Дисертації з теми "Solid electrode Interface"
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Yada, Chihiro. "Studies on electrode/solid electrolyte interface of all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144024.
Повний текст джерела0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第12338号
工博第2667号
新制||工||1377(附属図書館)
24174
UT51-2006-J330
京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻
(主査)教授 小久見 善八, 教授 江口 浩一, 教授 田中 功
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Foster, Simon Edward. "Routes to interfacial deposition of platinum microparticles in solid polymer fuel cells." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/28053.
Повний текст джерелаYamate, Shigeki. "Studies on Effects of Solid Electrolyte Interface on Negative Electrode Properties for Lithium-ion Batteries." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225963.
Повний текст джерелаKonno, Akio. "Novel Performance Enhancement Method by Mesoscale-Structure Control of Electrode-Electrolyte Interface in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142566.
Повний текст джерелаObadero, Abayomi Samuel. "Intercalation dans les matériaux graphitiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALY024.
Повний текст джерелаAs humanity grapples with the pressing challenge of greenhouse gas emissions, the significance of sustainable energy solutions becomes increasingly evident. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, hailed as a promising avenue for electricity energy storage,which is critical for embedded electronics, electric transportation, and irregular production from renewable sources such as wind, geothermal, solar. e.t.c. However, their widespread adoption hinges on two main critical factors such as the non-availability of Li in the Earth’s crust and its difficulty in extraction. Hence, its supply may lead to future conflicts. Apart from these, Li-ion batteries are required to store more energy, that is, have better capacity and also charge quickly. Perhaps, the high capacity requirement of Li-ion batteries could possibly be met by investigating into the key components of Li-ion, specifically the Anode (negative) and Cathode (positive) electrodes. These electrodes host the Li-ions that move in opposite direction to electric current during charge and discharge. Within this framework, the study of graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) emerges as a pivotal field, offering insights into enhancing the capacity of specifically the Anode electrode where graphite is the host material, hence the name GIC.Basically, GIC which belongs to layered materials, involves the regular insertion of guest atoms, ions, or molecule between the layers of graphite. In the context of GIC, both theoretical and experimental work have been carried out in a bid to understand and tackle the challenges faced with Li-ion batteries. For instance, researchers have tried to explore the use other Alkali Metals (AM) which are readily available such as Na, and K as substitutes for Li. However, the formers seems to have reduced capacity, particularly in the case Na, where fully Sodiated compound has been known not to form. Furthermore, while fully Lithiated materials of Li-GIC have been well studied and characterized, phenomena at dilute or low concentration regime remains elusive. Similar to the case of Li, little or no information about the dilute regime has been known for K-GIC. In fact, K has been reported to occupy graphite gallery in a disordered manner without any established stoichiometry between C and K. Furthermore in this regime, questions like (i) the local environment evolution of AM as a function of concentration, (ii) the AM content at which pristine graphite stacking (AB or Bernal) transit to the fully lithiated (AA or hexagonal) stacking during lithiation,(iii) the mechanism driving intercalation, and many more are still open questions in the field of Alkali Metal Graphite Intercalation Compound (AM-GIC).Therefore in this thesis manuscript, we conducted an extensive numerical study on both Li-GIC and K-GIC from the dense phase to dilute phases using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) formalism. The aim of this work is to understand the intercalation of AM (Li, Na, and K) into graphite with a particular emphasis on the dilute regime. Although with our DFT tool, we realized that not much calculations could be performed with Na due to its computational cost. Therefore, we focused on Li and K for which different behavior is reported in experiments. Hence pointing to different mechanisms at the atomic scale that we aim to capture with our approach. Using the DFT tool, we have shown that the interaction between Li and K in the graphite gallery is not merely electrostatic as assumed so far. Furthermore in the dilute regime, AM locally deforms the graphite sheet to avoid an over-compression by C atoms. This structural deformation is different in AB and AA graphite. We have used this observed structural difference between AB and AA graphite to substantiate the transition from AB to AA stacking during Li intercalation based on the total energy calculations from DFT
Tchakalov, Rossen. "Engineering and optimization of electrode/electrolyte interfaces to increase solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) performances." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLM001.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, we have established an industrial fabrication protocol for single fuel cells with either architectured or planar electrode/electrolyte interfaces. We have demonstrated that in two types of samples, differing in materials, microstructure, number of layers, and architecture location, the architecturation of the electrode/electrolyte interface results in a highly significant performance increase. Polarization measurements and EIS are used to study the electrochemical performances of the cells, to compare the architectured and planar ones. We isolate the influence of the architecturation on global impedance spectra by using an innovative comparison method based on the study of the relative gaps of the frequency-dependent resistance parts. Thus, the architecturation has a strongly favorable influence on the electrochemical performances by enhancing the catalytic capabilities of the electrodes as well as the charge transfer (and in particular the ion transfer) within the cell. The architecturation induces a 60 % increase of the maximum power density for the Type I cells and 75% for the Type II cells
Feng, Shi. "Elucidation of hydrogen oxidation kinetics on metal/proton conductor interface." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48941.
Повний текст джерелаGuille, Emilie. "Approche coupl´ee exp´erience/th´eorie des interfaces ´electrode/´electrolyte dans les microbatteries au lithium : application au syst`eme LixPOyNz/Si." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3045/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn order to overcome the safety issues induced by the use of liquid electrolytes, Li-ion batteries involving solid electrolytes have been considered, leading to an ‘all-solid’ kind of devices, commonly called microbatteries. For such devices, studies on the limiting processes that take place at electrode/electrolyte interfaces need to be done, to understand the electrochemical phenomenons likely to occur at the atomic scale, similarly to the well-known SEI formation. In this goal, methods of computational chemistry can provide both explanatory and predictive breakthroughs. The present work takes part in those issues by intending a study of electrode/electrolyte interfaces, considering LixPOyNz as the solid electrolyte material. Owing to the amorphous structuration of this system, the first barrier to break consists in the search for a suitable model, able to reproduce its real XPS electronic properties. Modelling of XPS spectra has both lead to propose a model of the electrolyte and highlight the possible existence of a new coordinence for nitrogen atoms, up to now unconsidered experimentally. Complementary calculations of Raman spectra, thermodynamic and kinetic data tend to evidence this coordinence, leading to a refinement of the commonly considered diffusion scheme. Finally, this structural model has been used to simulate an electrode/electrolyte interface (LixPOyNz/Si), with the particular aim of studying its adsorption on the electrode and the Li-ion diffusion through the interface
Ciosek, Högström Katarzyna. "The Complex Nature of the Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in Li-ion Batteries : Towards Understanding the Role of Electrolytes and Additives Using Photoelectron Spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Strukturkemi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-219336.
Повний текст джерелаDussart, Thibaut. "Batterie lithium tout solide : augmentation de la densité de courant critique et procédé innovant de fabrication." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS396.
Повний текст джерелаThe first axis of this study focused on the increase in the critical current density achievable in symmetrical cells by modifying certain parameters such as the microstructure, the interface with lithium, or the pressure evaluated. We have shown that even a low pressure on the cells modifies the interface between the solid electrolyte and lithium even in the case of an oxide-based electrolyte; an improvement in ASR is observed when the pressure is increased. An ASR as low as 5 Ω.cm2 has been obtained and a critical current density of 350 µA.cm-2 has thus been achieved. The second axis of this work focused on the study, implementation, and optimization of a sintering process allowing densification at low temperature (120 °C): the cold sintering process. The dissolution/precipitation processes are made possible by the addition of a liquid phase that partly evaporates during sintering and by the application of a pressure of several hundred MPa. We have shown that LLZO solid electrolyte can be densified by adding DMF as the liquid phase. The conductivity measured on the electrolyte can be improved by adding about 4% by weight of a polymer/lithium salt mixture. Thus, a conductivity of 2.2 × 10-4 S.cm-1 can be obtained at 25 ° C. Then we showed that a temperature as low as 120 ° C allows LLZO and an electrode material to co-sinter without the formation of a secondary phase
Hu, Qichao. "Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces in Solid Polymer Lithium Batteries." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10187.
Повний текст джерелаEngineering and Applied Sciences
Boulenouar-Mohamedi, Fatma Zohra. "Étude de l'oxydation anodique de l'hydrogène à l'interface métal/zircone stabilisée à haute température (métal=platine, nickel, cuivre)." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0055.
Повний текст джерелаPan, Jie. "UNDERSTANDING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION IN LITHIUM ION BATTERIES THROUGH MULTI-SCALE MODELING." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/62.
Повний текст джерелаGrosselin, Nadège. "Mise au point d'une technique voltampérométrique pour la caractérisation de particules individuelles conductrices de quelques dizaines de microns : application à l'étude de l'adsorption des ions argent et mercure ainsi que du thymol sur la pyrite." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10142.
Повний текст джерелаArmand, Dominique. "Etude du rôle des structures cristallines intrinsèque et induite du platine sur l'électrosorption de l'hydrogène et de l'oxygène en milieu acide." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066073.
Повний текст джерелаElahi, A. "Plasma electrochemistry : electron transfer at the solid/gas interface." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1427871/.
Повний текст джерелаWalls, Michael Gerard. "Electron energy-loss spectroscopy of surfaces and interfaces." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254503.
Повний текст джерелаRen, Hao. "First principles simulations of electron transport at the molecule-solid interface." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk kemi (stängd 20110512), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12870.
Повний текст джерелаQC20100630
Kiely, C. J. "An electron microscopy study of some metal-semiconductor interfaces." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375011.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Ying. "Fabrication of Nanostructured Electrodes and Interfaces Using Combustion CVD." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7937.
Повний текст джерелаHirayama, Tsukasa, Takeharu Kato, Syunta Mizuno, and Takayoshi Tanji. "Electron Holography of Hetero-Interfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14326.
Повний текст джерелаWalsh, Caroline Annabelle. "Modelling and interpretation of electron energy-loss spectra from interfaces." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316804.
Повний текст джерелаTanji, Takayoshi, Hiroshi Moritomo, Tetsuo Shimura, Takeharu Kato, and Tsukasa Hirayama. "Electron Holography of a Hetero-Interface in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." Cambridge University Press, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10298.
Повний текст джерелаPengpad, Atip. "Electron spectroscopy of surfaces and interfaces for novel solid state photovoltaic cells." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/electron-spectroscopy-of-surfaces-and-interfaces-for-novel-solid-state-photovoltaic-cells(d4b15a1d-085c-497b-8b60-6b49987e6d12).html.
Повний текст джерелаBennett, Raffeal A. "Characterization of the Solid-Electrolyte Interface on Sn Film Electrodes by Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399048324.
Повний текст джерелаChhor, Sarine. "Etude et modélisation de l'interface graphite/électrolyte dans les batteries lithium-ion." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI067/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work relates to the lithium ion battery field. The purpose of this study is tobetter understand the behavior of graphite electrodes by focusing on the formationof a passive layer named Solid Electolyte Interface (SEI) which is formed at thegraphite/electrolyte interface. This work has led us to put forward models whichcan explain the SEI formation and identify the reactions which take place in alithium ion battery.The SEI results from reactions between graphite electrode, lithium ions and organicmolecules from the electrolyte during the first charge of the lithium ion battery. It ismainly composed of decomposition products from the electrolyte. Consumed lithiumions can no longer be used in the next cycle. The SEI is therefore responsible for theirreversible capacity during the first formation cycle which is the charge loss betweenthe intercalation process and the deintercalation process. It is necessary to betterunderstand the impact of the formation conditions and other parameters in orderto control and limit the irreversible charge loss. Lithium ion battery performancesdepend on this irreversible capacity, this value has to be reduced in order to maximizethe amount of exchanged lithium ions between negative and positive electrodes. TheSEI stability will determine the electrode behavior upon cycling.In this thesis, we chose to study the graphite behavior by testing several electrolytecompositions and graphite particle sizes in electrochemical cells similar to areal battery. Electrochemical techniques (galvanostatic cycling and electrochemicalimpedance spectroscopy) and surface analyses (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy) will be combined. These results helped us to developa new model of the SEI formation.For the electrolyte, we chose to study the effect of the solvent (propylene carbonate)and the additive (vinylene carbonate). Both components are commonly used inthe electrolyte for commercial lithium ion batteries. For the graphite electrode, thechoice of graphite particles is essential because each graphite family has its ownsurface chemistry (basal and prismatic surfaces) which can react in many wayswith the electrolyte. Two graphite particles, with specific sizes and morphologiesare studied. They are separately used as active materials for negative electrodes inlithium ion batteries. Our unique approach is to prepare graphite electrodes basedon a mix of both particles with various compositions and then test the electrode225performances. After testing several formation conditions such as the cycling rateand the temperature, we found the ideal formation conditions for minimizing theelectrolyte decomposition and optimizing the film quality.Finally, based on all the characterization methods, we came to a better understandingof the film formation process. In this way, we have improved this essentialpreliminary step which can now lead to more durable cycling performances overtime. This study can have a major impact on the industrial level. The formationmodel cast a new light on the formation process and can therefore help to makeefficient graphite electrodes
Veal, Timothy David. "High resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy of narrow gap III V semiconductor surfaces and interfaces." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252483.
Повний текст джерелаSwamy, Tushar. "Electro-chemo-mechanical instabilities at interfaces in al-solid-state lithium-ion batteries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118732.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 107-115).
Inorganic solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) could replace flammable liquid electrolytes and improve the safety of Li-ion batteries. Furthermore, these SSEs could enable metal anodes, providing a significant improvement in cell-level energy density compared to the state-of-the-art. Recent improvements in the ionic conductivity of ceramic SSEs have invigorated commercial interest, prompting investigations into SSE/electrode interfacial properties. However, these investigations have revealed several challenges preventing the widespread adoption of all-solid-state Li-ion batteries. SSEs experience Li dendrite propagation and short circuit above a critical current density, similar to liquid electrolytes. While the pathways for Li penetration through a ceramic SSE such as grain boundaries and surface pores have been identified, the Li penetration mechanism is unclear. In addition, most SSEs experience detrimental redox reactions at the Li anode and 4 V cathode interface. The interfacial redox behavior of inorganic SSEs isn't well understood and requires further investigation. This thesis investigates the Li penetration mechanism into sulfide-based amorphous and polycrystalline SSEs, and garnet oxide-based single-crystal and polycrystalline SSEs. It also investigates the electrochemical redox behavior of sulfide-based SSEs. Experimental results show that Li can penetrate into single crystal SSEs devoid of grain boundaries and surface pores. Above a critical current density, the mechanical stress at a critically-sized Li-filled flaw tip at the SSE surface can breach the SSE fracture stress to initiate and propagate a crack through which Li penetrates the SSE, until a short circuit occurs. An electrochemo- mechanical model based on the Griffith theory of brittle ceramic fracture was developed, which relates the SSE fracture stress to SSE fracture toughness and surface flaw size. Experimental determination of the fracture toughness of sulfide-based SSEs revealed that these SSEs are compliant yet significantly more brittle than oxide-based SSEs. In addition, a cyclic-voltammetry based technique was developed to show that a sulfide-based SSE electrochemically decomposes to produce a redox-active interphase at the SSE/electrode interface. This is unlike in case of liquid electrolytes which decompose into an electrochemically irreversible interphase.
by Tushar Swamy.
Ph. D.
Lauret, Hervé. "Propriétés électriques et électrochimiques de manganites de lanthane dopées comme matériau de cathode pour pile à combustible à oxyde électrolyte solide." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0053.
Повний текст джерелаAzizan, Mustapha. "Contribution à l'étude de l'interaction métaux réfractaires (W, Mo, Nb, Ta) - Si(111)(7x7) : [thèse en partie soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10064.
Повний текст джерелаGuillet, Stéphane. "Etude des propriétés électroniques des interfaces Ag/Si(100) et Cu/Si(100)." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10065.
Повний текст джерелаAgel, Eric. "Electrode à air électrolyte solide polymère alcalin pour piles à combustible et générateur métal-air." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077002.
Повний текст джерелаSo, Biu 1959. "THE METHODOLOGY AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RELAXATION METHOD TO INVESTIGATE ELECTRO-THERMAL INTERACTIONS IN SOLID-STATE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276384.
Повний текст джерелаLakhdari, Hacène. "Etude par technique spectroscopique de capacite transitoire des defauts a l'interface semiconducteur-isolant." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066341.
Повний текст джерелаGanser, Markus [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kamlah. "On the Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Coupling in Solid State Batteries and its Impact on Morphological Interface Stability / Markus Ganser ; Betreuer: M. Kamlah." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228537348/34.
Повний текст джерелаGalparsoro, Larraza Oihana. "Phonon and electron excitations in diatom abstraction from metallic surfaces." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0417/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe rationalization of elementary processes at surfaces is of prime importance for numerous natural and technological areas. From a fundamental pointof view, the way the energy concomitant to any chemical reaction is distributed among the desorbing molecules degrees-of-freedom and the surface is far frombeing fully pictured. In this work, quasiclassical molecular dynamics (QCT)simulations have been carried out to investigate this issue for the recombination ofH2 and N2 resulting from atomic adsorbate abstraction by atom scattering off theW(100) and W(110) covered surfaces, these processes being of relevance inplasma-wall interactions. Potential energy surfaces, built from density functional(DFT) theory calculations, have been used to simulate, within the framework ofclassical dynamics (including semi-classical corrections), the subpicosecond Eley-Rideal and Hot-Atom processes. The implementation of effective models to accountfor energy dissipation to surface phonons and electron-hole pair excitations, have allowed to rationalize the non-adidabatic dynamics of atom abstraction at metalsurfaces
Barbier, Eric. "Epitaxie par la methode des organometalliques d'heterostructures gaas/gaalas a application en hyperfrequence." Orléans, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ORLE2003.
Повний текст джерелаSar, Jaroslaw. "Interfaces et durabilité d'électrodes avancées pour l'énergie : IT-SOFC et SOEC Coral Microstructure of Graded CGO/LSCF Oxygen Electrode by Electrostatic Spray Deposition for Energy (IT-SOFC, SOEC) Electrochemical properties of graded and homogeneous Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ composite electrodes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells Three dimensional analysis of Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95–La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ oxygen electrode for solid oxide cells Mechanical behavior of Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ oxygen electrode with a coral microstructure for solid oxide fuel cell and solid oxide electrolyzer cell Durability test on coral Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ with La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ current collector working in SOFC and SOEC modes". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI106.
Повний текст джерелаInterfaces and durability of advanced electrodes for energy (IT-SOFC and SOEC)The objective of this PhD thesis is to fabricate advanced oxygen electrode based on Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (CGO) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) with graded and homogeneous composition onto yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ = 8 mol. % Y2O3-doped ZrO2) electrolyte using electrostatic spray deposition. A thin and dense layer of CGO was inserted between LSCF and YSZ to serve as a barrier diffusion layer. The novel microstructure with high porosity and large surface area is expected to improve the electrochemical performances. The electrical behavior of the electrode was investigated by impedance spectroscopy versus temperature in air. A detailed microstructural description was performed by 3D reconstructed model from FIB-SEM and X-ray nanotomography and related to electrical properties. The mechanical analysis was performed by scratch and ultramicroindentation tests. Finally, durability tests were performed on the electrode with 45 cm2 oxygen active area, up to 800 h at around 770°C, in full cell SOFC and SOEC configurations operating respectively in H2 and H2/ H2O mixture
Ruterana, Pierre. "Structure des interfaces, etude par microscopie electronique en transmission, application : materiaux semiconduteurs iii-v et multicouches pour optiques dans le domaine des rayons x mous." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN2032.
Повний текст джерелаTizei, Luiz Henrique Galvão. "Homogeneidade química, interfaces e defeitos estruturais em nanofios de semicondutores III-V." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/277621.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin
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Resumo: O desenvolvimento de novos materias tem grande interesse devido à ocorrência de novos fenômenos e propriedades, as quais podem ser usadas em futuras aplicações tecnológicas. Em particular, nas últimas décadas, esforços imensos foram realizados buscando compreender nanomateriais e os efeitos da redução de tamanho e de dimensão. Entre os diferentes avanços alcançados, podemos citar o desenvolvimento significativo de nanofios semicondutores (estruturas quasi-unidimensionais) com dezenas ou centenas de nanometros de espessura e milhares de nanometros de comprimento. O método mais utilizado para o crescimento de nanofios é o método catalítico chamado VLS (Vapor-Líquido-Sólido), no qual uma nanopartícula metálica serve como sorvedouro preferencial de átomos de um vapor e, também, como posição para a formação de um sólido (nanofio). O VLS foi proposto por Wagner e Ellis nos anos 60. Em nossos trabalhos, nos concentramos no estudo de nanofios de semicondutores III-V crescidos em um reator de Epitaxia de Feixe Químico (CBE) catalisados por nanopartículas de Au. Mais especificamente, estudamos nanofios de InP, InAs, InGaP, InAsP e heteroestruturas InP/InAs/InP. Como a qualidade de interfaces e homogeneidade química do material crescido, influenciam diretamente as propriedades ópticas e elétricas de nanofios, nossa pesquisa nos levou a avaliar os limites da aplicação de diversas técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão aplicadas: TEM (Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão), STEM (Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão em Varredura), HRTEM (Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão de Alta Resolução), EDS (Espectroscopia de Raios-X Dispersados em Energia) e EELS (Espectroscopia de Perda de Energia de Elétrons). Como consequência, determinamos os limites de detecção de variações químicas e de medidas de larguras de interfaces das diferentes técnicas. Em particular, devido às limitações impostas pelo dano por radiação no material, propusemos o uso de deslocamentos químicos de plasmons (EELS) para a caracterização química de nanoestruturas de semicondutores III-V. Desenvolvemos uma metodologia para a análise de seções transversais de nanofios de InAsP. Os experimentos realizados indicam a diferença entre os semicondutores produzidos por crescimento axial (catalítico) e por radial (bidimensional). Além disso, a análise química detalhada de heteroestruturas InP/InAs/InP levou a detecção de concentrações inesperados de As no segmento final de InP. Interpretamos esta observação como uma indicação de que As difunde através da nanopartícula catalisadora durante o crescimento, demonstrando uma rota de incorporação de elementos do grupo V em nanofios crescidos pelo método VLS. Finalmente, estudamos os efeitos de defeitos estruturais extendidos, como discordâncias na morfologia e distorções estruturais de nanofios. Neste sentido, observamos a torção de Eshelby em nanofios de InP contendo discordâncias em parafuso únicas. Nossos resultados mostram que as taxas de torção medida são muito maiores (até 100%) do que o previsto pela teoria elástica macroscópica. Isto mostra as mudanças significativas nas propriedades mecânicas e estruturais em nanoestruturas e ilustra o papel importante de estudos detalhados de microscopia eletrônica para a análise de deformações em nanoestruturas
Abstract: The development of new materials has great interest due to the possibility of finding new phenomena and properties, which can be used in technological applications. In particular, in the last decades, huge efforts have been made in order to understand nanomaterials and, the effects of size and dimensionality reduction. Among different advances, it is worth noting the significant development of semiconductor nanowires (quasi-one dimensional structures) with tens or hundreds of nanometers in diameter and thousands of nanometers in length. The catalytic method VLS (Vapor-Liquid-Solid) is the most used approach for nanowire preparation, in which a metal nanoparticle serves as a preferential sink for atoms from a vapor and, also, as the position for the solid nucleation; this method was proposed by Wagner and Ellis in the 60s. In our work, we have focused on the study of III-V semiconductor nanowires grown by Chemical Beam Epitaxy (CBE) catalyzed by Au nanoparticles. Specifically, we have studied different III-V nanowires (InP, InAs, InGaP and InAsP), as ell as, some heterostructured wires (InP/InAs/InP). As the quality of interfaces and the chemical homogeneity of materials directly influence the optical and electrical properties of nanowires, our research have led us to assess the limit of applicability of several characterization techniques based on transmission electron microscopy: TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), STEM (Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy), HRTEM (High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy), EDS (Energy Dispersed X-Ray Spectroscopy) and EELS (Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy). As a consequence, we have determined the detection limit for the measurement of chemical composition variations and interface widths. In particular, due to the limitations imposed by radiation damage on III-V nanowires, we have proposed the use of Plasmon chemical shifts (EELS) to the chemical characterization of III-V nanostructures. We have analyzed the cross sections of InAsP nanowires and we have been able to reveal a difference between the semiconductors materials produced by the axial (catalytic) and radial (bidimensional) growth. Through the detailed chemical analysis of InP/InAs/InP heterostructures we have detected an unexpected concentration of As in the last InP segment of the heterostructure. We have interpreted this result as an indication that As diffuses through the catalytic nanoparticle during growth. This demonstrates an incorporation route for group V atoms in nanowires grown by VLS. Finally, we have studied the effects of extended structural defects, like dislocations, in the morphology and structural distortions of nanowires. In this sense, we have observed the Eshelby twist in InP nanowires containing a single screw dislocation. Our results show that measured twist rates are much larger (up to 100%) than the predictions from the elasticity theory. This shows the significant change of mechanical and structural properties in nanoscale and, illustrates the important role of a careful electron microscopy studies to analyze deformations in nanostructures
Doutorado
Física da Matéria Condensada
Doutor em Ciências
Goble, Nicholas James. "ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT AT SEMICONDUCTOR AND PEROVSKITE OXIDE INTERFACES." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1454002713.
Повний текст джерелаYang, Xiangwen, Zhixing Lin, Jingxu Zheng, Yingjuan Huang, Bin Chen, Yiyong Mai, and Xinliang Feng. "Facile template-free synthesis of vertically aligned polypyrrole nanosheets on nickel foams for flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-224947.
Повний текст джерелаBaughman, Jessi Alan. "Solid-State NMR Characterization of the Structure and Morphology of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1343136219.
Повний текст джерелаYang, Xiangwen, Zhixing Lin, Jingxu Zheng, Yingjuan Huang, Bin Chen, Yiyong Mai, and Xinliang Feng. "Facile template-free synthesis of vertically aligned polypyrrole nanosheets on nickel foams for flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30332.
Повний текст джерелаKarlsson, Patrik. "Surface Science Studies of Metal Oxides Formed by Chemical Vapour Deposition on Silicon." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7088.
Повний текст джерелаCastro, Laurent. "Matériaux d’électrode positive à base de phosphates pour accumulateurs Li-ion et phénomènes aux interfaces : apport de la spectroscopie photoélectronique à rayonnement X (XPS)." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3046/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is focused on the study of LiMPO4 (M = Fe, Mn, Co) materials and on their evolution upon cycling (redox process end electrodes / electrolyte interfaces) in lithium ion cells. It is based on X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses coupled with electrochemical tests. During air exposure, a surface oxidation of phosphate LiFePO4 was observed that lead to the formation of surface impurities such as Fe2O3. Concerning electronic structure, the analysis of LiMPO4 (M=Fe, Mn, Co) materials valence spectra allowed for LiFePO4 the visualization of spin down Fe 3d electron which is the first experimental proof of the particular electronic configuration (3d↑)5(3d↓)1 of Fe2+ in this material. This work also allowed a better understanding of the effect of the working temperature as well as the nature of the negative electrode on Li-ion cells ageing mechanisms. For LiFePO4 // Graphite cell, the comparison of spatially distributed solid/electrolyte interfaces showed that ageing mechanisms, characterized by a loss of active lithium, could be associated with a heterogeneity of working of the positive electrode. In addition, the extension of these studies on new promising Li(FeMn)PO4 materials for positive electrode showed that higher working potential of mixed phosphate material compared to LiFePO4 material leads to a higher electrolyte reactivity which consequences were analysed
Kazeminezhad, Iraj. "Growth and characterization of Niâ†xCuâ†1â†-â†x alloy films, Niâ†xCuâ†1â†-â†x/Niâ†yCuâ†1â†-â†y multilayers, and nanowires." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391185.
Повний текст джерелаKadri, Abdelaziz. "Etude electrochimique des processus de corrosion d'un alliage fe-36 ni sous des couches minces d'elecrolyte, a l'air libre ou en situation de confinement." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066211.
Повний текст джерелаVystavel, Tomas. "Structure de joints de grains dans des bicristaux de molybdène et mouillage de ces joints par du nickel : étude expérimentale par microscopie électronique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10091.
Повний текст джерелаLabdi, Yamina. "Caracterisation des structures n+in+ minces, a base de sillicium amorphe hydrogene par la methode des courants limites par charge d'espace : prise en compte des effets d'interface." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077091.
Повний текст джерела