Дисертації з теми "Southern Climate"
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Tirivarombo, Sithabile. "Climate variability and climate change in water resources management of the Zambezi River basin." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002955.
Повний текст джерелаWeidemann, Stephanie Suzanne. "Glacier response to climate variability and climate change across the Southern Andes." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22954.
Повний текст джерелаGlacier mass loss of the Southern Andes contributes largely to sea-level rise during recent decades and also affects the regional water availability. Despite the overall glacier retreat of most glaciers in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, a recent increase in mass loss of individual glaciers has been observed. The recent variability of climate and climatic mass balance for selected glaciated study sites in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego are investigated in this thesis. Improving our understanding on the spatial and temporal variations of climatic mass balance processes, its atmospheric drivers, and their impact on the recently observed individual glacier behavior are further important aims. Since climate variability is the key driver of local changes in the cryosphere in the Southern Andes, a unique record of meteorological observations across the Gran Campo Nevado Ice Cap in Southernmost Patagonia was analyzed with regard to main climate features and the relationship between the in-situ observations, large-scale climate modes and mesoscale weather patterns. Furthermore, recent climatic mass balance variability was simulated for selected glaciers in Southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego by implementing the ’COupled Snow and Ice energy and MAss balance model’ COSIMA. Contrasting patterns of positive simulated annual climatic mass balance and clearly negative geodetic mass balance were found for two neighboring glaciers of the Southern Patagonia Icefield between 2000 and 2014. This highlights the importance of understanding of both, the climatic mass balance, and the ice-dynamical processes. Climatic mass balance simulations were further used to derive glacier steady-state conditions for recent and past glacier extents of Schiaparelli Glacier, aiming for a model-based approximation of climate conditions during the Little Ice Age.
Chevalier, Manuel. "Quantified Reconstructions of late Quaternary southern African Climate Change." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS281.
Повний текст джерелаSouthern African drylands are not suited for the application of climate reconstruction methods based on surface samples. Methods based on the co-existence approach, while still in their early days, are really promising, particularly those using probability density functions (pdfs) that have proven particularly valuable in certain cases as they can be applied to a wide range of plants assemblages. Most commonly applied to fossil pollen data, their performance can be limited by the taxonomic resolution of the pollen data, as many species may belong to a given pollen-type. Consequently, climate information associated with a taxon cannot always be precisely identified, resulting in less accurate reconstructions. This can become particularly problematic in regions of high biodiversity, such as southern African botanical hotspots. The first part of this PhD thesis presents the development of a novel pdf-based climate reconstruction method adapted to the southern African context. The method, which comes along with a dedicated software pack- age entitled CREST, sorts out this diversity issue by taking into account the different climatic requirements of each species constituting the broader pollen-type: pdfs are fitted in two successive steps, with parametric univariate pdfs fitted first for each species (pdfsp) followed by a combination of those individual species pdfs into a broader single pdf to represent the pollen-type as a unit (pdfpol). The curve resulting from the multiplication of the pdfpol describes the likelihood of different climate parameters based on the co-existence of a given set of taxa, each being weighted according to its normalized pollen percentage. Three majors properties were derived from this continental-scale statistical analysis: 1) the method saturates when the number of species composing a pollen type becomes larger than 30-40 species, 2) the per- formance decreases with distance to the core of the climatic space and 3) climate variables that have a direct impact of plant life cycles are better reconstructed.We revisited 13 pollen sequences (selection based on their length, continuity, chronology and pollen diversity) from southern African literature with the CREST method. To offset the limited individual potential of those sequences, we developed a Monte-Carlo framework to create interpolated curves integrating uncertainties associated with the reconstructions and age-depth models and then stack those curves together to extract regionally consistent patterns. This reanalysis allows for the quantified reconstruction of a range of distinct climatic variables from this critical region, and provides significant insight into the nature of long-term climate change. Temperature reconstructions show strong coherency among all sites considered, and parallel southwest Indian Ocean SSTs. Reconstructions of the amount of summer precipitation since mid-MIS 3 (Marine Isotope Stage 3) 45,000 years ago indicate a dichotomy in the precipitation pattern between interior and northeastern South African sites. At the glacial-interglacial timescale, precipitation in northeastern sites shows strong similarities with the Indian Ocean SST records as well as with records from the large East African lakes. Entering the Holocene, precessional forcing becomes more important and a north/south rainfall dipole appears, with a demarcation line located somewhere between Lakes Tanganyika and Malawi (3-9°S). Sites from the interior, while clearly following a similar dynamic, also appear to be sensitive to additional factors, including the position of the southern Westerlies, which may interact with tropical systems to create tropical-temperate troughs. Our results shed light on the complexity of the mechanisms driving South African rainfall, and clarify several key elements of the current debate, including limitations of models relying on direct insolation forcing to explain long-term climate dynamics
Weidemann, Stephanie Suzanne [Verfasser]. "Glacier response to climate variability and climate change across the Southern Andes / Stephanie Suzanne Weidemann." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236570367/34.
Повний текст джерелаPinto, Izidine S. de Sousa. "Future changes in extreme rainfall events and circulation patterns over southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16781.
Повний текст джерелаChanges in precipitation extremes are projected by many global climate models as a response to greenhouse gas increases, and such changes will have significant environmental and social impacts. These impacts are a function of exposure and vulnerability. Hence there is critical need to understand the nature of weather and climate extremes. Results from an ensemble of regional climate models from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) project are used to investigate projected changes in extreme precipitation characteristics over southern Africa for the middle (2036-2065) and late century (2069-2098) under the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) and 8.5 (RCP8.5). Two approaches are followed to identify and analyze extreme precipitation events. First, indices for extreme events, which capture moderate extreme events, are calculated on the basis of model data and are compared with indices from two observational gridded datasets at annual basis. The second approach is based on extreme value theory. Here, the Generalized Extreme Value distribution (GEV) is fitted to annual maxima precipitation by a L-moments method. The 20-year return values are analyzed for present and future climate conditions. The physical drivers of the projected change are evaluated by examining the models ability to simulate circulation patterns over the regions with the aid of Self-Organizing Maps (SOM).
Lawal, Kamoru Abiodun. "Understanding the variability and predictability of seasonal climates over West and Southern Africa using climate models." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16556.
Повний текст джерелаA good understanding of seasonal climate and the limit to which it can be predicted is crucial in addressing various socio-economic challenges in Africa. However, how to improve the capability of the dynamical models of the climate system in reproducing the regional seasonal climate variability and in replicating the role of various atmospheric circulation anomalies on the regional variability remains a major challenge. Thus far, understanding of seasonal climate over these regions, as well as the ability of climate models to predict them, has focused on the agreement of simulations of dynamical models of the climate system, rather than considering outliers as potentially vital contributors to understanding and predictability. This thesis uses discrepancy in a large ensemble of climate simulations as a tool to investigate variability in dominant seasonal rainfall and temperature patterns (i.e. classes) over West and Southern Africa, to examine the capability of climate models in reproducing the variability, and to study the predictability of the seasonal climates over South Africa. The dominant classes of variability (of rainfall and maximum temperature fields) in both regions are examined based on the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) classifications. The sequences in which each class occurs cannot be linked simply to a single common index of global scale atmospheric circulation anomalies, implying that the chaotic regional atmospheric circulations that modulate the global scale modes of variability are indispensable. The climate model examined adequately reproduces the dominant classes of seasonal climate over West and Southern Africa.
O'Brien, Eileen M. "Climate and woody plant species richness : analyses based upon southern Africa's native flora with extrapolations to subsaharan Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670313.
Повний текст джерелаFerrett, Samantha Joanne. "El Nino Southern Oscillation stability under global warming." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/19362.
Повний текст джерелаBrandt, Richard Raymond. "The North American Monsoon System in Southern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195113.
Повний текст джерелаKay, Gillian. "Mechanisms of southern African rainfall variability in coupled climate models." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496573.
Повний текст джерелаRichardson, Glen. "Climate response to fresh water forcing in the Southern Ocean." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432442.
Повний текст джерелаQuagraine, Kwesi Akumenyi. "Dynamics of co-behaviour of climate processes over Southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33916.
Повний текст джерелаMaúre, Genito Amós. "Effects of biomass-burning aerosol loading on Southern African climate." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4778.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references.
This study highlights the importance of including all biomass burning emissions, from the aerosols directly released from fires to the precursor gases, as different radiative forcings will be obtained from different chemical species, and, therefore, different circulation patterns are likely to be induced over all seasons, regardless of how large the emissions loading and/or concentrations are.
Shannon, Debbie Anne. "Land surface response to climate change forcing over Southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5286.
Повний текст джерелаMulenga, Henry Mubanga. "Southern African climate anomalies, summer rainfall and the Angola low." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19649.
Повний текст джерелаAnomalous climatic conditions have contributed to poverty, wlnerability and unemployment, which are major concerns of many southern African governments. Western countries continue to give food aid during drought periods and are looking for new and effective ways of supporting national food security plans (Walker, 1989a). Food security is a very difficult problem in Africa. A number of agricultural national programs have been planned to alleviate the problem but crop yields and living standards continue to deteriorate in many African countries. Unfavorable macro-economic conditions, debt repayments, civil war, political instabilities and mismanagement of resources make the situation more complex. It may be considered that anomalous climatic events (droughts or floods) are important factors, which contribute to acute food shortage. Seasonal rainfall forecasts are an important management tool for donor countries as well as local farmers. The failure to utilize forecasts based on sound scientific knowledge would negate attempts at achieving food security (W orId Meteorological Organization, 1996). It is for this reason that rainfall is an important input parameter in attaining self-sufficiency in food. Rainfall varies in space and time over southern Africa (preston-Whyte and Tyson, 1988; Walker 1989b; Mason, 1992; Rocha, 1992; Makarau, 1995). Further investigations of year-to-year variability of southern African summer rainfall are required in order to understand mechanisms and make accurate seasonal forecasts. Therefore, research work in climate should have high priority in African countries. The need to understand and predict the interannual variations of the atmosphere and the oceans has resulted in formation of global programs like the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) and World Climate Research Program (Climate Variability and Predictability, CLIVAR, 1995 and 1998). 2 Determination of the dynamics of droughts and floods continues to be a major problem. Correct prediction of extreme events such as droughts, floods, cold and warm spells involves knowing the mechanisms as well as the local and remote forcings. Several mechanisms have been suggested but more empirical research is required to understand and predict climate variability of southern African on intra-seasonal and inter-annual time scales. This study focuses on inter-annual and intra-seasonal variability of southern African climate with the view of identifying climatic regional and local features that influence summer rainfall and its fluctuations over southern Africa as whole. In order to achieve this, determination and refining of rainfall-SST anomaly relationships is carried out. Teleconnection patterns and coherent structure of interannual variability are revealed. Atmospheric mean meteorological features over Southern Africa and adjacent oceans have direct impact on summer rainfall. Thus determination of mean features using up-graded new and longer data sets provides a basis for investigating inter-annual and intraseasonal variability. This study presents mean characteristics of peak summer (December, January and February) based on 14 years ECMWF gridded data set. This study is motivated by a desire to understand climatic controls of interannual summer rainfall variability over southern African. The intensity of summer rainfall is modulated on synoptic, intra-seasonal, interannual and decadal time scales.
de, Lavaissiere de Lavergne Casimir. "Cessation of southern ocean deep convection under anthropogenic climate change." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119766.
Повний текст джерелаEn 1974, des observations satellite nouvellement disponibles révélèrent la présence d'une géante surface d'eau libre au sein de la glace de mer entourant l'Antarctique, qui persista tout au long de l'hiver et réapparut les deux hivers suivants. Les recherches qui suivirent montrèrent que les eaux étaient maintenues libres de glace par la convection profonde, permettant à une grande quantité de chaleur de remonter des profondeurs pour être ensuite libérée dans l'atmosphère. Si la polynya continue de susciter l'intérêt des climatologues, elle n'est cependant pas réapparue depuis 1976. Nous utilisons ici des expériences de modélisation pour montrer que la convection profonde dans l'Océan Austral, commune dans les modèles de climat actuels, est fortement sensible au forçage anthropique, et cesse dans beaucoup de modèles quand ceux-ci sont forcés par un scénario de fortes émissions. Le ralentissement de la ventilation profonde résulte de la baisse progressive de la salinité des eaux de surface, une tendance corroborée par les observations des dernières décennies. Nos résultats suggèrent que la convection profonde dans l'Océan Austral sera moins fréquente dans le futur, et a peut-être déjà été significativement affaiblie relativement à la période préindustrielle, avec d'importantes conséquences pour la circulation océanique et le climat.
Haight, Jeffrey D. "Landscape Planning for Climate Change Resilience in the Southern Rockies." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7289.
Повний текст джерелаClark, Logan N. "Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586778291377432.
Повний текст джерелаUmmenhofer, Caroline C. Mathematics & Statistics Faculty of Science UNSW. "Southern hemisphere regional precipitation and climate variability : extrems trends and prdictability." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Mathematics & Statistics, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41253.
Повний текст джерелаConnolly, Charlotte J. "Causes of Southern Hemisphere climate variability in the early 20th century." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1587217042363834.
Повний текст джерелаShockey, Melissa Dawn. "Incorporating Climate Sensitivity for Southern Pine Species into the Forest Vegetation Simulator." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/22031.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Kgatuke, Mary-Jane Morongwa. "Internal variability of the regional climate model RegCM3 over Southern Africa." Diss., Pretoria [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08132007-091356.
Повний текст джерелаClarke, Ian Peter. "Recruitment dynamics in a southern calcareous grassland : effects of climate change." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300964.
Повний текст джерелаGraham, Robert M. "The role of Southern Ocean fronts in the global climate system." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-108736.
Повний текст джерелаAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Submitted.
Edwards, Robin James. "Late Holocene relative sea level change and climate in southern Britain." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1056/.
Повний текст джерелаMacKellar, Neil Campbell. "Simulating the effects of land-surface change on southern Africa's climate." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4779.
Повний текст джерелаBerkun, Ugur. "Wind And Swell Wave Climate For The Southern Part Of Black Sea." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608139/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаrkiye. For this purpose wind and swell wave data for a 65 months period is obtained from ECMWF for the analysis. And the data are analyzed for thirteen locations selected along the Turkish coast. For every location the wind and swell wave roses, significant swell wave height versus Mean period of primary swell relations, extreme probability distribution and log-linear cumulative probability distribution are presented. Also some extreme swell events in the Black Sea occurred in the data period are presented for a better understanding of generation and propagation of swell waves. The results showed that the swell wave activity and severity is higher in the western Black Sea coastline of Tü
rkiye. The investigation of extreme swell events provided that the swell waves occur and diminish in a relatively short duration and the data available from ECMWF which is provided for 12 hour intervals is not sensitive to time enough for the investigation of swell wave occurrence and propagation. The significant swell wave height versus Mean period of primary swell relations and analysis on period of swell waves showed that the swell wave periods could reach up to 11 seconds in the Northern shores of Tü
rkiye.
Antonsson, Karin. "Holocene Climate in Central and Southern Sweden : Quantitative Reconstructions from Fossil Data." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6805.
Повний текст джерелаIn quantitative palaeoecology modern species-environmental relationships can be statistically modelled, and recent development has made the calibration models more statistically robust. These models are used to transform fossil assemblages to quantitative estimates of past environmental conditions. The aim of this thesis is to infer Holocene temperatures from fossil pollen data sampled from lakes in central and southern Sweden. This reconstruction is done by using a north-European pollen-climate calibration model, which was extended with 37 modern pollen samples from the southern deciduous vegetation zone in Sweden within this project. A statistical method is used for deriving the pollen-climate calibration model, weighted averaging partial least square (WA-PLS) method. The long term trends in pollen inferred temperatures from this study reflect low, but rapidly rising temperatures in the early-Holocene, a trend that was temporarily interrupted by a cool period about 8500 cal yr BP, but continued after 8000 cal yr BP. A Holocene thermal maximum (HTM) with temperatures roughly 2°C higher than at present was recorded about 7000 cal yr BP and by 4000 cal yr BP pollen inferred temperatures starts to decline. In order to create a more comprehensive picture of past climate patterns in the investigated area inferred temperatures from this study are compared with independent palaeorecords, a stable oxygen isotope record for moisture variability (paper I) and chironomids for summer temperature (paper II). Taken all together, these records reflect a coherent Holocene climate pattern which also is supported by several studies from Scandinavia and the north Atlantic region. Pollen inferred temperatures and the moisture record are indicating markedly dry, continental climate conditions in southern Sweden during the HTM possibly as a result of reorganisations in regional atmosphere circulations. The local observations in this study of regional climate events, such as the cold period at about 8200 cal yr BP and the dry period at about 7000 to 4000 cal yr BP are of particular interest because they suggest that vegetation in the study region has responded sensitively both to long-term climatic trends and more transient climate events.
Fransner, Oscar. "Sediment variations in the Kuchi Lake, southern Taiwan: : Climate signal or tectonics?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-62193.
Повний текст джерелаWaters, Darren Clifford William. "Impact of climate change on urban stormwater infrastructure, southern Ontario case studies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59408.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKim, Hey-Jin. "Climate impacts on the planktonic marine ecosystem in the Southern California current." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3307584.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed July 18, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Sirabaha, Hj Sidup Hj. "The influence of El Niño southern oscillation on climate in southeast Asia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405704.
Повний текст джерелаDaniels, Benjamin. "Effects of Climate Nonstationarity on Low-Flow Models for Southern New England." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:103565.
Повний текст джерелаIncreasing attention has been drawn to the need for reliable streamflow estimates at ungaged locations under a range of climatic and hydrologic conditions. Climate projections for the northeastern United States over the 21st century--which include significant increases in temperature and precipitation--could have broad impacts on streamflows, potentially reducing the accuracies of existing streamflow models for the region. This thesis investigates recent changes in daily flow-durations in southern New England, and examines their influence on the reliability of the low-flow models for Massachusetts presented by Ries and Friesz (2000). An analysis of discharge data collected at gaging sites through water year 2012 revealed increases in nearly all flow durations at sites across southern New England since the mid-20th century, whereas very low flows (quantiles at or above the 95-percent exceedance probability) generally showed decreases, especially since the 1990s. Twenty-year moving streamflow quantiles at each of ten selected exceedance probabilities were examined for the periods of record of 16 streamflow-gaging stations in southern New England. The beginning of water year 1992 appeared to mark an inflection point in low-flow quantiles, before which very low flows were steady or increasing, and after which these flows showed near-universal decreases. While the observed peak in 20-year low-flow quantiles around 1992 may be due to the statistical method used to calculate the quantile trends, the inflection point could also be an indicator of when increasing evapotranspiration surpassed increasing precipitation as the principal climatic driver of changes in low flows in southern New England. The general upward translation of the flow-duration curve observed over the last 60 years is very likely linked to increases in annual precipitation during this period, while the decreases in very low flows are likely due to changes in climatic variables (increasing summer temperatures and evapotranspiration rates), and amplified by anthropogenic factors (greater areas of impervious surfaces and increasing rates of surface- and ground-water withdrawal). The data suggest that increasing precipitation rates have already caused the Ries and Friesz (2000) equations for the median low flows (Q50 to Q75) to become biased towards underestimation, and decreases in very low flows threaten to render the models for these flows biased towards overestimation in the coming decades. The streamflow quantile trends (for both the entire period of record of the gaging stations and just the post-1992 period) for each of the ten flow-durations of interest were extended into the future to the point where the corresponding Ries and Friesz (2000) model would fail (when actual flow durations would be outside the 90-percent prediction intervals for the estimated flows for greater than 10% of sites). The models for the lowest streamflows are estimated to lose validity by as early as 2018. Climate change is predicted to have significant effects on streamflow characteristics in southern New England over the 21st century, and the results of this study indicate that the Ries and Freisz (2000) low-flow models should be reformulated using more recent streamflow data within the next decade, and validated every 20 years thereafter to ensure their accuracies are maintained despite the effects of regional nonstationarity
Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2014
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Earth and Environmental Sciences
Mdoka, Marshall Lison. "The role of soil moisture on summer climate simulations over southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20344.
Повний текст джерелаHaworth, Katherine. "Incorporating Climate Change in Southern African Social Policy: A Malawian Case Study." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32721.
Повний текст джерелаBream, Sally. "Unveiling climate change at Pevensey Levels : a photographic documentation of a landscape in the temperate climate of Southern England." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/65404/.
Повний текст джерелаBrown, Kendrick Jonathan. "Late quaternary vegetation, climate, fire history, and GIS mapping of Holocene climates on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ52755.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVan, de Ven Tanja M. F. N. "Implications of climate change on the reproductive success of the Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill, Tockus leucomelas." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27552.
Повний текст джерелаJones, Megan E. "Sixty Years of Widespread Warming in the Southern Mid- and High-Latitudes (1957-2016)." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1525542816174135.
Повний текст джерелаCaban, Seckin. "Wind And Wind Wave Climate Research Along The Southern Part Of Black Sea." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608590/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаrkiye. For this purpose wind and wind wave data for every 65 months is obtained from ECMWF for and analyzed for 12 locations situated along Black Sea coast of Turkey. For every location the wind [Berkü
n,2007] and wind wave roses, significant wind wave height vs. Mean wave period relations, extreme probability distribution and log-linear cumulative probability distribution are presented. Also a comparison with previous studies is given for better understanding the wind and wave climate better.
Aboagye, Dickson Danso. "Impacts of climate change on food security in southern Ghana : a community perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020166.
Повний текст джерелаPurich, Ariaan. "Investigating the influence of stratospheric ozone trends on Southern Hemisphere hydrological climate change." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104826.
Повний текст джерелаLes changements de concentration d'ozone stratosphérique ont été déjà reliés aux changements de la circulation dans l'hémisphère sud (HS). Ce travail examine les tendances dans la précipitation et l'évaporation pendant les 20ième et 21ième siècles, dans des simulations produites par des modèles climatique couplés qui participent au Climate Model Intercomparison Project 3 (CMIP3). Le but est de déterminer si l'ozone stratosphérique influence le cycle hydrologique et la précipitation extrême aux latitudes extra-tropicales de l'HS, pendant l'été austral en particulier. Dix-neuf modèles sont utilisés, où 10 d'entre eux incorporent l'épuisement (le rétablissement) d'ozone au 20ième (21ième) siècle et les neuf autres prescrivent simplement l'ozone climatologique (du 20ième siècle) pendant le passé et le futur. Les tendances des moyennes saisonnières de précipitation dominent les changements de l'évaporation moins la précipitation, alors c'est cette variable qui est examinée plus en détail. Pour le 20ième siècle, il y a une augmentation (diminution) de précipitation significative en été aux latitudes subarctique (latitudes moyennes) dans les modèles avec l'épuisement d'ozone comparé à ceux avec l'ozone climatologique. En contraste, pour le 21ième siècle, les changements de précipitation sont considérablement plus grands dans les modèles sans le rétablissement d'ozone que dans les modèles avec le rétablissement d`ozone. Pour l'hiver austral, quand l'ozone est inactif, il n'y a pas de différences entre les deux groupes de modèles. Ces résultats suggèrent que la diminution et rétablissement d'ozone dans l'Antarctique a des implications considérables pour le changement de climat hydrologique dans l'HS hors tropique, une conclusion atteinte dans d'autres travaux. En plus, on trouve que l'ozone stratosphérique affecte principalement la fréquence des évènements de précipitation légère (1–10 mm jour^-1), ce qui indique qu'une augmentation de la précipitation moyenne correspond à une augmentation du nombre de jours de précipitation légère, plutôt que d'évènements extrêmes. Les implications de ces conclusions pour le climat à la surface ainsi que pour les changements de circulation dans l'océan de l'HS sont discutés.
Ambrosino, C. "Rainfall variability in southern Africa : drivers, climate change impacts and implications for agriculture." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1322446/.
Повний текст джерелаPagan, Brianna Rita. "Understanding the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in Southern California." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/889.
Повний текст джерелаJack, Samuel Linton. "Revisiting Aloe dichotoma’s suitability as an indictor of climate change in southern Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29163.
Повний текст джерелаRea, Gloria. "Role of the stratospheric dynamics in the southern hemisphere long-term climate change." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5946/.
Повний текст джерелаBrown, Paula, and n/a. "Trends and variability of temperature extremes in Southern New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070514.100400.
Повний текст джерелаBraby, Laura. "Dynamics, interactions and ecosystem implications of mesoscale eddies formed in the southern region of Madagascar." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9213.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral species of marine organisms occurring off the southern African coast have been found to be identical to those occurring in the Madagascan coastal water although the reason for this is unknown. It has been proposed that eddies act as a vector of transport for planktonic larvae from the Madagascar island to the southern African east coast. In this study it is shown that eddies spawned off southern Madagascar entrain chlorophyll-a rich coastal waters into their periphery. This is indicative of the mechanism whereby organisms could become entrained in eddies. Approximately one eddy per year, usually cyclonic, interacts with the southern Madagascan coast, then from its origin crosses the southern Mozambique Channel and arrives at the African coast where it dissipates. By tracking eddies and combining their trajectories with drifter data and satellite remote sensing observations of ocean colour, it is shown that chlorophyll-a rich waters are entrained within the eddies, and these waters are mostly conserved during their passage across the channel. This study suggests that biota may be transported from Madagascar to Africa in eddies, providing further evidence that eddies are potentially a viable mechanism for the transport of organisms across the southern Mozambique Channel.
Ragoasha, Moagabo Natalie. "The role of short-term atmospheric variability in shaping Lagrangian transport in the Southern Benguela." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20006.
Повний текст джерелаPlaczek, Christa. "Stratigraphy, Geochronology and Geochemistry of Paleolakes on the Southern Bolivian Altiplano." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194352.
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