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Статті в журналах з теми "Spatial Map"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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1

Handawati, Rayuna. "PENGEMBANGAN MENTAL MAP DALAM PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI DI SEKOLAH." Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 18, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.182.02.

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Mental map sebagai gambaran tentang suatu wilayah dan lingkungannya, yang dikembangkan oleh individu atas dasar pengalaman sehari-hari dari berbagai sumber, antara lain dapat diperoleh melalui pembelajaran di sekolah dari guru dan media. Alat ukur keakuratan mental map seseorang terhadap suatu wilayah adalah mengkonfirmasi atau menerjemahkan dalam peta kartografis. Namun bersama peta kartografis, spektrum mental map peserta didik dapat dikembangkan tidak hanya berupa pengetahuan dan persepsi tentang lokasi geografis dari suatu obyek di permukaan bumi, peserta didik juga dapat melihat hubungan antar fenomena di permukaan bumi, pola, persamaan dan perbedaan hingga interdependensi suatu tempat dengan menerapkan prinsip dan pendekatan geografi. Mental map yang baik dan berkembang akan berguna bagi peserta didik dalam membuat keputusan untuk kepentingan pribadi hingga memberikan solusi kepada masyarakat. Guru berperan mendesain pembelajaran yang dimulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi yang mengembangkan mental map. Setiap pokok bahasan geografi pada mata pelajaran geografi dijelaskan dengan sudut pandang geografi dalam skala lokal, regional dan global. Setiap pokok bahasan geografi di sekolah juga harus menerapkan prinsip maupun pendekatan geografi untuk memaksimalkan mental map peserta didik terhadap lingkungan tempat tinggalnya, negaranya dan internasional sesuai tujuan pembelajaran geografi di sekolah.

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2

Netek, Rostislav, and Jakub Konicek. "Interactive Spatial Visualization of Aggregated Non-spatial Coronavirus Data." Abstracts of the ICA 2 (October 8, 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-2-12-2020.

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Abstract. The article describes the process of aggregation of media-based data about coronavirus pandemic in the Olomouc region, Czech Republic. Originally non-spatially located news from different sources and various platforms (government, social media, news portals) were automatically aggregated into a centralized database. The application “COVID-map” is an interactive web map solution which visualizes records from the database in a spatial way. COVID-map has been developed within Ad hoc online hackathon as an academic project at the Department of Geoinformatics, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic. Alongside spatially localized data, map application collects statistical data from official sources e.g. from the governmental crisis management office.Our approach focuses on cartographical aspects of COVID-map solution. It respects current trends in both development of cartographic oriented outputs and web-based interactive map application. It is fully responsive. Originally, nonspatial data were aggregated, verified, geo-located, and finally visualized in the map environment. The layout combines three main parts: interactive map with spatial data; information panel with updated statistical data; and a sidebar with a filterable list of verified and geo-located news. The main cartographic method used for the visualisation is the choropleth map. It shows the distribution of positively tested people per 10 000 inhabitants for each sub-region. In comparison with similar coronavirus visualisation made during the current pandemic, our solution respects fundamental cartographical rules.Following cartographical topics are discussed in the article: the correct choice of cartographic method and its implementation; determination of a colour scale; recalculation statistics data into relative units by choropleths map method; design of map symbols and legend; searching for a suitable visualization of spatial and non-spatial sources into map layout; discussion on the suitability of using a clustering method.The motivation for this project was both social responsibility and dissatisfaction with the wrong implementation of basic cartographic methods in a variety of alternative solutions. The impact was immediate. Within a few days after the launch, tens of thousands users per day visited the COVID-map. It has been published by regional and national media. The COVID-map solution could be considered as a suitable ad-hoc implementation of the correctly used cartographical method on the example of coronavirus pandemic. The application “COVID-map” is available online at URL: https://gis.upol.cz/covid/mapa/.

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3

Herison, Ahmad, Yuda Romdania, Ahmad Zakaria, and Sandy Kusuma. "Design and Implementation of WebGIS Marine Ecotourism Area, Tegal Island, Lampung Province." Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 19, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.192.4.

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Tegal Island has the potential and diversity of marine tourism which is an attraction for tourists. However, information is not yet available that can help tourists in knowing the objects and tourist areas contained in Tegal Island. This research presents tourism information in Tegal Island in the form of a Geographic Information System map. The mapping method is done using Quantum GIS software with the help of the QuickMapServices (QMS) plugin to display Google Earth imagery and the qgis2web plugin to convert QGIS files (.qgz) into web maps (WebGIS) and the presence of tourist index input. The mapping results obtained digitization of each tourist object and facility on Tegal Island in the form of shapefiles (.shp) as well as information displayed on the attribute table layer. WebGIS is used as a media for GIS map renderers that is easily accessed and adjusted according to the JavaScript Leaflet library (open source). Map of Geographic Information Systems makes it easy for people to convey and search for tourist information on Tegal Island.

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4

Cahyono, Ari. "STUDI NAMA GEOGRAFI MELALUI LAYANAN PEMETAAN URUNDAYA DI DESA GIRIPURWO, PURWOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL D.I. YOGYAKARTA." Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 18, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.182.04.

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A geographical name is a name that identify specific feature on the earth. That features could be a settlement, administrative region, natural feature, artificial feature, unbounded region, or virtual region. Under the Law Number 4 of 2011 concerning Geospatial Information, the geographical name is one of the layer that must appear on the base map. The acquisition of geographical names can be facilitated by crowdsourcing map that are conducted by corporations or the public. The objectives of this study are 1) to carry out an inventory of geographic names through crowdsourced maps, and 2) to examine the opportunities and challenges of the study of geographic names in rural areas. We observed data from crowdsourcing maps, e.g., Google Maps, Here Maps, and OpenStreetMaps that cover Giripurwo Village. We used spatial comparison in this research. We also compared its appearances on various mapping scales. A field survey was conducted to get more qualitative information about geographical names and to test the accuracy of maps. The results showed that there were differences between the crowdsource map services in presenting the geographical names at the same scale level. We face constraints in this mapping, i.e. limited accessibility in the entire region and sparsely populated in a karst region. Conversely, the high participation of rural communities is beneficial in this mapping process.

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5

Yufen, Chen. "Map spatial cognition research and spatial information visualization." Journal of Geographical Sciences 11, S1 (December 2001): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02837448.

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6

Bimonte, Sandro, Michela Bertolotto, Jérôme Gensel, and Omar Boussaid. "Spatial OLAP and Map Generalization." International Journal of Data Warehousing and Mining 8, no. 1 (January 2012): 24–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdwm.2012010102.

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Map generalization can be used as a central component of Spatial Decision Support Systems to provide a simplified and more readable cartographic visualization of geographic information. Indeed, it supports the user mental process for discovering important and unknown geospatial relations, trends and patterns. Spatial OLAP (SOLAP) integrates spatial data into OLAP and data warehouse systems. SOLAP models and tools are based on the concepts of spatial dimensions and measures that represent the axes and the subjects of the spatio-multidimensional analysis. Although powerful under some respect, current SOLAP models cannot support map generalization capabilities. This paper provides the first effort to integrate Map Generalization and OLAP. Firstly the authors define all modeling and querying requirements to do this integration, and then present a SOLAP model and algebra that support map generalization concepts. The approach extends SOLAP spatial hierarchies introducing multi-association relationships, supports imprecise measures, and it takes into account spatial dimensions constraints generated by multiple map generalization hierarchies.

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7

Castellar, Sonia Maria Vanzella, and Paula Cristiane Strina Juliasz. "Mental map and spatial thinking." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-18-2018.

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The spatial thinking is a central concept in our researches at the Faculty of Education of University of São Paulo (FE-USP). The cartography is fundamental to this kind of thinking, because it contributes to the development of the representation of space. The spatial representations are the drawings &ndash; mental maps &ndash; maps, chart, aerial photos, satellite images, graphics and diagrams. To think spatially &ndash; including the contents and concepts geographical and their representations &ndash; also corresponds to reason, defined by the skills the individual develops to understand the structure, function of a space, and describe your organization and relation to other spaces. The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of mental maps in the development of concepts of city and landscape &ndash; structuring concepts for school geography. The purpose is to analyze how students in Geography and Pedagogy &ndash; future teachers &ndash; and young children in Early Childhood Education think, feel, and appropriate these concepts. The analys is indicates the importance of developing mental map in activities with pedagogy and geography graduate student to know that students at school can be producers of maps. Cartography is a language and allows the student to develop the spatial and temporal relationships and notions such as orientation, distance and location, learning the concepts of geographical science. Mental maps present the basic features of the location such as the conditions &ndash; the features verified in one place &ndash; and the connections that is to understand how this place connects to other places.

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8

Chou, Yue Hong. "Map Resolution and Spatial Autocorrelation." Geographical Analysis 23, no. 3 (September 3, 2010): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1991.tb00236.x.

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9

Purnama, Setyawan, Muh Aris Marfai, Dini Feti Anggraini, and Ahmad Cahyadi. "ESTIMASI RISIKO KERUGIAN EKONOMI AKIBAT BANJIR ROB MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI KECAMATAN PENJARINGAN, JAKARTA UTARA." Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.142.02.

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ABSTRACT As a coastal area, North Jakarta face global climate change i.e sea level rise. This phenomena can cause some negative impact to the usage of the area. The objectives of this research is to estimate economic risk caused rob flood from sea with some scenariosof sea water level. The development of flood rob mapping method incoastal area is carried out by neighbourhood operation in Geograhic Information System (GIS) based raster. Economic risk analysis is carried out by overlay of Flood Hazard Map in some scenarios and Land Use Map in certain economic value.The result of research show that economic risk that caused by flood rob 30 cm high is Rp 424.318.821.500,00. Economic risk with 115 cm flood rob high is 2.934.277.188.000,00, whereas economic risk with 200 cm flood rob high is Rp 4.758.739.166.000,00. High risk area is dominated by business area (67,76%) and reguler settlement (24,66%). Key words : rob flood, neighbourhood operation, North Jakarta

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10

Wiemer, Jan C. "The Time-Organized Map Algorithm: Extending the Self-Organizing Map to Spatiotemporal Signals." Neural Computation 15, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 1143–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976603765202695.

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The new time-organized map (TOM) is presented for a better understanding of the self-organization and geometric structure of cortical signal representations. The algorithm extends the common self-organizing map (SOM) from the processing of purely spatial signals to the processing of spatiotemporal signals. The main additional idea of the TOM compared with the SOM is the functionally reasonable transfer of temporal signal distances into spatial signal distances in topographic neural representations. This is achieved by neural dynamics of propagating waves, allowing current and former signals to interact spatiotemporally in the neural network. Within a biologically plausible framework, the TOM algorithm (1) reveals how dynamic neural networks can self-organize to embed spatial signals in temporal context in order to realize functional meaningful invariances, (2) predicts time-organized representational structures in cortical areas representing signals with systematic temporal relation, and (3) suggests that the strength with which signals interact in the cortex determines the type of signal topology realized in topographic maps (e.g., spatially or temporally defined signal topology). Moreover, the TOM algorithm supports the explanation of topographic reorganizations based on time-to-space transformations (Wiemer, Spengler, Joublin, Stagge, & Wacquant, 2000).

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11

Ying, Shen, Wan Wen, Yuan Wan, and Xinqiao Duan. "Modelling the spatial evolution of map objects by map agents." Geocarto International 31, no. 4 (June 25, 2015): 408–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2015.1054440.

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12

Ahmed, E., and A. S. Hegazi. "On circle map coupled map lattice." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2003, no. 45 (2003): 2887–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171203111234.

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The circle map in one and two dimensions is studied. Both its stability and synchronization, using a bounded control and persistence, are discussed. This work is expected to be applicable in ecology where spatial effects are known to be important. Also, it will be relevant to systems where delay effects are not negligible.

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13

Peyrache, Adrien, and Adrian J. Duszkiewicz. "A spatial map out of place." Cell Research 31, no. 6 (February 24, 2021): 605–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41422-021-00478-w.

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14

Xiao, Chengli, Yangmin Lian, and Mary Hegarty. "Spatial updating of map-acquired representation." Memory & Cognition 43, no. 7 (March 27, 2015): 1032–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-015-0520-8.

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15

Rosenzweig, Ephron S., A. David Redish, Bruce L. McNaughton, and Carol A. Barnes. "Hippocampal map realignment and spatial learning." Nature Neuroscience 6, no. 6 (April 28, 2003): 609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1053.

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16

Lanca, Margaret, and John R. Kirby. "The Benefits of Verbal and Spatial Tasks in Contour Map Learning." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 21 (June 1, 1995): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp21.867.

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It has been proposed that the ability to read a map stems from both verbal-analytic and spatial-holistic processes. It has, in tum, been argued that these processes are affected by both spatial ability and gender. This essay presents the results of a study exploring these relationships. Subjects studied a contour map in one of four conditions: a verbal learning group, a spatial learning group, a combined spatial and verbal learning group, and a study-only control group. Contrary to previous reference map learning studies, this study found that the verbal task had no effect upon memory for two-dimensional map information. As predicted, the spatial task did increase memory for three-dimensional map information. In terms of spatial learning instructions, males performed significantly better than females for three-dimensional map information, and females' two-dimensional map memory was better in the non-spatial task groups than in the spatial task groups. There was no effect of spatial ability for map memory. These results suggest limits for the benefit of a verbal learning task in contour map learning.

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17

Han, Xue, and Suzanna Becker. "One spatial map or many? Spatial coding of connected environments." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40, no. 2 (March 2014): 511–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0035259.

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18

Utami, Westi, Abdul Muzil, Deny Andriawan, Maryono Dwi Saputra, and Weni Yolanda Ratnasari. "SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN PALU CITY." Tunas Geografi 9, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/tgeo.v9i2.20001.

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The earthquake, tsunami, and liquefaction that hit Palu in 2018 damaged infrastructure and settlements and resulted in 2,101 fatalities. In this context, understanding the level of vulnerability and disaster mitigation is very important, especially in providing directions for spatial use. This study aimed to map the affected areas, map the suitability of land use against spatial planning, and map settlement development in Palu City. Data analysis was carried out spatially through an overlay of spatial pattern maps with disaster-affected areas to map the disaster-affected areas. Next, an overlay was carried out on the land use with the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) to map the suitability of land use. Finally, an overlay of disaster-prone space zones was carried out on spatial patterns to map the classification of settlement zones. The results of the analysis show that in Palu City there are locations that are suitable for settlement and development covering an area of 5233.978 Ha or 13%; an area that can be used but conditional for settlement is 26860.36 Ha or 68%; the area that can be used but with certain conditions is 3106,714 Ha or 8%; while the land area of 4057,112 ha or 10% is a forbidden zone. This study is expected to become a consideration for the community in building settlements as well as a consideration in preparing spatial plans to suit disaster mitigation efforts. This effort is made so that the construction of post-disaster settlements is carried out in disaster-safe areas.

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19

Campos, Alfredo, and Diego Campos-Juanatey. "Measure of Spatial Orientation Ability." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 39, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276236619896268.

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The aim of this study was to design a test to measure a person’s ability to orient themselves on a “you are-here” map. The Spatial Orientation Skills Test, a test measuring spatial orientation ability, consists of 30 items, each item contains two maps, one is positioned at 0° (the model), and the other is the same map but amplified and rotated. The task participants were required to perform was to find their way around on the model map to get to a specific point by taking as a reference point the position indicated on the amplified and rotated map. A sample of 281 university undergraduates participated in the study. The test obtained a Cronbach alpha of .83. The test was significantly correlated to the test measuring image rotation. The results are discussed, and new lines of research are proposed.

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20

Sanchez, Christopher A., and Russell J. Branaghan. "The interaction of map resolution and spatial abilities on map learning." International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 67, no. 5 (May 2009): 475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2008.12.003.

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21

Hiatt, Alfred. "Beowulf off the map." Anglo-Saxon England 38 (December 2009): 11–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026367510999010x.

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AbstractThis essay uses maps that have illustrated Beowulf since Klaeber's edition as a starting point for an exploration of spatial representation in the poem. It is argued that modern maps do not offer particularly useful tools for understanding the poem, and that ‘chorography’, that is, the description of regional space, may be a more accurate term for analysis of Beowulf than ‘geography’. The poem presents a topography intimately connected to the interrelations of different peoples, and the frequent movement between past, present and future times. The final section of the article considers the postmedieval reception of spatial reference in Beowulf, disputes the presence of an Anglo-Saxon ‘migration myth’ in the poem, and raises some implications for genre that result from spatial analysis.

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22

Pásztor, László, Gábor Négyesi, Annamária Laborczi, Tamás Kovács, Elemér László, and Zita Bihari. "Integrated spatial assessment of wind erosion risk in Hungary." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 11 (November 24, 2016): 2421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2421-2016.

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Abstract. Wind erosion susceptibility of Hungarian soils was mapped on the national level integrating three factors of the complex phenomenon of deflation (physical soil features, wind characteristics, and land use and land cover). Results of wind tunnel experiments on erodibility of representative soil samples were used for the parametrization of a countrywide map of soil texture compiled for the upper 5 cm layer of soil, which resulted in a map representing threshold wind velocity exceedance. Average wind velocity was spatially estimated with 0.5′ resolution using the Meteorological Interpolation based on Surface Homogenised Data Basis (MISH) method elaborated for the spatial interpolation of surface meteorological elements. The probability of threshold wind velocity exceedance was determined based on values predicted by the soil texture map at the grid locations. Ratio values were further interpolated to a finer 1 ha resolution using sand and silt content of the uppermost (0–5 cm) layer of soil as spatial co-variables. Land cover was also taken into account, excluding areas that are not relevant to wind erosion (forests, water bodies, settlements, etc.), to spatially assess the risk of wind erosion. According to the resulting map of wind erosion susceptibility, about 10 % of the total area of Hungary can be identified as susceptible to wind erosion. The map gives more detailed insight into the spatial distribution of wind-affected areas in Hungary compared to previous studies.

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23

Nelson, Elisabeth S. "Males, Females, and Maps: Evaluating Spatial Encoding Strategies." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 25 (September 1, 1996): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp25.734.

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Cognitive research suggests that there is a difference in the spatial abilities of males and females. Results of studies that examine wayfinding skills indicate that the differences found may be linked to a variation in the types of strategies used in completing spatial tasks. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of gender on different strategies for encoding spatial information in a map context. An experiment was conducted in which subjects studied a map presented to them using one of three encoding strategies: (1) a control strategy in which they viewed the map as a static representation, (2) a landmark-based strategy in which they viewed a dynamic sequencing of the map that began with landmark locations and built over time to include all map components, and (3) a path-based strategy in which they viewed a dynamic sequencing of the map that began with path locations and built over time to include all map components. Following this study phase, subjects completed a series of map recognition tasks where they indicated whether a presented map was the same as or different from the map they had originally studied. Test maps that differed from the memorized map were modified by either replacing, displacing, or reversing the perspective of a map object. Results indicated that while encoding strategy played a significant role in determining how accurately subjects could perform the recognition task, gender did not significantly influence how well any particular strategy worked for encoding map-based spatial information.

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24

Yabe, Naoto. "Geographically weighted bidimensional regression on the 17th-century map of a castle town in Japan." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-412-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Previous studies on historical maps have frequently used the bidimensional regression method to analyze the distortion of the maps. In many cases, however, the residuals of bidimensional regression are spatially auto-correlated. Of course, we can understand map distortions by those spatially auto-correlated residuals. At the same time, however, there is a possibility for another approach, which is to expand the bidimensional regression method to one consisting of spatial auto-correlations. Geographically weighted regression is a famous example of such a regression method that consists of spatial auto-correlations. Thus, a new method, called geographically weighted bidimensional regression, is proposed in this study. This regression method was applied to the 17th-century map of a castle town in Japan. The results indicate that spatial auto-correlation of residuals no longer exists. In addition, local parameters of the new method can describe map distortions directly. Ordinary bidimensional regression divides map distortions into global distortions and local distortions, which means that the ordinary technique assumed global distortions. The new method, however, can explore map distortions without assuming global distortions.</p>

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25

Luo, Shuaiwei, Fuqiang Gu, Fan Xu, and Jianga Shang. "Effect Evaluation of Spatial Characteristics on Map Matching-Based Indoor Positioning." Sensors 20, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 6698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226698.

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Map-matching is a popular method that uses spatial information to improve the accuracy of positioning methods. The performance of map matching methods is closely related to spatial characteristics. Although several studies have demonstrated that certain map matching algorithms are affected by some spatial structures (e.g., parallel paths), they focus on the analysis of single map matching method or few spatial structures. In this study, we explored how the most commonly-used four spatial characteristics (namely forks, open spaces, corners, and narrow corridors) affect three popular map matching methods, namely particle filtering (PF), hidden Markov model (HMM), and geometric methods. We first provide a theoretical analysis on how spatial characteristics affect the performance of map matching methods, and then evaluate these effects through experiments. We found that corners and narrow corridors are helpful in improving the positioning accuracy, while forks and open spaces often lead to a larger positioning error. We hope that our findings are helpful for future researchers in choosing proper map matching algorithms with considering the spatial characteristics.

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26

Xing, Xing, and Jeffrey A. Saunders. "Non-spatial similarity can bias spatial distances in a cognitive map." Cognition 229 (December 2022): 105251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105251.

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27

Keil, Julian, Dennis Edler, Lars Kuchinke, and Frank Dickmann. "Visualization of Spatial Uncertainty Improves Map Matching." Abstracts of the ICA 5 (September 14, 2022): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-5-55-2022.

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28

Kesner, Raymond P., and Jeffrey M. Long. "Parietal cortex and a spatial cognitive map." Psychobiology 26, no. 2 (June 1998): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03330604.

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29

Shimizu, Toru, Masakazu Ikezaki, Taketoshi Ushiama, and Toyohide Watanabe. "Map Retrieval Based on Geometric Spatial Relations." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 129, no. 3 (2009): 522–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.129.522.

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30

Pellenbarg, Piet H., and Paul J. M. Van Steen. "The Spatial Preference Map of Dutch Entrepreneurs." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 104, no. 1 (January 18, 2013): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12001.

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31

Wood, Emma R., and Paul A. Dudchenko. "Aging, spatial behavior and the cognitive map." Nature Neuroscience 6, no. 6 (June 2003): 546–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0603-546.

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32

Hribar, Alenka, Daniel Haun, and Josep Call. "Great apes’ strategies to map spatial relations." Animal Cognition 14, no. 4 (February 26, 2011): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-011-0385-6.

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33

Waller, Lance A. "Putting spatial statistics (back) on the map." Spatial Statistics 9 (August 2014): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spasta.2014.03.007.

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34

Wallgrün, Jan Oliver. "Qualitative Spatial Reasoning for Topological Map Learning." Spatial Cognition & Computation 10, no. 4 (October 22, 2010): 207–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13875860903540906.

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35

Toraldo, Alessio, and Carlo Reverberi. "Misprojection of landmarks onto the spatial map." Brain and Cognition 55, no. 3 (August 2004): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.074.

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36

Shimizu, Toru, Masakazu Ikezaki, Taketoshi Ushiama, and Toyohide Watanabe. "Map retrieval based on geometric spatial relations." Electronics and Communications in Japan 94, no. 8 (July 21, 2011): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecj.10345.

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37

Borghesi, Lisa A., Nadine Weisel, Ailing Liu, and Mark J. Shlomchik. "Spatial map of human B cell compartmentalization." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 166.31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.166.31.

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Анотація:

Abstract We have performed a comprehensive analysis of human lymphoid tissue from relatively inaccessible sites including SPL, BM and LN from normal donors. Most of what is known about human B cells comes from blood, a tissue that contains only ~2% of the immune cells in the body. Examination of different tissues from 14 independent donors reveals for the first time the global B cell population structure. We performed unbiased computational clustering on samples stained with antibodies to markers indicative of antigen experience, activation status, and tissue retention. We found that the population structure of splenic B cells is remarkably conserved across a large number of donors who vary by age, gender, environment and history of pathogen exposure. By contrast, blood B cell composition is highly individualized with respect to each donor while BM has a relatively uniform population structure with some individual tailoring. Comparison of paired tissues within individuals further demonstrates that SPL and blood contain largely non-overlapping populations, suggesting geographic segregation of B cell subsets within each person. Recently published Ig clonal tracking studies from this donor cohort demonstrates partitioning of B cell clonal sharing into two broad networks, one across blood rich tissues and the other restricted to portions of the GI tract. Knowledge about the mechanisms that direct the trafficking and retention of discrete B cell subsets to specific tissues has direct implication to how infections are controlled throughout the body. Our findings constitute the basis for a geographic understanding of B cell population structure that will inform studies on the human humoral immune response.

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38

Schwering, Angela, Jakub Krukar, Jana Seep, and Yousef Qamaz. "Individualization in Spatial Behaviour and Map Reading." AGILE: GIScience Series 4 (June 6, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-41-2023.

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Abstract. For a long time, research has investigated spatial behaviour of people in navigation research and identified different wayfinding strategies. Researchers agree, that the environment with its structure and features influences the wayfinding strategies. The present paper presents a tool to investigate people’s strategies during navigation tasks. GeoGami, an educational geogame fostering navigational map reading skills, can be used to collect trajectories of people navigating through an environment. We developed a semantically annotated representation of the environment and clustered the resulting trajectories according to their spatio-temporal and semantic similarity. The result shows the existence of groups of common spatial patterns along with individual spatial behaviours that cannot be grouped into a cluster.

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39

Diesing, Markus. "Deep-sea sediments of the global ocean." Earth System Science Data 12, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 3367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3367-2020.

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Abstract. Although the deep-sea floor accounts for approximately 60 % of Earth's surface, there has been little progress in relation to deriving maps of seafloor sediment distribution based on transparent, repeatable, and automated methods such as machine learning. A new digital map of the spatial distribution of seafloor lithologies below 500 m water depth is presented to address this shortcoming. The lithology map is accompanied by estimates of the probability of the most probable class, which may be interpreted as a spatially explicit measure of confidence in the predictions, and probabilities for the occurrence of five lithology classes (calcareous sediment, clay, diatom ooze, lithogenous sediment, and radiolarian ooze). These map products were derived by the application of the random-forest machine-learning algorithm to a homogenised dataset of seafloor lithology samples and global environmental predictor variables that were selected based on the current understanding of the controls on the spatial distribution of deep-sea sediments. It is expected that the map products are useful for various purposes including, but not limited to, teaching, management, spatial planning, design of marine protected areas, and as input for global spatial predictions of marine species distributions and seafloor sediment properties. The map products are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.911692 (Diesing, 2020).

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40

Teng, L., H. Dan, and Y. Di. "Model for spatial-correlated clutter and its application to temporal–spatial correlated clutter." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 5, no. 3 (2011): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2009.0505.

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41

Wu, Hao, and Hongguo Jia. "Extraction of knowledge on spatial distribution and spatial relationship from scanned topographic map using Convolutional Neural Networks." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-407-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Topographic maps (TM) contain plenty of geographic information, such as topographic fluctuations, hydrological networks, vegetation, administrative regions, residential areas, transportation routes and facilities and other man-made features. Based on geographic information, the map knowledge extracted from topographic maps has been widely used in many research fields, such as landscape ecology, land and resources management and urbanization.</p><p>Traditional topographic maps are generally in paper-format. It is difficult to use them for the spatial or multi-temporal analysis. Thus many research work focus on the extraction of geographic information based on scanned topographic maps (STM).Most of the existing studies developed many methods and algorithms to extract the geographical information from scanned topographic maps. However, these proposed methods usually only can extract a certain kind of feature, and parameters used in these methods are needed to set manually. However, for map knowledge, e.g. spatial distribution and spatial relationship among different map features, it is difficult to effectively combine different methods to extract map knowledge. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of extracting geographic knowledge based on deep-learning, which can be object-oriented and efficiently extract geographic knowledge. This method contains three steps: 1) establishing samples for different map features; 2) using the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which is suited to the image recognition (Karpathy A et al. 2014), to classify the scanned topographic map; 3) estimating the proportion of different map features on maps and describing the spatial distribution based on a grid.</p><p>The method proposed in this study has been evaluated by some scale topographic maps. The results indicate that the extraction precise of this method can reach more than 70% for water and mountain areas and can also describe the spatial distribution for the features with larger map areas.</p>

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42

HUH, YOUNGSIK, and KOUKI TANIYAMA. "IDENTIFIABLE PROJECTIONS OF SPATIAL GRAPHS." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 13, no. 08 (December 2004): 991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216504003640.

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A generic map from a finite graph to the 2-space is called identifiable if any two embeddings of the graph into the 3-space obtained by lifting the map with respect to the natural projection from the 3-space to the 2-space are ambient isotopic in the 3-space. We show that only planar graphs have identifiable maps. We characterize the identifiable maps for some planar graphs.

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43

Niman, Erna Mena, and Heronimus Emilia Arjo Wejang. "Students’ spatial thinking toward the school environment in Indonesia." Interdisciplinary Journal of Education Research 5 (June 8, 2023): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.38140/ijer-2023.vol5.06.

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This study describes the level of cognitive mapping among students in one of the senior high schools in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the cognitive map of secondary students using a sketch map. The cognitive map elements studied were paths, edges, landmarks, districts, and nodes. This research uses an interpretive paradigm to reveal how students make meaning of their school environment through map sketches. The research approach used was descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques included a map sketching test and direct interviews with six randomly selected key informants. Cognitive map analysis was used to analyse the cognitive map elements in students' map sketches. The results showed that second-grade students have diverse cognitive maps of their school environment. Thus, this study recommends that attention and substantial efforts from various parties, especially geography subject teachers, be more intense in utilising the surrounding environment as a geography learning laboratory at SMUK ST. Fransiskus Xaverius Ruteng.

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44

Wiener, Oswald, and Thomas Raab. "Computing the motor-sensor map." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27, no. 3 (June 2004): 423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x04500092.

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“Articulate models” subservient to formal intelligence are imagined to be heterarchies of automata capable of performing the “symbolic (quasi-spatial) syntheses” of Luria (1973), where “quasi-spatial” points to the abstract core of spatiality: the symbol productions, combinations, and substitutions of algebraic reckoning. The alleged cognitive role of internal “topographic images” and of “efference copies” is confronted with this background and denied.

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45

WILLEBOORDSE, FREDERICK H. "TIME-DELAYED MAP PHENOMENOLOGICAL EQUIVALENCY WITH A COUPLED MAP LATTICE." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 02, no. 03 (September 1992): 721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127492000847.

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It is shown that, what so far were considered to be purely spatiotemporal, phenomena in a model for a Coupled Map Lattice can be obtained through a newly introduced Time-Delayed Map with only one chaotic element, thereby effectively eliminating the spatial dimension.

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46

Kamaruddin, Sharir Aizat, Khairul Naim Abd. Aziz, Muhammad Akmal Roslani, and Zamzila Erdawati Zainol. "Sustainable Management of the Coastal Water pH of Pulau Tuba Using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) Method." Jurnal Intelek 16, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ji.v16i2.428.

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The purpose of this research is to evaluate the precision of the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) to estimate and map the coastal water pH for the sustainability of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi, Kedah. 30 sampling points have been set up during two sampling activities in November 2018. The pH meter has been calibrated and lowered to 1 meter below the water surface to measure the reading of pH. The development of the spatial model was developed using the spatial analyst tool available in ArcGIS Software. Several types of statistical analyses were carried to compare the observed and predicted value of pHs such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, and error analysis. Accuracy assessment was carried later after the transformation of a spatial model into a surface map. The research found that the IDW method successfully interpolated the pH readings. The research found that there is a strong positive correlation between the observed and predicted values. For error analysis, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were recorded at 0.033 and 0.044, respectively. After the transformation of the spatial model to the surface map, the accuracy of the map is recorded at 81.25%. The map produced can be used by residents and local government for social and economic development and protection of biodiversity at the coastal water of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi, Kedah.

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47

Giancola, Marco, Maria Chiara Pino, Valentina Riccio, Laura Piccardi, and Simonetta D’Amico. "Preschoolers’ Perceptual Analogical Reasoning and Map Reading: A Preliminary Study on the Mediating Effect of Spatial Language." Children 10, no. 4 (March 28, 2023): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10040630.

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Reading and interpreting a map represents an essential part of daily life, enabling appropriate orientation and navigation through space. Based on the idea that perceptual analogical reasoning is critical in aligning the spatial structure of the map with the spatial structure of the space and given the critical role of language, especially spatial language, in encoding and establishing spatial relations among elements in the environment, the present study investigated the joint contribution of perceptual analogical reasoning and spatial language in map reading. The study was conducted with 56 typically developing 4- to 6-year-old children, and the results indicated that perceptual abstract reasoning affected map reading through the mediating effect of spatial language. These findings yielded theoretical and practical implications regarding the role of perceptual abstract reasoning and spatial language in shaping map-reading abilities in the early stages of life, highlighting that domain-specific language competencies are necessary to improve the encoding of spatial relations, to establish object correspondences, and to ensure successful navigation. Limitations and future research directions were discussed.

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48

Lekeas, Paraskevas V. "Observing Spatial and Temporal Metadata in Hostnames." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 03, no. 01 (March 2004): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649204000687.

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In this work we present some evidence showing that spatial and temporal metadata can be mined from hostnames. Hostnames map to IPs, and a set of IP addresses relative to a specific geographic region forms an IP map. If we choose a geographic region and obtain its IP map we can study the hostname representation of the map and mine spatial and temporal information that refer to the entities that use these hostnames (metadata). In this work we choose United Kingdom to be a region of interest and we take a random sample of its IP map. Using the hostname representation of this sample we compute the spatial distribution of the infrastructure of a British ISP and a snapshot of its Internet traffic. We also compute the rate of growth of another British ISP by introducing time in hostname's representation with the help of a partial order. At last we conclude that the above spatial and temporal information can serve as an independent source for the evaluation of these companies.

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49

Fleischer, S. J., P. E. Blom, and R. Weisz. "Sampling in Precision IPM: When the Objective Is a Map." Phytopathology® 89, no. 11 (November 1999): 1112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1999.89.11.1112.

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Measuring and understanding spatial variation of pests is a fundamental component of population dynamics. The resulting maps can drive spatially variable pest management, which we define as precision integrated pest management (IPM). Precision IPM has the potential to reduce insecticide use and slow the rate of resistance development because of the creation of temporally dynamic refuges. This approach to IPM requires sampling in which the objective is to measure spatial variation and map pest density or pressure. Interpolation of spatially referenced data is reviewed, and the influence of sampling design is suggested to be critical to the mapped visualization. Spatial sampling created problems with poor precision and small sample sizes that were partially alleviated with choosing sampling units based on their geostatistical properties, adopting global positioning system technology, and mapping local means. Mapping the probability of exceeding a threshold with indicator kriging is discussed as a decision-making tool for precision IPM. The different types of sampling patterns to deploy are discussed relative to the pest mapping objective.

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50

LIU, SHUTANG, FUYAN SUN, and JIE SUN. "UNIFORMITY AND SPATIAL CHAOS OF SPATIAL PHYSICS KINEMATIC SYSTEM." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 28 (November 10, 2010): 5495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210056918.

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This article summarizes the uniformity law of spatial physics kinematic systems, and studies the chaos and bifurcation behavior of the uniform system in space. In particular, it also fully explains the relation among the uniform system, the coupled map lattice model which has attracted considerable interest currently, and one-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems.

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