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Статті в журналах з теми "Sound conduction system"
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Ehara, Fumiaki, Ryouhei Tanaka, and Kanya Tanaka. "Development of a Wi-Fi-enabled Measurement System for a Body Conduction Sound." Journal of the Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers 3, no. 4 (October 25, 2015): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/jiiae.3.174.
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Asakura, Takumi. "Bone Conduction Auditory Navigation Device for Blind People." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 8, 2021): 3356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083356.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A navigation system using a binaural bone-conducted sound is proposed. This system has three features to accurately navigate the user to the destination point. First, the selection of the bone-conduction device and the optimal contact conditions between the device and the human head are discussed. Second, the basic performance of sound localization reproduced by the selected bone-conduction device with binaural sounds is confirmed considering the head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) obtained in the air-borne sound field. Here, a panned sound technique that may emphasize the localization of the sound is also validated. Third, to ensure the safety of the navigating person, which is the most important factor in the navigation of a visually impaired person by voice guidance, an appropriate warning sound reproduced by the bone-conduction device is investigated. Finally, based on the abovementioned conditions, we conduct an auditory navigation experiment using bone-conducted guide announcement. The time required to reach the destination of the navigation route is shorter in the case with voice information including the binaural sound reproduction, as compared to the case with only voice information. Therefore, a navigation system using binaural bone-conducted sound is confirmed to be effective.
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Georgescu, Madalina, V. Budu, Daniela Vrinceanu, and Magdalena Cernea. "BONEBRIDGE – ACTIVE BONE CONDUCTION HEARING AID." Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sbeef-2017-0020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract For individuals with conductive or mixed hearing loss, a bone conduction system can be a very effective treatment option. These systems bypass the outer and middle ear to send sound vibrations directly to the cochlea. This offers a natural sound quality for recipients. BONEBRIDGE is the first active, intact skin hearing implant for bone conduction stimulation, ideal for moderate to severe conduction hearing losses. It is a semi-implantable system, consisting of a surgical implantable part and an externally worn audio processor. Biomaterials used proved their safety, with very low rate of medical complications (skin infections, chronic suppurative otitis media, biofilm formation or extrusion).
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Fumiaki, Ehara, Tsuruda Toshiaki, and Kanya Tanaka. "Development of a Heart Rate Measurement Method Using Body Conduction Sound Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 103 (September 2011): 616–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.616.
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A measurement method of heart rate is suggested, that is able to calculate a heart rate from a heartbeat sound which is measured by a body conduction sound sensor. The heart rate is obtained to calculate the autocorrelation of the sound. The effectiveness of this method is supported by comparison of values measured by a blood pressure monitor and a body conduction sound sensor. When we make a measurement system using a microcomputer, it could not measure heartbeat sounds at a high frequency because of performance of the hardware. In case of lower sampling frequency is checked and, it is shown that the correct heart rates are measured in the case of a sampling frequency is hundreds of hertz in the method.
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TERADA, Satoshi, Shigeru WESUGI, and Yoshiyuki MIWA. "5320 Development of Body Sound Measurement System by Flesh Conduction." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2006.4 (2006): 329–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2006.4.0_329.
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Bosman, Arjan J., Ad F. M. Snik, Myrthe K. S. Hol, and Emmanuel A. M. Mylanus. "Evaluation of a New Powerful Bone-Anchored Hearing System: A Comparison Study." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 24, no. 06 (June 2013): 505–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.24.6.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: The recent introduction of digital hearing aid technology for bone-conduction devices employing percutaneous stimulation may be beneficial for patients with conductive and mixed hearing loss and single sided deafness. Purpose: Performance of a recently released sound processor for bone-anchored implants, the Ponto Pro Power from Oticon Medical (bone-conduction device 2 [BCD2]), was compared with that of the Baha Intenso from Cochlear (bone-conduction device 1 [BCD1]). Research Design: Direct comparison of the subject's own device (BCD1) with the new device (BCD2) was examined in a nonrandomized design. Subjects were initially tested with BCD1. BCD2 was tested after a 4 wk acclimatization period. Study Sample: Eighteen subjects with mixed hearing loss and with at least 4 mo experience with BCD1 completed the study. Mean air-conduction and bone-conduction thresholds averaged across the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz were 73.9 and 34.2 dB HL, respectively. Data Collection and Analysis: Performance of the two devices was evaluated objectively by measuring aided free-field thresholds, speech perception in quiet, and speech perception in noise. A subjective evaluation was carried out with the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) (Cox and Alexander, 1995) and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) questionnaire (Gatehouse and Noble, 2004). In addition, user experiences, user satisfaction, and device preference were obtained via proprietary questionnaires. Statistical significance was established with analysis-of-variance (ANOVA) and paired t-statistics with Bonferroni correction. Results: Aided free-field thresholds and speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in quiet were not statistically significantly different for either device (p > 0.05). In contrast, SRTs in noise were 2.0 dB lower (p < 0.001) for BCD2 than for BCD1. APHAB questionnaire scores on all subscales provided statistically significantly greater benefit (p < 0.05) for BCD2 than for BCD1. Also, with the SSQ most items in the speech and sound quality domain were significantly more favorable (p < 0.05) for BCD2 than for BCD1. Finally, all subjects preferred BCD2 over BCD1 with 14 subjects reporting a strong preference and four subjects an average preference for the digital signal processing provided by BCD2 over previous technology provided by BCD1.
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Cameron, C. B., and G. O. Mackie. "Conduction pathways in the nervous system of Saccoglossus sp. (Enteropneusta)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A species of Saccoglossus from Barkley Sound, British Columbia, was observed in the field and found to exhibit a startle withdrawal response. Optical and electron microscopy of the nerve cords failed to reveal giant axons. The dorsal collar cord and ventral trunk cord consist of small axons with a mean diameter of 0.4 μm. The majority of the axons run longitudinally and there is no indication of a specialized integrative centre. Electrical recordings from the nerve cords show events interpreted as compound action potentials. The potentials are through-conducted from proboscis to trunk. Such propagated events probably mediate startle withdrawal. Conduction velocities did not exceed 40 cm∙s−1 in any part of the nervous system.
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Jonghoon, Jeon, Jonghoon Jeon, Kyunglae Gu, and Junhong Park. "Study for the interaction between the medium in the middle ear and vibro-acoustic transmission." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 5538–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-3138.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study presented a quantitative evaluation index related to sound response for diagnosis of middle ear condition. The signal transmission paths for human perception of sound are divided into bone conduction and air conduction, respectively, depending on the path through which vibration and sound are transmitted. The components of auditory system that can affect the sound signal variability include temporal bone, ear canal, eardrum, and middle ear cavity. The specific acoustic impedances were obtained through simple geometric model of the auditory components, and the sound transmission mechanism was implemented through the outer-middle ear circuit model. The frequency range corresponding to the resonance characteristics of each components were calculated. The response difference for the medium of middle ear was confirmed by deriving frequency response function between the input sound and the output sound in the frequency domain through the transfer function method. The reliability of the algorithm was confirmed through the ROC curve, and individual evaluation indexes were derived according to the priority factor between classification accuracy and error rate.
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RACKE, REINHARD, and YA-GUANG WANG. "NONLINEAR WELL-POSEDNESS AND RATES OF DECAY IN THERMOELASTICITY WITH SECOND SOUND." Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 05, no. 01 (March 2008): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021989160800143x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Cauchy problem in nonlinear thermoelasticity with second sound in one space dimension is considered. Due to Cattaneo's law, replacing Fourier's law for heat conduction, the system is hyperbolic. The local well-posedness as a strictly hyperbolic system is investigated first, and then the relation between energy estimates for non-symmetric hyperbolic systems and well-posedness are discussed. For the global small solution, the long time behavior is described and the decay rates of the L2-norm are obtained.
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Veselý, Miroslav, Břetislav Gál, Jiří Hložek, František Silný, and Jan Hanák. "Bonebridge – an active direct bone conduction hearing device in rehabilitation of single sided deafness Czech version." Otorinolaryngologie a foniatrie 70, no. 2 (May 20, 2021): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccorl202165.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Overview Introduction: Bonebridge is a direct bone conduction hearing implantable system. The aim of the work is to present pilot results of rehabilitation of single sided deafness using this system. Material and methods: Analysis of three patients with single-sideded deafness, who underwent BB implantation in 2018 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of St. Anna Hospital in Brno. Evaluation parameters: Bern Benefi t in Single-Sided Deafness Questionnaire, experimental examination of directional hearing and hearing in noise test. Results: Questionnaire: Within the visual analog scale in the range of –5 to +5 points, the average rating was + 2.4 points, so listening was rated as easier with Bonebridge than without hearing aids. The ability to locate the sound source was evaluated by 4 and 0–1 points in one and two respondents, respectively. Examination of spatial hearing: without hearing aid, the ability to locate the sound source was signifi cantly impaired in all the examined. With Bonebridge, with a tolerated deviation of 45°, the success rate of sound source localization was 75–100% in the range of 0–360° in the horizontal plane. Hearing in noise test: the greatest improvement in intelligibility (by 30–100%) was achieved with Bonebridge at SNR –5 dB. Conclusion: Bonebridge is not able to restore binaural hearing in patients with single sided deafness, it is a pseudo-binaural correction. Like other implantable bone conduction systems, Bonebridge is benefi tial for patients with single sided deafness in a variety of listening situations. Using experimental audiological tests, the contribution of Bonebridge to understanding sentences in acoustic noise and improving the ability to locate the sound source was found. However, validation of the results would require a larger number of probands. Keywords: single-sided deafness – BAHD – Bonebridge – bone conduction hearing implant – hearing in noise – directional hearing test
Дисертації з теми "Sound conduction system"
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Лозінський, Владислав Валентинович. "Моделювання звукопровідної системи середнього вуха людини в Comsol". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/33851.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Дослідження слухових властивостей слухової системи людини є актуальною проблемою сьогодення, адже здоровий слух це запорука нормального життя. Серед об’єктивних методів, таких як імпендасометрія, дослідження проводять з застосуванням пневмосистеми, що робить неможливим проведення процедури для немовлят.
Саме тому запропоновано дослідження на основі ехо-спектрометру, який є вдосконаленим об’єктивного методу без використання пневмосистеми та з простою процедурою вимірювань і обробки для розширення вікової групи та покращенням точності результатів.
При наявності великого спектру можливостей для діагностики слуху, майже нічого не відомо про акустичні характеристики звукопровідної системи людини, вже десятки років вчені займаються вивченням середнього вуха. Також широке застосування набуло використання протезів для реконструкції вуха при пошкодженнях його органів слуху. Проте сказати наскільки ці методи ефективні важко.
Тому ця робота присвячена моделюванню звукопровідної системи, замінника, порівнянням цих моделей та оцінці ефективності запропонованого методу діагностики слуху. Основною задачею є отримання коефіцієнту проходження, який дасть змогу відповісти на питання як саме себе поводить звукопровідна система та наскільки протези є ефективними для реконструкції слуху.The study of the auditory properties of the human auditory system is an urgent problem today, because healthy hearing is the key to a normal life. Among the objective methods, such as impedancemetry, research is performed using a pneumatic system, which makes it impossible to perform the procedure for infants. That is why the study is based on an echo spectrometer, which is an improved objective method without the use of a pneumatic system and with a simple measurement and processing procedure to expand the age group and improve the accuracy of the results. With a wide range of opportunities for the diagnosis of hearing, almost nothing is known about the acoustic characteristics of the human sound system, for decades, scientists have been studying the middle ear. The use of prostheses for the reconstruction of the ear in case of damage to its hearing organs has also become widely used. However, it is difficult to say how effective these methods are. Therefore, this work is devoted to modeling the sound conduction system, substitute, comparing these models and evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed method of hearing diagnosis. The main task is to obtain the transmittance, which will answer the question of how the sound system behaves and how effective prostheses are for the reconstruction of hearing.
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Stanley, Raymond M. "Measurement and validation of bone-conduction adjustment functions in virtual 3D audio displays." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29754.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph.D)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Walker, Bruce N.; Committee Member: Corballis, Paul M.; Committee Member: Corso, Gregory M.; Committee Member: Folds, Dennis J.; Committee Member: Houtsma, Adrianus J. M. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Li, Qi. "Acoustic noise emitted from overhead line conductors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/acoustic-noise-emitted-from-overhead-line-conductors(90a5c23c-a7fc-4230-bbab-16b8737b2af2).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The developments of new types of conductors and increase of voltage level have driven the need to carry out research on evaluating overhead line acoustic noise. The surface potential gradient of a conductor is a critical design parameter for planning overhead lines, as it determines the level of corona loss (CL), radio interference (RI), and audible noise (AN). The majority of existing models for surface gradient calculation are based on analytical methods which restrict their application in simulating complex surface geometries. This thesis proposes a novel method which utilizes both analytical and numerical procedures to predict the surface gradient. Stranding shape, proximity of tower, protrusions and bundle arrangements are considered within this model. One of UK National Grid's transmission line configurations has been selected as an example to compare the results for different methods. The different stranding shapes are a key variable in determining dry surface fields. The dynamic behaviour of water droplets subject to AC electric fields is investigated by experiment and finite element modelling. The motion of a water droplet is considered on the surface of a metallic sphere. To understand the consequences of vibration, the FEA model is introduced to study the dynamics of a single droplet in terms of phase shift between vibration and exciting voltage. Moreover, the evolution of electric field within the whole cycle of vibration is investigated. The profile of the electric field and the characteristics of mechanical vibration are evaluated. Surprisingly the phase shift between these characteristics results in the maximum field occurring when the droplet is in a flattened profile rather than when it is ‘pointed’.Research work on audible noise emitted from overhead line conductors is reviewed, and a unique experimental set up employing a semi-anechoic chamber and corona cage is described. Acoustically, this facility isolates undesirable background noise and provides a free-field test space inside the anechoic chamber. Electrically, the corona cage simulates a 3 m section of 400 kV overhead line conductors by achieving the equivalent surface gradient. UV imaging, acoustic measurements and a partial discharge detection system are employed as instrumentation. The acoustic and electrical performance is demonstrated through a series of experiments. Results are discussed, and the mechanisms for acoustic noise are considered. A strategy for evaluating the noise emission level for overhead line conductors is developed. Comments are made on predicting acoustic noise from overhead lines. The technical achievements of this thesis are summarized in three aspects. First of all, an FEA model is developed to calculate the surface electric field for overhead line conductors and this has been demonstrated as an efficient tool for power utilities in computing surface electric field especially for dry condition. The second achievement is the droplet vibration study which describes the droplets' behaviour under rain conditions, such as the phase shift between the voltage and the vibration magnitude, the ejection phenomena and the electric field enhancement due to the shape change of droplets. The third contribution is the development of a standardized procedure in assessing noise emission level and the characteristics of noise emissions for various types of existing conductors in National Grid.
Частини книг з теми "Sound conduction system"
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Popov, Vladimir V., Alexander Ya Supin, and Vladimir O. Klishin. "Electrophysiological Study of Sound Conduction in Dolphins." In Marine Mammal Sensory Systems, 269–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3406-8_18.
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Kobayashi, Hill Hiroki. "Live Sound System with Social Media for Remotely Conducting Wildlife Monitoring." In Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions, 450–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39862-4_41.
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Ikuta, Shigeru, Fumio Nemoto, Emi Endo, Satomi Kaiami, and Takahide Ezoe. "School Activities Using Handmade Teaching Materials with Dot Codes." In Technologies for Inclusive Education, 220–43. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2530-3.ch011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Practitioners have been using three communication aids in conducting many school activities at both special needs and regular schools. In the simplest system, voices and sounds are transformed into dot codes, edited with pictures and text, and printed out with an ordinary color printer; the printed dot codes are traced to be decoded into the originals by using a handy tool, Sound Reader. In the most complex system, in addition to audio files, multiple media files such as movies, web pages, html files, and PowerPoint files can be linked to each dot code; just touching the printed dot code with sound or scanner pens reproduces their audio or multimedia, respectively. The present chapter reports the software and hardware used in developing originally handmade teaching materials with dot codes and various school activities performed at both special needs and regular schools.
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Atkinson, Martin E. "The respiratory system." In Anatomy for Dental Students. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199234462.003.0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oxygen derived from the air is essential for providing energy to drive the metabolic processes in cells and tissues. Air is drawn into and expelled from the body through the respiratory system by the process of ventilation. Within the respiratory system, gaseous exchange takes place between air and blood in the lungs. This is respiration in its true sense; oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it. The activities of the respiratory system must be regulated to ensure adequate oxygen supplies and clearance of carbon dioxide to meet the functional demands of the body. The respiratory and cardiovascular systems work in concert to maintain homeostasis and share several control mechanisms. The respiratory system also provides the driving force for production of speech and modifying sounds during speech. Anatomically, the respiratory system consists of a series of air passages that terminate in the lungs where gaseous exchange takes place across the thin walls of individual alveoli within them. The air passages are supported by bone or cartilage to prevent them from collapsing when air pressure is reduced. A schematic diagram of the respiratory tract is shown in Figure 5.1. In succession, the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchial tree constitute the conducting portion of air passages and the lung alveoli form the respiratory portion where gaseous exchange takes place. Clinically, the air passages as far as the larynx are known as the upper respiratory tract (URT) and the passages below the larynx and the lungs are the lower respiratory tract (LRT). Air is drawn into the body through the nose. The nose is more than a simple air passage; it has important functions in cleaning, warming, and moistening air. Air is filtered by hairs at the entrance to the nose, warmed by heat exchange with the abundant blood vessels in the mucosa of the nasal cavities, and humidified by fluid evaporating from mucus secreted by the lining mucosa. Figure 5.2A shows how bone in the lateral walls of the nasal cavities is folded to increase the surface area available and thus increase their efficiency of heating and humidification. The mucosa lining the respiratory portion has an outer covering known as respiratory epithelium although its full description, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells, is more informative.
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Clark, Claire D. "Archives." In Research Methods in Health Humanities, edited by Craig M. Klugman and Erin Gentry Lamb, 115–30. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190918514.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Archives are a source of inspiration for health humanities scholars who focus on finding lessons from historical figures or excavating the voices of patients who have historically been silenced. Sound archival research in health humanities may achieve the dual objectives of illuminating individual patient experiences and the power dynamics that shape the healthcare system as a whole. Conducting archival research involves preparing for and visiting the archive, and organizing and synthesizing your material. This chapter draws on research for the book The Recovery Revolution, a social and cultural history of addiction treatment, to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of archival research methods. Archival research can be challenging because of a lack of patient-centered source material and the influence of biases and hindsight on researchers' interpretations of evidence. An awareness of the contingencies inherent in historical research can improve the rigor of researchers' syntheses of archival material.
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Kudyba, Stephan, and Richard Hoptroff. "Steps to Success for the Mining Process." In Data Mining and Business Intelligence, 43–57. IGI Global, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-930708-03-7.ch003.
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The previous chapters have given you some background on the core components of corporate IT systems along with software technology that promotes “business intelligence” throughout an enterprise. This included a good foundation on the high end analytical portion of information systems, namely data mining technology. All this sounds fantastic, state-of-the-art software that helps increase the flow of value-added information which leads to a reduction of uncertainty in a given business environment. However, the bottom line to the productivity enhancing process from IT implementation really entails proper management and utilization of this technology. In other words, an organization can spend huge sums of dollars on the best systems available, but if they are not implemented properly, their value and dollars invested become useless. Data mining technology is no exception. In fact, because of the more complex nature of the technology (e.g., statistics and mathematic underpinnings), the potential for underutilization or improper utilization is probably greater than other types of analytical applications. The following chapter provides some helpful hints on how to manage the mining process as it illustrates some common pitfalls that exist in conducting a high-end analysis. Remember, today’s technology is good, but it doesn’t do all the work for you.
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Wright, Barry. "Cognitive and Behavioral Complications of Deafness." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0064.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prevalence of profound deafness in the United Kingdom is reported as 9 per 10,000 in 3-year-olds to 16 per 10,000 in 9- to 16-year-olds, although it is estimated that these figures may be higher because of possible under-diagnosing (Fortnum et al. 2001). In England and Scotland, approximately 13 in 10,000 children have a permanent hearing impairment of 40 dB or more (moderate to profound) across the frequencies 500–4,000 Hz (Fortnum and Davis, 1997; Fortnum, 2003; Kennedy and McCann, 2008; MacAndie et al. 2003) and in 11 in 10,000 this loss is congenital. The remainder are acquired or progressive. Profound impairment (≥95 dB loss) occurs in 2.4 per 10,000. Bilateral sensorineural deafness had a prevalence of 21 per 10,000 in a Finnish birth cohort (1974–1987) (Vartiainen, Kemppinen, and Karjalainen 1997). A survey in the general population in Sichuan, China, found a prevalence of 1.9 per 1,000 profound deafness (Liu et al. 1993). Table 44.1 shows the World Health Organization (WHO) and British Society of Audiology definitions of degrees of deafness. Sensorineural deafness involves problems either in hair cell function in the cochlear or in the nerve transmission of sound. For bilateral sensorineural deafness, the diagnosis is made at variable ages in health systems in which there is no universal neonatal screening. This varies across cultures, but can still be surprisingly late even in modern health systems. One study of 106 children with bilateral sensorineural deafness showed a mean age for first diagnosis at 42 months (median 33 months) of age, with a range from 4 months to 11 years of age (Walch 2003). In another study in Glasgow, Scotland (Chaurasia and Geddes, 2008), only 50% of early childhood deafness presented before 2 years of age. Conductive deafness involves problems with sound travelling from the outer ear, through the middle ear, to the cochlear. The commonest cause is otitis media (“glue ear”), with losses usually in the mild to moderate range. About half of children between 2 and 4 years will have at least one episode of otitis media with effusion (OME) (Zielhuis, Rach, and Van den Brock 1990).
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Iamsirithaworn, Sopon, Panithee Thammawijaya, and Kumnuan Ungchusak. "Principles of outbreak investigation." In Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health, edited by Roger Detels, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Fran Baum, Liming Li, and Alastair H. Leyland, 59–74. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198816805.003.0028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Outbreak investigation is an essential function of public health professionals. It is an opportunity to gain new knowledge of diseases and to discover the weaknesses of current public health practices and systems. Unfortunately, most outbreaks are not investigated. This chapter will present the principles and important points about outbreak investigation. The reader will learn about how to detect outbreaks from routine official surveillance and unofficial sources. The reader can assume oneself as an investigator who has to organize the team, review previous knowledge, and prepare the technical and management aspects, before starting the investigation. The reader will learn about the major ten steps in the investigation, with examples, which starts by confirming the existence of the outbreak, verifying the diagnosis, gathering case information, descriptive epidemiology, formulating and testing the hypothesis when necessary, conducting environmental surveys to supplement epidemiological evidence, providing timely on-site reporting of the findings, with practical recommendations to local and national responsible authorities, and communicating risk to health professional community and public. The reader is reminded about the need to follow-up on the recommendations and continue vigorous surveillance of the health problem. The chapter ends by forecasting more joint international investigations to control emerging diseases and new problems. After reading this chapter, the reader should be clear that outbreak investigation is an interesting, challenging, and important task requiring a competent investigator who combines sound scientific knowledge and good management.
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Morufu Olalekan, Raimi, Aziba-anyam Gift Raimi, and Teddy Charles Adias. "‘Silent Pandemic’: Evidence-Based Environmental and Public Health Practices to Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis." In Science-Based Approaches to Respond to COVID and Other Public Health Threats. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Given the unprecedented novel nature and scale of coronavirus and the global nature of this public health crisis, which upended many public/environmental research norms almost overnight. However, with further waves of the virus expected and more pandemics anticipated. The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 opened our eyes to the ever-changing conditions and uncertainty that exists in our world today, particularly with regards to environmental and public health practices disruption. This paper explores environmental and public health evidence-based practices toward responding to Covid-19. A literature review tried to do a deep dive through the use of various search engines such as Mendeley, Research Gate, CAB Abstract, Google Scholar, Summon, PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, Dimension, OARE Abstract, SSRN, Academia search strategy toward retrieving research publications, “gray literature” as well as reports from expert working groups. To achieve enhanced population health, it is recommended to adopt widespread evidence-based strategies, particularly in this uncertain time. As only together can evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) can become a reality which include effective policies and practices, transparency and accountability of decisions, and equity outcomes; these are all more relevant in resource-constrained contexts, such as Nigeria. Effective and ethical EIDM though requires the production as well as use of high-quality evidence that are timely, appropriate and structured. One way to do so is through co-production. Co-production (or co-creation or co-design) of environmental/public health evidence considered as a key tool for addressing complex global crises such as the high risk of severe COVID-19 in different nations. A significant evidence-based component of environmental/public health (EBEPH) consist of decisions making based on best accessible, evidence that is peer-reviewed; using data as well as systematic information systems; community engagement in policy making; conducting sound evaluation; do a thorough program-planning frameworks; as well as disseminating what is being learned. As researchers, scientists, statisticians, journal editors, practitioners, as well as decision makers strive to improve population health, having a natural tendency toward scrutinizing the scientific literature aimed at novel research findings serving as the foundation for intervention as well as prevention programs. The main inspiration behind conducting research ought to be toward stimulating and collaborating appropriately on public/environmental health action. Hence, there is need for a “Plan B” of effective behavioral, environmental, social as well as systems interventions (BESSI) toward reducing transmission.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Sound conduction system"
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Tanabe, Fumiya, and Fumiaki Ehara. "Development of an Evaluation System for the Body Conduction Sound Sensor." In The 4th IIAE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Image Processing 2016. The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/icisip2016.006.
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Shuzo, Masaki, Guillaume Lopez, Tomoko Takashima, Shintaro Komori, Jean-Jacques Delaunay, Ichiro Yamada, Seiji Tatsuta, and Shintaro Yanagimoto. "Discrimination of eating habits with a wearable bone conduction sound recorder system." In 2009 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2009.5398517.
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Ehara, Fumiaki, and Fumiya Tanabe. "Calibration Method of an Evaluation System for the Body Conduction Sound Sensor." In International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2018. The Institute of Industrial Application Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/iciae2018.017.
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Ehara, Fumiaki, Ryouhei Tanaka, and Kanya Tanaka. "Development of a Measurement System of a Body Conduction Sound using Wireless LAN." In The 3rd IIAE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Image Processing 2015. The Institute of Industrial Application Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/icisip2015.017.
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Przekwas, Andrzej, Xianlian Zhou, X. G. Tan, Z. J. Chen, Debbie Reeves, Patrick Wilkerson, H. Q. Yang, Vincent Harrand, and Valeta Carol Chancey. "High-Fidelity and Compact Modeling for Bone Conduction Communication Systems." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12954.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bone conduction (BC) hearing is the process of transmitting sound energy through vibrations of the skull, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain, which results in an auditory sensation (Stenfelt and Goode 2005). BC communication is attractive for military operations because the transducers are lightweight, inconspicuous, and easily integrated into military headgear. Bone conduction (BC) headsets can present audio when ambient sounds must be either blocked by hearing protection or preserved to maintain situational awareness, and they can provide necessary radio communication in quiet and high noise environments, especially when combined with an appropriate hearing protection system (McBride et al. 2005, Henry and Letowski, 2007). The overall objective of this research is to develop, validate, and deliver anatomy and physics based modeling tools and experimental procedures for analysis and design of cranial bone conduction (BC) communication systems. The modeling tools will be used to optimize the design, attachment, and anatomical location of BC speakers and microphones for best communication clarity in various military environments.
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Wimmer, W., T. Gawliczek, L. Anschütz, M. Caversaccio, and M. Kompis. "Speech understanding and sound localization with a noninvasive bone conduction system in uni- and bilateral condition." In Abstract- und Posterband – 89. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Forschung heute – Zukunft morgen. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1640693.
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Wang, Shilong, and Xiaoming Wang. "Design of cable conduction and cable sequence test system based on LabVIEW platform using sound card." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Computer Applications (ICPECA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpeca51329.2021.9362700.
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Nsofor, Emmanuel C., and Xudong Wang. "Oscillatory Heat Transfer at the Heat Exchangers of the Thermoacoustic Refrigeration System." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41306.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thermoacoustic refrigeration systems utilize high intensity sound waves and the interactions with solid boundaries to create temperature gradient, heat pumping and consequent cooling. In this study, a thermoacoustic refrigeration system was designed and constructed. The stack was fabricated from a thermoplastic material to reduce conduction in the direction opposite to heat pumping. The direction of the stack plates perpendicular to the thickness was lined with an aluminum material to increase the heat transfer in this direction. A study on the oscillatory flow heat transfer at the heat exchangers was performed using helium as the working gas. Some important factors that influence the heat transfer coefficient in oscillatory fluid flow and relations to stack fabrication were identified.
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André, L., R. Coutellier, C. Maïs, and A. Bonnaud. "New technologies of human/machine interaction: a prospective study in the military naval context." In International Ship Control Systems Symposium. IMarEST, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2631-8741.2020.003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today, military defense vessels are equipped with many systems that allow sailors to interact with each other or with their digital equipments. These systems are relatively efficient and allow mariners to perform their tasks efficiently and securely. It is important to identify new technologies that sailors can interact with, in the future. An evaluation must then be conducted to ensure compliance with their usefulness, usability and acceptability. This paper discusses how to study, upstream, various innovative technologies in order to identify the positive and negative points and to conduct a human factors evaluation following a user-centric approach, replicating operational conditions. The paper focuses then on three widely available technologies. The first is the eye-control, which allows an operator to interact with a digital system thanks to the movements and fixation of his eyes. This system allows validating information being displayed on a screen or to navigate in an interface when the operator has his hands busy with another task. Different interactions are available today (scrolling, clicking, and displaying a keyboard to write using the eyes ...). However, various limitations were highlighted during the first human factors evaluations, for example visual fatigue or calibration of the eye-tracking system, which is also sensitive to the movements of the operator and those of the platform on which it is based. The second and the third technologies presented are related because they both concern communications. In very noisy environments or when there are different sound sources, it is sometimes difficult for operators to be attentive to all auditory information or to be heard effectively. Bone conduction systems (for listening and for expression) allow the operator to be attentive to different sound sources while speaking audibly. As for the bone conduction listening system, the sound vibrations conducted by the bones reproduce a listening equivalent to classical hearing. Concerning the throat microphone, the treatment of the waves captured at the throat makes it possible to transmit a clear sound, without any environmental interference, which makes it possible to guarantee the good intelligibility of the speech. This paper concludes on how these studies from the human factor service of the research and development department of Naval Group (France) are related to advance research in these areas as well as trials for future equipment that can be developed on board for naval defense vessels.
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Ehara, Fumiak, Takahiro Kubo, and Kanya Tanaka. "Measurement System of Body Conduction Sounds Using a Mbed Microcontroller." In International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2013. The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/iciae2013.008.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Sound conduction system"
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Cahaner, Avigdor, Susan J. Lamont, E. Dan Heller, and Jossi Hillel. Molecular Genetic Dissection of Complex Immunocompetence Traits in Broilers. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586461.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: (1) Evaluate Immunocompetence-OTL-containing Chromosomal Regions (ICRs), marked by microsatellites or candidate genes, for magnitude of direct effect and for contribution to relationships among multiple immunocompetence, disease-resistance, and growth traits, in order to estimate epistatic and pleiotropic effects and to predict the potential breeding applications of such markers. (2) Evaluate the interaction of the ICRs with genetic backgrounds from multiple sources and of multiple levels of genetic variation, in order to predict the general applicability of molecular genetic markers across widely varied populations. Background: Diseases cause substantial economic losses to animal producers. Emerging pathogens, vaccine failures and intense management systems increase the impact of diseases on animal production. Moreover, zoonotic pathogens are a threat to human food safety when microbiological contamination of animal products occurs. Consumers are increasingly concerned about drug residues and antibiotic- resistant pathogens derived from animal products. The project used contemporary scientific technologies to investigate the genetics of chicken resistance to infectious disease. Genetic enhancement of the innate resistance of chicken populations provides a sustainable and ecologically sound approach to reduce microbial loads in agricultural populations. In turn, animals will be produced more efficiently with less need for drug treatment and will pose less of a potential food-safety hazard. Major achievements, conclusions and implications:. The PI and co-PIs had developed a refined research plan, aiming at the original but more focused objectives, that could be well-accomplished with the reduced awarded support. The successful conduct of that research over the past four years has yielded substantial new information about the genes and genetic markers that are associated with response to two important poultry pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and Escherichia coli (EC), about variation of immunocompetence genes in poultry, about relationships of traits of immune response and production, and about interaction of genes with environment and with other genes and genetic background. The current BARD work has generated a base of knowledge and expertise regarding the genetic variation underlying the traits of immunocompetence and disease resistance. In addition, unique genetic resource populations of chickens have been established in the course of the current project, and they are essential for continued projects. The US laboratory has made considerable progress in studies of the genetics of resistance to SE. Microsatellite-marked chromosomal regions and several specific genes were linked to SE vaccine response or bacterial burden and the important phenomenon of gene interaction was identified in this system. In total, these studies demonstrate the role of genetics in SE response, the utility of the existing resource population, and the expertise of the research group in conducting such experiments. The Israeli laboratories had showed that the lines developed by selection for high or low level of antibody (Ab) response to EC differ similarly in Ab response to several other viral and bacterial pathogens, indicating the existence of a genetic control of general capacity of Ab response in young broilers. It was also found that the 10w-Ab line has developed, possibly via compensatory "natural" selection, higher cellular immune response. At the DNA levels, markers supposedly linked to immune response were identified, as well as SNP in the MHC, a candidate gene responsible for genetic differences in immunocompetence of chickens.