Статті в журналах: "Sorption-membrane method of purification"

1

Bejanidze, Irina, Oleksandr Petrov, Volodymyr Pohrebennyk, Tina Kharebava, Nunu Nakashidze, Nato Didmanidze, Nazi Davitadze, and Anton Petrov. "Sorption of Organic Electrolytes and Surfactants from Natural Waters by Heterogeneous Membranes." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 7383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207383.

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The widespread use of surfactants increasingly requires the development and application of reliable methods for the demineralization of wastewaters, preventing environmental pollution. One of the most reliable and effective methods of demineralization of wastewaters is the electrodialysis method. Studying the behavior of large organic ions in the membrane is important for modeling cell membranes and purification of medicinal and biological preparations. The sorption characteristics of the MA-40 and MK-40 ion-exchange membranes in solutions of simple and organic electrolytes, and in a solution of the surfactant were investigated. It was found that the sorption of organic ions by membranes is mainly of an ion-exchange nature. The moisture content and elasticity of the membranes decreases in solutions of organic electrolytes, during the sorption of which the membrane becomes brittle. A study showed that in the solutions of organic electrolytes, the MA-40 membrane retains high electrochemical activity, while the MK-40 in a solution of the surfactant completely loses it. From the data obtained in this work, it is shown that organic ions do not present a hazard when water is desalted by electrodialysis, whereas sorption of surfactant ions leads to membrane poisoning.

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Busarev, Andrey, Irina Sheshegova, and Liliya Khisameeva. "Study of the processes of the purification of water from surface sources from petroleum products." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 08007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127408007.

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Recently, the amount of natural waters contaminated with petroleum products, which enter surface sources together with wastewater, has increased. Therefore, the issues of natural water purification of petroleum products are given great importance. Purification of natural waters from petroleum products is possible by sorption and ultrafiltration methods. Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering conducted research on the purification of natural waters from petroleum products in adsorption filters using various sorbents, as well as membrane separators with ultrafiltration modules from various manufacturers. As a loading of sorption filters, it is recommended to use activated charcoal as a sorbent that is optimal in terms of price and quality of water purification. The membrane modules manufactured in Europe and the United States, have a high cleaning effect from petroleum products and a sufficiently high productivity. However, they are extremely expensive.

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Litynska, Marta, Tetiana Dontsova, Olena Yanushevska, and Volodymyr Tarabaka. "Development of iron-containing sorption materials for water purification from arsenic compounds." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 10 (110) (April 30, 2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.230216.

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The paper is devoted to the development of a method for obtaining and using iron-containing sorption materials for the effective removal of arsenic compounds of different oxidation states from an aqueous medium. It is known that arsenic compounds have a harmful effect on biota due to high toxicity. The paper theoretically and experimentally substantiates the choice of iron-containing materials as the main sorbent material for arsenic compounds removal from the aqueous medium. A series of iron-containing adsorbents, including powder, activated carbon-based granular and suspension sorbents, was synthesized by different methods (heterogeneous and homogeneous precipitation). Experimental studies have confirmed that the adsorption of arsenate ions on iron-containing sorption materials corresponds to the pseudo-second order of the reaction (R2=0.999), which is inherent in adsorption processes. It was determined that oxyhydroxide sorption materials obtained by the homogeneous precipitation demonstrate higher sorption activity (up to 70 mg/g for As(III) and over 70 mg/g for As(V)). It was found that activated carbon-based iron-containing sorption materials showed approximately 2 times lower efficiency than powder iron(III) oxide, iron(III) oxyhydroxide and amorphous iron(III) hydroxide. It was shown that the use of microfiltration membranes is promising for the removal of spent suspension iron-containing sorption materials. Experimental studies have confirmed that the use of the combination “fine-particle iron(III) oxyhydroxide/membrane” allows removing arsenic compounds from contaminated water to the sanitary requirements level (less than 10 μg As/l) and separating effectively the spent fine-particle sorbent from water

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STEPANOV, S. V., Yu E. STAShOK, and N. V. NOEV. "RESEARCHES ON BIOMEMBRANE PURIFICATIONAND DEMINERALIZATION OF WASTE WATERS AT SYZRAN OIL REFINERY." Urban construction and architecture 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2012): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2012.01.10.

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There are given the research results of biomembrane waste water purification at Syzran Oil Refinery and demineralization of biologically treated sewage waters by the method of reversible electrodialysis. We compared the purification eﬃciency on the membrane bioreactor with ethanol dosing (in order to get deeper denitrification) and without it and the purification without adding household drain as well. It is shown that biomembrane technology combined with sorption tertiary treatment makes it possible to meet the requirements of the Russian Federation norms to the quality of treated sewage. The results of the experiment on the demineralization of biologically treated sewage waters using the method of reversible electrodialysis are given. We have concluded that the recycle systems of the plant can be fed with demineralised desalted water.

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Safiddine, Leila, Hadj-Ziane Zafour, Ungarala Rao, and Issouf Fofana. "Regeneration of Transformer Insulating Fluids Using Membrane Separation Technology." Energies 12, no. 3 (January 24, 2019): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030368.

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Oxidation of oil/paper insulation initiates premature aging and introduces carboxylic acids with eventual increase in oil acidity, which hampers the properties of the oil. In this paper, a membrane separation technology-based purification process for aged insulation oil has been evaluated and reported. The intent of the present study is to eliminate carboxylic acids, dissolved decay contents and other colloidal contamination present in aged oil and enhance the useful life of oil. The potential of the membrane treatment process has been demonstrated using Ultraviolet Visible Infrared Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy diagnostic measurements for oil and membrane. Additionally, membrane retention properties like membrane flux, retention coefficient, sorption time and membrane mass have been analyzed to understand the treatment process. To further evaluate the performance of the membrane and effectiveness of the treatment process, acidity, dielectric dissipation factor, relative permittivity, and resistivity measurements of the oil before and after filtration have been also reported. The proposed membrane purification method has been tested for Algerian utility in-service oil samples. It is inferred that, membrane filtration method is a simple and effective method for treatment of aged oils and aids in extending the remnant life of the oil. The procedure is economically attractive because of increasing prices for transformer liquids, cost effective and environmentally sounds.

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Lokshin, Efroim P., Olga A. Tareeva, Tatyana A. Sedneva, and Irina R. Elizarova. "METHOD OF PHOSPHORIC ACID PRODUCTION BY SORPTION CONVERSION OF APATITE CONCETRATE IN PRESENCE OF SULPHOCATIONITE IN SODIUM OR POTASSIUM FORMS." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 63, no. 1 (December 10, 2019): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20206301.5851.

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The aim of the work is the continuation of the development of a new efficient hydrochemical technology for the processing of apatite concentrate, which makes it possible to produce phosphoric acid with a reduced content of impurities as a product, to use all the valuable components of apatite concentrate. The dependence of the efficiency of decomposition of apatite concentrate with a phosphate acid solution at a temperature of 20 and 50 °C in the presence of sulfate cationite КУ-2-8чС in Na+- and K+ - forms was studied. The influence of the decomposition conditions (expense and form of sorbent, the ratio of liquid: solid, the interaction temperature) on the degree of decomposition of the concentrate, the completeness of absorption by the sorbent of the metallic cations of the concentrate, the content of impurities in the resulting phosphate-acid solution, and the composition of undissolved residues are studied. The possibility of achieving a high degree of decomposition of the concentrate (up to 99.5 %) is established. High sorption efficiency of calcium and strontium (up to 90.2 and 93.4 % respectively) is shown. The sorption of REE of the cerium group was better than the REE of the middle and yttrium groups. Increasing the temperature from 20 to 50 °C reduced REE sorption by 14-170%. Aluminum, thorium and uranium were the most difficult to sorb. It has been found that effective purification of phosphoric acid from the impurity of fluorine is achieved directly in the process of decomposition. The efficiency of purification from fluorine when using a sorbent in the K+ - form is greater than when using a sorbent in the Na+- form. It is shown that the obtained acid can be purified from sodium or potassium by the electrodialysis method in a two-chamber electrodialyzer equipped with a cation exchange membrane. It is found that before electrodialysis, preliminary purification of the phosphate solution from calcium, which is obtained during the decomposition of apatite concentrate, is necessary. To this purpose, an additional purification of the phosphoric acid solution by sulphocathionite sorption has been investigated. The lower sorption from the phosphoric acid solution of Al, Ti, Fe, Th, and U is explained by the formation of stable anionic complexes or undissociated molecules by these elements. The developed technology for the production of phosphoric acid from the apatite concentrate does not require the use of sulfuric acid, has a number of other advantages. The content of impurities in the resulting phosphoric acid is much less than in the extraction phosphoric acid produced by the sulfuric acid processing of apatite concentrate.

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Cheremisina, Olga, Tatiana Litvinova, Vasiliy Sergeev, Maria Ponomareva, and Julia Mashukova. "Application of the Organic Waste-Based Sorbent for the Purification of Aqueous Solutions." Water 13, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 3101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13213101.

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The effective purification of large-capacity wastewater from heavy non-ferrous metals and organic pollutants using inexpensive sorption technology remains a crucial task. Analyzing the current objectives of sustainable development, biochar obtained from chicken manure has prospects as a source for sorption purification of industrial wastewater. To determine the characteristics of organic material and the composition of the initial and equilibrium phases, the following analysis methods were used: volumetric, complexometric, pH-metric, X-ray fluorescence, chromatographic, spectrophotometric, luminescence-photometric and X-ray diffraction. The thermal nitrogen desorption method was used for determining the specific surface area and pore sizes with the Quantachrome Nova 1000e automatic analyzer. The sorption properties of the reprocessing product of the fresh poultry manure were investigated in relation to organic and inorganic compounds: phenols, benzene, ketones, cations of lead, mercury, manganese and iron. Based on the results obtained, technical conditions were developed for the use of the reprocessed organic waste-based product as a sorption material for household, industrial and technological wastewater purification from organic and inorganic components.

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Chuntonov, Konstantin, and Man Kyu Lee. "Mechanochemical Sorption Apparatuses." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1106.

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A new method of sorbent activation by its mechanical grinding directly in the purified gas medium promises a technological breakthrough in the field of manufacturing and using of high purity gases. Simple design solutions and using reactive alloys as a sorbent allow making the gas purification process controllable and reducing the cost of this process by many times as well as reducing the concentration of the impurity in the end product.

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Обуздина, Marina Obuzdina, Руш, E. Rush, Шалунц, and L. Shalunc. "Sorption Purification of Effluent Water From Heavy Metal Ions by Modified Natural Zeolites." Safety in Technosphere 6, no. 2 (August 21, 2017): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_598d7af88ce043.55438902.

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Features of sorption method of effluent water purification are considered. Analysis of technologies of effluent water purification from heavy metalsionsis presented. Physico-chemical regularities of sorption of Zn, Ni, Cu ions are investigated. As sorbents it is proposed to use zeolites of Holinsky deposits, modified by sulfur polymer, obtained from waste of epichlorohydrin production. This will allow simultaneously solving two problems: elimination of waste and wastewater purification, which is significantly advantageous from the economic point of view. Kinetic curves of sorption of Zn, Ni, Cu ions in different solution concentrations are presented. Also the adsorption process of heavy metal ions from solutions of chemically modified zeolites in the evaluation of the influence of various factors (the contact time of sorbent with solution, pH and temperature) are investigated.

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10

Umirova, Nilufar. "Use of glauconite as a non-reagent sorbent for the softening of drinking and boiler waters, industrial waste water." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601147.

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The article discusses the sorption of purification of water bodies from impurities using natural inorganic sorbents. The availability and low cost of minerals are an important economic advantage of their use for the purification of all types of water. The article describes a method of using an effective sorbent with high ion-exchange and sorption properties for purification of light oil products, for the purification of drinking or industrial water with a high content of heave technogenic metal ions and organic substances. Based on the data obtained, conclusions are drawn about the possibility of using the studied natural mineral sorbents for the extraction of impurities from waste and natural waters.

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Gerliga, V., V. Kravchenko, I. Prityka, and Hussam Ghanem. "Purification of Aqueous Solutions from Salts and Radionuclides." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 1(77) (February 19, 2018): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2018.1(77).07.

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The paper presents the technology of industrial waste purification based on the use of natural mineral bentonite sorbent with a large specific surface area, achieved by a cavitation crushing method, partially up to nanosize particles. The possibility for the purification of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) is shown by the example of floor drains with a significant content of salts, as well as organic mineral oils and surface-active substances. In addition to sorption of radionuclides, the used nanostructured sorbent has the ability to sorb heavy metals, salts, borates. The proposed technology contains several stages: ultrasonic treatment of ozonized LRW with the addition of sorbent; centrifugation or precipitation of the resulting mixture; obtaining a sorption-crystalline precipitate and condensate by evaporation. The final stage of processing — evaporation and vitrification in detail in this paper are not considered. The research presents the method of purification of actual LRW solutions for subsequent treatment with sorption-crystalline concentrate for vitrification. Coefficient of activity decrease equals to 103. The cost of technology is negligible, because it is based on the use of cheap bentonite. The proposed method can be used also for cleaning general industrial waste.

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Kotova, N. V., A. V. Kovaneva, S. V. Kholodaeva, and T. A. Pyatiizbyantsev. "WAYS TO IMPROVE THE TRADITIONAL COCARBOXYLASE SORPTION PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY." http://eng.biomos.ru/conference/articles.htm 1, no. 19 (2021): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37747/2312-640x-2021-19-189-191.

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This work presents the results of experiments of cocarboxylase sorption from a model solution on sorbents of various structures under static and dynamic conditions. The sorbent was selected for the development of a sorption-chromatographic method for the isolation of cocarboxylase from a mixture of thiamine esters.

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Kostoev, R. K., D. S. Tochiev, E. I. Nilkho, Z. N. Sultigova, R. D. Archakova, B. A. Temirkhanov, and L. Ya Uzhakhova. "Application of the mercury porosimetry method in the analysis of sorption materials." Fine Chemical Technologies 15, no. 1 (March 21, 2020): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-1-76-83.

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Objectives. This study aims to establish the available porosity of a sorbent based on carbonized rice husk and investigate its sorption properties for oil and oil products.Methods. A rice-husk-based sorbent carbonized at 400°С for 30 min was selected as the subject. The porosity of this sorbent is analyzed with the help of mercury porosimeters, the Pascal 140 EVO and Pascal 240 EVO. The sorption properties of the sorbent are also studied when cleaning water containing oil and oil products.Results. The test sample is a bulk porous material with a pore volume of 0.015 cm/g; porosity higher than 15% was found, and the pore size distribution is shown. Studies were conducted on the sorption of oil and oil products as well as the possibility of using the aforementioned sorbent as a filtering material in the purification of water containing oil products. We investigated the sorption processes under dynamic and static conditions. The methodology for measuring the porous structure of solid materials on the mercury porosimeter, Pascal 140 EVO, was examined. The texture characteristics of the sorbent’s porous structure were determined, which is primarily the total volume of pores, the values of the specific surface area, and the volume of the microspores and mesopores.Conclusions. The materials studied can be used as sorbents with a developed porous structure for purification of water with dissolved and emulsified petroleum products.

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Lamskova, M. I., M. I. Filimonov, A. E. Novikov, and A. I. Novikov. "Sorption filtration of organic microdrops in a hydrocyclone." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1010, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1010/1/012114.

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Abstract It is developed a construction of a hydrocyclone with sorption filter elements, providing effective purification of irrigation water from mechanical impurities and microdrops of organic pollutants. Increasing the efficiency of water purification from various types impurities is achieved due to a larger working area of the sorption filter, varying the structure of the sorption filter by changing the number of filter layers and the distance between the layers depending on the organic pollutants nature, increasing the resource of the sorption filter and reducing the downtime of the hydrocyclone for regeneration with replacement of the sorption filter with a replaceable one. The geometric parameters of the designed hydrocyclone have been determined by the calculation method for capacity 3.5 m3/h: D = 100 mm, din = 32 mm and ddrain = 40 mm. As a sorbing material, it was adopted a carbon fiber sorbent made of viscose technical thread with carbonation, the total sorption capacity of which was 20.9 g/g.

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Bru, Guillaume Kouassi, Petr V. Klimov, and Alla S. Smolyanichenko. "Sorption Method of Zinc (Zn²⁺) Removal from Galvanic Wastewater of a Machine-Building Plant." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 966–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.966.

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This article contains studies, during which the removal of zinc from industrial wastewater of the OOO Rostselmash machine-building plant (Rostov-on-Don) was carried out, using a sorption cleaning method, based on the use of an anacard nut shell grown in the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire. According to the experimental data, the cleaning efficiency was 94%, which confirms the ability of the anacard nutshell to carry out sorption purification of industrial wastewater.

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Ignatkina, Darya, Victoria Telyatnikova, Yaroslava Meshcheryakova, and Gulnara Gizzatova. "On the issue of disposal of waste sorption material as an additive in new products’ manufacturing." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 09011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128109011.

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Sorption is currently a promising method for purifying wastewater from organic and inorganic substances. The authors have developed a technology for obtaining a granular composite sorbent (GCS), on the basis of large-tonnage production waste - tobacco dust. However, as a result of sorption purification of highly concentrated wastewater from food industry enterprises, a significant amount of waste sorbent is formed, the regeneration of which is economically inexpedient. This article presents the laboratory studies’ results, on the basis of which methods of GCS disposal were developed, exhausted its sorption resource for the new products’ manufacturing in construction industry.

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Golovinov, Evgeniy, Elena Strelbitskaya, and Antonina Solomina. "Use and improvement of the sorption method for cleaning drainage runoff of reclamation systems." Melioration and Water Management 2021, no. 4 (January 28, 2022): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-4-30-35.

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Technologies and methods of directed regulation of the quality composition of drainage runoff in the hydro-reclamation systems of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia may be different depending on the volume and chemical composition of the runoff and environmental requirements for water quality for reuse and safe disposal. One of the most promising ways to improve the quality of drainage water is sorption treatment of runoff, the effectiveness of which is determined by the design of the sorption-filter unit, the selection of sorption material for the filter based on the flow rate of drainage runoff and the degree of its contamination. The layout, placement and design features of sorption-filter cleaning units are presented, the efficiency indicators of the use of a number of sorbents for cleaning drainage runoff, the main impurities removed and the degree of purification are given. An engineering solution is proposed to increase the efficiency of sorption-filtering facilities by regulating the uniformity of the interaction of drainage water with the entire mass of the sorption-filtering load by equalizing the dynamic pressure of the drainage water flow on the filter material.

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Vikulina, V. B. "TECHNOLOGY OF UNDERGROUND WATER PURIFICATION FROM MANGANESE BY SORPTION-OXIDATIVE METHOD." Системные технологии, no. 4 (2021): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55287/22275398_2021_4_43.

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Mukhortova, L. I., Yu T. Efimov, T. G. Konstantinovа, and V. P. Endyuskin. "Sorption Purification of Sewage from Aromatic Nitro Compounds." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 5 (May 10, 2020): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-5-21-23.

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The possibility of using activated carbons in wastewater treatment from aromatic nitrophenols and nitrosulfonic acids was investigated. The main parameters of the adsorption process that provide the maximum degree of purification are determined: the amount of activated carbon and the pH of mother solutions. The method of regeneration of the extracted activated carbon by treatment with sodium hydroxide solution was studied, the optimal conditions of extraction were determined.

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Politayeva, N. A., Yu A. Smyatskaya, I. V. Dolbnya, L. S. Kasobov, D. B. Rakhimov, and D. A. Zaripova. "Research of pH influence on sorption properties of sorbents on a basis of residual biomass of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana and duckweed Lemna minor." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 01050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912401050.

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This scientific research is determined to a study of sorption process of heavy metal ions removal from aqueous solution at water purification with a help of sorption materials on a basis of residual biomass of microalgae and duckweed. It is known that Chlorella sorokiniana and duckweed Lemna minor have in their composition different valuable substances such as lipids, proteins, pigments, pectic substances. After their extraction residual biomass is formed. And in present study it is proposed for using as biosorbent for water purification. At different pH values the removal of ions of heavy metals (Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II)) occurs with varied efficiency; it is an important and informative parameter. Equilibrium and initial concentration of the solution with heavy metal ions were measured by voltammetric method of analysis with a use of special equipment. Chitosan was used as a component for making composite sorption materials with residual biomass of microalgae and duckweed. It is biopolymer which widely used in water purification. Due to this, prepared granules have good sorption properties. Nowadays in the era of technology and wide industrial production it is important and actual to develop new ecological technology and useful materials for water treatment and other fields for environment protection in general.

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Stepić, Katarina, Radomir Ljupković, Jovana Ickovski, and Aleksandra Zarubica. "A short review of titania-graphene oxide based composites as a photocatalysts." Advanced Technologies 10, no. 2 (2021): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/savteh2102051s.

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New and effective methods of water purification are necessary to minimize pollution. Many methods have been used in wastewater treatment, but sorption is considered as an easy and economic process. The efficiency of any sorption process mainly depends on the physicochemical properties of the used adsorbent. Since photocatalysts can initiate reactions of decomposition organic contaminants under ultraviolet or sunlight irradiation without using chemicals or producing chemical wastes, photocatalytic reactions are considered a sustainable way to remove a variety of environmental pollutants. Ultraviolet water purification became the most effective method of water disinfection and purification. Heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalysts have recently emerged as an efficient material for purifying water. The crystal structure is crucial for photocatalytic activity and efficiency of semiconductors, thus optimal parameters must be provided during the preparation of photocatalysts. To overcome problems with semiconductors usage, the use of co-catalysts and photocatalyst carriers is one of the solutions. Recently, much emphasis has been placed on using graphene oxide (GO) supported semiconductor photocatalysts. In this paper, a short review of composites of titanium dioxide and graphene oxide-based materials is given.

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Doluda, Valentin Yu, Mikhail G. Sulman, Valentina G. Matveeva, Natalia V. Lakina, and Esfir M. Sulman. "Zn/Cu SORBENT SYNTHESIS FOR SYN-GAS PURIFICATION FROM HYDROGEN SULFIDE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 3 (April 13, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017603.5453.

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The article is devoted to the synthesis of Zn/Cu sorbents and their study for the adsorption purification of synthesis gas from sulfur-containing compounds. The sorbents were synthesized using precipitation method, hydrothermal treatment, and mechanical grinding and microemulsion method. The article contains results of the physico-chemical studies of Zn/Cu sorbents with hydrogen chemisorption, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Studies showed that the most active sample, synthesized by microemulsion method, is characterized by highest surface area and highest concentration of surface active metal as compared with to other samples. The sample surface consists of 57-61 at. % Cu+2, Zn+2, Al+3 in form of oxides and 1.5-3.0 at. % Zn+2, Al+3 in form of aluminates. The sample synthesized by mechanical grinding of oxides showed the lowest activity in hydrogen sulfide sorption that explains by higher concentration of aluminates in the active face. The results of Zn/Cu sorption activity showed well correlation of hydrogen sulfide sorption capacity with sample surface area and surface concentration of active metal.Forcitation:Doluda V.Yu., Sulman M.G., Matveeva V.G., Lakina N.V., Sulman E.M. Zn/Cu sorbent synthesis for Syn-gas purification from hydrogen sulfide. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 3. P. 61-66.

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Shurko, N. O., and T. V. Danysh. "Investigation of sorption capacity of dye-affinity sorbents in the process of purification of factor VIII coagulation." Infusion & Chemotherapy, no. 3.1 (October 11, 2020): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32902/2663-0338-2020-3.1-70.

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Background. Chromatographic methods, in particular affinity chromatography, are the most effective in obtaining highly purified preparations of plasma proteins. The active triazine and vinyl sulfone dyes are the special group of ligands for affinity chromatograph. We found that the dye-affinity sorbents bind non-target to factor VIII (FVIII) proteins in the previous stages of the study. The sorption capacity of the affinity sorbent is defined as the maximum amount of sample (protein) that can bind to the column under certain conditions. Determining the adsorption limit or limiting capacity of the sorbent makes it possible to identify the feasibility of its use to extract a certain type of protein. Objective. To study the sorption capacity of various dye-ligand affinity sorbents in the process of purification of FVIII. Materials and methods. We used next sorbents: Diasorb-Procion Blue HB, Diasorb-Procion Gelb M4R and Diasorb-Procion Blue MXR. The cryoprecipitate was initial material. The total protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method, the activity of factors VIII – one-stage clotting method. Results and discussion. Sorption of non-target proteins and FVIII activity were investigated after preparation of a number of dilutions of the initial solution of cryoprecipitate. Different concentrations of protein were applied per 1 cm3 of sorbent to select the optimal concentration and do not to oversaturate the column: I – 19.74±0.20 mg of protein/ml; II – 7.94±0.05 mg of protein/ml; III – 3.97±0.05 mg of protein/ml; IV – 1.96±0.04 mg of protein/ml. The maximum sorption capacity among the studied sorbents was 14.62±0.04 mg of protein / 1 cm3 for of sorbent Diasorb-Procion Blue HB. It was found that to achieve maximum purification of FVIII (highest specific activity), the optimal concentration of protein to 1 ml of sorbent should be in the range of 4-8 mg of protein / 1 cm3 of sorbent. The highest degree of purification for these sorbents was 19.65 times at an initial protein concentration of about 4 mg protein/ml (p≤0.01). Conclusions. The sorption capacity of sorbents was calculated. It was demonstrated that the maximum sorption capacity is approximately 15 (14.62±0.04) mg of protein / 1 cm3 of sorbent.

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Kravchenko, Мarina V., Olena S. Voloshkina, and Lesya O. Vasylenko. "Application of the reverse osmosis method for the purification of drinking water." Environmental safety and natural resources 40, no. 4 (December 24, 2021): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.4.32-45.

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The article deals with the problem of clean water, as for Ukraine, which belongs to the states with a limited amount of water resources and a high level of their use. It has been substantiated that deviations from the standards of water quality, both surface and underground sources, reach 70-80%. Almost a third of the population of villages and towns of rural type in Ukraine consumes water from wells, the water in which is recognized as practically unfit for consumption, especially in terms of nitrate indicators, which have a negative impact on human health. Provided a comparative assessment of regulatory documents State sanitary norms and rules 2.2.4-171-10 "Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption" and DSTU 7525: 2014 "Drinking water. Requirements and methods of quality control", in force on the territory of Ukraine, Council Directive 98/83/EC, which regulates water quality indicators at the international level. The modern views on the structure of drinking water as a dilute aqueous solution, where water is presented in the form of giant heterophase clusters, are considered and, based on this, the terms "prepared drinking water" and "natural drinking water" are defined. The problem of optimal adjustment of the qualitative and quantitative composition of drinking water is determined, which in the modern world is solved by methods of additional purification of water at the local level. It is shown that according to the principle of operation, household water purifiers can be divided into 4 main groups, namely: installations with a mechanical filter element; household filters of the sorption type; plants of an electrochemical type and plants of a membrane type based on the reverse osmosis process, which are widely represented on the world market today and are actively used at the local level (apartments, houses, kindergartens, schools), but they have a number of features and disadvantages. The mechanism of the processes in the system "initial water – membrane – prepared drinking water" with its outlined components is presented. The consequences of the use of reverse osmosis plants for the purification of drinking water are considered on the example of tap water, which has been purified in a plant with a membrane element TW30-1812-50 manufactured by DOW Chemical (USA) at an operating pressure of 18 atm. The presented results of changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of water, namely, its fundamental components, as a result of post-treatment by reverse osmosis. Technological and economic disadvantages of reverse osmosis plants are substantiated. It has been confirmed that the reverse osmosis method is used to demineralize water and is capable of retaining almost all ions by 92–99%, and with a two-stage purification system up to 99.9%, that is, water is prepared by reverse osmosis purified from almostall mineral salts, including useful and necessary for normal human life.

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Pandová, Iveta. "Non Traditional Energy of Zeolites and Environmental Protection." Advances in Thermal Processes and Energy Transformation 1, no. 3 (2018): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54570/atpet2018/01/03/0061.

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Sorption as a separation method is becoming an important method in progressive production developing of green energy and of intelligent products of the new generation. It is also important for the treatment of drinking and waste water. The gradual development and improvement of sorbent preparation technology progressively enhances their quality, in sorption capacity, specific surface, abrasion resistance, regenerative capacity or selectivity in relation to certain types of contaminants. Among the most important usable sorbents are also the zeolites , which are also used for the water purification. The article contains the results of measurements and monitored parameters of ferric cations sorption from the aquatic environment using natural zeolite clinoptilolite.

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26

Shaikhiev, I. G., T. K. T. Nguyen, R. Z. Galimova, and V. O. Dryakhlov. "LEANING THE GALVANIC WASTE WATER OF THE COMPANY «THIEN MY» (VIETNAM) USING SAWDUST AND ION EXCHANGE." Construction economic and environmental management, no. 1 (2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2519-4453-2020-1-36-41.

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The technology for wastewater treatment of galvanic production was developed for «Thien Mi» LLC, Vinh Fuk, Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Initially, a characteristic of the existing method for the extraction of heavy metal ions from electroplating is given. It was revealed that the treatment of wastewater from galvanic plants with a suspension of calcium hydroxide leads to the formation of a large volume of galvanic sludge and an insufficient degree of purification from heavy metal ions. The possibility of sorption purification of the galvanic drains of the named enterprise using the sawdust of acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) as a sorption material was investigated. The adsorption isotherms of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ ions with native sawdust of acacia were constructed. Sorption material was processed with weakly concentrated solutions of sulfuric acid, which leads to an increase of more than 4 times in the sorption capacity of the mentioned ITMs. The post-treatment of galvanic solutions from heavy metal ions was carried out using the Lewatit Monoplus TP 207 ion-exchange resin. The toxicity of the initial galvanic drains was investigated after each cleaning step using standard test objects Paramecium caudatum and Daphia magna. As a result of the studies, sorption and ion-exchange methods are recommended for the treatment of wastewater of galvanic production of small volumes, which can significantly reduce the concentration of heavy metal ions in purified solutions.

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27

Stepova, K., L. Sysa, and I. Vintonyk. "PURIFICATION OF FE3+ CONTAINING WASTEWATER USING NATURAL SORBENTS." Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety 20 (January 24, 2020): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20784643.20.2019.15.

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Abstract. Bentonites in natural or activated forms, i.e. after chemical treatment with acids, have high adsorption properties and are widely used as a natural adsorbent. The increase in the adsorption capacity of bentonite sorbents during heat treatment at 100–200 ° C is caused by the removal of adsorbed and chemical water that leads to an increase in the overall porosity. By thermal and hydrothermal treatments, the properties of natural sorbents can be varied within wide limits, giving them selectivity with respect to certain dissolved substances. It is known that the irradiation of water systems by microwaves leads to their heating, that is, this method of pre-treatment of sorbents combines their hydro-thermal treatment with high-frequency irradiation. The aim of the work is to investigate the process of absorption of iron (III) by bentonite clay under the influence of microwave radiation. The sorption properties of bentonites were studied under static conditions. For comparison purposes, adsorption was performed on natural bentonite under normal conditions without any pre-treatment and under the action of ultra-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation. The Langmuir equation was used to describe the experimental adsorption isotherms. The maximum sorption capacity of the treated sample was found to be 1.66 times higher than that of the untreated one and was 63.7 and 38.3 mg / g, respectively. The sorption equilibrium constant of the irradiated sample is 42% lower than that of the native one. This indicates that the sorption equilibrium under the action of ultra-high frequency radiation comes in 1.7 times faster than under normal conditions. Therefore, compared to the untreated sample, microwave irradiated bentonite has better sorption characteristics for iron (III), so it can be a promising sorbent for the purification of natural and wastewater.

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28

Kozilo, Yu A., O. V. Skopintseva, S. D. Ganova, and V. P. Fedotova. "Sorption method of water purification from impurity of oil products using zeolite." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, S1 (2020): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-1-1-250-259.

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29

Krasnopyorova, AP, IV Khristenko, GD Yuhno, EV Ostapenko, and AS Levishko. "Sorption properties of hybrid organic-silica material towards 137Cs, 90Sr and 90Y radionuclides." Adsorption Science & Technology 36, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2018): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417747469.

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Hybrid organic-silica material modified by amino groups has been investigated as adsorbent of radionuclides [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] from aqueous solutions. The sorption ability of the organic-silica material in the pH range of 2–9 with thermostating is studied by static sorption method. Analysis of sorption kinetic curves of radionuclides for aminoxerogel has shown that sorption equilibrium is established in 3–3.5 h. It is shown that the mechanisms of radionuclides sorption on the organic-silica material are combined by the complex formation and ion-exchange mechanism. The amino containing organic-silica material can be recommended for the cleaning of surfaces and purification of water solutions contaminated with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].

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30

Jamshad, Mohammed, Yu-Pin Lin, Timothy J. Knowles, Rosemary A. Parslow, Craig Harris, Mark Wheatley, David R. Poyner, et al. "Surfactant-free purification of membrane proteins with intact native membrane environment." Biochemical Society Transactions 39, no. 3 (May 20, 2011): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0390813.

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In order to study the structure and function of a protein, it is generally required that the protein in question is purified away from all others. For soluble proteins, this process is greatly aided by the lack of any restriction on the free and independent diffusion of individual protein particles in three dimensions. This is not the case for membrane proteins, as the membrane itself forms a continuum that joins the proteins within the membrane with one another. It is therefore essential that the membrane is disrupted in order to allow separation and hence purification of membrane proteins. In the present review, we examine recent advances in the methods employed to separate membrane proteins before purification. These approaches move away from solubilization methods based on the use of small surfactants, which have been shown to suffer from significant practical problems. Instead, the present review focuses on methods that stem from the field of nanotechnology and use a range of reagents that fragment the membrane into nanometre-scale particles containing the protein complete with the local membrane environment. In particular, we examine a method employing the amphipathic polymer poly(styrene-co-maleic acid), which is able to reversibly encapsulate the membrane protein in a 10 nm disc-like structure ideally suited to purification and further biochemical study.

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31

Linnikov, Oleg D., E. A. Anokhina, and V. E. Scherbakov. "Investigation on purification of hydrochloric acid by membrane method." Desalination 132, no. 1-3 (December 2000): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(00)00164-8.

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32

Vergadou, Niki, and Doros N. Theodorou. "Molecular Modeling Investigations of Sorption and Diffusion of Small Molecules in Glassy Polymers." Membranes 9, no. 8 (August 8, 2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9080098.

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With a wide range of applications, from energy and environmental engineering, such as in gas separations and water purification, to biomedical engineering and packaging, glassy polymeric materials remain in the core of novel membrane and state-of the art barrier technologies. This review focuses on molecular simulation methodologies implemented for the study of sorption and diffusion of small molecules in dense glassy polymeric systems. Basic concepts are introduced and systematic methods for the generation of realistic polymer configurations are briefly presented. Challenges related to the long length and time scale phenomena that govern the permeation process in the glassy polymer matrix are described and molecular simulation approaches developed to address the multiscale problem at hand are discussed.

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33

Karpychev, E. А. "Determination of sorption characteristics of aluminum hydroxide sludge formed at the stage of pre-purification of water treatment plant." Vestnik IGEU, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2022.2.015-020.

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An urgent task of the research is to describe the properties of the sludge formed during coagulation depending on the type of water supply source. Namely, the aim is to study the sorption capacity of the sludge for the main components removed from the water (iron compounds, organic substances, and silicic acid compounds). This indicator allows you to directly determine the effectiveness of the coagulation. When comparing the actual values of this indicator with practically obtainable values, one can say about the lack or excess of the coagulant supplied for processing. To calculate the specific sorption capacities of the sludge, the following indicators have been used: organic content, the weight concentration of silicic acid compounds in terms of SiO2 and the weight concentration of iron compounds in terms of Fe. After drying and calcining the sludge, the resulting mineral residue has been dissolved in the solution, and the content of the final components was determined. Conventional water analysis methods have been applied. For the first time, a method is proposed to determine the specific sorption capacities of aluminum hydroxide sludge for organic compounds, for iron compounds in terms of Fe, for silicic acid compounds in terms of SiO2. A classification of natural low-turbidity waters with an increased content of iron-organic compounds is proposed. Within the framework of the proposed classification of waters, the authors have obtained previously undetermined actual specific sorption capacities of the sludge. Recommendations have been given to get practical importance values of the sorption characteristics of the sludge. The proposed method to calculate the sorption capacity of aluminum hydroxide sludge and index of sorption capacity of the sludge are recommended to be used as a parameter that determines the conditions and efficiency of application of the aluminum sulfate coagulation technology. Excessive doses of the coagulant that provide a sorption capacity of the sludge greater than the recommended values, lead to an excessive consumption of both the reagent itself and purge water. Thus, some measures can be taken to bring the sorption capacity of the sludge to practically achievable values, for example, aquatic acidification.

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34

Myrzalieva, S. K., J. T. Bagasharova, and Sh K. Akilbekova. "Study of the possibility of using zeolite and diatomite in the treatment of oil-contaminated wastewater." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 322, no. 3 (May 2, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2022/6445.26.

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Numerous harmful substances of anthropogenic origin that are released into the environment, including petroleum products, are the result of the uncontrolled discharge of industrial wastewater into natural water bodies. Operation of oil refining and petrochemical industry enterprises, gaseous emissions and effluents of industrial enterprises, numerous oil and NP spills as a result of accidents and fires at oil storage facilities and oil refineries lead to pollution of water and soil with considerable amounts of crude oil and products of its processing and create a serious threat to the ecology of regions of Kazakhstan. A cardinal solution to the problem of protection of water bodies from pollution by wastewater polluted by oil and NP is to organize such water management of enterprises, under which the system of recycling water supply is developed as much as possible and the discharge of wastewater into water bodies is minimized. Currently, the sorption method of water purification is the most environmentally safe and expedient. When selecting a sorbent for sorption much attention is paid to its sorption characteristics and the availability of raw materials. In addition, the choice of a sorbent depends on such factors as the quality requirement for purification, the condition of pollutants, the stages of purification and others. A wide range of natural sorption materials used in water treatment and water treatment is known. Natural materials based on modified diatomites and zeolites from Kazakhstan deposits are investigated in this work.

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35

Yaroustovsky, M. B., M. V. Abramyan, and E. V. Komardina. "Methods of Molecular Transfusion in Intensive Care of Critical States in Pediatric Postoperative Cardiac Surgery Patients." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 71, no. 5 (September 12, 2016): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn709.

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Molecular techniques in transfusion medicine have become popular in the clinical practice of pediatric intensive care units when the patient needs blood purification, more recently, in children in critical condition. Considering the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child’s body, pronounced severity, and rapid progression of multiple organ disorders, the key problems defining the treatment results are instrument reading, choice and timely initiation of extracorporeal therapy. Today, along with the methods of renal replacement therapy in children albumin dialysis therapy and high-volume plasmapheresis are successfully applied in the treatment of acute liver dysfunction; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation — in the treatment of biventricular cardiac and/or respiratory failure. Selective endotoxin sorption methods (LPS-adsorption) are implemented in the treatment of severe gram-negative sepsis.

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36

Smyatskaya, Yu A., A. A. Fazullina, N. A. Politaeva, A. N. Chusov та A. A. Bezborodov. "Wastewater Treatment of Iron(III) Ions with Residual Biomass of Microalgae Сhlorella Sorokiniana". Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, № 6 (11 червня 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-6-22-27.

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The sorption properties of the residual biomass of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, which is formed after the extraction of lipids, were investigated. Residual biomass is waste and is used for wastewater treatment from iron(III) ions. Microstructural studies of Chlorella sorokiniana microalgae and residual biomass after lipid extraction were carried out. The purification of model wastewater from iron(III) ions under static conditions has been studied, the purification efficiency and adsorption capacity of the residual biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana have been calculated. A model filter was created, where residual biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana was used as a filtering load and sorption processes were studied under dynamic conditions. The efficiency of purification of model wastewater from iron(III) ions has been calculated and a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of purification under static and dynamic conditions has been carried out. A method for the disposal of spent sorbents as an additional fuel is proposed. The specific heat of combustion (q = 20,674 kJ/kg) of the spent sorbents from the residual biomass of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, the value of which is not inferior to traditional energy sources, was determined experimentally.

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37

Beisenova, G. S., B. D. Burkitbayeva, A. M. Argimbaeva, G. S. Rakhymbay, and F. Vacandio. "Sorption Properties of Chitosan in the Refining of Rough Indium." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 20, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj727.

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The degree of purity of cathode deposits during the electrochemical refining of rough indium depends on the content of impurity metals in the electrolyte. In this work, an additional sorption purification of the refining electrolyte was carried out in order to reduce the content of such impurity metals as cadmium, lead, copper. Chitosan was used as a sorbent due to high sorption properties with respect to heavy metal ions. The determination of the concentration of the studied metals before and after the sorption was carried out by the method of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The experimental results allowed to calculate the amount of metal sorbed by chitosan and the efficiency of its removal. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and isotherm constants were determined. The Langmuir model agrees very well with experimental data. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) method was used to determine the presence of impurity metals and the degree of purity of electrorefined indium. The use of chitosan as a sorbent in the purification of rough indium allows to reduce the concentration of impurity metals in cathode deposits and to increase the content of the base metal to 99.9994%.

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38

Nikolaeva, L. A., and A. N. Khusnutdinov. "Purification of Gas Emissions of Chemical Industry Enterprises by Carbonaceous Cutting." Ecology and Industry of Russia 22, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2018-8-14-18.

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It is proposed to purify gas emissions of industrial enterprises by the adsorption method. As a sorption material, power industry waste is used — the cuttings for chemical treatment of water of water reclamation at Kazan CHPP-1, which is formed during coagulation and liming of natural water. The chemical composition of the cuttings, its technological characteristics, the isotherm of adsorption of hydrogen sulphide cuttings, its sorption capacity and water absorption are determined. The optimum characteristics of a batch adsorber with a fixed cuttings layer are calculated. The calculation of the economic and ecological effect of the modernization of the technological scheme for cleaning gas emissions from the hydrogen sulphide line produced by the thiocol OJSC "Kazan Plant of Synthetic Rubber" is given.

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39

Khusnutdinova, Elvira, and Larisa Nikolaeva. "Modified sludge-based purification of flue gases produced by thermal power plants." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601082.

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This paper proposes an adsorption-based method of removing sulfur dioxide from the flue gases produced by the thermal power plant. A power plant waste – chemical water treatment sludge available at Kazan CHPP-1 – was used as an adsorption material. Presented here is the chemical composition of the chemical water treatment sludge for a modified sorption material to be designed therefrom. The new sorp-tion material was trial tested for removal of sulfur dioxide from gases. This resulted in kinetic dependence and adsorption isotherm. The test results were then used to design the adsorber. The economic and envi-ronmental effect of using the chemical water treatment sludge as the sorption material was calculated.

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40

Gorelova, E. I., V. V. Kotov, and G. N. Danilova. "Water Demanganation with the Help of the Carbon-Silicate Composite." Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, no. 4 (April 3, 2019): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-4-12-15.

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Composite activated carbon BAU-A, silica and kaolin with addition of silver has been synthesized for the purpose of water purification from impurities. The increase in the degree of composite fragments dispersion to nanoparticles after treatment with NaOH with the help of microscopy scanning method has been revealed. Processes of ions Mn2+ sorption from aqueous solution have been investigated. Physico-chemical properties (limiting specific adsorption, selectivity coefficient, distribution coefficiet ) have been established. The mechanism of Mn2+ sorption has been proposed. It shows that when its concentrations is low, then ion-exchange sorption takes place, while at high concentration, the absorption process with ion redistribution equilibrium between the solution and the pore space takes place. The concentration, lower which the sorption clearing reaches MPC has been revealed, as well as the upper limit of the concentration at which the composite preserves selectivity.

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41

Conde-Mejía, Carolina, and Arturo Jiménez-Gutiérrez. "Analysis of ethanol dehydration using membrane separation processes." Open Life Sciences 15, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2020-0013.

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AbstractAfter the biomass pretreatment and fermentation processes, the purification step constitutes a major task in bioethanol production processes. The use of membranes provides an interesting choice to achieve high-purity bioethanol. Membrane separation processes are generally characterized by low energy requirements, but a high capital investment. Some major design aspects for membrane processes and their application to the ethanol dehydration problem are addressed in this work. The analysis includes pervaporation and vapor permeation methods, and considers using two types of membranes, A-type zeolite and amorphous silica membrane. The results identify the best combination of membrane separation method and type of membrane needed for bioethanol purification.

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42

Milyutin, V. V., N. A. Nekrasova, and G. V. Kostikova. "Sorption Method for Purification of Ittrium-90 Radionuclides and Separation of 90Sr/90Y Pair." Radiochemistry 63, no. 6 (November 2021): 782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362221060102.

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43

Malko, Mihail, Sergey Vasilevich, Andrei Mitrofanov, and Vadim Mizonov. "Development of the Method for Predicting and Calculating the Operation of Sorption Systems for Cleaning the Generator Gas based on Dolomite Use. Part II." Problems of the Regional Energetics, no. 4(52) (November 2021): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2021.4-52.04.

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At present, instead of a direct combustion of solid fuel, its thermochemical conversion is exten-sively used to produce a generator gas. The use of this technology is connected with the need for gas purification. One of the promising and widely spread sorbents for the purification of the generator gas is dolomite, whose particles compose the active component of the bed filters. Forecasting the technological characteristics of the functioning of the bed filters of a various de-sign is an extremely urgent task. The objective of the study is to develop a method for forecast-ing and calculating the operation of sorption systems for purification of the generator gas based on dolomite. It is achieved by constructing and verifying a mathematical model of the function-ing of the bed sorption filter with a radial-axial flow pattern of the generator gas through the do-lomite filling. The Markov chains theory of a mathematical apparatus is used to design the one-dimensional mathematical model of the process with discrete space and time. The main recurrent balance ratio is formed at each calculation step taking into account the current characteristics of the process, which makes the model nonlinear. The significance of the research is that an approach to the problem of increasing the reliability of the description and reliability of forecasting technological processes in a bed filter was proposed based on the construction of mathematical models of these processes, in which the filter is considered as a system with distributed characteristics, and the calculation was based on local exchange potentials between particles and gas.

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44

Chu, X. N., J. Y. Hu, H. L. Guo, and X. L. Tan. "Rapid method for viable Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts detection." Water Supply 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 737–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.109.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is a waterborne coccidian protozoan parasite known to infect humans, resulting in an illness known as cryptosporidiosis. The widely used USEPA method 1622 to detect Cryptosporidium is time consuming, and unable to provide the information on oocysts viability and species. In order to develop a fast detection method for viable C. parvum oocysts, a 0.2 μm pore size hollow fiber membrane and 0.45 μm pore size disc membrane were used to filter tap water. Modified Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) purification was followed, and the IMS condition was optimized to shorten the purification time. Finally, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and FITC-conjugated monoclonal antibody (FMAb) staining were combined to detect viable oocysts, and results indicated that the viable oocysts detection by FISH/FMAb can be achieved in 20 min. The total viable oocysts detection time can be shortened to less than 1.5 h without affecting oocysts recovery.

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45

Bolotov, Victor A., Olga V. Cheremisina, Maria A. Ponomareva, and Daria A. Alferova. "Prospects for the Use of the Sorbent for Purification of Gases from Sulfur-Containing Components on the Basis of Manganese Ore." Key Engineering Materials 836 (March 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.836.13.

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The physical and chemical properties of "loose" manganese ore of Ulu-Telyak Deposit of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the possibility of its use as an effective sorbent for purification of exhaust gases of metallurgical, chemical, oil refining, mining and other industries are studied. Analyses were carried out on the phase composition, chemical composition, determined the specific surface area of the pores and thermogravimetric method of water content. The process of sorption of a gas mixture containing hydrogen sulfide, methyl and ethyl mercaptans was also studied. The results of the experiments concluded that the prospects of using this "loose" manganese ore for the sorption of sulfur-containing gases.

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Politaeva, Nataliya А., Irina V. Atamanyuk, Yuliya А. Smyatskaya, Tatiana A. Kuznetsova, Toumi Amira, and Pavel B. Razgovorov. "WASTE-FREE TECHNOLOGY OF CHLORELLA SOROKINIANA MICROALGAE BIOMASS USAGE FOR LIPIDS AND SORBENTS PRODUCTION." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 61, no. 12 (December 12, 2018): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20186112.5795.

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In the present article we introduce application areas of Сhlorella sorokiniana microalgae biomass for national economy (feed and biologically active additives, etc). Here it is shown that thermal and chemical modification of plant material waste might result in obtaining of highly-efficient materials for water purification. Major stages of waste-free technology of microalga processing with further extraction of valuable lipids and obtaining of sorption materials are schematically shown. We have determined fatty-acid content of lipid fraction (77 mg/g), obtained by Soxhlet method from lyophilized microalga biomass. It was revealed, that it includes 83.7% of unsaturated fatty acids (generally, С18:1, С18:2, С18:3), whereas saturated fatty acids are mostly presented by С16 – С20 family. In lyophilized biomass we discovered α-linolenoic acid (Omega-3, 28.3%), which is one of the most valuable biologically active compounds, required for full-value human life and activities. Microstructure analysis of residual biomass of C. sorokiniana microalgae has shown pore surface, formed by destroyed cells. In the course of studying the sorption properties of residual biomass with the use of initial and final concentration parameters, the efficiency of purification of model water from Fe3+ ions (47.5%) was evaluated, which indicates the need to modify the sorption properties of biomass. It has been established that the degree of wastewater purification containing iron (III) compounds can be significantly increased (by 1.8 times) by forming from the residual biomass granular materials with additional introduction of chitosan in the composition, which using as a binder and a modifying additive (mass ratio 4:1).

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Vorotyntsev, V. M., V. M. Malyshev, and I. V. Vorotyntsev. "High purification of gases by the hybrid gas hydrate-membrane method." Petroleum Chemistry 54, no. 7 (November 15, 2014): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965544114070135.

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Tamba, Yukihiro, Hiroaki Terashima, and Masahito Yamazaki. "A membrane filtering method for the purification of giant unilamellar vesicles." Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 164, no. 5 (July 2011): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.04.003.

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Castañeda-Ovando, Araceli, Carlos Andrés Galán-Vidal, Elizabeth Contreras-López, and Ma Elena Páez-Hernández. "Purification of Anthocyanins with o-Dihydroxy Arrangement by Sorption in Cationic Resins Charged with Fe(III)." Journal of Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/367236.

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In the present work, a new purification method of anthocyanins with o-dihydroxy arrangement is proposed. This method is based on a ligand-exchange mechanism, using a cationic exchange resin loaded with metallic ions in order to increase the affinity of the resin to the anthocyanin(s) with o-dihydroxy arrangement. This method was used to purify the main anthocyanin (cyanidin-3-glucoside; Cy-3-glc) from the anthocyanic methanolic extract of blue corn. The best sorption result was using Fe(III) in its ion form. The purification procedure begins with the formation of a metal-anthocyanin complex (Cy-3-glc-Fe) which was optimal at pH 5, followed by a NaOH 0.1 M elution process in order to eliminate anthocyanins without o-dihydroxy arrangement, sugars, and organic acids. Finally, the pure anthocyanin is obtained by adding HCl 0.1 M which breaks the metal-anthocyanin complex.

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Simon, Kailene S., Naomi L. Pollock, and Sarah C. Lee. "Membrane protein nanoparticles: the shape of things to come." Biochemical Society Transactions 46, no. 6 (November 21, 2018): 1495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20180139.

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The use of styrene–maleic acid (SMA) for the purification of a wide range of membrane proteins (MPs) from both prokaryotic and eukaryotic sources has begun to make an impact in the field of MP biology. This method is growing in popularity as a means to purify and thoroughly investigate the structure and function of MPs and biological membranes. The amphiphilic SMA copolymer can effectively extract MPs directly from a native lipid bilayer to form discs ∼10 nm in diameter. The resulting lipid particles, or styrene–maleic acid lipid particles (SMALPs), contain SMA, protein and membrane lipid. MPs purified in SMALPs are able to retain their native structure and, in many cases, functional activity, and growing evidence suggests that MPs purified using SMA have enhanced thermal stability compared with detergent-purified proteins. The SMALP method is versatile and is compatible with a wide range of cell types across taxonomic domains. It can readily be adapted to replace detergent in many protein purification methods, often with only minor changes made to the existing protocol. Moreover, biophysical analysis and structural determination may now be a possibility for many large, unstable MPs. Here, we review recent advances in the area of SMALP purification and how it is affecting the field of MP biology, critically assess recent progress made with this method, address some of the associated technical challenges which may remain unresolved and discuss opportunities for exploiting SMALPs to expand our understanding of structural and functional properties of MPs.

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