Готові списки джерел за темами / Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

1

Ikegawa, Kazutaka, Kengo Miyara, Yuya Tachikawa, Stephen Matthew Lyth, Junko Matsuda, and Kazunari Sasaki. "Performance and Durability of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Air Electrodes Prepared By Various Conditions." ECS Transactions 109, no. 11 (September 30, 2022): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10911.0071ecst.

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Анотація:
Fuel electrode materials are important for achieving higher performance and durability in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs), and reversible solid oxide cells (r-SOCs). On the other hand, the air electrode also faces performance and durability issues. For air electrodes, studies have been conducted on their performance and durability in SOFC operation, but the performance and durability of air electrodes in SOEC and r-SOC operation needs to be investigated in more detail. The electrochemical performance and durability of SOEC and r-SOC are evaluated by conducting electrolysis performance tests of LSCF-based air electrodes with different preparation conditions, electrolysis durability tests at the thermoneutral potential, and a 1000-cycle test in r-SOC mode.
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2

Shao, Le, Shaorong Wang, Jiqin Qian, Yanjie Xue, and Renzhu Liu. "Fabrication of Cathode-supported Tubular Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell for High Temperature Steam Electrolysis." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 14, no. 3 (April 29, 2011): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v14i3.107.

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Анотація:
The cathode-supported tubular solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) fabricated by dip-coating and co-sintering techniques have been studied for high temperature steam electrolysis application. The microstructure and electrochemical performeances were investigated in both SOEC and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) modes. In SOFC model, the maximum power densitity reached 390.7, 311.0 and 248.3 mW cm-2 at 850, 800, and 700 °C, respectively, running with H2 (105 mL min-1) and O2 (70 mL min-1) as working gases. In SOEC mode, the results indicated that the steam ratio had a strong impact on the performance of the tubular SOEC, and it’s better to operate the tubular SOEC in high steam ratio. I-V curves and EIS results suggested that the microstructure of the tubular SOEC needs to be optimized for mass transportation.
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3

Minh, Nguyen Q., and Kyung Joong Yoon. "(Invited) High-Temperature Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen and Syngas - Technology Status and Development Needs." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 49 (October 9, 2022): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02491906mtgabs.

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Анотація:
High-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology has been considered and developed for production of hydrogen (from steam) and syngas (from mixtures of steam and carbon dioxide). The SOEC, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) in reverse or electrolysis operating mode, is traditionally derived from the more technologically advanced SOFC. The SOEC uses the same materials and operates in the same temperature range (600˚-800˚C) as the conventional SOFC. The SOEC therefore has the advantages shown by the SOFC such as flexibility in cell and stack designs, multiple options in cell fabrication processes, and choice in operating temperatures. In addition, at the high operating temperature of the SOEC, the electrical energy required for the electrolysis is reduced and the unavoidable Joule heat is used in the splitting process. SOEC technology has made significant progress toward practical applications in the last several years. To date, SOEC single cells, multi-cell stacks and systems have been fabricated/built and operated. However, further improvements are needed for the SOEC in several areas relating to the key drivers (efficiency, reliability and cost) to enable commercialization. This paper provides an overview on the status of SOEC technology, especially zirconia based technology, and discusses R&D needs to move the technology toward practical applications and widespread uses.
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4

Chen, Kongfa, Shu-Sheng Liu, Na Ai, Michihisa Koyama, and San Ping Jiang. "Why solid oxide cells can be reversibly operated in solid oxide electrolysis cell and fuel cell modes?" Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 46 (2015): 31308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp05065k.

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5

Milobar, Daniel G., Joseph J. Hartvigsen, and S. Elangovan. "A techno-economic model of a solid oxide electrolysis system." Faraday Discussions 182 (2015): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00015g.

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Анотація:
Solid oxide cells can play a vital role in addressing energy and environmental issues. In fuel cell mode they are capable of producing electric energy at high efficiency using hydrocarbon fuels and in the electrolysis mode can produce hydrogen from steam or synthesis gas from a mixture of steam and carbon dioxide. The solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) can operate at a wide range of conditions. A capable means by which to select operating conditions in the application of solid oxide electrolyzers is a necessity for successful commercial operation. Power and efficiency can be determined over a wide range of operating conditions by applying fundamental electrochemical principles to a SOEC system. Operating conditions may be selected based on power requirements or with efficiency as a priority. Operating cost for electricity which is a function of both power and efficiency can also be used to determine optimal operating conditions. Performance maps based on closed form isothermal parametric models for both hydrogen and natural gas fueled SOFC stacks have been demonstrated previously. This approach applied to a SOEC stack is shown. This model was applied to generate performance maps for a solid oxide cell stack operated in the electrolysis mode. The functional form of the model and the boundaries of the operating envelope provide useful insight into the SOEC operating characteristics and a simple means of selecting conditions for electrolysis operation.
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6

Zhang, Qian, Dalton Cox, Clarita Yosune Regalado Vera, Hanping Ding, Wei Tang, Sicen Du, Alexander F. Chadwick, et al. "Interface Problems in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 47 (October 9, 2022): 2425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02472425mtgabs.

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Анотація:
In this talk, I introduce topics, that I have been working on, in solid oxide electrolysis cells involving complicated interfacial structures and dynamics of interfaces. Then I will focus on my recent work on nickel (Ni) particle migration in electrodes consisting of Ni, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and pores during the operation of oxygen-ion conducting solid oxide electrolysis cells (o-SOECs) and Faraday efficiency in proton-conducting solid oxide electrolysis cells (p-SOECs) under electrolysis operations. SOECs can have a significant impact on climate change over the next decade and beyond, in applications such as balancing renewable grid electricity via electrolytic fuel production. However, long-term performance degradation remains a key issue that may limit further implementation of O-SOECs, and the dependency of operation conditions on Faraday efficiency in P-SOECs has been under debate. In particular, in Ni/YSZ/pore electrode of O-SOEC, a phase-field model is proposed that employs the Ni-YSZ 3D microstructure as the initial condition and large-scale numerical simulation is implemented that predicts the directional Ni migration. The results are thus directly comparable to experimental observations. Quantitative predictions of the evolution of the Ni/YSZ/pore system's microstructures due to Ni particles' migration are studied through theoretical analysis and data analysis. In P-SOECs, an electrochemical model is proposed to study the dependency of Faraday efficiency on operation conditions for P-SOECs with yttrium-doped barium zirconates (BZY) and co-doping barium zirconate-cerate oxides with ytterbium and yttrium (BCZYYb) as electrolytes respectively. Our numerical predictions are verified by experimental results obtained in INL. An optimal structure of electrolyte is proposed to boost the Faraday efficiency in P-SOECs.
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Cao, Xiao Guo, and Hai Yan Zhang. "Development of Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) Cathode Materials." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 1802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.1802.

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Анотація:
Hydrogen generation through high temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) has recently received increasingly international interest in the large-scale, highly efficient nuclear hydrogen production field. To achieve cost competitive electrolysis cells that are both high performing i.e. minimum internal resistance of the cell, and long-term stable, it is critical to develop electrode materials that are optimal for steam electrolysis. In this paper, the cathode materials of SOEC are reviewed. Ni-YSZ and Ni-SDC/GDC cermets are promising cathode materials for SOEC working at high temperature. The solid oxide matierials are promising cathode materials for SOEC working in atmospheres with low content of H2,e.g. in smaller scale generators used intermittently without H2 purging. More works, both experimental and theoretical, are needed to further develop SOEC cathode materials.
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Yang, Zhibin, Ze Lei, Ben Ge, Xingyu Xiong, Yiqian Jin, Kui Jiao, Fanglin Chen, and Suping Peng. "Development of catalytic combustion and CO2 capture and conversion technology." International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 8, no. 3 (June 2021): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40789-021-00444-2.

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Анотація:
AbstractChanges are needed to improve the efficiency and lower the CO2 emissions of traditional coal-fired power generation, which is the main source of global CO2 emissions. The integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) process, which combines coal gasification and high-temperature fuel cells, was proposed in 2017 to improve the efficiency of coal-based power generation and reduce CO2 emissions. Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China, the IGFC for near-zero CO2 emissions program was enacted with the goal of achieving near-zero CO2 emissions based on (1) catalytic combustion of the flue gas from solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks and (2) CO2 conversion using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). In this work, we investigated a kW-level catalytic combustion burner and SOEC stack, evaluated the electrochemical performance of the SOEC stack in H2O electrolysis and H2O/CO2 co-electrolysis, and established a multi-scale and multi-physical coupling simulation model of SOFCs and SOECs. The process developed in this work paves the way for the demonstration and deployment of IGFC technology in the future.
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Zhao, Jianguo, Zihan Lin, and Mingjue Zhou. "Three-Dimensional Modeling and Performance Study of High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell with Metal Foam." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 9, 2022): 7064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127064.

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Анотація:
Optimizing the flow field of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) has a significant effect on improving performance. In this study, the effect of metal foam in high temperature SOEC electrolysis steam is investigated by a three-dimensional model. The simulation results show that the SOEC performance is improved by using metal foam as a gas flow field. The steam conversion rate of the SOEC increases from 72.21% to 76.18% and the diffusion flux of steam increases from 2.3 × 10−4 kg/(m2∙s) to 2.5 × 10−4 kg/(m2∙s) at 10,000 A/m2. In addition, the permeability, temperature, steam mole fraction, and gas utilization are investigated to understand the effect of the improved performance of the SOEC with metal foam. The results of this study provide a baseline for the optimal design of SOECs with metal foam.
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10

Ling, Yihan, Luyang Chen, Bin Lin, Weili Yu, Tayirjan T. Isimjan, Ling Zhao та Xingqin Liu. "Synthesis and characterization of a Sr0.95Y0.05TiO3−δ-based hydrogen electrode for reversible solid oxide cells". RSC Advances 5, № 22 (2015): 17000–17006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra11973h.

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Анотація:
Reversible solid oxide cells (RSOCs) can generate electricity as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) facing a shortage of electricity and can also store the electricity as solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) at the time of excessive electricity.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

1

Nelson, George Joseph. "Solid Oxide Cell Constriction Resistance Effects." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10563.

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Анотація:
Solid oxide cells are best known in the energy sector as novel power generation devices through solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), which enable the direct conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy and result in high efficiency power generation. However, solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) are receiving increased attention as a hydrogen production technology through high temperature electrolysis applications. The development of higher fidelity methods for modeling transport phenomena within solid oxide cells is necessary for the advancement of these key technologies. The proposed thesis analyzes the increased transport path lengths caused by constriction resistance effects in prevalent solid oxide cell designs. Such effects are so named because they arise from reductions in active transport area. Constriction resistance effects of SOFC geometry on continuum level mass and electronic transport through SOFC anodes are simulated. These effects are explored via analytic solutions of the Laplace equation with model verification achieved by computational methods such as finite element analysis (FEA). Parametric studies of cell geometry and fuel stream composition are performed based upon the models developed. These studies reveal a competition of losses present between mass and electronic transport losses and demonstrate the benefits of smaller SOFC unit cell geometry. Furthermore, the models developed for SOFC transport phenomena are applied toward the analysis of SOECs. The resulting parametric studies demonstrate that geometric configurations that demonstrate enhanced performance within SOFC operation also demonstrate enhanced performance within SOEC operation. Secondarily, the electrochemical degradation of SOFCs is explored with respect to delamination cracking phenomena about and within the critical electrolyte-anode interface. For thin electrolytes, constriction resistance effects may lead to the loss of electro-active area at both anode-electrolyte and cathode-electrolyte interfaces. This effect (referred to as masking) results in regions of unutilized electrolyte cross-sectional area, which can be a critical performance hindrance. Again analytic and computational means are employed in analyzing such degradation issues.
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2

Milobar, Daniel Gregory. "Analytical Study, One Dimensional Computational Simulation, and Optimization of an Electrode Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193404.

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Анотація:
A one dimensional mass transfer analysis was performed for convective transport as well as mass transport within a porous media. This analysis was based on the analogous average heat transfer within a duct. Equations were developed to calculate the concentration of gas species at the triple phase boundary sites present at the interface of a porous electrode and a nonporous electrolyte. The mass transport analyzed on the steam side electrode of a solid oxide electrolysis cell was performed for a ternary gas mixture. In this analysis two gas species were actively diffusing in the presence of a third inert carrier gas. Multicomponent diffusion coefficients were determined for each species in the steam side electrode mixture. The mass transport analysis performed on the air side electrode utilized a binary gas mixture, namely air. At less than one percent of the total mixture of air, the combined effects of Argon and Carbon Dioxide were assumed to be negligible. This assumption allowed us to consider air a binary mixture. A comprehensive model was developed to determine cell performance under various operating condition and multiple cell geometries. The output of this model was used to optimize various physical features of the cell. Tests were performed on electrode supported solid oxide electrolysis cells at the Idaho National Laboratory. These cells were subjected to various operating temperatures and inlet steam mole fractions. Voltage vs. current density experimental data were collected and compared to computational data in order to validate the model.
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3

JAVED, HASSAN. "Design, synthesis and characterization of glass-ceramic and ceramic based materials for solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) applications." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2743336.

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4

Mewafy, Basma. "Etude de surface d'électrodes Ni-cermet dans des conditions d'électrolyse à vapeur à température intermédiaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF041.

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Анотація:
Les cellules d'électrolyse à oxyde solide (SOEC) sont des dispositifs électrochimiques à haute température dans lesquels l'eau se dissocie en hydrogène et en oxygène sous un potentiel appliqué. La technologie SOEC offre un potentiel énorme pour la production future massive d’hydrogène et montre une grande dynamique pour devenir compétitive sur le plan commercial par rapport à d’autres technologies d’électrolyse (par exemple, l’électrolyse à membrane polymère ou alcaline), mieux établies mais plus coûteuses et moins efficaces. Ceci est principalement dû au fait que l'augmentation de la température de fonctionnement permet de réduire considérablement la demande en énergie électrique, ce qui permet des rendements de conversion d'énergie électrique à chimique élevés. À la baisse, les dispositifs des pays de l’Europe centrale et orientale jusqu’à présent ne sont toujours pas viables commercialement, principalement en raison de la difficulté à trouver des matériaux qui répondent aux exigences de haute performance et de durabilité aux températures de fonctionnement élevées. L'objectif général de cette thèse est de traiter les deux inconvénients majeurs qui entravent la pénétration de la technologie SOEC sur le marché de l'énergie, à savoir les taux de dégradation élevés et le coût des équipements. La dégradation de la voltage au cours du vieillissement de la cellule est l’indicateur de performance qui se traduit par une augmentation du overpotential qu’il faut appliquer à une cellule d’électrolyse afin de maintenir une production constante d’hydrogène
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC) are high temperature electrochemical devices where water dissociates to hydrogen and oxygen under an applied potential. SOEC technology has a huge potential for future mass production of hydrogen and shows great dynamics to become commercially competitive against other electrolysis technologies (e.g. alkaline or polymer membrane electrolysis), which are better established but more expensive and less efficient. This is mainly due to the fact that by increasing the operating temperature the demand in electrical energy is significantly reduced, allowing high electrical-to-chemical energy conversion efficiencies. On the downside, up to now SOECs devices are still not commercially viable mainly due to the difficulty to find materials that fulfill the high-performance and durability requirements at high operating temperatures. The general objective of this thesis is to deal with the two major drawbacks that hamper the penetration of SOEC technology in the energy market, namely high degradation rates and device cost. Voltage degradation during the ageing of the cell is the performance indicator which is translated in an increase on the overpotential that has to be applied to an electrolysis cell in order to maintain constant hydrogen production
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5

Tang, Shijie. "Development of Multiphase Oxygen-ion Conducting Electrolytes for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Scholarly Repository, 2007. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/112.

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Анотація:
One of the major trends of development of solid oxide fuel cells is to reduce the operating temperature from the high temperature range (>950°C) and intermediate temperature range (750-850°C) to the low temperature range (450-650°C). Development of low temperature oxygen ion conducting electrolytes is focused on single-phase materials including Bi2O3 and CeO2-based oxides. These materials have high ion conductivity at the low temperature range, but they are unstable in reducing environments and they are also electronic conductors. In the present research, three types of multiphase materials, Ce0.887Y0.113O1.9435 (CYO)-ZrO2, CYO- yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and CuO-CYO were investigated. We found that the conductivity of multiphase electrolyte CuO-CYO with a mass ratio of 1:3 is at least 4 times greater than that of CYO and 10 times greater than that of YSZ, the most commonly used material, obtained in the present experiments at 600°C. The enhancement of conductivity in multiphase materials correlates with the level of mismatch between the two phases. Large mismatches in terms of valance and structure result in high vacancy density and hence high oxygen ion conductivity at grain boundaries. This study demonstrates that synthesis of multiphase ceramic materials is a feasible new avenue for development of oxygen ion electrolyte material for low temperature SOFCs.
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6

ARAKAKI, ALEXANDER R. "Obtencao de ceramicas de ceria - samaria - gadolinia para aplicacao como eletrolito em celulas a combustivel de oxido solido (SOFC)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9506.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:06:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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7

Anghilante, Régis. "Flexibilisation and integration of solid oxide electrolysis units in power to synthetic natural gas plants." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0094.

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Анотація:
La technologie d’électrolyse à oxydes solides (SOE) pourrait permettre d’améliorer l’efficacité des installations de conversion d’électricité en gaz naturel de synthèse (SNG) et de réduire leur coût, grâce à une integration thermique performante, à l’industrialisation de la technologie et une flexibilisation des unités pour la pénétration de l’électricité renouvelable. Une analyse énergétique détaillée de trois concepts d’installations power-to-SNG innovants est d’abord réalisée avec une intégration thermique détailllée. Les installations intégrant des unités SOE et produisant du GNC ou du GNL présentent des rendements d’au moins 78,5% sur base PCS, bien plus élevés que pour les installations intégrant des unités d’électrolyse PEM qui produisent du GNC avec un rendement de 64,4%. La réponse thermique des unités SOE soumises à des variations de charge électrique est ensuite étudiée sur la base d’un modèle dynamique 1D à l’échelle d’une cellule (SOEC). Les cellules « électrolyte support » sont thermiquement plus stables que les « électrode support » et donc plus adaptées à des charges électriques variables. Le modèle est ensuite étendu à une unité entière de production et de stockage d’H2 et couplé à différents profils électriques. L’unité affiche une consommation énergétique de 3,4-3,8 kWh·Nm-3 H2 et un rendement élevé de l’électricité vers l’H2 (93-103%) par récupération de la vapeur de méthanation. Un dimensionnement du réservoir d’H2 et de l’unité de méthanation est réalisé avec un profil électrique éolien. Les charges électriques variables réduisent l’efficacité des installations power-to-SNG, en augmentent les coûts et en complexifient l’opération. Les installations multifuels semblent être l’option la plus prometteuse pour gérer l’intermittence de la production d’électricité. Etendre la gamme d’opération des SOECs aux modes exotherme et endotherme améliorerait les rendements de l’électricité vers l’H2 en comparaison au mode marche/arrêt. Pour une charge électrique constante, les SOECs doivent préférablement être opérées au thermoneutre ou en mode exotherme. Enfin, les coûts de production du SNG sont évalués, en commençant par une estimation ascendante des coûts d’investissement d’unités SOE. Les coûts de production du SNG des concepts étudiés vont de 82 à 89 €·MWh-1 CH4 (PCS) avec des unités SOE, valeurs plus faibles que pour des unités PEM, mais qui restent deux fois supérieures au prix moyen du gaz naturel en France
The solid oxide electrolysis technology (SOE) could improve the conversion efficiency of power-tosynthetic natural gas (SNG) plants and reduce their costs, provided that i) a performant thermal integration is implemented ii) the technology is implemented at industrial scale, and iii) plants can absorb the intermittency of renewable power sources. First, the energy analysis of three innovative power-to-SNG plant concepts is implemented. For each concept, a full explicit thermal integration is proposed. Plants with integrated SOE units show efficiencies higher than 78.5% (based on the HHV of the SNG) for the production of CNG and LNG, significantly higher than plants with PEM units with a 64.4% efficiency for CNG production. Second, the thermal response of SOE units to electrical power loads is investigated with a 1D dynamic model at the cell level (SOEC). Electrolyte support cells present a higher thermal stability than electrode support cells and should be preferred for fluctuating power applications. The model was then extended to a full H2 production and storage unit and coupled with different electrical power profiles. The units shows an energy consumption of 3.4-3.8 kWh·Nm-3 H2 and a high power-to-H2 conversion efficiency (93-103%) because of the steam recovery from the methanation unit. A first dimensioning of the H2 storage tank and the methanation unit is proposed, assuming a windmill power profile. Fluctuating power profiles reduce the efficiency of power-to-SNG plants, increase their costs and complexify their operation. Multifuel plants seem to be the most promising option to tackle the issue of intermittent power production. Extending the operation range of SOECs to exothermic and endothermic modes would improve power-to-H2 conversion efficiencies compared to on/off operation. In case of constant power load though, SOECs should preferably be operated at the thermoneutral point or in exothermic mode. Third, SNG production costs corresponding to the aforementioned plant concepts are evaluated, starting with a bottom-up cost evaluation of SOE units. The SNG production costs are in the range of 82-89 €·MWh-1 CH4 (HHV) with SOE units, which is lower than with PEM units, but remains two times higher than the average price of conventional natural gas for all sectors in France
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8

Udagawa, Jun. "Hydrogen production through steam electrolysis : model-based evaluation of an intermediate temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8310.

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Анотація:
Steam electrolysis using a solid oxide electrolysis cell at elevated temperatures might offer a solution to high electrical energy consumption associated with conventional water electrolysers through a combination of favourable thermodynamics and kinetics. Although the solid oxide electrolysis cell has not. received significant attention over the past several decades and is yet to be commercialised, there has been an increased interest towards such a technology in recent years, aimed at reducing the cost of electrolytic hydrogen. Here, a one-dimensional dynamic model of a planar cathode-supported intermediate temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell stack has' been developed to investigate the potential for hydrogen production using such an electrolyser. Steady state simulations have indicated that the electrical energy consumption of the modelled stack is significantly lower than those of water electrolysers commercially available today. However, the dependence of stack temperature on the operating point has suggested that there is a need for temperature control. Analysis of a possible temperature control strategy by variation of the air flow rate through the stack has shown that the resulting changes in the convective heat transfer between the air flow and stack can alter the stack temperature. Furthermore, simulated transient responses indicated that manipulation of such an air flow rate can reduce stack temperature excursions during dynamic operation, suggesting that the p,oposed control strategy. has a good potential to prevent issues related to the stack temperature fluctuations.
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9

Ricca, Chiara. "Combined theoretical and experimental study of the ionic conduction in oxide-carbonate composite materials as electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066623/document.

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Les composites oxyde-carbonate pourraient constituer des électrolytes pour les SOFC fonctionnant entre 400-600°C car ils attendent une conductivité de 0,1 S/cm à 600°C. Une meilleure compréhension de l'origine de leurs performances est à ce jour nécessaire. Pour y parvenir, une approche combinée théorique et expérimentale a été développée. La conductivité, mesurée à travers la SIE, a été étudiée en fonction de la phase oxyde ou carbonate et de l'atmosphère de travail. Les résultats sur les composite de CeO2 ou YSZ ont montré que seule l'interface peut expliquer des observations surprenantes. De la réactivité a été observée dans le cas des composites à base de TiO2. On a donc proposé une stratégie computationnelle qui utilise des calculs DFT périodiques: la structure du bulk de chaque phase a d'abord été étudiée afin de trouver un bon protocole computationnel, qui a été ensuite utilisé pour identifier un modèle pour la surface la plus stable des deux phases. Ces modèles de surfaces ont donc été combinés pour obtenir un modèle de l'interface oxyde-carbonate, utilisable comme structure de départ pour des calculs DFT et de DM. Cette stratégie a permis d'obtenir des informations sur structure, stabilité et propriétés électroniques des composites. YSZ-LiKCO3 a été utilisé pour mieux comprendre l'effet des interfaces sur le transport de différentes espèces, tandis que le modèle de l'interface entre TiO2 et LiKCO3 a été utilisé pour étudier la réactivité entre ces deux matériaux. Finalement, ces résultats ouvrent la voie vers une plus grande compréhension des principes de fonctionnement des SOFC basées sur les électrolytes composites oxyde-carbonate
Oxide-carbonate composites are promising electrolytes for LT-SOFC, thanks to their high conductivity (0.1-1 S/cm at 600°C). A deeper understanding on the origins of their improved performances is still necessary. For this purpose, a combined theoretical and experimental approach was developed. We first studied systematically the conductivity of the material, measured through EIS, as a function of different oxide or carbonate phases and of the operating atmosphere. Results on YSZ- and CeO2-based materials indicate that by only taking into account the interfaces it is possible to rationalize some surprising observations, while reactivity issues have been observed for TiO2-carbonate composites. We then proposed a computational strategy based on periodic DFT calculations: we first studied the bulk structure of each phase so as to select an adequate computational protocol, which has then been used to identify a suitable model of the most stable surface for each phase. These surface models have thus been combined to obtain a model of the oxide-carbonate interface that through static DFT and MD provides a deeper insight on the interface at the atomic level. This strategy was applied to provide information on the structure, stability and electronic properties of the interface. YSZ-LiKCO3 was used as a case study to investigate the conduction mechanisms of different species. Results showed a strong influence of the interfaces on the transport properties. The TiO2-LiKCO3 model was, instead, used to investigate the reactivity of these materials. Overall, these results pave the way toward a deeper understanding of the basic operating principles of SOFC based on these materials
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10

Sharma, Vivek Inder. "Degradation mechanisms in La₀.₈Sr₀.₂CoO₃ as oxygen electrode bond layer in solid oxide electrolytic cells (SOECs)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57886.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-104).
High temperature steam electrolysis is an efficient process and a promising technology to convert electricity and steam or a mixture of steam and CO₂, into H₂ or syn-gas (H₂2 + CO) respectively. It is carried out in Solid Oxide Electrolytic Cells (SOECs). At the high temperature of operation, above 8000[degree] C, loss in the rate of hydrogen (or syn gas) production by SOECs has been observed. This loss of performance has been a scientific and technological challenge. The goal of this thesis is to identify the mechanisms for the loss in the electrochemical performance of SOECs due to the oxygen electrode and bond layer degradation. Our specific research objectives were focused on two main mechanisms: 1) Cr transport into the oxygen electrode and bond layer, and 2) Long-range segregation of cations in the bond layer. For SOECs provided by Ceramatec Inc. for this analysis, La₀.₈Sr₀.₂CoO₃ (LSC) was the bond layer and A₀.₈Sr₀.₂MnO₃ (ASM*) was the oxygen electrode, both comprised of perovskite structure. The approach in thesis integrated complementary spectroscopy and microscopy techniques in a novel manner to carry out the 'post-mortem' analysis of SOECs from a high level to a high resolution. Raman spectroscopy was employed to identify secondary phases on the top surface of LSC near the interconnect interphase. Surface chemistry and microstructure of the air electrode and the bond layer was studied using scanning Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) with nano-probe capability.
(cont.) High-resolution analysis of the cation distribution in the bulk of the LSC bond layer was achieved by employing Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) coupled with Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). Electrochemical treatment and characterization was performed to isolate the mechanism(s) governing the long-range segregation of cations, leading to the dissociation of the LSC bond layer. Less-conducting, secondary phases of Cr₂O₃, LaCrO₃, La₂CrO₆ and Co₃0₄ were identified on the top surface of LSC bond layer. The bond layer exhibited: 1) presence of Cr, with average Cr-fraction of approximately 0.07 at the surface of its grains, and 2) surface composition variation locally, with La/Co ranging widely from 0.67 to 16.37 compared to the stoichiometric La/Co value of 0.8. Sr and Co cations migrated from the bond layer structure to the LSC/interconnect interface, over a distance of 10-20 microns. Furthermore, STEM/EDX results showed the presence of phase separated regions at the nano-scale rich in Cr and La but lacking Co, and vice-versa. This indicates the dissociation of bond layer bulk structure at nano-scale. Cr fraction in LSC bulk varied from 10 to 33%, which is higher than the average Cr-content at the surface of LSC grains. The maximum Sr fraction observed in LSC bulk was 4.16%, confirming the migration of Sr to LSC/interconnect interface.
(cont.) We hypothesize that the long-range transport of Sr, Co, and Cr cations can be caused by two primary mechanisms: 1) Driven by Cr-related thermodynamics, where the Crcontaning species (i.e. at the vicinity of the interconnect) could thermodynamically favor the presence of select cations (i.e. Sr and Co) at the region interfacing the interconnect. 2) Driven by the electronic or oxygen ion current. To test these hypotheses and to isolate the governing mechanism, we simulated controlled electrochemical conditions on reference cells having ASM electrodes coated with LSC, on both sides of SSZ electrolyte, without any Cr-containing layers on the LSC bond layer. The reference cells degraded even in the absence of Cr. AES results showed that the microstructure and surface composition of the reference cells stayed stable and uniform upon the electrochemical treatment, in spite of the degradation. Thus, this thesis concludes that the Cr-related thermodynamics could be the dominant mechanism driving the uneven dissociation and segregation of cations in LSC as observed in the stack cells. As a mechanism for Cr-deposition in the LSC bond layer, we suggest that a thermodynamically-favored reaction between the La-enriched phase (at the surface of the LSC grains) and the volatile Cr-species (Cr0₃ and CrO₂(OH)) is responsible for the formation of poorly-conducting secondary phases. This interaction is likely to be limited by the presence of the segregated La-O-species which can serve as a nucleation agent for this reaction.
by Vivek Inder Sharma.
S.M.
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Книги з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

1

International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (10th 2007 Nara, Japan). Solid oxide fuel cells 10: (SOFC-X). Edited by Eguchi K and Electrochemical Society. Pennington, N.J: Electrochemical Society, 2007.

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International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (6th 1999 Honolulu, Hawaii). Solid oxide fuel cells: (SOFC VI) : proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium. Edited by Singhal Subhash C, Dokiya M, Electrochemical Society. High Temperature Materials Division., Electrochemical Society Battery Division, and SOFC Society of Japan. Pennington, NJ: Electrochemical Society, 1999.

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Частини книг з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

1

Keane, Michael, and Prabhakar Singh. "Silver-Palladium Alloy Electrodes for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC)." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells VIII, 93–103. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118217481.ch9.

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2

Trini, M., S. De Angelis, P. S. Jørgensen, A. Hauch, M. Chen, and P. V. Hendriksen. "Phase Field Modelling of Microstructural Changes in NI/YSZ Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Electrodes." In Proceeding of the 42nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, 165–76. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119543343.ch16.

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3

Wu, Szu-Han, Jing-Kai Lin, Wei-Hong Shiu, Chien-Kuo Liu, Tai-Nan Lin, Ruey-Yi Lee, Huan-Chan Ting, Hung-Hsiang Lin, and Yung-Neng Cheng. "Performance Test for Anode-Supported And Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Under Different Current Densities." In Proceeding of the 42nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, 139–48. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119543343.ch13.

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4

Paczona, David, Christoph Sejkora, and Thomas Kienberger. "Reversible solid oxide cell systems as key elements of achieving flexibility in future energy systems." In High-Temperature Electrolysis, 19–1. IOP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/978-0-7503-3951-3ch19.

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5

Elangovan, S., Joseph Hartvigsen, J. Stephen Herring, Paul Lessing, James E. O'Brien, and Carl Stoots. "Hydrogen Production through High-temperature Electrolysis in a Solid Oxide Cell." In Nuclear Science, 183–200. OECD, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264107717-15-en.

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6

Deseure, Jonathan, and Jérôme Aicart. "Solid Oxide Steam Electrolyzer: Gas Diffusion Steers the Design of Electrodes." In Electrodialysis. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90352.

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The hydrogen production by SOECs coupled with renewable energy sources is a promising route for the sustainability hydrogen economy. Multiphysics computing simulations appear to be the most efficient approaches to analyze the coupled mechanisms of SOEC operation. Using a relevant model, it is possible to predict the electrical behavior of solid oxide electrodes considering the current collector design. The influences of diffusion and grain diameter on cell performances can be investigated through 2D simulations, current–voltage characteristics, and current source distribution through electrodes. The simulation results emphasize that diffusion is linked to a relocation of the reaction away from the interface electrolyte/electrode, in the volume of the cathode. Furthermore, the current collector proves itself to be a great obstacle to gas access, inducing underneath it a shortage of steam. Inducing gradients of grain diameters in both anode and cathode drives the current sources to occur close to the electrode/electrolyte interface, thus decreasing ohmic losses and facilitating gas access. This approach shows the crucial importance of cathode microstructure as this electrode controls the cell response.
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Bhichaiphab, Jinjutha, Dang Saebea, Amornchai Arpornwichanop, and Yaneeporn Patcharavorachot. "Operational Analysis of a Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell for Synthetic Fuel Production." In 31st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, 215–20. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-88506-5.50035-8.

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8

Chen, Shih-Chieh, and Jyh-Cheng Jeng. "Design and analysis of fuel-assisted solid oxide electrolysis cell combined with biomass gasifier for hydrogen production." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2113–18. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-85159-6.50352-3.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

1

Park, Kwangjin, Yu-Mi Kim, and Joongmyeon Bae. "Performance Behavior for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2009-85071.

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The performance behavior of solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) was investigated. Initial performance of the cell as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) mode at 800°C was measured as 0.15 W/cm2. The SOEC showed the stable performance during 5 hours operation at −0.15A/cm2. The power for electrolysis was increased during the first 30 minutes operation due to the increase of internal resistance of the cell. After 5 hours operation, the degradation rate of SOEC performance was about 3% due to redox reaction of hydrogen electrode.
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2

Sohal, M. S., J. E. O’Brien, C. M. Stoots, V. I. Sharma, B. Yildiz, and A. Virkar. "Degradation Issues in Solid Oxide Cells During High Temperature Electrolysis." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33332.

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Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is performing high-temperature electrolysis (HTE) research to generate hydrogen using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). The project goals are to address the technical and degradation issues associated with the SOECs. This paper provides a summary of ongoing INL and INL-sponsored activities aimed at addressing SOEC degradation. These activities include stack testing, post-test examination, degradation modeling, and issues that need to be addressed in the future. Major degradation issues relating to solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are relatively better understood than those for SOECs. Some of the degradation mechanisms in SOFCs include contact problems between adjacent cell components, microstructural deterioration (coarsening) of the porous electrodes, and blocking of the reaction sites within the electrodes. Contact problems include delamination of an electrode from the electrolyte, growth of a poorly (electronically) conducting oxide layer between the metallic interconnect plates and the electrodes, and lack of contact between the interconnect and the electrode. INL’s test results on HTE using solid oxide cells do not provide clear evidence as to whether different events lead to similar or drastically different electrochemical degradation mechanisms. Post-test examination of the SOECs showed that the hydrogen electrode and interconnect get partially oxidized and become nonconductive. This is most likely caused by the hydrogen stream composition and flow rate during cooldown. The oxygen electrode side of the stacks seemed to be responsible for the observed degradation because of large areas of electrode delamination. Based on the oxygen electrode appearance, the degradation of these stacks was largely controlled by the oxygen electrode delamination rate. Virkar et al. [19–22] have developed a SOEC model based on concepts in local thermodynamic equilibrium in systems otherwise in global thermodynamic nonequilibrium. This model is under continued development. It shows that electronic conduction through the electrolyte, however small, must be taken into account for determining local oxygen chemical potential within the electrolyte. The chemical potential within the electrolyte may lie out of bounds in relation to values at the electrodes in the electrolyzer mode. Under certain conditions, high pressures can develop in the electrolyte just under the oxygen electrode (anode)/electrolyte interface, leading to electrode delamination. This theory is being further refined and tested by introducing some electronic conduction in the electrolyte.
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3

Nelson, George, and Comas Haynes. "Parametric Studies of Constriction Resistance Effects Upon Solid Oxide Cell Transport Phenomena." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15100.

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The competition between mass transfer and electronic resistance effects arising from solid oxide cell interconnect geometry has been initially explored through parametric studies based on a design of experiments (DOE) approach. These studies have demonstrated the advantages of smaller interconnect-fuel stream total width and the increased dominance of mass transport as a limiting factor at low fuel stream hydrogen compositions. In addition to the direct effects of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnect geometry on mass and electronic transport phenomena, the compounded effects of fuel stream concentration and cell current loading are considered. Finally, the parametric studies conducted for SOFC operation have been applied to the operation of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). These additional studies have demonstrated that interconnect designs that benefit SOFC performance are mutually beneficial for SOEC performance.
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4

Hawkes, Grant, Jim O’Brien, Carl Stoots, Steve Herring, and Mehrdad Shahnam. "Thermal and Electrochemical Three Dimensional CFD Model of a Planar Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72565.

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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been created to model high-temperature steam electrolysis in a planar solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The model represents a single cell, as it would exist in an electrolysis stack. Details of the model geometry are specific to a stack that was fabricated by Ceramatec, Inc. and tested at the Idaho National Laboratory. Mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation and transport are provided via the core features of the commercial CFD code FLUENT. A solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) model adds the electrochemical reactions and loss mechanisms and computation of the electric field throughout the cell. The FLUENT SOFC user-defined subroutine was modified for this work to allow for operation in the SOEC mode. Model results provide detailed profiles of temperature, Nernst potential, operating potential, anode-side gas composition, cathode-side gas composition, current density and hydrogen production over a range of stack operating conditions. Mean model results are shown to compare favorably with experimental results obtained from an actual ten-cell stack tested at INL.
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5

Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., H. B. Yim, and J. M. Bae. "Electrochemical Performance of Ni-YSZ, Ni/Ru-GDC, LSM-YSZ, LSCF and LSF Electrodes for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33017.

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The electrochemical performance of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) having nickel – yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) hydrogen electrode and a composite lanthanum strontium manganite – YSZ (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3−δ – YSZ) oxygen electrodes has been studied over a range of operating conditions temperature (700 to 900°C). Increasing temperature significantly increased electrochemical performance and hydrogen generation efficiency. Durability studies of the cell in electrolysis mode were made over 200 h periods (0.1 A/cm2, 800°C, and H2O/H2 = 70/30). The cell significantly degraded over the time (2.5 mV/h). Overpotentials of various SOEC electrodes were evaluated. Ni-YSZ as a hydrogen electrode exhibited higher activity in SOFC mode than SOEC mode while Ni/Ru-GDC presented symmetrical behavior between fuel cell and electrolysis mode and gave lower losses when compared to the Ni-YSZ electrode. All the oxygen electrodes gave higher activity for the cathodic reaction than the anodic reaction. Among the oxygen electrodes in this study, LSM-YSZ exhibited nearest to symmetrical behavior between cathodic and anodic reaction. Durability studies of the electrodes in electrolysis mode were made over 20–70 h periods. Performance degradations of the oxygen electrodes were observed (3.4, 12.6 and 17.6 mV/h for LSM-YSZ, LSCF and LSF, respectively). The Ni-YSZ hydrogen electrode exhibited rather stable performance while the performance of Ni/Ru-GDC decreased (3.4 mV/h) over the time. This was likely a result of the reduction of ceria component at high operating voltage.
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6

Hawkes, Grant, and Russell Jones. "CFD Model of a Planar Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell: Base Case and Variations." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32310.

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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been created to model high-temperature steam electrolysis in a planar solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The model represents a single cell, as it would exist in an electrolysis stack. Details of the model geometry are specific to a stack that was fabricated by Ceramatec, Inc. and tested at the Idaho National Laboratory. Mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation and transport are provided via the core features of the commercial CFD code FLUENT. A solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) module adds the electrochemical reactions and loss mechanisms and computation of the electric field throughout the cell. The FLUENT SOFC user-defined subroutine was modified for this work to allow for operation in the SOEC mode. Model results provide detailed profiles of temperature, Nernst potential, operating potential, activation over-potential, anode-side gas composition, cathode-side gas composition, current density and hydrogen production over a range of stack operating conditions. Mean model results are shown to compare favorably with experimental results obtained from an actual ten-cell stack tested at INL. Mean per-cell area-specific-resistance (ASR) values decrease with increasing current density, consistent with experimental data. Predicted mean outlet hydrogen and steam concentrations vary linearly with current density, as expected. Effects of variations in operating temperature, gas flow rate, cathode and anode exchange current density, and contact resistance from the base case are presented. Discussion of thermal neutral voltage, enthalpy of reaction, hydrogen production, cell thermal efficiency, cell electrical efficiency, and Gibbs free energy are discussed and reported herein.
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7

Hawkes, Grant L., James E. O’Brien, and Greg G. Tao. "3D CFD Electrochemical and Heat Transfer Model of an Internally Manifolded Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62582.

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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and electrochemical model has been created to model high-temperature electrolysis cell performance and steam electrolysis in an internally manifolded planar solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack. This design is being evaluated experimentally at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) for hydrogen production from nuclear power and process heat. Mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation are numerically solved by means of the commercial CFD code FLUENT. A solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) model adds the electrochemical reactions and loss mechanisms and computation of the electric field throughout the cell. The FLUENT SOFC user-defined subroutine was modified for this work to allow for operation in the SOEC mode. Model results provide detailed profiles of temperature, operating potential, steam-electrode gas composition, oxygen-electrode gas composition, current density and hydrogen production over a range of stack operating conditions. Results will be presented for a five-cell stack configuration that simulates the geometry of five-cell stack tests performed at the INL and at Materials and System Research, Inc. (MSRI). Results will also be presented for a single cell that simulates conditions in the middle of a large stack. Flow enters the stack from the bottom, distributes through the inlet plenum, flows across the cells, gathers in the outlet plenum and flows downward making an upside-down “U” shaped flow pattern. Flow and concentration variations exist downstream of the inlet holes. Predicted mean outlet hydrogen and steam concentrations vary linearly with current density, as expected. Contour plots of local electrolyte temperature, current density, and Nernst potential indicate the effects of heat transfer, reaction cooling/heating, and change in local gas composition. Results are discussed for using this design in the electrolysis mode. Discussion of thermal neutral voltage, enthalpy of reaction, hydrogen production, cell thermal efficiency, cell electrical efficiency, and Gibbs free energy are discussed and reported herein.
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8

Hawkes, Grant, and James O’Brien. "3D CFD Electrochemical and Heat Transfer Model of an Integrated-Planar Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68866.

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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) electrochemical model has been created to assess high-temperature electrolysis performance of an Integrated Planar porous-tube-supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (IP-SOEC). The model includes ten integrated planar cells in a segmented-in-series geometry deposited on a flattened ceramic support tube. Mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation and transport are provided via the core features of the commercial CFD code FLUENT. A solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) module adds the electrochemical reactions and loss mechanisms and computation of the electric field throughout the cell. The FLUENT SOFC user-defined subroutine was modified for this work to allow for operation in the SOEC mode. Model results provide detailed profiles of temperature, Nernst potential, operating potential, activation over-potential, anode-side gas composition, cathode-side gas composition, current density and hydrogen production over a range of stack operating conditions. Predicted mean outlet hydrogen and steam concentrations vary linearly with current density, as expected. Contour plots of local electrolyte temperature, current density, and Nernst potential indicated the effects of heat transfer, endothermic reaction, Ohmic heating, and change in local gas composition. Results are discussed for using this design in the electrolysis mode. Discussion of thermal neutral voltage, enthalpy of reaction, hydrogen production is reported herein. Predictions show negative pressure in the H2 electrode, indicating a possible limit of H2O diffusion through the ceramic tube. Minimum temperatures occur in the fuel and air downstream corner of the ceramic tube for voltages below the thermal neutral point.
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9

Kang, Juhyun, Joonguen Park, and Joongmyeon Bae. "3-Dimensional Numerical Analysis of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC) Steam Electrolysis Operation for Hydrogen Production." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6368.

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Hydrogen is a resource that provides energy and forms water only after reacting with oxygen. Because there are no emissions such as greenhouse gases when hydrogen is converted to produce energy, it is considered one of the most important energy resources for addressing the problems of global warming and air pollution. Additionally, hydrogen can be useful for constructing “smart grid” infrastructure because electrical energy from other renewable energy sources can be stored in the form of chemical energy by electrolyzing water, creating hydrogen. Among the many hydrogen generation systems, solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have attracted considerable attention as advanced water electrolysis systems because of their high energy conversion efficiency and low use of electrical energy. To find the relationship between operating conditions and the performance of SOECs, research has been conducted both experimentally, using actual SOEC cells, and numerically, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this investigation, we developed a 3-D simulation model to analyze the relationship between the operating conditions and the overall behavior of SOECs due to different contributions to the over-potential. All SOECs involve the transfer of mass, momentum, species, and energy, and these properties are correlated. Furthermore, all of these properties have a direct influence on the concentration of the gases in the electrodes, the pressure, the temperature and the current density. Therefore, the conservation equations for mass, momentum, species, and energy should be included in the simulation model to calculate all terms in the transfer of mass, heat and fluid. In this simulation model, the transient term was neglected because the steady state was assumed. All governing equations were calculated using Star-CD (CD Adapco, U.S). The source terms in the governing equations were calculated with in-house code, i.e., user defined functions (UDF), written in FORTRAN 77, and these were linked to the Star-CD solver to calculate the transfer processes. Simulations were performed with various cathode inlet gas compositions, anode inlet gas compositions, cathode thickness, and electrode porosity to identify the main parameters related to performance.
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10

Milobar, Daniel G., Peiwen Li, and James E. O’Brien. "Analytical Study, 1-D Optimization Modeling, and Testing of Electrode Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18261.

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The need for an infrastructure to provide hydrogen as a next generation energy carrier is ever increasing. High temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have been proven to be a viable technology in the production of hydrogen [1]. With the increasing use of SOECs in various operating environments it is important to be able to specify the best SOEC for any given situation. We have developed a straightforward model to estimate cell performance in a timely and inexpensive manner. Composite electrode planer type SOEC models have been developed previously. It is a common assumption that all electrochemical reactions in these cells occur at the interface of the electrolyte and the electrode [2]. It has been shown by S. Gewies et al. [3] that the reactions occurring throughout a Ni/YSZ cermet electrode occur in a nonlinear fashion. Our one dimensional model has been developed to optimize SOECs with composite electrodes. This model takes into account ohmic, activation, and concentration polarizations. The electrochemical reaction that occurs within the electrode functional layers has been accounted for in the calculation of the concentration polarization. This is believed to give a more realistic view of the mass transfer that occurs in SOECs with composite electrodes via a simple and straightforward 1-D model.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)"

1

Yildiz, B., J. Smith, and T. Sofu. Thermal-fluid and electrochemical modeling and performance study of a planar solid oxide electrolysis cell : analysis on SOEC resistances, size, and inlet flow conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/934425.

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2

Jamieson, Matthew. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOEC) operations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1922944.

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3

J.E. O'Brien, X. Zhang, R.C. O'Brien, and G.L. Hawkes. Summary Report on Solid-oxide Electrolysis Cell Testing and Development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1042374.

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4

Kathy Lu and Jr W. T. Reynolds. Gradient Meshed and Toughened SOEC (Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell) Composite Seal with Self-Healing Capabilities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/981927.

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5

Tao, Greg, G. A Reversible Planar Solid Oxide Fuel-Fed Electrolysis Cell and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Hydrogen and Electricity Production Operating on Natural Gas/Biomass Fuels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/934689.

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6

Hellstrom, E. E. A study of perovskite electrolytes and electrodes for intermediate - temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) applications. Final report, June 1, 1991--December 31, 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/542064.

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