Дисертації з теми "Social service, Rural"
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1
Burke, Tracey Kathleen. "Social services in rural Alaska : an ethnography of service provision in a Yupʼik Eskimo community /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8138.
2
Getz, William L. "Social Workers' Perceptions of a Rural Emergency Mental Health Trauma Service." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3607.
Анотація:
Studies have shown that emergency mental health trauma (EMHT) services can significantly reduce the long-term effects of trauma after a disaster. However, rural municipalities may find they do not have the capacity to create such a service, or may not realize that their disaster planning includes no provision for emergency mental health care. Such was the case in a rural island community in the state of Washington, where, in 2014, several residents initiated a discussion that helped to identify the community's lack of EMHT services. This project, framed by action research and based on collaboration theory, sought to advance the potential for the community's 21 resident social workers to address this issue collaboratively. Accordingly, the project's research question asked how social workers on south Whidbey Island perceived the issue of a rural EMHT service in their community. Data consisted of responses from 8 participants who completed mailed questionnaires and participated in brief telephone interviews. Descriptive coding analysis of the data confirmed a nearly universal lack of knowledge about an EMHT service, a clear perception of the need for such a service, and a unanimous commitment from the respondents to participate in addressing this problem. Such collaborative activity is expected to have a positive impact on the micro, mezzo, and macro levels of social work practice in south Whidbey, as well as on the community itself, not only in spearheading a dialogue about EMHT but also in activating a group of social workers who had no prior association.
3
Drew, Deborah L. "Preparation and Support of Professional Counselors Who Work in Rural Settings." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DrewDL2004.pdf.
4
Purba, Rasita Ekawati. "Rural women, poverty and social welfare programs in Indonesia /." Connect to this title, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0056.
5
Mlcek, Susan Huhana Elaine. "Paucity management models in community welfare service delivery." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/33647.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2008.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, Social Justice and Social Change Research Centre, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
6
McNicholl, Duncan Ryan. "Characteristics of stakeholder networks supporting institutional development in rural water service delivery." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270358.
Анотація:
Social network analysis was used in combination with qualitative methods to identify characteristics of stakeholder networks that supported cases of institutional development in rural water sectors in Ghana, Malawi, India, Tajikistan, and Bolivia. Institutions studied included local governments, a national government institution, and community operator committees managing water treatment facilities. Interviews with 162 participants in these countries used a facilitated network drawing exercise to capture data on stakeholder relationships and perceptions of factors supporting institutional development. Quantitative analysis of these networks and qualitative analysis of perceived factors identified three network characteristics as supporting institutional development for rural water supply in multiple countries and types of institutions. The three characteristics are: information and skill ties between an institution and stakeholders at lower levels of sector hierarchy; information and skill ties between an institution and stakeholders at higher levels of sector hierarchy; and coordination between stakeholders at higher levels of sector hierarchy that strongly engage an institution. These three characteristics can be observed from a network perspective, and qualitative descriptions of these interactions can improve understanding of the nuance and benefit of particular network ties. Social network analysis on its own cannot predict whether an institution will develop if these network characteristics exist, but it can be used to identify where network ties are absent or weakly developed. Methods and findings from this research enable a rigorous analysis of complex stakeholder interactions in rural water sectors to identify where particular relationships might be strengthened, and strengthening the environments that support institutional development has the potential to lead to the stronger institutions that are necessary for sustainable rural water service delivery.
7
Souza, Angela Márcia de [UNESP]. "Turismo rural: uma viagem de inclusão produtiva." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123356.
Анотація:
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000824645.pdf: 1398329 bytes, checksum: 2fdd2f929dbd9978163bf878ec4fe161 (MD5)Cette thèse étudie le phénomène du tourisme rural dans ses dimensions sociales sous la perspective des politiques publiques qui fonde le tourisme dans la quête du développement durable. La trajectoire de ses conceptions et les lacunes entre le défini, l’écrit, présenté dans le but de comprendre pour expliquer telles politiques. A partir de ce scénario, cette recherche a délimité la ville de Pirenópolis-GO, pour la comprendre comme inductrice de l'activité touristique et pôle des différentes villes membres de la mésorégion 3 de l'État de Goiás. Dans cette approche, le regard a été ainsi dirigé vers la promotion de l'activité du tourisme rural. Le découpage temporel a été établi à partir de l'an 2003, lors de la préparation du Plan national du tourisme jusqu'à l'année 2013, correspondant à l'opérationnalisation de la recherche. Le sondage avec l'ensemble de l'univers des propriétés rurales a permis une sélection de l'échantillon, les données primaires ont été obtenues à travers les entrevues des sujets entrepreneurs, fournisseurs et locataires guidées par des formulaires semi-structurés et qui ont révélé les aspects quantitatifs permettant la construction de profils. L'étude aborde et implique le système de classification de 23 propriétés rurales enquêtées, ce qui établit le profil de ces propriétés, les caractéristiques des sujets et les activités productives, la création de catégories empiriques regroupées selon le développement du tourisme dans les zones rurales et le discours des sujets. Dans cette perspective, l'activité du tourisme rural peut être signalée par le discours des sujets qui constituent le corpus de la recherche, et il a été constaté que l’introduction de ce type d'activité non agricoles en milieu rural a comme finalité l’intégration de la communauté locale, rapportée dans les politiques, dans le marché du tourisme, vu que les propriétés...
A presente tese estuda o fenômeno do turismo rural suas dimensões sociais sob a perspectiva das políticas públicas que fundamenta o turismo na busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentado. A trajetoria de suas concepções e as lacunas entre o definido, escrito, apresentado com objetivo de compreender para explicar tais políticas. A partir deste cenário, a pesquisa delimitou o município de Pirenópolis-GO, por entender que como indutor da atividade turistica e que polariza as diversas cidades integrantes da mesorregião 3 do Estado de Goiás. Nesse enfoque o olhar foi então direcionado ao fomento da atividade do turismo rural. O recorte temporal ficou estabelecido a partir do ano de 2003, quando da elaboração do Plano Nacional de Turismo até o ano de 2013, correspondente à operacionalização da pesquisa. A sondagem com a totalidade do universo das propriedades rurais permitiu a seleção da amostra, os dados primários foram alcançados através de entrevistas com os sujeitos empreendedores, fornecedores e arrendátarios pautadas por formulários semiestruturado e que revelaram os aspectos quantitativos possibilitando a construção dos perfis. O estudo aborda e envolve o sistema de classificação das 23 propriedades rurais pesquisadas estabelecendo o perfil das propriedades, perfil dos sujeitos e às atividades produtivas, criação das categorias empíricas agrupadas de acordo com denvolvimento da atividade turística no espaço rural e a fala dos sujeitos. Nesta perspectiva, assinalar a atividade do turismo rural a partir da fala dos sujeitos que integram o corpus da pesquisa, constatou-se que essa forma de introduzir atividade não agrária ao meio rural tem como finalidade integrar a comunidade local, referenciadas nas políticas, no mercado do turismo visto que as propriedades rurais mantém suas características e enxergam nessa atividade a geração de renda, inclusão, desenvolvimento sustentado e permanente fixação de sua...
The aim of this thesis is to study the rural tourism phenomenon, its social dimensions by the perspective of public policies that substantiates tourism in the search for sustainable development. The path of its conceptions and gaps between the defined, written, presented in order to understand and explain such policies. From this scenario, the research defined the city of Pirenópolis-Go, considering that it induces the tourist activity and that polarizes different cities of middle region 3 of the State of Goiás. The focus was directed to the promotion of rural tourism activity. The time frame has been established from the year 2003, when Tourism National Plan was elaborated, until 2013, by the implementation of the research. The survey among all the universe of farms allowed the sampling selection, and the primary data were obtained through interviews with entrepreneurs, suppliers and land renters, based on semi-structured forms that reveal the quantitative aspects enabling the construction of profiles. The study approaches and involves a classification system of 23 surveyed farms, establishing the properties profiles, personal characteristics and productive activities, setting up empirical categories grouped by the development of tourism in rural areas and personal speech. From this perspective, the mark of rural tourism activities is based on the speech of people, members of the corpus of the research. It was found that this way of introducing non-agrarian activities on rural area aims to integrate the local community, based on policies, on tourism market, since the rural properties maintain their characteristics. In these activities they see income generation, inclusion, sustainable development and permanent attachment of identity. The qualitative dimension emerges from personal speech which considers the overview of public policies through the deficient sector of local development. The...
8
Souza, Angela Márcia de. "Turismo rural : uma viagem de inclusão produtiva /." Franca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123356.
Анотація:
Orientador: Claudia Maria Daher CosacBanca: Janduhy Camilo Passos
Banca: Rosalinda Chedian Pimentel
Banca: Marcos Bueno
Banca: Vidal Felix Navarro Torres
Resumo: A presente tese estuda o fenômeno do turismo rural suas dimensões sociais sob a perspectiva das políticas públicas que fundamenta o turismo na busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentado. A trajetoria de suas concepções e as lacunas entre o definido, escrito, apresentado com objetivo de compreender para explicar tais políticas. A partir deste cenário, a pesquisa delimitou o município de Pirenópolis-GO, por entender que como indutor da atividade turistica e que polariza as diversas cidades integrantes da mesorregião 3 do Estado de Goiás. Nesse enfoque o olhar foi então direcionado ao fomento da atividade do turismo rural. O recorte temporal ficou estabelecido a partir do ano de 2003, quando da elaboração do Plano Nacional de Turismo até o ano de 2013, correspondente à operacionalização da pesquisa. A sondagem com a totalidade do universo das propriedades rurais permitiu a seleção da amostra, os dados primários foram alcançados através de entrevistas com os sujeitos empreendedores, fornecedores e arrendátarios pautadas por formulários semiestruturado e que revelaram os aspectos quantitativos possibilitando a construção dos perfis. O estudo aborda e envolve o sistema de classificação das 23 propriedades rurais pesquisadas estabelecendo o perfil das propriedades, perfil dos sujeitos e às atividades produtivas, criação das categorias empíricas agrupadas de acordo com denvolvimento da atividade turística no espaço rural e a fala dos sujeitos. Nesta perspectiva, assinalar a atividade do turismo rural a partir da fala dos sujeitos que integram o corpus da pesquisa, constatou-se que essa forma de introduzir atividade não agrária ao meio rural tem como finalidade integrar a comunidade local, referenciadas nas políticas, no mercado do turismo visto que as propriedades rurais mantém suas características e enxergam nessa atividade a geração de renda, inclusão, desenvolvimento sustentado e permanente fixação de sua...
Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to study the rural tourism phenomenon, its social dimensions by the perspective of public policies that substantiates tourism in the search for sustainable development. The path of its conceptions and gaps between the defined, written, presented in order to understand and explain such policies. From this scenario, the research defined the city of Pirenópolis-Go, considering that it induces the tourist activity and that polarizes different cities of middle region 3 of the State of Goiás. The focus was directed to the promotion of rural tourism activity. The time frame has been established from the year 2003, when Tourism National Plan was elaborated, until 2013, by the implementation of the research. The survey among all the universe of farms allowed the sampling selection, and the primary data were obtained through interviews with entrepreneurs, suppliers and land renters, based on semi-structured forms that reveal the quantitative aspects enabling the construction of profiles. The study approaches and involves a classification system of 23 surveyed farms, establishing the properties profiles, personal characteristics and productive activities, setting up empirical categories grouped by the development of tourism in rural areas and personal speech. From this perspective, the mark of rural tourism activities is based on the speech of people, members of the corpus of the research. It was found that this way of introducing non-agrarian activities on rural area aims to integrate the local community, based on policies, on tourism market, since the rural properties maintain their characteristics. In these activities they see income generation, inclusion, sustainable development and permanent attachment of identity. The qualitative dimension emerges from personal speech which considers the overview of public policies through the deficient sector of local development. The...
Resume: Cette thèse étudie le phénomène du tourisme rural dans ses dimensions sociales sous la perspective des politiques publiques qui fonde le tourisme dans la quête du développement durable. La trajectoire de ses conceptions et les lacunes entre le défini, l'écrit, présenté dans le but de comprendre pour expliquer telles politiques. A partir de ce scénario, cette recherche a délimité la ville de Pirenópolis-GO, pour la comprendre comme inductrice de l'activité touristique et pôle des différentes villes membres de la mésorégion 3 de l'État de Goiás. Dans cette approche, le regard a été ainsi dirigé vers la promotion de l'activité du tourisme rural. Le découpage temporel a été établi à partir de l'an 2003, lors de la préparation du Plan national du tourisme jusqu'à l'année 2013, correspondant à l'opérationnalisation de la recherche. Le sondage avec l'ensemble de l'univers des propriétés rurales a permis une sélection de l'échantillon, les données primaires ont été obtenues à travers les entrevues des sujets entrepreneurs, fournisseurs et locataires guidées par des formulaires semi-structurés et qui ont révélé les aspects quantitatifs permettant la construction de profils. L'étude aborde et implique le système de classification de 23 propriétés rurales enquêtées, ce qui établit le profil de ces propriétés, les caractéristiques des sujets et les activités productives, la création de catégories empiriques regroupées selon le développement du tourisme dans les zones rurales et le discours des sujets. Dans cette perspective, l'activité du tourisme rural peut être signalée par le discours des sujets qui constituent le corpus de la recherche, et il a été constaté que l'introduction de ce type d'activité non agricoles en milieu rural a comme finalité l'intégration de la communauté locale, rapportée dans les politiques, dans le marché du tourisme, vu que les propriétés...
Doutor
9
Wiederhold, Charles E. T. "Media Theory and Architecture in Rural Places: Dispatch from the Internet Swamp." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522340261779448.
10
Taype-Rondán, Álvaro, María Isabel Vidal-Torres, Kocfa Chung-Delgado, Jesús Maticorena-Quevedo, and Percy Mayta-Tristan. "Problems perceived and experienced by health professionals rendering social service in Ancash, Peru. 2015." Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622486.
Анотація:
Introducción. En Perú, durante el servicio social en salud se han reportado problemas como condiciones laborales riesgosas, mortalidad asociada a accidentes de tránsito y déficit de cobertura de aseguramiento.Objetivo. Describir los problemas percibidos y experimentados por los profesionales de salud que realizan el Servicio Rural y Urbano Marginal de Salud (SERUMS) en Ancash, Perú, y evaluar su asociación con la práctica de los profesionales y la categoría del establecimiento donde se realiza el SERUMS.Materiales y métodos. Durante abril del 2015, se realizó un estudio transversal analítico con profesionales de salud que realizaban el SERUMS en establecimientos del Ministerio de Salud de Ancash. Se aplicaron encuestas para recolectar datos generales, características y problemas del SERUMS.Resultados. Se analizaron 364 encuestas. El 79.3% de los participantes fue de sexo femenino, la edad promedio fue de 27.4±5.0 años, 80.0% percibió carencia de insumos, 54.4% percibió carga laboral excesiva, y 14.7% sufrió algún accidente de tránsito durante el SERUMS. Ser médico y laborar en establecimientos I-1 fueron factores asociados a haber sufrido accidentes de tránsito y otros imprevistos.Conclusiones. Los encuestados reportan carga laboral excesiva, carencia de insumos y accidentes. Los accidentes son más frecuentes en médicos y en establecimientos de categoría I-1.
11
Wingate, Deborah. "Accessing Children's Mental Health Services In A Rural Northern California County." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/819.
Анотація:
When children are detained and enter the foster care system, social workers screen them to determine if mental health services are needed. Formal referrals to mental health providers are made, however there is a significant wait time between referral and service delivery.
The focus of this study was to explore these barriers to mental health services in an effort to identify approaches that might improve service access. Qualitative face-to-face interviews were conducted with key stakeholders using an Ecological Systems Theory to fashion a hermeneutic dialect and a joint construct toward a shared action plan. Data was collected from the interviews and thematically analyzed.
The project informs service delivery systems of mental health for children and adults, both for micro and macro practice, by highlighting the need for increased collaboration between agencies and growing family engagement and empowerment to reduce stigma. These efforts will improve communication, define expectations, and diminish silos. The project also contributes to child welfare practices and policies for referrals of children’s mental health services by noting the need for an embedded mental health therapist within child welfare to accept referrals for services; the addition of one study site contractual children’s mental health service provider in the rural county that will accept referrals for children and families. In summary, the study identifies strategies to reduce wait time for service delivery, how those services are best accessed, as well as efforts to better engage families in treatment.
12
Ellison, Jeffrey H. "Rural Parents Mental Health Service Delivery Preferences: Overcoming Barriers to Care." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1334.
Анотація:
Unique barriers prevent parents in rural areas from seeking mental health services for their children. The implementation of innovative models of service delivery may reduce these barriers' impact on rural parents' treatment seeking.
The purpose of this study was to determine: 1) parents' willingness to use innovative service delivery models; 2) barriers that parents perceive to seeking treatment in each of the 4 service delivery models, and; 3) the relationship between perceived barriers and willingness to seek help in the context of 4 service delivery models.
Surveys were distributed to parents of children attending school in several counties in rural Appalachia.
Results showed that parents perceived different barriers for different service models and that perceived barriers affected willingness differently depending on the model asked about.
These results suggest that the use of innovative models (e.g., telehealth) may be acceptable in rural areas as alternatives to traditional mental health services.
13
Deaton, Elizabeth Ann. "Gender under Construction: Volunteerism in a Women's Group in Rural Appalachia." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1212433834.
14
Priyadarshee, Anurag. "Microfinance, social protection and poverty : challenges and opportunities for service delivery in India." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/microfinance-social-protection-and-poverty-challenges-and-opportunities-for-service-delivery-in-india(5b0aba98-73c4-4c5d-801b-7d471a4fae7b).html.
Анотація:
Poverty is an extremely significant issue for Indian society with some estimates suggesting that up to 75% of the Indian population may be poor and deprived of basic necessities to sustain a normally healthy life. Microfinance and social protection are considered as important micro-level strategies to reduce poverty. Literature reveals that both strategies suffer from significant service delivery constraints causing exclusion of a large majority of poor households from access to microfinance, and inclusion and exclusion errors and elite capture of social protection programmes. This research explored whether outreach of microfinance and impact of social protection may be enhanced if microfinance products are built on the provisions of social protection for the poor households, and services of microfinance and social protection are synergistically delivered leveraging on the strengths of each other. The research further explored if it is feasible to employ a State institution, India Post, towards such synergistic service delivery. In order to further these research objectives, financial needs of poor households were estimated, and structures and mechanisms causing the exclusion of the poor from microfinance were investigated, by drawing empirical data from three Indian states. States were sampled while acknowledging that the poor are largely excluded from microfinance in two states of UP and Gujarat, and are almost totally included in the state of AP. This provided me with an opportunity to identify structures and mechanisms excluding the poor from microfinance provisions in UP and Gujarat, and contrast it with the situation in AP to further refine and enrich our understanding. Philosophical basis for design and methodology for this research is provided by critical realism, according to which the goal of social research is to understand the world in order to change it for better. The research is primarily based on the data collected through qualitative research methods as such methods are more suited than quantitative methods to critical realistic intensive studies, attempting to uncover underlying structures and mechanisms causing a social phenomenon. Research findings suggest that the financial needs of poor households in UP and Gujarat either remain unmet, or are met through informal mechanisms which are costly and exploitative. Poor are also not able to entirely access their entitled benefits from social protection programmes; as such programmes generate their own financial needs, which remain largely unmet. It was observed that social protection programmes have a favourable political environment in India and are being increasingly employed as a means to fight poverty. Such programmes therefore constitute an important aspect of the financial environment of the poor. Microfinance programme in AP reaches the poor partly because it is also meeting the financial needs generated by the provisions of social protection and thus the poor households find it useful. Poor also become attractive clients for microfinance due to the assured benefits they receive from the social protection programmes. Thus it addresses both demand and supply side constraints which keep a majority of the poor out of the ambit of microfinance in UP and Gujarat. Such social protection-linked service delivery of microfinance was further observed to be enhancing the impact of social protection as well as of microfinance. It is further argued that India Post is suitably located to deliver such social protection-linked microfinance services due to its close proximity to the rural population, and its personnel being known to and trusted by the local communities. India Post network also has a long and rich experience of delivering financial services. Being a government department, it is in a better position than similarly placed agencies such as banks and NGOs, to coordinate with other government departments offering social protection. Moreover, it has a valuable information-capital on the households that can be leveraged to efficiently identify the prospective recipients of the social protection programmes.
15
Purba, Rasita Ekawati. "Rural women, poverty and social welfare programs in Indonesia." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0056.
Анотація:
[Truncated abstract] As a developing country, Indonesia has been struggling with complex and contentious development issues since Independence in 1945. Despite remarkable economic achievement during the New Order period (1966-1998), poverty has persisted and the benefits of development have been unequally distributed. Social welfare — the system of social security to protect the well-being of the weaker members of society has received little attention in Indonesia, both from the state and from the scholarly community. The historical neglect of social welfare in Indonesia has begun to be addressed recently, with the Social Safety Net (SSN) initiative. SSN is a social welfare program that was launched by the government of Indonesia to mitigate the deleterious impacts of the economic crisis that hit the nation in 1997. This thesis aims to assess how the SSN accommodated the needs and aspirations of poor women, particularly those who live in rural areas. The rural poor deserve attention because poverty in rural areas is widespread and often intractable, and because poverty in rural areas tends to be more invisible than in urban areas. The urban poor are more visible, because they are “in the face” of the powerful every day, and they are more likely to be able to access agencies of power than the rural poor.
16
Silva, Ana Carolina Fernandes. "Envelhecimento e questão agrária : a realidade do assentamento rural Tereza do Cedro em Uberaba/MG /." Franca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180260.
Анотація:
Orientador: Nanci SoaresBanca: Josiani Julião Alves de Oliveira
Banca: Marta Regina Farinelli
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como se dá o acesso às políticas sociais da pessoa idosa no assentamento rural Tereza do Cedro em Uberaba/MG, visando identificar suas demandas, enfrentamentos e articulações que estabelecem dentro e fora deste espaço. Para tal foram traçados os seguintes objetivos específicos: compreender o significado de envelhecer no campo e as contradições no capitalismo; traçar o perfil sociodemográfico da população idosa do assentamento rural Tereza do Cedro em Uberaba/MG; descrever a história da participação da pessoa idosa na luta pela terra no assentamento rural Tereza do Cedro em Uberaba/MG e identificar a percepção da população idosa sobre a sua contribuição para o assentamento rural Tereza do Cedro em Uberaba/MG. A pesquisa utilizou-se de revisão de literatura, pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo, no qual foram entrevistados os assentados. O método eleito foi o materialismo histórico dialético de Marx. A abordagem é qualitativa. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram os desafios do envelhecimento, e, sobretudo, o envelhecimento no campo, evidenciando também todo processo de organização e luta desses trabalhadores para assegurar o acesso à terra e com isso sua subsistência. O resultado do estudo sobre o assentamento rural Tereza do Cedro permitiu concluir que o envelhecer no campo, mesmo com inúmeras dificuldades, é possível identificar a existência da luta pela reforma agrária nesse assentamento, mas que apontam para a necessidade de uma ma... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The objective of this work is to understand how is the access to social policies of the elderly person in the rural settlement Tereza do Cedro in Uberaba / MG, aiming to identify their demands, confrontations and articulations that establish inside and outside this space. The following specific objectives were determined: understand the meaning of aging in the countryside and the contradictions in capitalism; to profile sociodemographically the elderly population in the rural settlement Tereza do Cedro in Uberaba/MG; to trace the history of elderly people's participation in the struggle for land in the rural settlement Tereza do Cedro in Uberaba/MG; and to identify the elderly's perception about their own contribution to the rural settlement Tereza do Cedro in Uberaba/MG. Research counted on literature revision, documental research and field research, on which settled population was interviewed. Chosen method was Marx's dialectical historic materialism, and the approach is qualitative. Results highlighted the challenges of aging and, above all, aging in the rural landscape, stressing also the organization and resistance processes they go through to secure access to land and the minimum surviving conditions attached to it. The study on the rural settlement Tereza do Cedro concluded that even with great difficulties, the existence of struggles for land reforms can be identified in the settlement that points to a need of more dialogue and articulation between subjects, in order to assure continuation of those processes and to pursue other elements within the agrarian reality, like livelihood, education, nurture and other demands that arise in such situations. It demonstrates how poor land reform policies still are in the country.
Mestre
17
Seobi, Seago Martha. "The voices of rural school youth on Higher Education community engagement partnerships." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62906.
Анотація:
Higher education institutions have been mandated by government to engage in community development projects and partner with local communities. This was done in order for the higher education institutions to reconsider the role the play in local communities and redress some of the injustices that occurred during the apartheid era. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of young people from a rural school on higher education community engagement partnership. The participants were made up of 31 young people from a rural school in Mpumalanga and had been involved in a community engagement partnership with a higher education institution. The young people were provided with a platform to share their experiences using PRA activities and the data generated was analysed using deductive thematic analysis. The young people expressed what they think the purpose for the partnership was, how they benefitted from the partnership and indicated what should be changed for future partnerships as well as suggestions to improve the partnership.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Educational Psychology
MEd
Unrestricted
18
Pellissery, Sony. "The politics of social protection in rural India : a case study of two villages." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:89acdf33-794a-4dde-b112-3800fc716fd8.
Анотація:
Social protection should ideally create a framework of 'welfare rights' for the vulnerable individuals and households. The state, through a set of policies of promotive and protective measures, sets out to achieve this. However, gaining these welfare rights in a decentralised democratic framework could be a function of the bargaining power that each individual, household and social group may possess. Therefore the micro-level interactions involving claimant, bureaucrat and local elites constitute the key policy process. Study of the process itself can reveal why some households gain formal social protection and other fail. This study argues that the local practices and informal rules underlying these public policy processes are purposively guided by the private interests of the local elites. At the heart of this dissertation is a comparative case-study of two villages in the Indian state of Maharashtra, based on eight months ethnographic fieldwork. Bottomup evaluation of two social protection programmes, public works (promotive) and social assistance (protective) programmes shows that 60 per cent of eligible persons are excluded from welfare rights. The mechanisms of exclusion and inclusion in these programmes are studied. The study reveals that both eligibility and entitlement to 'welfare rights' are contested within the power structure of the local community. The social identity of the claimant, and the ability to build a relationship with the local leaders or labour market managers act as key routes to access welfare rights. The precedence of informal rules at the stage of implementation of social protection programmes reproduced the existing social and economic power structures. As a result, the welfare rights of individuals and households are affected by the competing forces in the non-state sectors. These non-state actors, through their network, were able to weaken the administration and fair allocation of welfare benefits. Through this analysis the thesis contributes to the understanding of the local state, and decision-making practices over welfare rights in a decentralised context.
19
Owen, Santi. "Integrated response policy to domestic violence in rural New South Wales, 1997–2007: A critical analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/180772/1/Santi_Owen_Thesis.pdf.
Анотація:
In the last 30 years, the interest in domestic violence in rural communities has increased significantly. Australian studies have distinguished between the prevalence and nature of violence against women in geographical terms of the 'urban' and 'rural' experience (Alston 1997; Carrington 2007; Coorey 1990; Dietrich and Mason 1998; Ermacora 1998; Hogg and Carrington 1998, 2003, 2006; La Nauze and Rutherford 1997; Moore 2002; Neame and Heenan 2004; Nicholson 1998; Wendy, Taylor and Kennedy 2002; Wendt and Cheers 2002; Wendt 2009). Contemporary social policy addressing domestic violence at the Australian and NSW government levels has favoured an integrated response to service delivery. A review of literature on domestic violence in rural communities has identified some barriers facing women when accessing health and community services and protection from police in rural communities.
However, limited research has examined the implementation and impact of an integrated response policy to domestic violence in rural communities. Previous international (Pruitt 2008; Griffin, O'Campo and Peak 2006; Little, Panelli and Kraack 2005; Logan et al. 2003; Logan, Shannon and Walker 2005; Shannon et al. 2006; Websdale 1998) and Australian studies (Hogg and Carrington 2006; Wendt 2009) have emphasised the lack of adequate services and barriers to access in rural settings. It has become apparent that policy intervention, specifically the implementation of an integrated response in rural communities, is neglected in this body of literature. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by: 1. critically analysing the integrated response policy by the NSW government 2. examining the implementation of an integrated response service in rural NSW 3. investigating factors shaping rural responses to domestic violence 4. developing a conceptual framework for understanding an integrated response to rural domestic violence.
This study contributes to the current knowledge about domestic violence in rural communities. Importantly, it is the first Australian study to comprehensively examine the operation of an integrated response policy in a rural setting.
This research was undertaken in rural NSW over three years, with the bulk of data collection taking place in 2007. The research design used mixed methods, including quantitative crime datasets (NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research 2007-2011) and qualitative analysis of semi-structured in-depth interviews with 49 rural human service providers from twelve local government areas (LGAs) in rural NSW. A literature review of rural domestic violence studies and domestic violence policies was also undertaken. A conceptual framework was developed to analyse the data collected. This framework was informed by concepts used in contemporary literature, such as 'rural cultural discourses' (Wendt 2009), the 'architecture of rural life' (Hogg and Carrington 2006) and 'imaginary' interventions (Carlen 2008).
The findings of this study support current evidence that rural domestic violence is qualitatively different from victimisation in metropolitan settings and that the trend of reported incidences of domestic violence in rural NSW is higher than in metropolitan Sydney areas. Interviews with rural service providers revealed there was consistent understanding of an integrated response to domestic violence and a belief that it is an effective approach to tackling the issue. Further examination of the operationalisation of the integrated response through inter-sector collaborations between health, welfare, police, courts and housing agencies illustrated the aspirations for an integrated response could not be effectively realised in a rural context. Rural service providers recognised that local and geo-spatial constraints influenced the effective implementation of an integrated response to domestic violence in their communities. Instead, efforts of rural service providers to demonstrate that 'effectiveness' was centred on administrative activities of counting, monitoring, reporting and compliance with funding agreements. The requirements of policy administration produced a situation in which workers recognised the seriousness of domestic violence, but at the same time, had to overlook the obstacles of rurality to demonstrate to funding agencies the effectiveness of programs. This imaginary policy intervention perpetuates urban-centric policy assumptions about providing an integrated response to domestic violence and silences alternative perspectives about addressing the issues and needs of rural communities (Carlen 2008). The concept of an imagined order (Carlen 2008) that requires workers to 'act as if' interventions or programs are effective in the face of contradictory evidence is employed in the conceptual framework for this research.
The findings from this study make a significant contribution to the field by providing a critical analysis of social policy interventions into rural domestic violence. The conceptual framework used in this study has potential application for future social policy development, and, more importantly, this research extends the theoretical conceptualisation of rural domestic violence.
20
Ribeiro, Jeovana Nunes [UNESP]. "O trabalho rural e a sazonalidade do café: um estudo sobre assalariados do município de Campo Belo - MG." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/124040.
Анотація:
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000832182.pdf: 2013904 bytes, checksum: e202cd429a86af2aa3ca91e7ba54884a (MD5)O Trabalho rural é o tema de reflexão apontado em nosso estudo a fim de compreender nosso objeto de estudo: as condições de trabalho vivenciadas pelo trabalhador da colheita de café, com o objetivo de analisar como os trabalhadores sobrevivem às passagens sazonais e cíclicas do café, abordando, sobretudo, as condições de trabalho e a busca pelas políticas sociais enquanto forma de sobrevivência pós-ciclos. O percurso que nos induziu ao estudo do trabalho rural, na região Sul de Minas Gerais, foi, por ser considerada, hoje, a maior região produtora de café do mundo. Isto nos chamou a atenção para compreender em primeiro lugar, o trabalho rural, levando em consideração as condições de trabalho que envolve desde o trabalho sazonal, a jornada de trabalho, produção, salário; e em segundo, as alternativas de sobrevivência encontradas pelos trabalhadores na entressafra do café. Utilizamos a pesquisa qualitativa, onde aplicamos um questionário semiestruturado a 20 trabalhadores rurais e 01 questionário aos funcionários das instituições EMATER; MTE e Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais do município. O período de colheita ocorre em 05 meses, a partir do final do mês de abril e pode se estender até outubro, o que significa dizer que pós-safra muitos trabalhadores ficam desempregados temporariamente. Os dados da pesquisa de campo revelam situações muito graves: a maioria trabalha na informalidade, sem nenhum tipo de vínculo empregatício, desprovidos dos direitos sociais, inclusive do seguro desemprego no período de entressafra; o processo de trabalho adoece os trabalhadores e a remuneração é insuficiente para um patamar mínimo de dignidade e, a maior evidência é que mesmo com a existência do benefício social: Programa Bolsa Família, nenhum de nossos entrevistados tem acesso à política social, tendo em vista o caráter da seletividade e da condicionalidade do programa
Rural Work is the theme of reflection pointed in our study in order to understand our object of study: the work conditions experienced by the coffee crop harvesters, with the aim of analyzing how workers survive the seasonal and cyclical periods of coffee, addressing primarily the working conditions and the quest for social policies as a means of survival post-cycles.The path that led us to the study of rural labor in the southern region of Minas Gerais, was, as it is considered today the largest producer of coffee in the world. This drew our attention to understand first, the rural work, taking into account the working conditions since it involves seasonal work, working hours, production, earnings; and second, the alternatives of survival faced by workers in the coffee's offseason. We used qualitative research, where we apply a semi-structured questionnaire to 20 farm workers and 01 questionnaire to the employees of the following institutions :EMATER; MTE and the Union of Rural Workers of the municipality. The harvest period is of 05 months; from the end of April and it might extend until October, which means that post-harvest many workers are temporarily unemployed. Data from field research reveal very serious situations, most work in the informal sector without any employment, deprived of social rights, including unemployment insurance in the off-season; the work process sickens workers and the compensation is insufficient for a minimum level of dignity and, most evidence is that even with the existence 0of social benefit: Bolsa Familia Program, none of our interviewees have access to social policy, with a view the character of the selectivity and conditionality of the program
El trabajo rural es el tema de reflexión señalado en nuestro estudio con el fin de entender nuestro objeto de estudio: las condiciones de trabajo experimentadas por los trabajadores de la cosecha de café, con el objetivo de examinar cómo los trabajadores sobreviven las pasajes estacionales y cíclicos del café. El camino que nos llevó al estudio de la mano de obra rural en la región sur de Minas Gerais, fue, ya que se considera hoy en día el más grande productor de café del mundo. Esto llamó nuestra atención para entender en primer lugar, el trabajo rural, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de trabajo, ya que implica el trabajo de temporada, las horas de trabajo, la producción, el salario; y en segundo lugar, las alternativas de supervivencia que enfrentan los trabajadores en el café en la baja temporada. Se utilizó la investigación cualitativa, donde se aplica un cuestionario semi-estructurado a 20 trabajadores agrícolas y un cuestionario a los empleados de las instituciones EMATER; MTE y la Unión de Trabajadores Rurales del municipio. El período de cosecha es de 05 meses a partir de finales de abril y puede extender se hasta octubre, lo que significa que después de la cosecha que muchos trabajadores están temporalmente desempleados. Los dados de la investigación de campo revelan situaciones muy graves, la mayoría del trabajo en el sector informal, sin ningún empleo, privados de derechos sociales, entre ellos el seguro de desempleo en la baja temporada; el proceso de trabajo enferma los trabajadores y la compensación no es suficiente para un nivel mínimo de dignidad y, la más grande evidencia es que, incluso con la existencia del beneficio social: Programa Bolsa Familia, ninguno de los encuestados tiene acceso a la política social, con el fin del carácter de la selectividad y la condicionalidad del programa
21
Ribeiro, Jeovana Nunes. "O trabalho rural e a sazonalidade do café : um estudo sobre assalariados do município de Campo Belo - MG /." Franca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/124040.
Анотація:
Orientador: Raquel Santos Sant'AnaBanca: Lívia Hernandes Carvalho
Banca: Edméia Corrêa Netto
Banca: Elisabete Maniglia
Banca: José Fernando Siqueira da Silva
Resumo: O Trabalho rural é o tema de reflexão apontado em nosso estudo a fim de compreender nosso objeto de estudo: as condições de trabalho vivenciadas pelo trabalhador da colheita de café, com o objetivo de analisar como os trabalhadores sobrevivem às passagens sazonais e cíclicas do café, abordando, sobretudo, as condições de trabalho e a busca pelas políticas sociais enquanto forma de sobrevivência pós-ciclos. O percurso que nos induziu ao estudo do trabalho rural, na região Sul de Minas Gerais, foi, por ser considerada, hoje, a maior região produtora de café do mundo. Isto nos chamou a atenção para compreender em primeiro lugar, o trabalho rural, levando em consideração as condições de trabalho que envolve desde o trabalho sazonal, a jornada de trabalho, produção, salário; e em segundo, as alternativas de sobrevivência encontradas pelos trabalhadores na entressafra do café. Utilizamos a pesquisa qualitativa, onde aplicamos um questionário semiestruturado a 20 trabalhadores rurais e 01 questionário aos funcionários das instituições EMATER; MTE e Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais do município. O período de colheita ocorre em 05 meses, a partir do final do mês de abril e pode se estender até outubro, o que significa dizer que pós-safra muitos trabalhadores ficam "desempregados temporariamente". Os dados da pesquisa de campo revelam situações muito graves: a maioria trabalha na informalidade, sem nenhum tipo de vínculo empregatício, desprovidos dos direitos sociais, inclusive do seguro desemprego no período de entressafra; o processo de trabalho adoece os trabalhadores e a remuneração é insuficiente para um patamar mínimo de dignidade e, a maior evidência é que mesmo com a existência do benefício social: Programa Bolsa Família, nenhum de nossos entrevistados tem acesso à política social, tendo em vista o caráter da seletividade e da condicionalidade do programa
Abstract: Rural Work is the theme of reflection pointed in our study in order to understand our object of study: the work conditions experienced by the coffee crop harvesters, with the aim of analyzing how workers survive the seasonal and cyclical periods of coffee, addressing primarily the working conditions and the quest for social policies as a means of survival post-cycles.The path that led us to the study of rural labor in the southern region of Minas Gerais, was, as it is considered today the largest producer of coffee in the world. This drew our attention to understand first, the rural work, taking into account the working conditions since it involves seasonal work, working hours, production, earnings; and second, the alternatives of survival faced by workers in the coffee's offseason. We used qualitative research, where we apply a semi-structured questionnaire to 20 farm workers and 01 questionnaire to the employees of the following institutions :EMATER; MTE and the Union of Rural Workers of the municipality. The harvest period is of 05 months; from the end of April and it might extend until October, which means that post-harvest many workers are "temporarily unemployed". Data from field research reveal very serious situations, most work in the informal sector without any employment, deprived of social rights, including unemployment insurance in the off-season; the work process sickens workers and the compensation is insufficient for a minimum level of dignity and, most evidence is that even with the existence 0of social benefit: "Bolsa Familia Program", none of our interviewees have access to social policy, with a view the character of the selectivity and conditionality of the program
Resumen: El trabajo rural es el tema de reflexión señalado en nuestro estudio con el fin de entender nuestro objeto de estudio: las condiciones de trabajo experimentadas por los trabajadores de la cosecha de café, con el objetivo de examinar cómo los trabajadores sobreviven las pasajes estacionales y cíclicos del café. El camino que nos llevó al estudio de la mano de obra rural en la región sur de Minas Gerais, fue, ya que se considera hoy en día el más grande productor de café del mundo. Esto llamó nuestra atención para entender en primer lugar, el trabajo rural, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de trabajo, ya que implica el trabajo de temporada, las horas de trabajo, la producción, el salario; y en segundo lugar, las alternativas de supervivencia que enfrentan los trabajadores en el café en la baja temporada. Se utilizó la investigación cualitativa, donde se aplica un cuestionario semi-estructurado a 20 trabajadores agrícolas y un cuestionario a los empleados de las instituciones EMATER; MTE y la Unión de Trabajadores Rurales del municipio. El período de cosecha es de 05 meses a partir de finales de abril y puede extender se hasta octubre, lo que significa que después de la cosecha que muchos trabajadores están "temporalmente desempleados". Los dados de la investigación de campo revelan situaciones muy graves, la mayoría del trabajo en el sector informal, sin ningún empleo, privados de derechos sociales, entre ellos el seguro de desempleo en la baja temporada; el proceso de trabajo enferma los trabajadores y la compensación no es suficiente para un nivel mínimo de dignidad y, la más grande evidencia es que, incluso con la existencia del beneficio social: Programa Bolsa Familia, ninguno de los encuestados tiene acceso a la política social, con el fin del carácter de la selectividad y la condicionalidad del programa
Doutor
22
Thinyane, Mamello P. "A knowledge-oriented, context-sensitive architectural framework for service deployment in marginalized rural communities." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004843.
Анотація:
The notion of a global knowledge society is somewhat of a misnomer due to the fact that large portions of the global community are not participants in this global knowledge society which is driven, shaped by and socio-technically biased towards a small fraction of the global population. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is culture-sensitive and this is a dynamic that is largely ignored in the majority of ICT for Development (ICT4D) interventions, leading to the technological determinism flaw and ultimately a failure of the undertaken projects. The deployment of ICT solutions, in particular in the context of ICT4D, must be informed by the cultural and socio-technical profile of the deployment environments and solutions themselves must be developed with a focus towards context-sensitivity and ethnocentricity. In this thesis, we investigate the viability of a software architectural framework for the development of ICT solutions that are context-sensitive and ethnocentric1, and so aligned with the cultural and social dynamics within the environment of deployment. The conceptual framework, named PIASK, defines five tiers (presentation, interaction, access, social networking, and knowledge base) which allow for: behavioural completeness of the layer components; a modular and functionally decoupled architecture; and the flexibility to situate and contextualize the developed applications along the dimensions of the User Interface (UI), interaction modalities, usage metaphors, underlying Indigenous Knowledge (IK), and access protocols. We have developed a proof-of-concept service platform, called KnowNet, based on the PIASK architecture. KnowNet is built around the knowledge base layer, which consists of domain ontologies that encapsulate the knowledge in the platform, with an intrinsic flexibility to access secondary knowledge repositories. The domain ontologies constructed (as examples) are for the provisioning of eServices to support societal activities (e.g. commerce, health, agriculture, medicine) within a rural and marginalized area of Dwesa, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The social networking layer allows for situating the platform within the local social systems. Heterogeneity of user profiles and multiplicity of end-user devices are handled through the access and the presentation components, and the service logic is implemented by the interaction components. This services platform validates the PIASK architecture for end-to-end provisioning of multi-modal, heterogeneous, ontology-based services. The development of KnowNet was informed on one hand by the latest trends within service architectures, semantic web technologies and social applications, and on the other hand by the context consideration based on the profile (IK systems dynamics, infrastructure, usability requirements) of the Dwesa community. The realization of the service platform is based on the JADE Multi-Agent System (MAS), and this shows the applicability and adequacy of MAS’s for service deployment in a rural context, at the same time providing key advantages such as platform fault-tolerance, robustness and flexibility. While the context of conceptualization of PIASK and the implementation of KnowNet is that of rurality and of ICT4D, the applicability of the architecture extends to other similarly heterogeneous and context-sensitive domains. KnowNet has been validated for functional and technical adequacy, and we have also undertaken an initial prevalidation for social context sensitivity. We observe that the five tier PIASK architecture provides an adequate framework for developing context-sensitive and ethnocentric software: by functionally separating and making explicit the social networking and access tier components, while still maintaining the traditional separation of presentation, business logic and data components.
23
McColl, John. "From stainless steel to spotless service : a case study of how civic leaders managed the social production of urban tourism in Sheffield between 1998 and 1991." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311576.
24
Lund, Francie, and Fiona Wakelin. "Welfare as a catalyst for development: A case study of a rural welfare programme." Centre for Community Organisation, Research & Development, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65905.
Анотація:
One of CORD's activities is the welfare programme, which started four years ago. It has two features which make it particularly interesting. First, it has introduced a level of welfare into rural areas which has not been there before. Second, it is based on a broad, developmental and holistic approach to welfare — which is what most people agree is needed, but very few actually manage to do. Welfare projects are often well meaning but small in scale, without the ability to help people out of the poverty in which they are trapped. We believe that this welfare programme acts as a catalyst for other development activities — it shows that welfare can be a wedge, a point of entry, for broader community development. It is one model for a more appropriate welfare system for the future. Compared to health, there is very little written material about alternative welfare provision. There have been fewer attempts at model building than there have been in health. And it is possible that some small projects have not been written up for others to learn from. A key aspect of innovative work in the social service and development fields is the training of new kinds of workers. This is almost always based on a recognition that existing professionals (for example, doctors, social workers, irrigation engineers, physiotherapists) •are expensive to train • are difficult to move from city-bases, and • are not necessarily good communicators with the people they are meant to serve. The South African government and the South African Council for Social Work (the body that finally controls professional social welfare) have agreed that there is a need for a new category of welfare worker — an assistant or auxiliary. The rules surrounding their training and supervision are such that, although it is a step in the right direction, it does not go nearly far enough. For example, every two assistants must be supervised by one social worker. In most rural areas there are no social workers, so there can be no assistants. When new categories of workers are trained, they often meet with strong resistance from two sides — existing professionals, and people in communities. In the welfare field, the strongest resistance will probably come from the professionals. We think that this welfare programme shows how the work of the professionals can mesh together with the work of people with less formal training, so that they can help each other to deliver better services to more people. The welfare context The welfare programme needs to be set against the context of existing welfare services in South Africa. The South African welfare system is inappropriate and inadequate — this is recognised by people in government, people working in the private welfare sector, and is certainly recognised at community level. The problems that are very evident are: • welfare spending and social services have been biased in favour of white provision • the system has not been properly planned • there is a heavy bias in favour of urban areas, and a serious neglect of rural welfare • where social work posts do exist in rural areas, they are difficult to fill. • the privatisation of welfare which is being encouraged by government (along with the privatisation of health, education, transport and other social goods) will mean that the well-off people will be able to buy better private services, but poorer people will have less access to even poorer public services. There is an emerging consensus across the country that if the welfare system is to have a contribution to make to the 'new South Africa' it will have to become: • more developmentally oriented • more appropriate to the conditions in which the majority of people live • more concerned with the welfare of the very poor, especially in rural areas • more accessible to people who need the services, and particularly by women and children. These principles are accepted internationally as guidelines for the provision of social services such as heath, welfare and education. In the field of primary health care in South Africa, we have many examples of model schemes which have tried to learn how to provide appropriate, affordable, accessible health services. Many of these have been written about; some indeed are known internationally. All these case studies are vital to the development of better health services in future. In most rural areas, and in the majority of peri-urban informal settlements, we are not talking of a situation where services could be improved by adding more professionals — we have a situation where there is virtually no access to welfare services at all. The interview that follows is presented as a case study of an innovative welfare programme.
25
Rossouw, Anthonie Michael Müller. "Die sosio-ekonomiese opname as instrument vir die inisiëring van 'n ontwikkelingsproses in 'n landelike gemeenskap met spesifieke verwysing na Wartburg." Thesis, Rhodes University, East London, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006475.
Анотація:
Aim of this study. The problem of poverty, especially in rural S.A ., formed the basis for the questions and hypotheses posed in this study. Poverty stricken communities, with the accompanying suffering, the immobilizing effect of poverty and the present climate of urgent changes in S.A., were also apparent in Wartburg (study area). The problem was to initiate development in such a way that the chances of failure and therefore the wasting of already scarce resources is minimized. The manner in which development is initiated and what are viewed as desirable elements of development should culminate into achieving self-sustaining development in the long term. It became clear therefore that a complete data base needs to be established in order to initiate such a development process. In this study the aim was to investigate the role which research plays in the process of development. Method. This study can be divided into two sections, viz an investigation into the theoretical basis for achieving a self-sustaining process of development and how research should be done within such a process. Secondly, the practical application of such a theoretical basis was tested and forms the empirical section of this study. The first section was completed by undertaking a literature study. The conditions set for the development process guided the researcher increasingly to a holistic perspective, Community Development and the state of the art of Social Work Practice. The second part of this study was done through empirical research. The questionnaire method was utilized where structured interviews were conducted by properly trained field workers who were of similar cultural background as the community involved in the survey. The data was processed by using the B.M.D.P. programme and recorded in section B of this report. From section A and B of this report conclusions were drawn regarding the development process, the role research has in this process and the task of the Social Work Profession in this regard. Findings. From the theory it seemed that the state of the art regarding social Work Practice upholds a holistic perspective and views community practice and development as an important function within this perspective. It seems that a unitary approach to Social Work is increasingly becoming a reality in the pursuit of a holistic perspective as well as by stressing the importance of community practice. The integrated approach to Social Work Practice seems to collaborate with these views. The role of research is equally important to social Work Practice as it is to Community Development and should be viewed as an integral part of the Social Work Process/Practice. The empirical section of this study is a clear example of what can be achieved by a properly planned and executed research project which forms an integral part of a development process. Together with the community valuable data were drawn from the data base. These conclusions were directly employed to identify priorities and in planning specific projects. Conclusions. This study concludes, firstly, that Social Work Practice has an obvious task in the field of community development. This profession can contribute to a large extent toward making development more human and to acknowledge the importance of both man and his environment when considering development. The study also showed that research is an integral part of a development process, especially where the aim is that of a perpetuating, self-sustaining development process. In short, it seems that the Socio-economic research meets the requirements set by the aforementioned development process, but that refining seems necessary in order to make it more effective and useful as an instrument for initiating such a process of development as discussed in the above paragraphs.
26
Machimana, Eugene Gabriel. "Retrospective experiences of a rural school partnership : informing global citizenship as a higher education agenda." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60954.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to inform global citizenship practice as a higher education (HE) agenda by comparing retrospective experiences of a range of community engagement (CE) partners, including the often silent voices of non-researcher partners. HE-CE aims to contribute to social justice as it constructs and transfers new knowledge from the perspectives of a wide range of CE-partners. This qualitative secondary analysis study was framed theoretically by the transformative-emancipatory paradigm and meta-theoretically by phenomenology. Existing case data, generated on retrospective experiences of CE-partners in a long-term CE-partnership, were conveniently sampled to analyse and compare a range of CE-experiences (parents of student-clients (n = 12: females 10, males 2), teachers from the partner rural school (n = 18: females 12, males 6), student-educational psychology clients (n = 31: females 14, males 17), academic service learning (ASL) students (n = 20: females 17, males 3), and researchers (n = 12: females 11, males 1). Existing data sources included verbatim transcriptions of (i) audio-recorded Participatory Reflection and Action (PRA)-directed group sessions (parents, teachers, student-clients), (ii) telephonic interviews (ASL-students, researchers) and semi-structured interviews (ASL-students); as well as rural school context observation data documented textually (audio-visual recordings and photographs) and textually (field notes).
A significant insight from this study is that a range of CE-partners experience similar benefits and challenges when a university and rural school partner. Whereas all CE-partners experience HE-CE as beneficial for human capital development, they all experience that HE-CE is challenged by the structural disparity between a rural context and operational miscommunication. CE-partners with higher education levels experienced that the HE partner is an agent that facilitates knowledge generation. These CE-partners indicated that both academic researchers and non-researchers should be valued as equal knowledge co-generator partners. CE-partners within a rural school had expectations of material gain as part of their experience of participating in this CE-partnership. CE-partners involved in educational psychology (ASL) experienced connectedness and support as a result of participating in the FLY intervention. These CE-partners also experienced FLY relationships as a great platform for establishing bonds, whilst learning from peers.
I theorise the Progressive Global Citizenship conceptual framework as a guide that points towards boundless engagement in the era of globalisation. This suggests that HE-CE should focus on innovative interventions that have support structures aimed at establishing connections across socio-economic, cultural, racial and academic backgrounds. Therefore, I propose that HE should make a concerted effort to enhance insight, awareness, reflection, exploration and develop critical consciousness among global citizens. In my view, this calls for innovation that moves away from traditional practices in global citizenship. HE should strive to partner with many role-players as an alternative way of broadening the scope towards understanding and enriching CE interventions.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Educational Psychology
PhD
Unrestricted
27
Demir, Didar, and Emeli Kircali. "Samverkansarbete och geografiska skillnader för kvinnofrid." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för socialt arbete, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23268.
Анотація:
Abstract: I studien undersöks hur myndighetspersoner upplever att samverkan fungerar, samt vad det finns för likheter samt skillnader på samverkan i Uppsala respektive Östersunds kommun. Dessa aktörer är betydelsefulla i arbetet med våldsutsatta kvinnor, därför är det en viktig förutsättning att ta tillvara varandras kompetenser för en god samverkan. Ämnet våld i nära relationer är fortfarande nytt för socialtjänsten, vilket gör att det finns bristande kunskap i arbetet för våldsutsatta kvinnor. Detta är en kvalitativ studie som är grundad på semistrukturerade intervjuer, respondenterna till undersökningen arbetar på socialtjänsten och kvinnofridsverksamheter. Resultatet i studien kan sammanfattas med att samverkan mellan verksamheterna och organisationerna är nödvändiga och att samarbetet leder till bättre insatser samt förutsättningar i arbetet med våldsutsatta kvinnor. Resultatet visar att samverkan inte fungerar optimalt då ansvarsfördelningen kan bli otydlig ibland samt att det behövs vissa förutsättningar som gemensamma mål, samsyn och resurser för en god samverkan.141007
28
Montgomery, Mary Elizabeth. "Hired to be daughters : domestic service among ordinary Moroccans." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:06f23e4f-095b-4136-884c-72a45cc2c363.
Анотація:
This thesis explores why shaʿbī (roughly, ‘ordinary’) Moroccans so often talk about their domestic workers as daughters, what this means for workers and employers, and how this is changing as community gives way to market. It brings together ethnographic study of urban shaʿbī society, of unmarried rural women who work as domestics, and of the communities from which the latter migrate. Drawing on anthropological discussions of kinship and fosterage, the thesis examines the fading tradition of ‘bringing up’ in which, according to a moral economy, a ‘known’ rural girl could properly be placed in the homes of wealthier Moroccans until marriage. This is giving way to new arrangements in which ‘unknown’ workers are paid a wage and may not stay long, but in which the ethics of charity, religious reward and gratitude still inform expectations from both sides. Geared to play out among neighbours, or at least well-known clients, over a lifetime, these ethics are being disrupted by the easy-come-easy-go of strangers. The thesis contributes to some fundamental concerns of economic anthropology: the atomisation of market exchange, the growing importance of physical marketplaces, and the meanings encoded in a monetary wage versus payment in kind. By putting together perspectives from domestics’ leisure time and life back home, it also questions the relationship between the commodification of labour and individualism. Finally, the thesis discusses a draft law which, if enforced, would mean employing domestics no longer made sense for shaʿbī Moroccans, state intervention respresenting a move away from local forms of empowerment and community. At a broader level, the thesis is concerned with households as internally hierarchical units linked together through exchange to make up society and explores the gendered dimension of household economy in a wider world. This, of course, reaches beyond Morocco, and parallels are suggested with English domestic service.
29
Borin, André Luís dos Santos [UNESP]. "A nova senzala é logo ali: ao lado da Capital do Agronegócio; lá nos fundos dos canaviais sertanezinos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98620.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2011-05-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:19:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
borin_als_me_fran.pdf: 1777322 bytes, checksum: e84fc45d866515b4c817e66651dce1ef (MD5)O presente trabalho tem como eixo central a análise da relação capital x trabalho; relação esta que, no caso em análise, se estabelece entre, por um lado, o capital industrial/financeiro encarnado pelo Agronegócio, e, por outro, o trabalhador rural do corte de cana-de-açúcar. Entende-se que, no que tange a esses rurícolas, especificamente aqueles que foram entrevistados e que se percebiam alojados no Distrito Cruz das Posses, em Sertãozinho (SP), sua relação com o capital agroindustrial extrapola a produção capitalista propriamente dita, na medida em que o processo de trabalho no qual se inserem se utiliza de mecanismos não capitalistas para a produção de capital, incrementando a reprodução capitalista do capital, sua reprodução ampliada. Por meio desses mecanismos próprios à acumulação primitiva, como as relações produtivas que empregam trabalho escravo no interior de processos produtivos altamente afinados com tecnologias de ponta, insumos e maquinários totalmente informatizados (dando a impressão de uma alta composição orgânica do capital), a subsunção do trabalho ao capital é redimensionada, pois combina formas de extração de mais-valia absoluta (própria ao momento de subsunção formal do trabalho ao capital) e de mais-valia relativa (própria ao momento de subsunção real do trabalho ao capital). Essa (ir)racionalidade do trabalho é exposta neste trabalho: numa região rica como a de Ribeirão Preto, na qual está situado o município de Sertãozinho, pode-se identificar rurícolas superexplorados, em situação de Escravidão Contemporânea – terminologia que defendemos como a mais coerente para sintetizar as condições degradantes de trabalho e moradia que acometiam a maior parte dos rurícolas...
This present study aims to analyze the relation capital vs. work, which is established between the industrial/financial capital incorporated by the Agribusiness and by the sugarcane rural worker. It deals with the understanding that, concerning the rural workers, specifically those who were interviewed and were accommodated at Distrito Cruz das Posses, in Sertãozinho (SP), their relation with the agro-industrial capital extrapolates the capitalist production itself as the process of work in which they are inserted uses non-capitalist mechanisms to produce capital, fostering the capitalist reproduction of capital, its enlarged reproduction. Through these mechanisms of the primitive accumulation, such as the productive relations that employ slave labor in productive processes which are highly linked to leading edge technologies, raw material and totally computerized machinery (seeming a high organic composition of the capital), the subsumption of the work to the capital is remodeled, because it combines ways of extraction of absolute surplus value (from the moment of formal subsumption of the work to the capital), and relative surplus value (from the moment of real subsumption of the work to the capital). Such (ir)rationality of the work is exposed in this study: in such a rich region as that of Ribeirão Preto, where the city of Sertãozinho is located, I could identify highly explored rural workers in a situation of Contemporaneous Slavery - terminology considered the most coherent to express the degrading work and living conditions that strike the greatest part of those rural workers that were interviewed. Reaching this conclusion, I have analyzed Sociology and the Law Theory regarding the question of the new ways of slavery that strike especially the rural workers. I have drawn a parallel between the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
30
Meier, Lori T. "Preparing Culturally Responsive Teachers in Rural Appalachia: Encapsulated Cultures of Conservative Evangelicalism and Perceptions of Pre-Service Teachers Towards Creating Social Justice Classrooms." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5913.
31
Lewis, Bridget. "Charitable provision for the rural poor : a case study of policies and attitudes in Northamptonshire in the first half of the nineteenth century." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2003. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2796/.
Анотація:
This thesis examines the role of private charity in the ‘mixed economy of welfare’ available to the rural poor in Northamptonshire in the first half of the nineteenth century. It is the first major study of this kind, as hitherto, historians of welfare have largely concentrated on the public charity of poor relief. It covers the basic needs of the poor, food, money, clothing, housing and access to land for fuel and cultivation and examines the various sources of private charity that addressed those needs. These were the endowed charities, the benevolence of individuals, mainly the major landowners and the clergy, and the establishment of the self-help charitable initiatives of allotment schemes, clothing societies and coal clubs. For each source, this thesis explores the key questions of how valuable the resource was to the poor, who were the main recipients and what factors affected the choice of recipients. Thus, it examines the gender, the stage in the life cycle and the respectability of the recipients. It also analyses the importance of residency in an ‘open’ or a ‘close’ parish in terms of the amount and quality of assistance given to the poor. This thesis also examines the extent of changes in national attitudes to private charitable provision with an emphasis on self-help and on more discrimination in the choice of recipients, mirroring the changes in poor relief in the period. Although these changes were in their infancy in the early decades of the nineteenth century, they became prominent in rural parishes in the second half. Thus this thesis shows that the years up to 1850 were critical in that the changes in charitable provision which arose out of the pressures encountered by rural society in that period came to be widely adopted by the end of the century
32
Borin, André Luís dos Santos. "A nova senzala é logo ali : ao lado da "Capital do Agronegócio"; lá nos fundos dos canaviais sertanezinos /." Franca : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98620.
Анотація:
Orientador: Ubaldo SilveiraBanca: Antonio Thomaz Junior
Banca: Helen Barbosa Raiz Engler
Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como eixo central a análise da relação capital x trabalho; relação esta que, no caso em análise, se estabelece entre, por um lado, o capital industrial/financeiro encarnado pelo Agronegócio, e, por outro, o trabalhador rural do corte de cana-de-açúcar. Entende-se que, no que tange a esses rurícolas, especificamente aqueles que foram entrevistados e que se percebiam alojados no Distrito Cruz das Posses, em Sertãozinho (SP), sua relação com o capital agroindustrial extrapola a produção capitalista propriamente dita, na medida em que o processo de trabalho no qual se inserem se utiliza de mecanismos não capitalistas para a produção de capital, incrementando a reprodução capitalista do capital, sua reprodução ampliada. Por meio desses mecanismos próprios à acumulação primitiva, como as relações produtivas que empregam trabalho escravo no interior de processos produtivos altamente afinados com tecnologias de ponta, insumos e maquinários totalmente informatizados (dando a impressão de uma alta composição orgânica do capital), a subsunção do trabalho ao capital é redimensionada, pois combina formas de extração de mais-valia absoluta (própria ao momento de subsunção formal do trabalho ao capital) e de mais-valia relativa (própria ao momento de subsunção real do trabalho ao capital). Essa (ir)racionalidade do trabalho é exposta neste trabalho: numa região rica como a de Ribeirão Preto, na qual está situado o município de Sertãozinho, pode-se identificar rurícolas superexplorados, em situação de Escravidão Contemporânea - terminologia que defendemos como a mais coerente para sintetizar as condições degradantes de trabalho e moradia que acometiam a maior parte dos rurícolas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This present study aims to analyze the relation capital vs. work, which is established between the industrial/financial capital incorporated by the Agribusiness and by the sugarcane rural worker. It deals with the understanding that, concerning the rural workers, specifically those who were interviewed and were accommodated at Distrito Cruz das Posses, in Sertãozinho (SP), their relation with the agro-industrial capital extrapolates the capitalist production itself as the process of work in which they are inserted uses non-capitalist mechanisms to produce capital, fostering the capitalist reproduction of capital, its enlarged reproduction. Through these mechanisms of the primitive accumulation, such as the productive relations that employ slave labor in productive processes which are highly linked to leading edge technologies, raw material and totally computerized machinery (seeming a high organic composition of the capital), the subsumption of the work to the capital is remodeled, because it combines ways of extraction of absolute surplus value (from the moment of formal subsumption of the work to the capital), and relative surplus value (from the moment of real subsumption of the work to the capital). Such (ir)rationality of the work is exposed in this study: in such a rich region as that of Ribeirão Preto, where the city of Sertãozinho is located, I could identify highly explored rural workers in a situation of Contemporaneous Slavery - terminology considered the most coherent to express the degrading work and living conditions that strike the greatest part of those rural workers that were interviewed. Reaching this conclusion, I have analyzed Sociology and the Law Theory regarding the question of the new ways of slavery that strike especially the rural workers. I have drawn a parallel between the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
33
Gabler, Laurel S. "Health in the hills : an analysis of the health-seeking behaviours of people in rural Makwanpur, Nepal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e5c01fe2-4461-4000-9418-02272bad58b4.
Анотація:
Objectives: The overall aim of this research was to describe the health-seeking behaviours (HSBs) of people in rural Makwanpur, Nepal, and to analyse the patient, household, community, health-system, knowledge and illness factors, and the psychological, social and cultural processes which explain these behaviours. Background: Much about the health status of populations and individuals can be understood by studying how people utilise their health services and the factors associated with this utilisation. HSB studies act as a starting point for the planning of health programmes and the structuring of health systems. Nepal, with its shortage of health providers and funding, its low service usage and its pluralistic medical landscape provides an interesting setting in which to examine HSBs. Most health policies in this context have been devised without taking into account the perspectives of the system users. Moreover, limited formal research on this topic has been carried out in this context. Methods: This study involved a mixed-methods, explanatory sequential design consisting of two phases – quantitative data collection followed by qualitative data collection. Quantitative data was collected using a cross-sectional household survey carried out in 2,334 households across ten VDCs in Makwanpur district between April 2011 and August 2011. Households were selected using a random sampling method. The survey asked about care-seeking in response to an acute episode of illness in the previous one month. Qualitative data was collected after the quantitative data using semi-structured household interviews (n=90) in three VDCs between November and December 2012. The Qualitative interviews were designed to compliment the quantitative findings and to determine the explicit factors associated with care decisions. Results: Of the 2,334 households surveyed,46% had at least one episode of illness in the month prior. The majority of illnesses were infectious or parasitic diseases (42%). Of those households experiencing illnesses, 69% chose to seek care outside of the home; 22% used traditional healers, 37% used allopathic providers and 12% opted for pharmacies as a first option. Sixteen did nothing to address their illnesses, sighting geography, finances, workload and lack of severity as the reasons. Regression models revealed that a host of different patient, household, community, illness, health facility and knowledge factors were associated with care decisions depending on the decision, but illness factors had the greatest impact overall on whether or not a household sought some care or care outside of the home, while household level factors had the greatest impact on the type of care sought outside of the home and the length of delays before seeking care. Patient gender had an impact on whether or not allopathic care was used at least once. Qualitative results revealed that health facility factors were also equally important in determining households’ conscious decision-making about specific providers. Conclusions: Overall it appears that people in Makwanpur are not underutilising health services as suspected. Households use certified government providers most frequently to address their illnesses, and do not rely too heavily on traditional healers or informal providers exclusively. The results indicate that while illness and household factors are important, in order to improve HSBs and increase allopathic care utilisation, a focus should be on improving health service delivery rather than on changing HSBs. However, in order to decrease delays in care-seeking, a focus should be made to reduce household-level barriers to care as well.
34
Crossland, John. "Border crossings : investigating the comparability of case management in a service for older people in Berlin." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38640/.
Анотація:
Case management, a coordinating process designed to align service provision more closely to the identified needs of people requiring assistance in the context of complex care systems, is an example of those policies and practices that cross the borders of different national welfare systems, ostensibly to resolve the same or similar problems in the adopting country. Developed in the USA, case management was re-named 'care management' upon adoption in the UK as part of the community care reforms of the early 1990s, reforms which have framed my professional life in English local authority adult social care services ever since. In 2007, a temporary research fellowship (TH Marshall Fellowship, London School of Economics) enabled me to spend four months in Berlin studying a citywide case management service for older people in the context of German long-term care policy and legislation. This experience sits at the core of this thesis which addresses the extent to which the study of a specific case management service for older people in Berlin can illuminate how case management translates across differing national welfare contexts, taking into account the particular methodological challenges of cross-national research. Drawing on both cross-national social policy and translation studies literatures and adopting a multi-method case study approach, the central problems of determining similarity and difference, equivalence and translation form the core of the thesis. Informed by a realist understanding of the social world, the study took a naturalistic turn in situ that fore-grounded the more ethnographic elements in the mix of documentary research, semi-participant observation and meetings with key informants that formed my data sources and were recorded in extensive field notes. The data were analysed to trace how case management was constructed locally in relation to both state and federal level policy and legislation, and then comparatively re-examined in the context of the key methodological problems identified above in relation to understandings of care management in England as reported in the literature, in order to further explore the question of comparability of case management across different welfare contexts. The research clearly demonstrates how institutional context both shaped and constrained the adoption of case management in Berlin, and highlights a need in comparative research for close contextual examination of the apparently similar, with a focus on functionally equivalent mechanisms, to determine the extent to which case management can be said to be similar or different in different contexts, particularly where English words and expressions are directly absorbed into the local language. Relating the case study to findings from earlier studies of care management in England highlights the extent to which care management in England is itself a locally shaped and contextualised variant of case management as developed in the USA that matches poorly to the variant in Berlin. Indeed problems discovered in the research site constructing definitional boundaries for case management in practice mirror issues in the wider literature and raise questions about the specificity of the original concept itself. Nonetheless, the study shows that, despite the multiple asymmetries of equivalence and difficulties of translation, there are sufficient points of similarity for cautious potential lessons to be drawn from Berlin, particularly with regards to policy changes on the horizon in England, but also in the other direction with regards to how case management in Berlin may also be re-shaped following recent reforms to German long-term care legislation.
35
Aznar, Olivier. "Services environnementaux et espaces ruraux - Une approche par l'économie des services." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011365.
Анотація:
Cette thèse est consacrée aux services environnementaux, dans le domaine de l'entretien et de la gestion de l'espace rural, en mobilisant l'économie des services. Après avoir défini et caractérisé ces services environnementaux, nous montrons les différents « secteurs institutionnels » au sein desquels s'organise leur production. En l'absence de source statistique concernant les services environnementaux, nous présentons ensuite un inventaire de ces services produits à l'échelle de trois territoires ruraux. Il en ressort que ce sont les collectivités locales, et non les agriculteurs, les principaux producteurs de ces services. Enfin, une analyse spécifique du rôle des « secteurs institutionnels » est conduite à travers trois études de cas, dont l'une concerne une politique agri-environnementale (la « prime à l'herbe »), la deuxième une structure d'insertion sociale et la dernière une action de développement local centrée sur des services environnementaux.
36
Diop, Moussa. "Eau et Développement : Échelles, temporalités, acteurs et enjeux autour de la gestion durable du service public de l’eau en milieu rural au Sénégal." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090031.
Анотація:
La thèse montre, en articulant différentes échelles, comment l’introduction de nouvelles normes de gestion du service de l’eau va susciter ou amplifier des déséquilibres qui existent déjà dans les villa ges et entre les acteurs. Du fait de l’introduction d’un nouveau système d’approvisionnement en eau potable, l’Etat a, en même temps, introduit des normes officielles de gestion du service public de l’eau. A défaut de régulation conjointe, ces règles vont se superposer aux logiques socioculturelles des acteurs villageois. Il se crée plusieurs types de légitimés et de légitimations des pratiques des acteurs. Ce qui pose comme problème des heurts entre ces logiques divergentes autour de la gestion de l’eau : des acteurs villageois sont coincés entre différents systèmes de valeurs, des pouvoirs locaux s’opposent pour un positionnement dans l’arène villageoise, des cultures s’affrontent, des structures héritées se superposent à celles nouvelles, créées pour gérer l’eau. Le clientélisme politique s’invite à la gestion. Bref, un ensemble de systèmes avec des boucles de rétro-actions scandent la gestion du service et finissent par créer une situation anomique. Le dérèglement des normes à l’origine de l’anomie s’explique par l’incertitude née de l’ambiguïté liée à la finalité réelle de l’introduction des Adductions d’Eau Potable dans ces villages. Finalement, cette incertitude a décrédibilisé les normes codifiées de gestion telles qu’elles sont perçues par les villageoisThe thesis shows, by structuring several scales, how the introduction of new rules of management of the water service will generate or amplify some imbalances that exist yet in the villages and between the actors. As a result of the introduction of a new supplying system in drinking water, the State has introduced by the same time several official rules of management of the water public service. For lack of related regulations, these rules will be stackable to the sociocul tural logics of the rural actors. Several types of legitimacies and legitimations of the actors’ practices appear. And as a consequence, this leads to clashes between those divergent logics around the management of water: some rural actors are stuck between different systems of value, local authorities confront each other about a positioning in the rural arena, cultures are in direct opposition, inherited structures are stackable to those new, created to manage water. The political clientelism comes to interest itself to the management. In brief, a whole combination of systems, with some buckles of retroac tives, scans the management of the service and lead to an anomy situation. The disturbance of the rules which is the source of the anomy is due to the doubt caused by the ambiguity related to the real purpose of the introduction of the drinking water conveyances in those villages. Finally, this doubt has undermined the credibility of the codified rules of management as they are considered by the village’s people
37
Ross, Constance M. "Bridging the gaps in services for families of children with attention-deficithyperactivity disorder : examining the effectiveness of parent management training groups in a rural community." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29557.
Анотація:
Differing opinions among the disciplines involved in the diagnosis and treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have left parents navigating in a maze of divergent languages, explanations, and treatment recommendations. This quantitative research study addressed the question of whether a parent training program was an effective treatment for families of children with ADHD residing in a rural community. Although this community-based study did not demonstrate statistically significant outcome measures, it did reveal some interesting side effects. The limitations and the clinical significance of the findings of the study are examined for future research purposes. In particular, the implications for social work practice with families of children with ADHD residing in rural communities are explored from an ecological perspective.
38
Abbott, Simon Nicholas. "Using the law in social work Approved Mental Health Professional practice." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/77773/.
Анотація:
The research study focuses on how social work Approved Mental Health Professionals (AMHPs) use the law in practice. AMHPs in England and Wales have statutory powers under the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) to detain people in hospital for assessment and/or treatment. The stakes in this area of law and social work are high: practitioners deal with important issues concerning individual liberty that have profound implications in relation to the power of the state to intervene in the lives of citizens, where notions of autonomy, protection, coercion and care sit in tension. The study explores the relationship between law and social work practice by interpreting meanings contained in case stories told by social work AMHPs about recent Mental Health Act assessments that they undertook. Eleven social work AMHPs, purposively selected from three different local authorities in England, participated in the study, which used qualitative in-depth interviews to collect data about using the law in circumstances where compulsory admission to hospital was a possibility. The use of case stories encouraged participants to provide a rich description of events as they unfolded over time. The data were analysed using Framework analysis (Ritchie and Spencer 1994). Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis in the form of NVIVO was utilized to manage the data, and to support data analysis. Five themes are presented in the findings chapter: understanding the referral situation; understanding the individual; understanding the situation causing concern; community versus containment, and relationships and resources. The study contributes to knowledge by illuminating how the use of law in practice is an inherently socio-relational undertaking, involving embodied practice. Bourdieu's (1977) concept of habitus is used to make sense of participants' accounts of the action that unfolds when they use the law. A further contribution is made to knowledge on legal literacy in social work, where there is little empirical research focusing on how social workers use the law, and still less on how mental health social workers use the law to consider compulsory powers under mental health legislation. The organisational factors impacting on how participants relate to the law are outlined and discussed drawing on legal consciousness theory (Ewick and Sibley 1998; Sibley 2005), together with an account of how participants adapt to this, drawing on street level bureaucracy (Lipsky 1990). The thesis explores the distinction in practice between medical and social perspectives occupied by AMHPs when they use the law in circumstances where compulsory admission to psychiatric hospital is a possibility. The study findings suggest that AMHPs' perspectives are holistic and social and can be understood as occupying a socio-medical-juridical perspective. The most important factor in the decision to use compulsory powers in mental health law to detain a person involves the AMHP taking a wide perspective in terms of their understanding of the individual that is relational to the understanding of others, and understanding the person in their environment in relation to how they relate to others. The thesis outlines that the social and family situation of the person assessed, combined with views of others, and particularly the impact of risk on others, is the most influential factor in the decision to detain. This leads to the further argument that notwithstanding a holistic and social perspective, this does not necessarily lead to less coercive interventions. Medical and social perspectives thus often lead to the same conclusions in relation to decisions to use the law to detain.
39
Heath, Mac. "Developing kinship care : a case of evidence based social work practice?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45652/.
Анотація:
This thesis provides a description and analysis of contemporary policy and practice in kinship care within three local authorities in England. The aim is to examine the extent to which government policy principles and available research evidence have translated into professional practice on the ground in different agency settings and to consider the implications of these findings for future management planning in this field. This is approached through considering UK research on kinship and examining the relationship between the statutory principles driving policies and the way the three local authorities have responded. This is with a view to questioning how kinship locally has influenced social work practice at a case level and compares local policies and practice against wider research evidence. Proposals are made about the modelling of a more effective approach to social work practice and management in kinship care planning. This study of different authorities and their approaches to kinship explores some of the challenges by which policy principles and research findings get translated into social work practice in a field of practice and theory that is itself contested. The study was undertaken in four stages: 1. A review of the extent to which local authority policies are compliant and consistent with statutory rules and contemporary research findings on kinship care. 2. A comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between policies and their formation in three studied authorities. 3. An analysis of the extent to which local management and social work practice, as reported, is consistent with policy and research. 4. The modelling of a Kinship care Definition and Policy Model could be proposed that is compliant with the principles of the Children Act 1989 and responsive to the research findings. The challenge set out in this research is to bridge academic research, policy formulation and operational practice. This research does not seek to evidence best practice in its own right but to recognise the variance of kinship in practice and approach and, from knowledge gained, set out a proposed model of good practice, one that is responsive to the findings and could be adopted within local authorities in England.
40
Singh, Sukhwinder. "What are the experiences and outcomes of anti-racist social work education?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48607/.
Анотація:
This thesis seeks to interrogate the experiences and outcomes of anti-racist social work education and evaluate the pedagogic relevance and practice utility of teaching social work students about ‘race', racism and anti-racism. A mixed methods research strategy is drawn upon to explore how professional social work training prepares students to work with ‘cultural diversity' and ‘cultural difference' and to evaluate the outcomes of teaching and learning which focuses on anti-racism. The methodological position drawn upon in this thesis is a pragmatic one (Williams, 2006), which recognises the role of both nomothetic and idiographic approaches to enabling us to describe and understand how social work students and tutors experience and make sense of anti-racist social work education and the pedagogic challenges and barriers they face to engaging with this discrete area of professional education. Anti-racism is the theoretical and conceptual focus of this thesis and it encompasses a broad coalition of different perspectives and academic interests concerned with actively identifying and resisting racism. It has been characterised as a set of disparate polycentric overlapping practices and discourses (Anthias & Lloyd, 2002), whilst exhibiting a politically committed form of practice (Bhatti-Sinclair, 2011). It has also been described as a radical and oppositional project which emphasises the need to actively identify and resist racism (Bonnett & Carrington, 1996; Tomlinson, 2002). Historically it has been associated with the politics of resistance and social movements in support of decolonialisation, anti fascism and equal rights for immigrant workers (Dominelli, 2008). Frequently, it has been characterised as reflecting a radical dualism between ‘white racism versus Black resistance' (Gillborn & Ladson-Billings, 2004). Within social work education, anti-racism despite its retrenchment and appropriation into a broad ‘anti oppressive' practice model (Williams, 1999), continues to be regarded as a progressive educational strategy which has a transformative role. It is viewed as an effective approach to challenging the attitudes and values of individual students (Heron, 2008). It can also lead to ‘perspective transformation' (Mezirow, 1981), and ‘critical consciousness' through the process of conscientization (Freire, 1970). Anti-racism is therefore considered to have a valuable pedagogic role in raising awareness of racial inequalities and the processes associated with racial exclusion, whilst also providing a wider critique of the state, its culture, its institutions, ideology, legislation and policy frameworks (Singh, 2006a). The qualitative and quantitative data presented in this thesis suggests that it is possible to discover the situated experiences of teaching and learning on anti-racism and measure how these pedagogic interventions can affect and lead to knowledge, skills and attitudinal change (Carpenter, 2005; 2011). The empirical evidence drawn upon in this thesis identifies important group differences, related to age, ‘race' and experience of working with a BME service user, which are important for understanding how anti-racist social work education is experienced differently by learners, and how it leaves a complex set footprints which enable us to appreciate how this educational intervention works in different ways for different types of students. Sometimes these differences are subtle, but at other times they are more evident and suggestive of group experiences which go beyond the individual. The empirical evidence also suggests that social work educators experience anti-racist social work education as a challenging and emotionally supercharged area of the curriculum and that their levels of engagement, preparedness and commitment is often dependent upon where they are positioned socially, culturally and politically. This thesis is important because regionally and nationally there have been very few attempts to empirically capture how professional social work training programmes accommodate and evidence ‘race' equality and cultural diversity issues (Williams et al., 2009; Williams & Parrott, 2013).
41
Ngaruiya, Grace Wambui Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Scheffran. "Climate governance, rural livelihoods and social networks: Using the ecosystem service governance approach to analyse climate adaptation and resource conflict resolution in Kenya. / Grace Wambui Ngaruiya. Betreuer: Jürgen Scheffran." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054422745/34.
42
Cochliou, Despina. "Towards a practitioner-centric paradigm of MIS development and organisational knowledge creation in social care organisations." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/42979/.
Анотація:
This study explores the Management Information Systems' (MIS) implementation and utilisation in social care organisations. The aim of this thesis is to study the level of social work practitioners' involvement in MIS selection and implementation and to determine the links between the utilisation of MIS in social care organisations and the creation of organisational knowledge. Thus, the thesis endeavours to increase understanding of the importance of MIS implementation for personnel and organisations, to capture its meaning and any implications this may have for organisational knowledge and social work practice. To further this aim, a two case-study design was developed and carried out in two social care organisations in England. Semi-structured interviews and direct observation were used as data collection tools. Interviews with open-ended questions were carried out with practitioners, team managers, senior managers and staff responsible for Information Technology applications and programmes. Data analysis was carried out utilising two key methods, within-case and cross-case analysis. The purpose of the analysis was to illustrate the participants' experiences within five main themes: Practitioners' and Team Managers' Feelings about the new MIS' Implementation, Participation, Management Information System, Social Work Practice, and Organisation and Organisational Knowledge. The research findings highlighted that social care organisations need radical shifts in organisational philosophy in order to achieve functioning MIS, and more importantly, to become ‘learning organizations' that capture and disseminate social work practice knowledge and skills. For example, practitioners' participation in MIS implementation was recognised as a key factor, which determined both MIS implementation and organisational knowledge creation in a social care organisation. The qualitative data gathered also revealed that there were constraints in engaging practitioners with organisational procedures and in make them feel valued. The thesis, based on the research findings, concludes with the proposal of two models for MIS implementation and organisational knowledge creation.
43
Meleyal, Lel Francis. "Reframing conduct : a critical analysis of the statutory requirement for registration of the social work workforce." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7665/.
Анотація:
The relationship between the statutory registration of a workforce and impact upon practice and practitioners is unclear. Little empirical research in relation to the efficacy of existing professional registers has been undertaken. No research has so far been undertaken in relation to the impact of UK legislated registration upon social work practice. A number of high profile cases in health care such as the Bristol, Shipman, Ayling and Allit inquiries (DH, 1994; Crown Office, 2001 & 2005) have drawn attention to the inadequacies of workforce registration systems. Regulatory approaches to modifying the behaviours of the regulated are widely viewed as problematic in a broad range of theoretical literature from diverse disciplinary bases and methodologies. Literatures caution that just as ‘markets' may behave imperfectly, so may regulatory mechanisms such as workforce registration systems (Ayres & Braithwaite, 1992; Baldwin, Scott & Hood, 1998; Haines, 1999; Sparrow, 2000; Ashworth & Boyne, 2002; Johnstone & Sarre, 2004; Haines & Gurney, 2004; Walshe & Boyd, 2007). The UK Better Regulation Task Force cautions that some regulatory interventions can make a situation worse (2003b). The potential of professional registers generally and the social work register specifically to impact upon quality and improve protection has been questioned since 1982 when the first meetings about the development of a national social work regulatory council were held (Malherbe, 1982). The regulatory body for social work in England, the General Social Care Council (GSCC) came into being in 2002. The first UK register of social workers came into force in 2005 with protection of title implemented shortly after. The first three conduct cases applying sanctions to registrants were heard within a year of the social work register opening. Using a grounded theory approach, in the context of the first three conduct case outcomes, this study sought to elicit the perceptions of qualified social workers on the positive and negative impact(s) of the statutory requirement to register, for both the individuals and the organisations in which they work. This study finds that the first registration conduct case outcomes triggered a reframing of the concept of conduct and that as a consequence, respondents in this study re-positioned their allegiance to registration, and engagement with conduct matters in the workplace. The study considers the relevance of research findings in the context of a changing policy and political landscape.
44
Hyder-Wilson, John Anthony. "What is the experience of establishing an independent practice within the contemporary social care field in England?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/44404/.
Анотація:
My thesis examines the journey made by myself and others from paid employment, usually with a local authority, to self-employed status within an independent practice. I have tried throughout, as far as possible, to uncover the many meanings and essential elements of the experience: both my own, and those of others. Fully integrated within my thesis are the detailed experiences of my research respondents who have travelled a similar journey. I have used a heuristic methodology, first established and pioneered by Clark Moustakas. This demands that the researcher and his or her respondents must have lived through the experience being described. The methodology is congruent with my own positioning as a researcher and also provides a suitable, flexible but rigorous framework within which the emerging story (and stories) can be told. This approach has also been of the utmost value in structuring my research. Moustakas defines the heuristic approach as: A process of internal search through which one discovers the nature and meaning of experience and develops methods and procedures for further investigation and analysis. The self of the researcher is present throughout the process and, while understanding the phenomenon with increasing depth, the researcher also experiences growing self-awareness and self-knowledge. Heuristic processes incorporate creative self-processes and self-discoveries' (1990:9). I have used other approaches for data analysis as Moustakas does not give detailed guidance in this area. I have principally used the approach pioneered by Max Van Manen which can be described as an evolved phenomenological approach. My thesis therefore describes and explores the experience of setting up my independent practice from its very first manifestations through to the present. Integrated within that narrative are the detailed and rich ‘borrowed' experiences of my research respondents captured through 11 in-depth interviews and a consideration of the similarities and differences of the individual experiences. I have let the individual voices speak fully which draws out the themes of the experience of becoming independent in terms of motivation, preparation, the moment of independence and finally, the experience of independence. In the succeeding chapter I have analysed the findings with reference to the literature on the nature of modern day social care organisations, organisational theory and motivation, and have also explored in some depth underlying issues concerning the nature of identity and selfhood and the autonomy of individuals. I conclude that there is a core of selfhood and that, within defined limits, individuals are free to choose their own path. A final creative synthesis draws the research project to a close by considering how all that has been learned fits together. My research strategy has essentially been an exploratory one which aims to “generate knowledge about a relatively under researched or newly emerging subject” (D'Cruz and Jones 2003:17). The under-researched and emerging subject here is about the experience of establishing an independent consultancy in the social care field. My contribution to knowledge on this subject falls into several areas, including what I see as the necessary and gradual liberalisation of the social care field which allowed independent practices to evolve. I also contend that my research respondents had a particular and specific motivational profile which explains why these particular individuals made the move to independence when others did not. A further finding is that my research group exchanged a constricting organisation for a more comfortable one: that of the informal network. I also find that making the move to independence is a near irrevocable step and that, in effect, the research group went through an important identity shift in their transition to independence.
45
Anka, Ann. "Assessment as the site of power : an interrogation of 'others' in the assessment of social work students." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/50343/.
Анотація:
The thesis focused on the field of service user and carer involvement in the assessments of social work students. It examined the positioning of service users and carers in relation to other stakeholders involved in student assessments. Participants' views on what should count as service users and carers' feedback evidence at Continuing Professional Development (CPD) level were also explored. The rationale for the study centred on the relatively limited research studies focusing on service user and carer involvements in students' assessment, in comparison to their involvement in other areas of social work education. Further, the limited studies available appeared to be under theorised. The study is situated in the qualitative research tradition and drew from narrative research methods. It was influenced by the practitioner-doctorate research paradigm (Drake and Heath 2011). The study drew from the theoretical insights of Foucault's (1972; 1980) notion of discourse and power/knowledge theory; and Bourdieu's (1990) concepts of field, capital and habitus, to analyse the dynamic power relations between those involved in the assessments of students. Following ethical clearance from the University of Sussex, a semi-structured individual interview was carried out with 21 people. The sample consisted of service users, carers, social work students, social work employers and social work educators. The voice-centred relational method of data analysis, developed by Gilligan (1982), was used to analyse the research participants' narratives about how they have experienced their involvements in social work students' assessments. Participants' narratives revealed that the field of service user and carer involvement in social work students' assessment is characterised by a complex mix of relationships, different power dynamics and power struggles. On the question of what should count as service user and carer evidence, in relation to what students are expected to demonstrate to service users and carers at CPD level, the research participants reported on qualities such as: Professionalism, good time-keeping, reliability and honesty Effective communication skills, such as listening, empathy and kindness Ability to support service users and carers Intelligence, ‘structured empathy', mastery of practice and development of practice wisdom. Although important, progressive difference in expectation at CPD level was not acknowledged. The study makes five contributions to knowledge in the field of service user and carer involvement in social work students' assessments, as follows: (1) It adds to the body of research studies looking at service user and carer involvement in social work students' assessments. (2) It sheds some light on what stakeholders involved in social work practice and education thought about the ASYE in 2010 before its implementation in 2012. (3) It contributes to knowledge on what participants feel service users and carers should comment on when assessing social work students at CPD level. (4) It offers theoretical insight into the different power relations, struggles, and power dynamic between stakeholders involved in social work students' assessments from Bourdieusian and Foucauldian perspectives. (5) Feedback of the interim findings was provided to Skills for Care to support the Assessed and Supported Year in Employment (ASYE) assessment in 2011. The study concludes by arguing the case for social work and service user organisations to support service users and carers in their role as assessors of social work students.
46
Evans, Helen Kathryn. "'Making a tiny impact?' : listening to workers talk about their role in the transitions to adulthood of young people housed by the state." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68222/.
Анотація:
This is a small scale, qualitative research study, based on focus group and interview data from eight participants across two workplaces. The participants are workers involved in supporting those young people who are unable to live with their families during their transition to adulthood: they are drawn from two services within the same local authority, leaving care and a specialist adolescent support service which provides housing and support for homeless 16 and 17 year olds. A review of the literature in this field identifies a gap in the research, with few studies focussed on the voices of workers engaged in this specific area of work. I have used three analytical frameworks (thematic, narrative and voice-centred relational) to explore the data from different perspectives. Positioning the data in this three-dimensional framework has enabled me to produce an in-depth analysis, considering more than simply the content of participants' responses. My findings are presented as a reflexive account, exploring how the respondents talk about their work. The data suggests that the talk falls into two broad areas: workers positioning themselves within a framework of organisation(s) and workers positioning themselves in relation to individual young people. A picture emerges from the data of two quite different workplaces. The relative structure and clarity of the leaving care personal adviser's job role appears to unite this group of workers around a more coherent script for talking about the work they do. In contrast, the workers from the specialist adolescent service openly acknowledge that there are differences of approach within their organisation, and appear to lack a shared way of articulating their role. The way in which the workers position themselves within the organisation also differs between the two groups: the leaving care workers talk passionately about the division between ‘us' (workers) and ‘them' (management). The specialist adolescent workers barely mention their managers, and there is little talk of a group identity (an ‘us'). These workers talk about the relationship they develop with individual young people as an intervention in itself. This relationship is conceptualised in various ways, with the clearest construct being parent-child. There appears to be a difference between the two organisations in the way in which this parent role is enacted: leaving care workers talk of an organisational corporate parenting responsibility, whilst workers from the specialist adolescent service talk more freely of thinking and acting as a good parent. In relation to their direct 1:1 work, the majority of participants describe using conversation to facilitate the development of problem solving skills, encouraging reflective thinking through the process of co-creating narrative. These emotional and cognitive skills are talked about as more valuable than specific practical independent living skills. The data suggests that emotional labour is acknowledged and managed very differently in these two workplaces. The leaving care group found it difficult to talk about the emotional aspects of their role, and this plays out in different ways in the interviews. Some participants describe struggling to manage the emotional impact of their work, otherwise struggle to articulate the emotional content of the work. As a group, they retreat from talk of emotional involvement with young people, distancing themselves by stating that it is beyond what is possible within their role. In contrast, the workers from the specialist adolescent service talk more comfortably about their emotional responses to the work: they appear to feel safer using themselves in their work, and seem better able to contain this emotional labour within the overall professional boundaries of their role. Workers talk of ‘making a tiny impact' - acknowledging the potential for their support to make a positive difference in young people's lives, whilst also highlighting the limitations of their role.
47
Turner, Denise Mary. "Telling the story : what can be learned from parents' experience of the professional response following the sudden, unexpected death of a child." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/50402/.
Анотація:
My research takes a psychosocial approach to exploring parents' experiences of professional intervention in the aftermath of sudden, unexpected child death. In the UK all deaths of this nature are immediately subject to a Rapid Response, which includes forensic investigation, followed by a series of subsequent meetings and the obligation on professionals is to treat parents as guilty whilst also maintaining their innocence. These requirements were part of a number of recommendations arising from the Report, ‘Sudden, Unexpected Death in Childhood' (2004) known colloquially as the Kennedy Report, which was a response to the release on Appeal of three mothers, all wrongfully imprisoned for killing their children. One of the explicit purposes of the Kennedy Report is to avoid similar cases and it therefore attempts to address the complexity of balancing every parent's right to have their child's death properly investigated with the requirement to protect children who may be at risk. As a part of achieving this, the Report identifies a need for appropriate training to assist professionals in becoming sensitised to emotions being experienced by parents, in order that culpability or otherwise may be easier to discern. Despite this, the Working Party for the Kennedy Report did not include parents and this lack of direct access to their experiences is reflected in the wider field. Parents are not allowed to participate in any of the multidisciplinary meetings which follow sudden, unexpected, child death and their narratives are largely absent from literature and training material. This makes achieving the form of emotional understanding between parents and professionals advocated by the Kennedy Report difficult and thereby increases the risk of potential errors of professional judgement. This study aims to restore the voices of parents to the field of sudden unexpected child death, by engaging directly with the emotional complexity and trauma of the experience and thereby improving practice. The research is based on eight in-depth interviews with parents who have experienced the sudden, unexpected death of their child, together with investigation, but no accompanying charges. The research was prompted both by my previous role as a social worker, but primarily by my experience of investigation following the sudden unexpected death of my son Joe. My account of his death and the experiences which led me to undertake this research are offered within Chapter One and thereafter run as a thread throughout. Drawing on Hollway (2009) I have used a psychosocial approach within this thesis, to combine both the workings of the psyche and the social without diminishing or conflating either. This has enabled me to locate my experience and that of the parents within the thesis, as part of a wider exploration of how parents may be positioned and perceived following a sudden, unexpected child death. The research uses a narrative, interpretive methodology which draws from the Biographic Narrative Interpretive Method (Wengraf, 2011) and the Listening Guide (Doucet & Mauthner, 2008). Data analysis panels were used as part of the interpretive process and they are discussed and critiqued. The unexpected results produced by the panels forms a significant contribution to knowledge which is also identified. The thesis concludes that current cultural debates around ‘good death', together with heightened anxieties about safeguarding children, may lead to the construction of sudden unexpected child death as dangerous knowledge (Cooper & Lousada, 2005). Returning to the emotional understanding advocated by the Kennedy Report, I make a number of recommendations including changing the language of investigation and developing opportunities for open dialogue between professionals and parents. I also identify several original contributions made by this work, both methodologically and more substantively, which are partly evidenced by the attention it has already received within academic and wider audiences. Amongst these, the research has formed the basis of a number of Conferences presentations, a journal paper, national newspaper article and a guest appearance on BBC Radio 4. As a conclusion to the thesis I identify a need for additional in-depth research in this area, together with a re-visiting of the recommendations arising from the Kennedy Report, aimed at further policy change and improving the experiences of all those involved with sudden, unexpected child deaths.
48
Drew, Helen Margaret. "Understanding the mental health and well-being of early adolescents in foster care." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/74247/.
Анотація:
Children in foster care are at high risk of experiencing mental health problems and tackling this issue is a key priority. Previous research suggests that the transition from primary to secondary school can be particularly challenging, as well-being declines and mental health problems increase in early adolescence. However, there is insufficient understanding of variations in the well-being and mental health of this group of children, and particularly the role played by their social interactions, relationships, and psychological attributes. This thesis includes three papers reporting on a programme of empirical research conducted to address this gap in knowledge and better understand the risk and protective factors, particularly in the peer context, for changes in mental health and well-being. The first paper focuses on current provision and reports the findings from a national survey of Virtual Schools that support the education of children in care. The second paper presents the findings of a longitudinal study with children not in care (aged 10-13 years), to test our conceptual model in the general population. This demonstrated that peer factors predict changes in mental health problems and well-being over and above parental and other adult support. The third paper presents findings from a longitudinal study of children in foster care (aged 10-14 years), to test these key pathways in our focus population. This revealed a pattern of differentiated links from peer and adult support to mental health and well-being, and identified self-efficacy as a key longitudinal predictor of change, especially when moderated by peer relationship quality. The thesis demonstrates the importance of supportive relationships with both adults and peers for the mental health and well-being of children in care. This has important implications for future work where social activities and relationship quality with peers should be considered as potential protective factors, especially in school settings.
49
Ellames, Lorraine. "Dementia care training for residential care workers : building residential care workers' own views into a conceptual model." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/76639/.
Анотація:
This thesis is the result of research that investigated the views of residential care workers (RCWs) working with people with dementia about their perceptions of training for their dementia care role with older people. Using a constructivist ontology and an interpretivist epistemology, the research investigates how care workers perceive their training and how they feel it can be applied to their working environment. RCWs were asked what they saw as the specific needs of residents with dementia, what training they had received, how useful they perceived the training to be, and what training they felt was still needed. Previous studies had put forward topics for inclusion into dementia care training, but very little research had asked RCWs themselves about their dementia training needs. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were carried out across three care home organisations during the summer of 2013 in the East of England. Findings from thematic analysis showed that the care workers interviewed had very limited or no dementia training or assessment they could remember, and that training had generally been a negative experience. Dementia care trainers were not considered helpful or knowledgeable enough and RCWs identified that their learning needs had not been taken into consideration. The learning environment was viewed as unsuitable, usually a lounge or a bedroom where it was very cramped and RCWs were pulled out of training when there were limited staff numbers. Many challenges specific to caring with people with dementia were also identified: challenging behaviour, lack of time and resources, poor teamwork and communication and lack of organisational support all inhibited the development of person-centred care and training transfer into practice. A conceptual model of the training and learning cycle is proposed as a way forward for dementia training. This model illustrates the training process from course creation through to satisfactory completion. Learning into practice is measured by care workers' knowledge, confidence, and competence. This assessment is a two-way process between the learner and the mentor to ensure RCWs feel fully supported and recognised. Although this conceptual model has not been tested empirically, such a process is seen as a possible next step.
50
Morgan, Lucy Gianna Fitzgerald. "Professional caregiving and prosocial behaviour : an exploration within self-determination theory and beyond." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/61509/.
Анотація:
Concerns have been raised about the quality of care provided by professional caregivers to vulnerable older adults. However, little is known about the psychological mechanisms that may affect professional caregivers' ability to provide good care. This thesis presents four papers which sought to address this gap in our knowledge. The first paper reports a proposed quantitative multilevel study, investigating the effects of nursing home manager-level and care assistant-level variables on psychosocial caregiving among care assistants. There were no effects of manager-level variables. However, structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses found care assistants' community aspirations and basic need satisfaction at work positively predicted the autonomy and relatedness support care assistants showed towards service users. No indirect effects were found. The second paper presents a new measure of autonomy, relatedness, and competence satisfaction, which had improved construct validity compared to an existing measure and good external validity, being related to measures of well-being and ill-being in expected ways. The third paper reports the relationships between autonomy, relatedness, and competence satisfaction and prosocial behaviour. SEM analyses showed that a higher order factor of basic need satisfaction explained a small but significant amount of variance in prosocial behaviour, but that autonomy, competence, and relatedness satisfaction were not independent predictors. The final paper presents a grounded theory analysis of semi-structured interviews with a range of individuals associated with nursing homes for the elderly. The findings highlight the role of a person-centred perspective at all levels of caregiving, with positive management practices interacting with the qualities and approaches of individual caregivers to support the provision of good care. Overall, this body of research provides a preliminary understanding of the interplay between the personal qualities of professional caregivers and socio-environmental factors in the provision of good care. In addition, it has contributed meaningfully to the SDT literature and its application to real-world settings. These findings pave the way for future research to provide further beneficial insights for policy and practice in professional caregiving.