Статті в журналах: "SMIM10"

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Kulinska, Karolina Iwona, Mirosław Andrusiewicz, Anna Dera-Szymanowska, Maria Billert, Marek Skrzypski, Krzysztof Szymanowski, Ewa Nowak-Markwitz, Małgorzata Kotwicka, and Maria Wołuń-Cholewa. "Phoenixin as a New Target in the Development of Strategies for Endometriosis Diagnosis and Treatment." Biomedicines 9, no. 10 (October 9, 2021): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101427.

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Small integral membrane protein 20/phoenixin (SMIM20/PNX) and its receptor GPR173 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 173) play a role in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG). The aim of the study was to determine PNX, FSH, LH, and 17β-estradiol association in women with endometriosis, and the expression of SMIM20/PNX signaling via GPR173. Serum PNX, FSH, LH, and 17β-estradiol concentrations were measured by enzyme and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. SMIM20/PNX and GPR173 expression in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium was assessed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Reduced PNX level, increased LH/FSH ratio and elevated 17β-estradiol concentration were found in patients with endometriosis. No differences in SMIM20 expression were observed between the studied endometria. GPR173 expression was lower in ectopic than in eutopic endometria. SMIM20 expression was mainly restricted to stroma. GPR173 was detected in some eutopic and ectopic stromal cells and in eutopic glandular epithelial cells. Discriminant analysis indicates the diagnostic relevance of PNX and LH/FSH ratio in patients with endometriosis. In women with endometriosis, reduced PNX levels and GPR173 expression may be responsible for HPG axis dysregulation. These new insights may contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of endometriosis and provide the basis for a new strategy for diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.

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Nett, Jeniel E., Hiram Sanchez, Michael T. Cain, Kelly M. Ross, and David R. Andes. "Interface of Candida albicans Biofilm Matrix-Associated Drug Resistance and Cell Wall Integrity Regulation." Eukaryotic Cell 10, no. 12 (June 10, 2011): 1660–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.05126-11.

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ABSTRACTCandida albicansfrequently infects medical devices by growing as a biofilm, i.e., a community of adherent organisms entrenched in an extracellular matrix. During biofilm growth,Candidaspp. acquire the ability to resist high concentrations of antifungal drugs. One recently recognized biofilm resistance mechanism involves drug sequestration by matrix β-1,3 glucan. Using a candidate gene approach, we investigated potentialC. albicansβ-1,3-glucan regulators, based on their homology toSaccharomyces cerevisiae, includingSMI1and protein kinase C (PKC) pathway components. We identified a role for theSMI1in biofilm matrix glucan production and development of the associated drug resistance phenotype. This pathway appears to act through transcription factor Rlmp and glucan synthase Fks1p. The phenotypes of these mutant biofilms mimicked those of thesmi1Δ/smi1Δ biofilm, and overexpression ofFKS1in thesmi1Δ/smi1Δ mutant restored the biofilm resistant phenotype. However, control of this pathway is distinct from that of the upstream PKC pathway because thepkc1Δ/pkc1Δ,bck1Δ/bck1Δ,mkk2Δ/mkk2Δ, andmkc1Δ/mkc1Δ biofilms retained the resistant phenotype of the parent strain. In addition, resistance to cell-perturbing agents and gene expression data do not support a significant role for the cell wall integrity pathway during the biofilm formation. Here we show that Smi1p functions in conjunction with Rlm1p and Fks1p to produce drug-sequestering biofilm β-glucan. Our work provides new insight into how theC. albicansbiofilm matrix production and drug resistance pathways intersect with the planktonic cell wall integrity pathway. This novel connection helps explain how pathogens in a multicellular biofilm community are protected from anti-infective therapy.

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Brilhante, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira, Xhaulla Maria Quariguasi Cunha Fonseca, Vandbergue Santos Pereira, Géssica dos Santos Araújo, Jonathas Sales de Oliveira, Lana Glerieide Silva Garcia, Anderson Messias Rodrigues, et al. "In vitro inhibitory effect of statins on planktonic cells and biofilms of the Sporothrix schenckii species complex." Journal of Medical Microbiology 69, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 838–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001195.

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Introduction. Sporotrichosis, caused by species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex, is the most prevalent subcutaneous mycosis in many areas of Latin America. Statins are a class of drugs widely used for lowering high sterol levels through their action on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in the synthesis of sterol. Aim. In this study, the antifungal activity of statins (simvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin) against planktonic cells and biofilms of S. schenckii complex species was evaluated, as well as the interaction of pravastatin with classical antifungals (amphotericin B, itraconazole, terbinafine). Methodology. Eighteen strains of Sporothrix species were used. The antifungal susceptibility assay was performed using the broth microdilution method. Mature biofilms were exposed to statins and metabolic activity was measured by the XTT reduction assay. Results. MICs of statins ranged from 8 to 512 μg ml−1 and from 8 to 256 μg ml−1 for filamentous and yeast forms, respectively. Regarding mature biofilms, MICs of 50 % inhibition (SMIC50) were 128 μg ml−1 for simvastatin and atorvastatin and >2048 μg ml−1 for pravastatin. MICs of 90 % inhibition (SMIC90) were 512 μg ml−1 for simvastatin and >2048 μg ml−1 for atorvastatin and pravastatin. Conclusion. These results highlight the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of statins against S. schenckii complex species.

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Yu, Ying, Zhejiong Wang, Linchao Zhu, Yushiang Lin, Haochun Chang, and Huaxi Xu. "The Polymorphism of SMIM1 Gene in Chinese Dividuals." Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 35, no. 1 (June 21, 2018): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12288-018-0963-8.

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Ballif, Bryan A., Virginie Helias, Thierry Peyrard, Cécile Menanteau, Carole Saison, Nicole Lucien, Sébastien Bourgouin, Maude Le Gall, Jean‐Pierre Cartron, and Lionel Arnaud. "Disruption of SMIM1 causes the Vel− blood type." EMBO Molecular Medicine 5, no. 5 (April 15, 2013): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/emmm.201302466.

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Rajeswari, Jithine Jayakumar, Ayelén Melisa Blanco, and Suraj Unniappan. "Phoenixin-20 suppresses food intake, modulates glucoregulatory enzymes, and enhances glycolysis in zebrafish." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 318, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): R917—R928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00019.2020.

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Phoenixin is a 20-amino acid peptide (PNX-20) cleaved from the small integral membrane protein 20 (SMIM20), with multiple biological roles in mammals. However, its role in nonmammalian vertebrates is poorly understood. This research aimed to determine whether PNX-20 influences feeding and metabolism in zebrafish. The mRNAs encoding SMIM20 and its putative receptor, super conserved receptor expressed in brain 3 (SREB3), are present in both central and peripheral tissues of zebrafish. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of PNX-like immunoreactivity in the gut and in zebrafish liver (ZFL) cell line. We also found that short-term fasting (7 days) significantly decreased smim20 mRNA expression in the brain, gut, liver, gonads, and muscle, which suggests a role for PNX-20 in food intake regulation. Indeed, single intraperitoneal injection of 1,000 ng/g body wt PNX-20 reduced feeding in both male and female zebrafish, likely in part by enhancing hypothalamic cart and reducing hypothalamic/gut preproghrelin mRNAs. Furthermore, the present results demonstrated that PNX-20 modulates the expression of genes involved in glucose transport and metabolism in ZFL cells. In general terms, such PNX-induced modulation of gene expression was characterized by the upregulation of glycolytic genes and the downregulation of gluconeogenic genes. A kinetic study of the ATP production rate from both glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways demonstrated that PNX-20-treated ZFL cells exhibited significantly higher ATP production rate associated with glycolysis than control cells. This confirms a positive role for PNX-20 on glycolysis. Together, these results indicate that PNX-20 is an anorexigen with important metabolic roles in zebrafish.

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Davis, D. R., J. P. Brion, A. M. Couck, J. M. Gallo, D. P. Hanger, K. Ladhani, C. Lewis та ін. "The phosphorylation state of the microtubule-associated protein tau as affected by glutamate, colchicine and β-amyloid in primary rat cortical neuronal cultures". Biochemical Journal 309, № 3 (1 серпня 1995): 941–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3090941.

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The effects of the excitatory amino acid glutamate, the microtubule destabilizing agent colchicine, and beta 25-35-amyloid peptide on the phosphorylation state of tau were studied in rat cortical neurons in primary culture. Using immunocytochemistry and Western-blot analysis, we demonstrated that a proportion of tau in these cultures is normally highly phosphorylated, but most of this tau fraction is dephosphorylated after treatment of the cultures with glutamate or colchicine, but not with beta-amyloid; the glutamate- and colchicine-induced changes in tau phosphorylation commenced before cell death, as assessed by release of lactate dehydrogenase. Dephosphorylation of tau was readily revealed by using the monoclonal antibodies Tau.1 and AT8, which have phosphate-sensitive epitopes that both centre around serine-199 and -202 (numbering of the largest tau isoform). On Western blots and by immunocytochemistry, AT8 labelling strongly decreased after glutamate and colchicine treatments, whereas Tau.1 staining was more intense. Neurofilament monoclonal antibodies, including RT97, 8D8, SMI31 and SMI310, all additionally known to recognize tau in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, also demonstrated that glutamate and colchicine treatments of the cultures induced a dephosphorylation of tau. We also showed immunocytochemically that there is an increase in tau immunoreactivity in neuronal perikarya in response to glutamate and colchicine treatment, and this occurs concomitantly with the dephosphorylation of tau. Treatment of the primary rat cortical neuronal cultures with beta 25-35-amyloid peptide, under conditions which induce neuronal degeneration, did not induce a change in tau phosphorylation, and failed to act synergistically with glutamate to produce an increase in dephosphorylation of tau over that produced by glutamate treatment alone. These findings demonstrate that glutamate and colchicine induce tau dephosphorylation, as opposed to increased tau phosphorylation, which would be more indicative of Alzheimer-type neurodegeneration.

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Unfried, Juan Pablo, and Puri Fortes. "SMIM30, a tiny protein with a big role in liver cancer." Journal of Hepatology 73, no. 5 (November 2020): 1010–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.015.

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Barrese, Vincenzo, Jennifer B. Stott, Samuel N. Baldwin, Gema Mondejar-Parreño, and Iain A. Greenwood. "SMIT (Sodium-Myo-Inositol Transporter) 1 Regulates Arterial Contractility Through the Modulation of Vascular Kv7 Channels." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 40, no. 10 (October 2020): 2468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.120.315096.

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Objective: The SMIT1 (sodium:myo-inositol transporter 1) regulates myo-inositol movement into cells and responses to hypertonic stimuli. Alteration of myo-inositol levels has been associated with several diseases, including hypertension, but there is no evidence of a functional role of SMIT1 in the vasculature. Recent evidence showed that in the nervous system SMIT1 interacted and modulated the function of members of the Kv7 family of voltage-gated potassium channels, which are also expressed in the vasculature where they regulate arterial contractility. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated whether SMIT1 was functionally relevant in arterial smooth muscle. Approach and Results: Immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction experiments revealed that SMIT1 was expressed in rat renal and mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells. Isometric tension recordings showed that incubation of renal arteries with raffinose and myo-inositol (which increases SMIT1 expression) reduced the contractile responses to methoxamine, an effect that was abolished by preincubation with the pan-Kv7 blocker linopirdine and by molecular knockdown of Kv7.4 and Kv7.5. Knockdown of SMIT1 increased the contraction of renal arteries induced by methoxamine, impaired the response to the Kv7.2–Kv7.5 activator ML213 but did not interfere with the relaxant responses induced by openers of other potassium channels. Proximity ligation assay showed that SMIT1 interacted with heteromeric channels formed by Kv7.4 and Kv7.5 proteins in both renal and mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells. Patch-clamp experiments showed that incubation with raffinose plus myo-inositol increased Kv7 currents in vascular smooth muscle cells. Conclusions: SMIT1 protein is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells where it modulates arterial contractility through an association with Kv7.4/Kv7.5 heteromers.

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Aniweh, Yaw, Prince B. Nyarko, Evelyn Quansah, Laty Gaye Thiam, and Gordon A. Awandare. "SMIM1 at a glance; discovery, genetic basis, recent progress and perspectives." Parasite Epidemiology and Control 5 (May 2019): e00101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00101.

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Coghlan, Gail, and Teresa Zelinski. "The c.64_80del SMIM1 allele is segregating in the Hutterite population." Transfusion 56, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 946–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.13439.

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Pałasz, Artur, Piotr Żarczyński, Katarzyna Bogus, Kinga Mordecka-Chamera, Alessandra Della Vecchia, Jakub Skałbania, John J. Worthington, Marek Krzystanek, and Małgorzata Żarczyńska. "Modulatory effect of olanzapine on SMIM20/phoenixin, NPQ/spexin and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 gene expressions in the rat brainstem." Pharmacological Reports 73, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 1188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43440-021-00267-7.

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Abstract Background Phoenixin, spexin and nesfatin-1 belong to a family of newly discovered multifunctional neuropeptides that play regulatory roles in several brain structures and modulate the activity of important neural networks. However, little is known about their expression and action at the level of brainstem. The present work was, therefore, focused on gene expression of the aforementioned peptides in the brainstem of rats chronically treated with olanzapine, a second generation antipsychotic drug. Methods Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague–Dawley rats that were divided into 2 groups: control and experimental animals treated with olanzapine (28-day-long intraperitoneal injection, at dose 5 mg/kg daily). All individuals were killed under anesthesia and the brainstem excised. Total mRNA was isolated from homogenized samples of both structures and the RT-PCR method was used for estimation of related SMIM20/phoenixin, NPQ/spexin and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 gene expression. Results Long-term treatment with olanzapine is reflected in qualitatively different changes in expression of examined neuropeptides mRNA in the rat brainstem. Olanzapine significantly decreased NPQ/spexin mRNA expression, but increased SMIM20/phoenixin mRNA level in the rat brainstem; while NUCB2/nesfatin-1 mRNA expression remained unchanged. Conclusions Olanzapine can affect novel peptidergic signaling in the rat brainstem. This may cautiously suggest the presence of an alternative mode of its action.

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Cvejic, Ana, Lonneke Haer-Wigman, Jonathan C. Stephens, Myrto Kostadima, Peter A. Smethurst, Mattia Frontini, Emile van den Akker, et al. "SMIM1 underlies the Vel blood group and influences red blood cell traits." Nature Genetics 45, no. 5 (April 7, 2013): 542–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.2603.

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Liu, Qiang, She-Jiao Dai, Lei Dong, and Hong Li. "Long noncoding RNA RP11-909N17.2 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating microRNA-767-3p." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 98, no. 6 (December 2020): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2019-0362.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, especially in developing countries. Although advances in surgical procedures and targeted medicine have improved the overall survival of patients with HCC, the prognosis is poor. Hence, there is a need to identify novel therapeutic targets for HCC. Here, we report that the expression of RP11-909N17.2, a novel, long, noncoding RNA (lncRNA), is dysregulated in patients with HCC and cell lines. Additionally, this study demonstrated that RP11-909N17.2 facilitates the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells by binding to miRNA-767-3p, a tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA). Small integral membrane protein 7 (SMIM7) was identified as the downstream target of miRNA-767-3p. The expression of SMIM7 was upregulated in HCC clinical samples and cell lines. Moreover, SMIM7 was involved in the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. Furthermore, SMIM7 inhibited the apoptosis of HCC cells, which indicated the oncogenic role of SMIM7 in HCC. The findings of this study suggest that the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory axis, which regulates the pathogenesis of HCC, can be a potential novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for HCC.

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Dezan, Marcia R., Carla L. Dinardo, Vanderson Rocha, Alfredo Mendrone‐Junior, and Jose E. Levi. "Prevalence of SMIM1 c.64_80del17 homozygotes in southeastern Brazil: the Vel‐negative phenotype." Transfusion 59, no. 1 (January 2019): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.15059.

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Pang, Yanan, Zhiyong Liu, Huan Han, Beilei Wang, Wei Li, Chuanbin Mao, and Shanrong Liu. "Peptide SMIM30 promotes HCC development by inducing SRC/YES1 membrane anchoring and MAPK pathway activation." Journal of Hepatology 73, no. 5 (November 2020): 1155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.05.028.

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Storry, Jill R., Magnus Jöud, Mikael Kronborg Christophersen, Britt Thuresson, Bo Åkerström, Birgitta Nilsson Sojka, Björn Nilsson, and Martin L. Olsson. "Homozygosity for a null allele of SMIM1 defines the Vel-negative blood group phenotype." Nature Genetics 45, no. 5 (April 7, 2013): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.2600.

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Bissonnette, Pierre, Karim Lahjouji, Michael J. Coady, and Jean-Yves Lapointe. "Effects of hyperosmolarity on the Na+-myo-inositol cotransporter SMIT2 stably transfected in the Madin-Darby canine kidney cell line." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 295, no. 3 (September 2008): C791—C799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00390.2007.

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Myo-inositol (MI) is a compatible osmolyte used by cells to compensate for changes in the osmolarity of their surrounding milieu. In kidney, the basolateral Na+-MI cotransporter (SMIT1) and apical SMIT2 proteins are homologous cotransporters responsible for cellular uptake of MI. It has been shown in the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line that SMIT1 expression was under the control of the tonicity-sensitive transcription factor, tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP). We used an MDCK cell line stably transfected with SMIT2 to determine whether variations in external osmolarity could also affect SMIT2 function. Hyperosmotic conditions (+200 mosM raffinose or NaCl but not urea) generated an increase in SMIT2-specific MI uptake by three- to ninefold in a process that required protein synthesis. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we have determined that hyperosmotic conditions augment both the endogenous SMIT1 and the transfected SMIT2 mRNAs. Transport activities for both SMIT1 and SMIT2 exhibited differences in their respective induction profiles for both their sensitivities to raffinose, as well as in their time course of induction. Application of MG-132, which inhibits nuclear translocation of TonEBP, showed that the effect of osmolarity on transfected SMIT2 was unrelated to TonEBP, unlike the effect observed with SMIT1. Inhibition studies involving the hyperosmolarity-related MAPK suggested that p38 and JNK play a role in the induction of SMIT2. Further studies have shown that hyperosmolarity also upregulates another transfected transporter (Na+-glucose), as well as several endogenously expressed transport systems. This study shows that hyperosmolarity can stimulate transport in a TonEBP-independent manner by increasing the amount of mRNA derived from an exogenous DNA segment.

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Granholm, Ann-Charlotte E., Maria Curtis, David M. Diamond, Berrilyn J. Branch, Karen L. Heman, and Gregory M. Rose. "Development of an Intact Blood-Brain Barrier in Brain Tissue Transplants is Dependent on the Site of Transplantation." Cell Transplantation 5, no. 2 (March 1996): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979600500219.

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Transplantation of fetal septal forebrain tissue was performed to the anterior chamber of the eye, or intracranially to the rostral hippocampal formation in rats, to evaluate the impact of transplantation site on the development of an intact blood–brain barrier (BBB). The tissue was studied at 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk following transplantation by means of intravenous injection of Trypan blue, which is a vital stain not normally penetrating the BBB, as well as with an antibody specifically directed against the rat BBB, SMI71. In the intraocular septal transplants, there was a significant leakage of Trypan blue 1 wk postgrafting, associated with a few laminin-immunoreactive blood vessels that did not contain any SMI71-immunoreactivity. However, at 2 wk postgrafting, the intraocular grats exhibited an extensive plexus of thin-walled blood vessels expressing SMI71 immunoreactivity and no Trypan blue leakage. Thus, it appeared that a BBB had developed to some degree by 2 wk postgrafting in oculo. In the intracranial grafts, on the other hand, Trypan blue leakage could be seen as long as 3 wk postgrafting, and a dense plexus of blood vessels with SMI71 immunoreactivity was first seen at 4 wk postgrafting. Thus, the development of Trypan blue impermeability was delayed with 1 to 2 wk in the intracranial versus the intraocular grafts. Control experiments using psychological stress in adult rats as a means to transiently disrupt the BBB revealed that an increase in Trypan blue leakage correlated well with the disappearance of SMI71 immunoreactivity. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that the site of transplantation can influence the development of an intact BBB in neural tissue grafts.

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Wang, Nan, Xiyu Liu, Xiaoyang Fang, Shuang Chen, Zhipeng Xi, Xiaoyu Zhang, Congyang Xue, Xin Liu, and Lin Xie. "Identification of SMIM1 and SEZ6L2 as Potential Biomarkers for Genes Associated with Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Pyroptosis." Disease Markers 2022 (May 7, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9515571.

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Background. Inflammatory reactions and pyroptosis play an important role in the pathology of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The aim of the present study was to investigate pyroptosis in the nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) of inflammatory induced IDD by bioinformatic methods and to search for possible diagnostic biomarkers. Methods. Gene expression profiles related to IDD were downloaded from the GEO database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between inflammation-induced IDD and non-inflammatory intervention samples. Pyroptosis genes were then searched for, and their expression in IDD was analyzed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was then used to search for modules of IDD genes associated with pyroptosis and intersected with DEGs to discover candidate genes that would be diagnostically valuable. A LASSO model was developed to screen for genes that met the requirements, and ROC curves were created to clarify the diagnostic value of the genetic markers. Ultimately, the screened genes were further validated, and their diagnostic value assessed by selecting gene sets from the GEO database. RT-PCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of diagnostic markers in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Pan-cancer analysis was applied to demonstrate the expression and prognostic value of the screened genes in various tumors. Results. A total of 733 DEGs were identified in GSE41883 and GSE27494, which were mainly enriched in transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine, kinase signaling pathway, response to lipopolysaccharide, and other biological processes, and they were mainly related to TGF beta signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. A total of 81 genes related to pyroptosis were identified in the literature, and eight genes related to IDD were identified in the Veen diagram, namely, IL1A, IL1B, NOD2, GBP1, IL6, AK1, EEF2K, and PYCARD. Eleven candidate genes were obtained after locating the intersection of pyroptosis-related module genes and DEGs according to WGCNA analysis. A total of six valid genes were obtained after constructing a machine learning model, and five key genes were finally identified after correlation analysis. GSE23132 and GSE56081 validated the candidate genes, and the final IDD-related diagnostic markers were obtained as SMIM1 and SEZ6L2. RT-PCR results indicated that the mRNA expression of both was significantly elevated in IDD. The pan-cancer analysis demonstrated that SMIM1 and SEZ6L2 have important roles in the expression and prognosis of various tumors. Conclusion. In conclusion, this research identifies SMIM1 and SEZ6L2 as important biomarkers of IDD associated with pyroptosis, which will help to unravel the development and pathogenesis of IDD and determine potential therapeutic targets.

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Mingo, Gabriel, Javiera Pradenas, Nicole Babbitt, Pamela González, Cristina Bertocchi, and Gareth Owen. "Abstract 3841: SMIM11A, a novel protein involved in the mechanism of vasculogenic mimicry formation in vitro." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 3841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3841.

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Abstract Introduction: Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) describes a process by which cancer cells establish an alternative perfusion pathway in an endothelial cell-free manner. Despite the strong correlation with reduced patient survival, the mechanisms by which a tumor can create this self-generated irrigation system are still not fully understood. The process of VM in vitro can occur in laminin-111-containing Matrigel and requires the PI3K pathway. However, the membrane protein component and signaling pathways involved in this process are unknown. Methods: In an established in vitro model of VM of ovarian and breast cancer cells (HEY and MDA-MB-231, respectively) on Matrigel coating, we utilized gene silencing and blocking antibodies to elucidate the signaling pathways involved in this process. RNASeq was used to identify novel transcripts and siRNA was utilized to verify the requirement of candidate RNA/protein in tubular formation. Results: siRNA and antibody blocking of integrin β1, but not β3, prevented VM formation in vitro. Individual silencing of cortactin, TKS5, MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14 affected tubular formation. RNAseq analysis suggested that VM has minimal dependence on de novo transcriptional activity yet reported a strong upregulation of small Integral Membrane Protein 11 (SMIM11A). This result was verified by qPCR and siRNA silencing of SMIM11A prevented VM formation. Discussion: Laminin 111 may interact with integrin β1, and the consequent activation of the PI3K pathway could potentially remodel cytoskeletal proteins and promote the activity of MMPs. We report for the first time a biological role for SMIM11a. This gene is regulated at the RNA level and is required for the formation of tubular structure in vitro. As VM is strongly associated with poor patient survival, understanding the formation of this alternative irrigation system may deliver new druggable targets. Citation Format: Gabriel Mingo, Javiera Pradenas, Nicole Babbitt, Pamela González, Cristina Bertocchi, Gareth Owen. SMIM11A, a novel protein involved in the mechanism of vasculogenic mimicry formation in vitro [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3841.

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Modi, Jenishkumar Vijaykumar, and Darshit Kalaria. "An observational study of incidence of surgical site infections in gastrointestinal surgeries." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 3595. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20214751.

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Background: This study analysed the incidence of surgical site infections in gastrointestinal surgeries and its risk factors. so this study helped us in reducing surgical site infection by avoiding or minimizing that risk factors.Methods: The present study was conducted at general surgery department, SMIMER, Surat. An observational study of 400 cases that have undergone abdominal surgery in SMIMER hospital and were followed up from the day of operation to 30 days after discharge was done.Results: The overall infection rate for a total of the 400 cases was 17.25%. The incidence rate in this study was well within the infection rates of 2.8% to 17% seen in other studies. Different studies from India at different places have shown the SSI (surgical site infection) rate to vary from 6.09% to 38.7%.Conclusions: Our study reveals that though SSIs have been widely studied since a long time, they still remain as one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in surgically treated patients.

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Konina, Daria, Peter Sparber, Iuliia Viakhireva, Alexandra Filatova, and Mikhail Skoblov. "Investigation of LINC00493/SMIM26 Gene Suggests Its Dual Functioning at mRNA and Protein Level." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 8477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168477.

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The amount of human long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes is comparable to protein-coding; however, only a small number of lncRNAs are functionally annotated. Previously, it was shown that lncRNAs can participate in many key cellular processes, including regulation of gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The lncRNA genes can contain small open reading frames (sORFs), and recent studies demonstrated that some of the resulting short proteins could play an important biological role. In the present study, we investigate the widely expressed lncRNA LINC00493. We determine the structure of the LINC00493 transcript, its cell localization and influence on cell physiology. Our data demonstrate that LINC00493 has an influence on cell viability in a cell-type-specific manner. Furthermore, it was recently shown that LINC00493 has a sORF that is translated into small protein SMIM26. The results of our knockdown and overexpression experiments suggest that both LINC00493/SMIM26 transcript and protein affect cell viability, but in the opposite manner.

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Dezan, Marcia Regina, Abel Costa-Neto, Carolina Nunes Gomes, Ingrid Helena Ribeiro, Valéria Brito Oliveira, Marina C. A. V. Conrado, Théo Gremen M. Oliveira, et al. "SMIM1 intron 2 gene variations leading to variability in Vel antigen expression among Brazilian blood donors." Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases 77 (July 2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.03.006.

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Jiang, Li, Mengmeng Zhang, Sixue Wang, Yuzhen Xiao, Jingni Wu, Yuxin Zhou, and Xiaoling Fang. "LINC01018 and SMIM25 sponged miR-182-5p in endometriosis revealed by the ceRNA network construction." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 34 (January 2020): 205873842097630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058738420976309.

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The current study intended to explore the interaction of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA) under the background of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in endometriosis (EMs). The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs), differentially expressed lncRNA (DELs), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EMs ectopic (EC) and eutopic (EU) endometrium based on three RNA-sequencing datasets (GSE105765, GSE121406, and GSE105764) were identified, which were used for the construction of ceRNA network. Then, DEGs in the ceRNA network were performed with Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Besides, the DEmiRs in the ceRNA network were validated in GSE124010. And the target DELs and DEGs of verified DEmiRs were validated in GSE86534. The correlation of verified DEmiRs, DEGs, and DELs was explored. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to investigate the function of verified DEmiRs, DEGs, and DELs. Overall, 1352 DEGs and 595 DELs from GSE105764, along with 27 overlapped DEmiRs between GSE105765 and GSE121406, were obtained. Subsequently, a ceRNA network, including 11 upregulated and 16 downregulated DEmiRs, 7 upregulated and 13 downregulated DELs, 48 upregulated and 46 downregulated DEGs, was constructed. The GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that this ceRNA network probably was associated with inflammation-related pathways. Furthermore, hsa-miR-182-5p and its target DELs (LINC01018 and SMIM25) and DEGs (BNC2, CHL1, HMCN1, PRDM16) were successfully verified in the validation analysis. Besides, hsa-miR-182-5p was significantly negatively correlated with these target DELs and DEGs. The GSEA analysis implied that high expression of LINC01018, SMIM25, and CHL1, and low expression of hsa-miR-182-5p would activate inflammation-related pathways in endometriosis EU samples. LINC01018 and SMIM25 might sponge hsa-miR-182-5p to upregulate downstream genes such as CHL1 to promote the development of endometriosis.

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Billert, Maria, Agnieszka Rak, Krzysztof W. Nowak, and Marek Skrzypski. "Phoenixin: More than Reproductive Peptide." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (November 8, 2020): 8378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218378.

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Phoenixin (PNX) neuropeptide is a cleaved product of the Smim20 protein. Its most common isoforms are the 14- and 20-amino acid peptides. The biological functions of PNX are mediated via the activation of the GPR173 receptor. PNX plays an important role in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the female reproductive system where it potentiates LH secretion and controls the estrus cycle. Moreover, it stimulates oocyte maturation and increases the number of ovulated oocytes. Nevertheless, PNX not only regulates the reproduction system but also exerts anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and cell-protective effects. Furthermore, it is involved in behavior, food intake, sensory perception, memory, and energy metabolism. Outside the CNS, PNX exerts its effects on the heart, ovaries, adipose tissue, and pancreatic islets. This review presents all the currently available studies demonstrating the pleiotropic effects of PNX.

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27

Zhang, Xue Lan, and Deng Feng Wang. "Preparation and Activity of Ionic Liquid Catalysts Grafted on Hydrophobic Silica Gel." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 2621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.2621.

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An ionic liquid 1- (triethoxysilyl) propyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide ([Smim]OH) was grafted on three kinds of mesoporous hydrophobic silica gel by means of post-grafting under mild conditions. The catalysts were [Smim]OH/SiO2-MTES (methyltriethoxysilane), [Smim]OH/SiO2-TMCS (trimethylchlorosilane), [Smim]OH/SiO2-CPTEO (triethoxysilyl propyl chloride). Such grafted ionic liquids (GILs), which were characterized by means of FTIR and N2 adsorption-desorption could be used as effective heterogeneous catalysts toward propylene carbonate synthesis through cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with propylene oxide under solventless and mild conditions.

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Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal. "SMIMO Radar: MIMO Radar with Subarray Elements of Phased-Array Antenna." IJITEE (International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 5, no. 2 (July 21, 2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.58593.

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Unlike Phased-MIMO Radar (PMIMO) which employs overlapping equal subarrays (OES) only on the transmit (Tx), Subarray-MIMO (SMIMO) radar utilizes the combination of subarrays, both in the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx). SMIMO radar is MIMO radar with subarray elements acting as Phased-Array (PA). It simultaneously combines the primary advantages of PA and the MIMO radar; they are high directional gain and high diversity gain, respectively. High directional gain is beneficial to improve the range target, while high diversity gain is beneficial to improve the number of target detection. The use of the subarray methods in the Tx-Rx array could be configured such as in verlapping subarray (OS), non-overlapping subarray (NOS), equal subarray (ES), unequal subarray (US), and/or the combination of all configurations. Various configurations in Tr-Rx would determine the performance of radar, such as the number of virtual arrays, the maximum number of target detections, the detection accuracies, and the angular resolutions along with its effectivity compared to PA, MIMO, and Phased-MIMO radar. Numerical results and simulation showed that SMIMO provided higher flexibility than other radars by configuring Tx-Rx to easily adapt to various changes of target conditions and their surroundings.

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Sharma, Nitin Kumar, and Man Singh. "Multifunctional supramolecular ionic metallosurfactants (SMIMSs) for antimicrobial, anticancer and serum albumins binding." Journal of Molecular Liquids 263 (August 2018): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.04.138.

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Dai, Gucan, Haijie Yu, Martin Kruse, Alexis Traynor-Kaplan, and Bertil Hille. "Osmoregulatory inositol transporter SMIT1 modulates electrical activity by adjusting PI(4,5)P2 levels." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 23 (May 23, 2016): E3290—E3299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606348113.

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Myo-inositol is an important cellular osmolyte in autoregulation of cell volume and fluid balance, particularly for mammalian brain and kidney cells. We find it also regulates excitability. Myo-inositol is the precursor of phosphoinositides, key signaling lipids including phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. However, whether myo-inositol accumulation during osmoregulation affects signaling and excitability has not been fully explored. We found that overexpression of the Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter (SMIT1) and myo-inositol supplementation enlarged intracellular PI(4,5)P2 pools, modulated several PI(4,5)P2-dependent ion channels including KCNQ2/3 channels, and attenuated the action potential firing of superior cervical ganglion neurons. Further experiments using the rapamycin-recruitable phosphatase Sac1 to hydrolyze PI(4)P and the P4M probe to visualize PI(4)P suggested that PI(4)P levels increased after myo-inositol supplementation with SMIT1 expression. Elevated relative levels of PIP and PIP2 were directly confirmed using mass spectrometry. Inositol trisphosphate production and release of calcium from intracellular stores also were augmented after myo-inositol supplementation. Finally, we found that treatment with a hypertonic solution mimicked the effect we observed with SMIT1 overexpression, whereas silencing tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein prevented these effects. These results show that ion channel function and cellular excitability are under regulation by several “physiological” manipulations that alter the PI(4,5)P2 setpoint. We demonstrate a previously unrecognized linkage between extracellular osmotic changes and the electrical properties of excitable cells.

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Arnaud, Lionel, Liam P. Kelley, Virginie Helias, Jean-Pierre Cartron, and Bryan A. Ballif. "SMIM1 is a type II transmembrane phosphoprotein and displays the Vel blood group antigen at its carboxyl-terminus." FEBS Letters 589, no. 23 (October 9, 2015): 3624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2015.09.029.

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32

Cook, S. R., P. K. Maiti, A. V. Chaves, C. Benchaar, K. A. Beauchemin, and T. A. McAllister. "Avian (IgY) anti-methanogen antibodies for reducing ruminal methane production: in vitro assessment of their effects." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07249.

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In vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and production of methane, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia from an early lactation diet or from freeze-dried alfalfa were assessed in the presence of anti-methanogen antibody treatments in two in vitro ruminal incubations (experiments 1 and 2). In experiment 1, hens were immunised with crude cell preparations of Methanobrevibacter smithii, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium or Methanosphaera stadtmanae and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). Semipurified egg antibodies (IgY) prepared from the hens’ eggs (α-SMICFA, α-RUMCFA, or α-STADCFA, respectively) were dispensed into 24 replicate vials (400 μL per vial) containing 500 mg of an early lactation total mixed ration (18% crude protein; 33% neutral detergent fibre; DM basis). Vials containing an equal volume of semipurified antibodies from eggs of non-immunised hens were included as a control. In experiment 2, hens were immunised with one of the three antigenic preparations combined with Montanide ISA 70 adjuvant. Triplicate vials per time point included 0.6 g of freeze-dried egg powder (α-SMIMon, α-RUMMon, α-STADMon; 19.0 ± 2.6 mg IgY/g) or a mixture of all three (ComboMon) and 500 mg of freeze-dried alfalfa. Total gas, methane production and pH were measured at intervals over 24 h. After 24 h, samples were analysed for VFA, ammonia and IVDMD. In experiment 1, cumulative CH4 production was similar (P > 0.05) among treatments at each sampling time. At 24 h, average CH4 production across treatments was 27.03 ± 0.205 mg/g DM. In experiment 2, α-SMIMon, α-STADMon and ComboMon reduced methane production at 12 h (P ≤ 0.05) compared with the control, but by 24 h, CH4 levels in all treatments were similar (P > 0.05) to the control. At 24 h, total VFA concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in α-RUMMon and α-SMIMon than in the control. The transient nature of the inhibition of methane production by the antibodies may have arisen from instability of the antibodies in ruminal fluid, or to the presence of non-culturable methanogens unaffected by the antibody activity that was administered.

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Khan, Mohd Umar, Ryhan Abdullah Rather, and Zeba N. Siddiqui. "Design, characterization and catalytic evaluation of halometallic ionic liquid incorporated Nd2O3 nanoparticles ([smim][FeCl4]−@Nd2O3) for the synthesis of N-aryl indeno pyrrole derivatives." RSC Advances 10, no. 73 (2020): 44892–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08812a.

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Silica modified imidazolium based halometallic ionic liquids, [smim][MCl₄] and [smim][FeCl₄]⁻@Nd₂O₃ were synthesized for the evaluation of acidic and catalytic properties.

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34

Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal, and Muttaqin Hardiwansyah. "Subarrays of phased-array antennas for multiple-input multiple-output radar applications." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2022): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v11i3.pp218-228.

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The subarray MIMO radar (SMIMO) is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with elements in the form of a sub-array that acts as a phased array (PAR), so it combines at the same time the key advantage of the PAR radar, which is high directional gain to increase target range, and the key advantage of the MIMO radar, i.e., high diversity gains to increase the maximum number of detected targets. Different schemes for the number of antenna elements in the transceiver zones, such as uniform and/or variable, overlapped and non-overlapped, significantly determine the performance of radars as virtual arrays (VARs), maximum number of detected targets, accuracy of target angle, detection resolution, SNR detection, and detection probability. Performance is also compared with the PAR, the MIMO, and the phased MIMO radars (PMIMO). The SMIMO radar offers great versatility for radar applications, being able to adapt to different shapes of the multiple targets to be detected and their environment. For example, for a transmit-receive with an antenna element number, i.e., M = N = 8, the range of the number of detected targets for the SMIMO radar is flexible compared to the other radars. On the other hand, the proposed radar's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) detection performance and detection probability (K = 5, L = 3) are both 1,999 and above 90%, which are better than other radars.

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Geetha, B. T., Prakash Mohan, A. V. R. Mayuri, T. Jackulin, J. L. Aldo Stalin, and Varagantham Anitha. "Pigeon Inspired Optimization with Encryption Based Secure Medical Image Management System." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (August 8, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2243827.

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Presently, technological advancements in the healthcare sector pose a challenging problem relevant to the security and privacy of health-related applications. Medical images can be considered significant and sensitive data in the medical informatics system. In order to transmit medical images in an open medium, the design of secure encryption algorithms becomes essential. Encryption can be considered one of the effective solutions for accomplishing security. Although numerous models have existed in the literature, they could not adaptable to the rising number of medicinal images in the health sector. At the same time, the optimal key generation process acts as a vital part in defining the performance of the encryption techniques. Therefore, this article presents a Pigeon Inspired Optimization with Encryption-based Secure Medical Image Management (PIOE-SMIM) technique. The proposed PIOE-SMIM approach majorly concentrates on the development of secret share creation (SSC) and the encryption process. At the initial stage, the medical images are converted into a collection of 12 shares using the SSC approach. In addition, an elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) scheme is employed for the encryption process. In order to optimum key creation procedure in the ECC model, the PIO technique is exploited with the aim of maximizing PSNR. Finally, on the receiver side, the decryption and share reconstruction processes are performed to construct the original images. The PIOE-SMIM model displayed an enhanced PSNR of 59.37 dB in image 1. Improved PSNR of 59.53 dB is given for image 5 using the PIOE-SMIM model. For demonstrating an enhanced performance of the PIOE-SMIM method, a widespread experimental study is made and the results highlighted the supremacy of the PIOE-SMIM model over other techniques.

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Nair, Rema V., S. Saraswathi, Anuradha Prasannan, Saranya Andal, and Prashant V. Solanke. "Socio-Economic Determinants of Pap Smear among Women in SMIMS." International Journal of Contemporary Medicine 3, no. 2 (2015): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-1032.2015.00053.4.

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Amster, Oskar, Stuart Friedman, Yongliang Yang, and Fred Stanke. "Nanoscale Capacitance and Capacitance-Voltage Curves for Advanced Characterization of Electrical Properties of Silicon and GaN Structures Using Scanning Microwave Impedance Microscopy (sMIM)." EDFA Technical Articles 19, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2017-4.p012.

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Abstract Scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM) is a relatively new method for making electrical measurements on test samples in AFMs. This article presents examples in which sMIM technology is used to measure dielectric coefficients, doping concentrations, and nanoscale C-V curves for different semiconductor and dielectric materials. It also explains how measured results compare with theoretical models, confirming the validity of each approach.

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Coq Germanicus, Rosine, Peter De Wolf, Florent Lallemand, Catherine Bunel, Serge Bardy, Hugues Murray, and Ulrike Lüders. "Mapping of integrated PIN diodes with a 3D architecture by scanning microwave impedance microscopy and dynamic spectroscopy." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (November 23, 2020): 1764–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.159.

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This work addresses the need for a comprehensive methodology for nanoscale electrical testing dedicated to the analysis of both “front end of line” (FEOL) (doped semiconducting layers) and “back end of line” (BEOL) layers (metallization, trench dielectric, and isolation) of highly integrated microelectronic devices. Based on atomic force microscopy, an electromagnetically shielded and electrically conductive tip is used in scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM). sMIM allows for the characterization of the local electrical properties through the analysis of the microwave impedance of the metal–insulator–semiconductor nanocapacitor (nano-MIS capacitor) that is formed by tip and sample. A highly integrated monolithic silicon PIN diode with a 3D architecture is analysed. sMIM measurements of the different layers of the PIN diode are presented and discussed in terms of detection mechanism, sensitivity, and precision. In the second part, supported by analytic calculations of the equivalent nano-MIS capacitor, a new multidimensional approach, including a complete parametric investigation, is performed with a dynamic spectroscopy method. The results emphasize the strong impact, in terms of distinction and location, of the applied bias on the local sMIM measurements for both FEOL and BEOL layers.

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Desai, Maunil, and Hetal Desai. "Pulmonary function tests in compressed natural gas pump workers in Surat city." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12, no. 12 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09475202207112022.

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Background: Various studies have known abatements in lung function and several other health problems associated with longstanding air pollution exposure. One of the most cost-effective and environmental alternative of conventional fuels (petrol and diesel) is compressed natural gas (CNG). The increasing use of CNG as a fuel (as it is safe and cheap as compare to the conventional fuels) can add one more bug to the list of work-related disease. Aims and Objectives: This study is to evaluate the respiratory functions of CNG pump workers. Materials and Methods: The present study was held on 82 male subjects. The study group included of non-smoking healthy adult males, age group of 20–40 years working in different CNG stations in Surat city for >6 months and 8 h per day. The control group included of non-smoking healthy adult males, age group of 20–30 years working or studying in the Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research (SMIMER). Results: Out of 82 male subjects, 30 subjects were control and 52 subjects were CNG station workers. The study group comprised of 52 healthy non-smokers in the age group of 20–40 years working in different CNG station in Surat city for >6 months and 8 h/day. The control group comprised of 30 healthy non-smokers males between the age group of 20–30 years working or studying in the SMIMER. Conclusion: In this study, we have not found statistically significant deterioration in pulmonary functions of CNG pump workers when compared to controls.

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Shaldubina, Alona, Roy A. Johanson, W. Timothy O’Brien, Roberto Buccafusca, Galila Agam, R. H. Belmaker, Peter S. Klein, Yuly Bersudsky, and Gerard T. Berry. "SMIT1 haploinsufficiency causes brain inositol deficiency without affecting lithium-sensitive behavior." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 88, no. 4 (August 2006): 384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.03.007.

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Новикова, Валентина Васильевна, Дмитрий Владимирович Иванов та Назим Мусабекович Игидов. "Изучение противогрибковой активности нового бромпроизводного 4,5-дигидрофуран-3-карбоновой кислоты на модели биопленки". Экспериментальная и клиническая фармакология 86, № 2 (6 березня 2023): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0869-2092-2023-86-2-14-17.

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Изучена противогрибковая активность нового вещества — нитрила 2-амино-5-бром-5-(1-бром-2-оксо-2-фенилэтил)-4-оксо-1H-4,5-дигидрофуран-3-карбоновой кислоты в планктонной культуре и в условиях биопленки. Установлено наличие высокой антифунгальной активности в отношении планктонных культур типового и клинических изолятов Candida albicans (pMIC 0,3 – 2,9 мкг/мл), превышающей действие препарата сравнения флуконазола. Противогрибковый эффект данного соединения в пленочной культуре сопоставим с флуконазолом: подавление роста 80% микроорганизмов возникало при sMIC80 500 мкг/мл и более. Показана необходимость тестирования новых противогрибковых соединений на модели биопленки для возможности их дальнейшего использования в практической медицине при ситуациях, сопровождающихся биопленкообразованием.

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Nurbaiti, Nurbaiti, M. Haykal, Iswadi Iswadi, and Wahyuddin Wahyuddin. "Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Sesudah Dan Sebelum Konversi Unit Usaha Syariah Ke Bank Umum Syariah Pada PT Bank Aceh Syariah." Jurnal Akuntansi Malikussaleh (JAM) 1, no. 1 (July 19, 2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jam.v1i1.7446.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan PT Bank Aceh Syariah sebelum dan sesudah konversi. Rasio keuangan yang digunakan adalah Finance to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Return on Assets (ROA), dan Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO). Penelitian ini menggunakan data laporan triwulanan PT Bank Aceh Syariah tahun 2014-2016 untuk sebelum konversi, dan pada tahun 2016-2018 untuk setelah konversi'Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan pengujian yang berbeda, sebelumnya dilakukan uji normalitas Kolmogorov-Smimov, karena diperoleh hasil bahwa data terdistribusi tersebut normal, maka uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji SampleT berpasangan dengan = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan FDR, ROA, dan BOPO sebelum dan sesudah konversi

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Shah, Parshv P., Harvy Parikh, Hemant Shah, and Nilesh Doctor. "Study of cardiac manifestations in hypothyroid patients admitted in tertiary care centre." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 12 (November 23, 2021): 1852. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20214523.

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Background: Hypothyroidism is the most common pathological hormone deficiency. To study various cardiac manifestations in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism.Methods: The cross-sectional analytic study is carried out on 60 patients of hypothyroid subjects in indoor facility of general medicine department in SMIMER hospital.Results: This study shows positive correlation between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic findings. In this study, there is female predominance, ECG findings most commonly suggestive of sinus bradycardia and ECHO findings are most commonly suggestive of diastolic dysfunction with pericardial effusion.Conclusions: The early recognition and early initiation of treatment of hypothyroidism may helpful to lowering heart changes as hypothyroidism is reversible cause for cardiac manifestation.

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JAMSRANDORJ, G., and SERGUEI A. DIATCHKOV. "Placer Deposits of Mongolia." SEG Discovery, no. 24 (January 1, 1996): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/segnews.1996-24.fea.

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Editor’s note: Smimov uses the weathering definition of eluvial, meaning “an accumulation of rock debris produced*in-place by decomposition or disintegration of rock; a residue.” Two other terms in Smimov’s classification are not in common usage in North America nor in North American placer classification schemes By Russian definition, diluvium is an accumulation of fragments on the surface of slopes close to the source rock, predominantly moved by gravity. In North America, proluvium is a “complex, friable deltaic sediment accumulated at the fool of a slope as a result of an occasional torrential washing of fragmental material” (Glossary of Geology, 1972, American Geological Institute, Washington, D.C.).

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Agam, Galila, Yuly Bersudsky, Gerard T. Berry, Diederik Moechars, Yael Lavi-Avnon, and R. H. Belmaker. "Knockout mice in understanding the mechanism of action of lithium." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 5 (September 21, 2009): 1121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0371121.

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Lithium inhibits IMPase (inositol monophosphatase) activity, as well as inositol transporter function. To determine whether one or more of these mechanisms might underlie lithium's behavioural effects, we studied Impa1 (encoding IMPase) and Smit1 (sodium–myo-inositol transporter 1)-knockout mice. In brains of adult homozygous Impa1-knockout mice, IMPase activity was found to be decreased; however, inositol levels were not found to be altered. Behavioural analysis indicated decreased immobility in the forced-swim test as well as a strongly increased sensitivity to pilocarpine-induced seizures. These are behaviours robustly induced by lithium. In homozygous Smit1-knockout mice, free inositol levels were decreased in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. These animals behave like lithium-treated animals in the model of pilocarpine seizures and in the Porsolt forced-swim test model of depression. In contrast with O'Brien et al. [O'Brien, Harper, Jove, Woodgett, Maretto, Piccolo and Klein (2004) J. Neurosci. 24, 6791–6798], we could not confirm that heterozygous Gsk3b (glycogen synthase kinase 3β)-knockout mice exhibit decreased immobility in the Porsolt forced-swim test or decreased amphetamine-induced hyperactivity in a manner mimicking lithium's behavioural effects. These data support the role of inositol-related processes rather than GSK3β in the mechanism of the therapeutic action of lithium.

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Hein, Sibyll, Vladimir Prassolov, Yuanming Zhang, Dmitry Ivanov, Jürgen Löhler, Susan R. Ross, and Carol Stocking. "Sodium-Dependent myo-Inositol Transporter 1 Is a Cellular Receptor for Mus cervicolor M813 Murine Leukemia Virus." Journal of Virology 77, no. 10 (May 15, 2003): 5926–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.10.5926-5932.2003.

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ABSTRACT Retrovirus infection is initiated by binding of the surface (SU) portion of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) to specific receptors on cells. This binding triggers conformational changes in the transmembrane portion of Env, leading to membrane fusion and cell entry, and is thus a major determinant of retrovirus tissue and species tropism. The M813 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) is a highly fusogenic gammaretrovirus, isolated from Mus cervicolor, whose host range is limited to mouse cells. To delineate the molecular mechanisms of its restricted host range and its high fusogenic potential, we initiated studies to characterize the cell surface protein that mediates M813 infection. Screening of the T31 mouse-hamster radiation hybrid panel for M813 infectivity localized the receptor gene to the distal end of mouse chromosome 16. Expression of one of the likely candidate genes (slc5a3) within this region in human cells conferred susceptibility to both M813 infection and M813-induced fusogenicity. slc5a3 encodes sodium myo-inositol transporter 1 (SMIT1), thus adding another sodium-dependent transporter to the growing list of proteins used by MuLVs for cell entry. Characterization of SMIT1 orthologues in different species identified several amino acid variations within two extracellular loops that may restrict susceptibility to M813 infection.

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Qian, Zuanhao, Zhenglei Zhang, and Yingying Wang. "T cell receptor signaling pathway and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction affect the rehabilitation process after respiratory syncytial virus infection." PeerJ 7 (June 12, 2019): e7089. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7089.

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Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of respiratory tract infection, which seriously threatens the health and life of children. This study is conducted to reveal the rehabilitation mechanisms of RSV infection. Methods E-MTAB-5195 dataset was downloaded from EBI ArrayExpress database, including 39 acute phase samples in the acute phase of infection and 21 samples in the recovery period. Using the limma package, differentially expressed RNAs (DE-RNAs) were analyzed. The significant modules were identified using WGCNA package, and the mRNAs in them were conducted with enrichment analysis using DAVID tool. Afterwards, co-expression network for the RNAs involved in the significant modules was built by Cytoscape software. Additionally, RSV-correlated pathways were searched from Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, and then the pathway network was constructed. Results There were 2,489 DE-RNAs between the two groups, including 2,386 DE-mRNAs and 103 DE-lncRNAs. The RNAs in the black, salmon, blue, tan and turquoise modules correlated with stage were taken as RNA set1. Meanwhile, the RNAs in brown, blue, magenta and pink modules related to disease severity were defined as RNA set2. In the pathway networks, CD40LG and RASGRP1 co-expressed with LINC00891/LINC00526/LINC01215 were involved in the T cell receptor signaling pathway, and IL1B, IL1R2, IL18, and IL18R1 co-expressed with BAIAP2-AS1/CRNDE/LINC01503/SMIM25 were implicated in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Conclusion LINC00891/LINC00526/LINC01215 co-expressed with CD40LG and RASGRP1 might affect the rehabilitation process of RSV infection through the T cell receptor signaling pathway. Besides, BAIAP2-AS1/CRNDE/LINC01503/SMIM25 co-expressed with IL1 and IL18 families might function in the clearance process after RSV infection via cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.

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Figueroa Tauquino, Rafael Ramon. "Modelos para estimar la precipitación en función a la altitud, latitud y longitud en la cuenca del Santa." APORTE SANTIAGUINO 1, no. 1 (July 19, 2008): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32911/as.2008.v1.n1.337.

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Los modelos para estimar la precipitación en función a la altitud, latitud y longitud que son parámetros que no varian son fijas en cambio la precipitación esta en función de muchos factores, en este caso veremos solamente los mencionado.Para esto se ha realizado un analisis estadistico de 42 estaciones meteorologicas y Climatologicas Ordinarias (CO) y Pluviometricas (Plu), donde estas estaciones tienen un historial mayor a 30 años y algunas menor a 10 años, estas ultimas han sido consideradas previo analisis estadistico.Para el estudio se realizaron las pruebas de bondad de ajuste CM-cuadrado (2c2) y la de Smimov-Kolmogorov) y asi de esta manera ver si las precipitaciones responden a modelos de ecuación de estimación lineal multiple

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Manville, Rían W., Daniel L. Neverisky, and Geoffrey W. Abbott. "SMIT1 Modifies KCNQ Channel Function and Pharmacology by Physical Interaction with the Pore." Biophysical Journal 113, no. 3 (August 2017): 613–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.055.

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Fan, Yu Cheng, Chang Wei Fan, Wei Chun Ting, and Guan Fu Lee. "Interactive Remote Control System for Three Dimensional Displays." Applied Mechanics and Materials 145 (December 2011): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.145.73.

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In this paper, we propose an interactive remote control system using image processing technique for three dimensional displays. In order to control three dimensional displays, we present an algorithm based on gestures recognition. Then we adopt cell-based design flow and 0.18μm TSMC single poly and six metals processing to perform the system chip. Besides, the SMIMS FPGA development board is used to achieve the system. The results prove the performance reaching the well quality of interactive remote control system for three dimensional displays.

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