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1
Raafat, Hazem, Zhongsen Yang, and David Gauthler. "Relational spatial topologies for historical geographical information." International journal of geographical information systems 8, no. 2 (March 1994): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02693799408901992.
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2
Sinha, Chris, and Tania Kuteva. "Distributed Spatial Semantics." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 18, no. 2 (December 1995): 167–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500000159.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The “local semantics” approach to the analysis of the meaning of locative particles (e.g. spatial prepositions) is examined, criticized and rejected. An alternative, distributed approach to spatial relational semantics and its linguistic expression is argued for. In the first part of the paper, it is argued that spatial relational semantic information is not exclusively carried in languages such as English by the locative particle, and that “item-specific meanings plus selectional restrictions” cannot save the localist approach. In the second part of the paper, the “covertly” distributed spatial relational semantics of languages such as English is contrasted with the “overtly” distributed spatial relational semantics characterizing many other languages. Some common assumptions relating to the universality of the expression of spatial relational meaning by closed syntactic classes are criticized. A change of perspective from “local” to “distributed” semantics permits the re-analysis of polysemy and item-bound “use-type” in terms of the distributed expression of language-specific spatial relational semantic types.
3
Chandler, Madison C., Amanda L. McGowan, Ford Burles, Kyle E. Mathewson, Claire J. Scavuzzo, and Matthew B. Pontifex. "Aerobic Fitness Unrelated to Acquisition of Spatial Relational Memory in College-Aged Adults." Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology 42, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2020-0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While compelling evidence indicates that poorer aerobic fitness relates to impairments in retrieving information from hippocampal-dependent memory, there is a paucity of research on how aerobic fitness relates to the acquisition of such relational information. Accordingly, the present investigation examined the association between aerobic fitness and the rate of encoding spatial relational memory—assessed using a maximal oxygen consumption test and a spatial configuration task—in a sample of 152 college-aged adults. The findings from this investigation revealed no association between aerobic fitness and the acquisition of spatial relational memory. These findings have implications for how aerobic fitness is characterized with regard to memory, such that aerobic fitness does not appear to relate to the rate of learning spatial–relational information; however, given previously reported evidence, aerobic fitness may be associated with a greater ability to recall relational information from memory.
4
Ackerman, Christopher M., and Susan M. Courtney. "Spatial relations and spatial locations are dissociated within prefrontal and parietal cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 9 (November 1, 2012): 2419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01024.2011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Item-specific spatial information is essential for interacting with objects and for binding multiple features of an object together. Spatial relational information is necessary for implicit tasks such as recognizing objects or scenes from different views but also for explicit reasoning about space such as planning a route with a map and for other distinctively human traits such as tool construction. To better understand how the brain supports these two different kinds of information, we used functional MRI to directly contrast the neural encoding and maintenance of spatial relations with that for item locations in equivalent visual scenes. We found a double dissociation between the two: whereas item-specific processing implicates a frontoparietal attention network, including the superior frontal sulcus and intraparietal sulcus, relational processing preferentially recruits a cognitive control network, particularly lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and inferior parietal lobule. Moreover, pattern classification revealed that the actual meaning of the relation can be decoded within these same regions, most clearly in rostrolateral PFC, supporting a hierarchical, representational account of prefrontal organization.
5
Malerba, Donato. "A relational perspective on spatial data mining." International Journal of Data Mining, Modelling and Management 1, no. 1 (2008): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijdmmm.2008.022540.
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Wang, Ruosi, and Yaoda Xu. "Neural Representation of Spatial Layout and Relational Information among Multiple Objects." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.1159.
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7
Searcy, Jean H., and James C. Bartlett. "Inversion and processing of component and spatial–relational information in faces." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 22, no. 4 (1996): 904–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.22.4.904.
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Martinez-Llario, J., and M. Gonzalez-Alcaide. "Design of a Java spatial extension for relational databases." Journal of Systems and Software 84, no. 12 (December 2011): 2314–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2011.06.072.
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9
Ghouse, Zaffar Mohamed, and Matt Duckham. "Integrated Storage and Querying of Spatially Varying Data Quality Information in a Relational Spatial Database." Transactions in GIS 13, no. 1 (February 2009): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2009.01142.x.
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Aniwar, Gulziyra, Jing Song Ma, Yliyar Jarmuhamet, and Teliekebieke Miysa. "Geospatial Database Design for China – Kazakhstan Tourism Resource Information System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 5413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.5413.
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This paper discusses the design method to construct the geospatial database for the China - Kazakhstan tourism resources information system, especially focuses on the design of the relational database structure for transportation network analysis. By expressing the logical structure of graph theory as four relational database tables, i.e. junction table, edge table, junction-edge connectivity table, and turning table, this topological structure can effectively express urban roads and inter-city roads within a relatively larger area and build complicated road networks, and it also can be applied to the shortest path analysis on different spatial scales.
11
Arabsheibani, R., S. Ariannamazi, and F. Hakimpour. "TOWARD SEMANTIC WEB INFRASTRUCTURE FOR SPATIAL FEATURES' INFORMATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1-W5 (December 10, 2015): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w5-57-2015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Web and its capabilities can be employed as a tool for data and information integration if comprehensive datasets and appropriate technologies and standards enable the web with interpretation and easy alignment of data and information. Semantic Web along with the spatial functionalities enable the web to deal with the huge amount of data and information. The present study investigate the advantages and limitations of the Spatial Semantic Web and compare its capabilities with relational models in order to build a spatial data infrastructure. An architecture is proposed and a set of criteria is defined for the efficiency evaluation. The result demonstrate that when using the data with special characteristics such as schema dynamicity, sparse data or available relations between the features, the spatial semantic web and graph databases with spatial operations are preferable.
12
LINDNER, NETANEL H., PETRA F. SCUDO, and DAGMAR BRUß. "QUANTUM ESTIMATION OF RELATIVE INFORMATION." International Journal of Quantum Information 04, no. 01 (February 2006): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749906001657.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We derive optimal schemes for preparation and estimation of relational degrees of freedom between two quantum systems. We specifically analyze the case of rotation parameters representing relative angles between elements of the SU(2) symmetry group. Our estimation procedure does not assume prior knowledge of the absolute spatial orientation of the systems and as such does not require information on the underlying classical reference frame in which the states are prepared.
13
White, Murray. "Different Spatial-Relational Information is Used to Recognise Faces and Emotional Expressions." Perception 31, no. 6 (June 2002): 675–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3329.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a face photo in which the two eyes have been moved up into the forehead region, configural spatial relations are altered more than categorical relations; in a photo in which only one eye is moved up, categorical relations are altered more. Matching the identities of two faces was slower when an unaltered photo was paired with a two-eyes-moved photo than when paired with a one-eye-moved photo, implicating configural relations in face identification. But matching the emotional expressions of the same faces was slower when an unaltered photo was paired with a one-eye-moved photo than when paired with a two-eyes-moved photo, showing that expression recognition uses categorically coded relations. The findings also indicate that changing spatial-relational information affects the perceptual encoding of identities and expressions rather than their memory representations.
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Ďuračiová, R. "Querying Uncertain Data in Geospatial Object-relational Databases Using SQL and Fuzzy Sets." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2013-0016.
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Abstract This paper deals with uncertainty modeling in spatial object-relational databases by the use of Structured Query Language (SQL). The fundamental principles of uncertainty modeling by fuzzy sets are applied in the area of geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial databases. A spatial database system includes types of spatial data and implements the spatial extension of SQL. The implementation of the principles of fuzzy logic to spatial databases brings an opportunity for the efficient processing of uncertain data, which is important, especially when using various data sources (e.g., multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) on the basis of heterogeneous spatial data resources). The modeling and data processing of uncertainties are presented in relation to the applicable International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards (standards of the series 19100 Geographic information) and the relevant specifications of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The fuzzy spatial query approach is applied and tested on a case study with a fundamental database for GIS in Slovakia.
15
Cole, Tim, and Torsten Hahmann. "Geographies of the Holocaust: Experiments in GIS, QSR, and Graph Representations." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 13, no. 1-2 (October 2019): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2019.0230.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article responds to the widespread and oft-noted challenges digital humanists face in working with data that is uncertain and characterised by complex narratives. Using an example drawn from the vast archives of post-war interviews with Holocaust survivors, it draws on approaches developed in Qualitative Spatial Representation (QSR) to explore how two key spatial aspects of survivor's narratives – their uncertain wartime trajectories and the slippage in scales as these are retold – can be represented. Spatial information in narratives tends to not provide the exact coordinates necessary to store the information in geospatial databases. Instead, narratives rely much more on often less precise qualitative spatial relations such as ‘near’, ‘next to’, ‘at the corner of’ without precise geometric interpretations. Given that relational databases are ill-equipped to store this kind of relational spatial knowledge from natural language sources, the article argues for a need for digital humanists to return to first principles and reconsider database design. Descriptive triple-based graph representations, which have been devised to accommodate this kind of highly irregular, semi-structured relational knowledge, have the potential to work with, rather than against, the grain of the narrative sources that underlie the work of much of the digital humanities.
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Lyakh, A. M., and I. V. Agarkova-Lyakh. "Relational model for storing ecologico-biological expedition data." Monitoring systems of environment, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.33075/2220-5861-2021-3-98-106.
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Eco-biological expedition research involves the collection of biotic and abiotic material (samples), which is attached to spatio-temporal location. Researchers often use the geographical name of the place instead of the geographical coordinates to indicate the spatial location of a sample. For this reason, an expedition information system must support work with geographical names. The article describes the structure of the expedition database, where the main emphasis is made on geographical names. A method of presenting the official and unofficial names of land and water bodies in a single table is proposed. This way of presenting geographic information makes working with the information system more people-friendly.
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Abdulrahman Kareem Zada, Ashna. "Assess the Changing Role of Database Technology within Geographic Information System Over the Past 45 Years." Polytechnic Journal 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v9n1y2019.pp26-31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spatial data stored in databases have been become progressively crucial in the geographic information system (GIS) field within recent years. Spatial data are increasingly being noted for its significance in representing for real-life relationships. The value of spatial databases cannot be underestimated since it has been established to be an efficient and flexible means of handling enormous spatial datasets. This paper shows the different methods, in which spatial data are integrated by major database vendors and database within GIS. The current report has also examined the new technologies and advancements by database and GIS vendors in relational database management systems in the past four decades, which have facilitated spatial data to become integrated into databases.
18
Ikkai, Akiko, Kara J. Blacker, Balaji M. Lakshmanan, Joshua B. Ewen, and Susan M. Courtney. "Maintenance of relational information in working memory leads to suppression of the sensory cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 112, no. 8 (October 15, 2014): 1903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00134.2014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Working memory (WM) for sensory-based information about individual objects and their locations appears to involve interactions between lateral prefrontal and sensory cortexes. The mechanisms and representations for maintenance of more abstract, nonsensory information in WM are unknown, particularly whether such actively maintained information can become independent of the sensory information from which it was derived. Previous studies of WM for individual visual items found increased electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha (8–13 Hz) power over posterior electrode sites, which appears to correspond to the suppression of cortical areas that represent irrelevant sensory information. Here, we recorded EEG while participants performed a visual WM task that involved maintaining either concrete spatial coordinates or abstract relational information. Maintenance of relational information resulted in higher alpha power in posterior electrodes. Furthermore, lateralization of alpha power due to a covert shift of attention to one visual hemifield was marginally weaker during storage of relational information than during storage of concrete information. These results suggest that abstract relational information is maintained in WM differently from concrete, sensory representations and that during maintenance of abstract information, posterior sensory regions become task irrelevant and are thus suppressed.
19
Bickford, Ira, Michael Curto, Chris Glazier, and James A. Macmahon. "ROADVEG: Utah Department of Transportation Roadside Vegetation Inventory and Geographic Information System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1650, no. 1 (January 1998): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1650-02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT), in collaboration with the Utah State University Ecology Center, has created a geographic information system (GIS) of spatially referenced roadside and context landscape attributes pertinent to roadside vegetation management. Construction of the ROADVEG GIS involved the design of a relational database, the assignment of attributes to 2200 km (1,365 mi) of road segments through on-the-road field inventories, and the linkage of database attributes to spatial coverages for GIS presentation and query. The ROADVEG GIS offers UDOT personnel a new way to remotely assess existing roadside and context vegetation attributes along Utah’s roadways, as well as a potentially powerful method of performing multivariate spatial queries for long-range planning. Through queries of the ROADVEG inventory, road segments with specified multivariate conditions are readily identifiable. Visual depictions of multiple vegetation management scenarios with varying cost-benefit ratios are now possible.
20
Zhao, Fang, Liping Wang, Hesham Elbadrawi, and L. David Shen. "Temporal Geographic Information System and Its Application to Transportation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1593, no. 1 (January 1997): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1593-07.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While geographic information systems (GIS) have proven to be powerful tools that are capable of storing, displaying, and analyzing spatially distributed information, current GIS lack adequate capabilities for handling temporal information. As a result, analyses are mostly performed assuming a fixed time point. Longitudinal analyses that take time into consideration cannot be easily accomplished. For many applications, information constantly changes in both space and time. A temporal GIS, one that is capable of handling temporal as well as spatial information, will greatly expand the current GIS applications and allow new information to be obtained. Some preliminary results are presented of an ongoing study of a temporal GIS. To explore the problems and potential benefits of a temporal GIS, a simple method has been developed to record the changes in spatial objects for time using personal computer ARC/INFO relational databases as well as a set of commands to query the spatiotemporal data. The use of this temporal GIS method is illustrated using an example of transit service analysis.
21
ROESSEL, JAN W. VAN. "Design of a spatial data structure using the relational normal forms." International journal of geographical information systems 1, no. 1 (January 1987): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02693798708927791.
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22
Peluso, E., RG Mlodawski, and GR Beeston. "Utilising the Western Australian soil profile database for research and land management." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 2 (1993): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9930253.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The analysis, design, implementation, and potential benefits of the Western Australian soil profile database are described. Entity-relationship modelling has been used in the data analysis phase to identify the relational schema. The database has been implemented using the ORACLE relational database management system.The database has the capacity to provide detailed land resource information in hard copy report format, and when integrated into a Geographic Information System, the data can be viewed and retrieved in a spatial context with other data sets. Such information is important for researchers and land managers involved in sustainable agricultural systems.
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Murray, Janice E., Esther Yong, and Gillian Rhodes. "Revisiting the Perception of Upside-Down Faces." Psychological Science 11, no. 6 (November 2000): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00294.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In two experiments, the effect of orientation on face perception was assessed. Using a scale from 1 (normal) to 7 (bizarre), participants rated normal, unaltered faces and faces in which changes had been made to spatial-relational properties (eyes and mouth inverted or relative position of the eyes and mouth altered) or to component properties (eyes whitened and teeth blackened). For unaltered and component-distortion faces, bizarreness ratings increased linearly as orientation increased from 0° to 180°. For spatial-distortion faces, a discontinuity in the function relating orientation and bizarreness was in evidence between 90° and 120°. The results provide support for the view that there is a qualitative difference in the processing of upright and inverted faces due to the disproportionate effect of inversion on the encoding of spatial-relational information.
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Guo, Dongming, and Erling Onstein. "State-of-the-Art Geospatial Information Processing in NoSQL Databases." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 5 (May 19, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9050331.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Geospatial information has been indispensable for many application fields, including traffic planning, urban planning, and energy management. Geospatial data are mainly stored in relational databases that have been developed over several decades, and most geographic information applications are desktop applications. With the arrival of big data, geospatial information applications are also being modified into, e.g., mobile platforms and Geospatial Web Services, which require changeable data schemas, faster query response times, and more flexible scalability than traditional spatial relational databases currently have. To respond to these new requirements, NoSQL (Not only SQL) databases are now being adopted for geospatial data storage, management, and queries. This paper reviews state-of-the-art geospatial data processing in the 10 most popular NoSQL databases. We summarize the supported geometry objects, main geometry functions, spatial indexes, query languages, and data formats of these 10 NoSQL databases. Moreover, the pros and cons of these NoSQL databases are analyzed in terms of geospatial data processing. A literature review and analysis showed that current document databases may be more suitable for massive geospatial data processing than are other NoSQL databases due to their comprehensive support for geometry objects and data formats and their performance, geospatial functions, index methods, and academic development. However, depending on the application scenarios, graph databases, key-value, and wide column databases have their own advantages.
25
Bosse, Solveig. "Spontaneous spatial information provided by dementia patients and elderly controls in narratives." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v4i1.4463.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Patients diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (DAT) often show two symptoms early on: the inability to navigate space effectively and a deterioration of their language skills, especially on semantic tasks. In this work, I look at whether the inability to navigate space is reflected in the spontaneous speech of DAT patients. Through a corpus analysis of narratives by DAT and control participants, I investigate the hypothesis that DAT patients provide less spatial information than healthy controls (mirroring the decline of effective spatial reasoning in language production). This hypothesis was not supported for locative/stative descriptions using in, on, and at; both groups included this information equally often. However, significant differences between the groups were found for the inclusion of the spatial terms left and right as well directional/dynamic spatial information indicated by into, onto, from, and to. This difference between locative/stative and directional/dynamic spatial information has not previously been reported. I argue that it aligns with Chatterjee’s (2008) proposal of the relational features of spatial language and that these features can be differently affected in DAT patients, aligning it with the spatial navigation impairment in these participants.
26
Veeger, Anne I., Daniel P. Murray, O. Don Hermes, Jon C. Boothroyd, and Nasir Hamidzada. "Geographic Information System-Based Digital Catalog for Managing Subsurface Geotechnical and Geologic Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1821, no. 1 (January 2003): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1821-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Knowledge of surface and subsurface geology and geotechnical properties is fundamental to planning, developing, and modernizing transportation systems. Through dynamic coupling of readily available areal geographic information system coverages and subsurface borehole data stored in a relational database, a spatially referenced digital catalog of borehole data was created for two pilot areas in Rhode Island. The borehole database was populated with data derived from Rhode Island Department of Transportation geotechnical reports and supplemental data from the U.S. Geological Survey groundwater site inventory system and local storm water and sewer projects. Most of these data were previously maintained in paper format, making historical or interproject data comparisons virtually impossible. Unification of these data in a single relational database yields two primary benefits: ( a) historical data are readily accessible for review and therefore can be incorporated easily into the planning stages of new projects and ( b) sophisticated analysis of the region becomes possible with access to data from multiple projects with both spatial and temporal coverage. Geologic data include bedrock geology, surface outcrops, unconsolidated materials, soil type, topographic and orthophotographic base maps, and location of boreholes and wells. Subsurface data include land surface elevation, depth to water table, depth to bedrock, presence of fill, high and low blow-count zones, and organic sediment. The digital catalog is distributed on a CD-ROM that includes ArcView project files and an Access relational database. The borehole data are also accessible through the Internet, with retrieval access for all users and data entry privileges for registered users.
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Shen, Xiang, Dezhi Han, Chongqing Chen, Gaofeng Luo, and Zhongdai Wu. "An effective spatial relational reasoning networks for visual question answering." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 28, 2022): e0277693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277693.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a method of answering questions in natural language based on the content of images and has been widely concerned by researchers. The existing research on the visual question answering model mainly focuses on the point of view of attention mechanism and multi-modal fusion. It only pays attention to the visual semantic features of the image in the process of image modeling, ignoring the importance of modeling the spatial relationship of visual objects. We are aiming at the existing problems of the existing VQA model research. An effective spatial relationship reasoning network model is proposed, which can combine visual object semantic reasoning and spatial relationship reasoning at the same time to realize fine-grained multi-modal reasoning and fusion. A sparse attention encoder is designed to capture contextual information effectively in the semantic reasoning module. In the spatial relationship reasoning module, the graph neural network attention mechanism is used to model the spatial relationship of visual objects, which can correctly answer complex spatial relationship reasoning questions. Finally, a practical compact self-attention (CSA) mechanism is designed to reduce the redundancy of self-attention in linear transformation and the number of model parameters and effectively improve the model’s overall performance. Quantitative and qualitative experiments are conducted on the benchmark datasets of VQA 2.0 and GQA. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against the state-of-the-art approaches. Our best single model has an overall accuracy of 71.18% on the VQA 2.0 dataset and 57.59% on the GQA dataset.
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Lee, Jong Wook, and So Young Sohn. "Evaluating borrowers’ default risk with a spatial probit model reflecting the distance in their relational network." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): e0261737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261737.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Potential relationship among loan applicants can provide valuable information for evaluating default risk. However, most of the existing credit scoring models either ignore this relationship or consider a simple connection information. This study assesses the applicants’ relation in terms of their distance estimated based on their characteristics. This information is then utilized in a proposed spatial probit model to reflect the different degree of borrowers’ relation on the default prediction of loan applicant. We apply this method to peer-to-peer Lending Club Loan data. Empirical results show that the consideration of information on the spatial autocorrelation among loan applicants can provide high predictive power for defaults.
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Nadel, Lynn, Siobhan Hoscheidt, and Lee R. Ryan. "Spatial Cognition and the Hippocampus: The Anterior–Posterior Axis." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 1 (January 2013): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00313.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We discuss the question of differentiation along the anterior–posterior longitudinal axis of the hippocampus. Data from a recent fMRI study are reanalyzed to determine whether activations in these hippocampal regions are affected by the nature of the information being accessed during a scanning session in which participants thought about episodes from their lives. Retrieving detailed spatial relational information preferentially activated the posterior hippocampus, whereas retrieving information about locales (or contexts) preferentially activated the anterior hippocampus. These data support the view that there is functional differentiation along the longitudinal axis in humans that matches what has been seen in rats, namely, that the posterior (dorsal) hippocampus is crucial for precise spatial behavior, and the anterior (ventral) hippocampus is crucial for context coding.
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Beytía, Pablo, and Janosch Schobin. "Networked Pantheon: a Relational Database of Globally Famous People." Research Data Journal for the Humanities and Social Sciences 5, no. 1 (October 27, 2020): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24523666-00501002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This article presents the Networked Pantheon, a relational database of biographies of globally famous people spanning the last 5,500 years of human history. This information source is intended to complement Pantheon 1.0 (Yu et al., 2016), a dataset that includes temporal, spatial, gender, and occupational information on 11,341 world-renowned people – defined as those who have biographies available in more than 25 languages on Wikipedia. The Networked Pantheon adds information about the biographical links between these historical figures, compiled from hyperlinks between the biographies in the English Wikipedia. This digital method enables techniques from network analysis to be used in studying the biographical relationships between globally famous people. Thus, distinct measures of historical centrality can be calculated for individuals, cities, countries, genders, and occupations. The Networked Pantheon includes indicators of figure centrality in the network of biographical references and provides an approximation of the information flows between various territories, genders, and occupations of famous people over time.
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Ulutaş Karakol, D., G. Kara, C. Yılmaz, and Ç. Cömert. "SEMANTIC LINKING SPATIAL RDF DATA TO THE WEB DATA SOURCES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4 (September 19, 2018): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-639-2018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Large amounts of spatial data are hold in relational databases. Spatial data in the relational databases must be converted to RDF for semantic web applications. Spatial data is an important key factor for creating spatial RDF data. Linked Data is the most preferred way by users to publish and share data in the relational databases on the Web. In order to define the semantics of the data, links are provided to vocabularies (ontologies or other external web resources) that are common conceptualizations for a domain. Linking data of resource vocabulary with globally published concepts of domain resources combines different data sources and datasets, makes data more understandable, discoverable and usable, improves data interoperability and integration, provides automatic reasoning and prevents data duplication. The need to convert relational data to RDF is coming in sight due to semantic expressiveness of Semantic Web Technologies. One of the important key factors of Semantic Web is ontologies. Ontology means “explicit specification of a conceptualization”. The semantics of spatial data relies on ontologies. Linking of spatial data from relational databases to the web data sources is not an easy task for sharing machine-readable interlinked data on the Web. Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web and the advocate of Semantic Web and Linked Data, layed down the Linked Data design principles. Based on these rules, firstly, spatial data in the relational databases must be converted to RDF with the use of supporting tools. Secondly, spatial RDF data must be linked to upper level-domain ontologies and related web data sources. Thirdly, external data sources (ontologies and web data sources) must be determined and spatial RDF data must be linked related data sources. Finally, spatial linked data must be published on the web. The main contribution of this study is to determine requirements for finding RDF links and put forward the deficiencies for creating or publishing linked spatial data. To achieve this objective, this study researches existing approaches, conversion tools and web data sources for relational data conversion to the spatial RDF. In this paper, we have investigated current state of spatial RDF data, standards, open source platforms (particularly D2RQ, Geometry2RDF, TripleGeo, GeoTriples, Ontop, etc.) and the Web Data Sources. Moreover, the process of spatial data conversion to the RDF and how to link it to the web data sources is described. The implementation of linking spatial RDF data to the web data sources is demonstrated with an example use case. Road data has been linked to the one of the related popular web data sources, DBPedia. SILK, a tool for discovering relationships between data items within different Linked Data sources, is used as a link discovery framework. Also, we evaluated other link discovery tools e.g. LIMES, Silk and results are compared to carry out matching/linking task. As a result, linked road data is shared and represented as an information resource on the web and enriched with definitions of related different resources. By this way, road datasets are also linked by the related classes, individuals, spatial relations and properties they cover such as, construction date, road length, coordinates, etc.</p>
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Lazorenko, Nadiia. "GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY." GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 95,2022, no. 95 (June 28, 2022): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcgcap2022.95.113.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this work is to study the integration of sets of core reference and thematic geospatial data based on the JOIN operation of relational algebra and its interaction with geocoding of geospatial features, which is implemented in modern geographic information systems (GIS) and database management systems (hereinafter – DBMS) for the development of the national spatial data infrastructure (hereinafter – NSDI). Method. The research is based on the analysis of the possibilities of applying the theory of geospatial databases and knowledge bases, international and national harmonized standards in the field of Geographic Information/ Geomatics to solve the problem of integration of geospatial data using the operation JOIN relational algebra in object-relational database management systems (OR DBMS). Results. The paper examines the models of the Join operation of relational algebra, which underlie the geocoding of features and the creation of electronic gazetteers, and proves its effectiveness: the Join operation integrates of core reference and thematic geospatial datasets. There is a need to define the required geographic identifiers, which must be present among the attributes of the core reference and thematic geospatial datasets to perform the join. The variety of uses of the Join operation covers all possible cases that arise in their practical application. Thus, the use of the Join operation involves identifying these required geographic identifiers at the geospatial database design stage. In particular, it is expedient to determine mandatory geographical identifiers (codes) of features according to the official national systems of features classification (codification) in the relevant sectoral thematic registers, which are responsible for certain holders of thematic data in accordance with Annex 2 of the Decree of Cabinet of Ministers “The order for the functioning of the national spatial data infrastructure” of May 26, 2021, № 532. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The integration of core reference data and thematic geospatial datasets based on JOIN operation models of relational algebra and their interaction with geocoding of geospatial features is researched, which is implemented in modern GIS and DBMS for the development of national spatial data infrastructure. The research was performed on a set of core reference spatial data, namely: information on administrative-territorial units of the Cherkasy region, including their borders; the data from the statistical bulletin of the socio-economic situation of the Cherkasy region for January 2021 of the Main Department of Statistics in Cherkasy region of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were selected as thematic data. It has been shown that relational algebra join (JOIN) operations can be used to integrate other thematic geospatial data with core reference data using geographic identifiers that contain these datasets.
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Coşkun, İ. B., S. Sertok, and B. Anbaroğlu. "K-NEAREST NEIGHBOUR QUERY PERFORMANCE ANALYSES ON A LARGE SCALE TAXI DATASET: POSTGRESQL VS. MONGODB." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1531-2019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The increasing volume of transport network data necessitates the use of a DataBase Management System (DBMS) to store, query and analyse data. There are two main types of DBMS: relational and non-relational. Many different DBMS are available on the market but only some of them could handle spatial data. Therefore, determining which DBMS to use for operational purposes is of interest to researchers and analysts working in spatial information science. One of the commonly used spatial queries in GIS is the k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN) of a given point. This paper analyses the performance of the kNN query in PostgreSQL and MongoDB, both being a representative of relational and NoSQL DBMS respectively. Two different metrics have been investigated to determine the performance: i) spatial accuracy and ii) run time. Haversine and Vincenty formulas are used to calculate the distance between the point and the determined neighbours, which are then used to determine the spatial accuracy of the DBMS. Sensitivity analysis have been carried out by varying the k value and the execution times are recorded. The experiments are carried out on New York City’s openly available taxi dataset consisting of millions of taxi pickup and dropoff points. The results indicate that MongoDB outperforms Postgres both in terms of execution time and spatial accuracy regardless the value of k. In order to facilitate reproducibility of the results, the developed software is shared on GitHub.</p>
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Libby, L. A., D. E. Hannula, and C. Ranganath. "Medial Temporal Lobe Coding of Item and Spatial Information during Relational Binding in Working Memory." Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 43 (October 22, 2014): 14233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0655-14.2014.
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Maikano, Samson, Isaac J. Maisamari, Wilson A. Jayeola, Akinrinshola Dare, Samson O. Okechalu, and A. Bako. "CREATION FOR A CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR GONIN GORA LAYOUT IN CHIKUN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-321.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was carried out to determine the geographic information system (GIS) as a tool to examine spatial patterns of Gonin Gora layout in Chikun Local Government Area of Kaduna state. The study involves acquiring spatial and attribute data of the study area, creating relevant spatial layers containing vital information about the parcel within the area of study, designing an appropriate database using relational database model (RDBM) cadastral information system and demonstrating the usability of the cadastral information system (CIS) that was created by carrying out simple queries. The research procedure also involves data acquisition using Promark 3 GPS instrument, database design and spatial queries using ARCGIS (10.1). Three(3) single criteria queries were generated for parcel earmarked for religion worship, parcel set for educational purposes, parcels for commercial purposes were identified and multi- criteria seven (7) queries were generated. The database was created and it was successfully test run for cadastral information system as effective tool for quick retrieval of information
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Dzelebdzic, Omiljena, and Dragana Bazik. "National indicators for evaluating the outcome of reinventing spatial planning in Serbia." Spatium, no. 24 (2011): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1124027d.
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This paper is a follow-up to a research in the domain of theorizing planning practice and practising spatial planning theoretical approaches in the context of information-isation, globalisation and EU-isation. The theoretical framework contemplates the meaning of the spatial concept that is grounded in the duality of the information phenomenon and contemporary expression of the space notion, as a way of reinventing spatial planning. The operational framework discuses the spatial planning practice in Serbia through a brief explanation of applied methodology for identifying a suitable indicator set proposed for the implementation monitoring of the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia 2010-2020. The national indicators set represents a theoretical model of knowledge for evaluating relational outcomes of spatial development complexity, and its spatial-temporal character represents a way of practising theoretical approaches as monitoring tools for spatial planning within the limits of the present regulatory system in Serbia.
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Bazik, Dragana, and Omiljena Dzelebdzic. "Web-based support of spatial planning in Serbia." Spatium, no. 28 (2012): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1228067b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
High-speed access to the Internet and mobile broadband create a new web-based support of spatial planning in Serbia. Perhaps most importantly, this support provides unprecedented opportunities to empower individuals across all social and economic strata. The authors present this view within the framework of two fundamental focal points: (i) relational approach to spatial planning that recognizes the multiple dimensions of diverse people who interact with place and space in complex and unpredictable ways; and (ii) democratic achievement in spatial planning model and governance framework to share information and collaborate across a municipalities? hyperconnected ecosystem.
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Liang, Miaomiao, Licheng Jiao, and Zhe Meng. "A Superpixel-Based Relational Auto-Encoder for Feature Extraction of Hyperspectral Images." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 22, 2019): 2454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202454.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Filter banks transferred from a pre-trained deep convolutional network exhibit significant performance in heightening the inter-class separability for hyperspectral image feature extraction, but weakening the intra-class consistency simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a new superpixel-based relational auto-encoder for cohesive spectral–spatial feature learning. Firstly, multiscale local spatial information and global semantic features of hyperspectral images are extracted by filter banks transferred from the pre-trained VGG-16. Meanwhile, we utilize superpixel segmentation to construct the low-dimensional manifold embedded in the spectral domain. Then, representational consistency constraint among each superpixel is added in the objective function of sparse auto-encoder, which iteratively assist and supervisedly learn hidden representation of deep spatial feature with greater cohesiveness. Superpixel-based local consistency constraint in this work not only reduces the computational complexity, but builds the neighborhood relationships adaptively. The final feature extraction is accomplished by collaborative encoder of spectral–spatial feature and weighting fusion of multiscale features. A large number of experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves expected results in discriminant feature extraction and has certain advantages over some existing methods, especially on extremely limited sample conditions.
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Fuller, Martin G. "Great spatial expectations: On three objects, two communities and one house." Current Sociology 65, no. 4 (March 27, 2017): 603–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392117694071.
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This article traces the in situ production of space in a multi-unit residential building under construction in Berlin. Looking at how space is constituted in an unfinished building, it shows how material objects become loci of meaning-making in the constitution of a new building and future home. Through examining a group of future dwellers engaged in the participatory planning of a residential building, it argues that this is a community building a house in order to build an idealised community in the future. They negotiate an uncertain future community through objects in the built environment over which they have control in the present. Using relational spatial theory, the activities of planning the built environment are shown as inextricably linked to producing the meanings and significance of objects. Through looking at three objects in the built environment: an information hut, raised flowerbeds and interior windows, the active production of the relational space of inhabitation can be witnessed on-the-ground, through concrete activities, long before dwelling commences and the sites and ideas of homes are achieved.
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Chang, Bo Xue, Yi Chen, and Jing Yue Huang. "The Design of Crops Remote Sensing Monitoring System Based on Supermap Objects." Advanced Materials Research 340 (September 2011): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The remote sensing monitoring system, which uses GIS technique, is mainly discussed in this paper. It takes SuperMap Objects as development platform and Visual C++ as the secondary development tools, with MYSQL for the relational database, to design the main interface. This system basically complete data entry editing, mapping, information browsing query, spatial analysis and information statistic, data maintenance and output. this system will provide better digital platform for resource reasonable exploitation and scientific management．
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Pavlova, Anna I. "SPATIAL DATABASES OF AGRONOMIC GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS." Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture 13, no. 5 (March 21, 2022): 336–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2021-13-5-336-349.
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The work is devoted to the development of spatial databases for the assessment of agricultural land. The geodatabase is aimed at geoinformation support of assessment, agroecological typing (groups, types of land) of agricultural lands, development of adaptive-landscape farming systems. The paper presents the structure of the database of regional and local levels. Three different ways of user interaction with the AgroGIS database are proposed. For practical implementation, it is proposed to use the object-functional approach to database development, based on the use of cloud data storage technology in the DBMS SQlite.
Background. Geoinformation support of agronomic geoinformation systems (AgroGIS) is aimed at assessing natural-territorial conditions and environmental factors in agrolandscapes, development of adaptive landscape farming systems. AgroGIS geodatabases serve to store, analyze and present spatial information on agricultural land. As shown by an analysis of literary sources, the term “geodatabase” was formed more than twenty years ago. At the same time different geodatabases are known: archaeological, cartographic, soil and others. They differ in the object of research, structure and content, as well as the way of data organization. This indicates the relevance of the topics of the present research.
Purpose. The purpose of the work is to develop the structure and content of the geodatabase agronomic GIS.
Materials and methods. The object-functional approach to database development, which is supported by object-oriented database management systems (DBMS) and classical relational DBMS, is used. The essence of this approach is to implement functional tasks taking into account the needs of the user.
Results. The main components of geodatabase in the form of separate sets of spatial classes (Climate, Relief, Soil, Vegetation, Hydrography, Agrolandscape) are proposed. At the same time the paper shows the need for practical implementation of agronomic geoinformation geodatabases from several aspects.
Conclusion. In the development of spatial databases of agronomic GIS the most important feature is the ability to constantly update information in the form of temporal component. Practical implementation of temporal geodatabases is possible with the use of non-relational database management systems, as well as methods of processing big data (Big Data).
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Xu, Joseph, and John Laird. "Combining Learned Discrete and Continuous Action Models." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 25, no. 1 (August 4, 2011): 1449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v25i1.7833.
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Action modeling is an important skill for agents that must perform tasks in novel domains. Previous work on action modeling has focused on learning STRIPS operators in discrete, relational domains. There has also been a separate vein of work in continuous function approximation for use in optimal control in robotics. Most real world domains are grounded in continuous dynamics but also exhibit emergent regularities at an abstract relational level of description. These two levels of regularity are often difficult to capture using a single action representation and learning method. In this paper we describe a system that combines discrete and continuous action modeling techniques in the Soar cognitive architecture. Our system accepts a continuous state representation from the environment and derives a relational state on top of it using spatial relations. The dynamics over each representation is learned separately using two simple instance-based algorithms. The predictions from the individual models are then combined in a way that takes advantage of the information captured by each representation. We empirically show that this combined model is more accurate and generalizable than each of the individual models in a spatial navigation domain.
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WAN, QIN, YAONAN WANG, HONGSHAN YU, XIAOFANG YUAN, and JUAN LU. "TRACKING MULTIPLE PERSONS BASED ON ATTRIBUTED RELATIONAL GRAPH." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 25, no. 05 (August 2011): 713–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001411008646.
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The appearance model is very effective in tracking multiple persons. The main difficulty in tracking persons is to represent appearance reliably and effectively, especially in the presence of occlusions. In this paper, an effective Attributed Relational Graph (ARG) based tracking algorithm is presented to track multiple persons even under occlusions. The appearance of each person is expressed by an ARG model which not only combines color feature with spatial information but also illustrates the relations among body parts. The similarity of ARG models is computed to build a matching matrix in consecutive frames. Four tracking situations are determined according to the matching matrix. In addition, to track persons under occlusions, probabilistic relaxation labeling in the ARG models of body parts is deduced to label occluded persons optimally. Experimental validation of the proposed tracking method is verified and presented on indoor and outdoor sequences.
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Tang, Rui. "Research on Interactive Spatial Scheduling of VR Movie Based on Spatiotemporal Relational Narration." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (June 9, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7499420.
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The application of virtual reality (VR) technology has revolutionized the aesthetic concept of traditional movies, which especially causes the evolution of the concept and form of time and space in movies that the space-time structure and narrative form of traditional movies are no longer suitable for VR movies. Therefore, in this paper, the space-time of VR movies is deconstructed and reconstructed, and the space-time consciousness is taken as the research background. From the perspective of creative subject and audience experience, the space-time narrative characteristics, structure, and methods of virtual reality movies are discussed. At the same time, based on the dynamic scheduling principle of VR images, a multisource scheduling model is established with narrative space, intention space, aesthetic empathy, emotional identity, time deconstruction, and music expression as the original data sets, which is of guiding significance to the creative practice of VR movies.
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Benson, Allen C. "Image descriptions and their relational expressions: a review of the literature and the issues." Journal of Documentation 71, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2013-0093.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to survey the treatment of relationships, relationship expressions and the ways in which they manifest themselves in image descriptions. Design/methodology/approach – The term “relationship” is construed in the broadest possible way to include spatial relationships (“to the right of”), temporal (“in 1936,” “at noon”), meronymic (“part of”), and attributive (“has color,” “has dimension”). The intentions of these vaguely delimited categories with image information, image creation, and description in libraries and archives is complex and in need of explanation. Findings – The review brings into question many generally held beliefs about the relationship problem such as the belief that the semantics of relationships are somehow embedded in the relationship term itself and that image search and retrieval solutions can be found through refinement of word-matching systems. Originality/value – This review has no hope of systematically examining all evidence in all disciplines pertaining to this topic. It instead focusses on a general description of a theoretical treatment in Library and Information Science.
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Jayaraman, Premaladha, Nirmala Veeramani, Raghunathan Krishankumar, Kattur Soundarapandian Ravichandran, Fausto Cavallaro, Pratibha Rani, and Abbas Mardani. "Wavelet-Based Classification of Enhanced Melanoma Skin Lesions through Deep Neural Architectures." Information 13, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13120583.
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In recent years, skin cancer diagnosis has been aided by the most sophisticated and advanced machine learning algorithms, primarily implemented in the spatial domain. In this research work, we concentrated on two crucial phases of a computer-aided diagnosis system: (i) image enhancement through enhanced median filtering algorithms based on the range method, fuzzy relational method, and similarity coefficient, and (ii) wavelet decomposition using DB4, Symlet, RBIO, and extracting seven unique entropy features and eight statistical features from the segmented image. The extracted features were then normalized and provided for classification based on supervised and deep-learning algorithms. The proposed system is comprised of enhanced filtering algorithms, Normalized Otsu’s Segmentation, and wavelet-based entropy. Statistical feature extraction led to a classification accuracy of 93.6%, 0.71% higher than the spatial domain-based classification. With better classification accuracy, the proposed system will assist clinicians and dermatology specialists in identifying skin cancer early in its stages.
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Brown, M. Anne. "The spatial turn, reification and relational epistemologies in ‘knowing about’ security and peace." Cooperation and Conflict 55, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 421–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954474.
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How we approach knowing conflict and security makes a difference. This article first considers how reification, instrumental subject/object relations and the drive for certainty and control undermine effective knowledge and practice in questions of conflict and peace. It then turns to what the spatial turn and notions of emplaced security might offer to working against violence. As with any theoretical perspective, the spatial turn can itself be reified, repeating epistemological relations entrenched in much security analysis. The spatial turn and emplaced security explicitly highlight alternative, more relational knowledge practices, however. A relational epistemology approaches knowledge not only as information about a subject out there, but also as a form of practice with others which changes conditions of possibility for co-existence. If pursued, such approaches could help loosen the grip of narrow constructions of security, insecurity, the person, power and agency which dominate security analysis and obstruct understanding and the generation of alternatives in situations of entrenched conflict. An orientation to place could not only enable more nuanced accounts of peace and conflict, but support mutual recognition and exchange across division, assisting an ethic of attention and concrete peace and conflict resolution efforts.
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Chabaniuk, Viktor, and Kateryna Polyvach. "Cartographic interpretation of the “meta” notion in the cultural heritage context." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 4 (2020): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-4-26-371-384.
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The monograph [Aslanikashvili, 1974] does not define the term “metacartography”, although the notion itself is described in sufficient detail to be understood. A. Aslanikashvili’s metacartography has proven to be very useful in considering the relations between modern systematic cartographic phenomena, which are often relate to Web 2.0 cartography. The article offers a practical interpretation of the “meta” notion in such phenomena as National Atlases, National Spatial Data Infrastructures and OpenStreetMap. This is done using the Conceptual Frameworks (CoFr) method and the Atlas Extender (AtEx), which allow extending atlases in the classical sense to extended atlas systems. AtEx implements a CoFr method of relational cartography based on patterns (hereinafter RelCa), among which are relational patterns of “meta”. CoFr describe the structure of spatial information systems in an extended sense, and relational cartographies are defined as the coordinated art, science and technology of making and using relations in (extended) cartographic systems and between (extended) cartographic systems. Due to this we can consider relational spaces that have a lot in common with the specific spaces of A. Aslanikashvili. To apply the RelCa methods, the understanding of “metacartography”, “map meta-model” and “map language” notions have been updated. For this purpose, Model-Based Engineering (MBE) has been used, an area of computer science that is evolving in our century. The analogies between BMI constructions, modern systematic cartographic phenomena and A. Aslanikashvili metacartography are shown. It has been proved abductively that in modern conditions the field of cartography research needs to be extended by relational spaces or to a system of spatial systems of a certain epistemological structure. Important in this structuring is the relation of “meta” that A. Aslanikashvili began to explore. The abduction proved the presence and necessity of using the “meta” relation when constructing cultural heritage maps. In particular, the interpretation of the “meta” relation for choropleth maps is proposed, modeling the saturation assessment of the country by the entities of the material cultural heritage. The results obtained will be included in the Atlas of Cultural Heritage of Ukraine.
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Wu, Tao, Jianxin Qin, and Yiliang Wan. "TOST: A Topological Semantic Model for GPS Trajectories Inside Road Networks." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8090410.
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To organize trajectory data is a challenging issue for both studies on spatial databases and spatial data mining in the last decade, especially where there is semantic information involved. The high-level semantic features of trajectory data exploit human movement interrelated with geographic context, which is becoming increasingly important in representing and analyzing actual information contained in movements and further processing. This paper argues for a novel semantic trajectory model named TOST. It considers both semantic and geographic information of trajectory data happens along network infrastructure simultaneously. In TOST, a flexible intersection-based semantic representation is designed to express movement typically constrained by urban road networks by combining sets of local semantic details along the time axis. A relational schema based on this model was instantiated against real datasets, which illustrated the effectivity of our proposed model.
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Boyes, G. A., C. Ellul, and D. Irwin. "EXPLORING BIM FOR OPERATIONAL INTEGRATED ASSET MANAGEMENT – A PRELIMINARY STUDY UTILISING REAL-WORLD INFRASTRUCTURE DATA." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W5 (October 23, 2017): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w5-49-2017.
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The use of 3D information models within collaborative working environments and the practice of Building Information Modelling (BIM) are becoming more commonplace within infrastructure projects. Currently used predominantly during the design and construction phase, the use of BIM is capable in theory of providing the information at handover that will satisfy the Asset Information Requirements (AIRs) of the future Infrastructure Manager (IM). One particular challenge is establishing a link between existing construction-centric information and the asset-centric information needed for future operations. Crossrail, a project to build a new high-frequency railway underneath London, is handling many such challenges as they prepare to handover their digital information to the future operator, in particular the need to provide a two-way link between a federated 3D CAD model and an object-relational Asset Information Management System (AIMS). This paper focusses on the potential for improved Asset Management (AM) by integrating BIM and GIS systems and practices, and makes a preliminary report on how 3D spatial queries can be used to establish a two-way relational link between two information systems (3D geometry and asset lists), as well as the challenges being overcome to transform the data to be suitable for AM.