. Key words: major manipulations, harmful aspects, existing problems, legalizing sports gambling, ethics of sports

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Karimov, Abdusamat A. "SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ORGANIZATION OF SPORTS COMPETITIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 04 (April 1, 2022): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-04-61.

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The article provides clear information about the correct organization of football competitions in higher educational institutions, the correct execution of regulatory documents on the organization of competitions, the system of competitions and the importance of competitions.

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Pettersson, Stefan, Marianne Pipping Ekström, and Christina M. Berg. "Practices of Weight Regulation Among Elite Athletes in Combat Sports: A Matter of Mental Advantage?" Journal of Athletic Training 48, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.1.04.

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Context The combination of extensive weight loss and inadequate nutritional strategies used to lose weight rapidly for competition in weight-category sports may negatively affect athletic performance and health. Objective To explore the reasoning of elite combat-sport athletes about rapid weight loss and regaining of weight before competitions. Design Qualitative study. Setting With grounded theory as a theoretical framework, we employed a cross-examinational approach including interviews, observations, and Internet sources. Sports observations were obtained at competitions and statements by combat-sport athletes were collected on the Internet. Patients or Other Participants Participants in the interviews were 14 Swedish national team athletes (9 men, 5 women; age range, 18 to 36 years) in 3 Olympic combat sports (wrestling, judo, and taekwondo). Data Collection and Analysis Semistructured interviews with 14 athletes from the Swedish national teams in wrestling, judo, and taekwondo were conducted at a location of each participant's choice. The field observations were conducted at European competitions in these 3 sports. In addition, interviews and statements made by athletes in combat sports were collected on the Internet. Results Positive aspects of weight regulation other than gaining physical advantage emerged from the data during the analysis: sport identity, mental diversion, and mental advantage. Together and individually, these categories point toward the positive aspects of weight regulation experienced by the athletes. Practicing weight regulation mediates a self-image of being “a real athlete.” Weight regulation is also considered mentally important as a part of the precompetition preparation, serving as a coping strategy by creating a feeling of increased focus and commitment. Moreover, a mental advantage relative to one's opponents can be gained through the practice of weight regulation. Conclusions Weight regulation has mentally important functions extending beyond the common notion that combat-sport athletes reduce their weight merely to gain a physical edge over their opponents.

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Anisimov, Dmytro. "Actor of illegal influence on results of official sports competitions." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 1, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-1-233-237.

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In the article based on the analysis of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention of the Impact of Corruption Offenses on the Results of Official Sports Competitions" No. 743-VIII of November 03, 2015, the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Some Legislative Acts of Ukraine on the Implementation of the Liberalization Action Plan European Union Visa Regime for Ukraine concerning Liability of Legal Entities »No 314-VII of May 23, 2013, the subject of illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions was conducted. Publications in the media are a promising source of information in the detection of crimes in the field of physical culture and sports. The article investigated some of the available crime reports on the Internet, which suggest that the results of official sports events will be unlawfully affected. For the first time, the article proposes to provide for criminal-law measures against legal entities as the responsibility for unlawful influence on the results of official sports competitions. According to the results of the study, it is established that the subject of the crime under Part 1 and Part 2 of Art. 369-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine may be a general actor: a natural convicted person who, at the time of committing the crime, was sixteen years of age, and under Part 3 of Art. 369-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine – a special actor, namely: athlete - an individual who systematically engages in a certain type (s) of sport recognized in Ukraine and participates in sports events; Personnel of auxiliary sports personnel - any coach, mentor, manager, agent, team worker, team official, medical and other personnel who serve or treat athletes who participate or prepare for sports competitions; sports official - owner, shareholder, manager or employee of a legal entity that organizes and facilitates sports competitions, as well as persons authorized to hold official sports events, executives and employees of an international sports organization, other competent sports organizations that recognize the competition. In order to ensure the unity of terminology, it is proposed to exclude the word "directly" from Part 2 of Art. 6 of the Law of Ukraine “On Preventing the Impact of Corruption Offenses on the Results of Official Sports Competitions”. In a note to Art. 369-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, replace the word "subject" with "subjects", or separate part 3 of Art. 369-3 in a separate article to minimize confusion. Due to the fact that the legal influence on the results of official sports competitions can be made by legal entities, it is proposed to add Art. 369-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine to the list of articles for which according to Art. 96-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine may apply measures of a criminal nature.

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Litwic-Kaminska, Kamila. "Types of Cognitive Appraisal and Undertaken Coping Strategies during Sport Competitions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 6522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186522.

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The main aim of the research was to distinguish different types of sport competition appraisals and verify if athletes’ interpretation of a stressful situation changed their choice of coping methods. Athletes change their perception during competitions; thus, we assumed that configuration of different ways of interpreting stressful events is more important for coping than one particular appraisal. In total, 193 athletes filled out The Stress Appraisal Questionnaire and The Sport Stress-Coping Strategies Questionnaire to describe their stress appraisals and undertaken coping strategies during a remembered competition that took place within a month before the study. The athletes most often appraised stressful competitions as a challenge. They preferred the coping strategy of being determined to accomplish the established goal. The athletes hardly applied techniques that constituted the basis of mental training. The cluster analysis of the competitors determined three types of sport competition appraisals: positive, negative, and active. An ANOVA with post hoc comparisons showed that participants who revealed positive appraisals undertook the highest number of actions aimed at reaching goals and least frequently sought support. Athletes should be taught not only specific strategies for coping with stress, but also more frequent use of positive judgments of sports competitions.

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Szulc, Adam Michał, Javier Soto-Rey, Ildikó Balatoni, and Karol Karol Görner. "FINANCIAL, SOCIAL AND SPORTING ASPECTS OF DEAF SPORTS WORLDWIDE." Különleges Bánásmód - Interdiszciplináris folyóirat 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18458/kb.2021.3.71.

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There is a dynamic increase in the number of international sports competitions aimed at deaf athletes. More than 50 World and European championships are held every year in various sports disciplines. The participation and number of deaf athletes delegated to these sports competitions depend on the budget available to national sports federations (NSFs) of deaf athletes. Many times, NSFs have been forced to withdraw from participation in a competition owing to a lack of financial resources. In numerous countries, NSFs have to conduct online fundraising dedicated to their representatives’ involvement in sports competitions. The authors reviewed the source materials on the internet on financing the sport of the hearing impaired. No scientific articles covering the funding aspect of national sports federations in the world were found. The authors relied on financial documents provided by the NSF (Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Spain) and on websites indicated by these federations. The aim of the article was to characterize selected national organizations gathering deaf athletes from Europe, Asia and Oceania, and North America in terms of the budget they had at their disposal in years 2013–2017, the number of athletes associated in the NSF, and the number of Olympic competitors and the country’s medal position during the 2013 and 2017 Deaflympics. An overview of NSF websites with reference to “annual reports”, “financial reports”, “financial statements”, “newsletter”, “national teams of”, “number of athletes of”, demonstrated numerous deficiencies in the transparent presentation of the financial situation of NSFs. The content of NSF activity reports also provides limited information on the number of athletes and clubs associated in these federations. The article constitutes an introduction to a discussion on the financing aspects and development of deaf people’s sport worldwide.

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Kamchibekova, Zamira, and Albina Madaeva. "FEATURES OF THE USE OF COMPETITION IN THE LIFE OF STUDENTS." Alatoo Academic Studies 19, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2019.193.02.

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The article touches upon the topic of university sports. Namely, the form of the competition, the development of methods for their conduct. The question of integrating sports into the daily life of students in Asia and India and the use of language knowledge is considered. The competition is considered as personal education of students, their morality, culture of communication. It is proposed to hold competitions at various levels, international competitions with similar foreign universities.

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Takhavieva, F. V. "Injuries and diseases in top professional watersports athletes." Kazan medical journal 96, no. 2 (April 15, 2015): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2015-234.

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On the eve of the World Swimming Championship in 2015, which will be held in Russia, a review of literature analyzing injuries and diseases in top professional watersports athletes that may be acquired at competitions is presented. Modern professional sport is characterized by an intense training process, is highly competitive on the international level. Setting each new sports record becomes more and more complex. Top professional sport is associated with risk of injury, and the proper organization of biomedical support of training and competitive process is the key to reducing the incidence of injuries in sports. Literature review allowed making the following conclusions. Firstly, insufficient attention was paid to the registration of injuries in specific sports and their classification if occurred not only during competitions, but also during the training period. Secondly, during competitions the number of injuries increases in all watersports except synchronized swimming. Thirdly, the most traumatic sport is water polo, where most injuries occur during competitive activities. Fourthly, Watersports World Championships are associated with increased risk for diseases, although already implemented preventive measures reduced the incidence of infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Fifthly, there is a need for further thorough study of the injuries and diseases frequencies to create preventive and rehabilitation measures in athletes involved in water sports. Thus, injuries and diseases are a significant risk for the health of athletes involved in water sports. All medical professionals involved in providing medical aid at the sporting competitions should know the specific features of injuries and diseases common for the certain sporting competitions, and develop the preventive measures.

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Islamov, Islomkhoja Azimkhojaevich. "FUNDAMENTALS OF PROMOTION OF SPORTS AND COMPETITIONS AND PHYSICAL TRAINING AMONG SCHOOL STUDENTS." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 02, no. 06 (June 24, 2021): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/pedagogy-crjp-02-06-17.

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The article analyzes the importance of sports training, competition regulations, the preparation of regulations, compliance with medical hygiene and safety requirements in the preparation of competition venues, coverage of competitions, medical care and the importance of physical education in student development.

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Zhang, Shubing. "Construction of Sports Recognition System Based on Sports Visual Image Technology under the Background of Information Technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2066, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2066/1/012065.

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Abstract With the development of the times, sports competitions are sought after and favored by more and more people, and the judgment of athletes in the competition is becoming more and more strict and standardized. The further development of Internet technology and information technology has provided great convenience for the effective recognition of athletes’ movements in sports competitions. This article aims to study the background of information technology, through the use of sports visual image technology to design and construct an action recognition system, in order to efficiently and accurately identify and judge the various movements of sports competitions, thereby effectively reducing various manpower and the cost of material resources, while improving the accuracy of the competition results. In the experiment, this article invites 100 volunteers to participate in the system’s behavioral test recognition. The volunteers’ simple exercises such as jumping, raising hands, kicking, turning and squatting are tested, and the result is the exercise designed in this article. The recognition system is able to recognize five sets of actions in the experiment, among which jumping is 97.66%, kicking is 98.13%, squatting is 97.62%, raising hand is 95.24%, and turning is 96.43%. Research shows that the motion recognition system based on sports visual image technology designed and constructed in this paper has high motion recognition accuracy and can recognize athletes’ movements scientifically and effectively.

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Wieczorek, Marta, Wojciech Wiliński, and Aleksandra Sadziak. "Athletic identity of individuals participating in Special Olympics as exemplified by swimmers – pilot study." Advances in Rehabilitation 31, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rehab-2015-0070.

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Abstract Introduction: Special Olympics is an association whose main objective is to organise training and sports competitions for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Each of these individuals manifests certain identification with the sport they do. It is called sports identity and is the subject of interest in this study. The cognitive aim of the study was to determine the intensity which is measured by the level of agreement with the sports identity in the selected group of athletes participating in Special Olympics. In turn, the practical purpose of the work was to indicate the possibilities of applying a modified research tool with regard to individuals with intellectual disabilities and to spread the knowledge about people with intellectual disabilities. Material and methods:The study was conducted on the participants of the 8thLower Silesian Special Olympics Swimming Competition in 2015. A diagnostic poll was applied as a research method and aninterview technique was used. Brewer’s Modified Athletic Identity Measurement Scale was a research tool utilised in the study. Results:Aspects of athletic identity revealed that the majority of Special Olympics participants believed that they were professional athletes and were planning to continue participating in this type of Olympic movement. Their closest friends were also professional athletes. For half of the study participants sport was the most significant part of their life, while a sports failure did not change their disposition. Conclusions:The participants of Special Olympics manifest a high level of athletic identity, which is proven, inter alia, by the fact that sport is one of the most important parts of their lives. For individuals with intellectual disabilities, participation in sports competitions and training sessions organised by Special Olympics is more significant than winning in sports competition

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Li Wang, Kai, and Kai Chun Wang. "A Study on Sports Data Matching for Virtual Competitions." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity 6, no. 9 (September 2016): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijssh.2016.v6.736.

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KRAVCHENKO, I., L. FESENKO, and R. KRAVCHENKO. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES OF SPORTS ACTIVITY OF WATER SPORTS ATHLETES." ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, no. 29 (September 10, 2022): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2022.29.264288.

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Maintaining and improving the health of the population has always been one of the key issues in society. Today, young people choose a healthy lifestyle and play sports. Sport is one of the typical social models of a person's life struggle for his own place in society, an arena for self-affirmation and public demonstration of one's own active life position. The high level of sporting achievements and competition in water sports makes a number of demands on the physical and mental capabilities of the athlete. The modern development of the system of psychological and pedagogical support for the training of water sports athletes requires clarification of the essence, content and structure of sports activities.The article reflects the psychological features of the activities of athletes in water sports: outlines the nature of the interaction of athletes with sports entities; it is provided that the combined-individual nature of the interaction of swimmers during competitions is provided by the dominant monofrontal mental activity of athletes.

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Skalik, Michał. "Women’s team sports in the activities of the University Sports Association in Poland in 1945–1989." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 3, no. 2 (2020): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2020.03.11.

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The emergence of women’s team sports in University Sports Association (Akademicki Związek Sportowy – AZS) in Poland took place in the second decade of the 20th century. In the 1930s female student teams competed in Polish championships in Czech handball, basketball and volleyball. After the Second World War, team games continued to be popularized in the academic community. Women participated in university, inter-university and international competitions in basketball, handball and volleyball. A competition had the greatest popularity in of the Academic Polish Championship and the Polish Championship of Higher Education Institutions. In addition, sports teams representing AZS participated in professional sports in basketball, football, field hockey, handball and volleyball. In the professional sport most successes had teams AZS Warsaw, AZS Wrocław, AZS Katowice and AZS Poznań. The development of team sports games in the academic community was related to, among others with the decisions of institutions managing physical culture in Poland in 1945–1989. These guidelines had an impact on organizational changes in the structures of AZS and on shaping the academic model of sports competition.

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Adamchuk, Vadym, Natalia Shchepotina, Viktor Kostiukevych, Oksana Shynkaruk, Olena Mitova, Tetiana Didyk, Svitlana Dmytrenko, and Iryna Kulchytska. "Developing an Algorithm for Building Individual Training Programs for Highly Qualified Multi-Sport Athletes at the Stage of Direct Preparation for Winter Season Competitions." Physical Education Theory and Methodology 22, no. 4 (December 23, 2022): 500–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.07.

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The purpose of the study was to develop and experimentally justify the effectiveness of the algorithm for building individual training programs for highly qualified multi-sport athletes at the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions of the winter season. Materials and methods. Five highly qualified multi-sport athletes, whose sports qualification is the Master of Sports of Ukraine, took part in the pedagogical experiment. The mean age of the participants was (M±SD) 25.2±1.79 years. The main goal of the formative stage of the experiment (2020-2021) was to develop programs for the structural units of the training process (training classes, microcycles, mesocycles, and the stage of direct preparation for the main competitions) based on the developed algorithm for building individual programs. We have developed six consecutive steps for the purpose of achieving full preparation of athletes for major competitions. Results. The implementation of an individual program at the stage of direct preparation for winter season competitions is effective and enables qualified multi-sport athletes to reach the peak of their sports form during participation in the competitions of the Ukrainian indoor heptathlon championship. This is evidenced by the achieved statistically significant differences (р<0.05) in all indicators of physical and functional fitness compared to the ascertainment stage of the experiment. The increase in indicators was 2.8–4.4 % in the running tests, 4.0–4.2 % in the tests reflecting speed and strength abilities, 6.6 % in the strength control exercise. We note a statistically significant (p<0.05) positive increase during the formative stage in the indicators of physical performance of multi-sport athletes within the range of 5.8–6.0 % and in the indicators of aerobic productivity within the range of 4.4–4.5 %. Conclusions. The use of the algorithm for building an individual program of preparation for competitions of highly qualified multi-sport athletes orients the coach and athlete towards achieving the desired sports result in the shortest way with economical and rational use of training equipment at the most difficult and responsible stage of direct preparation for the main competitions. Compliance with the stated provisions of the algorithm made it possible to rationally plan and choose the best option for building the training process.

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Xu, Jin. "Prediction and Planning of Sports Competition Based on Deep Neural Network." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (June 8, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1906580.

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Physical education curriculum has been paid more and more attention by teachers and parents, and having a healthy body is the foundation. School sports competition is also more and more concerned by major researchers, and scholars have produced in-depth research and analysis of sports competition results prediction because prediction results can better let teachers carry out appropriate sports training for students, so as to achieve the best learning effect. The construction of the prediction model and whether the performance and universality of the model after construction are suitable for predicting sports competitions have also become a major research point. Deep neural network is a complex network method to analyze the structure of the human brain, which plays a core role in the field of sports planning and performance prediction and can know the future performance of athletes or students in advance in sports competitions. This paper establishes the autoregressive summation model prediction model, the complex neural network prediction model, and the improved complex neural network prediction model. It is concluded that only the improved BP neural network model has a remarkable effect on performance prediction, and the prediction value obtained by this prediction model can reduce the systematic error of prediction, so that it can better infer the performance prediction of sports competitions in China and plan which sports events are suitable for which prediction model.

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Petrova, Alona. "THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF SPORTS TOURISM IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS." Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, no. 194 (June 2021): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2021-1-194-218-221.

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The popularity of sports tourism among other types of leisure is growing every year as a result of promoting a healthy and active lifestyle, finding ways to motivate, self-development and challenge yourself to overcome internal fears and physical obstacles. Today there are no generally accepted common interpretations of the concepts of sports and sports and health tourism, which is the relevance of our study. There were active discussions among scientists around the world on the formation of the concept of sports tourism. Currently, sports tourism is considered in three aspects. Active sports tourism is a trip for the purpose of direct participation of tourists in sports competitions, and the tourist component plays a secondary role as an additional service. Event (passive) sports tourism is the passive participation of tourists in sports competitions as fans or observers. Cognitive sports tourism, the purpose of which is to visit excursions to sports museums, stadiums, thematic accommodation and catering establishments. Ukrainian and Russian scientists, in particular I. Zorin, V. Kvartalnov, O. Kolotukha, A. Konokh, propagate the idea that sports tourism is a separate sport, which is based on competitions on tourist routes laid in the natural environment and includes overcoming various natural obstacles with the use of special techniques and equipment. However, in the process of internationalization and globalization of tourism education it is very important to find a common ground on the educational component of training specialists in sports tourism and to form an optimal definition in three dimensions: sport, tourism and academic discipline. During our research it was found out that the training of specialists should be carried out in one of three areas: training of specialists (instructors) in sports tourism; training of sports and tourism guides; training of organizers of sports events in the context of event tourism. Currently, the direction of training specialists in the organization of sports events in the format of event tourism remains insufficiently studied in our country. Sports tourism is an integral part of global tourism and now there are two different interpretations of this concept, which are actively discussed in the scientific world: 1) sports tourism as a tourist trip to the destination to participate in sports competitions in any sport; 2) sports tourism as a separate kind of sport. In the perspective of research, the following unresolved issues still remain: the introduction of integration educational processes between the sports event industry and the ability to form tourism products in the relevant field.

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Chobotko, Marharyta, Ihor Chobotko, Vlаdyslаv Lаstovkin, and Viktor Schаstlyvеts. "EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCES OF JUDOISTS (CADETS) OF ONE WEIGHT CATEGORY AT COMPETITIONS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS FOR FIVE YEARS." Grail of Science, no. 12-13 (June 2, 2022): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.29.04.2022.122.

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The results of performances in competitions of different ranks of judokas in the weight category up to 55 kg for five years were analyzed. The analysis of competition protocols was carried out in order to determine the scope and effectiveness of competitive activities, to determine the all-Ukrainian and world ranking of athletes, to determine the strongest athletes in judo, sports results. The protocols of: Ukrainian championships were analyzed; Cups of Ukraine; European Championships; World Championships; European Cups and Grand Slam Helmet for 2017-2021 years.The results of the performances of 51 athletes who competed since 2017 (CHU-18) in the weight category of 55 kg and took part in 65 competitions, including 22 competitions of championships and Cups of Ukraine and 43 competitions of international championships and European Cups during his sports career. According to the results of the performances, the following indicators of judokas were analyzed according to their performances at competitions: results of judokas' performances at competitions of different ranks in Ukraine; results of judokas' performances at competitions abroad; the number of judokas who continued their careers in cadet, junior, youth, and adulthood separately; transition of judokas to other weight categories; increase the sports title over the years. In 5 years, more than half of judokas (70.6%) have completed their sports careers. To date, 15 out of 51 judokas continue to perform in competitions of various ranks. The ratio of judokas who took part in competitions and judokas who became prize-winners and winners tends to improve over the years. For 5 years 14 judokas competed abroad in various competitions, in 2017 - 8 athletes (1 prize-winner - 12.5%), in 2018 - 13 judokas (2 prize-winners - 15.4%), in 2019 - 7 athletes from them (2 prize-winners - 28.6%), 2020 - 1 judoka and (1 prize-winner - 100%), 2021 - 4 judokas of them (1 prize-winner - 25%).

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SOVA, Andrii. "UNKNOWN LVIV ARCHIVES' DOCUMENTS ON THE ACTIVITIES OF ROMAN SHUKHEVYCH AT THE UKRAINIAN STUDENT SPORTS CLUB." Contemporary era 6 (2018): 212–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2018-6-212-242.

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The author, for the first time, publishes documents from the State Archives of Lviv Region and the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv (CDIAL of Ukraine) concerning Roman Shukhevych's activities at the Ukrainian Student Sports Club (USSC) in Lviv during March 1931 - March 1934. It significantly supplements the biography of a leading figure of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and the future Commander-in-Chief of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). Besides studying at Lviv Polytechnic and illegal activities in the OUN, Roman Shukhevych was actively involved in the USSC. The documents reveal his sporting achievements: he repeatedly took part in swimming competitions. For example, on September 6, 1931, he set a record for swimming in the 4x50 m freestyle among Ukrainian athletes in Galicia together with Mykhailo Polishchuk, Volodymyr Slipko, and Yurii Shukhevych. Much attention is given to the activity of R. Shukhevych as an organizational functionary, in particular as a Deputy Chairman of the USSC sports section, as well as a referee in swimming and athletics competitions. The published documents also clarify the life of Roman Shukhevych's brother Yurii, who was also an athlete and a member of the USSC (frequently participated in swimming competitions, set records in this sport) and other Ukrainian nationalists who did sports during this period, including Stepan Bandera, Dmytro Hrytsai, Oleksa Gasyn, Edvard Zharskyi, Yevhen Polotniuk, Ivan Seniv. Keywords Keywords: Roman Shukhevych, Lviv, Ukrainian Student Sports Club, sport, sports competitions, swimming, athletics, refereeing.

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Elman oğlu Həsənli, Elcan. "Understanding, significance and legal methods of solution of disputes related to sports." ANCIENT LAND 03, no. 04 (June 30, 2021): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2706-6185/03/8-14.

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Sports has become an increasingly important and professionalized sector in our age. The increase in the number of professional and amateur athletes as well as sports organizations in the historical process has brought about an increase in the number of national and international competitions. Parallel to this development, conflicts related to sports have also increased and these conflicts have to be resolved in accordance with the sport's own body. Indeed, settling the disputes that arise especially in international competitions as soon as possible will affect the fate of the competitions. However, the existence of many organizations operating in this field and the inconsistencies that emerged between their decisions and practices increased the need for uniformity in this area. As a judicial authority to meet this need, CAS has undertaken this job. Although the CAS has not closed its door to other alternative dispute resolution methods, it has come to the fore especially with the advantages it provides arbitration. CAS has fulfilled its duty to settle the disputes arising from sports law in a swift and fair manner with the decisions it has made so far. Keywords: Sports law, sports-related disputes, mediation, sports arbitration, CAS

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Wang, W., and Yang Tang Xun. "Difference in physical training between different athletics competitions." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 12(120) (December 25, 2019): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2019.12(120)19.06.

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The article analyses differences in physical training between different athletics competitions. The content of the year-long training of athletes is disclosed. It is noted that the experience of the world sports practice confirms the need to orient the sports training system to achieve high results in the main competitions with strictly differentiated competitive activity, where different competitions are considered as preparatory, control and used as a means of preparation. It is determined that planning of annual preparation provides orientation on final results formed in the form of a goal - achievement of the specified sports result at Olympic Games (three-cycle model), as well as achievement of the specified sports results at the World Cups and during other competitions (four-cycle model). At the same time it is advisable to plan annual preparation on the basis of several independent structural components, all elements of which are united by a common task - achievement of the state of the highest readiness of the athlete, which would ensure successful performance in the main competitions. Physical training between competitions provides for exercises, which in athletics are divided into three groups. One of them - general development exercises intended for comprehensive physical development primarily of beginners and poorly trained athletes. Besides general development exercises increase mobility of joints and improve ability of the athlete to coordinate the movements. These exercises are also used to correct defects in body structure and physical development. With regard to special exercises, it should be noted that any exercise involving one or more competition elements in the inter-competition period, meeting competitive requirements both in terms of external nature of performance and in terms of energy supply mechanisms (aerobic and anaerobic), can be considered as specially preparatory.

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Diaconu, M., S. Kuwelkar, and A. Kuhn. "The court of arbitration for sport jurisprudence on match-fixing: a legal update." International Sports Law Journal 21, no. 1-2 (March 17, 2021): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40318-021-00181-3.

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AbstractThe Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) jurisprudence on manipulation of sports competitions has vastly evolved from its initial award in RSC Anderlecht in 1998, to now Labuts in August 2020. Alongside, international and national regulations, as well as sporting regulations, including, most recently, the Council of Europe’s Macolin Convention on the Manipulation of Sports Competitions, have sought to effectively tackle the omnipresent, ever-growing phenomenon of competition manipulation. Against this backdrop, this article briefly outlines the existing legal landscape on manipulation, followed by a chronological detailing of each CAS issued award. The key aspects of defining such sanctionable behaviour, select issues of standard of proof and types of evidence which are admissible and relied on, as well as the manner and quantum of sanction are then analysed. Ultimately, noting empirical trends across these awards, questions on ne bis in idem, proportionality of sanctions and legal certainty across CAS jurisprudence are raised.

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Oršolić, Mario, Petar Barbaros, and Dario Novak. "Talent in sports is never enough." Collegium antropologicum 45, no. 1 (2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5671/ca.45.1.6.

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Sports development of young and talented athletes is a very dynamic process which includes an ample range of challenges and obstacles. The aim of this research is a qualitative analysis of experiences of tennis players’ with a lower-range of efficiency as senior players. The attempt was to identify those factors that prevented efficiency in senior competitions for tennis players who achieved excellent results in junior competitions. A particular emphasis was directed towards three domains which were presented as key factors for a successful athletic career in previous research (specialisation in the chosen sport, environmental impact on sports development and negative life events/circumstances). A series of polystructural interviews with tennis players in senior competitions were conducted (N = 10). The obtained data indicate several factors with a negative impact on the successful development of young and talented tennis players, as follows: premature specialisation, insufficient commitment to the training process, lack of adequate support by the parents and coach, failure to make proper and timely decisions regarding one’s own sports development, injuries and insufficient financial means. The identification of key factors in the sports development of young athletes can be of crucial relevance for quality guidance and direction in sports careers of talented athletes.

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Khimenes, Khrystyna, and Oleksandr Edeliev. "Globalization of the social practice of professional sports in the current conditions of development." Sports games 3(25), no. 3(25) (June 1, 2022): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/si.2022-1.13.

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Анотація:

. Introduction. Today, the globalization of various spheres of human functioning (economy, politics, etc.) is one of the society trends. Sport as a social practice is also intensively globalized, and this is most clearly seen in the example of professional sport. In this area, today the laws of development (commercial, sports, etc.) are spreading to Olympic and non-Olympic sports, and more globally – the level of professional sport affects the economic development of entire countries and, in many respects – the formation of society. Purpose: to characterize the specifics of globalization of social practice «professional sport» in modern conditions of development. Material and methods. The study was based on the processing of modern scientific articles on the development of professional sport in its various aspects, as well as popular science sources of information and materials on the official websites of leading professional sport organizations. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, historical method, system approach, comparison. Results. Today, the globalization of professional sport is taking place in the following areas: expanding cooperation with media corporations and sponsors; internationalization and commercialization (increase in the number of organizations that oversee various sports and, accordingly, the number of profitable competitions); maximum use of Internet technologies for the promotion of sport products and the development of e-sports within professional sport leagues; increase match attendance by ensuring effective marketing policies; expanding cooperation with the authorities at the state and local levels on mutually beneficial terms; bringing championships beyond national borders (typical of the North American model of professional sport, as for the European throughout the history of its development the emphasis has been and remains on the leading importance of international competitions), etc. Conclusions. Today, due to the processes of society globalization, which actively influence the field of professional sport, this social practice undergoes internal globalization, which can be traced both in purely sport (expanding the calendar of competitions, going beyond national championships, etc.) and commercial areas (expanding cooperation with sponsors, media companies, etc.), technological (introduction of modern technologies, launching a series of cyber competitions, etc.) political (expanding cooperation with state and local authorities), and etc. directions.

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A.R., Beknazarov. "ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF RELIABILITY IN SPORTS GAMES." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 02, no. 08 (August 31, 2021): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-08-17.

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In this article highlighted about that improving the reliability of playing actions in competitions is one of the most important problems in the training of highly qualified athletes. Many authors consider that the reliability criterion in a sport activity is the accuracy of the motor action fulfillment. It is expected that constant monitoring of the functional state, physical qualities and technical and tactical training of athletes will allow achieving effective results in the course of sports competitions.

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Alfejeva, Jeļena. "Sporta jēdziens un tā attiecināšana uz prāta spēlēm." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 2, no. 11 (2018): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.11.2018.2.81-89.

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Tiesību doktore Jeļena Alfejeva skata jaunu tēmu – sporta jēdziena izpratni un tā attiecināšanu uz prāta spēlēm. Autore secina, ka sports ir visu veidu individuālas vai organizētas aktivitātes fiziskās un garīgās veselības saglabāšanai un uzlabošanai un saistīts ar panākumu gūšanu sporta sacensībās. J. Alfejeva uzsver, ka minētā jēdziena izpratne nav viennozīmīga. Doctor of law Jeļena Alfejeva addresses a new topic – understanding the definition of “sport” and its extension to mind games. The author concludes that sport can be understood as diverse individual and group activities with the aim to maintain and improve one’s physical and mental health, and it also aims to gain success in sport competitions. J. Alfejeva stresses that the term is rather ambiguous.

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40

Li, Yu. "A Recognition Method of Athletes’ Mental State in Sports Training Based on Support Vector Machine Model." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2022 (June 21, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1566664.

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Athletes participate in competitive competitions, and the ultimate goal is to better display their personal competitive level in the competition so as to achieve the goal of defeating their opponents and winning the competition. In all types of competitions, most matches are instantaneous, and opportunities are fleeting. The instantaneous nature and fierce competition of sports competitions require athletes who participate in sports competitions to have a high psychological quality. It can be seen that the quality of the mental state directly determines the performance of the athletes in usual training and competition. In the process of sports, if athletes can obtain real-time changes in their mental states when they encounter various situations, they can formulate more targeted and effective training or competition strategies according to the athletes’ states. For the opponent, by analyzing the opponent’s psychological state during exercise, the game strategy can be adjusted in real time in a targeted manner, and the probability of winning the game can be provided. Based on this background, this paper proposes to use support vector machine (SVM) to identify the mental state of athletes during exercise. This paper first collects the data of body movements and facial expressions of athletes during training or competition. Use multimodal data to train an SVM model. Output the emotional state of athletes at different stages based on test data. In order to verify the applicability of the method in this paper to the athlete subjects, several comparative models were used in the experiment to verify the performance of the used models. The experimental results show that the accuracy rate of emotion recognition obtained by this method is more than 80%. This shows that the research in this paper has certain application value.

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41

Yu.A., Hrabovskyi, and Horodynska I.V. "PECULIARITIES OF MOTIVATION OF YOUNG ATHLETES TO VARIETIES OF SPORTS TOURISM." Collection of Research Papers Pedagogical sciences, no. 91 (January 11, 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2413-1865/2020-91-4.

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The article considers the peculiarities of motivation of young tourists to engage in a variety of sports tourism. The low level of physical activity of youth stipulates the search for forms of involvement of children in various types of physical culture and sports. Teachers’ motives for classes have a significant impact on the improvement of physical culture and sports work and increase its effectiveness. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, it is defined that sports tourism develops in two interrelated but independent areas: the sports trips and the competitions in tourism. Sports trips are carried out in accordance with regulations. As most researchers note, such activities have a great potential in the upbringing and development of children. Competitions in sports tourism involve a unified comparison of skills and abilities to overcome natural (or artificial) obstacles passing distances of a certain complexity. It has recently been observed that young tourists, under the guidance of a teacher, specialize in a particular area of sports tourism, that in its turn means preparation and participation in competitions in tourism, or just prepare and take sports trips. The purpose of the article: to identify the characteristics of motivation of young tourists to engage in a variety of sports tourism. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, it is defined that the motivation to engage in various types of sports tourism depends on age, gender, type of higher nervous activity, experience of sports tourism. Children often prefer motives: enjoyment of activities, pleasant pastime, gaining of new knowledge, skills and abilities, development of physical qualities and also strengthening of health. Using the method of questionnaires, it is defined that the priorities of the motives of young tourists depend on the direction of sports tourism. The data confirmed the conclusions of scientists on the priority of motives, but young tourists, whose main activity is going camping, hiking, taking sport trips prefer the motive of aesthetic pleasure and thrills, whereas participants of sports competitions in tourism highlight the motive of physical perfection. In addition, the motives for communication, cognition, gaining of useful skills and knowledge are essential for the campers, while the participants of the competitions are in need of approval and increasing prestige of individual. In order to form a harmonious personality, the leaders of tourist clubs need to use different directions of sports tourism organizing classes.Key words: camping, hiking, competitions in sports tourism, young athletes of tourism, motive for classes.

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42

Yu.A., Hrabovskyi, and Horodynska I.V. "PECULIARITIES OF MOTIVATION OF YOUNG ATHLETES TO VARIETIES OF SPORTS TOURISM." Collection of Research Papers Pedagogical sciences, no. 91 (January 11, 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2413-1865/2020-91-4.

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Анотація:

The article considers the peculiarities of motivation of young tourists to engage in a variety of sports tourism. The low level of physical activity of youth stipulates the search for forms of involvement of children in various types of physical culture and sports. Teachers’ motives for classes have a significant impact on the improvement of physical culture and sports work and increase its effectiveness. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, it is defined that sports tourism develops in two interrelated but independent areas: the sports trips and the competitions in tourism. Sports trips are carried out in accordance with regulations. As most researchers note, such activities have a great potential in the upbringing and development of children. Competitions in sports tourism involve a unified comparison of skills and abilities to overcome natural (or artificial) obstacles passing distances of a certain complexity. It has recently been observed that young tourists, under the guidance of a teacher, specialize in a particular area of sports tourism, that in its turn means preparation and participation in competitions in tourism, or just prepare and take sports trips. The purpose of the article: to identify the characteristics of motivation of young tourists to engage in a variety of sports tourism. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, it is defined that the motivation to engage in various types of sports tourism depends on age, gender, type of higher nervous activity, experience of sports tourism. Children often prefer motives: enjoyment of activities, pleasant pastime, gaining of new knowledge, skills and abilities, development of physical qualities and also strengthening of health. Using the method of questionnaires, it is defined that the priorities of the motives of young tourists depend on the direction of sports tourism. The data confirmed the conclusions of scientists on the priority of motives, but young tourists, whose main activity is going camping, hiking, taking sport trips prefer the motive of aesthetic pleasure and thrills, whereas participants of sports competitions in tourism highlight the motive of physical perfection. In addition, the motives for communication, cognition, gaining of useful skills and knowledge are essential for the campers, while the participants of the competitions are in need of approval and increasing prestige of individual. In order to form a harmonious personality, the leaders of tourist clubs need to use different directions of sports tourism organizing classes.Key words: camping, hiking, competitions in sports tourism, young athletes of tourism, motive for classes.

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43

Petruk, A., S. Romanchuk, I. Tychyna, A. Oderov, V. Baidala, and I. Pylypchak. "Experience of scientific support of the training of athletes in foreign countries." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 8(153) (August 30, 2022): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.8(153).15.

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This paper describes main sports institutions of the world which provide scientific maintenance of training and competitions for elite athletes: English Institute for Sport, Manchester; School of Sport,Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University; Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaft; Institut für Angewandte Trainingswissenschaft; United States Olympic Training Centers; Sports Science Institute of North Africa, Newlands; Australian institute of Sport. Structures of sports science center has been studied, as well as main directions of their activity, links with governmental institutes, other scientific institutions, sports federations and so on.

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44

Lu, Yao, Hao Chen, and Hongqiao Yan. "E-Sports Competition Analysis Based on Intelligent Analysis System." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (July 8, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4855550.

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To improve the analysis effect of e-sports competitions, this paper studies the intelligent analysis methods of e-sports, compares the advantages and disadvantages of various multi-classification methods, and innovatively designs a two-layer SVM classifier structure for four types of motor imagery EEG signals. Moreover, this paper uses the competition data set to test the classification accuracy of the designed double-layer SVM classifier structure and compares it with the DAG-SVM multi-classification method. The research results show that the e-sports competition analysis system based on the intelligent analysis system proposed in this paper has a good e-sports competition analysis effect, and has a good effect in e-sports competition prediction.

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45

Moiseeva, Lyudmila, and Alexander Piratinsky. "Formation and development of international rock climbing among athletes with disabilities (2006-2020)." BIO Web of Conferences 26 (2020): 00028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202600028.

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The “Classification of disability categories in rock climbing” was developed together with scientists from the University of Perugia (Italy). This classification is successfully used to date. The article defines and lists the categories of young people’s disability that allow them to participate in climbing competitions. Selection and equipment of tracks for training and competitions. Providing security and insurance for different categories of disability. Medical support of sports events. Optimization of the competition program and regulations. Organization of educational and training process for different categories of young people’s disability participating in rock climbing sports events.

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Adegbesan, Olufemi A., James Matthews, Mary N Pindar, and Celina M Adewunmi. "The Sleep Behaviour of Students’ Athletes in the Nights Prior to Competition." International Journal of Psychological Studies 12, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v12n1p24.

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The prevalence of sleep disturbance in athletes’ in the nights prior to important competitions or games is a worrisome phenomenon. Sixty-one athletes from an Irish university with age range of 19- 26 years were asked about their sleep habits in the nights prior to important competitions using the ‘Competitive Sport Sleep’’, questionnaire with a descriptive research design approach. Results indicated that (85%) of athletes had experienced poor sleep in the nights prior to a sports event. The causes of sleep disturbance were attributed as being more internal than external, with reasons such as nervousness and thoughts about competition particularly prevalent.

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47

Ibrakhimov, S. "Bases of Three-Stage Sports Competitions." Advanced Science Journal 2014, no. 5 (April 14, 2014): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15550/asj.2014.05.040.

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48

Urban, Timothy L., and Robert A. Russell. "Scheduling sports competitions on multiple venues." European Journal of Operational Research 148, no. 2 (July 2003): 302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(02)00686-0.

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49

Nicolas, Michel, Patrick Gaudreau, and Véronique Franche. "Perception of Coaching Behaviors, Coping, and Achievement in a Sport Competition." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 33, no. 3 (June 2011): 460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.33.3.460.

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This study examined the relationship between perceived coaching behaviors, coping strategies during a sport competition, and sport achievement. A prospective design was used in which 80 athletes from individual sports completed measures of perceived coaching behaviors two days before a competition (Time 1) and measures of coping and sport achievement within three hours after a sport competition (Time 2). As expected, results of multiple regressions indicated that supportive coaching was a positive predictor of task-oriented coping and sport achievement whereas unsupportive coaching was a positive predictor of disengagement-oriented coping. Both types of coping were significantly associated with sport achievement. Task-oriented coping was a significant partial mediator in the relation between supportive coaching and sport achievement. This study, which contributes to both the coaching and coping literatures, highlights the role of supportive coaching behaviors in the initiation of effective stress management during sport competitions.

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Ildarovna Zakirova, Milyausha, Elena Alexandrovna Rybkina, and Denis Sergeevich Balzamov. "Competition as a Tool for Resource Allocation." Nexo Revista Científica 33, no. 02 (December 31, 2020): 597–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/nexo.v33i02.10795.

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The article explores the definition of «competition» through an analysis of existing interpretations in the scientific literature. The authors reviewed and creatively revised more than 15 existing author's interpretations of this concept. The current approaches to the classification of competitions are systematized and creatively revised. On the example of a comparative table of classification approaches, the main classification features of competitions are revealed. The appropriateness of applying the concept of «competition» in children's, school and student competitions, as well as the concept of «open competition» used in the procurement of goods, works, services to meet state and municipal needs, is considered. As a result, the revealed signs of the competition allow us to conclude the appropriateness of using this concept as a tool for the distribution of material goods. In this case, they differ only in the scale of this distribution. The article also explores the list of olympiads and other intellectual and (or) creative contests, events aimed at developing intellectual and creative abilities, abilities to engage in physical education and sports, interest in scientific (research), engineering, inventive, creative, physical culture and sports activities, as well as the promotion of scientific knowledge, creative and sports achievements, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. As a result, the target audience of participants for whom contests are initiated has been identified.

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