Готові списки джерел за темами / Smoking, lung function, longitudinal analysis

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Smoking, lung function, longitudinal analysis"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Smoking, lung function, longitudinal analysis"

Skoczyńska, Anna, Leszek Gruszczyński, Anna Wojakowska, Marek Ścieszka, Barbara Turczyn, and Edward Schmidt. "Association between the Type of Workplace and Lung Function in Copper Miners." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5928572.

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The aim of the analysis was to retrospectively assess changes in lung function in copper miners depending on the type of workplace. In the groups of 225 operators, 188 welders, and 475 representatives of other jobs, spirometry was performed at the start of employment and subsequently after 10, 20, and 25 years of work. Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis software was used to estimate changes in group means for FEV1and FVC. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess an association between workplace and lung function. Lung function assessed on the basis of calculation of longitudinal FEV1 (FVC) decline was similar in all studied groups. However, multiple linear regression model used in cross-sectional analysis revealed an association between workplace and lung function. In the group of welders, FEF75 was lower in comparison to operators and other miners as early as after 10 years of work. Simultaneously, in smoking welders, the FEV1/FVC ratio was lower than in nonsmokers (p< 0,05). The interactions between type of workplace and smoking (p< 0,05) in their effect on FVC, FEV1, PEF, and FEF50 were shown. Among underground working copper miners, the group of smoking welders is especially threatened by impairment of lung ventilatory function.

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Li, Donghe, Woojin Kim, Jahoon An, Soriul Kim, Seungku Lee, Ahra Do, Wonji Kim, et al. "Heritability Analyses Uncover Shared Genetic Effects of Lung Function and Change over Time." Genes 13, no. 7 (July 15, 2022): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071261.

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Genetic influence on lung functions has been identified in previous studies; however, the relative longitudinal effects of genetic factors and their interactions with smoking on lung function remain unclear. Here, we identified the longitudinal effects of genetic variants on lung function by determining single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability and genetic correlations, and by analyzing interactions with smoking. Subject-specific means and annual change rates were calculated for eight spirometric measures obtained from 6622 Korean adults aged 40–69 years every two years for 14 years, and their heritabilities were estimated separately. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) heritability for the subject-specific means of all spirometric measures (8~32%) and change rates of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC; 16%) and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (17%) were detected. Significant genetic correlations of the change rate with the subject-specific mean were observed for FEV1/FVC (ρg = 0.64) and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (ρg = 0.47). Furthermore, post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC showed significant heritability of SNP-by-smoking interaction (hGXS2 = 0.4) for the annual change rate. The GWAS also detected genome-wide significant SNPs for FEV1 (rs4793538), FEV1/FVC (rs2704589, rs62201158, and rs9391733), and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (rs2445936). We found statistically significant evidence of heritability role on the change in lung function, and this was shared with the effects on cross-sectional measurements. We also found some evidence of interaction with smoking for the change of lung function.

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Mahon, Gillian M., Gerard H. Koppelman, and Judith M. Vonk. "Grandmaternal smoking, asthma and lung function in the offspring: the Lifelines cohort study." Thorax 76, no. 5 (February 4, 2021): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215232.

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Background/objectiveLimited research exists regarding the association between grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk for asthma and altered lung function in grandchildren. This study aimed to investigate this association in a three-generation design.Methods37 291 participants (25 747 adults and 11 544 children) were included from the Lifelines study, a prospective longitudinal three generation cohort study in The Netherlands. Spirometry was available in 69.5% and 61.1% of the included adults and children. Logistic and linear regression were used to analyse the association between grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy and (1) asthma, (2) early childhood asthma (ie, onset before 6 years) and (3) lung function level. Maternal and paternal grandmaternal smoking were studied separately and the analyses were stratified by adult/child and by gender. The analyses were adjusted for gender, current smoking, birth variables and socioeconomic status.ResultsIn the adult population, maternal grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk for asthma (OR (95% CI): 1.38 (1.06 to 1.79)), early childhood asthma (1.49 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.11)) and a lower FEV1/FVC% predicted (B (95% CI): −1.04 (−1.91 to −0.16) in men. These findings were not observed in a separate analysis of children that participated in this study. There was also no significant association between paternal grandmaternal smoking and asthma/lung function.ConclusionMaternal grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with higher asthma risk and lower lung function in male grandchildren and a reverse effect in male grandchildren of subsequent generations. Our study highlights the deep-rooted effects of tobacco smoking across generations.

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Sherrill, DL, MD Lebowitz, RJ Knudson, and B. Burrows. "Longitudinal methods for describing the relationship between pulmonary function, respiratory symptoms and smoking in elderly subjects: the Tucson Study." European Respiratory Journal 6, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.06030342.

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In this study recently developed longitudinal techniques are used to examine the relationship between respiratory symptoms, smoking and pulmonary function measures in elderly subjects. The subjects were participants in the Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airways Obstructive Disease, aged > or = 55 yrs at the first survey 1972-1973, who had received pulmonary function testing and completed questionnaires in at least one of the six selected surveys. There were 633 males and 891 females, with up to 14 yrs follow-up included in the analysis. Based on their questionnaire responses, subjects were classified according to their respiratory symptoms and smoking habits at each survey. The pulmonary function testing included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and their ratio (FEV1/FVC). The pulmonary function data were analysed gender specific, with and without stratifying on vital status. The results indicate that respiratory symptoms are generally associated with lower levels of lung function, and that the impairment associated with chronic cough was observed predominantly in male subjects. The negative association of smoking was apparent in most measures, but was largest and most progressive in the FEV1/FVC ratios. Ex-smokers, in all cases, had better lung function values than current smokers, but their mean curves were always significantly below the values of nonsmokers.

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Mogensen, Ida, Judith M. Vonk, Sara R. A. Wijnant, Xingwu Zhou, H. Marike Boezen, Guy Brusselle, Lies Lahousse, Christer Janson, and Andrei Malinovschi. "Blood eosinophil level and lung function trajectories: cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in European cohorts." ERJ Open Research 6, no. 4 (October 2020): 00320–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00320-2020.

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BackgroundElevated blood eosinophils have been associated with lower lung function and are believed to be associated with accelerated lung function decline.MethodBlood eosinophils were measured in four cohorts: <45 years cohort within the Vlagtwedde–Vlaardingen (V&V) study, the Uppsala cohort of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS-Uppsala; <45 years), ≥45 years cohort within the V&V study, and the Rotterdam study (≥45 years). Blood eosinophils at baseline were classified as normal (<300 cells·μL−1) or elevated (≥300 cells·μL−1). Lung function was measured at baseline and follow-up with spirometry: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), vital capacity (VC) and their ratio FEV1/VC. The association between blood eosinophils and lung function was tested cross-sectionally using linear regression and longitudinally using a mixed model, both adjusted for age, sex, height, pack-years smoking and smoking status. Stratified analyses were done for asthma.ResultsElevated blood eosinophils were associated with lower FEV1 (regression coefficient −147 mL (95% CI −188 to −105 mL)), VC (−120 mL (−165 to −75 mL)) and FEV1/VC (−1.3% (−1.9% to −0.6%)) at baseline in the two <45 years cohorts, and with lower FEV1 (−70 mL (−112 to −27 mL)) and FEV1/VC (−1.8% (−2.6% to −1.0%)) in the two ≥45 years cohorts. Elevated blood eosinophils were associated with an accelerated decline in FEV1 (−5.5 mL·year−1 (95% CI −10.5 to −0.5 mL·year−1)) and VC (−6.4 mL·year−1 (−11.26 to −1.5 mL·year−1)) compared to normal blood eosinophils in the younger asthmatic subjects in the longitudinal studies.ConclusionElevated blood eosinophils are associated with lower lung function in the general population and with an accelerated lung function decline among asthmatic individuals.

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Hancox, Robert J., and Finn Rasmussen. "Does physical fitness enhance lung function in children and young adults?" European Respiratory Journal 51, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 1701374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01374-2017.

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Although physical activity is important for lung health, it is unclear whether physical fitness influences lung function. We investigated associations between lung function and fitness in two population-based cohort studies of children and young adults.Aerobic fitness was measured using a maximal cycle ergometer test at ages 9, 15, 21 and 29 years in Odense, Denmark and using a submaximal cycle test at ages 15, 26, 32 and 38 years in Dunedin, New Zealand.Aerobic fitness was positively associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in cross-sectional analyses at all ages in both cohorts, independently of height, weight, sex, asthma and smoking. Each standard deviation difference in fitness was associated with 2–3% predicted higher values of FEV1 and FVC. Improvements in fitness during childhood and adolescence were associated with growth in lung volumes in longitudinal analyses. These associations tended to be stronger in males than females. No longitudinal associations were found after peak adult lung function had been attained. Fitness was not significantly associated with FEV1/FVC ratios.Aerobic fitness is positively associated with lung volumes. Improving fitness during childhood and adolescence is associated with greater adult lung volumes, but not with airway calibre.

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Wright, J. L., and J. P. Sun. "Effect of smoking cessation on pulmonary and cardiovascular function and structure: analysis of guinea pig model." Journal of Applied Physiology 76, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 2163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.76.5.2163.

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To assess the pulmonary structural and functional effects of smoking cessation, we exposed groups of guinea pigs to cigarette smoke for 4 and 8 mo and included a group of animals in which smoke exposure was stopped at 4 mo (ex-smokers). We found that, compared with control nonsmokers, the smokers at both 4 and 8 mo showed airflow obstruction with alterations in lung volume and morphological evidence of emphysema with increased alveolar air space size and decreased alveolar surface area-to-volume ratio. There was an alteration in the pulmonary vascular structure, with increased numbers of muscularized arterioles, in the smokers at both time periods, and this was associated with significantly increased pulmonary arterial pressure at 8 mo. Cessation of smoke exposure appeared to halt, but not reverse, these structural changes. The smokers at 8 mo showed clear evidence for a “healthy smoker” effect, underscoring the necessity for longitudinal studies even when using an animal model. We conclude that cessation of exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with an apparent halt, but not a reversal, of emphysematous lung enlargement and pulmonary arteriolar muscularization. However, the magnitude of improvement in pulmonary function is not as great as the apparent structural differences would imply, and there is no clear effect on the pulmonary arterial pressure.

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Kim, Taeyun, Chul-Ho Oak, Mann-Hong Jung, Tae-Won Jang, and Jehun Kim. "High Serum Folate Concentration Is Associated with Better Lung Function in Male Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Who Are Current Smokers: Analysis of Nationwide Population-Based Survey." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (July 25, 2020): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082219.

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Folate, folic acid, has a role in mitigating inflammatory reactions in the human body. This study aimed to evaluate the association of serum folate levels with lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Of the 8149 participants of the 2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 311 subjects (192 males and 119 females) having COPD defined by the lower fifth percentile of the reference population were selected. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between serum folate level and lung function measurements. The association between the serum folate level and lung function in patients with COPD was evaluated using multivariable linear regression analysis after adjustment for age, sex, height, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, total calorie intake, residence, smoking status and smoking pack–years, education, and household income. The serum folate level showed a positive correlation with the predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%). In males, a trend for a positive correlation with serum folate level was observed in predicted FEV1%, FEV1 value, predicted percentage of forced vital capacity (FVC%), FVC value, and peak expiratory flow (PEF). No significant correlation between the serum folate level and lung function in females was observed. In the multivariable linear regression model, the serum folate level was associated with an increase in predicted FEV1%, FEV1 value, predicted FVC%, FVC value, and PEF; however, the significance was only observed in males, especially among current smokers. High serum folate level was positively associated with lung function measurements in male COPD patients who were current smokers. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

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Joshi, Divya, MyLinh Duong, Susan Kirkland, and Parminder Raina. "Impact of electronic cigarette ever use on lung function in adults aged 45–85: a cross-sectional analysis from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging." BMJ Open 11, no. 10 (October 2021): e051519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051519.

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ObjectiveTo describe the sociodemographic characteristics associated with e-cigarette ever use and to examine the impact of e-cigarette ever use on lung function impairment in an ageing population.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.SettingA national stratified sample of 44 817 adults living in Canadian provinces.ParticipantsRespondents included participants aged 45–85 and residing in the community in Canadian provinces.Outcome measuresThe Global Lung Function Initiative normative values for forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory ratio (FEV1/FVC) appropriate for age, sex, height and ethnicity were used to interpret the severity of lung function impairment. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the impact of e-cigarette ever use on obstructive and restrictive lung function impairment.ResultsThe prevalence of e-cigarette ever use was 6.5% and varied by sociodemographic factors including higher prevalence among individuals younger than 65 years, those with lower education attainment and those with lower annual household income. E-cigarette ever use was associated with 2.10 (95% CI 1.57 to 2.08) times higher odds of obstructive lung function impairment after adjusting for conventional cigarette smoking and other covariates. Individuals with exposure to e-cigarette ever use and 15 or more pack-years had 7.43 (95% CI 5.30 to 10.38) times higher odds for obstructive lung function impairment when compared with non-smokers and non-e-cigarette users after adjusting for covariates. Smokers with 15 or more pack-years had higher odds of restrictive lung function impairment irrespective of e-cigarette ever use.ConclusionsEver use of e-cigarettes was found to be associated with obstructive lung function impairment after adjusting for covariates, suggesting that e-cigarette use may be adding to the respiratory and other chronic disease burden in the population.

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Chang, Chia-Heng, Szu-Chia Chen, Jiun-Hung Geng, Da-Wei Wu, Jiun-Chi Huang, and Pei-Yu Wu. "Determinants of Longitudinal Change of Lung Function in Different Gender in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study Categories: Original Investigation." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 10 (October 15, 2021): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11101033.

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Chronic lung disease is associated with tremendous social and economic burden worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific risk factors for changes in lung function in a large longitudinal study. We included 9059 participants from the Taiwan Biobank. None of the participants had a history of smoking, asthma, emphysema or bronchitis. Lung function was assessed using spirometry measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Change in the FEV1/FVC (ΔFEV1/FVC) was calculated as a follow-up FEV1/FVC minus baseline FEV1/FVC. Linear regression analysis was used to identify associations between variables and ΔFEV1/FVC in the male and female participants. After multivariable adjustments, the male participants (vs. females; p = 0.021) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. In addition, the male participants with low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.003), high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.006) and a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. For the female participants, low systolic blood pressure (p = 0.005), low diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.031), low AST (p < 0.001), high ALT (p < 0.001) and a low eGFR (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. In this large follow-up study, we found that the male participants had a faster decrease in the FEV1/FVC than the female participants. In addition, liver and renal functions were correlated with changes in lung function in both the male and female participants. Our findings provide useful information on sex-specific changes in lung function.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Smoking, lung function, longitudinal analysis"

Negassa, Abdissa. "A comparative study of methods of analysis of longitudinal data with application to lung function tests /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59840.

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The impact of different methods of analysis of longitudinal pulmonary data was assessed using computer simulation and a real data set. Thirty data sets were generated: ten without random error, ten with a 10% random error and the other ten with a 20% random error. In each data set, three methods of analysis of longitudinal pulmonary data, i.e., piecewise-linear regression, linear regression and the proportional change model, were employed. In the generated data sets the piecewise-linear regression showed a 26% and 20% increase in precision of estimation of effect of exposure over the linear regression and the proportional change approaches, respectively. But such a gain in precision could not be demonstrated when the models were applied to a real data set. The effect of random measurement error in measured FEV$ sb1$ was to increase the standard error of estimation of effect of exposure, hence reduced power.

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Gulser, Caliskan. "LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN SMOKING HABITS AND IMPACT OF CHANGES IN SMOKING AND BODY MASS ON LUNG FUNCTION." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1045179.

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The tobacco epidemic has been the driving force to establish the foundation of the battle against tobacco use and effective public policy measures using simple preventative and targeting strategies against nicotine dependence. However, smoking is still a widespread phenomenon at various forms in recent years and the assessment of smoking trends and behavioral changes will reflect the attributes of impacted age groups to identify smoking prone populations and lead to strategize preventative and recovery systems. We analyzed the long-term trends in smoking initiation and cessation in order to identify age- and gender specific changes in Australian population over a 70 year timeline, utilizing the data from two longitudinal studies on the general population from the Tasmanian Health Study (TAHS) and the Busselton Health Study (BHS). To determine the effect of both smoking status and weight change on lung function in the general population, we also performed an analysis on lung function outcomes modulated by smoking behavioral changes relative to weight gain over 20 years in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). We estimated trends in the rates of smoking initiation (number of incident smokers divided by total time at risk) between 1920 and 1989, by sex and age groups (11-15, 16-20, 21-35 years). The rates of smoking initiation during young adolescence (11-15 years) increased steeply between 1925 and 1980 in females. After being relatively stable, they slightly increased after the 70’s also among males. In the same period, the rates showed a completely different trend between males and females during late adolescence (16-20 years): initiation rates in males decreased steeply, whereas they steadily increased in females. Smoking initiation during late adolescence peaked in the ‘40s for males and decreased afterward, while in females initiation increased until the mid-‘70s. These results reflect the shift of smoking trend from boys to girls among teens, and they highlight a sharp increase in smoking initiation among Australian female adolescents during the ‘70s and ‘80s that is consistent with information available from Europe. Our findings also showed that quitters with high weight gain had faster lung function decline compared to quitters with moderate weight gain at older ages, but not at younger ages, highlighting the importance of early smoking cessation and weight control among quitters. Using a historical perspective, this longitudinal study documents early signs of the successful implementation of tobacco control measures in the Australian population. It underlines the importance of encourging positive awareness and implementing strategies for early smoking cessation, parallel to promoting prevention and stronger intervention strategies in youth. In addition, empowering and monitoring active and healthy living can improve the outcomes of smoking cessation on lung function trajectories and mitigate the future risk of diseases like asthma and COPD.

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Curry, BA. "Lung function and cardiovascular risk in young adults." Thesis, 2012. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/15905/1/front-curry-thesis-2012.pdf.

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Associations between poor lung function (LF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in population samples of older adults, including lifelong non-smokers. There are few studies of this association in young adults. Common modifiable risk factors for poor LF and CVD that might explain the association include smoking, low levels of physical activity, low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and obesity. Systemic inflammation indicated by markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), might also be explanatory. Aim The aims of this study were: 1) to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of modifiable CVD risk factors with adult LF and 2) to investigate cross-sectional associations of young adult LF with CRP and carotid artery structure and function as subclinical indicators of atherosclerosis. Methods Data for this study were obtained from sub-samples of 2,410 participants of the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey who had follow up health assessments between 2004-2006 when aged 26-36 years of age. Data from at least 1,700 participants were used to investigate cross-sectional associations of smoking, CRF, adiposity and CRP with adult LF (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Longitudinal data were also examined to determine the effects on adult LF of: childhood and parental smoking (in 278 daily and 1,515 never smokers respectively), poor childhood CRF and obesity (among approximately 600 participants with baseline data). Associations between adult lung function and ultrasound measures of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and arterial elasticity were also assessed. Results Adult smokers had higher mean lung volumes than non-smokers. Among daily smokers, cumulative cigarette exposure and childhood smoking had significant independent negative effects on adult LF. Higher CRF was positively associated with LF and was independent of adiposity among females. Adiposity was negatively associated with LF. Adult fitness and adiposity were much more strongly associated with adult LF than were childhood measures.Weak negative associations between CRP and adult LF were observed which were stronger in participants with greater than average adiposity. Lower FEV1 and FVC in female never-smokers and lower FEV1/FVC in ever-smoking males were associated with thicker cIMT, but the latter associations were confounded by cumulative smoke exposure. No independent associations between lung function and arterial elasticity were observed for males or females. Conclusion Overall, adiposity was more strongly associated with LF than either smoking, CRF or CRP. In these young adults, there was little evidence of an independent association between LF and subclinical atherosclerosis in males. However, a significant association between LF and cIMT was evident for female never smokers independent of other known CVD risk factors.

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Частини книг з теми "Smoking, lung function, longitudinal analysis"

Tashkin, Donald P. "Impact of Marijuana Smoking on Lung Health." In Contemporary Health Issues on Marijuana, 165–82. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190263072.003.0007.

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This chapter reviews the literature pertaining to the concern that regular smoking of marijuana contributes to the well-known respiratory consequences of regular tobacco smoking, including, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory cancer. Whereas regular marijuana smoking is associated with symptoms of acute and chronic bronchitis and evidence of microscopic injury to the cells lining the central airways, the majority of community- or population-based studies in regular smokers of marijuana have not found evidence of clinically significant impairment in lung function in comparison with nonsmokers that would be consistent with COPD. However, very few studies have been conducted in older marijuana smokers in the age range when COPD is generally diagnosed, and few longitudinal studies of change in lung function over time have been carried out in smokers of marijuana. Therefore, firm conclusions regarding the potential risks of marijuana for the development of COPD must await additional studies.

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Balakumar, Ayshwarya, and Senthil S. "Machine Learning Is the Future for Lung Cancer Prognosis and Prediction." In Applications of Deep Learning and Big IoT on Personalized Healthcare Services, 176–96. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2101-4.ch011.

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Lung cancer is one of the major reasons for the death if it is not diagnosed in the early stages of cancer. It is the one among the most dreadful disease which affects in the lungs function. It can be identified only after the disease spread into the deeper parts of the lungs and then only it will make a life threading problem. Lung cancer prognosis which was done based on the various parameters such as age, sex, condition of smoking, duration of smoking and count of smoking per day. The proceedings were done using the algorithm for the time to first cigarette after awakening which is represented as TTFC. The expert doctor says that the back-propagation network is a great deal in the recognition of the lung cancer without any involvement by them. This research is based on the classification of lung cancer and its stages using the establishment of the BPN and predicts the recurrence. Similarly, with this BPN, an algorithm that is inspired from its habitat known as ant lion optimization algorithm is also used in the optimization of weights and parameters of the BPN. The use of the ALO algorithm provides an improved convergence mechanism by improving the proposed technique's accuracy. The use of this proposed method with the BPN optimizes the network and the ALO optimizer provides an accurate prediction of the lung cancer by the earlier stage and even predicts the changes for reoccurrence after diagnosis. The prognosis analysis was made by the various comparative study between the characteristic features of HIV and the unaffected person using the algorithm such as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. This algorithm will continuously classify the viral load and CD4 count which is based on factors such as age, sex, and smoking activities. It will be useful for early diagnosis and future prediction. Lung cancer rates can be analyzed based on the incident rates of affected and unaffected persons to HIV infections.

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Szeinuk, Jaime, and Rafael E. de la Hoz. "Occupational Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." In Modern Occupational Diseases Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Management and Prevention, 104–27. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815049138122010010.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a clinical syndrome defined as non- or incompletely reversible airflow obstruction associated with persistent lower respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and excessive sputum production. The present definition probably includes more than one disease. Despite being largely preventable, COPD is often a disabling disease with accelerated longitudinal lung function loss and systemic comorbidities and is presently the third leading cause of death and one of the most important health care expenditures worldwide. While most cases are unquestionably related to tobacco smoking, it has long been suspected and is also now fairly well established that occupational and environmental exposures, as well as a variety of other factors, contribute to its causation. Most recent estimates place the fraction of COPD causation by occupational exposures at ~15% and ~30% overall and among nonsmokers, respectively. The disease occurs in workers exposed to vapors, gases, dust, and fumes at their longestheld job, and in several occupations that include miners, agricultural, cotton/textile, and construction workers, food, drink, and tobacco processors, and bus drivers, among others. There is evidence of an additive effect of occupational exposures and cigarette smoking. There is presently no evidence that treatments differ from those in widely accepted guidelines, except for the occupational interventions for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention discussed throughout this book. This is in large part due to treatment trials having required a fairly heavy smoking history and disregarded patients’ occupations. Improved appraisal of the etiological contribution of occupational exposures should lead to progress towards disease elimination.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Smoking, lung function, longitudinal analysis"

Tang, Wenbo, Bonnie R. Joubert, Maria S. Artigas, Josee Dupuis, Matthew Kowgier, Millennia Foy, Kristen D. Marciante, et al. "Meta-Analysis Of Genome-Wide Association Studies Of Longitudinal Decline In Lung Function." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3807.

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Tan, Daniel, Dinh Bui, Xin Dai, Caroline Lodge, Adrian Lowe, Paul Thomas, Michael Abramson, Haydn Walters, Jennifer Perret, and Shyamali Dharmage. "Inhaled corticosteroids in asthma and longitudinal change in lung function: a systematic review and meta-analysis." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2560.

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Allen, RJ, JM Oldham, DA Jenkins, OC Leavy, B. Guillen-Guio, CA Melbourne, SF Ma, et al. "S109 Genome-wide analysis of longitudinal lung function and gas transfer in individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis." In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2022, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 23 to 25 November 2022, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2022-btsabstracts.115.

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Boros, Piotr, Magdalena Martusewicz-Boros, and Stefan Wesolowski. "Gender and smoking – does it matter for lung function in sarcoidosis? An analysis of large cohort (n=1260) Caucasian patients." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa3000.

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Qian, Meng, Qinyi Cheng, Mengling Liu, Yongzhao Shao, Kenneth I. Berger, Sam Parsia, Meredith Turetz, Angeliki Kazeros, Roberta M. Goldring, and Joan Reibman. "Longitudinal Analysis Of Lung Function In Diverse Populations With World Trade Center Dust/Fume Exposure After 9/11." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a4789.

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Cheng, Qinyi, Meng Qian, Yongzhao Shao, Mengling Liu, Kenneth I. Berger, Sam Parsia, Meredith Turetz, Angeliki Kazeros, Roberta M. Goldring, and Joan Reibman. "Longitudinal Analysis Of Lung Function And Spirometry Patterns In A Diverse Population With World Trade Center Dust/Fume Exposure After 9/11." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a4790.

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Debowski, T., AM Fal, and J. Malolepszy. "Do Inhaled Corticosteroids Influence Lung Function Decline in Patients with Stable COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Four Major Longitudinal Studies." In American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a4565.

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Scharm, Sarah, Sabine Dettmer, Jens Vogel-Claussen, Antje Prasse, Lars Knudsen, Frank Wacker, Jan Fuge, and Hoen-Oh Shin. "Combined assessment of regional lung function and morphology using a contrast enhanced Dual-Energy CT protocol: Prospective value of functional imaging biomarkers in longitudinal analysis of patients with Interstitial Lung Disease." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.4575.

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Jensen, Megan, Annelies Robijn, Peter Gibson, Christopher Oldmeadow, and Vanessa Murphy. "The impact of gestation, and its interaction with asthma, on spirometry indices: a longitudinal analysis of lung function in pregnant women with and without asthma." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2711.

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Carney, C., and M. Benzeval. "P9 Does childhood socio-economic disadvantage moderate health behaviours and occupational and environmental hazards association’s with adult lung function; a cross sectional analysis using the UK household longitudinal study." In Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.135.

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