Готові списки джерел за темами / Slug injection

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Slug injection"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Slug injection"

1

Soleimani, Rasa, Jalel Azaiez, Mohammad Zargartalebi, and Ian D. Gates. "Heat transfer analysis of immiscible slug flow-based microchannels: Study of channels with extended surfaces." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 9 (September 2022): 093310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0114088.

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Анотація:
Immiscible injection of slug(s) into a microchannel with square blocks attached to the bottom surface of the channel is studied using the phase-field approach for interface tracking. It is confirmed that immiscible injection enhances heat transfer by up to 85% compared to miscible injection considering identical thermophysical properties. The differences in the rate of heat removal between immiscible and miscible injection are explained by the hydrodynamics of the system. It is also found that larger injected slug size does not necessarily result in greater heat removal and causes the average Nusselt number to behave non-monotonically, reaching an optimum value at a specific slug length. This non-monotonic trend has been explained by analyzing the hydrodynamics of the system. The effect of the inter-block distance generally showed a monotonic increasing trend for the average Nusselt number, except for a single slug length. This behavior has been explained by the vorticity and Fourier transform analysis. An alternating slug injection configuration has also been analyzed. The analysis of this configuration reveals a non-monotonic behavior of the average Nusselt number vs the number of injected slugs. This non-monotonic behavior shows that for each value of the selected slug length, there is a critical number of slugs, and consequently, a critical slug length for which the average Nusselt number reaches a maximum. The hydrodynamics of the system justifies this non-monotonic behavior. Finally, the friction factor and performance evaluation criterion are presented as a guideline for the design of the microchannels based on flow configuration.
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2

Tantianon, Anan, and Falan Srisuriyachai. "Assessment of Surfactant Flooding With Variations of Slug Injection Strategies in Waterflooded Reservoir." International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering 3, no. 3 (September 27, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijare.2017.3.3.01.

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Injection of surfactant into waterflooded reservoir which has considerably high water saturation may cause a reduction in surfactant efficiency by means of surfactant dilution and adsorption. Therefore, to maintain expected lowest interfacial tension (IFT) condition, large amount of surfactant, which leads to higher cost, is inevitable. Several studies have observed that reduction in surfactant concentration slug at the late time can cause a shift in surface equilibrium, resulting in desorption of retained active surfactant agents and therefore, it is possible to obtain benefit from this phenomenon to achieve longer period of the lowest IFT condition while maintaining the amount of surfactant used. Hence, this study aims to evaluate effects of two-slug surfactant flooding compared to single-slug while maintaining amount of surfactant used constant in waterflooded reservoir. The performance is evaluated based on additional oil recovery using STAR® reservoir simulation program. Simulated results indicated that two-slug surfactant injection yields better oil recovery than conventional single-slug surfactant flooding due to benefit of sacrificial adsorption and desorption process of active surfactant. Selecting type of two-slug surfactant flooding strategy would depend on surfactant concentration of single-slug which is chosen for modification; whereas, the selection of magnitude of concentration contrast between two slugs would depend on placement of surfactant mass ratio.
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3

Tan, Li, and Parwinder S. Grewal. "Pathogenicity of Moraxella osloensis, a Bacterium Associated with the Nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, to the Slug Deroceras reticulatum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 5010–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.11.5010-5016.2001.

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ABSTRACT Moraxella osloensis, a gram-negative bacterium, is associated with Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, a nematode parasite of slugs. This bacterium-feeding nematode has potential for the biological control of slugs, especially the grey garden slug, Deroceras reticulatum. Infective juveniles of P. hermaphrodita invade the shell cavity of the slug, develop into self-fertilizing hermaphrodites, and produce progeny, resulting in host death. However, the role of the associated bacterium in the pathogenicity of the nematode to the slug is unknown. We discovered that M. osloensis alone is pathogenic toD. reticulatum after injection into the shell cavity or hemocoel of the slug. The bacteria from 60-h cultures were more pathogenic than the bacteria from 40-h cultures, as indicated by the higher and more rapid mortality of the slugs injected with the former. Coinjection of penicillin and streptomycin with the 60-h bacterial culture reduced its pathogenicity to the slug. Further work suggested that the reduction and loss of pathogenicity of the aged infective juveniles of P. hermaphrodita to D. reticulatum result from the loss of M. osloensisfrom the aged nematodes. Also, axenic J1/J2 nematodes were nonpathogenic after injection into the shell cavity. Therefore, we conclude that the bacterium is the sole killing agent of D. reticulatum in the nematode-bacterium complex and thatP. hermaphrodita acts only as a vector to transport the bacterium into the shell cavity of the slug. The identification of the toxic metabolites produced by M. osloensis is being pursued.
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4

Gong, Jiakun, Sebastien Vincent-Bonnieu, Ridhwan Z. Kamarul Bahrim, Che A. N. B. Che Mamat, Raj D. Tewari, Mohammad I. Mahamad Amir, Jeroen Groenenboom, Rouhollah Farajzadeh, and William R. Rossen. "Injectivity of Multiple Slugs in Surfactant Alternating Gas Foam EOR: A CT Scan Study." SPE Journal 25, no. 02 (February 4, 2020): 895–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/199888-pa.

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Summary A surfactant alternating gas (SAG) process is often the injection method for foam, on the basis of its improved injectivity over direct foam injection. In a previous study, we reported coreflood experiments on liquid injectivity after foam flooding and liquid injectivity after injection of a gas slug following steady-state foam. Results showed that a period of gas injection is important for the subsequent liquid injectivity. However, the effects of multiple gas and liquid slugs were not explored. In this paper, we present a coreflood study of injectivities of multiple gas and liquid slugs in an SAG process in a field core. Nitrogen and surfactant solution are either coinjected or injected separately into the sandstone core sample. The experiments are conducted at an elevated temperature of 90°C with a backpressure of 40 bar. Differential pressures are measured to quantify gas and liquid injectivities. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is applied to relate water saturation to mobility. During the injection of a large gas slug following foam, a bank in which foam completely collapses or greatly weakens forms near the inlet and propagates slowly downstream. During the subsequent period of liquid injection, liquid flows through the collapsed-foam bank much more easily than further downstream. Beyond the collapsed-foam region, liquid first imbibes into the whole cross section. In this region, liquid flows mainly through a finger of high liquid saturation. Our CT results suggest a revision of our earlier interpretation; the process of gas dissolution does not merely follow fingering but is evidently directly involved in the fingering process. Our results suggest that, in radial flow, the small region of foam collapse very near the well greatly improves injectivity. The subsequent gas and liquid slugs behave near the wellbore, affecting injectivity, in a way similar to the first slugs. Thus, the behavior and modeling of the first gas slug and first subsequent liquid slug is representative of near-well behavior in an SAG process. The trends observed in our previous work are reproduced in a low-permeability field core.
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5

Adegboyega B. Ehinmowo and Ndubusi U. Okereke. "OPTIMIZATION OF RISERBASE GAS INJECTION FOR SLUG FLOW ATTENUATION." JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS 37, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51975/22370306.som.

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A new approach for the optimization of riserbase gas injection for slug flow attenuation has been proposed. Riserbase gas injection is an established method for slug flow mitigation, however it can be expensive due to the high volume of gas required and the cost of compression. In this study, optimum gas volumes required to stabilise a range of unstable slug flow conditions were obtained using bifurcation maps. The results showed that at the bifurcation point, minimum gas injection volume is required to achieve flow stability. This study established that the optimum gas volume required is dependent on the type of slug flow. For a very high frequency slug flow at high flow rate more volume of gas up to 100kg/s is required to achieve stability while slug flow at moderate flow rate could need up to 30kg/s and slug at low flow rate required about 6 kg/s to achieve stability. The developed approach in this work can help reduce the overall cost of gas injection for slug flow mitigation. Keywords: Slug attenuation; Bifurcation; Gas injection; slug flow; multiphase flow.
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6

Tuncharoen, Warut, and Falan Srisuriyachai. "Evaluation of Polymer Alternating Waterflooding in Multilayered Heterogeneous Waterflooded Reservoir." MATEC Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817104001.

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Polymer flooding is widely implemented to improve oil recovery since polymer can increase sweep efficiency and smoothen heterogeneous reservoir profile. However, polymer solution is somewhat difficult to be injected due to high viscosity and thus, water slug is recommended to be injected before and during polymer injection in order to increase an ease of injecting this viscous fluid into the wellbore. In this study, numerical simulation is performed to determine the most appropriate operating parameters to maximize oil recovery. The results show that pre-flushed water should be injected until water breakthrough while alternating water slug size should be as low as 5% of polymer slug size. Concentration for each polymer slugs should be kept constant and recommended number of alternative cycles is 2. Combining these operating parameters altogether contributes to oil recovery of 53.69% whereas single-slug polymer flooding provides only 53.04% which is equivalent to 8,000 STB of oil gain.
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7

Qian, Jin-yuan, Min-rui Chen, Zan Wu, Zhi-jiang Jin, and Bengt Sunden. "Effects of a Dynamic Injection Flow Rate on Slug Generation in a Cross-Junction Square Microchannel." Processes 7, no. 10 (October 18, 2019): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100765.

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Анотація:
The injection flow rates of two liquid phases play a decisive role in the slug generation of the liquid-liquid slug flow. However, most injection flow rates so far have been constant. In order to investigate the effects of dynamic injection flow rates on the slug generation, including the slug size, separation distance and slug generation cycle time, a transient numerical model of a cross-junction square microchannel is established. The Volume of Fluid method is adopted to simulate the interface between two phases, i.e., butanol and water. The model is validated by experiments at a constant injection flow rate. Three different types of dynamic injection flow rates are applied for butanol, which are triangle, rectangular and sine wave flow rates. The dynamic injection flow rate cycles, which are related to the constant slug generation cycle time t0, are investigated. Results show that when the cycle of the disperse phase flow rate is larger than t0, the slug generation changes periodically, and the period is influenced by the cycle of the disperse phase flow rate. Among the three kinds of dynamic disperse flow rate, the rectangular wave influences the slug size most significantly, while the triangle wave influences the separation distance and the slug generation time more prominently.
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8

Zhang, Ji Hong, Zhi Ming Zhang, Xi Ling Chen, Qing Bin He, and Jin Feng Li. "Study on Influence of Injection Method on the Effect of Oil Displacement of Nanometer Microspheres." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 1272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.1272.

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Анотація:
Nanometer microspheres injection is a new deep profile control technology. Nanometer microspheres could inflate with water, resulting in plugging step by step in reservoirs, which could improve the swept efficiency in the reservoir and enhance oil recovery. By using non-homogeneous rectangular core, oil displacement efficiency experiment was conducted for studying the influence of different injection methods on the effect of injection nanometer microspheres. The experimental result shows that, compared with development effect of single-slug injection or triple-slug injection, the one of double-slug injection is better. Nanometer microspheres can enhance oil recovery significantly in medium and low permeability reservoir.
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9

Zanganeh, M. Namdar, and W. R. R. Rossen. "Optimization of Foam Enhanced Oil Recovery: Balancing Sweep and Injectivity." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 16, no. 01 (January 30, 2013): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/163109-pa.

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Summary Foam is a means of improving sweep efficiency that reduces the gas mobility by capturing gas in foam bubbles and hindering its movement. Foam enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) techniques are relatively expensive; hence, it is important to optimize their performance. We present a case study on the conflict between mobility control and injectivity in optimizing oil recovery in a foam EOR process in a simple 3D reservoir with constrained injection and production pressures. Specifically, we examine a surfactant-alternating-gas (SAG) process in which the surfactant-slug size is optimized. The maximum oil recovery is obtained with a surfactant slug just sufficient to advance the foam front just short of the production well. In other words, the reservoir is partially unswept by foam at the optimum surfactant-slug size. If a larger surfactant slug is used and the foam front breaks through to the production well, productivity index (PI) is seriously reduced and oil recovery is less than optimal: The benefit of sweeping the far corners of the pattern does not compensate for the harm to PI. A similar effect occurs near the injection well: Small surfactant slugs harm injectivity with little or no benefit to sweep. Larger slugs give better sweep with only a modest decrease in injectivity until the foam front approaches the production well. In some cases, SAG is inferior to gasflood (Namdar Zanganeh 2011).
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10

Mohammadikharkeshi, Mobina, Ramin Dabirian, Ram S. Mohan, and Ovadia Shoham. "Experimental Study and Modeling of Slug Dissipation in a Horizontal Enlarged Impacting Tee-Junction." SPE Journal 25, no. 05 (June 1, 2020): 2508–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/190131-pa.

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Анотація:
Summary A novel experimental and theoretical study on slug dissipation in a horizontal enlarged impacting tee-junction (EIT) is carried out. Both flowing-slug injection and stationary-slug injection into the EIT are studied, and the effects of inlet slug length and liquid-phase fluid properties on the slug dissipation in the EIT are investigated. A total of 161 experimental data are acquired for air-water and air-oil flow. The flowing-slug data (with a horizontal inlet) show that the slug dissipation length increases with increasing mixture velocity, demonstrating a nonlinear trend with a steeper slope at lower mixture velocities. The effect of superficial gas velocity on the slug dissipation length is more pronounced compared with the effect of superficial liquid velocity. For stationary-slug injection into the EIT (with a 5° upward inclined inlet), the injected slug lengths vary between 40d to 100d (d is the inlet diameter). The data reveal that, when increasing the superficial gas velocity or the inlet slug size, the dissipation length in the EIT branches increases. For this case, the ratio of the slug dissipation length to the inlet slug length is higher for air-water compared with air-oil. A slug dissipation model is developed using the slug-tracking approach, which is based on the flow mechanisms of liquid shedding at the back of the slug and liquid drainage and penetration of bubble turning at the front of the slug. These phenomena result in different translational velocities at the back and the front of the slug, which result in the dissipation of the slug body. Evaluation of model predictions against the acquired experimental data shows an average absolute relative error of less than 11%.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Slug injection"

1

Cockcroft, Steven Lee. "High-pressure coal injection in the zinc slag fuming process." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26687.

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Zinc slag fuming is a kinetically controlled process based on the direct reduction of slag by entrained coal. The kinetics of the process are governed primarily by two factors: (1) the fraction of coal entrained in the slag, and (2) the rate of ferrous iron oxidation. A series of high-pressure coal injection trials have been completed at Cominco's lead smelter in Trail, British Columbia in order to facilitate increased coal entrainment. Fuming rates were increased substantially and over-all efficiencies were improved. These results are in direct contradiction to the predictions of models based on equilibrium. The kinetics based mathematical model of the zinc slag - fuming process originally developed by Richards and Brimacombe¹a has been modified to include the reduction and removal of lead from the furnace. A lead “prill” - slag reaction model has been formulated to account for the behaviour of liquid metallic lead. Analyses of the trial data with the modified model indicates that significant improvements in entrainment were achieved with high-pressure coal injection.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate
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2

David, Sergio Z. "A Practical Approach for Formation Damage Control in Both Miscible and Immiscible CO2 Gas Flooding in Asphaltenic Crude Systems Using Water Slugs and Injection Parameters." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10196386.

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CO2 flooding has proven to be an effective technique for enhanced oil recovery. However, the application of CO2 flooding in the recovery process of asphaltenic crude systems is often avoided, as high asphaltene precipitation rates may occur. While the effects of asphaltene concetration and CO2 injection pressure on asphaltene precipitation rate have been the focus of many studies, asphaltene precipitation rate is not a reliable factor to predict the magnitude of asphaltene-induced formation damage. Wettability alteration is only caused by the immobile asphaltene deposits on the rock surface. The enternmaint of flocs may occur at high fluid velocity. Morover, the effective permeability reduction is only caused by the flocs, which have become large enough to block the pore throats. The dissociation of the flocs may occur under certain flow conditions. In this study, a compositional reservoir simulation was conducted using Eclipse 300 to investigate the injection practice, which avoids asphaltene-induced formation damage during both immiscible and miscible CO2 flooding in asphaltenic crude system. Without injection, at pressure above bubble point, slight precipitation occurred in the zone of the lowest pressure near the producing well. As pressure approached the bubble point, precipitation increased due to the change in the hydrocarbon composition, which suggested that the potential of asphaltene-induced formation damage is determined by the overall fluid composition. At very low pressure, precipitation decreased due to the increase in the density.

As CO2 was injected below the minimum miscibility pressure, a slight precipitation occurred in the transition zone at the gas-oil interface due to the microscopic diffusion of the volatile hydrocarbon components caused by the local concentration gradients. The increase in CO2 injection rate did not significantly increase the precipitation rate.

As CO2 was injected at pressure above the minimum miscibility pressure, precipitation occurred throughout the entire reservoir due to the vaporizing drive miscibility process. While precipitation increased with the injection rate, further increase in the injection rate slightly decreased the deposition due to shear. The pressure drop in the water phase caused by the pore throat increased the local water velocity, resulting in a more effective removal of the clogging asphaltene material.

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3

Wang, Yu-chi, and 王毓麒. "Applying Six Sigma Approach and FMEA in Cold Slug Improvement of Plastic Injection Molding (A case study of S Company)." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52816471755934615181.

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Анотація:
碩士
國立中央大學
工業管理研究所碩士在職專班
100
Along with the continuously increasing cost of plastic raw materials, the injection molding industry has got into the Low-profit times. In spite of there are strong raw material R&D team and the outstanding product design ability. However, if it is no well control of process systematically and standardized, this strength will be nibbled away or even resulted of loss by producing too many waste and nonconforming products. Therefore, it is an urgent issue to enhance the material efficiency then reduce the defect rate in injection molding process. The purpose of this thesis is based on the S company’s historical defect data of injection molding to apply Six Sigma approach to implement measurement, Analysis, improvement, action drawing up and execution, and to use PFMEA to evaluate, control and standardize to avoid the reoccurrence of cold slug defect with its preventive characteristics. As the results of the analysis, it is defined an efficient improvement process to significantly reduce the cold slug defect of injection molding through this research. Furthermore, the improvement tracks can be left for company to implement and build up the PFMEA then do the knowledge management well of process improvement, it is also a practical training material for process members. We can further follow this improvement pattern to implement improvement for the other defect modes.
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4

Boechat, Chequer Larissa. "Particle Detachment in Single-Phase and Two-Phase Flows in Porous Media." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/124362.

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Hereby I present a PhD thesis by publications. This thesis includes seven journal papers, of which six have already been published in peer-reviewed journals and one has been submitted for publication and is presently under review. This thesis shows that the commonly used single particle-single surface Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) calculations do not always effectively predict particle detachment. Therefore, the mobilisation of clustered structures under particle-particle attraction is investigated. The critical detachment velocity of clusters is higher than for single colloids and provides better agreement with the laboratory results. The behaviour of particles and clusters was also investigated during drainage and imbibition in visualisation experiments. Particles remain on the air-water interfaces of residual liquid patches left behind the drainage front. Later, these particles join the imbibition front away from the substrate. In a previously dried channel, the vapour condensation ahead of the imbibition front detaches particles from the surface by a rising air-water interface. This thesis presents an extension of the traditional mathematical model for colloid transport by including equations for the particle re-attachment rate and the attached-concentration-dependency of permeability. The new model captures the effect of permeability increase due to colloid mobilisation and further re-attachment in stagnant zones of the porous space. This effect was observed during high-salinity water injection in cores with low kaolinite concentrations. This model is also extended to account for the presence of a residual phase. Compared with fines migration under single-phase flow, having a residual phase significantly reduces the permeability variation. Analytical solutions for over and undersaturated state of fines were also derived in this thesis. Oversaturation means that particles begin to detach as soon as the flow starts. In the undersaturated case, particle detachment occurs only with further increase in detaching torque or decrease in attaching torque. The derived models allow formulating the fingerprints for the flow of over and undersaturated fines in porous media. Novel analytical models for one-dimensional linear and axisymmetric suspension-colloidal transport accounting for fines detachment and capture were also derived. Laboratory experiments with low-salinity water injection were performed. The model coefficients obtained from laboratory data treatment were used for reliable laboratory-based prediction of well injectivity decline. The results show that fines migration during low-salinity water injection results in significant well injectivity impairment. The thesis also investigates low-salinity water slug injection followed by a high-salinity chase drive in a two layer-cake reservoir. The formation damage caused by fines mobilisation during low-salinity water injection diverts the injected water flux into low-permeability zones and enhances sweep efficiency. An optimal low-salinity slug size existed for all simulated cases. The optimal slug size is similar to the pore volume of the high-permeability layer. The analytical models derived in this thesis are applicable in numerous environmental and engineering processes, including the injection of low-salinity or hot water in a reservoir, ocean water invasion into aquifers, freshwater storage, and contamination of subterranean waters by viruses and bacteria. It also has many applications in hydrology and ecology, such as ground cleaning from non-aqueous phase liquids, remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater, and natural filtration of pathogenic microorganisms.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Australian School of Petroleum and Energy Resources, 2020
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5

Jaw, Ming-Ching, and 趙明欽. "Transition Zone of Slag-Cement Paste/Aggregate trough Dry-Mixed/ Steam-Injection Process." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37860048791939629645.

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Анотація:
碩士
國立交通大學
土木工程學系
84
This thesis studies the transition zone properties of slag- cement pasteand different types of aggregate (limestone,granite and Ottawa sand) bydry-mixed/steam-injection (DM/SI) process.The micro-properties of thetransition zone were investigated of DM/ SI specimens by means of SEM,EDAX and microhardness.By addition different silicate materials (quartzflour,rice husk ash and blast furnace slag) to the paste,and researchwere conducted to study their effects on it''s compressive strength.Testresults are indicated that:In the DM/SI process ,the bond strength betweenpaste and aggregate is extremely poor.By SEM observation ,the hydrated production on the facture surface between paste and aggregate has crystalform and loosly structure results in poor bond.Crystal silicate (quartzflour pass through no.200 sieve) increase the compressive strength of DM/SI paste specimens.The optimum amount of addition is about 30%.Mixingamorphouse silicate (blast furnace slag) with cement through DM/SI processyield samples with poor compressive strength.Both DM/SI method and wet-mixed method with higher microhardness near sand surface.This result isprobably due to crystal hydrated production form in this area.After DM/ SIprocess,the compressive strength of mortar specimens will decrease in the beginning 7 days,then the specimen slowly recover it''s strength.
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6

Chang, Tung-Yuan, and 張東源. "Compression Properties of Slag Cement Concrete Made by the Dry- Mix/Steam-Injection Procedure." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27183615093099781434.

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7

WENG, REN-HUANG, and 翁仁滉. "Hydration mechanisms and physical properties of slag-cement hardened through dry-mix/steam-injection process." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14805569612016377197.

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8

Yan, Jyh-Cherng, and 顏志成. "Strength Growth and Hydration Mechanisms of Various Fineness Slag-Cement Hardened througth Dry-Mix/Steam- Injection Process." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48282464109021062790.

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9

Tsai, Kun-chih, and 蔡坤志. "A study on the properties of cement-based crack injection materials modified by the slag and ultra-fine reactive fly ash." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/282c29.

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Книги з теми "Slug injection"

1

Lederer, Gregor. Rocket Engine on a Student Budget. Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.406.

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A technical project alongside the University courses can deepen the understanding and increase the motivation for the subject of choice. As a student, there is often a hurdle to start such a project because of a lack of inspiration. And even after overcoming this, the costs associated with such a project may put students off. With my project I show how a 3rd semester Mechanical Engineering student can design and manufacture a rocket engine with all testing components on a student budget. Cost structure and resource planning are explained in detail. I launched the project in December 2020 and in September 2021 it was presented at the StuFoExpo21. A general curiosity for the topic and a basic understanding of mechanical engineering was sufficient for starting the project. Importantly, I gained the most valuable knowledge during the implementation of the project, through active failure-iteration and reading specialised literature. The project is focussed on the design and manufacturing of a rocket engine and its testing components. A special feature is the cooling jacket of the combustion chamber. It has been 3D printed in the SLUB Makerspace, a facility at TU Dresden. Further work packages of the project were the programming of sensors and control systems, first open-air combustion tests of the injector head, safety checks and a Risk & Safety analysis. The first testing and other preliminary work were performed in collaboration with fellow students. During the entire design and manufacturing process I was in continuous exchange with the research group “Space Transportation” of the Institute of Aerospace Engineering at TU Dresden. Special thanks go to Dipl.-Ing. Jan Sieder-Katzmann and Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Buchholz for their help during this process. For 2022 I plan a test campaign of the rocket engine to collect sensor data and to perform engine thrust measurements.
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Частини книг з теми "Slug injection"

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Zhang, Jiashun, Xinghua Yang, Peikun Liu, Yuekan Zhang, and Zeling Diao. "Study on the Performance of Hydrocyclone for Desliming Lithium Slag by Water-Injection Flow Rate." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 175–85. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5783-3_14.

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Ling, Hongbin, Annelies Malfliet, Bart Blanpain, and Muxing Guo. "Evaporation of Antimony Trioxide from Antimony Slag by Nitrogen Injection in a Top-Submerged Lance Smelting Set-Up." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92388-4_13.

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Nuñez, D. A., M. A. Ramirez-Argaez, and A. N. Conejo. "Mathematical Modeling of Bottom Gas Injection in Industrial Metallurgical Ladles in the Presence of a Top Layer of Slag." In PRICM, 2941–48. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792148.ch364.

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Nuñez, D. A., M. A. Ramirez-Argaez, and A. N. Conejo. "Mathematical Modeling of Bottom Gas Injection in Industrial Metallurgical Ladles in the Presence of a Top Layer of Slag." In Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing, 2941–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48764-9_364.

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"Algorithm for Monitoring Impact of Intensity of Inert Gas Blowing to Visual Character of Molten Steel Surface." In Advances in Multimedia and Interactive Technologies, 180–86. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4896-8.ch014.

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Steel companies use a ladle furnace refining process. The main feature of this ladle technology exists in refining under non-oxidizing atmosphere and support of slag-metal reaction through stirring by Ar gas injection for a desired long time due to the temperature compensation by arc heating. A CCD camera, placed above the ladle, monitors the slag formation (so called eyes) that has a different temperature and therefore a different color than the metal. The automatic software capable of analyzing the homogeneity of the surface and characterizing features of the molten steel level such us presence of slag clusters is developed and presented in this chapter. The method for visual monitoring and automated retrieval of slag clusters taken from the CCD camera are described.
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Li, P., Q. Yu, Q. Qin, and W. Lei. "Influence of injection rate on coal gasification in molten blast furnace slag." In Frontiers of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 232–36. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13718-53.

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Witold, Brylicki, Malolepszy Jan, and Stryczek Stanislaw. "Industrial scale application of the alkali activated slag cementitious materials in the injection sealing works." In Studies in Environmental Science, 841–49. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-1116(08)71515-2.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Slug injection"

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Cole, Tanner, Ramin Dabirian, Mobina Mohammadikharkeshi, Ram Mohan, and Ovadia Shoham. "Dissipation of Injected Slug in Enlarged Impacting Tee in Single Branch Blocking Configuration." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5054.

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Abstract A novel Enlarged Impacting Tee-Junction (EIT), which introduces longer slugs to be dissipated utilizing “Single-Branch-Blocking” is studied experimentally and theoretically under stationary slug-injection conditions to further understand the dissipation mechanism through observation of longer slugs. The EIT test section is designed and constructed, which consists of one inlet pipe connected to a larger, perpendicular pipe allowing flow in both directions. The inlet is 4.6 m of 0.05 m diameter pipe, while the perpendicular “manifold” is 0.074 m in diameter and 5.5 m in length. In order to observe the dissipation of longer slugs, a modification is made to the Normal EIT configuration. The longer slugs in the EIT are generated by blocking one of the EIT branches, allowing flow in only the unblocked branch of the EIT. Thus, the entire injected slug (rather than half in the case of no blocking configuration) dissipates in the branch. For this configuration, stationary slugs are injected into the EIT with lengths of 40d, 50d, 60d, and 70d (with d being the inlet diameter). A total of 64 slug injection tests are conducted utilizing both air-water and air-oil flow. The experimental data show that slug dissipation has a nonlinear increasing relationship with mixture velocity. Furthermore, the data show that higher dissipation length is observed with air-water flow as compared to air-oil flow in the slug injection experiments due to higher shed slug volume of oil. Also, the acquired data are used to validate the EIT slug dissipation model developed by Mohammadikharkeshi (2018). For the Single-Branch-Blocking investigation, comparison between the acquired experimental data and the modified Mohammadikharkeshi (2018) Normal EIT model predictions reveals excellent comparison, with an average discrepancy of 12%.
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Lutchmansingh, P. M., C. Marietta, T. Ertekin, and J. H. Abou-Kassem. "Quantitative Analysis of Performance of Polymer Slug Injection." In SPE Eastern Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/18534-ms.

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Dai, Liming, and Yihe Zhang. "Influences of Water Injection Rate and Oil Length on Oil Slug Mobilization in a Capillary Model." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63242.

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In this paper, numerical research has been investigated for oil-water two-phase flow in a capillary model by software FLUENT. The flow behavior of the oil slug and the influences of both water injection rate and oil slug length have been considered. Results indicate that numerical model performs well in simulating oil slug shape variation; meanwhile, the maximum driven pressure magnitude is proportional to the water injection rate and the oil slug length, and the flow time is inversely proportional to the water injection rate.
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Ide, Hideo, Ryuji Kimura, and Masahiro Kawaji. "Effect of Inlet Geometry on Adiabatic Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Microchannel." In ASME 2007 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2007-30141.

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An optical measurement system and video camera were used to investigate gas-liquid two-phase flow characteristics in a circular microchannel of 100 μm diameter. By cross correlating the signals from two pairs of optical fibers and infrared photodiodes, void fraction and the lengths and velocities of gas slugs and liquid slugs were measured. The data were obtained using a T-junction with the same internal diameter as the microchannel but the lengths of the gas and liquid injection lines between the T-junction and flow control valves were quite different. The presence of a large compressible gas volume upstream of the T-junction had a significant effect on the two-phase flow characteristics in the microchannel, typified by the void fraction data. The two-phase flow characteristics in the absence of a compressible gas volume were analysed to obtain the liquid slug length and velocity data. The liquid slug velocity was found to be dependent on the slug length, since longer slugs experienced greater friction effects and moved with much slower velocities than the shorter liquid slugs.
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Huang, Bin, and Cheng Fu. "Laboratory Experiment Research on Multi-slug Alternative Injection Method of Polymer Flooding." In 2016 7th International Conference on Mechatronics, Control and Materials (ICMCM 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmcm-16.2016.65.

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Zhang, Liqin. "Analysis on the Effect of High Concentration Slug before Stopping Polymer Injection." In 2018 6th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology (ICMMCT 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmct-18.2018.59.

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Zhou, Nancy Chun, Meng Lu, Yajun Liu, Jianshen Li, Fuchen Liu, Wenhong Li, Xinwei Wu, et al. "Pilot Tests of Enhanced Oil Recovery by Integrating Conformance Control Treatment and Surfactant Flooding for Low Permeability Reservoirs." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211472-ms.

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Abstract For fractured low permeability reservoirs, there are challenges to enhance oil recovery after water flooding with high water cut contents. Because of unsatisfied surfactant polymer flooding, we explored the integrated EOR techniques of conformance control treatment and surfactant flooding. This paper analyzes the results of pilot tests with four injectors and 16 producers and concludes the effectiveness of integrated EOR techniques. Based on lab results of conformance control core flooding tests and surfactant based chemical EOR reservoir core flooding experiments, we did pilot simulation studies to develop pilot design parameters. Then through history match and detailed compositional simulation, we made EOR integrated technology design and compared several injection scenarios by predicting the potential performance. Finally, an integrated EOR technique with two conformance control treatments and surfactant flooding was selected and executed for three injectors in the interested pilot block. For the fourth injector, only surfactant flooding was used to compare. Lab results of conformance control core flooding tests showed the efficiency of plugging and a good fluid diversion performance of conformance polymer agents. Surfactant based chemical EOR reservoir core flooding experiments resulted from 70% to 98% residual crude oil recovery. The experimental data obtained was implemented in a numerical simulator model to find the potential incremental recovery associated with conformance control treatments and chemical flooding. A refined sector model used to further evaluate the effect of them. Positive simulation results boost pilot tests. Five fluid injection slugs including the cleaning slug, pre-flooding slug, near wellbore plugging slug, in deep conformance control slug, and surfactant flooding slug were run for three injectors in the range of eight to ten months of treatment. In the interested pilot block, the monthly decreasing rate of oil production dropped from 3.58% before treatment to −1.04% during treatment. Comparing the oil production data from the fourth injector with those from other three injectors, we observed monthly oil production rate increases from 4.25% to 7%. These results highlighted the importance of conducting a conformance control treatment before surfactant flooding, especially in fractured low permeability reservoirs. The results of pilot tests in this work shed light on designing integrated EOR techniques. These positive results of controlled high water cut and improving oil production are promising enough to go towards a larger field project.
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Tandon, Apoorv, Fahad Khan, Raman Shukla, Amit Saxena, Shivanjali Sharma, and Koushik Guha Biswas. "3-D Micromodel for Visualization & Experimental Analysis of Flow Behavior, Surface Tension and Polymer Concentration on Enhanced Oil Recovery." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31352-ms.

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Abstract Oil recovery is a complex process involving physical and chemical interactions within the pore spaces of the reservoir. The oil recovery improves by injecting viscous and wettability-altering fluids into the reservoir. The present work aims to study the improvement in the recovery using surfactant polymer (SP) slug and discuss the mechanisms behind the oil mobilization process by visualizing the oil recovery using a glass tube filled with glass beads. Fluids were injected using a syringe pump, and the interaction of the fluid was visualized using a high-speed camera. Initially, the oil was displaced using brine which was followed by the injection of SP slug formulated using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) and Poly Acrylamide (PAM). The effect of the composition of the slug was studied at different concentrations 125ppm, 250ppm, 375ppm, and 500ppm. After that, the effect of flow rate of SP slug on the oil recovery process was explored. Colored non-interacting dyes aided the visualization in the glass model. Images of the oil recovery process were captured to examine the fluid displacement mechanism during SP flooding. The total oil recovery increases from 73.33% to 83.33%, as the polymer concentration was increased gradually from 125 ppm to 500 ppm at a flow rate of 100 µL/min which further increases to 90% for 500 ppm slug at 500 µL/min of flow rate. High-quality magnified images from the camera captured the flow path of each fluid injected through the glass bead-packed channel. The effect of various forces like capillary, gravity, and viscous forces were visualized and analyzed. The pore throat and pore-diameter calculations were done using the software. The low viscous slug was subjected to higher gravity force, rendering it ineffective in displacing the oil present at the channel's top. The gravity segregation was overpowered by high viscous slugs that mobilized the oil present in the channel. The understanding and analysis of the fluid motion under oil-brine interaction and SP slug-oil interactions was studied. The study helps improve the techno-economic feasibility of the whole recovery process by limiting the use of chemicals and maximizing the oil recovery in a controlled manner.
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Wu, H. Y., Ping Cheng, Billy Chin-Pang Siu, and Yi-Kuen Lee. "Alternating Condensation Flow Patterns in Microchannels." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2004-2394.

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A simultaneous visualization and measurement experiment was carried out to investigate condensation flow patterns of steam flowing through an array of parallel microchannels with a hydraulic diameter of 82.8 μm and a length of 30mm in a <100> silicon wafer. These microchannels were covered with a thin transparent pyrex glass from the top that enabled the visualization of flow patterns in the test section. The degassed and deionized water steam flowing in the microchannels was cooled by cooling water of 8°C at the bottom of the wafer. Experiments were performed for different inlet pressures while the outlet pressure was maintained at a value of 105Pa (the atmospheric pressure). When the inlet pressure was decreased to the value of 1.45×105Pa and the corresponding mass flux was decreased to 23.6g/cm2s, a succession of droplet/injection/slug-bubble flow was observed in the microchannels. Under this condition, the upstream, midstream, and downstream of the microchannels were occupied by the droplet flow, injection flow, and slug-bubble flow, respectively. This concurring droplet/injection/slug-bubble flow appeared periodically in the microchannels that caused large fluctuations of wall temperatures and fluid temperatures with respect to time. The droplet/injection/slug-bubble flow pattern in microchannels has never been reported in the literature.
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Gavritas, Mirela, and Brian G. Woods. "FR Number Effect on Downcomer Flowpattern Development in Cold Leg Injection Scenarios." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22728.

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In addition to acquiring data for code verification, the recent rapid Boron dilution (RBD) test program at the University of Maryland 2×4 Thermalhydraulic Loop Facility (UM 2×4 Loop) aimed to resolve several issues related to physical phenomena that can affect the reboration of a boron dilute slug as it travels to the core. Among these issues, confirmation was sought that buoyancy plays a minimal role in the mixing of the slug as it travels through the downcomer. The tests showed, however, that the Froude (Fr) number substantially impacts the downcomer flowpattern. The slug distribution in the downcomer clearly changes from penetrating downwards along a single jet when the Fr number is smaller than approximately 6 to splitting into two jets that form a stagnation region under the injection site when Fr exceeds approximately 10. This observation was initially made evaluating the evolution histories of Fr numbers throughout individual tests. Closer examination of a broad family of tests showed that the flowpattern can actually be predicted based on Fr numbers determined from initial and boundary test conditions. Even though global figures of merit for mixing, e.g., azimuthally averaged scalar descriptors of mixing at a horizontal level of the downcomer, are only weakly affected by Fr number changes, this finding has substantial implications to the computational assessment of rapid Boron-dilution (RBD) consequences. A thorough understanding of the flow field is an essential prerequisite in computational fluid dynamics modeling.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Slug injection"

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Casademunt, Jaume. Injection of Nucleate-Boiling Slug Flows into a Heat Exchange Chamber in Microgravity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626943.

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Sharma, G. D. Study of hydrocarbon miscible solvent slug injection process for improved recovery of heavy oil from Schrader Bluff pool, Milne Point Unit, Alaska. Quarterly report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10138057.

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Sharma, G. D. Study of hydrocarbon miscible solvent slug injection process for improved recovery of heavy oil from Schrader Bluff Pool, Milne Point Unit, Alaska. [Quarterly] report, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10152752.

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Sharma, G. D. Study of hydrocarbon miscible solvent slug injection process for improved recovery of heavy oil from Schrader Bluff Pool, Milne Point Unit, Alaska. [Quarterly] report, January 1, 1994--March 31, 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160651.

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Sharma, G. D. Study of hydrocarbon miscible solvent slug injection process for improved recovery of heavy oil from Schrader Bluff Pool, Milne Point Unit, Alaska. Annual report, December 1, 1992--December 31, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160654.

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Sharma, G. D. Study of hydrocarbon miscible solvent slug injection process for improved recovery of heavy oil from Schrader Bluff Pool, Milne Point Unit, Alaska. Annual report, January 1, 1994--December 31, 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/83852.

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S. Street, K.S. Coley, and G.A. Iron. AISI/DOE Technology Roadmap Program: Removal of Residual Elements in The Steel Ladle by a Combination of Top Slag and Deep Injection Practice. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799244.

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Study of hydrocarbon miscible solvent slug injection process for improved recovery of heavy oil from Schrader Bluff Pool, Milne Point Unit, Alaska. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/188915.

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