Дисертації: "Special area"

1

Van, Breda Shannon. "Improving partnership-based governance for special management areas: lessons from the Nuwejaars Wetland Special Management Area." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12088.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
Recognizing its constitutional obligation to ensure environmental sustainability, the Provincial Government of the Western Cape (PGWC) has adopted a bioregional planning approach to promote sustainable development in the province. One of the mechanisms designed by the PGWC and advocated for implementing bioregional planning at the local level is the Special Management Area (SMA)...This research is motivated by a desire to understand the nature of such a partnership arrangement, how it was established and sustained and how it functions to ensure successful transitions to sustainability. The researcher decided to explore these questions by examining the NW SMA.

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2

Kreiser, Kilian. "SPAN (Special Protection Area Network) : A platform to protect bird protection areas." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-72662.

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Background The foundation for life on our planet are all the resources we can draw upon: sunlight, clean water, fresh air and many more. But one existential resource a lot of people are not aware of, is the rich variety of life forms on earth. Biodiversity surrounds us every day: It is in the clothes we wear, the food we eat and the medicine we take. It is also an important driver for tourism, economy and technology: Various technological innovations are directly inspired by nature.But biodiversity is degrading rapidly caused by the rising land consumption in many countries. In Germany, this pressure is exceedingly high: 70% of natural habitats are endangered, 40% of animal species are on the IUCN red list and every second bird species is threatened.Using scientific methods and inventive technology, SPAN helps to monitor bird protection areas in Germany and to collect data as a basis to enforce conservation supported by European legislation.
Methods Involving all important stakeholders was inevitable to make sure the result will fit their needs. In meetings with coordinators of different existing caretaker networks in Berlin I learned about the organizational aspects and got an holistic perspective on the topic. The creation of blueprint drafts and stakeholder maps in an early phase was an effective way to figure out what kind of touchpoints are needed by which users.Voluntary caretakers who monitor protection areas are the primary users, so I conducted interviews with caretakers of other networks to learn everything about their monitoring work, their needs and experiences.An in-depth analysis and synthesis of my research findings led to the ideation phase where I explored in which ways I could involve, educate, bond and assist caretakers with diverse profiles. Getting their feedback on the ideas helped me to select the most promising concepts and consolidate the final result.
Result SPAN consists of a web-application and a smartphone app performing a wide range of functions for caretakers of protection areas. With their help they can retrieve information, network with other caretakers, conduct monitoring activities and submit reports about the condition of protection areas.With SPAN, caretakers can learn about habitats, species, and other caretakers who help with monitoring them. Together they can plan their activities and exchange information with the shared schedule and annotation tools.With the smartphone app, caretakers can take notes or retrieve location based information while being out in the field. Another mobile feature are customizable print-out forms making the caretakers independent from access to power or signal-coverage.Filled-in forms are digitalized and put into the database with the help of an image recognition scanning tool.With SPAN, caretakers can also lend unmanned photogrammetry vehicles to conduct aerial monitoring in a feasible and easy-to-use way.
SPAN - A platform to monitor bird protection areas.

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3

Sheldrake, Danielle Angelina. "A Comparative Study of Administrator and Special Education Teacher Perceptions of Special Education Teacher Attrition and Retention." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1499.

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This mixed methods study identifies perceived causes of and solutions to the attrition of special education teachers. Researchers have documented that special education teaching positions encounter higher attrition rates than their general education peers (Katsiyannis, Zhang, & Conroy in Olivarez & Arnold, 2006; Mitchell & Arnold, 2004; Otto & Arnold, 2005; Stempien & Loeb, 2002). More than 66 administrators and 200 special education teachers/Teachers on Special Assignment (TOSAs) employed in the Portland, Oregon metro area (Washington, Clackamas, and Multnomah counties) completed a survey on special education teacher attrition and retention and identified what they believed are the causes of high special education teacher attrition rates and what interventions would increase rates of special education teacher retention. The results of the surveys from the two sub-groups were compared and contrasted and it was determined administrators and special education teachers share similar perceptions of the causes of high special education teacher attrition rates and similar perceptions of interventions to increase retention rates. The results were also analyzed to determine if administrators and special education teachers and TOSAs identify the same causes of special education teacher attrition and interventions to increase retention rates.

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4

Singh, Suruchi. "Knowledge of Special Education Law Among Administrators in a Southern California Special Education Local Plan Area." Thesis, Brandman University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3685704.

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The purpose of this study was (a) to identify the knowledge of special education law among administrators within a SELPA in California and (b) to identify the training needs of administrators; 65 administrators participated in this quantitative study, yielding a response rate of 84%. A survey created on the six principles of IDEA was used with administrators (principals and assistant principals) who serve approximately 42,000 students at 50 public schools. Analysis of data revealed that Hypothesis 1, which projected that 51% or more administrators would perceive their knowledge of special education law as average or better, was supported. Hypothesis 2, which predicted that 51% or more administrators would not be able to attain the 70% criterion of basic knowledge on the survey of knowledge of special education law, was supported by the findings of the study. Hypothesis 3, which anticipated a positive gap between perceived and actual knowledge of special education law for administrators, was supported. Hypothesis 4, which predicted a positive relationship between administrators' education level, position, years of experience as an administrator, and their actual knowledge of special education law, had partial support. A positive significant correlation was found between participants' current position and their total knowledge of special education law. Hypothesis 5, which anticipated a positive gap between the administrators' training needs and their actual assessed knowledge of special education law, was supported. Training areas of IDEA principles that require expanded emphasis include LRE, procedural safeguards, FAPE, evaluation, and parental participation. The results of this study will guide administrators to proactively and eagerly embrace the need to expand their knowledge, experiences, and professional acuity in special education. As for future research, effective communication and collaboration between administrators and parents should be studied in light of its impact on litigation. Additionally, a similar study, using the same survey, should be conducted with district superintendents and the results studied in light of their respective special education programs. Lastly, the field may benefit from a Delphi study utilizing a panel of experts to study and support the need for administrative training in special education.

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5

Walker, S. C. A. "Development of mining electrical technology with special reference to south Midlands area." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372023.

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6

O'Connell, Marijo F. "Effect of Presentation Modality on Learning and Memory Performance in Children with Specific Learning Disabilities in the Area of Language." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1125089011.

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7

Marks, Lori J., and Tina M. Hudson. "Peer Assisted Learning Strategies for Reading and Content Area Instruction." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3672.

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8

McGregor, Otis W. "Command and control of special operations forces missions in the US northern command area of responsibility /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA432342.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Sceurity and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2005.
Thesis Advisor(s): Christopher Bellavita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89). Also available online.

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9

Steyn, Jumari. "Epidemiology of bluetongue virus with special reference to the Mnisi area, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46211.

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the prototype member of the genus Orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. This virus causes an economically important infectious, non-contagious disease, bluetongue, rendering it a notifiable disease at the OIE. Twenty six serotypes of the virus have been identified that are transmitted primarily by certain species of biting midges that belong to the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). The distribution of BTV is determined by the occurrence of competent Culicoides midge species, climatic conditions and susceptible ruminant hosts. During the last decade BTV has become a major concern worldwide as well as the focus point of many epidemiological studies and surveillance programmes. The first experimental study was based in Mnisi, a rural area located in Mpumalanga. This area is adjacent to the Kruger National Park and ideally represents the interphase in a wildlife-domestic animal interaction. Cattle farming is the major source of income of the local community. Chapter 2 focused on determining the prevalent Culicoides spp. in the area as well as to determine whether BTV is circulating among cattle in the area. The epidemiology of bluetongue virus is very complex due to the involvement of several mammalian hosts and vector species. The role of cattle in the epidemiology of BT in SA is not well understood. Light traps were used to collect midges over 16 trap nights during autumn and winter. Culicoides midges were identified to species level and pooled (200 midges/ pool). Midge pools were subjected to real-time RT-qPCR to test for the presence of BTV RNA. Serum samples were randomly collected from 1 260 cattle and screened for antibodies specific to bluetongue virus using a BTV-specific cELISA. Blood samples were collected from seronegative cattle and screened for the presence of BTV RNA with a real-time RT-qPCR. Twenty-five different Culicoides spp. were identified of which C. imicola were found to be the most abundant. Of the 25 species collected, 19 species yielded parous females with 16 Culicoides species demonstrating a vector rating higher than 25%. Bluetongue virus RNA was detected in 51.2% and 75.9% of midge pools collected during autumn and winter, respectively resulting in an infection prevalence of 0.3% and 0.7%. Antibodies specific to BTV were detected in 1 206 (95.7%) of the sera samples tested with significant differences (p < 0.05) in seroprevalence between age groups and between villages. No significant differences in seroprevalence were observed between different breeds or sex. A total of 16 out of 45 (35.5%) blood samples from seronegative cattle tested positive for BTV RNA. These results demonstrate that C. imicola is the most abundant midge species and that BTV is highly prevalent in autumn as well as throughout winter in Mnisi. The second part of the study focused on the overwintering of BTV in Culicoides populations at the ARC-OVI. The exact method(s) of overwintering of BTV is unknown. Recent studies have suggested that the virus is overwintering within the midge vector. Climatic conditions in South Africa are suitable for adult Culicoides midges to remain active throughout much of the year with only certain areas where temperatures can become unsuitable. During such periods ambient temperature might be too low for midge emergence or viral replication within the vector. It is hypothesised that during summer, BTV infection becomes more prevalent in the Culicoides population and therefore disease only occurs in late summer to early autumn. Real-time RT-qPCR was used to detect BTV in Culicoides midges collected from July 2010 to August 2011. Bluetongue virus RNA was detected in 52 out of 57 (91.2%) midge pools tested. The results obtained strengthen the findings of chapter 2 demonstrating that BTV is present throughout winter in Culicoides populations at various temperatures. It is therefore clear Culicoides are present throughout the year and that BTV are capable of overwintering within the midge even though temperatures fall well below the normal activity range of these midges. This also forms part of a study focussing on overwintering of AHSV in the Culicoides vector. In the last research chapter of the dissertation, segment 10 of BTV isolates previously used as reference strains in the Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, from 1972 - 2000 were compared to establish the topotypes of these strains. Bluetongue virus can be divided into five topotypes based on segment 10 i.e. western 1, 2 and 3 and eastern 1 and 2. The groupings are based on evolutionary distinct geographical variants and phylogenetic analysis. It is hypothesised that the segment 10 genes have co-evolved with respect to the specific Culicoides species found in a geographical area. Comparing the highly conserved NS3 gene region to newly isolated strains in South Africa as well as to representative global strains could give us an indication of the degree of variability between strains and serotypes. Segment 10 from these samples were sequenced and compared to global NS3 sequences. A total of 11 sequences were obtained and submitted to GenBank. All sequences demonstrated the conserved cysteine regions as well as the tryptophan residue. Both hydrophobic regions and the proline-rich regions were also conserved throughout all 11 isolates as well as the two glycosylation sights. Both a neighbour-joining and a neighbour-net tree were compiled using MEGA 6 and SplitsTree 4 respectively. Three lineages groups were established with i.e. western group 1 and 2 and eastern group 1. The phylogenetic trees coincide with previous studies done on segment 10 of the BTV genome. These results also confirm that BTV-20, BTV-21 and BTV-23 are exotic to South Africa. BTV-2 demonstrated the ability of strains to cluster together, irrespective of their serotype providing evidence of genetic differences within serotypes. The presence of both competent midges and amplifying host, e.g. cattle and wildlife, contribute in the epidemiology of the disease, especially in episystems where distinct grouping of viruses co-evolved with respect to specific Culicoides species. The epidemiology of BTV is therefore likely to be largely influenced by the level of contact between livestock (and wildlife) and BTV-infected Culicoides species that influences both the distribution and the genetics of the virus.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
MSc
Unrestricted

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10

Kao, Yuk-chun. "Democratisation and law of Taiwan : with special reference to United States economic pressures." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3993/.

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This thesis discusses the impact of the United States' foreign economic policy on the legal and political systems of Taiwan. Its focus is the bilateral negotiations between Taiwan and the United States and the evolution of the legal and political systems on Taiwan. The widely acknowledged economic miracle of Taiwan has been combined, in recent years, with a deliberate attempt to transform the country's political structures in a democratic direction. Paradoxically, Taiwan's move towards democracy has seriously strained Taiwan / United States relations. For many years, the special relations between the two countries were characterised by Taiwan's almost total dependency on the United States both as a market for its products as well as a protector of its territorial integrity. The end of the Cold War, the new role of the People's Republic of China and the globalisation of the international economy have brought this special relation to an end. The changing nature of the relationship between the United States and Taiwan has not, however, brought an end the traditional behaviour of the United States towards Taiwan which was characterised by aggressive unilateralism. This thesis argues that in the changing context of the 1990s as the negotiating agenda between the two countries expand, the aggressive unilateralism of the United States is undermining the process of democratisation and eroding the rule of law on Taiwan. In order to comply with American pressure, the government of Taiwan is forced to resort to authoritarian measures based on the old corporatist framework that the transition to democracy is meant to supersede. Interestingly, the implications of the undemocratic consequences of these pressure do not seem to concern the United States, as short term economic advantage takes precedence over other considerations. For Taiwan, the way out of this vicious circle of external pressure - undemocratic response - external pressure is to diversify its international economic links. The problems and implications of this policy options are discussed in the thesis. The specific policy areas analysed in this thesis are commodity trade, trade in services and intellectual property protection.

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11

McGregor, Otis W. III. "Command and control of Special Operations Forces missions in the US Northern Command Area of Responsibility." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2198.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
The need for a well thought out, planned, and rehearsed command and control organization to conduct special operations in the US Northern Command Area of Responsibility is vital to success in defending the Homeland. Currently, USNORTHCOM does not have an apportioned or assigned command and control structure for the conduct of special operations. This thesis analyzes three courses of action to fulfill this requirement: use the current USNORTHCOM battle staff command structure including the integration of the Standing Joint Force Headquarters-North; rely on the newly formed US Special Operations Command's Joint Task Force Structures; and establish a Theater Special Operations Command North assigned to USNORTHCOM. Through the conduct of analysis and research this thesis recommends that The Joint Staff direct the reorganization required to establish a Theater Special Operations Command North to exercise command and control of special operations forces conducting operations in the USNORTHCOM AOR.
Lieutenant Colonel, United States Army

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12

Yusufoglu, Ayca. "A Critical Review Of The Tools And Techniques Used In Coastal Planning: Case Study Mugla-gokova Special Environmental Protection Area." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612354/index.pdf.

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A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE TOOLS &
TECHNIQUES USED IN COASTAL PLANNING: CASE STUDY MUGLA-GÖ
KOVA SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AREA Yusufoglu, Ayç
a M. S., Programme of City Planning Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serap Kayasü
June 2010, 119 Pages This study focuses on the issue of coastal area management in terms of planning techniques and tools as well as legal aspects necessary in order to clarify the components of a successful coastal area planning process. It has been emphasized that planning of the coastal area should be performed within the context of integrated policy mechanism considering maintance of biodiversity, public participation and, promoting diversification among coastal related economic uses such as tourism, aquaculture, fishing. The thesis haS been grouped into according to definitions of coastal area, coastal planning and legislation, institutions, organizations, international commisions regarding coastal areas and Gö
kova Special Environment Protection Area from the perspective of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM). The case section of the thesis formed by five phases of Gö
kova SEPA 1/25.000 scaled Environmental Relation Plan in order to achieve ICM. Also, this is the first study performed by the reviewing of the tools and techniques used in the Gö
kova SEPA towards Integrated Coastal Management approach.

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13

Teien, Dag. "Assessment of aortic stenosis with special reference to Doppler ultrasound." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Klinisk fysiologi, 1986. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-103813.

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14

Dreyer, Annerine. "The role of special management areas in the protection of the urban edge." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52571.

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Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study considers the possibility of using special management areas at metropolitan level as a measure to control urban sprawl in South Africa, and specifically in the greater Cape Town area. Important issues included in the study are: international and local measures currently and previously used, relevant South African legislation that support urban edge protection, economic and ethical theories regarding urban edge protection, the measures currently implemented in Stellenbosch, an examination of special management areas and recommendations. International attempts in curbing urban sprawl dates back to post-Industrial Revolution Europe (1800s). British and American measures are compared, mostly differing in the level of public support of sustainable development. Local attempts have been limited and have not been implemented at the scale of international measures. Recently developed policies such as the Metropolitan Spatial Development Framework (1996) and the Bioregional Planning Framework (2000) are more directly focussed on sustainable development than previous policies (e.g. guide plans and structure plans) have been. The Metropolitan Spatial Development Framework proposes the demarcation of urban edges in the Cape Metropolitan Region, while the Bioregional Planning Framework is intent on dividing the Western Cape Province into bioregions. The Bioregional Planning Framework originated the use of special management areas to control development in rural (agricultural and natural) areas. The idea of this study is to measure the feasibility of using special management areas at metropolitan level, in conjunction with both the Metropolitan Spatial Development Framework and the Bioregional Planning Framework, to protect the urban edge. This study concludes by disproving its hypothesis: special management areas have limited applicability as a general urban edge control measure at metropolitan level.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie oorweeg die moontlike gebruik van spesiale bestuursareas in Suid-Afrika, en spesifiek in die groter Kaapstad gebied as maatreël vir die bekamping van stadskruip. Belangrike kwessies wat in hierdie studie ingesluit word is: internasionale en plaaslike maatreëls wat tans en in die verlede gebruik is om stadsgrense the beskerm, relevante Suid- Afrikaanse wetgewing wat die beskerming van stadsgrense ondersteun, toepaslike ekonomiese en etiese teorieë, maatreëls wat tans deur Stellenbosch geïmplementeer word, 'n ondersoek na spesiale bestuursareas, en voorstelle vir toekomstige beleid. Internasionale pogings om stadskruip te bekamp dateer uit die post-Industriële Revolusie era in Europa (1800s). Britse en Amerikaanse maatreëls is vergelyk. Die mees merkbare verskil tussen dié twee lande lê in die vlak van openbare steun vir volhoubare ontwikkeling. Die omvang van plaaslike pogings was in die verlede beperk tot gids- en struktuurplanne, wat nie veel beskerming aan die rand van die stad gebied het nie. Beleide wat onlangs ontwikkel is (die Metropolitaanse Ruimtelike Ontwikkelingsraamwerk en die Biostreekbeplanningsraamwerk) fokus meer direk op volhoubare ontwikkeling as hul voorgangers. Die Metropolitaanse Ruimtelike Ontwikkelingsraamwerk (1996) stel die afbakening van stadsgrense voor, terwyl die Biostreekbeplanningsraamwerk (2000) voorstel dat die Wes- Kaapse Provinsie in biostreke verdeel word. Die Biostreekbeplanningsraamwerk het oorspronklik die gebruik van spesiale bestuursareas voorgestel om ontwikkeling in landelike (landbou en natuurlike) gebiede te beheer. Die idee van hierdie studie is om die uitvoerbaarheid van die gebruik van spesiale bestuursareas op metropolitaanse vlak, saam met die Metropolitaanse Ruimtelike Ontwikkelingsraamwerk en die Biostreekbeplanningsraamwerk, te bepaal. Hierdie studie sluit af deur die hipotese verkeerd te bewys: spesiale bestuursareas het beperkte toepaslikheid as algemene stadsgrens beheermaatreëlop metropolitaanse vlak.

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15

Elizondo, de la Garza David C. "Hidden Failures in Protection Systems and its Impact on Power System Wide-area Disturbances." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31890.

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This document explores Hidden Failures in protection systems, which have been identified as key contributors in the degradation of Power System wide-area disturbances. The Hidden Failure Modes in which the protection systems may fail to operate correctly and their consequences are identified in a theoretical approach. This theoretical side has its practical counterpart since a number of Hidden Failure Modes are found in real wide-area disturbances. The original definition of Hidden Failure, which is a failure that remains undetected and is uncovered by another system event, is included as well as developments on Hidden Failure sequence of events and a methodology for Hidden Failure identification. This method is based on Protection Element Functionality Defects (PEFD), which are applicable to all the elements included in the protective chain. PEFD are classified in two main groups. Primary and Back-up protection schemes applied for Generators, Buses, Transformers and Transmission Lines are analyzed. The abnormal Power System conditions that each Power System element may have are enumerated. A catalogue of the relays or relay systems, in charge of detecting and stopping the continuous presence of the abnormal conditions is developed. Relay families organize this catalogue. The relaying schemes for five Special Protection Systems are described. Thirty-three Hidden Failures Modes are included based on the relaying implementation for Primary protection, Back-up protection and Special Protection Systems. These Hidden Failures Modes are based on PEFD-A. Hidden Failures related to PEFD-B are included in a general fashion. Wide-area disturbances based on NERC reports are analyzed and Hidden Failures are identified employing the developed methodology. The mechanisms in the disturbances are summarized and are applicable to Primary protection, Back-up protection and Special Protection Systems. Regions of Vulnerability and Areas of Consequence definitions are included and are identified for a Power System wide-area disturbance. For some protection schemes the term Condition of Vulnerability was developed. Regions of Vulnerability and Areas of Consequence will bring the initial steps towards the problem solution. Further research directions are oriented towards the development of a computer-based tool to track the regions of vulnerability in real time.
Master of Science

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16

Al-Rokn, Mohammed Abdulla Mohammed. "A study of the United Arab Emirates legislature under the 1971 Constitution : with special reference to the Federal National Council (FNC)." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1991. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36197/.

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This study Is concerned with the Federal National Council (FNC) in the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) under the 1971 Constitution. In selecting the U.A.E. as a case study, a historical and socioeconomic perspective is adopted. The thesis analyses the U.A.E. traditional society and the effect of external factor namely its relation with Britain, and internal factor, viz, the advent of oil wealth, on the power structure in the emirates. Both factors increased the concentration of central power and decreased popular participation. The study provides a theoretical appraisal of the role and functions of the legislature in developing countries. It examines the constitutional functions namely legislative, political and financial. The study suggests new roles that the legislatures performs in Third World countries. The thesis examines the historical development of the U.A.E. constitutional system. Such development ended In 1971 when the emirates adopted a "Provisional Constitution" to the requirements of the rulers. The study explores the 1971 constitution with particular emphasis on the role of the National Council. It analyses the composition, functions, role and constitutional arrangements of the National Council In the U.A.E. The study provides an analysis of the major political and constitutional cases, In which the FNC was a part, in order to examine the practical working of the constitutional provisions in reality. Finally, the thesis attempts to explain the limitations, Imposed on the National Council, present in the existing constitutional framework and suggests some improvements to the status quo. The coimnon ground throughout the thesis is that a constitution with a democratic tendency does not necessarily establish democratic institutions and that it would be more acceptable in a developing country to introduce evolutionary rather than radical changes to its constitutional system. However, the study clarifies the difficulties of concentration of central power in developing countries.

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17

Chaowsangrat, C. "Violence and forced internal migrants with special reference to the metropolitan area of Bogotá, Colombia (1990-2002)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1331874/.

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This thesis addresses topics of violence and forced internal migrants with special reference to the metropolitan area of Bogotá, Colombia between 1990 and 2002. While there is much scholarly debate by historians and political scientists about conflict between the state, guerrillas and paramilitaries in rural areas, urban violence has been relatively neglected. Violence caused many people to migrate from rural to urban areas, so that, Colombia had by 2002 more internally displaced persons than any country except Sudan. The main aims of the thesis are 1) to analyse trends in violent crime; 2) to discuss citizen security strategies that were pursued between 1990 and 2002; and 3) to examine the survival strategies of forced internal migrants in Bogotá comparing them to the strategies adopted by voluntary migrants and native residents. Chapter 1 focuses on urban homicide and kidnapping. In Colombia, 40 percent of the 25,000 annual homicides were committed in the ten largest cities during the late 1990s. The problem of kidnapping is examined by analysing changes in Colombian anti-kidnapping legislation and its application and by focusing on the authors, the victims and the risk-zones involved. Chapter 2 looks at the issue of perception and fear of violent crime. The concept of risk and the subjectivity of decision-making when facing insecurity are examined. Chapter 3 investigates citizen security strategies during the administrations of Presidents César Gaviria (1990-1994), Ernesto Samper (1994-1998) and Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002). Chapter 4 develops an analysis of patterns of selectivity based on the notions of forced vis-à-vis voluntary migration and economic vis-à-vis non-economic migration. A research design collecting comparative data on households with diverse migration experiences residing in three locations within the metropolitan area of Bogotá is applied. Chapter 5 explores the socioeconomic characteristics of forced migrants and compares them to voluntary migrants from outside and migrants who moved within Bogotá.

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18

Warnock, James. "Heathland productivity and the determination of stocking densities in the Eastern Mournes Area of Special Scientific Interest." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325968.

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19

Chung, See-lung. "The school effectiveness of a special school for moderately mentally handicapped children in Hong Kong : curriculum area /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21304087.

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20

Ferreira, Vesga Laura E. "High School Content-Area Teachers’ Responses to an Exploratory, Investigative, and Experimental Professional Development Program for Content Area Literacy." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2635.

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Adolescent literacy rates for students who struggle, particularly those with disabilities are alarming, especially in light of increased educational standards. As higher standards place a greater emphasis on reading and writing, addressing students’ literacy needs in the content areas has become a topic of interest in reading education. Although there is much debate about how to address this need, it is clear that content area teachers need support addressing literacy in their subject areas. An exploratory case study design was used to examine the responses of high school content area teachers to an EIE (exploratory, investigative, and experimental) professional development (PD) program. Specifically, the researcher sought to describe what the teachers considered to be valuable and useful aspects of the different components of the experience as it related to their practice, the outcomes they anticipated for struggling students, and their knowledge of literacy in the content areas. Ten content area teachers participated in 21.5 hours of professional development over a period of two months. Data about their PD experiences were collected during focus group discussions, individual interviews, observations, and completed questionnaires. When discussing the teachers’ descriptions and observations of their literacy practices, teachers reported an increased awareness of their practice as it pertained to literacy implementation. In the analysis of the outcomes teachers anticipated for struggling adolescents, including those with disabilities, teachers reported increased sense of control over the academic outcomes of struggling students. When addressing questions in reference to the effective components of the EIE PD experience, the teachers favored equally: (a) applicability of information, (b) exposure to literature, (c) autonomous systems, and (d) collaboration. Lastly, support emerged as an integral component of a constructivist EIE PD approach. All teachers in the study reported that support played a pivotal role in how they learned about and implemented literacy practices in their content area. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that PD address and validate the current perceptions and concerns among content area teachers in relation to literacy implementation. PD should support teachers as they reflect upon their reported instructional limitations in relation to their needs and their students’ needs. Second, literacy PD for content area teachers must provide systematic support for teachers to explore, investigate and experiment with literacy in their content. Lastly, PD designed to support content area teacher’s use of literacy strategies in the content areas should provide teachers the opportunities to drive the literacy PD content in order to address needs specific to their classroom and school communities.

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21

Reese, Pam Britton. "The Enculturation of Graduate Communication Disorder Students into Literacy as an Area of Clinical Education." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615295.

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Graduate students in Communication Disorders were found to become enculturated in the use of a specific literacy strategy to help struggling young readers. Supervisors used four transmission modes: modeling, feedback, collaboration and humor as symbolic channels to transmit knowledge and actions (defined as mechanisms) that were needed for the enculturation process. Mechanisms included negotiating power, linking classroom to the clinic, employing reflection, planning, extending thinking, using contrastiveness, verification, affiliating, making positive acknowledgements, employing cognitive dissonance, highlighting, using recurrency, explicit contextualizing, and employing independence. Situated learning experience was also identified as a necessary aspect of enculturation. Powerful mechanisms for struggling students were identified as reflection, employing cognitive dissonance and peer sharing (employing independence).

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22

Li, Tian. "The implications of foreign investment in special economic zones and Pudong Development Zone (Pudong New Area) of China." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ54465.pdf.

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23

Halls, Terry T. "The experience of parents raising a child with special health care needs while living in a rural area." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1798480931&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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24

Landstrom, Ingegerd. "Towards Collaborative Coastal Management in Sri Lanka? : A study of Special Area Management planning in Sri Lanka's coastal region." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7287.

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This thesis is concerned with the efforts to bring about a greater degree of local community participation in the use and management of Sri Lanka's coastal land and natural resources. Through the application of the Special Area Management (SAM) strategy in geographically distinct areas along the coast, the aim is to create collaborative arrangements - partnerships - that will enable coastal communities and local governments to work together with the Sri Lankan state and share responsibility and authority over the management of coastal land and natural resources.

Using a political-geographical perspective that highlights the political and spatial dimensions of this shift in forms for governing the coast, the thesis seeks to identify and discuss factors that can have a bearing on the participatory dimension of collaborative coastal management in Sri Lanka. The thesis focuses particularly on factors influencing the role played by the local communities and the degree to which they actually come to share authority with respect to the use and management of coastal natural resources as envisioned in the SAM strategy.

The thesis illustrates that, despite an ambition to bring about a sharing of authority and control in costal management, this has not quite worked out in practice. Due to circumstances relating both to the SAM strategy itself and to the context in which it is implemented, the degree to which coastal communities have gained any degree of influence with respect to the management of coastal land and resources remains questionable.

The study is carried out prior to the tsunami that hit the Sri Lankan shores in December 2004. However, given the major reconstruction of Sri Lanka's coast that currently is ongoing and the controversy that surrounds it, the issues raised in this thesis are highly relevant.

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25

Landström, Ingegerd. "Towards collaborative coastal management in Sri Lanka? : a study of special area management planning in Sri Lanka's coastal region /." Uppsala : Department of Social and Economic Geography, Uppsala University [Kulturgeografiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7287.

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26

Forsell, Joakim. "Genetic subtypes in unicellular intestinal parasites with special focus on Blastocystis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för klinisk mikrobiologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-132441.

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The development of molecular tools for detection and typing of unicellular intestinal parasites has revealed genetic diversities in species that were previously considered as distinct entities. Of great importance is the genetic distinction found between the pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica and the non-pathogenic Entamoeba dispar, two morphologically indistinguishable species. Blastocystis sp. is a ubiquitous intestinal parasite with unsettled pathogenicity. Molecular studies of Blastocystis sp. have identified 17 genetic subtypes, named ST1-17. Genetically, these subtypes could be considered as different species, but it is largely unknown what phenotypic or pathogenic differences exist between them. This thesis explores molecular methods for detection and genetic subtyping of unicellular intestinal parasites, with special focus on Blastocystis. We found that PCR-based methods were highly sensitive for detection of unicellular intestinal parasites, but could be partially or completely inhibited by substances present in faeces. A sample transport medium containing guanidinium thiocyanate was shown to limit the occurrence of PCR inhibition. The prevalence of Blastocystis in Swedish university students was over 40%, which is markedly higher than what was previously estimated. Blastocystis ST3 and ST4 were the two most commonly found Blastocystis subtypes in Sweden, which is similar to results from other European countries. Blastocystis sp. and Giardia intestinalis were both commonly detected in Zanzibar, Tanzania, each with a prevalence exceeding 50%. Blastocystis ST1, ST2, and ST3 were common, but ST4 was absent. While G. intestinalis was most common in the ages 2-5 years, the prevalence of Blastocystis increased with increasing age, at least up to young adulthood. We found no statistical association between diarrhoea and Blastocystis sp., specific Blastocystis subtype or G. intestinalis. Metagenomic sequencing of faecal samples from Swedes revealed that Blastocystis was associated with high intestinal bacterial genus richness, possibly signifying gastrointestinal health. Blastocystis was also positively associated with the bacterial genera Sporolactobacillus and Candidatus Carsonella, and negatively associated with the genus Bacteroides. Blastocystis ST4 was shown to have limited intra-subtype genetic diversity and limited geographic spread. ST4 was also found to be the major driver behind the positive association between Blastocystis and bacterial genus richness and the negative association with Bacteroides.

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27

Ingram, Philip. "Sectarianism in the North West of England, with special reference to class relationships in the city of Liverpool 1846-1914." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1987. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21892/.

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Through a mixed thematic and chronological approach, this thesis attempts to place working-class anti-catholicism. within a broader social context whilst retaining. sight of the intricacies of the subject itself. Chapter One describes the city of Liverpool in the nineteenth century, with a view to providing not just a backdrop to the thesis but Pýso revealing some of the forces permanently exerting an influence on working-class opinion. The thesis argues that the most important of these forces was economic, in the form of intense rivalry for limited resources between Protestant English and Catholic Irish working people (Chapter 3). The sectarian dimension to this struggle is provided by the long-term popularity of an anti-Catholic agitation, in this case, the Papal Aggression. It finds that anti. -Catholic, in various intensities existed throughout the social classes of nineteenth century Liverpool, though its manifestations varied from class for class and between Protestant Sects. In Chapter Seven it is later suggested that the middle and upper-class deserted sectarianism leaving the working-class alone in their anxiety and outrage by the end of the century. In Chapter Five the physical manifestations of working-class anti-Catholicism are explored and it is argued that they fit into the mainstream picture of working-class leisure and middle-class respectability. Chapter Six suggests that a dual class and sectarian identity existed within the Protestant working-class which made any union with the social elite troublesome and even permitted Protestantism to be used as a vehicle for limited forms of class conflict whilst failing to prevent unity of industrial action across the sectarian divide. Chapter Seven reviews the development of anti-Catholicism as it shrinks in appeal between 1870 and 1914 to being a workingclass, Low Church or Nonconformist obsession.

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28

Graham, Day Kristall J. "Traditional Instruction Versus Direct Instruction: Teaching Content Area Vocabulary Words to High School Students with Reading Disabilities." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1281026667.

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29

Guy, C. I. "Managing the impacts of Crassostrea gigas on recovering stocks of the natural oyster Ostrea edulis in a special area of conservation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546352.

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30

Martinović, Dunja. "Special Nature Reserve Area Destination Development : Path dependence and co-evolution in the case study of "Carska Bara", Vojvodina Province, Serbia." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137442.

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The study focuses on the development path of a tourism destination area centered around a special nature reserve and adjacent rural communities in the northern part of Serbia. Utilizing evolutionary economic geography (EEG) as an increasingly present theoretical and conceptual framework in the studies of tourism, this research project employs key EEG concepts of ‘path dependence’ and ‘co-evolution’. ‘Path dependence’ examines different social, economic, institutional and sectoral factors that direct, propel and/or hinder destination development, while ‘co-evolution’ analyzes causal and relational exchanges of stakeholders within and associated with the destination. The objective of this study is to trace developmental and relational trajectories of the nature reserve, tourism enterprises in its vicinity, and the place and role of public sector in these processes. The study, therefore, aims to analyze: (1) how the concept of ‘path dependence’ applies to the tourism development path of the nature reserve; (2) the dynamics of co-evolutionary and relational exchange processes in the nature reserve destination area, namely those occurring between actors operating in both public and private sectors. The two combined EEG approaches, previously not applied within the outlined geographical context, serve to illustrate and explain overall development mechanisms within a tourism destination, relevant economically, socio-culturally as well as environmentally for its region and on the tourism market of Serbia. When methodology is concerned, the study is in form of a case study, with primary data drawn from semi-structured, in-depth interviews and supported with complementary data from relevant scientific articles, government documents, web sites and other publications. The study findings show that the nature reserve in its tourism growth displays a path dependence determined by two seemingly diverging factors: (1) rules and regulations pertaining to protected areas such as nature reserves dictate tourism development and (2) the reserve management entrepreneurial skills play a noteworthy role in shaping its tourism growth. Apart from path dependence, the tourism development path associated with the nature reserve displays path plasticity, which represents a new direction in tourism growth based on the existing infrastructural and managerial framework. Moreover, the study outcomes indicate that levels, directions and intensity of co-evolutionary and relational exchanges among all stakeholders included demonstrate several different patterns. While there is detectable relationship between the nature reserve and most local tourism-related stakeholders, relationships among local stakeholders themselves are rather uneven. Similar patterns are found regarding the involvement of public sector. Public sector is closely linked with the nature reserve, however, its association with other tourism stakeholders in the destination area is uneven. These findings support the idea that each destination area stands as a unique and complex entity, with various endogenous and exogenous factors shaping its growth.

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31

De, Swardt Junita. "Leisure functioning of learners with learning and physical disabilities a case study at an ELSEN school in the Tshwane area /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08202008-155351.

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32

Ray, Sharon N. E. "Evaluating the Efficacy of the Developing Algebraic Literacy Model: Preparing Special Educators to Implement Effective Mathematics Practices." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/466.

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For students with learning disabilities, positive academic achievement outcomes are a chief area of concern for educators across the country. This achievement emphasis has become particularly important over the last several years because of the No Child Left Behind legislation. The content area of mathematics, especially in the higher order thinking arena of algebra, has been of particular concern for student progress. While most educational research in algebra has been targeted towards remedial efforts at the high school level, early intervention in the foundational skills of algebraic thinking at the elementary level needs consideration for students who would benefit from early exposure to algebraic ideas. A key aspect of students' instruction with algebraic concepts at any level is the degree and type of preparation their teachers have received with this content. Using a mixed methods design, the current researcher investigated the usage of the Developing Algebraic Literacy (DAL) framework with preservice special education teacher candidates in an integrated practicum and coursework experience. Multiple survey measures were given at pre-, mid-, and post- junctures to assess teacher candidates' attitudes about mathematics, feelings of efficacy when teaching mathematics, and content knowledge surrounding mathematics. An instructional knowledge exam and fidelity checks were completed to evaluate teacher candidates' acquisition and application of algebraic instructional skills. Focus groups, case studies, and final project analyses were used to discern descriptive information about teacher candidates' experience while engaging in work with the DAL framework. Results indicated an increase in preservice teachers' attitudes towards mathematics instruction, feelings of efficacy in teaching mathematics, and in the content knowledge surrounding mathematics instruction. Instructional knowledge also increased across preservice teacher candidates, but abilities to apply this knowledge varied across teacher candidates', based on their number of sessions working with students within their practicum site. Further findings indicate the desire of preservice teachers to increase the length and number of student sessions within the DAL experience, as well as the need for increased levels of instructional support to enhance their own experience. This study provides preliminary support for utilizing the DAL instructional framework within preservice teacher preparation experiences for future special educators.

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33

Ouma, John Henry. "Transmission of Schistosoma Mansoni in an endemic area of Kenya with special reference to the role of human defaecation behaviour and sanitary practices." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574266.

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34

Klinken, G. J. van. "Dating and dietary reconstruction by isotopic analysis of amino acids in fossil bone collagen-with special reference to the Caribbean." Amsterdam : Fondation for Scientific Research in the Caribbean Region, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26955816.html.

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35

Bondarenko, A. I., M. O. Mittsel, and A. P. Kogushko. "Laboratory stand for research of the workflow in hydrostatic mechanical transmissions." Thesis, Vela Verlag, Germany, 2014. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/42212.

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The work of the laboratory stand as a whole as well as its particular elements is described. The effect of laws of parameters change of hydrostatic transmission fluid machines regulation and the laws of the braking torque change on the basic parameters of hydrostatic mechanical transmissions of different structures (two schemes were discussed: the first one with an inlet differential, the second - with an output differential) at implementation of both acceleration and deceleration processes is determined. The phenomenon of non-simultaneous translation of operating regimes of fluid machines being a part of the hydrostatic mechanical transmission with an “output” differential in the areas of zero speed and power modes is studied.

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36

Taylor, Linda Diane. "A descriptive study of special education costs to local education agencies and program administrators' perceptions of quality in self-contained and regional programs for seriously emotionally disturbed students in the Hampton Roads area of Virginia." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135932/.

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37

Rawdon, Paul David. "Experiences of families of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Canterbury/West Coast area." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8209.

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Many people would argue that New Zealand has had a poor reputation for providing support services for the families of people with an Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The limited support services available for families in this country were highlighted during the trial and the manslaughter conviction of Janine Albury-Thomson. Albury-Thomson was found guilty of the manslaughter of her autistic daughter, Casey (MOH, 1999). The sentencing judge called for an independent inquiry to be held to examine the extent of support services that were available for families affected by the disorder with a view to identifying any gaps that may exist and ascertaining whether or not government policy could be blamed (Norris, 1998). More than twelve years have now elapsed since the Albury-Thomson trial and research was needed to ascertain the experiences of families raising a child with ASD. This research examines the experiences of families who have a child who has an ASD diagnosis. Research participants were families of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder who reside in the Canterbury/West Coast area. The research explored the support needs of families and the informal and formal supports that are available to them in this region. This research was conducted in three parts, with each part having a distinct method of data collection allowing triangulation of research findings. Part one was a survey questionnaire distributed via a range of mediums using a snowball sampling method. The second data set was made up of two case studies that were undertaken with a semi-structured interview approach. The third set of data was elicited via a semi-structured interview process from five local service providers that provide services to those with ASD and their families. A qualitative methodology was adopted to analyse research findings. This methodological approach was selected because it gave participants the opportunity to tell their stories about the diagnostic pathway they travelled and their experiences using available services. This research has social policy relevance as it was designed to examine the participant’s experiences while using services and resources available for the families of people with ASD in the Canterbury/West Coast area. Participants told of various social, emotional, and practical impacts and of the experiences they encountered while using the various services available. While the level of awareness of ASD has increased, the diagnosis process proved to be problematic for some when using the public health system. Consistent with a 2001 study commissioned on behalf of the Autistic Association of New Zealand, participants in this study who sought a diagnosis through the public health system found it to be a protracted process. Participants attributed delays to a lack of resources or staff that had a limited knowledge of ASD and saw these factors as barriers to obtaining a diagnosis within an acceptable time frame. A more timely diagnosis was reportedly received when the private health system was used. With regards to support offered by the agencies involved with ‘day to day’ contact with families it was found that overall, competent, experienced people worked for the existing agencies and they were capable of offering support where needed. However specific issues were identified by participants including a perception that case managers failed to understand their situation because they were unfamiliar with the implications of having a family member with ASD. Significantly, family members and service providers both identified a concern about a lack of suitable accommodation that can be utilised by a person with ASD. Because there is limited research into the support needs of families of a child with ASD this research provides an important insight into the needs of a fairly marginalised, and sometimes socially isolated, group. Implications for ongoing service provision and support of families are discussed in the thesis.

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Long, Chen Kun, and 陳坤隆. "Study of Regulations of Special Area for Sexual Transaction." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u6v7fw.

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碩士
南臺科技大學
財經法律研究所
104
J.Y. Interpretation no. 666 causes many controversies and discussions from educational fields as soon as it has been carried out. Moreover, the Legislative has explained Interpretation no. 666, amended some contents and finally worked out the conclusion of Legitimate Sex Trade Zone.That means local government establishes Sex Trade Zone, in which people do sex trade will not be punished, while outside the zone any trades related with sex is illegal. This conclusion gives sex workers a more freely and bailout situation. However, since the publication of Social Order Maintenance Act in November 4th, 2011, there are no district governments willing to set up Legitimate Sex Trade Zone, which makes sex workers and whoremasters live a harder life and unable to legally do sex trade. Therefore, it indicates that the system of legal sex trade zone just exists in name, which can be described as an entirely prohibition of prostitution in disguised form. It gives nothing but less chances of survival to vulnerable sex workers and indirectly brings about more underground sex trade, which causes more venereal disease and makes it hard for the police to catch them. So the new Social Order Maintenance Act still has something need to be analyzed and improved. This research adopts a progressive method: firstly it makes clear how police outlaws the sex trade, discusses the explanations of J.Y. Interpretation no. 666and then analyzes the present management method of new Social Order Maintenance Act as well as its impact and the feasibility of establishing Sex Trade Zone. Finally, this research gives legislators conclusions and advices for dealing with the difficulties during the establishment of Sex Trade Zone.

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LI, FA-JAUNG, and 李發忠. "A Study on Special Forces Operations for Defense to Taiwan Area." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k66s3m.

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碩士
嶺東科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
106
In 2017, the CCP compiled a national defense budget of RMB 1,044.397 billion (approximately US$ 157.3 billion), compared to 2016 it increases RMB. The ranking is top one in Asia and just next United States. CCP is also building the armed force toward “digital, aerial, Special Warfare and unmanned” development in order to enhance the capabilities of “precision combat, three-dimensional combat, global operations, multi-competitive operations and continuous operations.” From the increasing number of national defense budgets and the development of the armed force toward special operation, it is impossible to have the countermeasure for CCP transformation. The procurement of defense weapons in Taiwan arm force has been limited In addition, the organization has been restructured based on the need of national defense. Force reduction is a fact that must be faced. Special Forces is the combat forces with innovative capabilities and flexibility. They have the characteristics of small organization, flexible application, rapid deployment, diversified division of task, flexible modules, low spending, high efficiency and suitability for traditional operations, and non-traditional conflicts. It is able to adopt the active, asymmetric and other combat operation. In the future defense operations, Special Forces is still one of the key forces supporting the success or failure of Taiwan Strait defense operation due to its unique capabilities. Therefore, through this study, it provides some reference and suggest of the Special Forces trend and Asymmetric capability for Taiwan armed force combat power establishment.

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40

Chang, Chiu-Kun, and 張邱坤. "The Special Gas Monitor Improvement in the Semiconductor CVD Utility Area." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11548346788142768245.

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碩士
國立交通大學
工學院碩士在職專班產業安全與防災組
98
This paper focuses on special gas monitor in CVD utility areas. The study result is also to referable to all of the high technology fields such as DRAM, TFT LCD. CVD tools used a lot of special gas in process, such as silane,SiF4,NF3,NH3,ClF3,WF6,DCS,O3. The CVD utilities areas are presented the noise, high temperature, and abnormal vapor & fume. However, the safety attention from ISEP or equipment or facility guy is not enough. It seems a problem that no body knows the outgasing in CVD utilities areas. Gas monitor system (GMS) is a functional and available system in special gases detection. However, it seems rarely used for environment monitor. This paper just tries to adopt the GMS system that under sampling piping retrofit used in the CVD utilities areas. The methodology of this study is via FORD 8D, it is a good solution of TQM field, and the detail and 8Ds are sequential introduced below. D1:chose the topic and build up team, D2:description the problem and current situation，D3:executed and verified the temporary action(if necessary), D4:define and verify the root cause, D5:verify and check out the permanent solution, D6:executed the permanent solution and evaluated the effort, D7:Standize, D8: congratulation and future orientation. This methodology is suitable to promote to the widely fields, such as others tool efficiency evaluation, or others. Functional & available is the most important of the life safety system; it is also the basic requirement of the user and designer. The most efficiency of the system available evaluation is adopted in tool sign off stage. The topic of this paper called “The Special Gas Monitor Improvement of the CVD Utility Area”, it is hope to recall the system owners, safety professionals to review, enhance, and improve the safety system into a good condition. The devotion in safety is never fall down.

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41

余詩怡. "Special Education Is Not Special At All-An Action Research Of Developing The Intinerant Service Model In The Remote Area." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03511588634387888317.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育學系在職進修碩士班
102
The purpose of the study is to develop the itinerant service/working model of the itinerant special education teacher. The study is based on the method of the participatory action research in an elementary school located in the remote area of the New Taipei City. The subjects are the researcher as an itinerant special education teacher, the students with disabilities and the concerned school staffs. The data is collected by the research diaries, the working logs, the record of the discussions, the interviews, and the documents. The subject M, used to be in a special class, is now included in a general class. Working with M and the other subject C, the researcher helped these subjects participate in the classrooms by the in-sight observation and assistance, teaching in the classroom, the pull-out teaching, the consultation, and the administrative support etc. The researcher recorded the observations and made reflections on the record and the process. These reflections include the learning and dilemma of the inclusion, the gap between the policy and practice, and the helpless of the teachers. Based on the abovementioned results, the conclusion are drawn and the recommendations of future studies and applications are proposed.

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42

Feng, I.-Ping, and 馮怡萍. "A Study on Metaevaluation of Elementary School Special Educational Evaluation in Kaohsiung area." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95203044311682183053.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立中山大學
教育研究所
99
The main purpose of this study is to research the metaevaluation of special education evaluation in Kaohsiung Area’s elementary schools. The theory was based on a lot of documents to built the metaevaluation standards of special education evaluation in the elementary schools, and then to analyzed the implemented situation in Kaohsiung Area’s elementary schools. This was a questionnaire survey study. The population was school special educators who participate in Kaohsiung Area’s special education evaluation. There were convenience sampling 389 special educators in Kaohsiung Area’s elementary schools to conduct questionnaires. Totally 296 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed by SPSS 12.0 for Windows. They were also presented by descriptive statistics and examined by t-test and ANOVA. According to the data analysis, the results of the study showed: 1. the implemented situation in Kaohsiung Area’s elementary schools （1）As a whole, the situation of implementing special education evaluation in Kaohsiung Area’s elementary schools was fine, and “utility” standards were the highest （2）In “utility” standards, the “practical procedures” was the highest, but the “cost effectiveness” was the lowest. （3）In “propriety” standards, the “service orientation” was the highest, but the “formal agreements＆fiscal responsibility” was the lowest. （4）In “utility” standards, the “evaluator credibility＆report clarity” was the highest, but the “evaluation indicators, report timeliness and dissemination” was the lowest. （5）In “accuracy” standards, the " valid information” was the highest, but the “reliable information＆impartial report” were the lowest. 2. Different background variable difference analysis （1）Different genders and positions of elementary school special educators had no significant differences in four perspectives of evaluation standards. （2）Different special educational background of elementary school special educators had inconsistent beliefs in “feasibility”, “propriety” , and “utility” levels （3）Different working years of elementary school special educators had inconsistent beliefs in “propriety” and “accuracy”,levels. （4）Different numbers of special class in schools of elementary school special educators had significant differences in “feasibility” levels. （5）Different school location of elementary school special educators had significant differences in four perspectives of evaluation standards （6）Different result of evaluation of elementary school special educators had different beliefs in four perspectives of special evaluation

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43

Chen, jian-he, and 陳建合. "Integrated Flood Management Applied on Special Act for Flood Management at Flooding Area." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12817136321793757395.

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Анотація:

碩士
高苑科技大學
土木工程研究所
97
Early flood control management is mainly about engineering methods, including the construction of protecting embankments, river dredging, dike relocation and increasing the dike height. Due to the large amount of surface runoff into the river, the midstream and downstream often become more intense and often cause floods. The traditional flood control management often uses rapid drainage by the upstream and slow flow by the downstream; this will lead to the heavy load on downstream and causes flooding. Integrated flood management’s main consideration is to spread the risk of floods. The upstream and midstream use flood storage and detention method while the downstream uses flood separation, flood diversion, and storing floodwater. It can help the upstream to have slow drainage while the downstream has rapid outflow and reduce the loss of flooding as a whole. The integrated flood management protection baseline measures can be divided into flood control measures and. Response to flood control measures is often engineering methods and often apply non-engineering manners to the standard countermeasures to protect the baseline. This study aims at different types of floods such as, the inner water hazards, external water disasters and huge tide disasters to probe into the application of Integrated flood management. It takes Togang drainage system at Tainan county and Wuluo drainage system at Pingtang county as examples to provide specific conclusions and recommendations for follow-up and later related research.

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44

Wilford, Aurene. "Exploring the diagnostic ability of the ADOS in special needs schools in the greater eThekwini area : a blinded study." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9064.

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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are increasing in prevalence worldwide, including in developing countries like South Africa. If the assumption that ASDs manifests similarly across all cultures, then the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the western gold standard for diagnosing ASDs, will be able to accurately discriminate those children that have ASDs from those that do not. The ADOS was designed to increase the likelihood of children displaying ASD type behaviours to facilitate a diagnosis, but this may negatively impact on scores obtained by African children which are socialised to be respectful as opposed to spontaneous. This research study formed part of the larger KwaZulu-Natal-ASD1 (K-ASD) study, and aimed to explore the diagnostic ability of the ADOS in special needs schools in the greater eThekwini area. The study design used a matched blinded sample comprising of an atypically developing ASD and non-ASD group from Black, White and Indian ethnicities. The sample came from special needs schools. The experimental group thus comprised people with ASD and the control group was a learning disabled group that did not have ASD. This study compared Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) algorithm scores of a sample of 26 children (6-11 years of age) who were administered modules 1-3 of the ADOS with the clinical diagnoses for each of these children. Using McNemar’s Westlake Schuirmann Test of equivalence it was found that the clinician diagnoses and the ADOS coding algorithm results were statistically equivalent. Thus, no significant difference existed between the two methods of diagnosis. The ADOS showed greater sensitivity in identifying symptoms associated with ASD than did the clinician diagnoses. An ANOVA revealed significant differences in the communication and the reciprocal social interaction algorithm’s. This indicates a cultural variation in behaviours, since Black participants behaved in various gestural ways that were significantly different to the manner in which Whites behaved to the ADOS testing.
Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2012.

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45

Tsai, Yu-Hsin, and 蔡侑欣. "A Study on the Status of Implementation of Special education Curriculum Guideline in Social Skill Area at Elementary Special Education Classes." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22477647601438574912.

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碩士
國立臺北教育大學
特殊教育學系碩士班
102
Abstract The purpose of my research is to discover the status of implementation of special education curriculum guideline in social skill area at elementary special education classes. Through questionnaire survey, I want to investigate the requirement of special education teacher in designing social skill training courses with the guideline of segmentation capability in elementary social skill area within the new special education curriculum guideline. Also with open questions and interviews, I would like to understand whether the special education teacher have alternative scenarios or suggestions for designing “special education curriculum guideline in social skill area” in social skill training courses teaching. Against to all special education teacher in Taiwan with random sampling, total 192 questionnaires with recovery 171. The questionnaire recovery rate is 89%. After deducting 2 incomplete questionnaires, there are total 169 questionnaires as my survey references. The conclusion for the analyzing data is below: A. The order of students for special education teachers design social skill training courses are mental retardation, autism and multiple disabilities students. The level of requirement of teachers using elementary social skill area within the new special education curriculum guideline which is according to students’ capability has no significant differences in the 8-dimensions of elementary social skill demand area. B. According to the detailed analyzing questionnaires of elementary social skill area within the new special education curriculum guideline, there is a significant differences in “be able to ask questions politely”,” to communicate with strangers politely” and “students may keep quiet and calm while they are in funeral and stressful environment”. C. The suggestions and specific practice from open-questions and 8 interviewers. Last but not least, according to my study I would like to provide specific suggestions to educational institution, educational administrative staff and teachers, also this study could be the future research references. Key words: special education teacher of elementary school, social skills, Special education Curriculum Guideline

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46

shen, Ming-bih, and 沈銘璧. "Improvement of Existing Development in Hot Springs Area-The Case of Lushan Special District." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13210073230497015082.

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碩士
逢甲大學
都市計畫所
96
Leisure tourism is placed high on public agenda, while hot springs industry is the one that Taiwan has advantage over other countries. Because of abundant availability and lack of public control, hot springs resources are heavily abused over the years. Not only does most visitor register mediocre impression over hot-springs resort area, but also unaware of dangers behind illegal buildings and grandeur development projects that disregard local environmental constrains. Nantou’s Lushan hot springs area was first developed in the Japanese colonial era and remained a popular tourist spot even since then. The Lushan Urban Plan, adopted in 1987, envisioned the area as an urban district with reasonable land use zones and public facilities. However, over the past twenty years, the gap between plan and reality has widened. New projects did not follow the path set by the Urban Plan. Calls for plan modification, enforcement of existing regulations, and removal of illegal projects were all considered by the Nantou government, which in turn deserved further investigation. Appearance of illegal projects was an land use planning issue over the course of Taiwan’s urban planning history. This study takes on the issue of resolving the gap between plan and reality through comprehensive literature review and field interviews of key actors in Lushan area. It is recommended that a flexible land use control and zoning system should be in place to facilitate the transition from rampant development to ordered development in the Lushan area

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47

Chang, Chih-Hsiung, and 張志雄. "The relevance between turbidity-current distribution in reservoir and special event of catchment area." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k9gtk3.

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碩士
輔英科技大學
環境工程與科學系碩士班
96
Nearby this research case reservoir, the sightseeing activity was developed positively, the agricultural activity was frequent, and geological condition in catchment area was bad, all of these resulted in serious environmental loading on the water quality of reservoir. To understand effectively the relevance among several factors of water quality and the long-term variation tendency of water quality, the continuous monitoring water quality data were analyzed. This study also explored the relationship among rainfall intensity, flow rate and turbidity in reservoir during special events. It was found water quality of case reservoir revealed remarkable seasonal change. The bottom flow disturbed original stratification of reservoir during the duration of special events and resulted in turnover near dam area, which caused turbidity of raw water dramatic rising. The regression model ( ) among rainfall intensity, flow rate and turbidity similar to the normal distribution curve was found after regression analysis. The regression equation between flow rate and turbidity can be described with equation . It is helpful to control the change tendeucy of turbidity in this case reservoir in the furture.

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48

Yi, Chen Feng, and 陳鳳儀. "A Study on Job Stress and Job Satisfaction of the Paraprofessionals in Special Education: Take Major Special Education Schools and Special Education Rooms in Northern Taiwan Area as Examples." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56069619295427045083.

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Анотація:

碩士
中國文化大學
青少年兒童福利研究所
98
The subjects of the study are major special education schools and special education rooms in northern Taiwan area. Purposive sampling of 364 paraprofessionals in special education and questionnaire survey are adopted. Self-edited “Questionnaire on the working state and the feeling of paraprofessionals in special education” is used as a survey tool, with 308 responses, 291 valid responses, and a validity rate of 94%. For statistic analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product- moment correlation, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis are adopted as well. The results are--- 1. With the average point of 3.90, the overall job stress of paraprofessionals in special education is moderate. Within five variables, the highest job stress is stress of child educating and caring. The rest of other variables are workload, job characteristic, student’s problems, and administrative communication in sequence. 2. With the average point of 3.16, the job satisfaction of paraprofessionals in special education is moderate. Within five variables, the highest job satisfaction is development and achievement. The rest of other variables are peripheral support, labor support, extensive courses, and feedback in sequence. 3. There exists noticeable discrepancy between part of background variables of paraprofessionals in special education and job stress: Those workers who have background variables of junior college degree, majoring in nursing, over eleven-year experience, governmental officials, or paraprofessionals in special education who have served students between nineteen and six, feel higher job stress than others. 4. There exists noticeable discrepancy between part of background variables of paraprofessionals in special education and job satisfaction: Those workers who have background variables of over fifty years old, majoring in nursing, with professional license, over eleven-year experience, working for special education schools, contract workers, or professionals in special education who have served students number ranging over nineteen or between seven and twelve, feel higher job satisfaction than others. 5. Negative relevance exists noticeably between job stress and job satisfaction, 6. The prediction of job satisfaction by adopting the variable of job stress: （1）Three variables, administrative, student’s problems and job characteristic, can be used to noticeably predict job satisfaction under the aspect of job support. （2）Two variables, administrative and job characteristic can be used to noticeably predict job satisfaction under the aspect of extensive courses. （3）Three variables, workload, stress of child educating and caring, and job characteristic, can be used to noticeably predict job satisfaction under the aspect of feedback. （4）Four variables, workload, stress of child educating and caring, student’s problems and job characteristic, can be used to noticeably predict job satisfaction under the aspect of development and achievement. （5）Two variables, administrative communication and job characteristic, can be used to predict job satisfaction under the aspect of peripheral support. （6）Two variables, administrative communication and job characteristic, can be used to noticeably predict the aspect of overall job satisfaction.

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49

Shu-Hua, Lu, and 呂書華. "A Detail Plan Area of Predecessor and Transformation : A Case Study of the Taichung New Civic Center Special District Civic Center Special District." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c89g5a.

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50

何俊信. "The Influences study of Population Migration on surround area with High Speed Rail Special district—A Case Study for Taoyuan Station special district." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r67faw.

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碩士
國立交通大學
管理學院碩士在職專班運輸物流組
92
According the announcement plan to recommend population into High Speed Rail (HSR) Station Special District. Whether to reach the objective were the opportunity and challenge. Under the population growth was being slowly. To supply the new add development district is the key point issue of surround area population migration. Therefore, the study important items include following: 1.Analysis the population migration into High Speed Rail (HSR) Station special district of The Factors of Influence Condition. And come from which urban area. 2.To research The distribution of population migration into High Speed Rail (HSR) Station special district with relationship of surround area. 3.Appliance the characteristics relationship of station and surround area, Then calculate the sort of distribution from the surround area population migration into High Speed Rail (HSR) of Taoyuan Station special district. The result of study was analysis by three chapters. Included the relational of surround area population migration, the characteristics of High Speed Rail (HSR) of Taoyuan Station special district and surround area population migration, and The population migration into High Speed Rail (HSR) Station special district.

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