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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Sminthopsis crassicaudata"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Sminthopsis crassicaudata"

Haynes, JI, and GW Skidmore. "Hematology of the Dasyurid Marsupials Sminthopsis-Crassicaudata and Sminthopsis-Macroura." Australian Journal of Zoology 39, no. 2 (1991): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910157.

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Various haematological parameters and morphological aspects were determined for blood collected from 52 fat-tailed dunnarts, Sminthopsis crassicaudata. Compared with those of other marsupials, the erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were low, whereas the percentage of reticulocytes (8%) was high. Differential counts revealed a sexual dimorphism for the percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes present. Blood cell counts, including reticulocyte and differential counts, were also performed on blood from 11 animals of a closely related species, Sminthopsis macroura. For both species mature and developing blood cells from circulating blood, bone marrow, and intestinal mucosa were examined with the light and transmission electron microscope. The unusual features of peripheral blood were: the band forms of neutrophils with annular nuclei; a high percentage of hypersegmented neutrophils; the persistence of polyribosomes in many circulating red blood cells which otherwise appeared mature; the lack of basophils; the absence of eosinophils in S. crassicaudata and the rarity of these leukocytes in S. macroura. The ultrastructure of the developing and circulating blood cells was similar to that previously described for humans, except for the later stages of nuclear maturation in some neutrophils. In these cells annular nuclei developed into rings of beads that then broke to give the typical lobulated nuclei of mature neutrophils. All three types of granulocytes were found in the bone marrow. The leukocytic granules appeared slightly different from their human counterparts.

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Cooper, S. J. B., M. Adams, and A. Labrinidis. "Phylogeography of the Australian dunnart Sminthopsis crassicaudata (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 48, no. 5 (2000): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00014.

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Analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and allozymes are used to investigate the population genetic structure, phylogeography and systematics of the fat-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis crassicaudata. Phylogenetic analyses of control region sequences reveal the presence of two major mtDNA haplotype clades. A survey of the distribution of the two clades using diagnostic restriction endonucleases shows that one clade is restricted to southeast Australia whereas the second clade occupies the remaining central to western range of S. crassicaudata. Allozyme electrophoresis also shows concordant patterns of population structure, with significant differences in allele frequency at three loci between populations in the southeast and northwest. Together, the mtDNA and allozyme data provide evidence that S. crassicaudata consists of two Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs). The distribution of each ESU is not concordant with the distribution of the subspecies of S. crassicaudata, and we propose that the current subspecies classification neither reflects the major genetic subdivisions present within S. crassicaudata nor would be appropriate for any future conservation management. The level of divergence between mtDNA clades (3.4%) is indicative of cladogenesis in the Pleistocene and reflects a long-term barrier to maternal gene flow between these two populations. One potential historical barrier was Lake Bungunnia, which persisted in the Murray basin over much of the Pleistocene.

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Read, DG. "Weather and Trap Response of the Dasyurid Marsupials Sminthopsis-Crassicaudata, Planigale-Gilesi and Planigale-Tenuirostris." Wildlife Research 15, no. 2 (1988): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880139.

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Daily captures of Sminthopsis crassicaudata, Planigale gilesi and P. tenuirostris have been analysed with respect to weather variables in an arid environment. Numbers of S. crassicaudata caught in traps were not affected by changes in air pressure but more (P=0.01) P. gilesi and P. tenuirostris were trapped when the air pressure was increasing from a level below the monthly mean. Light rain increased the numbers of all species trapped (P=0.05) but moonlight had no effect. A canonical correlation analysis separated Sminthopsis from Planigale on the basis of responses to temperature and relative humidity variables. It is not clear if the trap responses of the dasyurids are directly related to the weather or other contemporary factors, particularly food availability. Results indicate that weather has a strong influence on the trap success of small mammal studies in arid Australia.

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STRACHAN, JESSICA, LING-YU E. CHANG, MATTHEW J. WAKEFIELD, JENNIFER A. MARSHALL GRAVES, and SAMIR S. DEEB. "Cone visual pigments of the Australian marsupials, the stripe-faced and fat-tailed dunnarts: Sequence and inferred spectral properties." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 3 (May 2004): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804213281.

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Studies of color vision in marsupial mammals have been very limited. Two photoreceptor genes have been characterized from the tammar wallaby, but a third cone pigment was suggested by microspectrophotometric measurements on cone photoreceptors in two other species, including the fat-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis crassicaudata. To determine the sequence and infer absorption maxima of the cone photoreceptor pigments of S. crassicaudata and the related stripe-faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura), we have used evolutionarily conserved sequences of the cone pigments of other species, including the tammar wallaby, to design primers to amplify the S. macroura and S. crassicaudata pigment sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA or retinal cDNA as a template. These primers will be useful for amplifying cone opsin coding sequences from a variety of vertebrates. Amplified products were directly sequenced to determine gene structure and coding sequences. The inferred amino acid sequences of the cone visual pigments indicated that both species have middle-wave-sensitive (MWS) pigments with a predicted absorption maximum (λmax) at 530 nm, and ultraviolet-sensitive (UVS) pigments with a predicted λmax at 360 nm. The MWS pigments of the two species differ by two, and UVS by three amino acid positions. No evidence was obtained for a third cone pigment in either species.

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Bishop, N., M. Bulbert, S. Carr, S. Kroker, and J. Millikan. "Sonographic Analysis of Vocalisations in Captive Dunnarts, Sminthopsis crassicaudata." Australian Mammalogy 18, no. 1 (1995): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am95099.

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Nagy, KA, AK Lee, RW Martin, and MR Fleming. "Field Metabolic-Rate and Food Requirement of a Small Dasyurid Marsupial, Sminthopsis-Crassicaudata." Australian Journal of Zoology 36, no. 3 (1988): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880293.

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Field metabolic rates (FMRs) and rates of water flux in free-ranging fat-tailed dunnarts, Sminthopsis crassicaudata, were measured during spring (late October) using doubly labelled water. Feeding rates were estimated on the basis of water and energy fluxes. FMRs averaged 68.7 kJ d-' in adults (mean body mass= 16.6 g), and were 29.2 kJ d-' in juveniles (6.1 g). These FMRs are 6.6 times basal metabolic rate (BMR), and are much higher than the hypothetical maxima of four to five times BMR. Other dasyurid marsupials also have high FMR/BMR ratios, but so does a small petaurid marsupial. S. crassicaudata consumed 80-90% of its body mass in arthropods each day. The diet of arthropods apparently provided enough water for the animals to maintain water balance without drinking during this study.

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Brooker, BM, JE Oshea, and T. Stewart. "Renal Vasculature of 2 Dasyurid Marsupials, Sminthopsis-Dolichura and S-Crassicaudata." Australian Journal of Zoology 43, no. 3 (1995): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9950259.

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The renal vasculature of two dasyurid marsupials, Sminthopsis dolichura and S. crassicaudata, was examined using scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts of the kidney. Each species had a pair of unipapillary kidneys and the structural organisation of the major renal arterial vessels was similar to that of other placental mammals. The glomerulus of both species consisted of a network of dividing and anastomosing capillary loops. The glomeruli varied markedly in size, shape and complexity. Some afferent arterioles extended back towards the renal medulla, positioning the glomeruli closer to the cortico-medullary border. This placement of glomeruli may extend the loop of the nephron further into the medulla and thereby enhance counter-current water reabsorption and the final urine concentration. In both S. crassicaudata and S. dolichura, a dense mesh of numerous fine capillaries lined the wall of the renal pelvis adjacent to the inner medulla, with a unique configuration in that they were aligned perpendicular to the vasa recta. The function of these fine capillaries is unknown.

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Read, DG. "Habitat Use by Sminthopsis-Crassicaudata, Planigale-Gilesi and Planigale-Tenuirostris (Marsupialia, Dasyuridae) in Semiarid New-South-Wales." Wildlife Research 14, no. 4 (1987): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9870385.

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Habitat use by Sminthopsis crassicaudata, Planigale gilesi and P. tenuirostris was investigated in the arid zone of New South Wales. All species showed considerable flexibility in habitat use at all times, and abundance was poorly predicted from easily measured parameters of the habitat. However, evidence was found for separation of microhabitat among these sympatric species. Multiple regression analysis indicated that abundance of S. crassicaudata was negatively associated with height of vegetation and the depth and density of soil cracks, and that of P. gilesi was positively associated with these habitat variables. Plant height was positively associated with abundance of P. tenuirostris and it was the only important predictor for this species. These results are discussed in conjunction with trapping records from other habitats.

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Rodger, JC, WG Breed, and JH Bennett. "Gonadotrophin-induced oestrus and ovulation in the polyovulatory marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 4, no. 2 (1992): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9920145.

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Sminthopsis crassicaudata is a small (approximately 16 g) polyovulatory dasyurid marsupial which has the potential to become an important model species. This study examined the use of exogenous hormone treatment to manipulate the breeding of S. crassicaudata and as a means to obtain timed developmental stages for further study. Two thirds (21/32) of the females treated with 1.0 or 5.0 I.U. of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) had ovulated when the contents of their reproductive tracts were examined 5 or 6 days later. Only one of eight females treated with 0.2 I.U. PMSG had ovulated in the same period. Although a similar proportion of animals treated with 1.0 I.U. and 5.0 I.U. ovulated, the ovulation rate was significantly lower when the higher dose was administered (mean of 10.5 ovulations per female v. 3.8 ovulations per female). In addition, the ovaries of 6/8 of the animals treated with 5.0 I.U. PMSG had luteinized follicles with degenerating oocytes, evidence of over-stimulation. Follicular luteinization also occurred in 4/8 animals treated with 1 I.U. PMSG. Oocyte maturation and ovulation occurred following PMSG stimulation without injection of synthetic gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH). Treatment with a 10-micrograms dose of GnRH following PMSG seemed to have no effect on the outcome. Of the females that had ovulated by Day 6, three quarters had mated and some had fertilized eggs and two-cell embryos in the oviducts and uteri. In a further series of experiments the subsequent development of embryos conceived after PMSG treatment was assessed. Two thirds of treated females mated within 7 days of treatment and 60% of these matings yielded embryos when examined 11 days after PMSG. However, full-term development was only achieved in one animal. Gonadotrophin treatment of S. crassicaudata thus may have application as a means to obtain mature or maturing oocytes, cleavage stage embryos and blastocysts, but at this stage it appears not to offer promise as a method to achieve full-term development.

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Hope, P. J., D. Pyle, C. B. Daniels, I. Chapman, M. Horowitz, J. E. Morley, P. Trayhurn, J. Kumaratilake, and G. Wittert. "Identification of brown fat and mechanisms for energy balance in the marsupial, Sminthopsis crassicaudata." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 273, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): R161—R167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.1.r161.

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The presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in marsupials is controversial because attempts to identify mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) have been unsuccessful. Sminthopsis crassicaudata is a small nocturnal marsupial with an interscapular pad of adipose tissue. Electron microscopy revealed this tissue to have characteristics typical of BAT. GDP binding and UCP detection by immunoblot confirmed BAT. Expression of UCP was increased by cold exposure. When animals were placed from 28 to 15 degrees C, body temperature (Tb) decreased by 1.7 degrees C within 30 min and a further 1.0 degree C by 90 min (P < 0.001) before stabilizing at these lower levels. When animals were returned to 28 degrees C, Tb increased within 30 min (P < 0.001) and returned to basal by 120 min. When animals were maintained at 15 degrees C with ad libitum food for 12 days, Tb (P < 0.05), tail width (P < 0.04), and O2 consumption (P < 0.01) all decreased. The respiratory quotient increased (P < 0.001), indicating a change from fat to carbohydrate utilization. Food intake was unchanged, and body weight increased on day 1 (P < 0.01) before returning to baseline on day 3, remaining stable thereafter. These data suggest that although BAT is present in the marsupial S. crassicaudata, it may not be necessary for thermogenesis, at least in the short term. S. crassicaudata utilizes a plasticity in Tb and a change in substrate utilization to maintain energy balance and body composition without the need for an increase in metabolic rate or food consumption and without the need for torpor.

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Дисертації з теми "Sminthopsis crassicaudata"

Hope, Perdita Jane. "Regulation of food intake, body fat stores and energy balance in the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata." Title page, contents and summary only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh7908.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 363-421. This thesis presents studies relating to the regulation of appetite, body fat stores and energy balance in the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata. All of the studies presented have been published in international journals, accepted for publication, or submitted for publication. These studies have provided novel data on the regulation of food intake, body fat stores and energy balance in the marsupail Sminthopsis crassicaudata, representing fundamental advances in marsupial biology.

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Hayter, Dawn. "Reproductive and social behaviour of the dunnart, sminthopsis crassicaudata /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbh426.pdf.

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Roberts, Claire. "Implantation and placentation in the dasyurid marsupial, Sminthopsis crassicaudata /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr6433.pdf.

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Clements, Fiona. "Factors affecting diet-induced thermogenesis in the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata /." Title page and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbc626.pdf.

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Cooper, Steven J. B. "A molecular and evolutionary study of the [beta]-globin gene family of Sminthopsis crassicaudata /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc7782.pdf.

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Hocking, Michael. "Social interactions and reproductive behaviour of the fat-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis crassicaudata, in captivity /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spsh685.pdf.

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Chian, Clarice. "Effect of dietary fat on food intake and energy balance in the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata /." Title page and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbc5325.pdf.

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Holthouse, Zoe. "Free fatty acids and energy balance in Sminthopsis crassicaudata : interaction with leptin and uncoupling protein 2 /." Title page and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbh7582.pdf.

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Langman, Carly. "Thermal influences upon the composition and function of pulmonary surfactant in a heterothermic mammal [sic] (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) /." Adelaide, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09S.B/09s.bl284.pdf.

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Cui, Shuliang. "Molecular cloning, characterisation and expression of the leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene from the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc9662.pdf.

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