Дисертації з теми "Sport and society"
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1
Driessen, Tim. "Sport for Peace : exploring the contribution of sport to cohabitation in a divided society." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445386.
Анотація:
Sport-for-peace programs rely on sport and contact in order to contribute to intergroup reconciliation efforts and a peaceful society. This thesis asks ‘how contact in a sport-for-peace program influences the willingness to live together in a deeply divided society’? Specifically, this thesis poses that more years of intergroup contact (hypothesis 1) and a better quality of intergroup contact (hypothesis 2) will lead to more willingness to live together. This research is based on a unique theoretical framework that relies on contact theory and is grounded in a relational peace framework. It is suggested that (quantity and quality) of contact improve the intergroup relationships within a sport-for-peace program which, in turn, improves participants’ willingness for cohabitation. A mixed method design is used in this study, drawing on unique survey data for logistic regression and the analysis of semi-structured interviews. Results give little support for hypothesis 1, but support hypothesis 2. This study found that especially the quality of contact in a sport-for-peace program is a good predictor for willingness to live together, and that this relationship is primarily driven by the extent to which the intergroup contact is considered pleasant by participants.
2
Williams, John Alan. "Cricket and society in Bolton between the wars." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333895.
3
Roper, Alexander Paul. "Sport and Nation-Building in Malaysia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366601.
Анотація:
This study is a socio-political investigation into the relationship between sport and nationbuilding in Malaysia. The relationship between sport and nation-building (incorporating analyses of the 'nation; 'national identity'; and national unity) is examined through a variety of primary and secondary source materials, as well as interviews with twenty-six key stakeholder respondents, to ascertain the role sport has played in integrating Malaysia's various ethno-racial groups into a united 'Malaysian' nation - the research problem under investigation in the study.
Key research questions - founded upon an extensive review of the literature - traced the meaning and importance of nation-building; the Malaysian authorities' rationale for using sport in the country's nation-building project; if there was any evidence to support their use of sport; how sport is utilised towards Malaysia's nation-building efforts; and if the Malaysian authorities utilisation of sport is consistent with the nation-building aims which have been set for sport.
The study established that whilst there is some evidence from Malaysia that sport has the capacity to function as a nation-building tool, it is undermined by poor sport policy implementation and by other government policies which undermine its potential for sustained and positive impact. Watching Malaysia take on other nations would certainly appear (from a Malaysian perspective) to be conducive to the imagining of a Malaysian community; sport providing a foundation from which to move forward in the creation of a Malaysian nation.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
4
Bebber, Brett Matthew. "The Culture of Football: Violence, Racism and British Society, 1968-98." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194186.
Анотація:
Britain enjoys a rich historical tradition of popular protest and collective action. Due to their public and publicized nature, sporting events have been recognized increasingly as venues in which broader cultural and political meanings are enacted and debated in the postwar period. This project examines how social anxieties about immigration, unemployment, and government repression were represented and contested through violence and eventually racist aggression at football matches. From 1968 to the mid-1970s, violence among fans and with police became expected on a weekly basis within and outside British football stadiums as new forms of spectator allegiance and sports consumption emerged. British football became a contested cultural and institutional site of racisms, violence, masculinities, and national mythologies. Rather than examining football per se, the principal aim of this project is to investigate how this distinct cultural milieu became a site for the British government to enact violence against working-class citizens by manipulating moral anxieties, physical environments, police tactics, and legal prosecution. Whereas many British sociologists have focused on the motivation of crowd behavior and the group dynamics among supporter gangs, this paper looks at the response of the state, local police authorities, and the Home Office and Department of Environment. Politicians concerned with British sport helped to create oppositional, aggressive and disciplinary environments that promoted mutually reciprocating violent environments. Beginning in the late 1970s, spectators not only participated in violence, but also racial abuse, in stadium environments. Several fans protested the emergence of successful black footballers, who came to represent conflicts about immigration, job and housing competition, and race riots in postwar Britain. The environment became a cultural location that several groups recognized as a platform for the contestation and manipulation of racial and class conflict: it garnered activism from the neo-fascist National Front, spawned several anti-racist organizations, captured the attention of the Home Office responsible for public order, and garnered extensive national press coverage. Consequently, the football environment not only mirrored social and political hostilities, but produced them as well.
5
Ostlinning, Freya Elisa [Verfasser], and Annette [Akademischer Betreuer] Zimmer. "Running for Europe : European sports policy and the role of civil society / Freya Elisa Ostlinning, geb. Brune. Betreuer: Annette Zimmer." Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1027017746/34.
6
Ndee, Hamad S. "Sport, culture and society in Tanzania from an African perspective : a study in historical revisionism." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20366.
Анотація:
Despite the significance of sport in the modern evolution of the societies of Africa, until recently, there has been a lack of academic interest in the extent of its assimilation into the fabric of these societies. In contrast, this is a cultural history of sport in Tanzania. It involves both cultural continuity and change, of shifting ideologies over time in response to political stimuli, and of the social processes of diffusion, assimilation, alienation, rejection, adaptation and restoration of culture. The thesis examines the place of sport in Tanzanian society in precolonial, colonial and post-colonial periods. Underlying this approach is a revisionism that permits the exploration of sport from a Tanzanian and an African perspective. The consideration of the pre-colonial period traces the different types of physical activities of early eastern Africa and explores their functions in the lives of the indigenous peoples. Then follows a discussion of the arrival of the Arabs and t heir role in the spread of Islam in later eastern Africa and considers the negative attitudes towards sport that resulted from this Islamisation. Next is the review of the German colonisation of the country and the Teutonic introduction of Western education into German East Africa. Hand in hand with this education went marching drills, parades and German gymnastics which have become significant components of school sport in contemporary Tanzania. The crucial contribution of the British imperialist to modern Tanzanian sport in the form of team games, athletics and gymnastics in the shape of 'adapted Athleticism', is then described and analysed. Finally, sport in independent Tanzania and its association with nationalism, modernisation and globalisation is scrutinised. The central argument of this thesis is that modern sport in Tanzania has been a consequence of a multifaceted evolution embracing three distinct periods of the country's history and three disparate legacies: indigenous, Islamic and European, but that it was the British middle class colonial educationalists, more than others, who were responsible for the sport of modern Tanzania. Thus, in independent Tanzania, as in many other developing countries in Africa, modern sport has become clearly associated with Western culture but now, in addition, is linked to nationalism, modernisation and globalisation. The thesis concludes with the argument that Tanzania keenly aspires to integration into the world of global sport but at the same time searches for a distinctive identity by utilising Tanzanian 'sport', past and present, as an integral part of education and as an important ingredient in her culture.
7
Dong, Jinxia. "Holding up more than half the sky : women, elite sport and society in New China." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273333.
8
Yianni, Chris. "A study investigating the landscape of sport, health and fitness and its impact on society." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/620807/.
Анотація:
This thesis offers an insight into the societal impact of the landscape of sport, health and fitness with an especial emphasis on running. It both highlights and assesses the nature of this impact and in doing so evaluates how the health and welfare discourse of contemporary western society affects, and is affected by, the landscape of sport, health and fitness. The concept of 'identity' and its importance for individuals and groups is highlighted in order to show how the shaping of identity is influenced for many by their relationship with sports, health and fitness. Particular emphasis is given to race and gender and through documentary and discourse analysis, in order to highlight ways in which the sport, health and fitness milieu can be both a vehicle for individual and societal progress and can also be used to reinforce existing power relations. A series of short interviews with runners was used as a springboard into further research which included analysis of Olympic legacy documents and glossy health and fitness magazines to ascertain the nature of health messages therein. In addition, the representation of women in the sport, health and fitness milieu via mobile phone sports news applications (apps) was analysed which found an imbalance in reporting that rendered women, if not invisible, certainly second to men in terms of perceived importance. This thesis draws from a range of theorists covering subjects that have been discussed throughout the development of classical and contemporary social theory. My position as a runner and cyclist is referred to within this thesis along with elements of my identity that influence my research and subsequent findings. Although this thesis is not presented as ethnographic research there are certainly elements of an ethnographic approach included. The civilizing process, gender transgression, nudge theory, self-regulation and self-help are areas of interest highlighted in this thesis to show how this seemingly disparate group of phenomena can be linked to the main area of research. In so doing the thesis considers a wide field but brings together themes that have not been previously considered in unison. The landscape of sport, health and fitness matters because it does have an impact on society and it can be a major contributor to both individual and societal change or the maintenance of the status quo. This thesis, by considering the nature of such an impact by linking sport, health, fitness, identity and discourse, adds to our knowledge by creating a tour of the landscape not previously presented.
9
Love, Christopher Andrew. "The reflecting pool of society : aquatic sport, leisure and recreation in England, c. 1800-1918." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10821/.
10
Enehag, Peter. "Med idrotten in i kunskapssamhället." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-28679.
Анотація:
Abstract.In Sweden today, a collaboration was formed between the Swedish Sport Confederation andthe Swedish upper secondary school education. While this process was taking place, theSwedish Sport Confederation also tried to collaborate with the Swedish Academy. However,at the time the Academy did not have any involvement with the former.The purpose of the study was to research when and how the Swedish Sport Confederationcreated a collaboration with the Swedish Education Systems both on a National and Locallevel. I have also done a research on both the Knowledge Society and Elite sport talents tofind out if Elite sport will be affected in any way because of the existence of Knowledge Society,and also the reactions of the sports talents if any. My final pursuit was also to find out ifthe Knowledge Society can bring about a quick change to this silent conflict between theSwedish Sport Confederation and the Swedish Academy.For my study, I have used two different theories. One of the first sociological theories, whichwere applied with sports, was the reflection theory, and I wonder whether this theory is stillapplicable in todays society. The other theory was the reproduction theory. This theoryoriginated from the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieus key concepts. I have decided to useBourdieus key concepts in my study for understanding the battles between the Swedish SportConfederation and the Swedish Academy.The result of my study shows that sport talents on the local level in Malmoe are in agreement,that it is important to pursue further studies to the academic level, which means that the reflectiontheory can be used in todays society. Malmoe is one of the fastest growing cities,concerning the Knowledge Society, and therefore its a perfect example to this theory.With regards to the sports battle in the academic field, one can see a similar pattern, which isprevalent in the Swedish Academy, is now being followed by the upper secondary schooleducation. Through projects and agreements, elite sport has managed to position themselvesin the academic field, however they are in the periphery of the field. Prestigious universities inSweden still do not want to be involved with elite sport.
11
Mikic, Katherine. "Using sport to enhance development and peace in society: an ethnographic case study of a school in a Serbian village." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66708.
Анотація:
The Serbian education system severely deteriorated after a series of conflicts and NATO bombings dismantled the nation from the 1990's-2000. Although violence is not uncommon to schools around the world, researchers have demonstrated that the long term effects of war and violence on society creates "cycles of violence" in children which are difficult to break down. The research looked at the potential of physical education and sport in creating peace in a Serbian village school. A qualitative study, it used ethnographic techniques such as case study and several research instruments such as semi-structured interviews in addition to field note gathering, documentation, and daily journal writing. The data demonstrated that interview participants felt very positive about sport education and believed it did play a role in promoting peace. Programs such as UNICEF's School without Violence program is playing a significant role in schools by collaborating with the Serbian Ministry of Education to adopt new strategies that will continue to boost the quality of education in schools in Serbia and decrease violence.Le système d'éducation serbe s'est grandement détérioré à la suite d'une série de conflits et des bombardements de l'OTAN qui ont démantelé la nation à partir des années 1990 jusqu'en 2000. Bien que la violence ne soit pas rare dans les écoles à travers le monde, les chercheurs ont démontré que les effets à long terme de la guerre et de la violence dans la société créent des 'cycles de violence' difficiles à briser chez les enfants. La recherche a porté sur le potentiel de l'éducation physique et du sport pour amener la paix dans une école de village en Serbie. Cette étude qualitative a utilisé des techniques ethnographiques telles l'étude de cas ainsi que plusieurs instruments de recherche comme les entrevues semi-structurées, la prise de notes sur le terrain, la documentation et la rédaction d'un journal de bord quotidien. Les résultats ont démontré que les participants à l'entrevue ont un sentiment très positif à l'égard de l'éducation sportive et croient que cette forme d'éducation a certainement joué un rôle pour favoriser la paix. Des programmes comme l'Ecole sans Violence de l'UNICEF jouent un rôle significatif afin de diminuer la violence dans les écoles. En collaborant avec le ministère serbe de l'Education, de tels programmes permettent d'adopter de nouvelles stratégies pour continuer à améliorer la qualité de l'éducation dans les écoles de Serbie et à diminuer la violence.
12
Stenling, Cecilia. "The drive for change : putting the means and ends of sport at stake in the organizing of Swedish voluntary sport." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-102822.
Анотація:
The aim of this thesis is to create knowledge on processes of change in the contemporary organizing of Swedish voluntary sport and the systems of meaning at work in these processes. The thesis proceeds from the assumption that the contemporary public sport policy climate is characterized by a pressure on organized sport to change in order for sport to better serve as an implementer of non-sport goals. In attempting to capture the possible ramifications of this pressure on the organizing of voluntary sport, the thesis work relies on the argument that processes of change are best captured in instances where new and established ideas are confronted with one another. Following this argument and drawing upon the concept of theorization, the first research question treated in the thesis concerns how legitimacy is established for a new practice (reported in Article 1). The second research question addressed is how, why, and with what consequences new ideas on organizing are implemented in sport organizations (reported in Article 2 & 3). In relation to this question, the concepts of translation and organizational identity are mobilized in the analysis. Empirically, these two questions are addressed using data from 29 interviews covering the emergence and organizing of organized spontaneous sport, so-called Drive in sport, in four Swedish municipalities. The analysis relating to these two questions shows that the same systems of meaning invoked to legitimize and specify Drive-in sport as a practice that has the potential to remedy problems being faced by both the Swedish society and the Swedish sports movement, also made Drive-in sport an unlikely developmental direction for the majority of implementing sport clubs. This process is understood with reference to a mismatch between the organizational identity of the clubs and the cultural material of the idea of Drive-in sport. This insight is brought into the formulation of the third research question treated in the thesis, which is concerned with sport clubs’ readiness, willingness, and ability to respond to policy changes (reported in Article 4). Building on data from short, qualitative interviews with representatives from 218 randomly selected sport clubs, 10 organizational identity categories are constructed. Between these categories, there is a variety of clubs’ core purposes, practices, and logics of action. The implications of this heterogeneity, in terms of sport clubs’ role as policy implementers, are discussed with reference to what clubs in each category might "imagine doing." The analysis provided in the thesis as a whole suggests that at stake in processes of change in the contemporary organizing of Swedish voluntary sport, is the very definition and meaning of sport.
13
Al-Mansoori, Ahmed. "The camel and camel racing in the United Arab Emirates : the role and interaction between traditional sport and society in UAE." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392789.
14
Enehag, Peter. "USA vs EU 1-0 (1-0, 0-0)." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29612.
Анотація:
Three years after the Bosman case, it was decided that a socio-cultural approach on sports be introduced in Europe. EU presented a formulation for the same purpose – The European Model of Sport. The purpose of this formula was to maintain the socio-culture and traditional ap¬proach to all kinds of amateur and professional sports in Europe. If we were to com¬pare this model with the American model of sport, it shows many different ways of thinking in terms of organised sport. However, both models show that they have to adjust to the processes that are on-going in western societies. The development of civilisation, professionalisation, com-mer¬cialisation, commodification, and globalisation are all processes to which sports have to adjust.Because of the adjustments mentioned above, another process was introduced, this was called “ju¬ridification”, which is very prevalent today. The process of “juridification” involved all legalities in the sports system. The purpose of introducing this process was mainly to question the sports autonomy. The autonomy in sport defines itself as a self-regulator and is not part of the civil law. A ma¬jor part of the “ques¬tion¬ables” to the sports autonomy is, that sports of to-day have a symbiotic relationship with the media industry and the commercial market, which means that there is a huge in-flow of cash into elite sports. However, this has become a ques-tionable aspect, as to why sport should not be part of the competition law as any other busi-ness. As a result of this, several legal cases relating to sports are ending up in courts.EU has a divided and vague approach when it comes to handling these matters. On the one hand it de¬clares clearly that economic activities should be part of the EU law and on the other hand, if sports cases go to trial to the Competition Law, it would be decided on a case-to-case basis. In the US, pro¬fessional sports are part of the Common Law and their sports, had on a much earlier stage become involved with the judicial system. The American Model of Sport, have also a clear distinction be¬tween amateur and professional sports. Together, these two aspects show that the model in the US is bet¬ter adjusted to the present on-going processes in contempo¬rary societies.
15
Karp, Staffan. "Barn, föräldrar och idrott : En intervjustudie om fostran inom fotboll och golf." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-15790.
Анотація:
The purpose of this work is to describe and understand the significance of sports for children active in sports, their parents, and family. I am interested in how daily sports practice is understood by children active in sports and their parents and what sports mean for upbringing of children and young people. In the study eighteen children were interviewed, twelve boys and six girls in the ages of 10-12 years and their parents. Nine of the children play golf and nine play soccer. The perspective applied is pedagogic, which means that the connections between the social and individual are focused on. The results show that the patterns of childrearing for soccer and golf are distinguished from each other and thus what the children learn. In a comparison with research on concepts among parents from different social strata on the rearing of children, the pattern of childrearing with soccer agrees with patterns in the worker class, and those of golf with patterns in the upper middle class. In the results there are gender-related differences that do agree well with theories and research on the masculine hegemony in the sport. But the results also show that the sport can contribute to the rearing of males with both masculine and a part of traditionally feminine characteristics and of females with both feminine and a part of traditionally masculine characteristics. Another result is that sports at the same time correspond to needs of today's people and can be a counter against a development that is described by research as a split between body and soul, cultural isolation, dissolution of norms, and a fragmentation of existence. Soccer and golf become a kind of common project for families, not only for meetings between parents and children but also for meetings between adults and children of different ages. In a time when parents feel insecurity when facing the task of childrearing, sports stand for a distinct network of rules. In this way sports become a kind of complement to the childrearing that parents provide. Finally, the results show that there is both that which is common and that which is distinctive in both sports. Of the children who play golf, almost all of them devote themselves to some team sport, while the children who play soccer do not practice any other sport. In this way the children who play golf receive a double qualification that equips them for confrontation with the demands of modern society in a different way than with the case of the children who play soccer. And it is this that is the most distinctive factor.digitalisering@umu
16
Liáo, Junior Roberto 1962. "Hegemonia e contra-hegemonia na construção de políticas de esporte e lazer = a experiência do Consórcio Brasília = Hegemony and counter-hegemony in the process of sport and leisure policy-making : the experience of the Consortium Brasilia." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275130.
Анотація:
Orientador : Lino Castellani FilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T18:18:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LiaoJunior_Roberto_D.pdf: 1527453 bytes, checksum: 7dc01fea699d1aaa69df9e262eb00690 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: A Tese apresenta a análise do contraditório processo de construção política do Programa Esporte e Lazer da Cidade no Distrito Federal e região do Entorno no estado de Goiás. O Programa foi elaborado pela Secretaria Nacional de Desenvolvimento do Esporte e do Lazer do Ministério do Esporte, inserido no primeiro Governo Lula, em seu Plano Plurianual "Brasil um País de Todos". O Consórcio Brasília materializou o preceito de uma das dimensões do Esporte, o Esporte Recreativo ("Participação" na legislação vigente), aquele voltado para a ocupação do tempo e espaço de lazer dos cidadãos, compreendido como instância de apropriação crítica das manifestações culturais. Organizado em janeiro de 2004, se viabilizou por meio do convênio firmado pelo ME com a Associação de Garantia ao Atleta Profissional do DF, que pela sua organização administrativa e compromisso político com um conjunto de entidades populares que desenvolviam práticas de esporte e lazer no DF e Entorno, criou as condições materiais para tal experiência. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender em que medida o Consórcio Brasília protagonizou o processo de socialização, democratização da política e controle social, nas tensões e contradições entre o Estado e a Sociedade Civil, numa perspectiva contra-hegemônica. O referencial teórico metodológico para análise do objeto foi balizado na concepção de Estado, Sociedade Civil e Hegemonia em Gramsci. Procurou-se verticalizar o aspecto da Gestão e Controle Social, nas formas de organização, participação da sociedade civil, nas relações entre as Esferas Governamentais e as Entidades participantes do Consórcio. Para tanto, a análise se fez a partir de registros - quatro textos escritos desde o encerramento do 1º PPA do Governo Lula até a constituição do Fórum Popular e Permanente de Esporte e Lazer do DF - do Programa Esporte e Lazer da Cidade e da experiência do Consórcio Brasília, que manifestam as tensões entre Estado e Sociedade Civil. Na análise crítica apresentada, foram identificadas ações contra-hegemônicas de esporte e lazer, bem como relações de unidade e distinção entre Estado e Sociedade Civil, o primeiro ora representado pelo Governo Federal, ora pelo Governo do Distrito Federal, já a segunda, pelo Consórcio como um sujeito político coletivo. Constatamos enfrentamentos entre o PT e o PCdoB no âmbito da "grande política", como também cotejos internos ao PT entre suas frações na "pequena política", deles resultando mudanças na direção de um atrelamento aos interesses do partido majoritário à frente do ME. A constituição de um Conselho Gestor com uma Direção Colegiada, o processo de formação continuada, assim como as ações desenvolvidas nos Núcleos de Esporte e Lazer deram ênfase à formulação de posições que qualificaram politicamente as relações entre Estado e a Sociedade Civil na defesa do esporte e do lazer como direitos a serem universalizados. Contraditoriamente às teses que orientaram a elaboração do Consórcio, a ampliação dos convênios e a expansão do Programa na região fortaleceram ações isoladas e centralizadoras, fragilizando práticas coletivas e colegiadas, diretrizes do processo de formação e efetivação do Programa Esporte e Lazer da Cidade
Abstract: This thesis presents an analysis of the political struggle during the construction of the Sports and Leisure City Program for Brasilia and surroundings. This program was established by the National Secretariat of Sport and Leisure Development of the Sport Ministry (SM). In the course of President Lula's first term, it was inserted in the multi-year plan, the so-called "Brazil: a country for all". The Consortium Brasilia materialized the precept of the dimensions of Sport, Recreation Sport ("participation" is the word used in the law now in force), it turned to the occupation of leisure time and space for citizens, which should be here understood as a level of appropriation of cultural criticism. Set up in January 2004, it became viable as a result of an agreement signed by both the SM and the Association of Professional Sport Warranty to Brasilia. Thanks to its administrative structure and political commitment to several social work organizations related to sport and leisure activities in Brasilia and surroundings, there have been Nmaterial conditions for such experiment. This study aimed to understand the importance of the Consortium Brasilia in the socialization process, as well as in the democratization of both politics and social control, and also in periods of unrest between the State and civil society, within a counter-hegemonic perspective. The theoretical framework for analysis of the object was based on Gramsci's concept about the State, Civil Society and Hegemony. We tried to verticalize the aspect of Management and Social Control in the forms of organization, participation of civil society, the relations between government circles and agencies involved in the consortium. For both, the analysis is done from records - four texts written between the end of the 1st APP of the Lula administration and the creation of the People's Forum and Permanent Sporting Goods DF - Program Sport and Leisure Town and experience Consortium Brasilia, which manifest tensions between State and civil society. The critical analysis presented identified counter-hegemonic actions in sport and leisure, as well as ties and differences between state and civil society, the former being represented by the federal government, sometimes by the government of Brasilia, while the latter, by the consortium as a collective political subject. There have been conflicts between factions of PT and PCdoB in both high-level politics, when preparing the APP 2004/2007, and in low-level politics, which resulted in changes towards the interests of majority party within the SM. The creation of a management council with a direction board, the process of continuing education, as well as the actions taken in sport and leisure units emphasized the formulation of positions that qualified politically relations between state and civil society in defense of sport and leisure as rights to be universalized. Unlike the theory that governed the preparation of the Consortium, the expansion of the covenants and expansion program in the region strengthened isolated and centralized actions, weakening team work and collective practices, guidelines formation process and realization of the Sports and Leisure City Program
Doutorado
Educação Fisica e Sociedade
Doutora em Educação Física
17
Dufraisse, Sylvain. "Les "Héros du sport" : la fabrique de l'élite sportive soviétique (1934-1980)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H093.
Анотація:
L’URSS opère au milieu des années 1930 un changement dans sa manière d’envisager la performance sportive. La recherche du record et la quête des victoires deviennent des objectifs de l’action du gouvernement et du Parti à partir de 1934, ce qui entraîne la mise en place de dispositifs pour coordonner et guider la préparation des sportsmen. Cette recherche éclaire dans la longue durée le processus de fabrique de l’élite sportive soviétique dont les prouesses apparaissent au cours de la Guerre froide comme une incarnation des réussites du régime et un foyer d’attachement des Soviétiques au « soviétique ». Pour ce faire, cette thèse analyse, en s’appuyant sur les productions médiatiques et artistiques comme sur les sanctions internes à l’administration sportive, la construction des normes faisant du sportsman un modèle de citoyen soviétique. Elle observe leur assimilation graduelle par les membres de l’élite athlétique, ainsi que les différents accommodements et libertés que s’autorisent les sportifs. Ce travail s’attache ensuite à retracer, en analysant les échanges de délégations d’athlètes, comment le groupe des sportsmen s’est constitué en relation avec l’étranger, adoptant un ethos sportif et donnant une physionomie à l’ « homme soviétique ». Il montre enfin comment le secteur du sport de haut niveau a été progressivement pris en charge par l’administration de la culture physique et du sport qui, en associant gratifications, récompenses, contrôles tatillons, planification dense, entraînements intenses, a contribué à établir un « régime sportif », partagé par une grande partie des athlètes de haut niveau et hautement centraliséIn the mid-1930, the way sports performance changed in the Soviet Union. Since 1934, records and victories became governement goals and Party action. Consequently, these political bodies implemented measures to organize and coordinate the physical preparation of sportsmen. This research aimed to reveal the making of the Soviet sportsmen elite during the longue durée. First, this dissertation analyzes norms that build up the heroic image of sportsmen based on the study of artistic materials, media images and internal sanctions of sports administration. It observes their gradual assimilation by athletes but also how the same athletes accomodate, adopt a sports ethos, in helping them to progress but also in setting up an image of the Soviet man and woman. Finally, it moves to analyze the way in which sports performance became part of physical culture politics and how the sports administration centralized it to create a sports regime, involving gratification, control and carefully planned schedule
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Sanders, Ben. "Sport and the struggle for development: Conceptual approaches to sport for development and peace as an emerging field of evaluation - case studies from the public sector, academic sector and civil society led initiatives in South Africa." University of Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6074.
Анотація:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science)Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) refers to the use of sport to promote varied outcomes beyond the playing field and encompasses a range of initiatives seeking to harness the power of sport for social change. Despite the rapid growth of the SDP field, there remain serious gaps in our collective understanding of which initiatives work best, how and why, and whether these can be scaled. Further, there remains little literature or robust debate around the governance of SDP, with limited conceptualisation of the optimal institutional arrangements and roles and responsibilities of the relevant stakeholders operating in this emerging sector. As such the best methods of cooperation and collaboration may be unclear, reducing the likelihood of strong partnerships, shared outcomes and ultimately greater impact. This study contributes to the SDP field as an emerging field of development cooperation and explores optimal governance of the SDP sector.
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Vargas, Gabriel Rocha 1987. "Lazer e participação em um grupo de praticantes de escalada." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275092.
Анотація:
Orientador Silvia Cristina Franco AmaralDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T12:34:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vargas_GabrielRocha_M.pdf: 2249147 bytes, checksum: 8f94e9d3add9bf9c09c6ba3b65272f3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Nessa pesquisa, lanço um olhar sobre o Grupo de Escalada e Montanhismo da Unicamp (GEEU) a partir do pressuposto de que as práticas relacionadas ao grupo de escalada residem na esfera do lazer. Estudo as configurações da participação no GEEU, focando a prática engajada à escalada como irrestrita ao seu exercício, ou seja, que não pode ser explicada analisando apenas a ação da prática central isoladamente. Através das particularidades da sua prática e das relações entre seus participantes, tanto a escalada em geral quanto o GEEU criam espaços para a construção de sentidos que atribuem significados à experiência de lazer. Conforme será demonstrado ao longo do trabalho, essas práticas são potenciais vetores de um lazer que pode ser caracterizado como significativo e promotor da experiência. Assim, o objetivo, nessa pesquisa, é investigar os significados das práticas do GEEU. Para alcançar tal objetivo, exploro a experiência da escalada no referido grupo, os significados que dela emergem e os que são atribuídos pelos sujeitos que nela se envolvem. O método empregado parte da necessidade de adentrar no mundo dos sujeitos pesquisados, conhecendo suas particularidades, os sentidos e os significados. Realizei, então, uma observação participante ao longo de dezoito meses em campo, convivendo com os sujeitos e incorporando o habitus da escalada para uma compreensão aprofundada desse universo. Adicionalmente, conduzi oito entrevistas com membros do GEEU em que algumas informações específicas que não emergiram espontaneamente em campo puderam ser mais bem exploradas. Para auxiliar na compreensão das múltiplas facetas do grupo de escalada, recupero um modelo teórico que traz fundamentos que dialogam extensamente com o visto e o não visto no trabalho de campo: a Serious Leisure Perspective de Robert Stebbins. Lanço mão das categorias definidas por esse modelo para discutir as práticas do GEEU já em um processo de contextualização através de um diálogo com elementos da escalada incorporados na pesquisa de campo. Assim, demonstro que a escalada, como um todo, constitui uma cultura com suas próprias atitudes, crenças, valores, práticas e expectativas. Logo, ela assume a forma de um mundo social. Esses elementos indicam que a existência em grupo e o exercício de uma identidade forjada dentro de um universo com seu ethos e suas idiossincrasias são um fator fundamental na formação de um mundo social como espaço coletivo da experiência de lazer. Ao demonstrar a complexidade do universo da escalada e do GEEU, evidencia-se que não são as sensações ou o status promovido pela ação central, apenas, que constituem a atração e motivação para a participação na atividade. Mais que isso, é a atuação no grupo de escalada que provê uma extensa e profunda carga de sentidos e significados ao participante, preenchendo uma existência individual. O sujeito encontra, além do prazer da atividade, a oportunidade de forjar uma identidade, de compartilhar valores com seus pares, de empreender ações outrora inalcançáveis, de estipular e alcançar suas próprias metas e desafios. Muitas vezes os escaladores visitam o GEEU não para escalar, mas apenas para entrar desfrutar desses elementos
Abstract: In this research, I studied the Unicamp Climbing and Mountaineering Group (GEEU) from the standpoint that the practices related to the climbing group resides in the sphere of leisure. I study settings of participation in GEEU, focusing on the engaged practice of climbing as an unrestricted pursuit, i.e., that cannot be explained only by analyzing the actions of the central practice alone. Through the particularities of this practice and the relations between the participants, both climbing in general as GEEU create spaces for the construction of meanings attached to the leisure experience. As will be demonstrated throughout the work, these practices are potential vectors of a leisure that can be characterized as meaningful and promoter of experience. So, the objective in this research is to investigate the meanings of practices in GEEU. To achieve this goal, I explore the experience of climbing in that group, the meanings that emerge from it and those who are assigned by the subjects involved in it. The method emerges from the need to enter the world of the studied subjects, knowing its particularities, the senses and meanings. It was realized, then, a participant observation over eighteen months on field, living with the subjects and incorporating the climbing habitus for a deeper understanding of this universe. Additionally, I conducted interviews with eight GEEU members in which some specific information that did not emerged previously on the field in a spontaneous sense could be better exploited. To assist in the understanding the multiple facets of the climbing group, I sought a theoretical model that brings grounds that widely dialogues with the seen and not seen in the fieldwork: the Robert Stebbins?s Serious Leisure Perspective. I make use of the categories defined by this model to discuss the practices of GEEU already in a process of contextualization through a dialogue with elements of climbing incorporated in field research. Thus, I show that the climb, as a whole, is a culture with their own attitudes, beliefs, values, practices and expectations. Therefore, it takes the form of a social world. These elements indicate that the existence and exercise of a group identity forged in a universe with its ethos and its idiosyncrasies are a key factor in the formation of a social world as a collective space for leisure experience. Demonstrating the complexity of the universe of climbing and GEEU, it is evident that are not only the sensations or status promoted by central action that constitute the attraction and motivation for participation in the activity. More than that, the participation in the climbing group that provides a wide and deep range of meanings to the participant, filling an individual existence. The subject finds, beside the pleasure of the activity, the opportunity to forge an identity, to share values with their peers, to undertake actions once unreachable, to stipulate and achieve their own goals and challenges. Often, climbers visit the GEEU not to climb, but only to enjoy these elements
Mestrado
Educação Fisica e Sociedade
Mestre em Educação Física
20
Spišáková, Stanislava. "Verejný priestor a občianska spoločnosť v ČR - športová politika a jej aktéri (prípadová štúdia)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113745.
Анотація:
The area of sport policy is in the political science a marginal issue, although the Czech public considers this as an important policy. The paper deals with the mutual relationships among sport, politics and civil society. The primary goal of this thesis is the analysis of the current sport policy and its stakeholders in the Czech Republic. The main text is divided into three chapters. The first one consists of theoretical part and deals with the theory of civil society, public policy and the issues of interest intermediation. The second chapter draws attention to the basic attributes of sport such as emergence, division and in particular the importance of sport for social relations. The last third chapter focuses mainly on the analysis of interests, priorities and goals of political parties and interest groups -- sports and physical education civil associations in the area of sports and physical activities. The end of the third chapter outlines the current problems and perspectives of sport and sport policy in the Czech Republic.
21
Ekholm, David. "Sport as a Means of Responding to Social Problems : Rationales of Government, Welfare and Social Change." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130783.
Анотація:
Sport has been increasingly recognized in social policy as a means of steering social change and as a method for responding to diverse social problems. The present study examines how rationales of social change are formed through ‘sport as a means of responding to social problems’. Four research questions are posed: (1) How is it that sport can be thought of and articulated as a means of responding to social problems? (2) How are sport practices assumed to operate as a means of responding to social problems? (3) How are social problems represented when sport is promoted as a means of response? (4) What conduct, subjectivity and citizen competences are shaped within this regime of practice? The study focuses on the government of subjects’ conduct, the formation of community and delineation of domains subjected to social change. The gradual shifts in the governmental rationality of the Swedish welfare state provide a framework for the study. Two kinds of empirical material are investigated. Initially, scientific knowledge is analysed; after this, a sport-based intervention, conducted in cooperation between a social entrepreneur, municipality and local sport clubs, is examined. In relation to scientific discourse, research on sport for social objectives would benefit from more theoretically driven constructionist perspectives related to welfare state transformations. In scientific discourse, rationales of social change in sport are conceived of as individual attainment of skills, competences and powers that are presumably transferable to other social spheres. Such discourse represents problems as individual problems. With respect to the sport-based intervention, individual change is promoted by representatives of the social entrepreneur in terms of providing subjects with motivational powers, which are shaped by role models and applied in “choosing the right track”. By representing problems as risks, avoidance is formed as an individual opportunity. This positions subjects as being responsible for their own welfare and inclusion. Municipal policy makers view the intervention as a way to form community and social cohesion in response to tensions in society. They present sport (and the social entrepreneur) as a way to mobilize and activate civil society – which is associated with the potency of voluntarism, authentic leadership and personal relations based on common identity. Consequently, responsibility for responding to social problems is spread and elements of de-professionalized social work are imposed. To conclude, sport is conceptualized as a means of responding to social problems because sport practices are associated with individual agency and with an active civil society and moral community. The technologies and rationality of social change point out ‘the self’, ‘the community’ and ‘the place’ as locations where social change is possible, rather than the whole of society. For instance, the technologies of social change are based on activation and responsibilization of ‘the self’ and of ‘the community’. These rationales of social change are based on a critique of welfarist governmentality and of the idea of governing from ‘the social’ point of view. Arguably, such discourse obscures more profound social reform. The study provides some empirical explorations illustrating how a range of tendencies and mutations in the governmental rationality of the welfare state and of social work are manifested in ‘sport as a means of responding to social problems’.De senaste åren har idrott alltmer kommit att betraktas som ett socialpolitiskt verktyg med förväntningar om att åstadkomma social förändring och bidra till att lösa sociala problem. I den här avhandlingen undersöks hur den sociala förändringens rationalitet formas i relation till idén om ’idrott som en lösning på sociala problem’. Detta görs genom fyra frågeställningar: (1) Hur har idrott blivit möjligt att betrakta som en lösning på sociala problem? (2) Hur förmodas idrott i praktiken fungera som en lösning på sociala problem? (3) Hur representeras sociala problem när idrott lyfts fram som en lösning? (4) Vilken typ av uppförande, subjektivitet och medborgerliga färdigheter fostras genom att använda idrott som en lösning på social problem? Särskilt fokuseras på styrning av individers uppförande, skapande av gemenskap och sammanhållning samt gränsskapande kring vilka domäner som kan utsättas för förändring. Undersökningarna relateras till mer övergripande förändringar i den svenska välfärdsstatens styrningsrationalitet. Två empiriska material har undersökts: dels den vetenskapliga diskursen, dels olika företrädares beskrivningar av en idrottsbaserad välfärdsintervention för unga i risk för problem och exkludering, en verksamhet som sker i samverkan mellan en social entreprenör, kommun och föreningsliv. Avhandlingen pekar på vikten av teoretiskt driven forskning med konstruktionistiska perspektiv relaterade till välfärdsstatens och socialpolitikens förändring. I den vetenskapliga diskursen lyfts social förändring fram med avseende på individuell förändring genom tillägnande av färdigheter som antas kunna användas även i andra sociala sammanhang. Denna förståelse iscensätter de adresserade problemen som individuella problem. I idrottsledarnas beskrivningar av den sociala interventionen kan ungdomar motiveras individuellt, bygga självförtroende och självkänsla, genom att identifiera sig med positiva förebilder och ledare. Detta blir viktigt för att kunna ”välja rätt väg i livet”. Genom att framställa problem som risker blir de möjliga för individen att undvika. Detta positionerar ungdomarna som själva ansvariga för sin välfärd och inkludering. I politikernas beskrivningar lyfts idrotten fram som ett sätt att skapa gemenskap och sammanhållning som ett svar på spänningar och oro. Genom idrotten (och den sociala entreprenören) kan man mobilisera civilsamhällets föreningsliv vilket associeras med frivillighet, autentiskt ledarskap samt personliga och moraliska band baserade på gemensam identitet. Därmed kan ansvaret för att hantera sociala problem spridas mellan olika aktörer, något som även kan bidra till informalisering och de-professionalisering av det sociala arbetet. Sammanfattningsvis kan idrott konceptualiseras som en lösning på sociala problem därför att dess praktiker associeras med individuell aktivering samt med ett aktivt civilsamhälle som bygger på moralisk fostran och gemenskap. Den sociala förändringens teknologier och rationalitet pekar ut ‘självet’, ‘gemenskapen’ och ‘platsen’ som de domäner där förändring bedöms vara möjlig. Den sociala förändringens rationalitet bygger på aktivering och ansvarsgörande av ‘självet’ och ‘gemenskapen’. Styrningsrationaliteten bygger på en långtgående kritik av välfärdsstatens sätt att styra där samhället i sin helhet betraktas som målpunkt. Genom sådan diskurs skyms mer genomgående samhällsförändringar. Avhandlingen utforskar empiriskt och illustrerar hur en rad tendenser och mutationer i välfärdsstatens styrningsrationalitet och i det sociala arbetet kommer till uttryck genom ‘idrott som en lösning på sociala problem’.
22
Rasmussen, Kirsten. "Brand Activism and Gender: Nike as a Case Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9007.
Анотація:
Nike is a prominent company that engages in brand activism, a marketing approach wherein they brand themselves as socially progressive by adopting public stances on controversial social issues. Because Nike resides at the intersection of media and sports, both of which are institutions that gender plays an important role in, an exploration of how Nike constructs gender in its commercials may illuminate the authenticity of its brand activism and progressive politics. Through a content analysis of 131 commercials released by Nike in the past decade, I explore whether their reputation as a socially progressive company extends to genuinely diverse and inclusive portrayals of gender in their commercials, or if they instead continue to rely on gender stereotypes. My results indicate that Nike commercials continue to treat sports as a predominantly masculine realm in which male athletes compete, therefore marginalizing athletes who are female or who do not display traditional masculine qualities. I also find that the bulk of athletes portrayed by Nike are those that adhere to gender stereotypes, indicating that Nike chooses to reinforce hegemonic masculine ideals rather than being genuinely inclusive and progressive in regard to gender.
23
Roncha, Paulo Mendonça. "Identificação dos motivos para a prática de actividade física aos domingos de manhã, no parque da cidade do Porto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29220.
24
Kraska, Jenna M., Ann M. Kinser, C. Whitted, Michael W. Ramsey, Margaret E. Stone, G. Gregory Haff, William A. Sands, and Michael H. Stone. "Relationship Between Isometric Force Characteristics and the Difference in Jump Height in Weighted and Un-weighted Jumps." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4104.
25
Kraska, Jenna M., Michael W. Ramsey, Ann M. Kinser, Margaret E. Stone, G. Gregory Haff, William A. Sands, and Michael H. Stone. "Relationship Between Isometric Force Characteristics and Peak Power Output in Static and Countermovement Jumps at Various Loading Conditions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4103.
26
Kinser, Ann M., Michael W. Ramsey, Harold S. O'Bryant, William A. Sands, C. Ayres, and Michael H. Stone. "Vibration and Stretching Effects on Flexibility and Explosive Strength in Gymnasts." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4101.
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Kinser, Ann M., Jenna M. Kraska, Michael W. Ramsey, William A. Sands, G. Gregory Haff, Margaret E. Stone, and Michael H. Stone. "The Effect of 8 Weeks of Strength-power Training in Collegiate Throwers on Force-time Parameters Generated During a Post-exercise Potentiation Complex." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4102.
28
Aman, Mohd Salleh. "Leisure policy in New Zealand and Malaysia: a comparative study of developments in sport and physical recreation." Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1768.
Анотація:
This comparative study assessed the usefulness of the convergence thesis as a tool for understanding developments in leisure, recreation and sport in New Zealand and Malaysia. The study examined the interrelationship between 'global' and 'local' or 'contingent' factors and their impact upon leisure behaviour, leisure policy and leisure structures. 'Local' factors included institutional arrangements (notably political ones) and national cultural practices. A social history of New Zealand and Malaysia with particular reference to leisure, sport and recreation and national cultural practices was provided as a context for discussion of these issues. The study utilised a mixture of archival and library research and semi-structured interview, and was guided by an explicit comparative framework, concentrating on the development of leisure, sport and recreation in the two countries between 1970 and 2002. Interviews with 'key players' in both countries captured valuable data in the form of 'insiders' views' on leisure behaviour, policy and structure. These data were analysed with the relevance of the convergence thesis in mind. This study shows that contemporary leisure behaviour in New Zealand and Malaysia is shaped by the media and is highly commercialised, placing a high value on entertainment, and involves increasingly passive forms of participation. Informal sport and individualised recreational activities are replacing organised team-based sports in popularity. Leisure behaviour trends have led governments in both countries to encourage greater participation in sport and physical activity and to encourage private sector ventures into leisure-related products, services and infra-structures in the form of private-public partnerships. In terms of leisure policy, developments in leisure, recreation and, noticeably, sport, in Malaysia and New Zealand have been shaped by the wider agendas of the governing political parties. This is particularly noticeable at central government level. Individual political leaders in both countries have been influential in setting leisure-related policy. They had the vision to see that sport in particular might serve wider, national interests and that investments in sport could help raise the profiles of their countries in international markets and among trading organisations and the regulatory bodies that oversee trading practices. Malaysian and New Zealand governments seek to make leisure, sport and recreation policy supportive of other priorities. In Malaysia, the government legitimises its control over the policies which affect people's lives by appeals to Islamic principles and the need to put collective needs of nation building ahead of individual concerns for freedom. In terms of institutional, political, arrangements, this impacts at both central and local government levels in Malaysia. New Zealand, following a pluralist, Westminster, tradition of political representation, experiences regular changes in political management at central government level and a system of local government whereby local autonomy is jealously protected. Malaysia has resisted 'the global', by virtue of the nation-building policies of the Barisan Nasional, which has been in power since 1957. New Zealand's 'resistance' stems in part at least from the autonomy which local government enjoys. These experiences demonstrate that resistance to 'global' change can take varied forms at the 'local', contingent, level (Thorns, 1992). Differences in leisure structures reflect, once again, different agendas stemming from different political arrangements. The Malaysian government's approach is multi-Ministry, and micro-managed. In New Zealand, a 'hands off' approach via a quasi-autonomous non-government organisation (‘Quango'), became the favoured means of structuring central government leisure provision in the 1980s and 1990s. This was with a view to encouraging stability and consistency in leisure policy and provision in a pluralistic political system. Overall, and 'cautiously', this study provided support for the convergence thesis as a way to explain development in leisure, recreation and sport in New Zealand and Malaysia over the past 32 years. Although institutional arrangements and national cultural practices have provided some resistance to convergence processes, changing consumer sentiments may weaken such resistance in future.
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Lopes, Jorge Silva Castro. "Caracterização da participação e procura desportiva local : Contributo para o conhecimento e análise estratégica do sistema desportivo do concelho da Póvoa de Varzim." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29266.
Анотація:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência do Desporto, área de especialização em Gestão Desportiva, apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física da Universidade do PortoA evolução social manifesta-se hoje em dia a um tal ritmo, que torna-se necessário perceber a cada momento a sua orientação e o que irá determinar posteriormente. O Desporto, identificado como um microcosmos da sociedade, sofre os efeitos consequentes das mudanças que vão ocorrendo, o que implica um conhecimento actualizado do Sistema Desportivo. Para que as Instituições e pessoas com competências para definir linhas orientadoras de política desportiva, assentem as suas opções e decisões numa base racional e objectiva, é determinante a existência de informação e dados que sustentem as mesmas. Assim, constituiu objectivo principal deste estudo conhecer a participação e procura desportiva no concelho da Póvoa de Varzim, no sentido de que o processo de actualização do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Desportivo seja consistente e se traduza por programas e projectos que vão de encontro às necessidades e motivações da população. Com a finalidade de alcançar tal pretensão, utilizei a entrevista pessoal, como método quantitativo de pesquisa, para aplicação de um questionário, a uma amostra de 765 indivíduos seleccionados de acordo com um procedimento de amostragem não probabilístico, por quotas de representatividade. Os valores alcançados revelaram-se extremamente satisfatórios, registando-se um índice de participação desportiva de 38%, superando o valor (23%) verificados no estudo de âmbito nacional Salomé Marivoet (1998). A falta de tempo livre constitui o principal motivo para a inactividade desportiva. A validade deste estudo e dos programas desenvolvidos pelas Instituições Desportivas Locais, em consequência da análise e exploração dos dados obtidos no mesmo, será certamente traduzida pelo sucesso sócio-desportivo resultante da sua implementação.
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Lopes, Jorge Silva Castro. "Caracterização da participação e procura desportiva local : Contributo para o conhecimento e análise estratégica do sistema desportivo do concelho da Póvoa de Varzim." Master's thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10120.
Анотація:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência do Desporto, área de especialização em Gestão Desportiva, apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física da Universidade do PortoA evolução social manifesta-se hoje em dia a um tal ritmo, que torna-se necessário perceber a cada momento a sua orientação e o que irá determinar posteriormente. O Desporto, identificado como um microcosmos da sociedade, sofre os efeitos consequentes das mudanças que vão ocorrendo, o que implica um conhecimento actualizado do Sistema Desportivo. Para que as Instituições e pessoas com competências para definir linhas orientadoras de política desportiva, assentem as suas opções e decisões numa base racional e objectiva, é determinante a existência de informação e dados que sustentem as mesmas. Assim, constituiu objectivo principal deste estudo conhecer a participação e procura desportiva no concelho da Póvoa de Varzim, no sentido de que o processo de actualização do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Desportivo seja consistente e se traduza por programas e projectos que vão de encontro às necessidades e motivações da população. Com a finalidade de alcançar tal pretensão, utilizei a entrevista pessoal, como método quantitativo de pesquisa, para aplicação de um questionário, a uma amostra de 765 indivíduos seleccionados de acordo com um procedimento de amostragem não probabilístico, por quotas de representatividade. Os valores alcançados revelaram-se extremamente satisfatórios, registando-se um índice de participação desportiva de 38%, superando o valor (23%) verificados no estudo de âmbito nacional Salomé Marivoet (1998). A falta de tempo livre constitui o principal motivo para a inactividade desportiva. A validade deste estudo e dos programas desenvolvidos pelas Instituições Desportivas Locais, em consequência da análise e exploração dos dados obtidos no mesmo, será certamente traduzida pelo sucesso sócio-desportivo resultante da sua implementação.
31
Sá, Maria Palmira Cardoso Moreira e. "Transmissibilidade nos hábitos de actividade física-um estudo em alunos do sexo masculino do 10 ao 12 ano de escolaridade." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29272.
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Adam, Yvon. "La culture physique et le sport comme forme du développement d'une société : le cas de l'U.R.S.S." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H045.
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Faria, Nuno Paulo Serrano. "Atitudes perante o doping no desporto-estudo em adolescentes dos 13 aos 15 anos." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29325.
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Marcolino, Paulo José Carvalho. "Factores psicológicos do doping-atitudes perante o doping no desporto." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29335.
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Holm, David Todd. "Athletics and educational integrity schools, sports and society /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/444519886/viewonline.
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Alvin, Ella, and Linnéa Jarefjäll. "Är det tillräckligt att vinna för att inte försvinna? : En kvalitativ uppsats om elitidrottare som yrke, samhällsengagemang och varumärkesbyggande." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-82551.
Анотація:
Vinna eller försvinna. Så lyder talesättet och så lyder den stora grundmentaliteten när det kommer till sport. När du kliver ut på planen eller åker ut på isen gäller det att prestera. Men den prestation som dagens elitidrottare står för består av långt mycket mer än vad man vid första anblick kan tro. Sportens värld har vuxit till att bli en av världens största industrier och det tillsammans med ett förändrat samhällsklimat och medielandskap ställer allt större krav på elitidrottarna att prestera även inom utomsportsliga områden. Det gäller allt från att hantera publikförväntningar till att slå sig fram på en marknad där konkurrensen ökar och ställer högre krav på att profilera sig. I denna studie har elitidrottares yrkesroll studerats utifrån ett marknadsperspektiv med syfte att undersöka yrkesutövandets utomsportsliga delar och dess roll för elitidrottaren. Underliggande faktorer som studeras är förhållandet mellan sport och politik genom elitidrottares engagemang i samhällsfrågor men också genom upplevda publikförväntningar och ett förändrat medielandskap. Studien syftar även till att undersöka varumärkesbyggandets roll inom olika nivåer av sportens värld. De teoretiska utgångspunkter vi har haft är forskning kring varumärkesbyggande, sportjournalistik, impression management, Sports Social Responsibility, SSR, och publikförväntningar. I studien har vi genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio manliga elitidrottare som är aktiva i de fyra högsta ligorna inom fotboll och ishockey i Sverige. De slutsatser som kan urskiljas från vår analys är att elitidrottarna anser att det är en hel del som ingår i deras yrke utöver sportslig prestation. De teman vi har tagit fram speglar de utomsportsliga företeelser som elitidrottare måste hantera som en del av sitt yrkesutövande. Dessa är: medierelationer, medieträning, publikförväntningar, varumärkesbyggande och samhällsengagemang. På ett övergripande plan handlar det om att hantera och förvalta relationer med olika intressentgrupper. Våra informanter ser varumärkesbyggande i allmänhet och personligt varumärkesbyggande i synnerhet som en viktig del av det utomsportsliga yrkesutövandet. De ser tendenser av en individualisering inom lagidrotten, där det personliga varumärket kommer att spela en allt större roll. Informanterna ser att idrottares engagemang i samhället är ett allt mer vanligt förekommande fenomen. De ser främst att man som elitidrottare har en stor plattform som man kan utnyttja för att göra skillnad i samhället men de ser även att socialt ansvar och samhällsengagemang kan få varumärkesbyggande effekter. De ser tendenser av att de utomsportsliga delarna av yrket kommer att spela allt större roll i framtiden och att området kommer att professionaliseras.All or nothing. This is the saying and this is also the general mentality within sports. When you step out on the football field or go out on the hockey rink it’s all about performance. But the performance that today’s elite athletes stand for consists of far much more than you might think at first glance. The world of sports has grown to become one of the world's largest industries and this, together with a changing social climate and media landscape, creates increasing demands on elite athletes to perform in non-sporting areas as well. This applies to everything from managing audience expectations to establishing oneself in a market where competition is increasing and there are increasing demands on self profiling. In this study, the professional role of elite athletes has been studied from a market perspective with the aim of examining the non-sporting parts of professional practice and its role for the elite athlete. Underlying factors that are studied are the relationship between sports and politics through elite athletes' involvement in societal issues but also through perceived audience expectations and a changed media landscape. The study also aims to examine the role of brand building within different levels of the world of sport. The theoretical starting points we have had are research on brand building, sports journalism, impression management, SSR and audience expectations. In our study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with nine male elite athletes who are active in the four highest leagues in football and ice hockey in Sweden. The conclusions that can be distinguished from our analysis are that the elite athletes believe that there are a lot of different parts of their profession in addition to sporting performance. The themes we have read out reflects the non-sporting areas that elite athletes must deal with as part of their professional practice. These are: media relations, media training, audience expectations, brand building and advocacy. On an overall level, it is all about managing relationships with different stakeholder and shareholder groups. Our informants see branding in general and personal branding in particular as an important part of the non-sporting parts of the profession. They see tendencies of an individualization in team sports, where the personal brand will play an increasing role. The informants see that athletes' involvement in society as an increasingly common phenomenon. They mainly see that as an elite athlete you have a large platform that you can use to make a difference in society, but they also see that social responsibility and advocacy can have brand-building effects. They see tendencies that the non- sporting parts of the profession will play an increasing role in the future and that the area will be professionalized.
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Rocha, Thaís Rios da. "CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO QUÍMICO ATRAVÉS DO ESPORTE." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6684.
Анотація:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorChemistry and its relationship with the sport has been plaiyng a key role, through scientific and technological advances to the appearance of new substances and materials. Due to its great social relevance and being a matter of knowledge of students, the theme "sport" was chosen for the development of this research, a different approach being made to work out the scientific content of Organic Chemistry, third-year of high school students belonging to a public school of the city of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. From the work with students during the school year of 2013 different issues were addressed , such as the chemistry of sporting goods, through debates and discussions on scientific and technological advances in sports, the history and evolution of sporting goods and the study of polymers, biochemistry of exercise, in which issues related to the power needed to care were addressed, the study of different nutrients in foods, cellular metabolism and bioenergetics; as well as the study of prohibited substances in sports, desired by athletes in competition effects and side effects caused by improper intake of these substances. Data from this study were collected from questionnaires, textual productions, research papers, and records of the researcher in relation to the development of interventions, and analyzed by discursive textual analysis. Among the activities of this work, we highlight the experiment of synthesis of nylon 6,6, the preparation of a glossary as paradicdatic material, entitled "A, B, C. .. Chemical and Sports," and the resolution of several cases relating to doping in the Olympics in 2012 through Case Study. We are able to see the results from this research that the use of the theme "sport" favored the understanding of scientific knowledge of chemistry and its relationship with other areas of knowledge, by developing teaching methodologies that allowed the students' active participation, promoting greater interest and involvement of them in carrying out activities in the school.
A Química e sua relação com o esporte vêm desempenhando um papel fundamental, através dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos para o surgimento de novas substâncias e materiais. Devido a sua grande relevância social e por ser um assunto de conhecimento dos estudantes, a temática esporte foi escolhida para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, sendo realizada uma abordagem diferenciada para trabalhar os conteúdos científicos de Química Orgânica, com estudantes da terceira série do ensino médio pertencentes a uma escola pública estadual da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. A partir do trabalho desenvolvido com os alunos durante o ano letivo de 2013, foram abordados diferentes assuntos, tais como: a química dos materiais esportivos, através da realização de debates e discussões sobre os avanços científicos e tecnológicos nos esportes, o histórico e a evolução dos materiais esportivos e o estudo dos polímeros; a bioquímica do exercício físico, em que foram abordados assuntos relacionados aos cuidados necessários com a alimentação, ao estudo dos diferentes nutrientes presentes nos alimentos, o metabolismo celular e a bioenergética; assim como o estudo das substâncias proibidas nos esportes, os efeitos desejados pelos atletas em competições e os efeitos colaterais ocasionados pela ingestão indevida destas substâncias. Os dados desta pesquisa foram coletados a partir de questionários, produções textuais, trabalhos de pesquisa, e registros da pesquisadora com relação ao desenvolvimento das intervenções, sendo analisados através da análise textual discursiva. Dentre as atividades deste trabalho, destacamos a realização do experimento de síntese do náilon 6,6, a confecção de um glossário como material paradidático, intitulado A, B, C...da Química e do Esporte , e Estudo de caso através da resolução de diversos casos referentes ao doping nas Olimpíadas de 2012. Podemos evidenciar a partir dos resultados desta pesquisa que a utilização da temática esporte favoreceu a compreensão de conhecimentos científicos de química e sua relação com outras áreas do conhecimento, através do desenvolvimento de metodologias de ensino que permitiram a participação ativa dos estudantes, promovendo um maior interesse e envolvimento dos mesmos durante a realização das atividades no âmbito escolar.
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Sousa, Jefferson Rodrigues de. "O esporte na aula de educação física escolar: o posicionamento dos professores." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10362.
Анотація:
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The aim of this study was to analyze what the disposition of attitude of Physical Education teachers of elementary school, working in public schools located in the eastern region of the city of São Paulo, belonging to the board of education Leste 2, with subjects like sports and Scholar Physical Education. The research aimed to investigate how school conducts educational processes and practices, aimed at training and education of the individuals involved. The objective of this project was to analyze the present trend in the attitudes of physical education teachers in relation to Physical Education and Sports in school as content of Physical Education. The specific objectives were: to determine whether there is a predominance in the sporting perspective in Physical Education, from how teachers are positioned in relation to their lessons, analyze the roles and values attributed to sports in physical education (education, linked to promoting citizenship, sports performance, health promoters); consider, in light of Critical Theory, sports in the context of the cultural industry, from how teachers establish the link between sports and culture industry, to analyze the education of the body and formation of the individual, with reference to the way teachers are manifested on the physical education at school; to analyze the ambiguity of the sports and as shown in the positioning of the teachers to analyze the role of sports in accordance with the teachers. The instruments developed for this research was a questionnaire to collect personal data of physical education teachers and a range of attitudes in the form of Likert-type propositions. The adopted procedure aimed at verifying the degree of adherence to the sport, with the establishment of correlations subjected to statistical tests. For a more detailed understanding of the phenomenon of sport and attitude scales, the basis for the discussion of the results was Critical Theory. It was intended, finally, the discussion of the role of sports in physical education, which, consequently, allowed the reflection on the role of physical education at school and the school's role in individual formation. The main findings were that teachers tend to use sports as the main content of their lessons, assigning values and roles as related to educational development of students, health promotion and citizenship, respect for rules, linking the sports to the cultural industry. Data analysis indicates that teachers tend to use sport as the main content of their lessons, assigning roles and values linked to the development of students, health promotion and citizenship, respect rules, and established ties with industry cultural. However, it was also found ambivalent attitude, because there is a tendency for teachers to recognize the boundaries of the sport in respect of the formation
Este trabalho visa analisar qual a atitude de professores de Educação Física do Ensino Fundamental, que atuam em escolas estaduais localizadas na zona leste da cidade de São Paulo, pertencentes à diretoria de ensino Leste 2, frente a temas como o esporte e a Educação Física na escola. A pesquisa tem a intenção de examinar como a instituição escolar realiza os processos e práticas educacionais, visando à formação e educação dos sujeitos envolvidos. O objetivo geral foi analisar a tendência presente nas atitudes dos professores de Educação Física em relação à Educação Física na escola e ao esporte como conteúdo da Educação Física Escolar. Os objetivos específicos são: verificar se ocorre a predominância da perspectiva esportivista na Educação Física Escolar, a partir do modo como os professores se posicionam em relação às suas aulas; analisar os valores e papéis atribuídos ao esporte na educação física escolar (educacionais, vinculados à promoção da cidadania, rendimento esportivo, promotores da saúde); analisar, à luz da Teoria Crítica, o esporte no contexto da indústria cultural, a partir do modo como os professores estabelecem o vínculo entre esporte e indústria cultural; analisar a educação do corpo e formação do indivíduo, tendo como referência o modo como os professores se manifestam sobre a Educação Física na escola; analisar a ambiguidade do esporte e como se apresenta no posicionamento dos professores; analisar a função do esporte de acordo com os professores. Os instrumentos elaborados para a realização desta pesquisa foram um questionário para registro dos dados pessoais dos professores de educação física e uma escala da atitude do tipo Likert. O procedimento adotado visou verificar o grau de adesão ao esporte, com o estabelecimento de correlações submetidas a testes estatísticos. Para uma compreensão mais detalhada do fenômeno esporte e das escalas de atitude, a base para a discussão dos resultados foi a Teoria Crítica. Pretendeu-se, por fim, a discussão do papel do esporte na Educação Física Escolar, o que, por conseqüência, permitiu a reflexão acerca do papel da Educação Física na escola e o papel da escola na formação do indivíduo. A análise dos dados indica que os professores tendem a utilizar o esporte como principal conteúdo de suas aulas, atribuindo valores e papeis ligados ao desenvolvimento dos alunos, à promoção da saúde e da cidadania, ao respeito às regras, além de vinculação estabelecida com a indústria cultural. No entanto, também se verificou a atitude ambivalente, uma vez que existe uma tendência, entre os professores, de reconhecimento dos limites do esporte no que diz respeito à formação
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Norberg, Johan, and Daniel Vik. "Det Kommunala LOK-stödet : En kvalitativ analys av kommuners värderingar kring det kommunala lokala aktivitetstödet och dess utformning i Västerbottens län." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93808.
Анотація:
This bachelor thesis aim to highlight the values that form the basis for the formulation of the municipal local activity support to sports clubs. Key questions was, what are the criteria for the distribution of support, what are the conditions for the support in the municipalities, and what thoughts on development of the local sports club are behind these criteria. The study is based on one policy document from each municipality and 15 interviews that revealed a large spread in mindset and resources between the municipalities, but also similarities in the supports criteria and evaluation work. 14 out of 15 municipalities distribute the support, but the conditions are different. One interesting result the study shows is how little some municipalities really know about the money that goes out to the clubs. The conclusion this study shows is that, there is a lack of knowledge of those from the municipality responsible for supporting sport clubs.
40
Haggiag, David. "Le dopage dans le milieu sportif : problème d'individu et de société." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P024.
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Dubar, Christian. "Danse : sport, culture ou education ? le probleme de l'enseignement des danses de societe en france." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081607.
Анотація:
Les danses de societe existent depuis les origines de l'humanite, depuis que les hommes ont appris a se frequenter, a s'approcher, a se toucher et a celebrer les moments importants de leur existence commune, cela pour "faire societe". Elles se sont toujours transmises spontane♭ ment et par imitation, dans la famille, aupres des amis ou sur le pourtour des bals. Au xviie siecle, alors que la profession privee de maitre a danser est geree par les menetriers, louis xiv cree, en 1661, l'academie de danse, et designe ainsi les maitres officiels, en les choisissant parmi ses professeurs de danse academique. Au milieu du xixe siecle. Cellarius est le premier professeur de danse de societe qui ne soit pas danseur de l'opera de paris. Il cree une nouvelle profession independante. Au debut du xxe siecle, la vague des danses exotiques inquiete la bonne societe, en meme temps qu'elle provoque une grande demande de lecons de danse de la part du public. L'apparition du sport, et, en france, des premieres competitions de danse, semble alors croiser la recherche d'une societe soucieuse d'ordre, de correction et de bonne tenue, une societe qui ne veut pas perdre son "maintien" en dansant un tango au gout douteux ou une biguine trop sensuelle. Une technique tres precise pour danser voit progressi♭ vement le jour; elle n'est, a l'origine, destinee qu'a la danse sportive. Peu a peu, elle envahit tous les cours de danse qui veulent garder leur clientele tout en garantissant le "serieux" de leur enseignement; cette technique s'impose alors comme la seule facon correcte de se mouvoir sur une piste de danse. En fin de xxe siecle, un renouveau des danses de societe se dessine des les annees 1980. Mais le public veut retrouver avant tout le plaisir de danser, et ne se sou♭ cie plus de competition. Le couple, aussi, a change : ce n'est plus forcement l'homme qui guide. De fait, nombreux sont ceux qui se demandent s'il n'est pas temps de rendre obligatoire une formation pour enseigner ces danses, comme c'est le cas en france pour les danses clas♭ sique, jazz et contemporaine depuis 1989. Faudra-t-il donc un diplome d'etat pour enseigner une valse, un tango ou un rock'n'roll, ou seulement une reflexion sur le role du professeur de danse de societe aujourd'hui ?
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Hemeury, Lucie. "Le pacte introuvable. Sport, péronisme et société en Argentine 1946-1955." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA141.
Анотація:
Entre 1946 et 1955, Juan Perón déclare à maintes reprises sa volonté de « forger une nation de sportifs ». Le président argentin, rapidement surnommé le « Premier Sportif de la Nation », estime que le sport doit désormais relever des domaines d’intervention de l’État. À partir de sources institutionnelles, administratives, sportives et diplomatiques, cette recherche s’attache à retracer les objectifs de la politique sportive péroniste et les moyens mis en œuvre pour les atteindre. En suivant une démarche relevant de l’histoire sociale et de la micro-histoire, ce travail examine la mise en pratique concrète des mesures adoptées par le régime péroniste au sein des clubs et des fédérations sportives et en repère les contradictions et les limites. Cette thèse analyse également la nature des relations établies entre les acteurs du milieu sportif et le pouvoir péroniste. Celles-ci se définissent par des logiques clientélistes, en partie héritées, par une quête du consensus et des formes de compromis, nourries par les intérêts communs partagés entre le monde sportif et les responsables politiques. Mais elles se sont aussi traduites par des résistances et des rapports conflictuels, renforcés par la polarisation politique croissante de la société argentine et l’autoritarisme grandissant du régime péronisteBetween 1946 and 1955, Juan Perón repeatedly stated his desire to “forge a nation of sportsmen” Soon called “Nation’s First Sportsman”, the Argentinian President reckoned that sport was now to be counted among the State’s domains of intervention This research draws on institutional, administrative, diplomatic and sports sources in order to trace the goals and means of Peronist sports policy Adopting an approach pertaining to social history as well as micro-history, this work examines the concrete implementation within sports clubs and federations of measures taken by the Peronist regime, and points out its contradictions and limits. This thesis also provides an analysis of the nature of relationships established between the sports world and the Peronist power. These relationships are characterized by partly inherited crony strategies, by a quest for consensus and by forms of compromise fueled by common interests shared between the sports world and political leaders. But they are also marked by forms of resistance and confrontation, reinforced by the increasing political polarization of the Argentinian society and the growing authoritarianism of the Peronist regime
Durante los años 1946-1955, Juan Perón declaró públicamente su voluntad de « forjar una nación de deportistas ». Rápidamente apodado el « Primer Deportista de la Nación », el presidente argentino considera que el deporte debe integrar el área de responsabilidades del Estado nacional. A partir de fuentes institucionales, administrativas, deportivas y diplomáticas, esta investigación rastrea los objetivos de la política deportiva peronista y los recursos implementados para alcanzarlos. Siguiendo una perspectiva de historia social y microhistoria, este trabajo examina la aplicación concreta en el seno de los clubes y de las federaciones deportivas de las medidas adoptadas por el régimen peronista, sus contradicciones y sus límites. Esta tesis también analiza la naturaleza de las relaciones establecidas entre los actores deportivos y el poder peronista. Estas se definen por su diversidad y su complejidad, caracterizadas por lógicas clientelistas, parcialmente heredadas, una busca del consenso y formas de acuerdo, nutridas por intereses compartidos entre el medio deportivo y los mandatarios políticos. Sin embargo, estos vínculos fueron marcados también por formas de resistencia y conflictividad, reforzadas por la polarización de la sociedad argentina y el autoritarismo creciente del régimen peronista al final del periodo
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Manirakiza, Désiré. "Sport et société en contexte africain. Analyse des enjeux sociaux du sport-loisir au Cameroun à l'ère de la mondialisation." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1020.
Анотація:
Alors que la sociologie dominante soutient que, d’une part, la mondialisation du sport entraîne dans son sillage un processus d’uniformisation des cultures sportives et que,d’autre part, les sociétés postmodernes vouent un culte au loisir libre et désintéressé, l’idéeque défend cette thèse est que l’application d’une pareille lecture n’est pas inéluctable enAfrique en général et au Cameroun en particulier et ce, pour deux raisons au moins.Premièrement, même si l’impact du système mondial sur le champ ludosportif camerounaisest indéniable, l’étude des activités sportives dans leur spécificité nationale et leurssingularités pratiques montre que le sport, en tant que fait social, porte toujours les marquesde la société qui l’abrite. Deuxièmement, dans des pays moins avancés comme c’est le cas duCameroun, le loisir sportif, dans la mesure où il occasionne la rencontre d’une pluralitéd’acteurs aux statuts différents, ne peut pas être détaché des problèmes que vivent auquotidien les acteurs qu’il implique. Il est plutôt une ressource sociale et ne se comprendtotalement que lorsqu’on examine ce sur quoi il débouche en termes de relations, de réseaux,d’échanges de capitaux, etc. Sur la base d’une problématique s’insérant dans la perspectiveinteractionniste, et s’appuyant méthodologiquement sur une approche à la fois qualitative etquantitative, nos observations ont permis de constater que la pratique du sport collectif,notamment le football, le basketball et la course du week-end, ne repose pas simplement surdes besoins de loisir et de divertissement. Il s’agit aussi d’une arène (au sens militaire et sociologique) où s’affrontent des acteurs aux rationalités calculatrices protéiformesMeanwhile the dominant sociology assumes that globalization generates astandardization process of sports cultures, in one hand, and that postmodern societies are onlypracticing leisure in a free and disinterested spirit in another hand, this thesis is structuredaround the main idea that such an analytical trends are not adequate in Africa globally and inCameroon in particular for two reasons at least. Firstly, even if the globalization’s effects onCameroonian sports is not to be denied, the study of sports activities in their nationalspecificities and given the singularities of the practices displays the fact that, as a total socialphenomenon, sport always carries the brand of the society where it takes place. Secondly, inless developed countries as in Cameroon case, sport leisure, in the extend that it generates thecontact between numerous actors with different social statuses, can’t be separated from thedaily problems experienced by individuals involved. It is moreover a social resource andcould be totally understood only if it is examined in it outcomes in terms of relations, socialnetworks, exchange of capitals, etc. Taking root in an interactionist perspective, andexploiting both a quantitative and qualitative methodology, observing the Cameroonian sportleisure led to notice that the practice of collective sport, as football, basketball and theweekend race, is not motivated by the mere needs of leisure and entertainment. It is also anarena (in the military and sociological extend) where actors endowed with calculatingrationalities are confronting themselves
44
Sysel, Tomáš. "ResPublica/Civitas Socialis – Strachotín, l. p. 2017." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316286.
Анотація:
The theme of the development of the existing sports grounds was dealt with Based on a number of analyzes, visits to the site and communication with the community management, the theme of the development of the existing sports grounds was dealt with. The whole territory is up to a football field in a very maintained conditions. There are two smaller accommodation facilities, which are seasonally used mainly by schools in nature and other students, but their condition is quite unsatisfactory. The soccer field, which is the only one maintained, belongs to the existing base of soccer players - the dressing room with the clubhouse. Their condition is also somewhat aggravated. In the current spatial plan, the whole proposed area is at the interface of two areas, the first is the area of sport and individual recreation and the second is the area to be examined. Urban design is based on the location of the existing soccer field and the preservation or improvement of existing links to the surrounding area. Most of the paved areas will be overtaken. Part of the design of the development of sports activities in the village was also to find a possible solution for parking for tourists, for which there is no free space in the village. The chosen location is advantageous in that, when a parking lot will be created, it will be created near the main entrance to the village on road II. Cl. No. 420 from Hustopeče through the village. Architectonically, but also conceptually, the construction is based on the economic possibilities of the municipality, the possibilities of variability of the solution and especially of the possibilities of staging construction. The result are two buildings. One main, replacing the background of spccer players, creates the conditions for year-round training in the new gym, for going to fitness, while part of the building is a platform for the soccer field. The second building is an accommodation that replaces the existing unsatisfactory buildings. Architecturally, they are masses that are greatly affected by the modules. The building structure and the facilities of the sports hall are structurally designed from standardized modular systems, steel containers that are interconnected to create an unusual spectacle. The area of the gym is defined by a reinforced concrete skeleton. Both buildings are covered with gold anodized sheet metal, which is profiled similarly to the peripheral walls of the containers. At the same time, the object was to create year-round sports grounds that are accessible to the general public and youth.
45
Ballin, Gérard. "Des jeux traditionnels au sport quilles et les mutations de la société Aveyronnaise." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR28412.
46
Dutheil, Frédéric. "Le sport à la cure : vie de société et distractions à Vichy, 1850-1914." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10200.
Анотація:
Les cures thermales connaissent un essor particulier au milieu du XIXe siècle. Une foule de buveurs d'eaux se rend dans les stations françaises et étrangères. Or, cet engouement ne peut être justifié uniquement par des raisons thérapeutiques. Les nombreuses possibilités de loisirs dans les villes d'eaux sont également à prendre en considération. Ainsi, la vie quotidienne dans la station de Vichy est rythmée par les distractions. Outre l'inévitable casino, les bals, les représentations théâtrales, on découvre les joies des premiers sports élégants entre 1850 et 1914 : turf, tir aux pigeons, lawn-tennis, golf, automobile, aviation, etc. Notre problématique est liée aux processus d'implantation, de résistances éventuelles et de transformations des pratiques sportives à Vichy. La diffusion des pratiques et spectacles sportifs est-elle le résultat d'une transformation des manières de concevoir la santé ou l'expression d'une stratégie publicitaire pour conquérir et attirer une clientèle ?
47
Delalandre, Matthieu. "Sociologie des sciences de la performance sportive en France." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00511014.
Анотація:
Les sciences de la performance sportive ont d'abord été sous tutelle de la sphère médicale et du monde de l'éducation physique. Elles se sont autonomisées et impliquent aujourd'hui une pluralité de chercheurs dans des institutions diverses, dont les finalités affichées vont de la production de connaissances théoriques à l'aide aux entraîneurs et aux sportifs. Ces institutions constituent des systèmes de contraintes et de ressources spécifiques, au regard de ces finalités, pour les scientifiques : ceux-ci doivent rendre visible, justifier ce qu'ils font et bénéficient en retour de ressources pour leur travail. L'activité scientifique implique également des acteurs non scientifiques : entraîneurs, sportifs, industriels, etc. Les sciences de la performance sportive sont ainsi à la croisée des intérêts d'acteurs scientifiques et non scientifiques. Elles se caractérisent par des formes de travail et des productions différenciés et typifiables, qui reflètent des modes d'engagement et de coordination particuliers entre les acteurs impliqués. Quatre " régimes scientifiques ", structurant ce domaine, ont ainsi été mis en évidence. Chacun d'entre eux peut être caractérisé par des finalités, des modes de fonctionnement et des contraintes spécifiques liées au rapport entretenus entre les acteurs scientifiques et non scientifiques, notamment ceux de la sphère sportive. Par ailleurs, la performance sportive, de par sa complexité, ne se laisse pas toujours enfermer dans les taxonomies disciplinaires officielles et donne ainsi lieu à des modalités particulières de travail interdisciplinaire
48
Verchère, Raphaël. "Travail, ordre et discipline : la société sportive et ses tensions." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30051/document.
Анотація:
Dès son origine anglaise au XIXe siècle dans les public schools, le sport répondait à des impératifs stratégiques allant du contrôle des populations étudiantes, jusqu'au projet plus vaste de formation d'une élite conquérante. Dans l'importation en France du sport, Pierre de Coubertin posa des objectifs similaires, désirant réformer une société jugée en crise. Le sport, caractérisé par une liberté encadrée et régulée, se heurta dans ce projet à la gymnastique, autre mode de contrôle des populations en vigueur dans les pratiques corporelles, marqué par le disciplinaire. Surtout, tel que pensé par Coubertin, le caractère du sport est fondamentalement ambivalent, étant à la fois aliénant et émancipateur. Cette ambiguïté se cristallise dans la question de l'égalitarisme. En effet, le sport, fondamentalement aristocratique au sens où il ne profite qu'aux forts physiquement, parvient paradoxalement à se présenter comme une pure méritocratie où le rang de chacun serait uniquement dépendant des efforts fournis, produisant ainsi ordre et travail. Cette représentation méritocratique du sport s'est cependant construite tout au long du XXe siècle, répondant à un progressif oubli de son caractère aristocratique. Toutefois, malgré les évolutions des discours, le fait sportif demeure aristocratique, tant physiologiquement que psychologiquement. Des résistances naissent : celles du sport lui-même, qui ne parvient pas à se réduire au seul mérite ; celles des sportifs, qui élaborent des stratégies qualifiées de délictueuses (triche, dopage, etc.) afin de subvertir l'aristocratie sportive. Des corps utiles, des âmes travailleuses et des caractères soumis sont ainsi produits par cette dialectique du mérite. Le sport exemplifie les valeurs du mérite et tâche d'en imposer la logique, en se constituant comme un dispositif se généralisant peu à peu à tous les champs de la sociétéFrom its British beginning in the XIXth century in the public schools, sport was meant for the strategic imperatives of controlling student populations and at a larger scale for training a dominating elite. Pierre de Coubertin has set similar goals when importing sport in France, wanting to reform a society considered in crisis. Sport, characterized by a framed and regulated freedom, faced gymnastics, the established method of population control by body practice, characterized by discipline. Above all, as thought by Coubertin, the sport characteristic is fundamentally ambivalent, being both alienating and emancipating. This ambiguity crystallize itself in the issue of egalitarianism. Sport, fundamentally aristocratic in the sense that it benefits only to physically strong people, paradoxically succeeds to show itself as a pure meritocracy where ranking is solely dependent of the provided efforts, thus producing order and work. This meritocratic representation of sport has built itself throughout the XXth century, gradually replacing its aristocratic characteristic. However, despite the evolutions of speeches, the sporting fact remains aristocratic, both on physiological and psychological sides. Some resistances arise: those of sport itself, which can not reduce itself to the sole merit; those of the sportsmen, who elaborate strategies described as unlawful (cheating, doping, etc.) in order to subvert the sport aristocracy. Useful bodies, hardworking minds, submissive personalities are thus produced by this dialectic of merit. Sport exemplifies the values of merit and try to compel its logic, by constituting itself as an apparatus which gradually extends to all fields of the society
49
Reifsnyder, Laura Kathryn. "Jocks for Justice: How Sports Media Reflects and Propagates Societal Narratives." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1810.
Анотація:
Sports presents one of the most popular forms of entertainment in society, and sports media continues to expand its billion-dollar influence through new television deal and broadcasting rights. But with a population of journalists who are overwhelmingly white, straight, and male, sports media is promoting the hegemony of said image by reproducing stereotypes in its broadcasts to audiences around the country. Mainstream media regurgitates these stereotypes in their coverage of minority athlete by portraying black players as unintelligent or “thug”-ish, women as “butch”, and gay athletes as effeminate. These representations allow for the perpetuation of the white, heterosexual male narrative throughout society while sidelining those who do not fit the description. But just as sports media is growing in popularity, so too is the athlete activist. Starting in 2013, today’s athletic superstars are now using their exalted platforms to address societal issues and speak on behalf of marginalized groups that are often ignored or misrepresented by traditional media narratives. The efforts of Colin Kaepernick, Billie Jean King, and Jason Collins in fighting against the system and these stereotypes will reveal how certain athletes are represented in the media and their unique position of changing the discussion and inspiring others to challenge societal norms. The growing popularity of social media and its use as a tool for social activism will also be examined, particularly as it has revolutionized the culture of athlete activism.
50
Grilc, Brandon. "Stealing Home: How American Society Preserves Major League Baseball Stadiums, Ballparks, & Fields." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18547.
Анотація:
This study focuses on a cultural phenomenon that is driven by the demolition of Major League Baseball stadiums, ballparks, and fields. Prompted by their inherent role in the evolution of the sport and the inadequacies of the existing historic preservation framework, this study examines how American society preserves this utilitarian form, after their demolition, through observations, data collection, and analysis. In doing so, this study exposes that Major League Baseball stadiums, ballparks, and fields are preserved through the use of nine overlapping preservation methods, which memorialize five significant features. However, though these preservation methods do not prevent Major League Baseball stadiums from being demolished, they do illustrate how our society alternatively preserves historically and culturally significant resources when the existing historic preservation framework is rendered incompatible.