Статті в журналах: "Sliced cone"

1

Luo, Hongliang, Yu Jin, Keiya Nishida, Youichi Ogata, Jing Yao, and Run Chen. "Microscopic characteristics of impinging spray sliced by a cone structure under increased injection pressures." Fuel 284 (January 2021): 119033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119033.

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2

Sulistyorini, Yunis. "GESTUR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MATERI IRISAN KERUCUT DAN KOORDINAT POLAR." SUPERMAT (JURNAL PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA) 3, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33627/sm.v3i1.147.

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Gestures played a role in the learning of mathematics, especially in the Sliced Cone and Polar Coordinates material. Educators gestures associated with conceptual planning of the explanations and is the embodiment of knowledge and understanding of educators associated with the material being studied. The educators’ gestures were pointing gestures, representations and writing. Gestures appeared at the planning stage, especially the activities of peer teaching and learning implementation. Both of two steps related to the implementation of lesson study in math learning. Gestures accompanied explanations educators help to clarify, explain, and emphasize mathematical concepts in the material being studied.

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3

Ho, Hsing-Hao, Ya-Hui Li, Jih-Chin Lee, Chih-Wei Wang, Yi-Lin Yu, Dueng-Yuan Hueng, Hsin-I. Ma, Hsian-He Hsu, and Chun-Jung Juan. "Vestibular schwannomas: Accuracy of tumor volume estimated by ice cream cone formula using thin-sliced MR images." PLOS ONE 13, no. 2 (February 13, 2018): e0192411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192411.

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4

Shankar, Shreya, Stephen Macke, Sarah Chasins, Andrew Head, and Aditya Parameswaran. "Bolt-on, Compact, and Rapid Program Slicing for Notebooks." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 15, no. 13 (September 2022): 4038–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3565838.3565855.

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Computational notebooks are commonly used for iterative workflows, such as in exploratory data analysis. This process lends itself to the accumulation of old code and hidden state, making it hard for users to reason about the lineage of, e.g., plots depicting insights or trained machine learning models. One way to reason about code used to generate various notebook data artifacts is to compute a program slice , but traditional static approaches to slicing can be both inaccurate (failing to contain relevant code for artifacts) and conservative (containing unnecessary code for an artifacts). We present nbslicer, a dynamic slicer optimized for the notebook setting whose instrumentation for resolving dynamic data dependencies is both bolt-on (and therefore portable) and switchable (allowing it to be selectively disabled in order to reduce instrumentation overhead). We demonstrate Nbslicer's ability to construct small and accurate backward slices (i.e., historical cell dependencies) and forward slices (i.e., cells affected by the "rerun" of an earlier cell), thereby improving reproducibility in notebooks and enabling faster reactive re-execution, respectively. Comparing nbslicer with a static slicer on 374 real notebook sessions, we found that nbslicer filters out far more superfluous program statements while maintaining slice correctness, giving slices that are, on average, 66% and 54% smaller for backward and forward slices, respectively.

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5

Liang, Jiahao, Ziyang Hu, Dantong Cao, Ya Cao, Xin Xie, Antian Gao, Zhiyong Wang, and Zitong Lin. "Establishment of Narrow Root Fracture Models Using Modified Temperature Cycling Method and Diagnosis Using Different Cone-Beam CT Units." Scanning 2022 (July 14, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3636795.

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Aim. Using a modified thermal cycling method to establish narrow root fracture models and evaluate the diagnosis efficiency of them using four different cone-beam CT (CBCT) units. Methodology. Fifty-six intact teeth were selected, and the crowns of the teeth were embedded using general purpose acrylic resin. 50 root fracture models were established by soaking these teeth in liquid nitrogen and hot water cyclically; 6 teeth were used as the negative control. All the 56 teeth were scanned with the smallest voxel size of four different CBCT units (NewTom VGi, Planmeca Promax 3D Max, Kavo 3D eXam, and Soredex Scanora3D). 10 teeth were randomly selected, and the roots were sliced using slow-speed saw to obtain horizontal root sections. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to measure the width of the fracture lines (FLs). The CBCT images were evaluated for the presence or absence of fracture lines. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the diagnosis of FLs using the four CBCT units. Results. Fifty narrow root fracture models were successfully established, and 25 root sections with 45 FLs were acquired. The width of FLs was from 3.43 μm to 143 μm; 32.2% of the points had width under 25 μm, while only 9.6% of them had width over 75 μm. The accuracy was 0.41, 0.54, 0.41, and 0.30 for NewTom VGi, Planmeca Promax 3D Max, Kavo 3D eXam, and Soredex Scanora3D, respectively. Conclusions. The modified temperature cycling method is a simple and effective method to establish narrow root fracture models, and the diagnosis efficiency for these narrow fracture lines was quite poor using all the four different CBCT units.

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Nayak, Ankit, Prashant K. Jain, PK Kankar, and Niharika Jain. "Computer-aided design–based guided endodontic: A novel approach for root canal access cavity preparation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 232, no. 8 (July 17, 2018): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411918788104.

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In cases of teeth with unusual morphology like calcified pulp canal, guided endodontic treatment is suggested. An endodontic guide which navigates burs according to a preplanned path is used. Existing approaches of endodontic guide design are based on visual observation and analysis of tomographic scan of teeth. Hence, they are time-consuming and expert-dependent. Computer-aided design–based methodology was employed to design and fabricate a customized endodontic guide. A cone beam computed tomographic scan with MIMICS software was used to create a solid model of the teeth. The solid model generated was sliced through the developed program in MATLAB. The geometric centers of consecutive slices were joined to plot the root canals central axis. To gauge the optimum bur angulation for guide design, a straight line fitted in the data set of the geometric center helped create minimally invasive access. Methodology involved simulated verification of the drill path to judge the accuracy and feasibility of root canal access cavity preparation. Next, endodontic guides for extracted teeth were designed and fabricated using a three-dimensional printer, followed by guided root canal access cavity preparation for extracted teeth. To validate the proposed methodology, using a MATLAB image processing tool box, the deviation between the prepared root canal access cavity axis and root canal axis was analyzed in radiographs of post-treated teeth. The deviation between the tool path axis and root canal axis in simulated root canals was found to be not more than 0.210 ± 0.04 mm. The deviation between the axis of the planned root canal access cavity and the prepared root canal access cavity was 0.07 ± 0.02 mm. The proposed method reveals encouraging results for endodontic guide design.

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7

Hasegawa, Masumi, Hiroyuki Okamura, and Yasushi Hano. "Nondestructive prediction of fire performance in fire retardant-treated wood using x-ray computed tomography." BioResources 17, no. 4 (October 2022): 6900–6909. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.4.6900-6909.

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The fire performance of fire retardant-treated wood can be evaluated based on how much of the chemical retardant is used. Therefore, methods for identifying chemical content in wood are needed. Stereo images of wood samples before and after the fire retardant treatment were captured using micro-focus X-ray computed tomography. Image brightness values, indicating concentration, were calculated using binarized images sliced from the X-ray images. Changes in integrated brightness values before and after treatment showed a strong positive correlation with chemical content at a 1% significance level. The chemical content of the retardant-treated wood was predicted based on the relationship between the two. The predicted values were in agreement with the values measured using the leaching method. Fire performance tests of the fire retardant-treated wood were conducted using a cone calorimeter. The treated wood was classified as fire-retardant and non-combustible wood. In addition, the fire performance predicted by the relationship between changes in integrated brightness values and chemical content agreed with the classification by the fire performance test. These findings suggest that X-ray computed tomography can be potentially used to predict the chemical content of fire retardant-treated wood.

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8

LIPCSEI, LAUREN E., LAURA G. BROWN, E. RICKAMER HOOVER, BRENDA V. FAW, NICOLE HEDEEN, BAILEY MATIS, DAVID NICHOLAS, and DANNY RIPLEY. "Retail Deli Slicer Inspection Practices: An EHS-Net Study." Journal of Food Protection 81, no. 5 (April 11, 2018): 799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-407.

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ABSTRACT The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 3,000 people die in the United States each year from foodborne illness, and Listeria monocytogenes causes the third highest number of deaths. Risk assessment data indicate that L. monocytogenes contamination of particularly delicatessen meats sliced at retail is a significant contributor to human listeriosis. Mechanical deli slicers are a major source of L. monocytogenes cross-contamination and growth. In an attempt to prevent pathogen cross-contamination and growth, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) created guidance to promote good slicer cleaning and inspection practices. The CDC's Environmental Health Specialists Network conducted a study to learn more about retail deli practices concerning these prevention strategies. The present article includes data from this study on the frequency with which retail delis met the FDA recommendation that slicers should be inspected each time they are properly cleaned (defined as disassembling, cleaning, and sanitizing the slicer every 4 h). Data from food worker interviews in 197 randomly selected delis indicate that only 26.9% of workers (n = 53) cleaned and inspected their slicers at this frequency. Chain delis and delis that serve more than 300 customers on their busiest day were more likely to have properly cleaned and inspected slicers. Data also were collected on the frequency with which delis met the FDA Food Code provision that slicers should be undamaged. Data from observations of 685 slicers in 298 delis indicate that only 37.9% of delis (n = 113) had slicers that were undamaged. Chain delis and delis that provide worker training were more likely to have slicers with no damage. To improve slicer practices, food safety programs and the retail food industry may wish to focus on worker training and to focus interventions on independent and smaller delis, given that these delis were less likely to properly inspect their slicers and to have undamaged slicers.

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9

Ueng, Shyh-Kuang, Hsuan-Kai Huang, and Hsin-Cheng Huang. "A G-Code Generator for Volumetric Models." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (September 15, 2019): 3868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183868.

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In layered manufacturing (LM), slicers are employed to convert input geometric models into G-codes. Conventional slicers accept only surface models as input data. Thus, volumetric models have to be converted into polygonal representations to fit the data format of the slicers. This results in extra computational costs and geometric errors. In this article, we present an efficient slicer aiming to generate G-codes for volumetric models. At first, our slicer computes the printing direction by exploring the inertia tensor of the input model to enhance the stability of the printed part and to decrease the build time. Then, it detects and classifies overhangs in the input model and generates necessary support structures by using a pattern-based method. Thirdly, the proposed slicer divides the input model into the skin and internal regions and cuts the model into 2D images. Subsequently, these images are transformed into toolpaths by utilizing texture mapping and graph traversal methods. Finally, the resultant toolpaths are smoothed to reduce staircases and encoded into G-codes. Test results verify that the proposed slicer produces decent G-codes for volumetric models. Scanned objects hidden in volume data can be directly manufactured without generating intermediate polygonal representations. LM processes become more efficient.

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10

Han, Yi, Chu Na Wu, and Kang Zhao. "Research on Multi-Thread Schedule Algorithm of the Adjusted Pressure Casting Control System." Advanced Materials Research 462 (February 2012): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.462.246.

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Research and analyze the multi-thread schedule methods of the adjusted pressure casting control system deeply. Present an analysis method of related slice graphs based on the code slice and a theory of code subdivision based on the slice granularity and time slice. Then strictly divide the program of control system based on the time slice and obtain the strategies of event driven schedule and time slice schedule by analyzing the casting system. Subsequently, subdivide and recombine the multi-thread program slices based on the priority of the schedule strategies in control system. The control system was applied to the TYM-1 adjusted pressure casting system and the preferable effect is acquired.

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Awad, Khalil, Mohammad Abdallah, Abdelfatah Tamimi, Amir Ngah, and Hanadi Tamimi. "A proposed forward clause slicing application." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i1.pp1-6.

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The Clause slicing technique is static slicing techniques which also have forward and backward slicing methods. The Clause slice criteria are the clause and the clause number. In this paper, we have discussed the Clauser tool the forward clause slicing tool introduce some improvements to it. The Clauser mechanism divides the program code statement into clauses, depending on clause slicing rules, identifies the variables and built-in functions, then slices the clauses regarding the slice criterion that was entered by the user. Comparing to other static slicing techniques the clause slicing is more accurate and precise because it considers all the code in micro-level, where it focuses on every syntax in the code. The Clauser still needs to be enhanced to slice more code features.

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Chen, Liang-Hua, and Chih-Wen Su. "Video Caption Extraction Using Spatio-Temporal Slices." International Journal of Image and Graphics 18, no. 02 (April 2018): 1850009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467818500092.

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Captions in videos play an important role for video indexing and retrieval. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to extract multilingual captions from video. Our approach is based on the analysis of spatio-temporal slices of video. If the horizontal (or vertical) scan line contains some pixels of caption region then the corresponding spatio-temporal slice will have bar-code like patterns. By integrating the structure information of bar-code like patterns in horizontal and vertical slices, the spatial and temporal positions of video captions can be located accurately. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and outperforms some existing techniques.

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Saini, Vikram, Tariq Jaber, James D. Como, Keith Lejeune, and Nitin Bhanot. "623. Exploring ‘Slicer Dicer’, an Extraction Tool in EPIC, for Clinical and Epidemiological Analysis." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S414—S415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.821.

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Abstract Background Electronic Health Record (EHR) implementation has created an unprecedented library of patient data. Data extraction tools provide an opportunity to retrieve clinico-epidemiological information on a wide scale. Slicer Dicer is a data exploration tool in the EPIC EHR that allows one to customize searches on large patient populations. This software contains a variety of models that present de-identified information from EPIC’s Caboodle database. We explored the applicability and potential utility of this tool utilizing the diagnosis of Lyme disease as an example. Methods The following steps outline an overview of data extraction utilizing ICD-10 codes around Lyme disease at our health system. Step 1-3: Denominator chosen as ‘All Patients’ over a 3-year period, ‘Slicing’ of the data by ‘Lyme disease, unspecified’ was applied to these results, and the ‘sliced’ data was categorized by year of diagnosis (Slide 1). Step 4: This data was further arranged by month of diagnosis for trend analysis (Slide 2). Step 5: Sub-diagnosis was applied for Lyme arthritis (Slide 3). Step 6: Further ‘slicing’ was/can be done by other variables, such as ‘Hospitalization,’ ‘Encounter Diagnosis,’ and ‘ED Diagnosis’ (Slide 4). Step 7-8: Output was ‘sliced’ by ‘Age’ (Slide 5) and ‘Postal Code’ (Slide 6). Slide 1. EPIC EHR screen capture showing 3-year period data Data shown here represents 'All patients' chosen as the denominator further sliced by 'Lyme disease, unspecified' and categorized by the year of diagnosis. Slide 2. EPIC EHR screen capture showing data further arranged by month of diagnosis Results Macro-level data of period prevalence on Lyme disease over 3 years (Slide 1), seasonal trends (Slide 2), specific sub-diagnosis (Slide 3), output by setting of diagnosis (Slide 4), and demographic information of our patient population (Slides 5, 6) was revealed by application of these parameters. Slide 3. EPIC EHR screen capture showing application of sub-diagnosis for Lyme arthritis Slide 4. EPIC EHR screen capture showing further slicing by multiple variables like hospitalization and diagnosis Slide 5. EPIC EHR screen capture showing slicing of data by demographic information (Age) Conclusion Slicer Dicer can provide a snapshot for preliminary data analysis prior to investing time and commitment to a project. The appeal of this tool is that it mines de-identified data and thus does not require initial IRB approval. This opens an avenue for potential full research projects based on the results obtained and helps generate preliminary hypotheses through analysis of healthcare. Slide 6. EPIC EHR screen capture showing slicing of data by demographic information (Postal Code) Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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14

Nemeth, Sandor, and Muddappa Gowda. "The cone of Z-transformations on Lorentz cone." Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra 35 (February 1, 2019): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/1081-3810.4083.

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In this paper, the structural properties of the cone of $\calz$-transformations on the Lorentz cone are described in terms of the semidefinite cone and copositive/completely positive cones induced by the Lorentz cone and its boundary. In particular, its dual is described as a slice of the semidefinite cone as well as a slice of the completely positive cone of the Lorentz cone. This provides an example of an instance where a conic linear program on a completely positive cone is reduced to a problem on the semidefinite cone.

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15

Zhang, Xiaoli, and Ziying Yu. "Pathological analysis of hesperetin-derived small cell lung cancer by artificial intelligence technology under fiberoptic bronchoscopy." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 18, no. 6 (2021): 8538–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2021423.

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<abstract> <p>Lung cancer is one of the most common tumors. There are 1.8 million new cases worldwide each year, accounting for about 13% of all new tumors. Lung cancer is the most important cause of cancer-related deaths. 1.4 million people die of lung cancer each year. This article uses artificial intelligence technology to analyze the pathology of hesperetin-derived small cell lung cancer under fiberoptic bronchoscopy. This article takes 48 lung slice samples as the research object. Among them, 36 cases of lung small cell carcinoma have history slices from Lhasa City Institute of Biology, the patient has complete cases, and the other 12 normal lung slices come from Xinjiang Biotechnology Laboratory. In this paper, the above-mentioned 36 lung cancer slices became the study group, and 12 normal slices became the reference group. This article presents a method for hesperetin-fiber bronchoscope to study the pathological mechanism of lung small cell carcinoma (H-FBS), which is used to study slices. The above-mentioned 48 samples were taken for slice observation. First, the 48 slices were technically tested by artificial intelligence fiber bronchoscope combined with hesperetin derivatives, and then the slice observation results were verified by CTC technology. In addition, in each step, the C5orf34 in the tissue is detected separately, which is beneficial to adjust the content of C5orf34 so that the treatment of lung cancer can control the development of lung cancer under fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Experimental results show that the diagnostic accuracy rate of this method is 97.9%, which is higher than that of lung biopsy (89%); compared with multiple CTC detection, the cost is low and the time is shor.</p> </abstract>

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16

Pani, Santosh Kumar, and G. B. Mund. "Property Based Dynamic Slicing of Object Oriented Programs." International Journal of Software Engineering and Technologies (IJSET) 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijset.v1i2.4570.

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Slicing is used for program analysis. It the process of extracting the statements of a program that are relevant to a given computation. Static slicing generates slices for all possible execution of a program helping in program understanding, verification, maintenance and testing. Dynamic slices are smaller in size as they extract slices for a given execution of a program and helps in interactive applications like debugging and testing. With the wide spread use of object oriented software, there are many papers on Dynamic Slicing of object oriented programs but few papers only address in details about the most basic features of Object Oriented Programming that is class definition, Object creation, accessing object through reference, invoking methods of a class , polymorphism, inheritance etc. From last three decades many algorithms have been designed to slice a program with respect to the syntax of the program. The real world object oriented programs consists of thousands of lines of code. Traditional Syntax based slices for program variables used at many places in a program are generally large even for dynamic slices. Recently, some work has been done to get slices based on abstract/concrete properties of program variables. For smooth debugging and testing, the slice will be small if any particular property is being considered (semantics based). Most of the semantics based slicing algorithms have focused on finding static slices on the abstract properties by using SSA as intermediate representation and extract slices by storing an execution trace of a program. To the best of our knowledge generating dynamic slices based on abstract/Concrete properties of program variables is scarcely reported in literature. In this paper we present an algorithm for generating dynamic abstract slices of object oriented programs addressing all key object oriented features.

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17

Liu, Botong, Yan Yang, Haitao Sun, and Zhenrong Sun. "Dissociative Ionization and Coulomb Explosion of Molecular Bromocyclopropane in an Intense Femtosecond Laser Field." Molecules 23, no. 12 (November 27, 2018): 3096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123096.

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The dissociative ionization and Coulomb explosion of molecular bromocyclopropane (BCP) has been experimentally investigated by time-of-flight mass spectrum and dc-slice imaging technology. The sliced 2D images, kinetic energy releases and angular distributions of the fragment ions are obtained under the intense femtosecond laser fields (8.0 × 1013–2.0 × 1014 W/cm2). The results indicated that the low kinetic energy release (KER) components come from dissociative ionization of BCP+, while the high KER components come from Coulomb explosion of BCP2+. The chemical reaction path of BCP+ has been calculated by ab initio calculation, furthermore, the C-Br bond cleavage involved Coulomb explosion channels have been revealed, and the corresponding dehydrogenation mechanism has been confirmed.

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18

Zoghi, M., M. S. Hefzy, K. C. Fu, and W. T. Jackson. "A Three-Dimensional Morphometrical Study of the Distal Human Femur." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 206, no. 3 (September 1992): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_282_02.

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The objective of this paper is to present a method to describe the three-dimensional variations of the geometry of the three portions forming the distal part of the human femur: the medial and lateral femoral condyles and the intercondylar fossa. The contours of equally spaced sagittal slices were digitized on the distal femur to determine its surface topography. Data collection was performed using a digitizer system which utilizes low-frequency, magnetic field technology to determine the position and orientation of a magnetic field sensor in relation to a specified reference frame. The generalized reduced gradient optimization method was used to reconstruct the profile of each slice utilizing two primitives: straight-line segments and circular arcs. The profile of each slice within the medial femoral condyle was reconstructed using two circular arcs: posterior and distal. The profile of each slice within the lateral femoral condyle was reconstructed using three circular arcs: posterior, distal and anterior. Finally, the profile of each slice within the intercondylar fossa was reconstructed using two circular arcs: proximal-posterior and anterior, and a distal-posterior straight-line segment tangent to the proximal-posterior circular arc. Combining the data describing the profiles of the different slices forming the distal femur, the posterior portions of each of the medial and lateral femoral condyles were modelled using parts of spheres having an average radius of 20 mm. The anterior portion of the lateral condyle was approximated to a right cylinder having its circular base parallel to the sagittal plane with an average radius of 26 mm. The anterior portion of the intercondylar fossa was modelled using an oblique cylinder having its circular base parallel to the sagittal plane with an average radius of 22 mm. Furthermore, it is suggested that the distal portion of the lateral femoral condyle could be modelled using parts of two oblique cones while the distal portion of the medial femoral condyle could be modelled using a part of a single oblique cone, all cones having their circular bases parallel to the sagittal plane. It is also suggested that the posterior portion of the intercondylar fossa could be modelled using two oblique cones: a proximal cone having its base parallel to the sagittal plane and a distal cone having its base parallel to the frontal plane.

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Pan, Lin, and Chun Han. "Autoclaved Fly Ash-Lime Brick Wall of the Proposed Shear Strength Formula." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1906–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1906.

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In this paper, the author by 12 slices fly ash brick masonry wall (solid brick and cork brick) slice, 2 slices of sintering ordinary brick masonry wall under cyclic horizontal and vertical loading experiment (including different normal stress, different mortar strength, and presence of post) is given, according to three of the most popular theory. The author suggest the autoclaved fly ash brick masonry proposed formula with Changsha university of science and technology, and Chongqing university the relative test data after that compared, autoclaved fly ash brick wall shear strength calculation formula is recommended. The method of the present paper may provide an important reference to engineering design as well as code revision.

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20

Brito, J. A., H. Han, J. D. Stanley, M. Hao, and D. W. Dickson. "First Report of Laurel Oak as a Host for the Pecan Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, in Florida." Plant Disease 97, no. 1 (January 2013): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-12-0201-pdn.

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Roots of laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia Michx.), member of the family Fagaceae, were found to be heavily galled by the pecan root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, in two separate home gardens between 2010 and 2012, in Alachua Co., FL. Distinct round galls were observed on secondary and tertiary roots. Internally, root-knot nematode females were clearly visible when the roots were thinly sliced and egg masses were seen protruding from the root surfaces. The nematode species identification was performed using morphology of the male stylet, selected characters of the second-stage juveniles (J2), female perineal patterns, and esterase (EST) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh) isozyme phenotypes. Morphology of perineal patterns of females, body, stylet, and tail length of the J2 and males all matched those of the original description of M. partityla (2). A swollen deeply grooved rectum was observed in the J2. The male stylet had a blunt tip with a prominent thickening at the junction between the cone and shaft. The stylet knobs of males and females were bipartite, each incised by a deep medium longitudinal groove (2). The isozyme phenotypes (EST = Mp3; Mdh = N1a) were consistent with those previously reported for M. partityla from Florida (1). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (3) and ribosomal internal transcriber spacer (ITS) DNA (4) of females were amplified to further confirm the nematode species identification. The mtDNA amplification using the C2F3/1108 primer set (3) and the ITS amplification using a recently available M. partityla specific primer set (4) produced fragments of approximately 530 bp and 550 bp, respectively. These were consistent with those already reported for this nematode species. This first report of a plant host for the pecan root-knot nematode outside of the family Juglandaceae indicates that the nematode may have migrated from Quercus species to pecan trees during the period when orchards were being established in Florida. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the pecan root-knot nematode infecting laurel oak. References: (1) J. A. Brito et al. Nematology 10:757, 2008. (2) Kleynhans, K. P. N. Phytophylatica 18:103, 1986. (3) T. O. Powers et al., J. Nematol. 37:226, 2005. (4) R. A. Stamler. M. S. thesis, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, 2009.

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Macedo, Luciana Martins Domingues de, Yara Silva-Sousa, Silvio Rocha Corrêa da Silva, Samantha Schaffer Pugsley Baratto, Flares Baratto-Filho, and Fuad Jacob Abi Rached-Júnior. "Influence of Root Canal Filling Techniques on Sealer Penetration and Bond Strength to Dentin." Brazilian Dental Journal 28, no. 3 (June 2017): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201602460.

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Abstract The influence of root canal filling techniques on the penetration of AH Plus into dentinal tubules was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and the impact on the bond strength of the filling material on the root dentin was evaluated using the push-out test. Roots of the maxillary central incisors (n=40) were prepared with ProTaper Universal and assigned to four groups: lateral condensation, vertical compaction, modified Tagger hybrid and single cone. After root canal filling with gutta-percha and AH Plus, along with the addition of 0.01% fluorescein, the roots were cut into 2-mm slices. CLSM was performed on the first slice of each root third, followed by the push-out test. The second slice was analyzed under SEM. ANOVA demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the root canal filling techniques and the root thirds (p<0.05). For percent penetration, Tukey’s test showed that the vertical compaction (91.77±13.51), lateral condensation (89.18±10.91) and modified Tagger hybrid (87.53±15.42) presented the highest values, which significantly differed (p<0.05) from those of the single cone (78.19±22.46). For bond strength (MPa), lateral condensation (3.42±0.54) and vertical compaction (3.47±0.53) had the highest values (p<0.05), while the modified Tagger hybrid (2.19±0.41) and single cone (0.54±0.21) had the lowest. In conclusion, the lateral condensation, vertical compaction and Modified Tagger’s hybrid techniques resulted in greater penetration and bond strength to the intra-radicular dentin.

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MACK, ANDREAS F., UWE D. BEHRENS, and HANS-JOACHIM WAGNER. "Inhibitory control of synaptic activity in goldfish Mb bipolar cell terminals visualized by FM1-43." Visual Neuroscience 17, no. 6 (November 2000): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800176011.

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To investigate the physiology and plasticity of mixed rod–cone ON-bipolar cells (Mb) in the goldfish retina, we established a slice preparation which allows us to optically monitor the synaptic activity of bipolar cell axon terminals. We used the styryl dye FM1-43 which is incorporated into active axon terminals due to synaptic vesicle cycling and thus reflects synaptic activity. Different activity states of the axon terminals were revealed when slices prepared from light-adapted retinae were incubated in the presence of FM1-43 under various conditions. Depolarizing high K+ Ringer (50 mM) and the gamma-butyric acid (GABA) antagonist bicuculline (100 μM) resulted in more than two-fold increase in the number of stained terminals compared to slices stained in normal Ringer. In contrast, GABA treatment (0.5 mM) reduced the frequency of stained terminals. Thus, in light-adapted retinal slices the synaptic activity of Mb axon terminals can be modulated towards higher and lower activity states. The fact that the GABA antagonist bicuculline had similar effects as stimulatory high K+ Ringer suggests that inhibitory control is an important component in the regulation of synaptic activity and transmitter release in Mb terminals.

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Metzger, Paul, Volker Seeker, Christian Fensch, and Murray Cole. "Device Hopping." ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization 18, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3471909.

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Existing OS techniques for homogeneous many-core systems make it simple for single and multithreaded applications to migrate between cores. Heterogeneous systems do not benefit so fully from this flexibility, and applications that cannot migrate in mid-execution may lose potential performance. The situation is particularly challenging when a switch of language runtime would be desirable in conjunction with a migration. We present a case study in making heterogeneous CPU + GPU systems more flexible in this respect. Our technique for fine-grained application migration, allows switches between OpenMP, OpenCL, and CUDA execution, in conjunction with migrations from GPU to CPU, and CPU to GPU. To achieve this, we subdivide iteration spaces into slices, and consider migration on a slice-by-slice basis. We show that slice sizes can be learned offline by machine learning models. To further improve performance, memory transfers are made migration-aware. The complexity of the migration capability is hidden from programmers behind a high-level programming model. We present a detailed evaluation of our mid-kernel migration mechanism with the First Come, First Served scheduling policy. We compare our technique in a focused evaluation scenario against idealized kernel-by-kernel scheduling, which is typical for current systems, and makes perfect kernel to device scheduling decisions, but cannot migrate kernels mid-execution. Models show that up to 1.33× speedup can be achieved over these systems by adding fine-grained migration. Our experimental results with all nine applicable SHOC and Rodinia benchmarks achieve speedups of up to 1.30× (1.08× on average) over an implementation of a perfect but kernel-migration incapable scheduler when migrated to a faster device. Our mechanism and slice size choices introduce an average slowdown of only 2.44% if kernels never migrate. Lastly, our programming model reduces the code size by at least 88% if compared to manual implementations of migratable kernels.

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Cappellozza, José Antonio Zuega, Fabio Pinto Guedes, Hugo Nary Filho, Leopoldino Capelozza Filho, and Mauricio de Almeida Cardoso. "Orthodontic decompensation in skeletal Class III malocclusion: redefining the amount of movement assessed by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 20, no. 5 (October 2015): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.20.5.028-034.oar.

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Introduction:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is essential for tridimensional planning of orthognathic surgery, as it allows visualization and evaluation of bone structures and mineralized tissues. Tomographic slices allow evaluation of tooth inclination and individualization of movement performed during preoperative decompensation. The aim of this paper was to assess maxillary and mandibular incisors inclination pre and post orthodontic decompensation in skeletal Class III malocclusion.Methods:The study was conducted on six individuals with skeletal Class III malocclusion, surgically treated, who had Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic scans obtained before and after orthodontic decompensation. On multiplanar reconstruction view, tomographic slices (axial, coronal and sagittal) were obtained on the long axis of each incisor. The sagittal slice was used for measurement taking, whereas the references used to assess tooth inclination were the long axis of maxillary teeth in relation to the palatal plane and the long axis of mandibular teeth in relation to the mandibular plane.Results:There was significant variation in the inclination of incisors before and after orthodontic decompensation. This change was of greater magnitude in the mandibular arch, evidencing that natural compensation is more effective in this arch, thereby requiring more intensive decompensation.Conclusion:When routinely performed, the protocols of decompensation treatment in surgical individuals often result in intensive movements, which should be reevaluated, since the extent of movement predisposes to reduction in bone attachment levels and root length.

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Bueno, Mike Reis, Bruno Correa Azevedo, Cyntia Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela, Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto, and Carlos Estrela. "Method to Identify Accessory Root Canals using a New CBCT Software." Brazilian Dental Journal 32, no. 6 (November 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202104741.

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Abstract This study describes a methodology to identify accessory root canals using the e-Vol DX software in CBCT scans. Accessory root canals are strategic shelters for microorganisms present in root canal infections. The identification of these small canals in periapical radiographic exams has limitations, besides being markedly limited accessibility to the action of endodontic instruments and to the antimicrobial agents. A significant number of accessory canals have sufficient diameters to be visible on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of high spatial resolution. Therefore, it may go unnoticed or even confused when there is no specific training for this type of diagnosis. The methodology consists in establishing thin slices (0.1mm or smaller) obtained from coronal, sagittal and axial slices. The method consists of the following steps: during navigation along the long axis of a root canal when finding a possible hypodense line of main root canal in a tomographic section (axial, sagittal or coronal), the navigation software lines of the multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) must be adjusted so that they are parallel and perpendicular to the hypodense line (parallax correction). Then, after judiciously adjusted, the accessory canal image will invariably appear as a line on one of the MPR tomographic slices, another line on another slice, and a dot on the third slice. The three sections of the MPR present images with the “line-line-dot” sequence. In this way, it is possible to identify an accessory root canal and also visualize it in volumetric reconstruction in a specific filter. The application of this method is easy to employed and may benefit the diagnosis when you want to visualize accessory root canals and distinguish it from root fracture line.

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Hamdan, Rami, Jérôme Michetti, Claire Dionnet, Franck Diemer, and Marie Georgelin-Gurgel. "In-vitro evaluation of apical microleakage of two obturation methods of immature permanent teeth: orthograde apical plug of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and root canal filling combining custom gutta-percha cone with Calcium Silicate-based sealer." Giornale Italiano di Endodonzia 31, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/j.gien.2017.25.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to assess whether an obturation, combining a custom guttapercha cone with the BIOROOTTM-RCS sealer, displays similar sealing quality to the orthograde apical plugs of MTA CAPS1 in immature teeth with irregular wide apices. Methodology: Thirty-four immature permanent premolars with apical diameter varying between (1-3 mm) were chosen for this study and were divided into two groups. They were imbedded in wet sponge, which simulated the periapex. In the first group; 5 mm orthograde plugs of MTAwere placed using an appropriate plugger. In the second group; a custom gutta-percha cone was fabricated and used for root canal filling with the BIOROOTTM-RCS sealer. The specimens were stored at 37 8C and 100% humidity during five weeks to allow the complete set of the filling materials. The apical leakage was evaluated using a dye penetration test with 50%-weight silver-nitrate. The teeth were then embedded in a transparent resin and sectioned transversally at 1 and 3 mm from the apex. The slices were examined under optical microscope and were given scores from (0) to (4). When scoring a slice was difficult, spectroscopy for energy dispersion using a scanning electron-microscope was used to confirm the score. The results were compared using the Fisher test with p < 0.05. Results: Silver-nitrate was found in both groups in all slices at 1 mm. At 3 mm, the difference of micro-leakage was not significant. Conclusions: The custom gutta-percha cone combined with BIOROOTtm-RCS sealer displays similar leakage resistance to the orthograde MTA plugs.

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Zeng, Feng, Shan Yao, Zhong Fei Jiao, Shu Ming Zhao, and Tong Yang. "Boundary Separation Approaching Rapid Casting." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.99.

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Boundary separation Approaching Rapid Casting is present. In this method, the 3-D CAD model of casting mould is sliced with certain thickness, and the 2-D profile of every slice is converted into the NC code automatically by computer. For case study, taking coated sand as material, casting moulds of propeller was made rapidly by self-developed laser rapid prototyping system. The casting test showed that this method can produce good quality parts. Boundary separation Approaching Rapid Casting with the characteristics of high production efficiency can cast products with complex cured surfaces in multi-variety and small batch, and it is a great significance in reducing the cost and shortening the cycle of new products development.

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Li, Qingqing, Ke Chen, Lin Han, Yan Zhuang, Jingtao Li, and Jiangli Lin. "Automatic tooth roots segmentation of cone beam computed tomography image sequences using U-net and RNN." Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 28, no. 5 (September 19, 2020): 905–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/xst-200678.

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BACKGROUND: Automatic segmentation of individual tooth root is a key technology for the reconstruction of the three-dimensional dental model from Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images, which is of great significance for the orthodontic, implant and other dental diagnosis and treatment planning. OBJECTIVES: Currently, tooth root segmentation is mainly done manually because of the similar gray of the tooth root and the alveolar bone from CBCT images. This study aims to explore the automatic tooth root segmentation algorithm of CBCT axial image sequence based on deep learning. METHODS: We proposed a new automatic tooth root segmentation method based on the deep learning U-net with AGs. Since CBCT sequence has a strong correlation between adjacent slices, a Recurrent neural network (RNN) was applied to extract the intra-slice and inter-slice contexts. To develop and test this new method for automatic segmentation of tooth roots using CBCT images, 24 sets of CBCT sequences containing 1160 images and 5 sets of CBCT sequences containing 361 images were used to train and test the network, respectively. RESULTS: Applying to the testing dataset, the segmentation accuracy measured by the intersection over union (IOU), dice similarity coefficient (DICE), average precision rate (APR), average recall rate (ARR), and average symmetrical surface distance (ASSD) are 0.914, 0.955, 95.8% , 95.3% , 0.145 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that the new method combining attention U-net with RNN yields the promising results of automatic tooth roots segmentation, which has potential to help improve the segmentation efficiency and accuracy in future clinical practice.

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Mordanov, Oleg, Zurab Khabadze, Fatima Daurova, Inna Bagdasarova, Andrei Zoryan, Alena Kulikova, Anastasiya Blokhina, Rita Mustafaeva, Yusup Bakaev, and Saida Abdulkerimova. "Second Mesiobuccal Canal Evaluation Features with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography." International Journal of Dentistry 2019 (April 9, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5856405.

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Aim. The aim of the study is to evaluate the difference in MB2 prevalence with different slice thicknesses in maxillary first molars. Materials and Methods. Two hundred nonfilled MB2 canals in maxillary first molars of 156 people (75 females and 81 males) aged from 20 to 73 years old were evaluated with CBCT with different slice thicknesses: 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 3 mm, and 10 mm. A general analysis was performed out, as well as in the age groups and on gender groups. Results. Visualization with 0.5 mm and 1 mm slice thicknesses was 100% and generally equal, in both the male and the female group. General MB2 visualization with 3 mm slice thickness was 42% and 29% for the male group and 27% for the female group. No canals were visualized with 10 mm slice thickness. The study did not demonstrate a statistical difference in the MB2 prevalence between gender and age groups with the 3 mm slice thickness. Conclusion. The most valuable way to evaluate the root canal system in first maxillary molars with CBCT is using 1 mm slice thickness for both genders and every age group.

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Dou, Xinyuan, Guangbin Ren, Irene Sabadini, and Ting Yang. "Weak Slice Regular Functions on the n-Dimensional Quadratic Cone of Octonions." Journal of Geometric Analysis 31, no. 11 (May 12, 2021): 11312–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12220-021-00682-5.

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AbstractIn the literature on slice analysis in the hypercomplex setting, there are two main approaches to define slice regular functions in one variable: one consists in requiring that the restriction to any complex plane is holomorphic (with the same complex structure of the complex plane), the second one makes use of stem and slice functions. So far, in the setting of several hypercomplex variables, only the second approach has been considered, i.e. the one based on stem functions. In this paper, we use instead the first definition on the so-called n-dimensional quadratic cone of octonions. These two approaches yield the same class of slice regular functions on axially symmetric slice-domains, however, they are different on other types of domains. We call this new class of functions weak slice regular. We show that there exist weak slice regular functions which are not slice regular in the second approach. Moreover, we study various properties of these functions, including a Taylor expansion.

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Putra, Fajar Kurnia, Safril Safril, Desmarita Leni, and Veny Selviyanty YH. "Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengiris Singkong." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 12, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.12.1.196.

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The design of the cassava slicer machine has a capacity of 38 kg / hour, this machine is designed to design a cassava slicing machine that has high usability, achieving the required motor power so that the desired engine capacity can be achieved, able to determine the exact method of slicing cassava . The working principle of Cassava Slicing Machine is to work when the electric motor is turned on, then the motor will rotate then the motor rotation is transmitted to the pulley, moving the slicing knife by 0.03653 N / mm2. After the shaft rotates, the disc where the blade will rotate and the cassava is ready for slices and the results of the cassava slices will come out through the output funnel. Cassava slicing machine using 1/2 HP motor with 1400 rpm rotation as its driver, and Framework with L St.37 profile material, type A belt, bearing with UCP205-16 type

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Syuhada, Fahmi Syuhada, and Agus Zainal Arifin. "Automatic Segmentation of Dental Cone Beam Computed Tomography Image Based on Level Set Method Using Morphology Operators and Polynomial Fitting." Journal of Computer Science and Informatics Engineering (J-Cosine) 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jcosine.v4i1.321.

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Abstract Automatic Segmentation of dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is challenging due to the intensity of the teeth that have low level intensity. In this paper we proposes a new method for automatic teeth segmentation in slices of CBCT images based on level let method using morphology operators and polynomial fitting. Morphology operators are used to construct the Region of Interest (ROI) area of dental objects in the image slice. ROI is used to focus the analysis process on areas of dental objects which generally have a polynomial pattern distribution. Polynomial fitting is obtained to estimation arc of teeth structure in CBCT images. Level Set is implemented to evolve the ROI to obtain the contours of dental objects. Comparison between proposed method result and the ground truth images shows that the method gives best average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity value of 99.02%, 95.32%, 99.09%, respectively. This value that the proposed method is promising for accurate segmentation of the entire tooth form on CBCT images.

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Pagé, Fernand, Bady Badibanga, Annie Sauvesty, and Colette Ansseau. "Le système radiculaire dans les érablières du Québec. I. Nouvelle méthode d'estimation du volume et de la masse des radicelles." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 1562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-207.

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A method for rapidly estimating the rootlet volume and mass in sugar maple groves was developed in relation with the rootlet size. Soil samples were obtained with corers and cut in 2-cm thick slices. The number of rootlets of diameter classes <0.3, 0.3–0.5, 0.5–0.8, and 0.8–1.0 mm were determined under microscope (× 150) on the upper surface of slices. Rootlet surface for each class was measured on thin sections of soil, with an optic microscope connected to a digitalizing board. Mean rootlet surface [Formula: see text] showed a small standard deviation within each diameter class. The rootlet surface (S) on a surface of soil St can be estimated as [Formula: see text], where N is the number of rootlets observed in nc fields of observation, each field having a surface So. If two soil slices are located at depths h1 and h2, respectively, and if the rootlet surfaces of those slices are S1 and S2, the rootlet volume V of the first slice corresponds approximately to the volume of a truncated cone, and can be calculated as V = [S1 + S2 + (S1S2)0,5] (h2–h1)/3. The rootlet density (g•cm−3 of root) was also determined for each diameter class. The standard deviation from [Formula: see text], the mean density for each diameter class was small. Thus, the rootlet mass M was determined as [Formula: see text]. Estimated and real rootlet volume and mass values were compared. A difference of about 10% was found between estimated and real values.

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Furtado, Adhvan, Carlos Alberto Campos da Purificação, Roberto Badaró, and Erick Giovani Sperandio Nascimento. "A Light Deep Learning Algorithm for CT Diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia." Diagnostics 12, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071527.

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A large number of reports present artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, which support pneumonia detection caused by COVID-19 from chest CT (computed tomography) scans. Only a few studies provided access to the source code, which limits the analysis of the out-of-distribution generalization ability. This study presents Cimatec-CovNet-19, a new light 3D convolutional neural network inspired by the VGG16 architecture that supports COVID-19 identification from chest CT scans. We trained the algorithm with a dataset of 3000 CT Scans (1500 COVID-19-positive) with images from different parts of the world, enhanced with 3000 images obtained with data augmentation techniques. We introduced a novel pre-processing approach to perform a slice-wise selection based solely on the lung CT masks and an empirically chosen threshold for the very first slice. It required only 16 slices from a CT examination to identify COVID-19. The model achieved a recall of 0.88, specificity of 0.88, ROC-AUC of 0.95, PR-AUC of 0.95, and F1-score of 0.88 on a test set with 414 samples (207 COVID-19). These results support Cimatec-CovNet-19 as a good and light screening tool for COVID-19 patients. The whole code is freely available for the scientific community.

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Li, Xingzheng, Bingwen Feng, Guofeng Li, Tong Li, and Mingjin He. "A Vulnerability Detection System Based on Fusion of Assembly Code and Source Code." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (July 29, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9997641.

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Software vulnerabilities are one of the important reasons for network intrusion. It is vital to detect and fix vulnerabilities in a timely manner. Existing vulnerability detection methods usually rely on single code models, which may miss some vulnerabilities. This paper implements a vulnerability detection system by combining source code and assembly code models. First, code slices are extracted from the source code and assembly code. Second, these slices are aligned by the proposed code alignment algorithm. Third, aligned code slices are converted into vector and input into a hyper fusion-based deep learning model. Experiments are carried out to verify the system. The results show that the system presents a stable and convergent detection performance.

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Cohen, Ethan D. "Interactions of Inhibition and Excitation in the Light-Evoked Currents of X Type Retinal Ganglion Cells." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 2975–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.6.2975.

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Cohen, Ethan D. Interactions of inhibition and excitation in the light-evoked currents of X type retinal ganglion cells. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2975–2990, 1998. The excitatory and inhibitory conductances driving the light-evoked currents (LECs) of cat and ferret on- and off-center X ganglion cells were examined in sliced and isolated retina preparations using center spot stimulation in tetrodotoxin (TTX)-containing Ringer. on-center X ganglion cells showed an increase in an excitatory conductance reversed positive to +20 mV during the spot stimulus. At spot offset, a transient inhibitory conductance was activated on many cells that reversed near E Cl. off-center X ganglion cells showed increases in a sustained inhibitory conductance that reversed near E Cl during spot stimulation. At spot offset, an excitatory conductance was activated that reversed positive to +20 mV. The light-evoked current kinetics of on- and off-center X cells to spot stimulation did not significantly differ in form from their Y cell counterparts in TTX Ringer. When inhibition was blocked, current-voltage relations of the light-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) of both on- and off-X cells were L-shaped and reversed near 0 mV. The EPSCs averaged between 300 and 500 pA at −80 mV. The metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB), was used to block on-center bipolar cell function. The LECs of on-X ganglion cells were totally blocked in APB at all holding potentials. APB caused prominent reductions in the dark holding current and synaptic noise of on-X cells. In contrast, the LECs of off-X ganglion cells remained in APB. An increase in the dark holding current was observed. The excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist combination of d-amino-5-phosphono-pentanoic acid (d-AP5) and 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo-(F)-quinoxalinedione (NBQX) was used to block ionotropic glutamate receptor retinal neurotransmission. The LECs of all on-X ganglion cells were totally blocked, and their holding currents were reduced similar to the actions of APB. For off-X ganglion cells, the antagonist combination always blocked the excitatory current at light-off; however, in many cells, the inhibitory current at light-on remained. on-center X ganglion cells receive active excitation during center illumination, and a transient inhibition at light-off. In contrast off-center X ganglion cells experience a sustained active inhibition during center illumination, and a shorter increase in excitation at light-offset. Cone bipolar cells provide a resting level of glutamate release on X ganglion cells on which their light-evoked currents are superimposed.

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Hirasawa, Hajime, Richard Shiells, and Masahiro Yamada. "A Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Regulates Transmitter Release from Cone Presynaptic Terminals in Carp Retinal Slices." Journal of General Physiology 119, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.119.1.55.

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The role of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in photoreceptor-H1 horizontal cell (HC) synaptic transmission was investigated by analyzing the rate of occurrence and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) in H1 HCs uncoupled by dopamine in carp retinal slices. Red light steps or the application of 100 μM cobalt reduced the sEPSC rate without affecting their peak amplitude, which is consistent with hyperpolarization or the suppression of Ca2+ entry into cone synaptic terminals reducing vesicular transmitter release. Conversely, postsynaptic blockade of H1 HC AMPA receptors by 500 nM CNQX reduced the amplitude of sEPSCs without affecting their rate. This analysis of sEPSCs represents a novel methodology for distinguishing between presynaptic and postsynaptic sites of action. The selective agonist for group III mGluRs, l-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-APB or L-AP4; 20 μM), reduced the sEPSC rate with a slight reduction in amplitude, which is consistent with a presynaptic action on cone synaptic terminals to reduce transmitter release. During L-APB application, recovery of sEPSC rate occurred with 500 μM (s)-2-methyl-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (MAP4), a selective antagonist of group III mGluR, and with 200 μM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a blocker of voltage-dependent potassium channels. Whole-cell recordings from cones in the retinal slice showed no effect of L-APB on voltage-activated Ca2+ conductance. These results suggest that the activation of group III mGluRs suppresses transmitter release from cone presynaptic terminals via a 4-AP–sensitive pathway. Negative feedback, operating via mGluR autoreceptors, may limit excessive glutamate release from cone synaptic terminals.

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Garcia, Michele Alves, Marilia Yatabe, Thais Ustulin Fuzer, Adriana Maria Calvo, and Ivy Kiemle Trindade-Suedam. "Ideal Versus Late Secondary Alveolar Bone Graft Surgery." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 55, no. 3 (December 14, 2017): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665617738401.

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Objective: To compare the bone morphology after secondary alveolar bone graft surgery (SABG) performed before and after permanent canine eruption. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil. Patients: 25 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) individuals who underwent SABG before or after eruption of the permanent canine taken 2 and 6 months (T1 and T2) after SAGB, resulting in 50 CBCT scans. Two groups were assessed, Ideal Group (IG; n = 10) and Late Group (LG; n = 15), according to the time of the SABG. Interventions: SABG buccal-palatal thicknesses were measured in 3 different root levels: cement-enamel junction (cervical slice), middle point of the root (intermediate slice), and apex of the central incisor (apical slice). Thickness measurements were assessed in the mesial, distal, and intermediate aspects of the alveolar bone graft. Clinical long-term follow-up was also done. Results: The IG showed significantly greater bone thickness, especially in the intermediate and apical slices, when compared to LG, in T1 and T2. Bone thickness was maintained over time. Clinically, all the IG individuals completed orthodontics, and no major complications were observed. In contrast, 27% of the LG individuals had failures, and rehabilitation was achieved through prosthesis. Conclusion: Ideal SABG presents with better results compared with late ABG. When it is not possible to perform SABG at the ideal time, acceptable outcomes still can be expected for late bone grafting.

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Zhao, Shuang-Ren, Dazong Jiang, Kevin Yang, and Kang Yang. "Generalized fourier slice theorem for cone-beam image reconstruction." Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 23, no. 2 (2015): 157–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/xst-150479.

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Noo, Frédéric, Michel Defrise, and Rolf Clackdoyle. "Single-slice rebinning method for helical cone-beam CT." Physics in Medicine and Biology 44, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/44/2/019.

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41

Liu, Fenglin, Qingsong Yang, Wenxiang Cong, and Ge Wang. "Dynamic Bowtie Filter for Cone-Beam/Multi-Slice CT." PLoS ONE 9, no. 7 (July 22, 2014): e103054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103054.

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42

Kachelrieß, Marc, Stefan Schaller, and Willi A. Kalender. "Advanced single-slice rebinning in cone-beam spiral CT." Medical Physics 27, no. 4 (April 2000): 754–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.598938.

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43

Hemalatha, P., V. Sanjana, Prabeesh Padmanabhan, M. Muthalagu, and M. Shahul Hameed. "Comparative evaluation of canal transportation and centering ability between 4% and 6% rotary files using cone beam computed tomography — An invitro study." IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging 7, no. 4 (January 15, 2022): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmi.2021.028.

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Aim of the study was to evaluate the canal transportation and centering ability of 4% and 6% rotary systems by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).: Sixty permanent mandibular first molar mesio-buccal canals were chosen and divided into two groups (n=30) according to the bio mechanical preparation method used: Vortex blue and XP Endo Shaper. Following after placed on a customized wax sheet substrate, the samples were scanned using CBCT and then subjected to instrumentation according to the group selected. Then post instrumentation CBCT was taken. Slices from the axial slice were obtained at 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from the root apex, corresponding to the apical, middle, and coronal thirds, respectively, from both exposures. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in canal centering and transportation between both the groups. However vortex blue group showed less transportation and less amount of untouched dentin. It was concluded that " 6% taper group though having higher taper showed better centering ability and less amount ofuntouched dentin and 4% taper file group thoughan adaptive core technology showed more transportation because of its non-uniform expansion to thermal changes.

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44

Bassotto, João Stein, Mirela Sangoi Barreto, Vivian Gehm Seballos, Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira, and Carlos Alexandre Souza Bier. "Influência do método de inserção do cimento resinoso na resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro." Journal of Oral Investigations 6, no. 1 (August 4, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18256/2238-510x/j.oralinvestigations.v6n1p62-74.

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Objetivos: Avaliar in vitro a influência do método utilizado para inserção do cimento resinoso RelyX U200 (3M ESPE) na resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados em pré-molares humanos.Métodos: 30 pré-molares extraídos foram selecionados, seccionados em 14 mm, submetidos a tratamento endodôntico (sistema ProTaper Universal - Dentsply Maillefer + obturação pela técnica de cone único com cimento AH Plus - Dentsply Maillefer) e, posteriormente, preparados para cimentação de pinos de fibra (manutenção de 4 mm apicais de material obturador). Então, os dentes foram aleatorizados de acordo com o método de inserção do cimento utilizado (n=10) (CENTRIX, PINO/CIMENTO, LENTULO) e pinos de fibra de vidro previamente silanizados foram então cimentados. Posteriormente, 3 slices por espécime (slice cervical, médio, apical) foram obtidos e submetidos ao teste de push-out na máquina de ensaio universal.Resultados: O método de inserção do cimento influenciou significativamente a resistência de união cimento-dentina (p=0,002), sendo que a CENTRIX (10,05 ± 3,25 Mpa) e LENTULO (9,80 ± 3,21 Mpa) apresentaram os melhores resultados. Adicionalmente, observou-se que a região proveniente do slice também influenciou (maiores valores de resistência de união para o terço cervical - 10,62 ± 3,66 Mpa).Conclusões: O uso de Centrix (Centrix Inc.) e Lentulo (Injecta Produtos Odontológicos) promovem um melhor resultado de resistência adesiva, em comparação ao cimento aplicado diretamente sobre o pino. Regiões mais apicais apresentam menor resistência adesiva do que cervicais.

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45

Izzetti, Rossana, Raffaele Gaeta, Davide Caramella, and Valentina Giuffra. "Cone-Beam Computed Tomography vs. Multi-Slice Computed Tomography in paleoimaging: where we stand." HOMO 71, no. 1 (February 13, 2020): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1063.

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46

Celenk, Mehmet, Mike L. Farrell, Haluk Eren, K. Kumar, G. Dave Singh, and Scott Lozanoff. "Upper airway detection and visualization from cone beam image slices." Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 18, no. 2 (2010): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/xst-2010-0248.

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47

Meyer, Mathieu, and Marc Rogalski. "The slices of a cone and a characterization of ellipsoids." Mathematika 45, no. 2 (December 1998): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0025579300014224.

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48

Wang, Yingnan, and Naihua Xiu. "Strong Semismoothness of Projection onto Slices of Second-Order Cone." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 150, no. 3 (April 20, 2011): 599–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10957-011-9834-2.

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49

Flohr, T., K. Stierstorfer, S. Schaller, M. Kachelriess, and H. Bruder. "Single-slice rebinning reconstruction in spiral cone-beam computed tomography." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 19, no. 9 (2000): 873–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/42.887836.

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50

Kachelrieß, Marc, Theo Fuchs, Stefan Schaller, and Willi A. Kalender. "Advanced single-slice rebinning for tilted spiral cone-beam CT." Medical Physics 28, no. 6 (June 2001): 1033–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.1373675.

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