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Статті в журналах з теми "Sols – Teneur en composés organochlorés":
Assogba, Komlan, Sikirou Rachidatou, Adrien Boko, Charlotte Adje, Victoire Ahle, Raymond Vodouhe, Assa Ayémou, Enoch Achigan, and Prudent Anihouvi. "Pratiques culturales et teneur en éléments anti nutritionnels (nitrates et pesticides) du Solanum macrocarpum au sud du Bénin." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 7, no. 15 (July 7, 2007): 01–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.15.ipgri2-3.
El Herradi, EL Hassania, Chakib El Adlouni, Malika Naman, Ibtissam Rochdi, Abdellatif Aafrane, and Fatima Naman. "Effet de margines traitées par infiltration-percolation sur la germination et la croissance de quatre espèces végétales." Revue des sciences de l’eau 30, no. 2 (January 22, 2018): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042920ar.
Escudier, J. L., B. Gillery, H. Ojeda, and et F. Etchebarne. "Maitrise de la salinité des eaux d'irrigation pour la viticulture." BIO Web of Conferences 12 (2019): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191201010.
Дисертації з теми "Sols – Teneur en composés organochlorés":
Amutova, Farida. "Assessment of bioavailability of organochlorine pesticides in chain «soil – farm animals – food products»." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0126.
Soil could be the main vector for the transfer of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to agricultural animals, and, accordingly, to the food products they produce (meat, milk, eggs). Farm animals especially free-range species could ingest soil in different proportions together with vegetation which in case of contamination context represent a serious consequence to produce insecure food of animal origin. Hereby, this study was mainly focused on sequestration strategies which could ensure the safety of food produced by livestock animals in POP contaminated areas.The current work was focused on organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) among the POPs. These forbidden and obsolete chemicals have been stored over long time in facilities, which may have been deteriorated over the decades, which raises issues by their diffusion in the environment in various countries. The aim of the current study was to reduce OCPs transfer in the food chain «soil - farm animals - food products of animal origin» by the application of different carbonaceous materials based on activated carbons (AC) or biochars (BC), which are serious candidates to sequestrate POPs. The use AC/BC as soil amendment can adsorb POPs reducing its environmental availability but also their bioavailability for free-ranged animals, which may ingest soil and by consequence soil-bound pollutants.Several scientific concepts such as environmental availability, bioavailability, transfer rate, bioaccumulation factor, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were integrated into the current study using in vitro and in vivo approaches in order to investigate application of sequestration strategies based on ACs and BCs as possible solutions for reduction of the OCPs (DDT and metabolites, HCH isomers and CLD) transfer from soil to food products in contaminated areas. Several ACs (DARCO, ORBO, Shubarkol) and BCs (Japanese knotweed, Oak tree, Sargassum) were revealed by the current work as effective sequestrants that could be effectively used in sequestration strategies as soil amendment. In addition, physical and chemical properties of SMs, amendment rate, contact time between contaminants and SMs and fractions of soil organic matter appeared as factors explaining efficiency of sequestration strategies based on AC/BCs.Finally, sequestration strategy based on AC/BC can be especially effective under conditions of moderate soil contaminations, which could significantly reduce environmental availability of pollutants (up to 90%) and, as a result, transfer to food products.Keywords: Organochlorine pesticides, Soil, Transfer, Farm animals, Sequestration, Activated carbon, Biochar, Bioavailability
Matta, Roger. "Oxydation chimique in situ de polluants organiques : application aux nitro-aromatiques et aux organochlorés." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX11010.
This memory deals with the chemical oxidation of organic pollutants within the general framework of soil remediation. The chemical oxidation of three organic pollutants belonging to two different families (organochlorines and nitroaromatics) by: hydrogen peroxide (Fenton’s reaction and modified Fenton), persulfate (activated or not) and permanganate were studied. The oxidation of PCP, TCE and TNT by hydrogen peroxide and iron containing minerals (heterogeneous Fenton) proved to be applicable tat pH 7 and the activity of iron oxides (in particular magnetite) is preserved when incorporated into mineral assemblages with silicates or clay. These results indicate that the presence of the soil endogenous iron could be exploited for ISCO treatment process. The yields of oxidation with a pH close to neutrality increase in the presence of iron chelating agents like EDTA and CMCD. Persulfate was able to oxidize the PCP and the TCE without any chemical activation whereas it did not show any effect on the transformation of TNT. The iron minerals (goethite and magnetite) did not show any reactivity with respect to persulfate. However, the effectiveness of oxidation was increased by the activation of persulfate with EDTA iron chelates. Permanganate was able to oxidize PCP with a higher rate than that of TCE. However the effectiveness of the oxidation of TNT is much lower. A degradation pathway of PCP was proposed for the first time. The results obtained in column confirmed those obtained in batch and showed the feasibility of chemical oxidation under conditions similar to those found at field. For further research concerning the application of ISCO, pemanganate is the oxidant of choice for the organochlorine compounds and heterogeneous Fenton for the nitroaromatics
Maire, Julien. "Développement de techniques pour la remédiation d'aquifères pollués par des composés organochlorés." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD030/document.
Source zones formed by chlorinated organic compounds in soils (DNAPL) can contaminate aquifers for several centuries by feeding a plume of dissolved compounds. To deplete those source zones, DNAPL pumping is the simplest option, but the efficacy is limited by preferential water flow in the soil and capillary forces that are trapping the DNAPL. More aggressive strategies (dissolution, thermal treatment, chemical degradation...) are also costlier. Within this thesis work, two treatment strategies using surfactant foam were developed and assessed at lab-scale to prepare field assessment. The first strategy relies on foam injection in the source zone to mobilize the DNAPL in a controlled fashion to drive it ahead to pumping wells. In the best conditions, DNAPL saturation was lowered below 1% after treatment with a surfactant consumption below 10 g kg-1 of DNAPL removed. The second strategy uses foam as a reagent (hydrogen) carrier to accelerate the biodegradation of dissolved compounds in the plume. When injected as a foam, hydrogen was delivered in a targeted and more persistent manner in the strata to be treated. Developed technologies showed to be promising at field-scale and when the technico-economic assessment was conducted. Research still remains to be done to make those techniques more predictable during their implementation
Clavelin, Pierre. "Contribution à l’étude de la pollution des sols par des composés organochlorés : : préparation de mélanges témoins - : Etude comparative de techniques d'extraction." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0088.
In a first step, we have tried to prepare dry or humidified mixtures composed with clays or real soils homogeneously spiked by organochlorine pollutants (Pyralène Tl, chlorophenols). Beyond the homogeneity aspect, we wanted to know if the preparation procedure allow to obtain pollutant adsorption on the absorbent. Finally we propose a protocol (with a rotary evaporator) satisfying the homogeneity critter. However, we observe some pollutant losses and we show that, for dry mixtures, the pollutant is not adsorbed but only coats soil particles. We demonstrate the water effect on adsorption. In a second step, with these synthetic mixtures, we compared the efficiency of four types of extraction techniques: thermal way (micro sublimation, thermal desorption, pyro-injection), by liquid organic solvents (Soxhlet, Soxtec), by carbon dioxide (liquid, gas or supercritical) and by water leaching (at various temperature and pression conditions). Good recoveries are found with techniques using temperature and/or pressure (micro-sublimation) an and an solvent (water, carbon dioxide or organic solvent). As well as adsorption, water influences desorption quality
Scheiner, Javier David. "Spéciation du carbone, de l'azote et du phosphore de différentes boues de stations d'épuration au cours de leurs incubations contrölées dans deux types de sol." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000379/.
Puget, Pascale. "Distribution des matières organiques dans des agrégats de sols limoneux cultivés : conséquences sur la stabilité structurale des agrégats et sur la biodégradation des matières organiques." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120035.
Gossart, Pascal. "Contribution à l'étude des interactions de la matière organique des sols avec les métaux lourds : étude structurale et analytique de molécules modèles." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-187-188.pdf.
Abdi, Dalel. "Caractérisation par spectroscopie et analyse compositionnelle des formes du phosphore dans des sols agricoles canadiens." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25804.
Understanding of phosphorus (P) forms dynamics and changes in agro-ecosystems is essential for the development of best management practices to maintain soil productivity and surface water quality. The objective of this thesis was to develop and use innovative methods to characterize soil P forms and their changes under different management practices. We examined the potential of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict soil total P (TP), soil P extracted by Mehlich-3 solution (M3P) and by water (Cp), and soil organic P (OP) for soil samples taken from two sites with different P content located at Quebec and Saskatchewan. The results showed that the prediction of TP and M3P in the site of Quebec were moderately useful and not acceptable, respectively. However, the opposite was found in the site of Saskatchewan. The prediction of OP was moderately useful to moderately successful in experimental site of Saskatchewan. The potential of NIRS to predict P depends to the soil texture, to P soil content variation and to the relation of P to organic matter. Furthermore, contradictory results of variance and correlations analyses were found for the raw and ordinary log transformed molecular P species expressed as proportions or concentrations, indicating spurious correlations. Using compositional analysis with centred log ratio or isometric log ratio transformations avoid the methodological biases and allow coherent interpretation. Finally, phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to characterize P species for soil samples collected from a long-term corn-soybean rotation experiment in Quebec. Results showed an accumulation of TP (1326 mg kg-1) on the top 5 cm of P fertilized soil under no-till primarily due to orthophosphate ions accumulation (49.7% of TP). However, the organic P forms of inositol monoesters and nucleotides had accumulated in the deep layer; indicating a potential loss through different hydrological pathways. Overall, these studies allow us to improve our understanding of P forms and to better monitor them under different agro-ecosystems using the best management practices.
Cauwet, Gustave. "Dynamique de la matière organique dans les milieux marin et polyhalins : son rôle dans les processus géochimiques aux interfaces." Perpignan, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PERP1066.
Mangeret, Arnaud. "Cinétiques de dégradation des solvants chlorés dans les eaux souterraines : approche multi-échelles du laboratoire au site réel." Bordeaux 3, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00650447.
Книги з теми "Sols – Teneur en composés organochlorés":
Hewitt, Alan D. Storage and preservation of soil samples for volatile compound analysis. Hanover, N.H: U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 1999.
Entry, James A., Andrew D. Gottlieb, Krish Jayachandran, and Andrew Ogram. Microbiology of the Everglades Ecosystem. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
Entry, James A., Andrew D. Gottlieb, Krish Jayachandran, and Andrew Ogram. Microbiology of the Everglades Ecosystem. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.