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Дисертації з теми "Soil plant interactions"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Kraus, Tamara Esther Caroline. "Tannins and nutrient dynamics in forest soils : plant-litter-soil interactions /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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2

Sørensen, L. I. (Louise Ilum). "Grazing, disturbance and plant soil interactions in northern grasslands." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514291395.

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Abstract Plants and soil organisms are closely linked. Plants are the sole source of carbon in the soil and soil organisms are responsible for recycling of nutrients, making them available for plant growth. To understand the function of a system, it is important to understand the interactions between the soil and plants. These interactions have mainly been studied in temperate areas, with few studies in the arctic and subarctic. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of ecological disturbances in sub- and low-arctic grasslands on soil organisms and plant-soil feedback relationshi
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3

Bonnett, Samuel A. F. "Biogeochemical implications of plant-soil interactions in peatland ecosystems." Thesis, Bangor University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428831.

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4

PELLEGRINI, ELISA. "Interactions between soil and plants in halophile systems: plant zonation and effects on pedogenesis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908162.

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The increasing interest around the protection of coastal wetlands highlighted the scarce knowledge achieved about these systems and the consequent inability to operate efficiently during conservation and restoration programs. One crucial issue is related to saltmarshes, whose functioning appears highly complex and where a strong connection between soil and halophytes drives the definition of the main characteristics. For its complexity, this thesis work used a holistic approach with the aim to evaluate the main driving forces involved in the definition of saltmarsh functions. It focused on the
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5

Bergmann, Joana [Verfasser]. "Root traits and their effect in plant-soil interactions / Joana Bergmann." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1159900531/34.

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6

Hänninen, Kaarina. "Tree-cover crop interactions : birch growth, competition and soil properties /." Oulu : Oulun Yliopisto, 2002. http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514267184.

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7

Card, Marcella. "Interactions among soil, plants, and endocrine disrupting compounds in livestock agriculture." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1311287470.

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8

Monteil, Oscar Vazquez. "Wastewater irrigation of crops : the influence of nitrogen on soil-plant interactions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303449.

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9

Macpherson, Stuart Alexander. "Interactions between lead and phosphate : soil chemistry, plant uptake and ecological implications." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294125.

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10

Al-Turki, Ahmad I. "Myrosinase activity in soil and impact of Brassica on plant-microbe interactions /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486394475979013.

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11

Navarro, Patricia D. "Entomopathogenic Nematodes: Their Interactions with Plant Pathogens and Insecticides in the Soil." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/265815.

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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae, and their bacterial symbionts, have been studied intensively because of their role as natural mortality factor for soil-dwelling arthropods, and their potential as biological control agents for belowground insect pests. Moreover, EPN are recognized as key players in regulating soil food webs and triggering trophic cascades. However, most studies of interactions with EPN have been conducted under laboratory setting and simplified conditions, without consider the dynamic of the EPN and their interactions wi
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12

Prill, Nadine. "Effects of environmental change on plant performance and plant-herbivore interactions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c58761e9-666c-4b7d-a78a-d70de7f253d4.

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Global environmental change fundamentally affects plants and their interactions with other species, and this has profound impacts on communities and ultimately ecosystems. In order to understand the mechanisms involved, we need to elaborate on the combined effects of different global change drivers on multiple levels of plant organization, including the biochemical level (production of defence compounds), the whole organism, the population, and the plant-herbivore interaction level. This thesis investigates (1) the combined effects of factors related to climate change and habitat fragmentation
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13

Steer, Jonathan. "Influences of plant growth and root material on soil microbial community dynamics." Thesis, University of East London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298081.

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14

Batten, Katharine Margaret. "Plant invasion and the soil microbial community : interactions and implications for native plant performance and ecosystem function /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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15

Emam, Taraneh Megan. "The Role of Soil Biota, Abiotic Stress, and Provenance in Plant Interactions and Restoration." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3706585.

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<p> In this dissertation, I asked how soil biota, abiotic stress, and plant provenance influence plant communities and interactions between plants. Soil biota can have positive or negative effects on individual plants, and also influence the diversity and productivity of plant communities through their net effects on individuals and by mediating plant-plant interactions. However, the level of abiotic stress experienced by plants is likely to drive plant responses to soil mutualists and antagonists. Additionally, plant provenance (e.g. population origin) can influence responses to abiotic soil
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16

Dehlin, Helena. "Ecosystem functioning and plant-soil interactions in forests : influences of quality and diversity of resources /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Vegetation Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200679.pdf.

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17

Robinson, Lynne Allison. "Impacts of interactions with soil organisms on the metabolome of ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.)." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/44738/.

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Plants need to defend themselves against their natural enemies without compromising their interactions with beneficial organisms. Chemical mechanisms underpin many of these interactions and changes in plant metabolism are critical to both robust defences against antagonists and effective signals to mutualists. Further, such plant responses can be systemic, so mediating interactions between spatially separated organisms above and below ground. This thesis aimed to characterise the changes in the ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.) metabolome caused by two different belowground organisms, an antagonis
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18

Ayres, Edward. "Impacts of rising atmospheric COâ‚‚ concentrations on plant-soil-microbial interactions in forest ecosystems." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421605.

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19

Cunha, Felisberta Maria Jesus. "The influence of extracts of Ascophvllum nodosum on plant and soil-borne pathogen interactions." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2348.

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This thesis presents an investigation into the responses to extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum (Maxicrop seaweed extracts - MSE) of two different plants species - wheat and strawberry, and their interactions with two soil-borne pathogens, Gaeumannomyces graminis and Phytophthora fragariae respectively, under various environmental conditions. The responses to MSE using hydroponic, glasshouse and field experiments showed that levels of Take-all infection in wheat were reduced by some of the treatments applied. Repeat experiments showed that consistency of results was poor but a positive trend for d
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20

Di, Palo Francesca. "Plant species and soil nutrient interactions along primary successions: the role of ecological stoichiometry." Thesis, Ulster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.650087.

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A long-standing question in plant ecology remains about what underlying mechanisms are responsible for the distribution of plant species across environmental gradients. Most plant ecologists agree that the answer lies within the concept of 'niche' and thus in the set of driving 'key-resources' for plant growth under specific environmental conditions. Here I examine two key soil resources: nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). I ask whether changes in the availability of Nand P in soils may predict changes in critical plant element ratios (i.e. C:N:P stoichiometry). Very few studies have used an 'ec
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21

Manoli, Gabriele. "Contribution to modeling of soil-plant-atmosphere interactions and coupled hydro-geophysical data assimilation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423556.

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Understanding the complex feedback mechanisms regulating the land-atmosphere system has become a scientific imperative, as human induced changes may impact the stability of the Biosphere, both locally and globally. The present thesis work aims at improving current understanding and forecasting capabilities of the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere (SPA) continuum. To this purpose a numerical model of soil moisture dynamics is coupled with plant transpiration and photosynthesis. Soil moisture dynamics is modeled by the 3-D Richards equation and plant uptake is described by an Ohm's law type model accounting
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22

Shan, Shan. "The controls of nutrient limitation on resource allocation belowground." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1580078025127756.

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23

Turnbull, Gillian Anne. "The role of motility in Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida in soil-plant-microbe interactions." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367105.

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24

Fornara, Dario Arturo. "Ungulate browsing as an ecosystem process browser-plant-soil interactions in a southern African savanna /." Thesis, Connect to this title online, 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02172006-090829.

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25

Murray, Donna. "Interactions of Pseudomonas fluorescens and soil-borne oomycete plant pathogens in a biological control system." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259856.

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26

Richardson, Harriett Rose. "The role of plant-soil interactions in peatland carbon cycling at a Scottish wind farm." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5636/.

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Northern peatlands play an important role in the cycling of carbon (C) globally, and contain up to one third of the world’s soil C despite only covering a small percentage of its land surface (Gorham, 1991). Changes in climate and land use are increasing the vulnerability of these vast C stocks, by altering the conditions favourable for peat accumulation and therefore C sequestration. The establishment of wind farms on peatlands is increasing in the UK, as a result of the growing need for sustainable energy and the suitably high wind speeds that are typical to these upland ecosystems (Smith et
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27

Malyshev, Andrey [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Kreyling. "Plant growth responses to winter climate change: from amongand within-species variation to plant-soil interactions / Andrey Malyshev. Betreuer: Jürgen Kreyling." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074461851/34.

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28

Miller, Phearen Kit. "Interactions Between Biochar and Compost in Organic Winter Wheat Production and Soil Quality Under Dryland Conditions." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7359.

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Organic wheat grown under dryland conditions encounters challenges such as limited nutrients and water. Maintaining organic wheat production requires solutions to these problems in order to retain economic sustainability for the farmers. Research on biochar and compost have been conducted globally. Despite well known benefits of compost on soil and crop production, few organic farmers apply compost to their fields. Research on biochar is still new. Biochar is charcoal created from pyrolyzing agricultural material under conditions of low oxygen and high heat. Many studies claim that biochar is
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29

Hammer, Erin L. "Effects of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) on soil nutrient dynamics and microbial community function and structure." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1241126072.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2009.<br>Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Master of Science Degree in Biology (Ecology-track)." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 44-55.
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30

Maisch, Markus [Verfasser]. "Rusty rice - unravelling rice plant and microbial interactions in the paddy soil iron cycle / Markus Maisch." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215568983/34.

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31

Reynolds, Amanda Christine. "Geochemical Investigations of Mineral Weathering: Quantifying Weathering Intensity, Silicate versus Carbonate Contributions, and Soil-Plant Interactions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194448.

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This study is the geochemical examination of mineral weathering and its path from hinterland, through sediment deposition and pedogenesis, to its dissolution and eventual uptake into plants or precipitation as carbonate minerals. The three papers examine the rate and character of carbonate and silicate mineral weathering over a wide range of climatic and tectonic regimes, time periods, and lithologies, and focus on very different questions. Examination of the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of architectural ponderosa pine in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico confirms a societally complex style of timber procurement
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32

Nessa, Ashrafun. "Soil nitrogen transformations and soil-plant interactions as influenced by biochar materials and prescribed burning in native forest ecosystems of southeast Queensland." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/414257.

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The nitrogen (N) cycle is one of the key biogeochemical processes in terrestrial ecosystem which is interlinked with some important soil N transformations, notably soil N mineralization, nitrification and denitrification through both biotic and abiotic mechanisms. Global climate change and soil management practices have disrupted the soil N cycling processes. Soil types, plant species and vegetation diversity and management practices are also associated with changing N cycling processes. Prescribed burnings are applied periodically for fuel reduction to reduce the risk of wildfires. Neverthele
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33

Popp, Alexander, Niels Blaum, Stephanie Domptail, et al. "From satellite imagery to soil-plant interactions : integrating disciplines and scales in process based simulation models ; [Poster]." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/imaf/events/ge_work0602.html.

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Decisions for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable management of natural resources are typically related to large scales, i.e. the landscape level. However, understanding and predicting the effects of land use and climate change on scales relevant for decision-making requires to include both, large scale vegetation dynamics and small scale processes, such as soil-plant interactions. Integrating the results of multiple BIOTA subprojects enabled us to include necessary data of soil science, botany, socio-economics and remote sensing into a high resolution, process-based and spatially
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34

Van, Zyl Albertus J. "Assessment of the possible interactions between soil and plant water status in a Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot vineyard." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96088.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Irrigation scheduling decisions are based either on the direct measurement of soil water status (SWS) or on physiological measurements like plant water status (PWS). Soil based measurements are quick and easily automated, but the plant response for a particular quantity of soil moisture varies as a complex function of evaporative demand. A plant-based approach measures the plant stress response directly, but is an integration of environmental effects as well. In contrary to soil-based methods, plant based measurements
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35

Kervroëdan, Léa. "Plant traits and functional diversity effects on runoff and sediment retention : application to soil erosion control in temperate agricultural catchments." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0031/document.

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Au sein des communautés végétales, les traits fonctionnels dirigent et influencent les processus sol-plantes. Le ruissellement et l'érosion concentrés, causes principales de la dégradation des sols, peuvent être contrôlés par des végétations herbacées qui créent une rugosité hydraulique induisant la réduction de la vitesse des flux de ruissellement et la rétention des sédiments. L'approche des traits, plutôt que taxonomique, permet de comprendre et caractériser les effets directs de la végétation sur le ruissellement et la rétention des sédiments. Ce projet de recherche
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36

Scott, Drew Austin. "ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY EFFECTS ON DIVERSITY AND NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM SOIL IN RESTORED PRAIRIE." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1683.

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Ecological theory predicts that high environmental heterogeneity causes high biodiversity. Theory further predicts that more biodiversity results in greater ecosystem functioning. These theoretical predictions were evaluated in three studies using grassland restorations from agriculture.
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37

Moller, Leandra. "Soil yeasts, mycorrhizal fungi and biochar: their interactions and effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and nutrition." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20417.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In order to test the effect of different plant growth-promoting strategies on Triticum aestivum L. (wheat), we investigated the ability of biochar and a grain-associated soil yeast, to improve the growth of this crop. Our first goal was to study the effect of biochar amendments to sandy soil on the growth and nutrition of wheat in the presence of mycorrhizal fungi. This was accomplished by amending soil with 0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% (w/w) biochar and cultivating wheat plants in these soil-biochar mixtures. After harvesting
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38

Hicks, Lettice Cricket. "Controls on carbon cycling in tropical soils from the Amazon to the Andes : the influence of climate, plant inputs, nutrients and soil organisms." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23477.

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Tropical soils are a globally important store of terrestrial carbon (C) and source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), regulated by the activity of soil microorganisms, through the mineralisation of plant residues and soil organic matter (SOM). Climatic warming will influence microbial activity, and this may accelerate the rate of C release from soils as CO2, contributing to alterations in current atmospheric composition, and generating feedbacks to climate change. Yet the magnitude of C loss from tropical soils remains uncertain, partly because we do not fully understand how non-climatic fac
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39

Barthelemy, Hélène. "Herbivores influence nutrient cycling and plant nutrient uptake : insights from tundra ecosystems." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-120191.

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Reindeer appear to have strong positive effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling in strongly nutrient-limited ecosystems. While the direct effects of grazing on vegetation composition have been intensively studied, much less is known about the indirect effect of grazing on plant-soil interactions. This thesis investigated the indirect effects of ungulate grazing on arctic plant communities via soil nutrient availability and plant nutrient uptake. At high density, the deposition of dung alone increased plant productivity both in nutrient rich and nutrient poor tundra habitats without
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40

Eskelinen, A. (Anu). "Plant community dynamics in tundra: propagule availability, biotic and environmental control." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514293139.

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Abstract Plant community composition and diversity are determined by the balance between rates of immigration and extinction. Processes of immigration to a local community, i.e. propagule availability and dispersal of propagules between and within habitats, set the upper limit for the pool of species potentially capable of coexisting in a community, while local biotic interactions, i.e., competition, facilitation, herbivory and interactions with below-ground ecosystem components, and environmental factors control colonisation and establishment, and determine the persistence and dynamics of alr
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41

Heckenroth, Alma. "Evaluation des méthodes de phytostabilisation adaptées à la restauration écologique d'une friche industrielle incluse dans une zone protégée : cas de l’usine de l’Escalette dans la zone coeur du parc national des Calanques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0001.

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Sur le site de la friche industrielle de l'Escalette dans le parc national des Calanques (Marseille), une réflexion alliant écologie de la restauration et phytoremédiation est menée dans le but d'optimiser les fonctions écosystémiques qui limitent les transferts d'éléments traces métalliques et métalloïdes (ETMM) des sols. Une caractérisation in situ de la composition et la structure des communautés végétales natives et spontanées a été menée sur des sites fortement contaminés, permettant de sélectionner des plantes tolérantes. La réponse de deux espèces pérennes natives à l'hétérogénéité de l
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42

Kumar, Amit [Verfasser], and Johanna [Akademischer Betreuer] Pausch. "Plant-microbial interactions in the rhizosphere : root mediated changes in microbial activity and soil organic matter turnover / Amit Kumar ; Betreuer: Johanna Pausch." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160301956/34.

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43

Vergani, L. "BIOREMEDIATION OF A POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL (PCB) POLLUTED SITE: DEGRADING POTENTIAL OF SOIL MICROBIOTA AND EXPLOITATION OF PLANT-BACTERIA INTERACTIONS FOR ENHANCED RHIZOREMEDIATION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/540645.

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The release of xenobiotic chemicals into the environment has dramatically increased over the last century following industrialization, with a consequent impact on the ecosystems and human health. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), in particular, are among the twelve chlorinated organic compound families initially listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention on POPs. PCB, due to their chemical properties and high stability, have been widely used by industries in the twentieth century as dielectric and coolant fluids. Despite their production has been banned since the
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44

Jugan, Adrien. "Cover crops : a tool to shape the soil microbial communities ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASB001.

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Анотація:
Les couverts végétaux sont un levier majeur de l'agriculture. Ils offrent de nombreux services écosystémiques dont l'enrichissement des sols, la limitation de propagation des agents pathogènes, et réduisent l'utilisation d'intrants chimiques. Ces services reposent entre autres sur la richesse microbienne du sol, également appelée microbiote, que les plantes de couvertures sont capables d'influencer. Ces relations plant-microbiome sont multiples et complexes, dépendant notamment de la richesse génétique du couvert. L'entreprise Cérience possède un catalogue de variétés végétales englobant plusi
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45

Condron, Leo M. "Chemical nature and plant availability of phosphorus present in soils under long-term fertilised irrigated pastures in Canterbury, New Zealand." Lincoln College, University of Canterbury, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1875.

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Soil P fractionation was used to examine changes in soil inorganic and organic P under grazed irrigated pasture in a long-term field trial at Winchmore in Mid-Canterbury. The soil P fractionation scheme used involved sequential extractions of soil with O.5M NaHCO₃ @ pH 8.5 (NaHCO₃ P), 0.1M NaOH (NaOH I P), 1M HCl (HCl P) and 0.1M NaOH (NaOH II P). The Winchmore trial comprised 5 treatments: control (no P since 1952), 376R (376 kg superphosphate ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ 1952-1957, none since), 564R (564 kg superphosphate ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ 1952-1957, none since) 188PA (188 kg superphosphate ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ since 1952) and 3
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46

Soti, Pushpa Gautam. "Influence of Soil Biogeochemical Properties on the Invasiveness of Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium microphyllum)." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/960.

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The state of Florida has one of the most severe exotic species invasion problems in the United States, but little is known about their influence on soil biogeochemistry. My dissertation research includes a cross-continental field study in Australia, Florida, and greenhouse and growth chamber experiments, focused on the soil-plant interactions of one of the most problematic weeds introduced in south Florida, Lygodium microphyllum (Old World climbing fern). Analysis of field samples from the ferns introduced and their native range indicate that L microphyllum is highly dependent on arbuscular my
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47

Xi, Nian-Xun. "Effects of patchy nitrogen inputs and soil nitrogen heterogeneity on grassland structure and function." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22542/document.

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A l’échelle mondiale, les prairies fournissent une grande variété de services écosystémiques et sont le support économique de nombreux systèmes d’élevage. Dans un contexte global éminemment changeant, une meilleure compréhension de la structure et du fonctionnement des prairies est incontournable pour proposer à la fois des gestions plus durables des ressources et promouvoir la fourniture de services écosystémiques diversifiés par ces écosystèmes. Les prairies étant des écosystèmes dynamiques et hétérogènes, notre capacité à prédire leur fonctionnement et leurs trajectoires de réponse à un fac
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48

Wahbi, Sanâa. "Influence des cultures associées fève/blé sur le potentiel mycorhizien des sols et la structure de la microflore mycorhizosphérique : conséquences sur la productivité des agrosystèmes au Maroc." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS031.

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L’avenir d’une agriculture durable, repose sur une gestion optimale de la fertilité des sols et de leurs propriétés physiques et biologiques. Il s’agit de déterminer des pratiques culturales mimant certains processus écologiques (facilitation, complémentarité, effet « plant-soil-feedback) contribuant au maintien de la fertilité des sols. Ces concepts ont longtemps été valorisés de façon empirique dans des pratiques culturales associant simultanément différentes plantes. L’une des pratiques culturales la plus communément rencontrée en milieu méditerranéen associe des légumineuses à des céréales
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49

Jewell, Mark. "Diversité des arbres, interactions aériennes et souterraines et décomposition des feuilles mortes." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/75.

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Résumé : La décomposition des litières végétales a été décrite comme étant la deuxième plus importante fonction écosystémique sur terre, après la productivité primaire. Alors que la photosynthèse fournit les apports énergétiques à la plupart des chaînes alimentaires, la décomposition recycle les nutriments, permet leur utilisation future par d’autres organismes et relargue dans l’atmosphère le carbone fixé photosynthétiquement. Dans un contexte de changement climatique, un grand intérêt est porté sur la décomposition des litières, car il s’agit, à l’échelle globale, de la plus grande source d’
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50

Guigues, Stéphanie. "Caractérisation des interactions physico-chimiques entre le cuivre et les racines comme base de développement d'un modèle d'évaluation de la phytodisponibilité des éléments traces." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4307.

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Cette étude a été dédiée au développement d’une nouvelle approche de modélisation de la phytodisponibilité des éléments traces. Cette approche a été employée pour prédire l’adsorption du cuivre (Cu) sur des racines de blé et de tomate. Plusieurs techniques analytiques (titrages acido-basiques, résonance magnétique nucléaire, spectroscopie d’absorption X) ont été employées et croisées avec des résultats de modélisation. Dans un premier temps, la réactivité des racines a été caractérisée. Les racines étant constituées de parois apoplasmiques et de membranes plasmiques, la contribution respective
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