Дисертації: "Societal interest"

1

Bhattacharjee, Ripon. "Study of the legal framework to control and regulate timber trade in India with special reference to its enforcement in the state of Tripura." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2014. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4048.

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Boulos, Filho Sami. "A dimensão política das competências dos executivos na sua relação com os stakeholders." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2009. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/732.

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Анотація:

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sami Boulos Filho.pdf: 815593 bytes, checksum: dc99271dddfaca5f185c955471218f5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-26
Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the competences of managers regarding to their managing responsibility to stakeholders. It refers to the political competence dimension that influences the decision making process of professionals in managing positions and reflects the responses to the unbalanced interests. Societal competence definition of Holland, Ritvo e Kovner (1997), stakeholders concept of Clarkson (1995) and competence concept of Zarifian (2003) were considered as basis. The methodological strategy adopted was basic qualitative studies, proposed by Merrian (1998), and fundamental technique was semi-structured interviews with ten directors and three presidents of different organizations, from retail, chemical, publishing, finance, media, electronic, pharmaceutical, food, transport and technology. The group selection was conducted in order to assure managers in decision-making position, not necessarily working neither in the same organization, nor in the same market segment. The procedures of textual interpretative analysis and templates techniques have based the analytical process. Analysis of documents was also utilized, based on documents released by managers regarding their activities within stakeholders relationship. Results achieved show that managers restrict the number of stakeholders in their decision-making processes. They consider some of none or little relevance, apparently without taking into consideration the fact those stakeholders sometime may make use of the power they have against organizations. Finally, it was not identified the societal competence mobilization, as proposed by Holland, Ritvo e Kovner (1997). Otherwise, it was noticed some intent to search for information on stakeholders demands, restricted to those considered as primaries, and limited to those groups involved in a specific event. The competence development depends on a reflexive process, on balance practice, which will take place when managers review the meaning of their relationship with stakeholders.
O estudo realizado tem por objetivo identificar e analisar as competências dos gestores no que diz respeito à suas responsabilidades gerenciais para com os grupos de interesse da organização, os stakeholders. Trata-se de entender a dimensão política da competência que afeta as decisões dos gestores em cargos de direção e se traduzem em respostas aos desequilíbrios de interesses. Partiu-se da definição de competências de relacionamento coletivo de Holland, Ritvo e Kovner (1997), do conceito de stakeholders de Clarkson (1995) e da visão de competências de Zarifian (2003). Adotou-se a estratégia metodológica dos estudos qualitativos básicos, proposta por Merrian (1998), utilizando-se como técnica fundamental de análise entrevistas semi-estruturadas, realizadas com dez diretores e três presidentes de diferentes organizações, dos segmentos de varejo, química, editorial, financeiro, mídia, eletro-eletrônico, farmacêutica, alimentos, transportes e tecnologia. A seleção do grupo foi direcionada de forma a assegurar a presença de gestores que estivessem atuando nos níveis hierárquicos decisórios, não necessariamente na mesma empresa, tampouco no mesmo segmento de mercado. O processo analítico foi inspirado na análise textual interpretativa de Flores (1994) e na técnica de templates. Realizou-se também a análise documental, com base nos documentos fornecidos pelos entrevistados acerca das atividades que envolvem suas relações com os stakeholders. Os resultados alcançados apontam que os gestores buscam restringir o número de stakeholders; consideram alguns de pouca ou nenhuma relevância, aparentemente sem se preocupar com o fato de que tais stakeholders podem, em algum momento, exercer a força que possuem junto às organizações. Conclui-se que não foi identificada, pelos gestores, a mobilização das competências de relacionamento coletivo, como proposto por Holland, Ritvo e Kovner (1997). Porém, encontraram-se alguns aspectos pontuais na busca por informações acerca das demandas de parte dos grupos interessados, notadamente os stakeholders primários, e, assim mesmo, limitados aos grupos envolvidos em determinados eventos. O desenvolvimento de tal competência depende, porém, de um processo de reflexão, de exercício de equilíbrio, que só ganhará força no momento em que os gestores revirem o significado que a relação com stakeholders tem para eles.

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Owens, Thea Angela. "A Cross Sectional Survey of High School Biology/Life Science Teachers’ Presentation of Genetic Counseling and Health Care Career Options in their Classrooms." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218810536.

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4

Jonsson, Peter. "Vilka konsekvenser kan en järnvägsutredning få för tätortsutvecklingen? : En konsekvensanalys av utredningsområdet: Stationsläge Piteå." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-66966.

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Bakgrunden till denna studie är framdragningen av kustjärnvägen Norrbotniabanan mellan Umeå och Luleå med stationslägen i bland annat Skellefteå och Piteå. Järnvägen är en miljövänlig transportlösning för gods men också för persontransporter, som bidrar till att binda samman hela kustlandet. När nya infrastruktursatsningar ska genomföras föregås de av ingående utredningar. De ska klargöras när, var och hur satsningen ska genomföras och av vem. Finansieringen av projektet är också en viktig fråga, är det privata aktörer eller är det samhället som ska betala. Är det samhället som ska finansiera projektet är det av stor vikt att klargöra om effekterna av åtgärden är samhällsekonomiskt hållbara. Dessa infrastruktursatsningar blir ofta identifierade som riksintressen. Tolkningen av riksintressenas överlägsna ställning vid mark- och vattenanvändningsplanering gör att det infaller ett investeringsvakuum direkt Trafikverket identifierat ett infrastrukturprojekt som är av rikets intresse för kommunikationer. Syftet med denna studie är att utreda de konsekvenser som en framdragning av viktig infrastruktur som Norrbotniabanan har på tätortsutvecklingen under utredningsarbetet av projekten och svara på följande frågeställningar:

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5

Ben, Amira Mustapha. "The concept of interest in the Western and Middle Eastern society." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2351.

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The entire banking systems in the western societies is based on the use of interest. The bank charges the borowers interest on its loans and pays its depositors interest on their deposits. On the other hand, the Middle Eastern banking system is an interest free system that prohibits the use of interest, either in receipt or in payment.

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MONTALBANO, GIUSEPPE. "Reshaping hegemony: societal interests and political power in the European post‐crisis financial governance." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/201108.

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A Neo‐Gramscian approach to the analysis of EU integration and policy-making. Mapping the participatory channels in the EU economic and financial policy-making. The formation of the European post‐crisis regulatory agenda. The reform of Basel II and the Capital Requirements’ package. The reform of the Lamfalussy process and the European supervision of the financial markets. The Single Supervisory Mechanism and the path towards the Banking Union. The debate on the Banking Structural Reform: a view on the on going negotiations.

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7

Sternadt, Alexandre Dulclair. "Relación FAO y sociedad civil : intereses y desafíos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116181.

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Magíster en Gestión y Políticas Públicas
La Organización de las Naciones Unidas para Alimentación y Agricultura - FAO viene pasando por un profundo proceso de restructuración tendiente a involucrar otros actores en la lucha contra el hambre, entre los que se cuenta la sociedad civil, con que la Oficina Regional de FAO para América Latina y el Caribe (FAO/RLC) ha promovido una significativa aproximación desde el año de 2006. El presente estudio de caso busca comprender los aspectos que han favorecido el acercamiento entre esa Oficina de FAO y las organizaciones de representación rural (ORR) de la Región, identificando los aspectos que condicionan el fortalecimiento de esa relación, basado en las expectativas y opiniones de ambas partes acerca de los aprendizajes y desafíos. La metodología de la investigación es de carácter descriptivo cualitativo y se centra en un conjunto de entrevistas a representantes de FAO/RLC y de ORR. El marco conceptual incluye temas relacionados a ciudadanía, participación, sociedad civil, gobernanza relacional, entre otros. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que tanto FAO/RLC como las ORR han destinado buena parte de los esfuerzos en conocer a la otra parte, abriendo camino para el establecimiento de reglas formales e informales de acercamiento, articulación, negociación y trabajo. La motivación para emprender estos esfuerzos está en que cada uno persiga sus intereses con transparencia, pero sobre todo enfocándose en un objetivo común, como es la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional. La relación involucra dos actores que en general presentan grandes diferencias de empoderamiento para la articulación política, desde aspectos vinculados a disponibilidad de información y recursos económicos, hasta la apertura por parte de los gobiernos. La mayoría de los entrevistados consideran que todo espacio que promueva esa relación debe contemplar el acompañamiento cercano de los gobernantes e imparcialidad en la convocatoria de ORR. Las dificultades económicas que enfrentan las ORR pueden interferir en la generación de una agenda de trabajo y diálogo junto a la FAO, que hasta ahora ha sido financiada por la propia agencia, pero que está siendo objeto de revisión tras la reducción de presupuesto de FAO en el marco de su reestructuración. A pesar de los avances en la relación, se percibe una debilidad muy grande en el flujo de información entre los dirigentes en los diversos niveles de representación rural, más evidente a nivel nacional y local. La formación y capacitación de ambas partes sería un buen aporte para el establecimiento y consolidación de la relación, sin embargo, lo imprescindible es la frecuencia de reunirse, dialogar y trabajar juntos, lo que al menos en el ámbito regional se ha estado practicando. Los mayores desafíos se encuentran a nivel nacional. La agenda de la sociedad civil incluye temas polémicos, cobra resultados y genera ruidos, provocando cierta incomodidad en la tradicional relación que la FAO mantiene con los gobiernos. Sin embargo, la nueva FAO tiene como reto encontrar el equilibrio en el trabajo con estos actores y los gobiernos, colocándose en una posición de articulador entre partes, lo que permitiría contribuir a un mayor compromiso de todos en alcanzar la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en la Región.

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8

Sorace, Andrea <1987&gt. "Empty voting e interesse sociale nella moderna Societa per Azioni." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7734/1/Sorace_Andrea_Tesi.pdf.

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Oggetto della tesi è costituito dall'analisi delle problematiche inerenti alla c.d. “dissociazione” della partecipazione azionaria, unitamente ad un tentativo di inquadramento del fenomeno nel nostro sistema giuridico e a una verifica delle soluzioni e dei correttivi che esso consente di delineare o induce a prefigurare. In particolare, nella prima parte della tesi viene fornito un sintetico quadro degli strumenti che consentono di determinare ipotesi di “empty voting” quali, in primis, i contratti derivati, nonché altri strumenti più “tradizionali” come il riporto, il prestito titoli e il leasing di azioni. Nella seconda parte della tesi viene, invece, preso in considerazione il fenomeno dell'empty voting nel suo complesso al fine di fornire un inquadramento dello stesso anche alla luce di istituti tipici del nostro ordinamento (quali il conflitto di interessi del socio ai sensi dell’art. 2373 c.c.). Infine, l’ultima parte della tesi si concentra sul tema della “proprietà nascosta” di azioni partendo dalla discussione di alcuni casi concreti verificatisi in ordinamenti diversi ed aventi tutti come denominatore comune la creazione di una partecipazione rilevante con aggiramento degli obblighi di disclosure oppure delle previsioni in materia di OPA obbligatoria. Inquadrato il problema vengono quindi analizzate le norme vigenti in materia di obblighi di comunicazione di partecipazioni rilevanti e offerte pubbliche di acquisto obbligatorie.
The research aims to study the empty voting. Particularly, the use of derivative instruments and other financial instruments allows investors to decouple economic ownership of shares from voting rights. Such phenomenon is also referred to as the "new vote buying" and differs from the classical issue of the sale and purchase of voting rights (separate from the ownership of the shares), since the empty voter does not technically acquire the right to vote, but is able to cover (by using complex financial instruments) the risks associated with an equity investment in a company: in such a case an investor holds more voting rights than economic ownership. In other cases, an investor may hold more economic ownership than voting rights, but may have the possibility to exercise de facto the voting rights if needed: this situation is referred to as “hidden (morphable) ownership". First of all the analysis will be carried out by verifying the possible benefits and costs which may arise from the empty voting. In addition, it will be ascertained whether there is a general provision under Italian law which prohibits the use of financial instruments in order to decouple voting rights from economic ownership or whether the empty voting is not per se forbidden but may be considered unlawful when it falls within the scope of application of the provisions governing the conflict of interest of shareholders.

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9

Spedicato, Giorgio <1978&gt. "Diritto d'autore e interesse pubblico nella società dell'informazione." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/910/1/Tesi_Spedicato_Giorgio.pdf.

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10

Spedicato, Giorgio <1978&gt. "Diritto d'autore e interesse pubblico nella società dell'informazione." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/910/.

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11

Piovesan, Enrica. "Il conflitto di interessi degli amministratori di società." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426597.

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The current research is about corporate criminal law. In particular, it deals with the problematic subject of the conflict of interest of corporate directors; that is, its focus in on the state-of-the-art solutions, which have been operated about this matter, but also on the perspectives of reform about this complicated issue. The research on this thematic encompasses comparisons between the penal sanctions, known by Italian law to repress the phenomenon, with both historical and recently emerged connections to the application problems. Such analysis starts from the, now abrogated, crime of conflitto di interessi and then it goes on with a closer look on those of infedeltà patrimoniale and omessa comunicazione del conflitto di interessi. Furthermore, through the analysis of the experiences of France, Spain and the United Kingdom, evidence is shown indicating how special norms of company criminal law and common crimes can coexist, specifically by looking at the crime of embezzlement. For this reason, also the above mentioned crime has undergone a close examination, specifically aiming to cast light on its vis expansiva. The purpose of the research, beyond tracing a wide overview of potential solutions, is to understand the necessary extent of use for criminal law, on one hand, and to sort out in what measure company criminal law is preferable, on the other hand, in order to provide effective sanctions to breaches of company law.
La presente ricerca riguarda la materia del diritto penale commerciale. In particolare, essa è incentrata sulla complessa problematica della disciplina del conflitto di interessi degli amministratori di società, in quanto essa si focalizza sullo stato della questione e le prospettive di riforma. L’approfondimento della tematica passa, naturalmente, attraverso il confronto tra le disposizioni penali conosciute dall’ordinamento italiano per reprimere il fenomeno, a partire dall'abrogato delitto di conflitto di interessi, fino al quelli dell'infedeltà patrimoniale e dell'omessa comunicazione del conflitto di interessi. Si affrontano, quindi, le connesse problematiche applicative, sia recenti, sia storicamente emerse, tanto in dottrina che in giurisprudenza. D'altro lato, attraverso l’analisi delle esperienze di Francia, Spagna e Regno Unito, viene evidenziato come possa svolgersi la coesistenza tra norme speciali, di diritto penale societario, e reati comuni, con particolare riferimento a fattispecie assimilabili al delitto di appropriazione indebita. Anche tale fattispecie è stata, dunque, esaminata, con particolare riguardo alla vis expansiva della stessa. Fine ultimo della tesi di ricerca, al di là di tracciare un’ampia panoramica sulle soluzioni prospettabili, è stato quello di comprendere, da un lato, fino a che punto sia necessario l’intervento del diritto penale e, dall'altro, in che misura sia auspicabile un diritto penale societario, che si presenti come sanzionatorio di precetti civilistici.

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12

Schultze, Stephen James. "The business of broadband and the public interest : media policy for the network society." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46618.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves [133]-[150]).
Media policy in the United States has, since its inception, been governed by the principle that infrastructure providers should serve "the public interest." The Federal Communications Commission has traditionally been charged with enforcing various obligations on businesses under this principle. Policymakers have developed different regimes for different media, but these distinctions no longer make sense in a technologically converged environment. This study draws upon the historical origins of the principle in order to inform contemporary debates in communication policy. It recovers some of the normative meaning behind "the public interest" phrase, and identifies the several dimensions in which it remains relevant today. The thesis argues that universal access, platform innovation, and general-purpose technologies should inform network-aware media policy.
by Stephen James Schultze.
S.M.

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13

Lance, Justin Earl. "An Institutional Approach to Understanding Leftist Party Change in Brazil: Corporate Campaign Contributions, Leadership Moderation, and Societal Interests." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276807052.

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14

Long, Anne-Marie. "Ragtime, revisioning menstrual praxis; implications of personal, societal and commercial interests in menstruating and alternative and mainstream menstrual products." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0019/MQ49394.pdf.

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15

Fahlbeck, Erland. "En diktaturs väg in i informationssamhället : Kina och World Summit on the Information Society = [The way of a dictatorship into the information society] : [ China and the World Summit on the Information Society] /." Borås : Högsk. i Borås, Bibliotekshögskolan/Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, 2004. http://www.hb.se/bhs/slutversioner/2004/04-29.pdf.

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16

Shichida, Toshi. "The Workings of Admiration and Adoration in Contrast to Self-Interest Within Religious Families." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5843.

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The workings of admiration and adoration within individuals and the family as attitudes against self-interest were investigated. Interviews with American families in two New England states from ten Christian denominations (n = 20) were analyzed qualitatively. As a result, admiration was observed among almost all the families. Three means-end structures emerged in regard to spouses' configuration of the components of adoration, and these three groups of families indicated different features of family. The spouses of the Holistic Devotion (HD) group devoted all resources to God, rejecting the quest for self-interest, defining marriage/family as a coherent unit to serve God. The children participated in this attitude, expressing a similar devotion to God and rejection of self-interest. The spouses of the Personal God (PG) group perceived God as a meaning-maker and a benefactor who was involved in marriage, having multiple goals including spiritual growth and marital care and togetherness. The children expressed similar goals, including family togetherness and affirmation of satisfaction of self-interest. The spouses of the God-as-Benefactor (GB) group mentioned only admiration, and perceived that God was less involved in marriage; they valued marital care that functioned as mutual satisfaction of self-interest. The children similarly sought family togetherness, were centered in self-interest, and religion was instrumental to their self-interest. Six functions working in the family relationships of the HD group were elaborated, and the unique ontology behind these functions was analyzed.

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Nugroho, Yanuar. "Does the Internet transform civil society? : the case of Civil Society Organisations in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:58115.

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The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), particularly the Internet, has attracted huge attention. Despite the attention paid to research into Internet use in homes, government agencies and business firms, little attention has been paid to other types of organisations such as civil society organisations (CSOs).

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18

Ibarra, Cristina A. "A Rumination on the Internet as a Developing Medium on Subjects Affecting Societal Norms." Ohio Dominican University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=odu1351088918.

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19

Shirley, Wesley, and Wesley Shirley. "When Activism Is Terrorism: Special Interest Politics and State Repression of the Animal Rights Movement." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12448.

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The radical animal rights movement has been labeled a terrorist movement by federal law enforcement and elected officials, and there have been laws passed making direct action in the name of animal rights a federal offense of domestic terrorism. This dissertation explores the ways in which terrorism has been socially and politically constructed to marginalize the animal rights movement, to the benefit of powerful and well connected interests. I do this by comparing the radical animal rights and extreme anti-abortion movements, especially in the ways each gets labeled by federal law enforcement. The animal rights movement is more likely to be referred to as a terrorist movement, even though the extreme anti-abortion movement has been responsible for the murders and assaults of health clinic workers and doctors. This in spite of the fact that no one has been physically harmed by the animal rights movement. I examine the ways in which the pharmaceutical and bio-medical industries have been able to get laws passed, at both the state and federal levels, criminalizing animal rights activism. I also explore the various ways animal rights activists have faced political repression based on their political beliefs, as well as the response of animal rights activists and civil liberties lawyers to this form of state repression.

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20

Wenhold, Marece. "The Black Sash : assessment of a South African political interest group." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1304.

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21

Grönlund, Åke. "Public computer systems, the client-organization encounter, and the societal dialogue." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-65821.

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Public computer systems (PCS) are systems designed for use at the interface between organizations and their clients. PCS intervene in client-organization relations; the questions discussed in this thesis are what role they play in the client-organization encounter, what role they could and should play, and what theories might be available to guide the development of such systems. While the fields of Human-Computer Interaction (HCl) and Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) focus on (one) man - (one) machine interaction and computer-mediated interaction in small groups respectively, this study focuses on computer-mediated or computer supported interaction between organizations and individual clients. This focus is chosen because the emerging electronic markets make social dimensions not covered by HCl and CSCW relevant to information systems design. While PCS and electronic markets have so far been studied mainly from technical and economic perspectives, this study takes a communications perspective. The nature of actual PCS implementations is studied with respect to changes in the communicational style of the client-organization encounter. The relations between organizations and clients concern not only the actors directly involved. They also affect the general social climate, the societal dialogue, particularly so when public agencies are concerned. What does it mean to change the arenas for the societal dialogue? One candidate theory pertinent to PCS impact on the societal dialogue, participatory theory as of Rousseau, J. S. Mill and Cole, is investigated. Based on this theory, a model for participatory information systems (PARTIS) is developed. This model is proposed as a base for PCS design. The Feedback Learning Strategy (FLS) is then outlined as a method for the design and redesign of the computerized parts of a PARTIS. The strategy is based on built-in functions aimed at encouraging and facilitating participation. An example of a FLS prototype system, the LiveBetter, is introduced and discussed. Conclusions are in short: • PCS are important ingredients in societal information systems, and must therefore be designed to support communication according to democratic principles. • To be effective, PCS must be well integrated with organizational structures. • Participatory information systems must include a redesign forum that supports discovery, fair interest articulation, multiple descriptions, equality, and conflict resolution. • The specific design of those facilities must be done in each case. This is a challenge for systems design which I call conversation management; it is more an organizational challenge than a technical one. • Computerized tools may be used to enhance the participatoriness of the systems.

Diss. Umeå : Univ.

digitalisering@umu

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22

Murthy, Jaya D. "Evolution of the Internet and its impact on society." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31127.

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The Internet has emerged as a prominent medium of communication. Today, it has become the focus of enormous debate and evaluation. The objective of this study is to examine the evolution of its impact on society. In this regard, various interpretations of its societal impact are provided. First, the debate on the information society exhibits the widespread belief that society is transforming and a new type of society is emerging. Second, a chronological description of the evolution and development of the Internet displays its burgeoning growth and current utility and capacities. Third, optimistic and pessimistic perspectives elucidate opposite views of the potential it can have on society and humankind. Lastly, a synchronic analysis of media coverage, using The Globe and Mail as an illustration, demonstrates the present reporting of its impact. These various interpretations provide an understanding of the Internet's increasing significance and position within society.

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23

Felicello, Rosanne Elena. "Is America driven by profit?: a sociological study of private versus public interests in American society." Thesis, Boston University, 1999. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27646.

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Fisher, Lyndsey. "How Kosovar citizens engage in the political process : the role of interest groups and the uses of technology /." Link to online version, 2006. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/2070.

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Khiznyak, S. S. "The impact of social media on society." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14374.

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26

Van, Houten Kirsten. "Translating Interests and Negotiating Hybridity: The Contributions of Local Civil Society Organisations to Peacebuilding in South Kivu." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38538.

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This thesis examines the role of local civil society organisations (CSOs) in representing and addressing local needs in hybridized peacebuilding processes in South Kivu, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). To do so it examines how local CSOs contribute to peacebuilding efforts, as well as who and what influence those contributions. Further, it considers the potential reach of such interventions at the community, provincial and national levels. The research for this thesis examines three locally founded and operated civil society organisations in Bukavu, South Kivu, whose efforts directly respond to known local causes of conflict in the region. Its findings demonstrate how they translate the needs and knowledge of community-level actors to external and international partners, from whom they receive funding and knowledge that support their ability to deliver peacebuilding projects that respond to those community-level needs. While their external international partners were found to maintain material power in relation to these peacebuilding interventions, the local CSOs were shown to hold significant discursive power in this role of translators and intermediaries in these processes. These findings challenge homogenous constructions of the local presented by post-liberal peacebuilding literature. They recognize the diversity of the local including individuals or groups who have been directly impacted by an ongoing violent conflict in a fixed geographical location whose experiences of war are shaped by their identities, and who share long-term interests in potential peace. Understanding the local in this way acknowledges a spectrum of actors contributing to peacebuilding in South Kivu and invites a reconsideration of binary constructions of hybridity. Acknowledging the important role that civil society and other intermediaries play in peacebuilding offers a foundation of understanding hybridity as a process of translation rather than shock.

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Swenson, Sarah A. "A gene's eye vew : W.D. Hamilton, the science of society, and the new biology of enlightened self-interest, 1950-1990." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4c979713-0911-4cc0-9a7f-05fb0455f128.

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W.D. Hamilton has been celebrated as the twentieth-century Darwin. His extension of evolutionary theory to explain social behaviours has been extensively documented. Current accounts, however, have often overlooked the extent to which his early research goals were tied to his desire to see that a better world was created through a scientific understanding of society. In fact, when his interests in humans, and especially his eugenic concerns, have been acknowledged, they have been distanced from his scientific achievements and treated separately. Using new sources to reexamine the development of Hamilton’s most famous idea, the theory of inclusive fitness, we may better understand how his perception of cultural upheaval shaped his reading of social behaviours as evolved characters following universal laws. Understanding this, we may see that however successful Hamilton was, he never realized his original dream, which was to devise a theory that would inform the human world, replacing religious and ideological beliefs. As he sought to solidify his career in the 1970s, he moved away from publicly disclosing his more controversial ideas. This meant that by the time the science of social behaviour inspired heated debates, he was almost always absolved from political critiques. Many assumed that his theory was derived from observations of insects, and his eugenic ideas were forgotten, ignored, or not understood. He was therefore well positioned to become the objective figurehead of a new discipline, sociobiology. This does not mean that his desire to understand society as the result of genetic laws subsided, and by placing inclusive fitness against its social and political background, we might reimagine its trajectory and its impact in new ways. We might also begin to see Hamilton not as an isolated scholar unengaged with society but as an individualist whose extra-scientific beliefs paralleled his scientific theories in meaningful ways.

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Stewart, James. "Encounters with the Information Society." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8981.

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This research introduces a novel methodology to study the appropriation of new Information and Communication technologies (ICTs) or "Multimedia" in a natural setting. This includes computers, mobile phones and television, and any application and service based on these. Building on theoretical and empirical research in technology studies, diffusion of innovations and consumer research, the study investigates the processes of adoption, consumption and domestication across the life-space of individuals and natural groups. The BEAN approach is developed to investigate data from qualitative fieldwork that engaged with respondents in four natural social networks. This shows how a range of new ICTs are entering into the everyday world of these respondents, and how they engage with them: the way these technologies are appropriated, including adoption, learning and struggling, but also strategies of resistance, non-adoption, and arms-length appropriation. It shows the importance of the informal economy in providing access to technology, skills, knowledge and resources to deal with the complexities and difficulties of adopting and using ICTs. In particular, it finds the local expert is crucial to the adoption and use of many of these technologies, providing support that the commercial world fails or is unable to provide.

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Keiter, Lindsay Mitchell. "Uniting Interests: The Economic Functions of Marriage in America, 1750-1860." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539791829.

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This dissertation, "Uniting Interests: Money, Property, and Marriage in America, 1750-1860," examines how marriage was an essential economic transaction that responded to the development of capitalism in early America. Drawing on scholarship on the history of economic development, household organization, law, and gender, I argue that families actively distributed resources at marriage as part of larger wealth management strategies that were sensitive to regional and national economic growth. I focus particularly on women's property holding and how families deployed the legal protection of women's property as bulwarks against financial disaster. This project restores the family and women to the narrative of capitalistic development, breaking down the fictive divide between public and private economies. Early chapters explore how families planned for wealth distribution when children married and the strategies they employed to attract financially suitable partners. Subsequent chapters explore how some couples negotiated or rejected protection for married women's property, how individuals mobilized kinship networks created by marriage to their advantage, and the balance related families struck between financial assistance and self-interest. The final chapters explore how property was central to families' responses to married women's distress and to suspicions of female infidelity. In so doing, I demonstrate that the economic functions of marriage fundamentally shaped American families and relationships throughout the eighteenth and well into the nineteenth century. Despite regional differences in social and economic development, the legal structure of marriage was widely shared and remarkably durable. I argue that even progressive developments in marriage law and practice were often motivated more by the desire for financial security than by concerns for female independence. More broadly, this project reveals how sexual inequality in early American was in large part created and maintained through the laws and practices of marriage.

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Farag, Ahmed M. "The internet in Egyptian society and its use as a news medium /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84507.

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The Internet news medium has immense potential to restructure the existing media regime in Egypt. Online news sites offer new patterns for the production and consumption of media content and function as communication spaces in realms which lie beyond existing social and political constraints. This dissertation begins with an analysis of the social construction of the Internet in Egypt. It endeavours to show how certain political, economic and cultural interests and the agendas of key social actors are shaping the development of the Internet in Egypt. It also describes how institutional arrangements, the regulatory system and the communications culture are mediating the implementation and uses of the Internet. Following this analysis, the dissertation explores the nature of the Internet news medium, its communication architecture and its unique capabilities. Case studies of two Egyptian news organizations and their online news production processes are presented in order to develop an understanding of journalists' conceptions of the new medium, their work practices and the online gate-keeping processes. These case studies highlight different methods for constructing online audiences and different ways to approach the online news medium. Online news text and its structural and stylistic features are then analysed. Finally, the impact of the Internet on the mass media regime is assessed, paying particular attention to issues of access and participation, censorship and freedom of expression. The dissertation closes by considering the implications of the online medium for the emerging civil society in Egypt. The online medium permits new actors to participate freely in public debate, and could thus present a serious challenge to the dominance of the state in the public domain.

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Muir, Jenny. "The state and civil society in urban regeneration : the representation of local interests in area-based regeneration programmes." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399967.

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Crider, Mark. "Managing professional and labor interests through organizational change in the American Nurses Association: A professional society case study." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3324578.

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33

Silkey, Sarah Lynn. "Evolving morality in a transatlantic society : Ida B. Wells, anti-lynching activism, and British interest in American race relations, 1877-1914." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435129.

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Wilkinson, Katherine Elizabeth. "Ulrich Beck's 'risk society' thesis and representations of food and eating in the British general interest women's magazine sector 1979-2003." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12865/.

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Beck asserts that since the 1950s, broad social transformations have radically altered collective relations. According to Beck, these changes have rendered conventional materialist analyses no longer appropriate to describe the new times we are living in. Beck links radical restructuring of organisational forms with the reorientation of cultural experience and modern selfhood as we move from ‘class’ to ‘risk’ positions (Beck, 1992: Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, 2003). This thesis employs a creative operationalisation of the key dimensions of Beck’s predictions, allowing them to be tested as hypotheses using data from the women’s magazine sector. Beck’s idea that cultural organisational practice is coming under increasing pressure to reorganise and encompass new principles of social orientation is critically evaluated. The magazine titles selected for analysis represent the different socioeconomic, age and family responsibility status of this sector’s target audience. A longitudinal sample of the representation of food and eating is subject to a textual analysis to catalogue the historical development of these processes. In addition, interviews with editorial staff examine the underlying production principles of mediated selection and framing practice. Empirical evidence is generated to assess whether changing institutional practice is involved in society’s move from one set of social arrangements to another. This thesis essentially evaluates Beck’s assertion that the forces transforming organisational practice are rooted in an innovative institutional drive to democratise. The findings suggest that Beck’s explanation is insufficient and that classical materialist and market-driven accounts of institutional policy and practice remain appropriate.

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Arguello, Salvador Carleton University Dissertation Journalism and Communication. "The Impact of the Internet in Costa Rican journalism and society." Ottawa, 1996.

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36

Novaretti, S. "LE 'AZIONI PER IL PUBBLICO INTERESSE' IN CINA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/156260.

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There are growing signs of the emergence of a new Chinese civil society which stems from a heightened consciousness of the Chinese people to their rights and displays a greater willingness to face challenges in order to defend such rights by means of litigation. Evidence of such a shift can be detected in the intensification of what has been defined, in Chinese, as gongyi susong (literally: public intrest litigation). Although this kind of litigation constitutes a rather recent development in China, recourse to such a device has seen an exponential growth in recent years and has become one of the fundamental topics of debate and investigation in fields which extend well beyond scholarship and case law. The Chinese definition itself discloses an indebtment to American conceptions of public interest litigation, and a growing number of NGOs, law firms, lawyers (and, at times, individuals) file such cases almost on a daily basis, reminding government authorities of their duties and obligations under the law. This has, in some instances, led to outright confrontation with the regime in the name of public interest. What is meant, concretely, in China, by “public interest litigation”? What tools can Chinese citizens and their lawyers use to defend the public interest? Moreover, what is the public interest which “gongyi susong” claims seek to safeguard? The present thesis addresses and provides some insight on the foregoing questions, through the lens of a series of interviews carried out by the author in 2009 with Chinese lawyers based in Beijing.

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Hannigan, Kerry. "Protection and security in a technologically advanced society : children and young people's perspectives." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21562.

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The continuous advancement of new technology, specifically in the area of internet technology, has led to an increase in concerns surrounding children and young people’s safety when online. The following thesis describes a study of protection and security on the internet from the perspective of children and young people and contributes and expands on the findings of my Masters Dissertation which examined parents’ perceptions of children at risk on the internet. The research focuses on young people’s perspectives about what risks they face and what would keep them safe and is set within literature on child sex abusers and internet grooming. The thesis is based on an online survey which gathered information about the behaviour and opinions of 859 children and young people living in Scotland. Findings were separated into four main topics: children and young people’s behaviour on the internet, children and young people’s perception of strangers both online and offline, children and young people’s opinion of education on internet safety and children and young people’s opinion of the government’s role in relation to their safety online. Respondents’ stated that they wanted to be protected when on the internet (whilst acknowledging their own responsibility when online), either by the government or through those responsible for the content of the internet. They also provided several suggestions on how schools and the government can do more to listen to their voices and improve internet safety education. There were a number of children and young people who reported that they disclosed personal information over the internet (their own and that of their friends and family) and that they were willing to meet people in the real environment whom they had been communicating with online: many respondents’ viewed internet ‘strangers’ as different from ‘strangers’ in the real environment. Vygotsky’s (1978) theory of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and Wood et al.’s (1976) development of the concept of scaffolding, which has been developed in an educational rather than criminological context, were identified as offering some promise for explaining the behaviour of both the victims and the offender as other theories of sexual offending (either specific theories or explanations developed from general theories) are incapable of fully providing an explanation that will encompass grooming in general and online grooming in particular. It is argued that if these theories are applied to internet safety education they have the potential to empower children and young people and make grooming tactics and approaches less effective. The findings also indicated that more child and young people-oriented protection measures may be needed. Perceptions of protection and security on the internet were wide ranging but respondents were keen to provide possible solutions and examples of how to improve their safety when online. This would suggest that communicating with children and young people when developing policy, legislation, research and educational materials is the way forward if we wish to improve their safety and eliminate or reduce the dangers they face when using the internet.

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Warusfel, Bertrand. "Le secret de la defense nationale : protection des interets de la nation et libertes publiques dans une societe d'information." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05D007.

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Le secret etatique traditionnel s'est transforme progressivement en un concept de droit penal : le secret de la defense nationale. Mais sa definition legale reste toujours difficile. Le nouveau code penal apporte, en la matiere, deux innovations : elle en fait une simple composante d'un dispositif plus vaste de protection des "interets fondamentaux de la nation" ; elle ile etroitement l'existence d'un secret aux mesures prises pour sa protection. Cette protection s'appuie sur les services de securite et de contre-espionnage, qui mettent en oeuvre les regles de protection du secret relatives aux supports d'information, aux personnes et a la protection physique des sites. Mais ce dispositif de protection est confronte aux realites de la societe d'information contemporaine qui se caracterise par d'importantes mutations dues notamment au developpement des systemes d'information. De plus, risquant d'etre discredite par les abus periodiques que peut engenter sa pratique, le secret de defense se trouve limite juridiquement par les lois organisant l'information des citoyens. Mais cette limitation a priori du secret ne suffit pas a pallier l'absence de contre-pouvoir a posteriori. Il est donc urgent - dans l'interet meme de la securite nationale - de mettre en place un controle de la pratique du secret
In france, the traditionnal state secret has progressively turned into a criminal law concept : the secret of national defence. However definition of its content and scope of its enforcement are still a difficult matter. The new definition of the defence secret stated in the new penal code sets out two innovations : 1 the defence secret is made a simple part of a larger mechanism which protects the "core interests of the nation". 2 the legal existence of defence secret is also closely tied up to the measures taken by the administration to protect it. This protection of secret is based on security services which enforce regulations relating to information medias (classification), to people (positive vetting and "need to know") and to physical protection of sites. However, this mechanism of protection is confronted to realities of the contemporay information society which is characterized by significant developments mainly from the use of information technologies. Moreover, the defence secret might be discredited by perioic misuses which can be generated, and also be legally limited by laws regulating the citizens'information rights. However, this a priori limitation enough to overcome the lack of a posteriori counter-popwer in the very interest of the national security - to enforce controls ont the use of secret

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Abdalla, Mikhaeil Christine. "Integrating Online-Offline Interactions to Explain Societal Challenges." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED062/document.

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Malgré une littérature abondante sur les conséquences des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC), cette littérature n'aborde que trop peu les conséquences sociétales, qu'elles soient positives ou négatives, intentionnelles ou non. Parce que les interactions se propagent au-delà de l'espace en ligne et de ces conséquences paradoxales, les défis sociétaux sont un problème complexe. C'est pour ces raisons que nous avons besoin d'une meilleure compréhension des problèmes sociaux complexes. Pour ce faire, nous avons adopté le modèle de la thèse sur travaux. Les trois études de ce travail de doctorat adoptent une approche qualitative et un positionnement réaliste critique. Nous examinons un premier cas : celui du Printemps Arabe et l'utilisation de Facebook. Etudier ces types d'événements contemporains ne vient pas sans difficultés analytiques. Par conséquent, nous utilisons un outil d'analyse sémiotique pour faire face à la complexité représentationnelle des données recueillies. Enfin, les communautés en ligne peuvent également générer des coûts sociaux en fournissant un espace se faisant l'écho à des comportements socialement indésirables
Despite the wide literature on the consequences of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) use, the literature still lacks understanding about the societal consequences, positive or negative, intended or unintended. Consequences of technology usages on society are paradoxical. The paradoxical outcomes can be threat to the sustainability of society. Because interactions spread beyond the online space and its outcomes are paradoxical, societal challenges are complex problem. To harvest society, we need a better understanding of social complex problems. To do so, we adopted a multi-study dissertation model. The three studies of this doctoral work adopt a qualitative approach and a critical realist philosophy.We look at a first case: The Arab Spring and aim at understanding how an online community that started on Facebook materialized in urban space, changing the political landscape. Addressing these contemporaneous events does not come without analytical challenges. Therefore, we use and extend a semiotic analytical tool to face the representational complexity: Finally, online communities can also have social costs by providing an echo chamber to socially undesirable behaviors

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Undrahbuyan, Baasanjav. "Internet content and use by civil society and government institutions in Mongolia the situation in 2005 /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1163524341.

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Aso, Miranda Laura. "El triunfo de la apariencia sobre el ser. La construcción de la identidad mediante el consumo continuo de experiencias y su exhibición en redes sociales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673015.

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Esta tesis parte del vínculo entre economía, cultura y sociedad establecido por autores clásicos como Weber, Simmel y la Escuela de Frankfurt. Tiende un puente entre la sociedad del consumo conspicuo de bienes materiales descrita por Veblen, donde regía una lógica de notoriedad posteriormente apoyada en el símbolo tangible de la marca, y la sociedad del postfordismo basada en la eficiencia just in time, en la que el individuo debe construirse a sí mismo ante la falta de referentes tradicionales como la familia y la religión. Debido a que los valores postmaterialistas que guían su conducta son frágiles, encuentra en el consumo una herramienta para forjar su identidad, siguiendo una lógica de autoafirmación. Concretamente, la halla en el consumo continuo de experiencias (término acuñado a raíz del protagonismo de las experiencias en la economía de servicios) y en su comunicación en redes sociales. Ambas dinámicas conforman juntas una tendencia social hegemónica situada en un plano intangible. Para argumentarlo, se utilizan teorías que hacen de bisagra entre el nivel social y el individual, como la dramaturgia de Goffman y el interaccionismo simbólico de Mead. Aplicando éste, la persona (“self”) se constituye en la continua interrelación entre el contenido proveniente de redes sociales (“mí”, llamado interacciones potenciadoras) y el generado como respuesta (“yo”, llamado interacciones comunicadoras). Se concluye que el consumidor ya no sólo participa en el proceso productivo como apunta Ritzer sino también en el publicitario, al crear contenido en las redes consideradas en la tesis (Instagram, Facebook, YouTube). Éstas estimulan la demanda de experiencias cada vez más variadas y novedosas, acelerando tanto la sofisticación de la oferta como el hedonismo experiencial, mientras aseguran su perpetuación y ejercen el papel de los mass media. Los ciclos de consumo y retorno de la inversión tienden a reducirse, el capital y los stocks parecen rotar más y el alquiler/ lo intangible se privilegia sobre la propiedad/ lo tangible. El estudio de la identidad permite ver cómo la sociología sirve a la comprensión del comportamiento del consumidor y es aplicable en ciencias sociales como el marketing, el turismo o el management; también en psicología social porque proporciona un marco de referencia para la investigación del FOMO (fear of missing out), que operativiza el constructo consumo continuo de experiencias. Para que los hallazgos se apliquen de forma ética, es necesario tener en cuenta que lo descrito sucede a costa del individuo, de su deshumanización y la debilitación de su sistema moral, que en vez de oponerse a la deriva del mercado la refuerza y anuncia el colapso de la civilización occidental. Al buscar la felicidad eudaimónica, el actor social se topa con la hedónica y la confunde con ella, dándose una relación dialógica entre ambas. La identidad que adquiere es: 1) estandarizada (resultado de la influencia uniformadora del mercado y las modas), 2) revisable (temporal y ansiosa), 3) imaginaria (fruto de una autoimagen engrandecida). Se perciben cinco consecuencias directas: falta de autoestima, falsas expectativas, insatisfacción, vacuidad y coste de oportunidad. Se detecta que las relaciones de amistad basadas en determinados valores como la libertad, la autenticidad y la empatía, contrarios a los presentes en la identidad estandarizada, revisable e imaginaria, pueden representar una alternativa. La investigación se efectuó en 2019, en una etapa anterior a la COVID-19. Se aplicó el análisis de contenido en 18 relatos comunicativos y 12 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizados a sujetos descontentos con el fenómeno de estudio y críticos con él, en el marco de las metodologías comunicativa y narrativa. Ambas ponen el foco en las oportunidades de transformación del individuo y su comunidad, al abrir la puerta al cuestionamiento ético de las tendencias sociales imperantes, la toma de conciencia de los procesos sociales que determinan la conducta y la adopción de estilos de vida alternativos como el consumerismo. Los ciudadanos también podrían crear redes colaborativas en comunidades regidas por principios de economía social. Por su parte, el sistema productivo podría estimular un consumo sostenible adaptado a las particularidades de los clientes que fortaleciera los vínculos entre ellos y fuera fuente de sentido existencial. La etapa venidera puede suponer una nueva aceleración de los actos de producción y consumo en un contexto de creciente inestabilidad, pero con espacio para la agencia individual y social.
The present thesis begins with the link between economy, culture and society established by classical authors such as Weber, Simmel and the Frankfurt School. It builds a bridge between the consumption society of material goods described by Veblen, ruled by a logic of conspicuousness later supported by the tangible symbols of brands, and the post-fordist society based on just-in-time efficiency, in which individuals have to construct themselves due to the lack of traditional referents such as family and religion. Given the fragility of postmaterialist values guiding behaviour, individuals find a way to forge their identity in consumption, according to a self-affirmation logic. More specifically, they find it in continuous consumption of experiences (a term coined as a result of the importance of experiences in the service economy), and in its communication through social media. Both dynamics form together a hegemonic social trend at an intangible level. This is supported by theories that connect the social and the individual realms, such as Goffman’s dramaturgy and Mead’s symbolic interactionism. By applying the latter, the self is constituted by the continuous interrelationship between the social media content (“me”, the so called empowering interactions) and the content generated as an answer (“I”, the so called communicative interactions). It is concluded that consumers do not only participate in the productive process, as Ritzer points out, but also in the advertising process, by creating content in the social media platforms considered in this thesis (Instagram, Facebook, YouTube). They stimulate the demand of increasingly varied and new experiences by accelerating both the sophistication of supply and the experiential hedonism. These platforms ensure their perpetuation this way while playing the role of mass media. Consumer cycles and return on investment tend to be reduced, capital and stocks seem to rotate more, and rentals and intangible goods are encouraged more than property and tangible goods. The study of identity is useful to see how sociology contributes to understand consumer behaviour and can be applied to social sciences such as marketing, tourism or management. It contributes also to social psychology by providing a theoretical framework for the research of FOMO (fear of missing out), which operationalises the continuous consumption of experiences construct. In order to apply the findings ethically, it must be considered that the abovementioned processes take place at the expense of individuals, of their dehumanization and the weakening of their moral system, which reinforces the market drift instead of opposing it and foresees the collapse of the Western civilization. When seeking for eudaimonic happiness, social actors encounter hedonic happiness and confuse it with the former. Consequently, a dialogical relationship between them is generated. The resultant identity is: 1) standardized (because of the uniformising influence of market and trends), 2) revisable (temporary and anxious), and 3) imaginary (the fruit of a magnified self-image). Five direct consequences are perceived: lack of self-esteem, false expectations, dissatisfaction, emptiness and opportunity costs. It is detected that friendships based on certain values such as freedom, authenticity and empathy, which are the opposite of those present in standardized, revisable and imaginary identities, may be an alternative. The research was carried out in 2019, in a prior stage of COVID-19. Content analysis was applied to 18 communicative daily life stories and 12 semi-structured interviews conducted with subjects dissatisfied and critical with the phenomenon studied, within the communicative and narrative methodologies framework. Both are set on the transformation opportunities of individuals and their communities by allowing them to question the ethics of the prevailing social trends, to raise awareness about the social processes determining their behaviour and to adopt alternative lifestyles such as consumerism. Citizens may also create collaborative networks in communities governed by principles of social economy. Likewise, the production system could stimulate a kind of sustainable consumption adapted to customers’ needs by strengthening the bonds among them, becoming a source of existential sense. The coming stage might involve the acceleration of production and consumption acts in a context of increasing instability but with room for individual and social agency.

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Strid, Sofia. "Gendered interests in the European Union : the European Women's Lobby and the organisation and representation of women's interests /." Doctoral thesis, Örebro : Örebro University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-8633.

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Lovink, Geert. "Dynamics of critical internet culture (1994-2001) /." Connect to thesis, 2003. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000768.

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Bortolato, Edoardo <1994&gt. "La tassazione dei capital gain e il rapporto tra la tassazione del socio e della società. Approfondimento sui Pir e sui carried interest." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14021.

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Il nuovo regime fiscale delle plusvalenze da partecipazioni alla luce della cd. Legge di stabilità 2018. A questa prima parte dell'elaborato verrà aggiunta, inoltre, una disamina relativa alle modifiche apportate, sempre dalla Legge di stabilità, ai PIR e ai Carried interest .

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45

Ihua-Maduenyi, Fortune Amezhinim. "Considering the rights and best interests of a child in a multi-cultural civil society with special reference to Nigeria." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9632.

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The emergence of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) 1989 is a welcome development in the international community. However, there is difficulty in understanding the extent to which some of the principles contained therein are manifested, especially where questions as to the universal application of these principles arise. One of such principles is the best interests of the child (BIC). This thesis argues that the way this principle is interpreted and applied by various states will to a large extent, be influenced by pluralistic cultural conditions of those states despite the view that in interpreting the UNCRC consideration should be given to cultural relativism. The thesis shows how cultural, religious, economic and social factors affect the implementation of the BIC principle. It focuses on some factors which influence the definitional process and application of this major concept in the UNCRC with a view to establishing that there is no single meaning for the term ‘best interests’. In the light of the foregoing, the thesis seeks to establish that the standard varies from societies thereby resulting in difficulties in ascertaining the universal definition of the BIC. By way of analysis, the thesis draws examples from other jurisdictions with particular emphasis on Nigeria and demonstrates that the country’s diverse ethnic, cultural and religious inclinations which conflict with the legislative provisions constitute impediments in effectively implementing children‟s rights. One of the problems is the domestication of international treaties into national law. The thesis concludes that there is need to strike a balance to ensure that the BIC is protected globally irrespective of the factors affecting its proper implementation across jurisdictions. This research is intended to provide the necessary insights that would assist policy makers to build children’s best interests into national priorities and policies bearing in mind multi-culturalism.

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46

Sanjay, Sujaya. "Essential Security Interests in Investment Arbitration : Should ESI clauses in BITs be interpreted as per customary international law?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412243.

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47

Bianculli, Andrea C. "Trade governance in latin America. Interest articulation and institutions across negotiations in Argentina and Chile." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7255.

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The trade agenda has undergone significant transformations during the last 25 years. Negotiations have moved from the reciprocal reduction of tariff barriers to include the construction and harmonization of regulatory frameworks in different policy areas, while trade liberalization has simultaneously advanced at the regional and multilateral levels.
This research explores under what conditions the launch of trade negotiations - symmetric (South- outh), asymmetric (North-South), and multilateral - have a differential impact on domestic governance. Based on a systematic and contextualized comparative analysis of the complex constellation of domestic actors and interests, and the relationships and interactions established among them in a particular institutional setting, our study argues that these different trade agendas generate diverse policy dynamics.
Findings show that the variation in the scope of the agenda, the uncertainty of political outcomes, and the technical requirements attached to these negotiations have important consequences for the ways in which domestic state and non-state actors define their interests and collective action strategies.
La agenda comercial ha sufrido importantes modificaciones durante los últimos 25 años. Las negociaciones han pasado de la reducción recíproca de tarifas a la construcción y armonización regulatoria en distintas áreas de política, mientras que la liberalización comercial ha avanzado simultáneamente a nivel regional y multilateral.
Esta investigación explora bajo qué condiciones el lanzamiento de negociaciones comerciales - imétricas (Sur-Sur), asimétricas (Norte-Sur) y multilaterales - tiene un impacto diferente sobre la gobernanza doméstica. A través de la comparación sistemática y contextualizada de la compleja constelación de actores e intereses domésticos, y de las relaciones e interacciones establecidas entre ellos en un determinado escenario institucional, nuestro estudio plantea que estas distintas agendas generan diferentes dinámicas políticas.
Los resultados muestran que la variación en el alcance de la agenda, la incertidumbre de los resultados políticos, y los requisitos técnicos de estas negociaciones tienen importantes consecuencias sobre la manera en que los actores estatales y no estatales definen sus intereses y estrategias de acción colectiva.

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48

Bianculli, Andrea Carla. "Trade governance in latin America. Interest articulation and institutions across negotiations in Argentina and Chile." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7255.

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Анотація:

The trade agenda has undergone significant transformations during the last 25 years. Negotiations have moved from the reciprocal reduction of tariff barriers to include the construction and harmonization of regulatory frameworks in different policy areas, while trade liberalization has simultaneously advanced at the regional and multilateral levels.This research explores under what conditions the launch of trade negotiations - symmetric (South- outh), asymmetric (North-South), and multilateral - have a differential impact on domestic governance. Based on a systematic and contextualized comparative analysis of the complex constellation of domestic actors and interests, and the relationships and interactions established among them in a particular institutional setting, our study argues that these different trade agendas generate diverse policy dynamics. Findings show that the variation in the scope of the agenda, the uncertainty of political outcomes, and the technical requirements attached to these negotiations have important consequences for the ways in which domestic state and non-state actors define their interests and collective action strategies.
La agenda comercial ha sufrido importantes modificaciones durante los últimos 25 años. Las negociaciones han pasado de la reducción recíproca de tarifas a la construcción y armonización regulatoria en distintas áreas de política, mientras que la liberalización comercial ha avanzado simultáneamente a nivel regional y multilateral.Esta investigación explora bajo qué condiciones el lanzamiento de negociaciones comerciales - imétricas (Sur-Sur), asimétricas (Norte-Sur) y multilaterales - tiene un impacto diferente sobre la gobernanza doméstica. A través de la comparación sistemática y contextualizada de la compleja constelación de actores e intereses domésticos, y de las relaciones e interacciones establecidas entre ellos en un determinado escenario institucional, nuestro estudio plantea que estas distintas agendas generan diferentes dinámicas políticas. Los resultados muestran que la variación en el alcance de la agenda, la incertidumbre de los resultados políticos, y los requisitos técnicos de estas negociaciones tienen importantes consecuencias sobre la manera en que los actores estatales y no estatales definen sus intereses y estrategias de acción colectiva.

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49

Roos, Bertil. "ICT and formative assessment in the learning society." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Education, Umeå University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-477.

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50

Veà, i. Baró Andreu 1969. "Historia, Sociedad, Tecnología y Crecimiento de la Red. Una aproximación divulgativa a la realidad más desconocida de Internet." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9156.

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Historia, Sociedad, Tecnología y Crecimiento de la Red. Una aproximación divulgativa a la realidad más desconocida de Internet

El contenido de esta tesis abarca el estudio pormenorizado de los hechos que llevaron al diseño y posterior desarrollo de la tecnología que soporta Internet.

En ella se realiza a través de una recopilación exhaustiva de documentos (en muchos casos inéditos)₁, una descripción histórica de los principales hitos de Internet. Y un análisis comparativo de las distintas tecnologías de acceso, estableciendo factores de idoneidad tanto tecnológica como comercial de cada una de ellas.

La metodología que se ha desarrollado en todo el trabajo es la de contraste y verificación de los hechos expuestos mediante preguntas cruzadas a los autores.

Fundamentalmente se divide en estas cuatro partes temáticas:
- La Pre-Historia 1964-1994: descripción de toda la época de la que apenas existe información escrita₂. Y la historia vivida en España:
1984-1994 Primeros servicios de información on-line y redes precedentes a Internet
1995-2002 Relación del desarrollo de la red desde sus inicios hasta el estado actual

- Tecnología y Tendencias de Futuro. En donde se elabora un interesante análisis comparativo de las distintas tecnologías de acceso a la red. Posicionando los servicios y las tecnologías más atractivas.

- La Historia Oculta de Internet a Través de sus Personajes. En la que se sintetiza la importante parte práctica del trabajo de campo en la realización de 64 entrevistas personalizadas, a los personajes₃ que más han influido en el desarrollo de la Red y del sector de Internet.

- Y el Régimen Legal de Internet. Compendio de legislación monográfica que expone el impacto del regulador en nuestro país. Desde la Liberalización de las telecomunicaciones, a nuevas redes de acceso, accesos gratuitos, tarifas planas y modelos de interconexión por capacidad.

ANEXOS:

LA HEMEROTECA: Parte de la redacción final se ha basado en el paciente análisis de la hemeroteca monográfica de noticias de la red, construida desde 1994. Se presenta en formato digital (BBDD documental con más de 2000 documentos indexados).
LA CRONOLOGÍA: Además se incluye la relación de efemérides históricas de la red. Relacionando los principales hitos con todas sus fechas y personajes que han intervenido.
EL MERCADO DE INTERNET: Un análisis exhaustivo de la evolución del mercado de los proveedores de Internet en España. Evolución histórica del precio de 600 proveedores españoles (1994 - 2001) y de su paulatina desaparición.
HISTORIA GRÁFICA: Evolución de los programas y herramientas de navegación de Internet, de las páginas web así como de los kits de conexión de los distintos proveedores.
LA TERMINOLOGÍA: Recolección en formato de diccionario, de los principales términos técnicos, de las empresas destacadas, de los personajes y fechas clave. En un lenguaje divulgativo se definen más de 2.500 conceptos.

1 )Gracias a las entrevistas realizadas a los personajes que intervinieron en el desarrollo inicial de internet. 2 )Y la que está disponible está en inglés. 3) Tanto locales como internacionales.

Història, Societat, Tecnologia y Creixement de la Xarxa. Una aproximació divulgativa a la realitat més desconeguda d'Internet

El contingut d'aquesta tesi, inclou l'estudi pormenoritzat dels fets que portaren al disseny i posterior desenvolupament de la tecnologia que suporta internet.

En ella s'hi realitza mitjançant una recopilació exhaustiva de documents (en molts casos inèdits)₄, una descripció històrica de les principals fites d'internet. Així com un anàlisi comparatiu de les diferents tecnologies d'accés, establint factors d'idoneïtat tant tecnològica com comercial de cadascuna d'elles.

La metodologia que s'ha desenvolupat y emprat al llarg de tot el treball és la de contrast i verificació dels fets exposats mitjançant preguntes creuades als diferents autors.

Fonamentalment es divideix en quatre parts temàtiques:
- La Pre-Història 1964-1994: descripció de tota l'època de la que gairebé no existeix informació escrita₅. I la història viscuda a Espanya:
1984-1994 Primers serveis d'informació on-line i xarxes precedents a internet
1995-2002 Relat del desenvolupament de la xarxa des dels inicis fins l'estat actual

- Tecnologia i Tendències de Futur. On s'elabora un interessant anàlisi comparatiu de les diferents tecnologies d'accés a la xarxa. Posicionant els serveis i les tecnologies més atractives.

- La Historia Amagada d'Internet a Través dels seus Personatges. En la que es sintetitza la important part pràctica del treball de camp en la realització de 64 entrevistes personalitzades, als personatges₆ que més han influït en el desenvolupament de la Xarxa i del sector d'internet.

- I el Regim Legal d'Internet. Compendi de legislació monogràfica que exposa l'impacte del regulador en el nostre país. Des de la Liberalització de les telecomunicacions, passant per noves xarxes d'accés, accessos gratuïts i tarifes planes, fins als models d'interconnexió per capacitat.

ANNEXS:

L'HEMEROTECA: Part de la redacció final s'ha basat en el pacient anàlisi de l'hemeroteca monogràfica de notícies de la xarxa, construïda des de 1994. Es presenta en format digital (BBDD documental amb més de 2.000 documents indexats).
LA CRONOLOGIA: A més s'hi inclou la relació d'efemèrides històriques de la xarxa. Relacionant les principals fites amb totes les seves dates i personatges que hi han intervingut.
EL MERCAT D'INTERNET: Anàlisi exhaustiu de l'evolució del mercat dels proveïdors d'Internet a Espanya. Evolució històrica del preu de 600 proveïdors de l'estat espanyol (1994 - 2001) i de la seva paulatina desaparició.
HISTÒRIA GRÀFICA: Evolució dels programes i eines de navegació d'internet, de les pàgines web així com dels kits de connexió dels diferents proveïdors.
LA TERMINOLOGIA: Recol·lecció en format de diccionari, dels principals termes tècnics, de les empreses destacades, dels personatges i dates clau. En un llenguatge divulgatiu es defineixen més de 2.500 conceptes.

4) Gràcies a les entrevistes realitzades als personatges que intervingueren en el desenvolupament inicial d'Internet. 5 )I la que està disponible està en anglès. 6) Tant locals com internacionals.

History, Society, Technology and Network Development. An exposé of the most unknown face of the Internet

The content of this doctoral thesis consists of a detailed study of the facts associated with the design and later development of the technologies that support the Internet.

It has been prepared by collecting, compiling, and summarizing a fairly exhaustive set of materials - many of which have never been published. The document seeks to provide a broad and detailed description of (1) the major milestones in the development of the Internet and (2) a comparative analysis of the different technologies used to provide Internet access. In this last, the thesis evaluates the different technologies along the dimensions of technological and commercial suitability.

In all cases, the validity of the material used and the associated "facts" have been verified by conducting multiple interviews with their authors and cross-referencing them for internal and external consistency.

Specifically, the document consists of four broad themes:
- Internet Prehistory (1964-1994): A description of the events affecting the Internet over this period. Much of the associated material has never been published in Spanish. This section also includes a description of the events associated with the evolution of online services in Spain, which has been split into two sections:
1984-1994 Pioneering online information services and Pre-Internet Networks.
1995-2002 Spanish development of the Internet from its inception until its present state

- Technological Trends: A comparative analysis of the different technologies - past, present, and future - used to access the Internet.

- Untold Stories of the Internet: A description of the evolution of the Internet extracted from the content of interviews, conducted by the thesis author, of the 64 individuals (domestic and international) who most influenced the development of the early Internet and Spanish pioneers.

- Legal Régime of Internet: A compendium of Spanish law that deals with the regulation of the Internet and associated technologies including laws related to the liberalization of the telecommunications markets and to the management of / pricing for Internet access networks - free access, flat rates and capacity interconnection models.

APPENDICES:

PERIODICAL ARCHIVE: A digital compilation of a many articles related to the Internet since 1994 (Note: Over 2000 articles have been placed within a database with appropriate indices).
INTERNET DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE: A database of key Internet development milestones that includes a description of the event, the date, and the people involved.
MARKET ANALYSIS: An exhaustive analysis of the development of the Spanish ISP Market including the pricing evolution of over 600 Spanish Internet Service Providers (1994 - 2001) and their gradual disappearance - consolidation.
GRAPHICAL HISTORY: Compendium of images detailing the evolution of browsers, web-page design tools, and connection wizards of different ISPs
DICTIONARY OF INTERNET TERMS An over 2.500 entry dictionary detailing (in a divulging language), the main technical terms, industry-leasing companies, visionaries, and key dates & milestones.

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Дисертації з теми "Societal interest"

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Historia, Sociedad, Tecnología y Crecimiento de la Red. Una aproximación divulgativa a la realidad más desconocida de Internet

Història, Societat, Tecnologia y Creixement de la Xarxa. Una aproximació divulgativa a la realitat més desconeguda d'Internet

History, Society, Technology and Network Development. An exposé of the most unknown face of the Internet