Статті в журналах: "Social participation; Sociology, Urban"

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Botelho, André, and Antonio Brasil Jr. "PASSAGENS DO RURAL AO URBANO E PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL: a sociologia política brasileira dos anos 60." Caderno CRH 29, no. 77 (April 18, 2017): 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v29i77.20001.

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Colocando em diálogo as pesquisas empíricas de Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz, Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco e Florestan Fernandes, realizadas nas décadas de 1950 e 1960 na Universidade de São Paulo, discutimos como esses três sociólogos trataram, mesmo que às vezes indiretamente, a questão da participação social, com o intuito de divisar o seu potencial teórico. Analisando as modalidades de participação do “homem comum” nas instâncias da vida política – nos processos eleitorais, nas relações com a burocracia do Estado, nos movimentos sociais, etc. –, Queiroz, Franco e Fernandes, de diferentes maneiras, situaram suas possibilidades e limites de acordo com as especificidades do processo mais geral de passagem do rural ao urbano no Brasil. Entendemos que a perspectiva histórica desses três autores, que mostram os efeitos de longa duração das raízes agrárias na conformação do mundo urbano, é fundamental para uma melhor compreensão dos dilemas de participação na sociedade brasileira contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Pensamento social. Sociologia política. Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz. Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco. Florestan Fernandes.SHIFTS FROM RURAL TO URBAN AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT: Brazilian political sociology in the 1960’sThis article discusses the question of social participation in the empirical researches of three sociologists, Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz, Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco and Florestan Fernandes, in order to detect its theoretical potential. In these researches, conducted in the 1950s and 1960s at the University of São Paulo, the authors, in different and sometimes indirect ways, studied the modalities of participation of “ordinary people” in political life, like electoral processes, relations with state bureaucracy, social movements and so forth. Also, they theorized social participation in the wider and specific context of rural-urban transition in Brazilian society, what conditioned its possibilities and limits. The historical perspective of these three authors, showing the long duration effects of agrarian roots in shaping the urban world, can bring a better understanding of participation dilemmas in contemporary Brazil.Key words: Brazilian social thought; political sociology; Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz; Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco; Florestan FernandesLES PASSAGES DU RURAL À L’URBAIN ET LA PARTICIPATION SOCIALE: la sociologie politique brésilienne des années 60Cet article traite de la question de la participation sociale dans les recherches empiriques de trois sociologues, Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz, Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco et Florestan Fernandes, afin de détecter son potentiel théorique. Dans ces recherches, menées dans les années 1950 et 1960 à l’Université de São Paulo, les auteurs, de différentes et parfois indirectes manières, ont étudié les formes de participation des «hommes communs» dans la vie politique, comme les processus électoraux, les relations avec la bureaucratie d’Etat, les mouvements sociaux et ainsi de suite. En outre, ils ont théorisé la participation sociale dans le contexte plus large et spécifique de transition rural-urbain dans la société brésilienne, ce qui conditionne ses possibilités et ses limites. La perspective historique de ces trois auteurs, montrant les effets de longue durée des racines agraires dans le monde urbain, peut apporter une meilleure compréhension des dilemmes de la participation au Brésil contemporain.Mots-clés: Pensée sociale brésilienne; sociologie politique; Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz; Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco; Florestan Fernandes Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br

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Nobe, Masao. "Social Participation in Urban Japan: Variations among Tokyo Women." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 27, no. 1 (March 1991): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078339102700105.

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Bottini, Luca. "Is Urban Space Able to Affect Community Participation? a Research Proposal between Urban Sociology and Environmental Psychology." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 4, no. 1 (August 30, 2015): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v4i1.p81-86.

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This paper will deal with the study of the relation between the urban spaces and social phenomena. Today the world is considered as a "global village", where the borders and differences between the places seem to lose their meaning; it would be interesting to ask whether the space is still crucial to understand social phenomena in contemporary societies. This opens the big question that we will try to give an answer: may the space be considered as a variable able to affect social behavior? In last decades sociologists have further increased the interest about this issue, coming to what has been defined “spatial sociology”. In social science we rarely find out researches which try to answer to the key question: how space affects inhabitants? How can we measure this relation? We can insight more and more this very fascinating issue looking at other disciplines. For instance, environmental psychology has developed a long tradition in the identification and measurement of the perception of space by people. This different point of view allow us to deepen the relation within spaces and people, measuring several aspect of the impact of space in individual’s life, such as place attachment, urban quality perceived, and so on. In this paper I will present my PhD’s research project, endorsing the environmental psychological as useful theoretical and methodological framework to study the space-people relation in urban sociology.

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Kiyanenko, K. V. "Social strategies for urban management and urban-environment development in the works of T. M. Dridze and in contemporary Russia." RUDN Journal of Sociology 22, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 720–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2022-22-3-720-731.

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In the pre- and early post-reform Russian urban sociology, the works of T.M. Dridze, a prominent Russian sociologist and psychologist, are of a great importance. Her concepts of urban development, social participation and urban environment reflect the democratic approach to urban development and urban social management. Under the dominant liberal, market-oriented urban regulation, this approach was considered almost marginal. However, after the adoption in 2016 of the federal project for developing a ‘comfortable urban environment’, the rhetoric of ‘environment’ and ‘participation’ started to prevail in both society and urban social sciences. The question is whether the ideas and theoretical models of the democratic urban planning started to determine the contemporary urban development. To answer this question, the author clarifies the content of the basic terms used by T.M. Dridze and her interpretation of the relationships between the environment, society and participatory technologies; reveals the methodological role of social participation and defines it as a scale of social practices - from the grassroot ‘activism’ to the ‘participation from above’ initiated by the authorities. The author conducts a conceptualterminological analysis to compare three strategies of urban development: urban construction, urban regulation and urban arrangement, and only the last one seems to be consistently democratic. The analysis of the texts and methods of the federal project allows the author to make conclusions about the certain qualities of this project. Thus, the project replaces the democratic socialenvironmental type of social participation in urban development - planning, implementation, assessment of results - by the improvement of urban areas as controlled by the authorities. This means that the works of T.M. Dridze are still relevant for the democratic urban studies and urban development.

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Cataldi, Silvia. "Public Sociology and Participatory Approaches. Towards a Democratization of Social Research?" Qualitative Sociology Review 10, no. 4 (October 31, 2014): 152–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.10.4.07.

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The subject of participation has been gathering increasing interest from the various social disciplines: from politology to psychology, from urban sociology to evaluation, this concept carries a particular fascination and discussing participatory research has now become an absolute must. However, an adequate reflection on methodologies for analyzing research practices and evaluating hypotheses and effects when setting up actual research relationships has not followed on the tail of this new tendency. This paper arises from that need and aims, through discussion of the main debates that have interested science and sociology, to reevaluate a critical approach towards the analysis of the social relationships that are created during a research investigation. This study starts out as a reflection aimed at analyzing the impact that participation, in all its various forms, can have on the way research is carried out. The originality of this article lies in the proposal of a form of participation, and from this, the expression of a hope for the future of social sciences: that we can aspire towards a dialogical model and towards a new cooperative and emancipatory relationship with the public.

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Haklay, Muki, Piotr Jankowski, and Zbigniew Zwoliński. "Selected Modern Methods and Tools for Public Participation in Urban Planning – A Review." Quaestiones Geographicae 37, no. 3 (September 6, 2018): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0030.

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Abstract The paper presents a review of contributions to the scientific discussion on modern methods and tools for public participation in urban planning. This discussion took place in Obrzycko near Poznań, Poland. The meeting was designed to allow for an ample discussion on the themes of public participatory geographic information systems, participatory geographic information systems, volunteered geographic information, citizen science, Geoweb, geographical information and communication technology, Geo-Citizen participation, geo-questionnaire, geo-discussion, GeoParticipation, Geodesign, Big Data and urban planning. Participants in the discussion were scholars from Austria, Brazil, the Czech Republic, Finland, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the USA. A review of public participation in urban planning shows new developments in concepts and methods rooted in geography, landscape architecture, psychology, and sociology, accompanied by progress in geoinformation and communication technologies. The discussions emphasized that it is extremely important to state the conditions of symmetric cooperation between city authorities, urban planners and public participation representatives, social organizations, as well as residents.

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Alparone, Francesca Romana, and Antonella Rissotto. "Children's citizenship and participation models: participation in planning urban spaces and children's councils." Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 11, no. 6 (2001): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/casp.642.

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Colombo, Monica, Cristina Mosso, and Norma De Piccoli. "Sense of community and participation in urban contexts." Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 11, no. 6 (2001): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/casp.645.

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GARCÍA, SOLEDAD. "Urban Communities and Local Political Participation in Spain." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 540, no. 1 (July 1995): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716295540000006.

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Hong, Dong Shik. "Primary Relationships and Social Participation in a Korean Metropolitan City." Sociological Perspectives 30, no. 3 (July 1987): 289–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389114.

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This article attempts to investigate patterns of association between primary relationships (in both kinship and neighborhood relations) and social participation in voluntary associations in a Korean metropolitan city. Two alternative hypotheses, that is, an incompatibility hypothesis positing a negative relation between primary relationships and social participation and a reinforcement hypothesis positing a positive relationship were derived. The data were collected from 1,047 households and housewives through self-administered questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis was applied to assess the hypotheses, controlling for 7 individual variables. The results lend strong support to the reinforcement hypothesis, indicating the positive influences of primary relationships on social participation. Finally, this article discusses some probable mechanisms underlying the findings in Korean urban contexts.

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Champagne, David. "Urban sustainability policies in neoliberal Canada: Room for social equity?" Current Sociology 68, no. 6 (December 12, 2019): 761–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392119892668.

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A growing concern worldwide is whether or not urban sustainability policies promote social equity. In Western countries, sustainability policies are at the forefront of an emerging regime of urban governance. While some researchers have shown how such policies support, counter or ride along with predominant neoliberal trends, others suggest that they may form a beacon for progressive politics. However, these studies do not investigate whether the political economy of urban sustainability policies promotes equity on a national scale. The present article addresses this gap by investigating ‘sustainable city’ discourses in 11 Canadian municipalities. Contrary to recurring hopes, these policies do not fully embrace a return to social equity. Instead, they overwhelmingly privilege a form of ‘environmental neoliberalism’ by focusing on a creative, educated and professionalized urban community. The article examines how these policy discourses conceive social equity around the themes of economic growth, housing, income and democratic participation. Today’s urban compromise leaves little room for social equity.

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Fan, Xiaoguang, and Fei Yan. "The long shadow: Social mobility and political participation in urban China, 2006–2012." Social Science Research 81 (July 2019): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.03.006.

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Fernandez-Wulff, Paula, and Christopher Yap. "The Urban Politics of Human Rights Practice." Journal of Human Rights Practice 12, no. 2 (July 2020): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huaa019.

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Abstract Social movement organizations are increasingly developing human rights strategies at the municipal level, particularly in European urban contexts. Yet critical scholarly work on human rights has overlooked two related realities: non-state-centric, social movement use of the tools and discourses of rights, and the strategic participation of citizen groups in municipal urban policy spaces. This article builds on critical human rights theory through the experiences of three grassroots organizations claiming and exercising social rights in urban policy spaces of Barcelona, Valladolid, and London. It engages with a number of scholarly critiques of the state and human rights, particularly focusing on those critiques that question their compatibility with autonomy, democracy, and self-government at the local level. While the value of such critical literature is undeniable, we show how urban grassroots practices and experiences with social rights-based strategies in the context of housing, water, and participation can circumvent some of these critiques on the ground, pointing at new avenues for critical legal research when infused with other critical discourses, including urban politics.

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Gibbons, Joseph. "“Placing” the relation of social media participation to neighborhood community connection." Journal of Urban Affairs 42, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 1262–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2020.1792311.

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Oliveira, Fabiana De. "Reflexões a respeito de uma experiência de participação infantil no Brasil envolvendo os espaços urbanos e a perspectiva das crianças." Revista Portuguesa de Educação 30, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/rpe.8688.

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O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da participação infantil a partir das ações desenvolvidas por uma organização não governamental brasileira. A pesquisa desenvolvida se caracteriza como qualitativa por meio da realização de um estudo bibliográfico e documental, com a consequente análise de conteúdo. Entende-se que, por meio dos Estudos da Criança, especialmente a partir das contribuições da Sociologia da Infância, será possível pensar em formas de atuação da criança na sociedade com base na compreensão dessa enquanto ator social, sujeito de direitos e com voz. A experiência brasileira que trouxemos nos aponta caminhos importantes na consideração da participação infantil nos espaços públicos, especificamente no espaço urbano das cidades. Os projetos desenvolvidos envolvendo as crianças e seus contextos de vida contribuem para a consideração dessas como cidadãs ativas e competentes e nos mostram que as mesmas estão bastante atentas ao espaço que as rodeia.Palavras-chave: Participação infantil; Direitos; Criança;Infância ABSTRACTThe aim of the current study is to address child participation according to actions taken by a Brazilian non-governmental organization. The developed research is featured as qualitative due to the conduction of a bibliographic and documental study and to the consequent content analysis. It is known that studies focused on child participation, as well as the contributions from the Childhood Sociology, allow thinking about the way children act in society by understanding them as social actors, as subjects with rights and voice. The Brazilian experience we brought to the current study shows important paths about children's participation in public areas, mainly in urban areas. Projects about children and their life contexts give children the status of active and competent citizens, and show them as very attentive to the space around them.Keywords: Child participation; Rights; Child; Childhood

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Ong, Lynette H., and Donglin Han. "What Drives People to Protest in an Authoritarian Country? Resources and Rewards vs Risks of Protests in Urban and Rural China." Political Studies 67, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 224–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032321718763558.

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What drives people to protest in an authoritarian country? Drawing from a rich set of individual-level data from the China General Social Survey 2010, we address the question of protest participation by focusing on the factors of resources, and rewards vs risks, that might be unique to protestors in an authoritarian state. We find strong evidence for education, typically conceived as a key enabling resource in protests, to be negatively associated with likelihood of participation. There are, however, significant differences between political behavior in urban and rural samples. We find some, though rather weak, evidence to suggest that as urban residents become wealthier over time, they will increasingly turn to protests as a form of political participation, demanding greater accountability of government and corporate actions.

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Lyson, Helena C. "Social Structural Location and Vocabularies of Participation: Fostering a Collective Identity in Urban Agriculture Activism." Rural Sociology 79, no. 3 (March 19, 2014): 310–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12041.

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Jennings, James. "Urban Planning, Community Participation, and the Roxbury Master Plan in Boston." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 594, no. 1 (July 2004): 12–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716204264947.

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Lez’er, Viktoria, Nina Semerianova, Anna Kopytova, and Yuri Truntsevsky. "Youth entrepreneurship as a basis for sustainable urban development: social and legal aspect." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002093.

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Young people involved in entrepreneurial activities play an important socio-economic role. This fact is recognized by the state; therefore, youth entrepreneurship is defined as one of the priority directions of youth policy in Russia. The younger generation contributes to the rapid development of small and medium-sized businesses, formation of a sustainable middle class, creation of new jobs and reduction of unemployment, which has a beneficial effect on the economy of the state as a whole. However, at present, there is a decrease in the interest of young people to participate in entrepreneurial activities, this fact has determined the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the problems of youth participation in entrepreneurial activities in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area - Ugra. For successful development of youth entrepreneurship in Russia, it is necessary to conduct a single comprehensive study of this institution by the efforts of various branches of science - sociology, economics, law, etc., taking into account geographical and national characteristics of development of territories, their budgets and state of finances.

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YASEEN, Aneela. "Inclusive Aspects of Urban Design: Sociability, Walkability and Overall Ambiance." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 05, no. 01 (March 2017): 1750001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748117500014.

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Urban design is a multifaceted process that interfaces various aspects, extending from community physical activity and health improvement to social and environmental fields. An efficient urban design requires understanding of ideas, paradigms, and research from many dimensions of knowledge, i.e. anthropology, sociology, engineering, architecture, and urban planning. The debate in this paper is based on the fact that the sociability of a society is dependent on its urban design prototype. A systemic urban design increases the opportunity for walkability, sequentially enhancing the probability of real-time social interaction. Such an urban ambiance plays a significant role in human physical and mental well-being and their behaviors. The aspects of urban space, such as sociability, walkability and overall ambiance, are appraised according to the published literature. This paper aims at collecting the already proven specifics in one piece of writing to open up avenues for further research and establish the inclusive aspects of urban design. The literature from the final decade of the 20th century to contemporary works has been considered for this instance. The research concludes that interdisciplinary engagement and participation of the public in decision-making for urban design are necessary. It recommends further exploration of the relationship of sociability, walkability and urban ambiance, and their correlation with human well-being.

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Pinkster, Fenne. "Neighborhood-Based Networks, Social Resources, and Labor Market Participation in Two Dutch Neighborhoods." Journal of Urban Affairs 31, no. 2 (May 2009): 213–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.2009.00442.x.

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Wu, Fulong. "Neighborhood Attachment, Social Participation, and Willingness to Stay in China’s Low-Income Communities." Urban Affairs Review 48, no. 4 (April 18, 2012): 547–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087411436104.

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ADAMS, ROGER, and ANDY McCULLOUGH. "The urban practitioner and participation in research within a streetwork context." Community, Work & Family 6, no. 3 (December 2003): 269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1366880032000143456.

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Widhyharto, Derajad Sulistyo, Desi Rahmawati, and Norin Mustika Rahadiri Abheseka. "Silent Political Apathy in Urban Society: The Case of Medan 2018 Election." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 24, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.51724.

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Studies on non-voting behavior and which depart from social perspectives have long been stagnated due to the dominance of analysis that puts systems, institutionalization, political mechanisms and participation as the main viewpoints of the studies. This study using social perspectives is useful to explain why voters were not present at polling stations during the Medan 2018 Election. It elaborates the social aspects that influenced non-voting behavior in the urban area of Medan in North Sumatra, Indonesia during the 2018 gubernatorial election. Utilizing mix- method strategies, instead of citing social aspects as a mere research context, this article argues that social aspects in the form of social cleavages worked behind the silent apathy, namely apathy that was implicitly indicated by voters who were not present at polling stations. Social cleavages including ethnicity, religion and gender indicated a paradox since they—with the exception of gender—were used by candidates as the main campaign substance. On the other hand, large numbers of people showed disinterest in these social cleavages during the election. This article explains why abstained voters hid their disinterest behind their excuses for not being present at the polling stations for economic (working activities) and other reasons.

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HERNÁNDEZ-MEDINA, ESTHER. "Social Inclusion through Participation: the Case of the Participatory Budget in São Paulo." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 34, no. 3 (June 8, 2010): 512–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00966.x.

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de‐Graft Aikins, Ama, Mawuli Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa Kushitor, Olutobi Sanuade, Paapa Yaw Asante, Lionel Sakyi, Francis Agyei, Kwadwo Koram, and Gbenga Ogedegbe. "Building cardiovascular disease competence in an urban poor Ghanaian community: A social psychology of participation approach." Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 30, no. 4 (January 8, 2020): 419–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/casp.2447.

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Stevenson, Deborah, and Liam Magee. "Art and space: Creative infrastructure and cultural capital in Sydney, Australia." Journal of Sociology 53, no. 4 (December 2017): 839–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783317744105.

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Creative activity and cultural facilities are routinely touted as markers and facilitators of successful cities and societies. This view is underpinned by the assumption that they contribute to local economic growth, foster a positive city image, and enhance urban quality of life. Creativity and the consumption of art are also well established as markers of social and cultural status, while access to, and the physical distribution of, cultural resources are also embedded in, and reinforce, forms of social difference. Understanding the intersection of the social and the spatial in the consumption and distribution of culture is important to both cultural and urban sociology. Using Sydney, Australia, as a case study and drawing on the findings of a major national study of cultural consumption, the article engages with the influential work of Pierre Bourdieu on the reception of art and the differential propensity of various social classes to go to art galleries and to appreciate art, to highlight social and spatial concentrations and fault-lines in arts participation. It also points to important theoretical and empirical nuances, including a weakening of the nexus between socio-economic class and cultural consumption that is occurring at the same time as the links between forms of cultural capital – education and art consumption – appear to be strengthening.

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Rees, Anthony, Tom Gibbons, and Kevin Dixon. "The Surveillance of Racing Cyclists in Training: A Bourdieusian Perspective." Surveillance & Society 11, no. 4 (December 18, 2013): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v11i4.4729.

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Research into the complexities of social identity construction and maintenance within racing cycling cultures has been neglected in sport sociology and studies of cycling group interactions are lacking. In this paper, preliminary findings from an on-going ethnographic research study on understanding the social world of a group (n= 73) of male racing cyclists aged between 17 and 56 years in the north east of England are discussed primarily through the application of theoretical concepts from the twentieth century sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, including: habitus, field, capital, and symbolic violence. Extracts from field notes and photographs from group training rides are used to reveal how social order is governed via various forms of lateral social surveillance. Social order occurs through a commitment to the shared values of the training group under study, and through acceptance of initiatory rituals where newcomers are tested through acts of what Bourdieu terms symbolic violence. These preliminary findings suggest that whilst the exclusiveness of this sub-cultural field provides much of the attraction to established group members, it may also represent a barrier to participation for newcomers and a better understanding may inform debates related to building broader, more inclusive cycling cultures.

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Burean, Toma, and Gabriel Badescu. "Voices of discontent: Student protest participation in Romania." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 47, no. 3-4 (September 2014): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2014.10.004.

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In January 2012, in several cities of Romania, people turned out to streets to protest. The protests were linked to the wave of movements such as the Indignados or Occupy Wall Street. The students were especially visible among protesters. In this paper, we show that the profile of protests in Romania witnessed a significant shift from workers strikes for higher wages and better jobs, during communism and in the 1990ies, to social movements in which young urban educated citizens mobilize with the help of social networks for issues that are linked to the quality of democracy and life. Furthermore, the shift in protesting is associated, at the individual level, with distrust of the political system, which stimulates engaging in demonstrations. Interestingly, online activism accelerates the feeling of shared distrust of institutions, motivating youth to engage in protest participation, although the effects might be moderate and the causal arrow somewhat uncertain. The hypotheses are tested with data from a general survey on participation in 2012 and a student survey from October 2012. We find that gender, distrust in institutions and family income influence protest behavior. Time spent online has a negative effect on protest engagement and online activism is related to protest behavior.

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Seiler, Gale, and Rowhea Elmesky. "The Role of Communal Practices in the Generation of Capital and Emotional Energy among Urban African American Students in Science Classrooms." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 109, no. 2 (February 2007): 391–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810710900208.

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One of the intractable aspects of the so-called achievement gap between Black and White students lies in our failure to identify viable ways to increase science achievement and participation among African American students living in our inner cities. However, there has been little research that attempts to understand how the social and cultural experiences of these African American students affect what happens in science classrooms. Using lenses from cultural sociology, the research presented in this paper begins to describe the nature of communalism as a cultural disposition and a component of their repertoires of practice. While recognizing the complex and contradictory nature of culture, we argue that communalism is common among African American experiences and has particular significance in interactions among urban teens, and that it permeates urban classrooms as well. By focusing on a pair of African American male students, we answer important questions of how communal practices afford the generation of social and symbolic capital along with positive emotional energy, as shared goals are addressed and science participation and understanding are enhanced. In addition, we offer suggestions on how teachers can employ an understanding of the role of communalism, capital, and emotional energy in improving science teaching and learning in their classrooms.

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31

Huan Xiong. "The Evolution of Urban Society and Social Changes in Sports Participation At the Grassroots in China." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 42, no. 4 (December 2007): 441–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690208089836.

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32

Валибейги, Моджтаба, and Марьям Серешти. "Sociable Space and Social Policies in Iranian Urban Local Communities." Journal of Social Policy Studies 20, no. 1 (April 23, 2022): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/727-0634-2022-20-1-137-148.

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Changes in the spatial arrangement and dominant social processes of urbanization over the past few decades in Iran have failed to allow communities to shape their social interactions. This paper is a synthesis of a quantitative and qualitative study of community responses aimed at creating good social spaces within local communities in Tehran. First, we identified Perceived Residential Environment Quality indicators (PREQ) as tools for determining the effects of environmental quality (EQ) of sociable spaces. Then key social governance-related concerns were studied on the basis of five questions including: Are the decision-making and regulatory processes open, rigorous and accountable? Is the environmental quality assessment process adequate? Does the government have the intention and capacity to monitor and enforce regulations? Has the interaction of community members in decisions been timely and have local actors been significantly involved? Have local governments been included in decision making? It is observed that community residents identified systematic gaps and problems in decision-making processes and sometimes even used them to advance individual interests, because they do not feel that they are dealt with justice and see the current laws as depriving them of access to more resources. In many cases, regulatory protections and assessments of social and environmental values lagged behind the physical construction. Administrative bureaucracies without creating a real participation have been increased. Overall, we argue that as a common ground, environmental activities can bring together people in the local community but when such functioning systems are put in place to ensure community engagement. So, despite extensive formal endorsement, they should provide for an effective as opposed to a symbolic involvement of stakeholders other than governmental authorities.

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Kousis, Maria. "Environmental Protest Cases: The City, The Countryside, and The Grassroots in Southern Europe." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 4, no. 2 (September 1, 1999): 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.4.2.c717277475n66645.

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Systematic cross-national analysis of environmental activism in urban and rural communities is nonexistent for Southern Europe. This article uses protest-case analysis to trace local environmental protest cases (not events) of urban and rural communities in Greece, Spain, and Portugal from the end of their dictatorial periods in the 1970s until 1994. The findings show a convergence between urban and rural environmental claims and protest actions, especially in the later period. Rural groups are more limited in terms of their social networks, and are less numerous than urban ones. A critical development during the twenty-year period is the emergence of a small but potent minority of urban and rural protesters. Findings show that they are (1) extensive and heterogeneous in terms of networks and claims, and (2) numerous and intensive in terms of collective action participation.

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Williams, Colin C. "Socio-Spatial Variations in Community Self-Help: A Total Social Organisation of Labour Perspective." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2011): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746411000091.

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Previous studies have suggested that community self-help in affluent populations revolves around engagement in formal community-based groups, whilst the participatory culture of deprived populations is more orientated towards informal (one-to-one) community participation. Reporting the findings of 861 face-to-face interviews conducted in affluent and deprived urban and rural English communities, and reading participation in community self-help through the lens of a ‘total social organisation of labour’ perspective, this article transcends this dichotomous depiction and provides a finer-grained more multi-layered mapping of the multifarious varieties of community self-help and its socio-spatial variations. The article concludes by exploring the implications for theory, practice and policy.

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He, Lichao. "Still the Age of the State? Organized Social Participation and Civil Society Development in Urban China." Pacific Focus 24, no. 3 (December 2009): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1976-5118.2009.01028.x.

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Galvão, Ana Maria De Oliveira, Kelly Aparecida De Sousa Queiroz, and Mônica Yumi Jinzenji. "Mulheres de meios populares e a construção de modos de participação nas culturas do escrito (Minas Gerais, Brasil, Século XX)." education policy analysis archives 21 (September 23, 2013): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v21n72.2013.

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How do low-income women build, throughout their lives, ways to participate in written culture? What are the main instances that “sponsor” this participation? What kind of participation is built? This article aims to analyze the tactics through which low-income, uneducated black women, who were born in rural areas and today live in a slum in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, built their participation in written culture during the mid-20th century. Oral history was used as methodological approach to interview 33 women. A survey of secondary data about their hometowns was also performed. The theoretical framework includes the works done in the fields of cultural history, sociology of reading, and orality and literacy. The results of the research show that family, school, the urban environment, and the participation in social movements were, in general, responsible for the women’s participation in written culture. The research also shows that they performed different ways of participation. Some women became literary readers, wrote poems and music, and developed very organized speeches. However, most of them experienced a distant relationship with the written world: they learned how to sign their names and developed tactics to live in a written-centered society, such as memorization and the help from people who know how to read and write.

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Metzger, Aaron, Hugh F. Crean, and Emma L. Forbes-Jones. "Patterns of Organized Activity Participation in Urban, Early Adolescents." Journal of Early Adolescence 29, no. 3 (December 2, 2008): 426–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431608322949.

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Jacobs, Jamie Elizabeth. "Community Participation, the Environment, and Democracy: Brazil in Comparative Perspective." Latin American Politics and Society 44, no. 04 (2002): 59–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2002.tb00223.x.

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Abstract Grassroots environmental activism among Latin America's poor has altered the debate over environmental policy, social welfare, and citizenship. Yet the question remains whether this social mobilization of the poor is part of a larger trend toward broader environmental concerns and democratic political participation, or a shortlived movement susceptible to the same pressures that have dissolved community mobilization in the past. This article compares Brazil with other Latin American and European countries in surveys of environmental awareness, concerns, and reported behavior. It finds that Brazilians residing in the urban periphery link their own local environmental concerns to more global considerations, and that concern for and activism on environmental issues is positively related to wider community involvement.

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Rampal, Anita. "Scaffolded Participation of Children: Perspectives from India." International Journal of Children's Rights 16, no. 3 (2008): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181808x311169.

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AbstractThis paper offers a nuanced cross-cultural perspective on children's 'scaffolded' participation, within the 'spaces' of formal, informal and non-formal education. Contrasting children's agency in rural or urban, disadvantaged or privileged, modernising or collectivistic communities in India, it points to the tensions of 'participation' in school, work or public action, within a stratified education system which promotes 'technological' rather than 'social intelligence'. Scaffolded participation in the 'formal' school is detailed through two curricular models - the Gandhian Basic School for learning situated in productive processes, and the National Curriculum Framework 2005 for active participation in the construction of knowledge. The non-formal space of the literacy campaign is used to analyse the large-scale voluntary mobilisation of rural youth for transformative action.

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40

Robinson, John N. "Capitalizing on Community: Affordable Housing Markets in the Age of Participation." Politics & Society 48, no. 2 (March 19, 2020): 171–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018578720911472.

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This article examines the affordable housing market to develop a new way to understand the problem of co-optation in participatory urban governance. Through a case study of the Chicago metropolitan area, it uses data from 105 in-depth interviews—supplemented with ethnographic, archival, and secondary data—to shed light on the circumstances in which poverty-managing organizations compete for the resources necessary to house marginalized populations. Findings show how community-based groups, which have long housed the poorest neighborhoods and residents, are systematically excluded from access to development capital in favor of other “grassroots for hire” organizations more amenable to the elite co-optation of grassroots empowerment—a process referred to as co-optation by cohort replacement. The article discusses implications of these findings for the study of urban development, participatory governance, and the changing social safety net.

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Jonason, Amy. "Defining, Aligning, and Negotiating Futures: New Forms of Identity Work in an Urban Farming Project." Sociological Perspectives 62, no. 5 (May 12, 2019): 691–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121419845894.

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Collective identity is critical to motivating and sustaining participation in social movement groups. What organizes and sustains collective action when a group’s members do not share common identity traits such as race, class, religion, or gender? This paper argues that shared ideas about the future, or future projections, are overlooked bases of collective identity in social movement groups, and that the processes of defining, aligning with, and negotiating future projections constitute previously unrecognized forms of identity work. I support this argument with ethnographic, interview, and archival data from a nascent urban farming project. After describing how project founders defined a compelling future of “sustainable community,” I identify a process called imaginative imputation through which a diverse set of participants aligned themselves with the project. Coordination problems created critical points for negotiating new properties of the imagined future, ultimately weakening some individuals’ identification with, and commitment to, the urban farm.

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42

Martín Rojo, Luisa. "Occupy." Journal of Language and Politics 13, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 583–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.4.01mar.

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Large-scale protests have recently transformed urban common spaces into sites of resistance. Squares and urban places, monumentally designed as political and economic centres, have been reclaimed as places for discussion anddecision-making, for increasing participation and intervention in the governance of the community. Through banners and signs, open assemblies, and other communicative practices in the encampments and interconnecting physical and virtual spaces, participants permanently reconfigure the spatial context discursively. The attempt to account for on-going social phenomena from the moment they first happen, and with an international perspective, undoubtedly represents a theoretical and methodological challenge. This special issue focuses on this complex interplay between social, spatial, and communicative practices, drawing on complementary and alternative methods.

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Davidow, Julie. "“The Crusade Is Now Begun in Philadelphia”: Municipal Reformers, Southern Moderates, and African American Politics." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 2 (January 5, 2018): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144217746162.

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As the twentieth century dawned, social and political reformers increasingly identified the growing black population in Philadelphia as an important underpinning of the city’s corrupt Republican political machine. This article explores the ways in which Philadelphia’s urban political corruption narrative, with its pointed attacks on black partisanship and electoral participation, developed in dialogue with white southerners’ campaigns to frame Reconstruction as a perversion of democracy. Rather than simply solidifying Jim Crow in the South, northern reformers and southern moderates borrowed from each other to shape and articulate an emerging national consensus that African Americans were unfit for full participation in the body politic.

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Bruce, Marta M., Connie M. Ulrich, Nancy Kassam-Adams, and Therese S. Richmond. "Seriously Injured Urban Black Men’s Perceptions of Clinical Research Participation." Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 3, no. 4 (December 22, 2015): 724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40615-015-0191-y.

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45

Tong, Hongmei, Daniel W. L. Lai, and Christine A. Walsh. "Formal Social Participation and Utilization of Community-based Services among Urban Elderly Chinese Living Alone in Shanghai, China." Journal of Social Service Research 45, no. 4 (March 26, 2019): 520–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2018.1481172.

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46

Barnfield, Andrew. "Orientating to the urban environment to find a time and space to run in Sofia, Bulgaria." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, no. 5 (February 3, 2019): 544–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690219826494.

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This paper qualitatively explores how runners orientate themselves to a time and a route to run in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. The experiences of urban running enable a better understanding of the embodiments and techniques involved in physical activity participation in an urban environment. The paper draws on data from a mixed methods research project of recreational running in Sofia, offering a discussion of everyday experience, running practices and urban space. The study combines participant observation, running diaries and in-depth qualitative interviews with runners to think through the many processes involved in learning and maintaining a physical practice in an urban environment. The paper concludes by identifying the key issues and experiences of the runners and how these can be utilised to improve our knowledge of running in cities. This study draws attention to the challenges in establishing landscapes of movement for European cities.

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47

Barnfield, Andrew. "Autonomous geographies of recreational running in Sofia, Bulgaria." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 53, no. 8 (February 14, 2017): 944–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216688671.

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During the last decade, recreational running in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, has become more visible. The growing popularity of free to join recreational running clubs is a key mechanism that has promoted running and developed the burgeoning running scene in the city. The case study presented in this paper draws on in-depth interviews and participant observation from an ongoing project with recreational runners in Sofia. This paper argues that these running clubs endeavor to promote a collective ontology that aims at bringing all sorts of bodies together. As such, running clubs present an approach that foregrounds participation and movement to promote sustainable urban spaces that are defined by their openness to corporeal activity. Drawing on the work of Jean-Luc Nancy and concepts of everyday utopias and urban play this paper concludes that running clubs are suggestive of ways to develop physical activity within a pluralistic notion of bodies and space. The paper develops the evidence base of elements of running club activities that draw people into participation in Eastern Europe.

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48

Zifonun, Dariuš. "Posttraditional Migrants." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 44, no. 5 (June 3, 2015): 617–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241615587381.

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This article analyses the participation of migrants in sport. Based on the case study of a Turkish soccer club in Germany, it scrutinizes the structural and processual features of ethnic self organization. The club responds to the problems of social order in modern complex societies—problems emanating from the pluralization of social life-worlds—by employing a number of characteristic answers. Among them are the segmentation into sub-worlds, the composition of an integrative ideology of friendship as well as the creation of a soccer style. In processes of legitimation and delegitimation, questions of belonging and recognition are being negotiated. All of this allows for the management of ambivalence in everyday life and contributes to the distinctively posttraditional character of community. The article suggests that a sociology of social worlds approach can substantially contribute to the study of the interactive social structures of society.

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Siegel, Sarah. "“Dominant Decision-Making Authority”: Resident Leadership in St. Louis, Missouri, Model Cities Planning." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 2 (March 7, 2018): 333–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218757498.

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When federal policymakers created Model Cities in 1966, they envisioned it as an innovative approach to urban renewal. Part of the War on Poverty, Model Cities combined slum redevelopment, an expansion of social services, and citizen participation. Understanding community action as a critique of and attempt to reorient decades of failed urban policy, this article spotlights efforts by residents to seize and maintain control of urban improvement programs. Residents claimed expertise in urban planning by virtue of their experience living in impoverished neighborhoods. Their vision for their community suggested an alternate path for city planning that supported poor residents’ influence to achieve a more democratic society. This article traces how community leaders in St. Louis, Missouri, briefly achieved resident-controlled urban planning within Model Cities. Although residents’ ideas were never implemented as they hoped, these plans expose the opportunities and constraints of neighborhood activism in the War on Poverty.

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Donovan, Joan. "Toward a Militant Ethnography of Infrastructure: Cybercartographies of Order, Scale, and Scope across the Occupy Movement." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 48, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 482–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241618792311.

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Taking networked social movements as a fieldsite, I chart how the Occupy Movement transformed as activists turned to building infrastructure as a mode of political participation. Critically, infrastructure is not simply a feature of networked social movements, but forms its core capacities. Integrating insights from militant ethnography with STS research on infrastructure studies, I illustrate how to use these methods to render visible the infrastructure of networked social movements. Because militant research projects and STS scholarship have a dual role of making knowledge about as well as knowledge for participants, examining the epistemological foundations of social movement research requires understanding the researcher’s purpose for participating and, then, operationalizing their knowledge. To illustrate this, I introduce cybercartography, a theory/methods package, for mapping organizational change in order, scale, and scope across networked social movements. As such, cybercartography bridges academic knowledge production with activists’ goals to organize action.

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