Дисертації з теми "Slash Pine (Pinus Elliotti)"
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Pswarayi, Idah Zviripayi. "Genetic parameters and selection indices for a population of Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:97fc4675-4dae-4b43-a15e-d3e9f52f6948.
Повний текст джерелаPagliarini, Maximiliano Kawahata. "Genotype by environment interaction in slash pine and methodologies comparison for radiata pine wood properties /." Ilha Solteira, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141895.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: Exotic forest species have been introduced in Brazil in order to promote improvements in socioeconomic development and help to reduce the pressure caused to native forests. With growing demand for these species, research on genetic improvement has increased to find new, more productive germplasm and preferably in less time. Two species were used in the study: slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don). The first part of the study had the purpose to identify the stability, adaptability, productivity and genetic parameters, in addition to selection gain and genetic divergence in slash pine open pollinated second generation progenies considering phenotypic trait. Two tests were established, one in Ponta Grossa-PR with 24 progenies and one in Ribeirão Branco-SP with 44 progenies, both in Brazil, to identify the most productive genotypes for commercial planting areas in both sites. There was significant variation (p<0.01) among progenies for growth and form traits. The high coefficients of genetic variation for wood volume (14.31% to 16.24% - Ribeirão Branco-SP and 31.78% to 33.77% - Ponta Grossa-PR) and heritability (0.10 to 0.15 – Ribeirão Branco-SP and 0.36 to 0.48 – Ponta Grossa-PR) have shown low environmental influence on phenotypic variation, which is important for the prediction of genetic gain by selecting and confirming genetic potential in both places, especially Ponta Grossa. The effect of genotype x environment interact... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo: Espécies exóticas de Pinus foram introduzidas no Brasil para promoverem o crescimento socioeconômico do país e ajudar na redução da pressão causada pelo uso de florestas nativas Com a crescente demanda por essas espécies, pesquisas em melhoramento genético tem aumentado na busca de novos germoplasma mais produtivos em menor tempo. Duas espécies foram utilizadas no presente trabalho: Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii e Pinus radiata D. Don. A primeira parte do trabalho teve a finalidade de identificar a estabilidade, a adaptabilidade, a produtividade e os parâmetros genéticos, além do ganho de seleção e diversidade genética em progênies de polinização aberta de segunda geração de P. elliottii var. elliottii considerando os caracteres fenotípicos. Foram estabelecidos dois testes, um em Ponta Grossa-PR com 24 progênies e outro em Ribeirão Branco-SP com 44 progênies visando identificar os genótipos mais produtivos para áreas de plantio comercial em ambos locais. Foi observada variação significativa (p<0,01) entre as progênies para os caracteres de crescimento e alguns caracteres de forma. Os altos coeficientes de variação genética para volume de madeira (14,31% a 16,24% - Ribeirão Branco e 31,78% a 33,77% - Ponta Grossa) e herdabilidade (0,10 a 0,15 – Ribeirão Branco e 0,36 a 0,48 – Ponta Grossa) mostraram baixa influência do ambiente na variação fenotípica, o que é importante para a predição do ganho genético mediante a seleção e confirmam potencial genético em ambos os loc... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
Pagliarini, Maximiliano Kawahata [UNESP]. "Genotype by environment interaction in slash pine and methodologies comparison for radiata pine wood properties." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141895.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Espécies exóticas de Pinus foram introduzidas no Brasil para promoverem o crescimento socioeconômico do país e ajudar na redução da pressão causada pelo uso de florestas nativas Com a crescente demanda por essas espécies, pesquisas em melhoramento genético tem aumentado na busca de novos germoplasma mais produtivos em menor tempo. Duas espécies foram utilizadas no presente trabalho: Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii e Pinus radiata D. Don. A primeira parte do trabalho teve a finalidade de identificar a estabilidade, a adaptabilidade, a produtividade e os parâmetros genéticos, além do ganho de seleção e diversidade genética em progênies de polinização aberta de segunda geração de P. elliottii var. elliottii considerando os caracteres fenotípicos. Foram estabelecidos dois testes, um em Ponta Grossa-PR com 24 progênies e outro em Ribeirão Branco-SP com 44 progênies visando identificar os genótipos mais produtivos para áreas de plantio comercial em ambos locais. Foi observada variação significativa (p<0,01) entre as progênies para os caracteres de crescimento e alguns caracteres de forma. Os altos coeficientes de variação genética para volume de madeira (14,31% a 16,24% - Ribeirão Branco e 31,78% a 33,77% - Ponta Grossa) e herdabilidade (0,10 a 0,15 – Ribeirão Branco e 0,36 a 0,48 – Ponta Grossa) mostraram baixa influência do ambiente na variação fenotípica, o que é importante para a predição do ganho genético mediante a seleção e confirmam potencial genético em ambos os locais, especialmente Ponta Grossa. O efeito da interação genótipo x ambiente é simples. As progênies plantadas em um local poderão também ser plantadas no outro. Dentre essas as C-197, C-189-1, C-084-2 e C-032-2 são indicadas para plantações tanto na região estudada do estado de São Paulo quanto do Paraná. Apesar de um número maior de progênies em Ribeirão Branco, constatou-se o mesmo número de agrupamentos de progênies pelo método UPGMA e de otimização de Tocher em ambos os testes. Existe diversidade genética entre as progênies de P. elliottii. Para programas de melhoramento, recomenda-se o cruzamento entre progênies de grupos divergentes para aumentar a variação genética, e consequentemente, o ganho genético nas gerações subsequentes, sem esquecer de se levar em consideração a performance do caráter de interesse. O objetivo do trabalho em P. radiata foi relacionar os resultados de características da madeira obtidas a partir de dois métodos Pilodyn e SilviScan visando validar uma metodologia eficiente para fenotipagem de um maior número de amostras. Um teste com 30 progênies de P. radiata foi estabelecido em Flynn na Austrália. As características avaliadas foram densidade da madeira, o ângulo microfibrilar e o módulo de elasticidade. A correlação genética e fenotípica entre os caracteres da madeira obtidas a partir dos dois métodos e a herdabilidade individual no sentido restrito foram estimadas. Os dados de Pilodyn apresentaram alta herdabilidade e alta correlação genética e fenotípica entre densidade de madeira e moderada com ângulo microfibrilar e módulo de elasticidade. Os resultados confirmam que o Pylodyn é um efetivo método indireto e rápido para avaliação de parâmetros genéticos para caracteres de qualidade madeira em P. radiata.
Exotic forest species have been introduced in Brazil in order to promote improvements in socioeconomic development and help to reduce the pressure caused to native forests. With growing demand for these species, research on genetic improvement has increased to find new, more productive germplasm and preferably in less time. Two species were used in the study: slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don). The first part of the study had the purpose to identify the stability, adaptability, productivity and genetic parameters, in addition to selection gain and genetic divergence in slash pine open pollinated second generation progenies considering phenotypic trait. Two tests were established, one in Ponta Grossa-PR with 24 progenies and one in Ribeirão Branco-SP with 44 progenies, both in Brazil, to identify the most productive genotypes for commercial planting areas in both sites. There was significant variation (p<0.01) among progenies for growth and form traits. The high coefficients of genetic variation for wood volume (14.31% to 16.24% - Ribeirão Branco-SP and 31.78% to 33.77% - Ponta Grossa-PR) and heritability (0.10 to 0.15 – Ribeirão Branco-SP and 0.36 to 0.48 – Ponta Grossa-PR) have shown low environmental influence on phenotypic variation, which is important for the prediction of genetic gain by selecting and confirming genetic potential in both places, especially Ponta Grossa. The effect of genotype x environment interaction is simple. Progenies planted in one site can also be planted in the other. Among these C-197, C-189-1, C-084-2 and C-032-2 progenies are suitable for plantations in both studied region of São Paulo and Paraná. Although larger number of progenies in Ribeirão Branco, it was found the same number of clusters through UPGMA and Tocher methods in both tests. There is genetic diversity among slash pine progenies. For breeding programs, it is recommended to cross progenies between different groups to increase genetic variation, and consequently the genetic gain in subsequent generations, not forgetting to take into account the performance of interest trait. The objective of the study in Radiata pine was relate wood quality traits obtained from two methods Pilodyn and SilviScan to validate an efficient phenotyping methodology for a greater number of samples. A test with 30 progenies of Radiata pine was established in Flynn Australia. The evaluated traits were wood density, microfibril ange and modulus of elasticity. Genetic and phenotypic correlation between traits of wood quality obtained from two methods and narrow-sense individual heritability were estimated. The Pilodyn data showed high heritability and high genetic and phenotypic correlation between wood density and moderate with microfibril angle and modulus of elasticity. The results confirm that the Pylodyn is an effective indirect and rapid method for evaluation of genetic parameters for wood quality traits in Radiata pine.
Teague, Kara Elizabeth. "Environmental ramifications of the fire ecology of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) a study of population dynamics and dispersal following a fire event /." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000089.
Повний текст джерелаQuinde, Abad Augusto. "Behaviour of the major resin- and fatty acids of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) during organosolv pulping." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30658.
Повний текст джерелаForestry, Faculty of
Graduate
Harley, Grant L., Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, and Sally P. Horn. "The Dendrochronology Of Pinus Elliottii In The Lower Florida Keys: Chronology Development And Climate Response." Tree-Ring Society, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622627.
Повний текст джерелаWyss, Lozano Hoyos Tania. "Pinus elliottii var. densa Seedling Performance Reflects Ectomycorrhizas, Soil Nutrient Availability and Root Competition." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/496.
Повний текст джерелаMedina, Perez Alex Mauricio. "Survival and promotion of female and male strobili by topgrafting in a third-cycle slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) breeding program." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011827.
Повний текст джерелаLister, Andrew Joseph. "Spatial Patterns in a 40-year-old Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) Forest in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36472.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Teague, Kara Elizabeth. "Environmental Ramification of the Fire Ecology of Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii): A Study of Population Dynamics and Dispersal following a Fire Event." Scholar Commons, 2003. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1491.
Повний текст джерелаTeague, Kara Elizabeth. "Environmental ramification of the fire ecology of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) [electronic resource] : a study of population dynamimcs and dispersal following a fire event. / by Kara Elizabeth Teague." University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000089.
Повний текст джерелаDocument formatted into pages; contains 78 pages.
Thesis (M.S.)--University of South Florida, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references.
Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format.
ABSTRACT: With increasing encroachment on natural communities by anthropogenic activity, it is important to understand the functions of natural ecosystems in an effort to conserve natural areas. A first-hand study of the population dynamics of South Florida Slash Pine (P. elliottii Engelm. var. densa) following a fire event provided insight to its recovery and dispersal following a fire. A natural fire (lightning-induced) occurred in the spring of 2000 at the T. Mabry Carlton, Jr. Reserve, Sarasota County, providing an opportunity to study aspects of slash pine in relation to fire. One objective of my research was to look at dispersal/recruitment conditions and slash pine dynamics in relation to fire. I looked at the varying degrees of tree mortality due to fire at different stands of slash pines.
ABSTRACT: I also looked at the stands in terms of stand composition and spatial arrangement of surviving adults. Finally, I studied how variable seedling establishment and survival was between stands. Few inferences could be drawn between fire and these individual analyses; however, all analyses revealed that at the scale of this study, pine flatwoods are patchy. I also looked at the dispersal of slash pines following a fire event. I modeled my research after Ribbens et al. (1994) and Clark et al. (1998), who took a phenomenological approach to dispersal modeling. This approach involved using distances between adults and seeds/seedlings and fecundity of adults to create dispersal models based on maximum likelihood estimates (MLE). I found that, while I could predict a model within acceptable parameters for most of the stands, more data was needed to predict models that better fit the data.
ABSTRACT: This finding, along with the fact that I recovered no seed data for analysis, suggests factors are contributing to dispersal and recruitment (e.g. cone-crop) that need to be accounted for in the future.
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Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Lazzari, Lídia Kunz. "Produção e caracterização de criogéis de celulose Pinus elliottiii para a adsorção de petróleo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2017. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/3177.
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The production of cellulose cryogels for oil adsorption becomes an interesting study since cellulose is an economical, renewable, biodegradable and abundant source in the environment. Within this context, the aim of the present work was to develop cellulose cryogels with oil adsorption capacity and mechanical strength. The use of chemical treatments such as silanization and the addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at concentrations of 4 and 8% (m/m) were used. In the silanization two methods were studied: the addition of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to cellulose suspension and the vapor deposition of MTMS in the cryogel. The cellulose suspension was obtained from mechanical fibrillation of 1.5% (w/w) unbleached long fiber cellulose (FLNB) of Pinus elliottii for 5 h at 2500 rpm. The suspension was then frozen at -80°C for 24 h and then freeze-drying at -40°C for 70 h. Various characterization assays were performed on the cryogels, including: specific mass and porosity, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), crystallinity index, Fourrier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), compression, hydrophobicity, adsorption and desorption capacity, adsorption kinetics and isotherms. Among the silanization methods, the vapor deposition of MTMS presented the highest values of homogeneous (65.18 g.g-1) and heterogeneous (68.42 g.g-1) experimental adsorption capacity. About the addition of NaOH, 4% added cryogel exhibited a 28% higher compressive strength than untreated cryogel. Thus, the adsorption process was performed with cryogel produced with 4% NaOH and vapor deposition of MTMS (FLNB-4D). The heterogeneous experimental adsorption capacity and the compressive strength of the FLNB- 4D cryogel were 21.80 g.g-1 and 93.16 kPa, respectively. In the study of the kinetics, the model that best fitted the process was pseudosecond order and for the study of the adsorption equilibrium was Langmuir. Finally, it is concluded that the process of adsorption of oil by cellulose cryogel can be defined as physisorption and occurs in monolayer. In addition, the cellulose cryogel developed in the present work is suitable for use in the adsorption of petroleum.
Akgul, Alper. "Performance of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) containerized rooted cuttings and bare-root seedlings established on five planting dates in the flatlands of western Louisiana." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2230.
Повний текст джерелаGuo, Dali. "Spatio-temporal patterns of soil resources following disturbance in a 40-year-old slash pine (pinus elliottii Engelm.) forest in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29346.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Nunes, Sandra Sofia Cachulo. "Characterization, micropropagation and preservation of Pinus genotypes." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16501.
Повний текст джерелаSlash Pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) and the hybrid (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis) have a great economic value due to their high growth ratio and resin production. Therefore, it is important to achieve a strategy to propagate this species and the hybrid more rapidly maintaining their characteristics. This project aims to preserve/enlarge the Pinus germplasm collection, provided by the company KLÓN, Innovative Technologies from Cloning, by micropropagation and cryopreservation techniques and analyze the putative changes (genetic stability) in micropropagated plants by flow cytometry, to study plant survival rates, growth and photosynthetic performance after acclimatization. In Chapter I, general aspects of the species and hybrid under study are presented, as well as a brief description of the breeding programs in Pinus spp. and the contribution that innovative techniques of in vitro propagation can give, leading to decades of anticipation on the breeding programs results. It was also described some major aspects to the different micropropagation and cryopreservation techniques, always presenting a review of current knowledge on the use of these techniques in the genus Pinus. Finally, the research objectives of this thesis are presented. Chapter II is dedicated to the application of a micropropagation protocol by proliferation of axillary shoots in the specie Pinus elliottii var. elliottii. This Chapter was divided in two sections. In section II.1 a protocol was optimized for large-scale P. elliottii micropropagation, which describes all the steps from disinfection and seed germination to the production of seedlings in vitro, which were used as explants for shoot induction. Various conditions for induction, shoot elongation and rooting were tested, and a protocol enabling the production of micropropagated plantlets 20 to 22 weeks after germination in vitro has been established. In section II.2 was performed the genetic and physiological characterization of P.elliottii plants micropropagated by the methodology developed in the previous section, in comparison with seedlings. The physiological performance of the plants was evaluated by determination of various parameters associated with photosynthesis and carbon metabolism, such as: chlorophyll a fluorescence; relative water content; gas exchange; pigment and carbohydrate contents. In turn, the genetic characterization was performed by analysis by flow cytometry of putative alterations in DNA content, ploidy level and in cell cycle dynamics. The results indicate that the developed micropropagation protocol for P. elliottii did not induce significative changes, both at physiological and genetic level, in the plants. Chapter III focuses on the optimization of a somatic embryogenesis process for the hybrid Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, from the initiation to the plants regeneration produced from somatic embryos. For initiation of embryogenic cultures of this hybrid, immature megagametophytes obtained from five open-pollinated plus trees were used as explants. To optimize the process, the effect of genotype in both the initiation and maturation, as the influence of different formulations of basal media and growth regulators in the various stages of the process were evaluated. Throughout the process was assessed the genetic stability of embryogenic masses with different time in culture, and at the end of the produced emblings, in comparison with the mother-trees needles. This protocol allows the production of emblings from somatic embryos not having been detected variability in the DNA content and ploidy level. Chapter IV is dedicated to the preservation of germplasm bank produced for the hybrid under study. Cryopreservation of embryogenic masses is beneficial not only for the preservation of germplasm during the breeding programs development, as well as to avoid the loss of the potential of the embryogenic masses. For the optimization of an embryogenic masses cryopreservation protocol using the slow freezing method, different variations were tested in pretreatments and in the duration of slow freezing step. Pretreatments to which the embryogenic tissue was subjected, did not compromise the maturation capacity of cryopreserved masses. On the contrary, cryopreservation had in some genotypes a beneficial effect. The optimized protocol allowed the regeneration of plants from cryopreserved masses and the process did not induce major genetic changes (embryogenic masses cryo and non cryopreserved were analyzed by flow cytometric). Finally, Chapter V presents the final conclusions of this PhD thesis, gathering the results of this thesis on the propagation and preservation methodologies for the species and hybrid in study and discussion this contribution to the state of art in this field. Future challenges for further research in these areas are presented in this Chapter.
Pinus elliottii var. elliottii e o híbrido, Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, têm um grande valor económico, devido à sua elevada taxa de crescimento e produção de resina. Surge assim a necessidade de desenvolver estratégias de propagação mais eficientes desta espécie e do híbrido, mantendo as suas características. Este estudo tem como objetivos preservar / aumentar o banco de germoplasma de Pinus, fornecido pela empresa KLÓN, Innovative Technologies from Cloning, utilizando técnicas de micropropagação e de criopreservação, analisar possíveis alterações na estabilidade genética das plantas micropropagadas através de citometria de fluxo, estudar a taxa de sobrevivência de plantas, crescimento e desempenho fotossintético após aclimatização. No Capítulo I foram abordados aspetos gerais da espécie e híbrido em estudo, assim como uma breve descrição dos programas de melhoramento em Pinus spp. e da contribuição que técnicas inovadoras de propagação in vitro podem dar levando a décadas de antecipação dos resultados dos respectivos programas de melhoramento. Foram também descritos alguns aspetos mais importantes relativos às diferentes técnicas de micropropagação e criopreservação existentes, apresentando sempre uma revisão do conhecimento atual sobre o uso destas técnicas no género Pinus. Para finalizar este capítulo, os objetivos de investigação desta Tese são apresentados. O Capítulo II é dedicado à aplicação de uma metodologia de micropropagação (por proliferação de rebentos axilares) da espécie Pinus elliottii var. elliottii. Este capítulo foi dividido em duas secções. Na secção II.1 foi otimizado um protocolo para micropropagação em larga escala de P. elliottii desde a desinfecção e germinação de sementes para a produção de plântulas in vitro. Estas por sua vez são utilizadas como explantes para a indução de rebentos. Foram testadas várias condições para a indução, alongamento e enraizamento de rebentos, tendo sido estabelecido um protocolo que permite a produção de plântulas micropropagadas 20 a 22 semanas após germinação in vitro. Na secção II.2 foi realizada a caracterização genética e fisiológica de plantas de P. elliottii micropropagadas pela metodologia desenvolvida na secção anterior, em comparação com plantas provenientes de sementeira. O desempenho fisiológico das plantas foi avaliado pela determinação de diversos parâmetros relacionados com a fotossíntese e o metabolismo de carbono, tais como a fluorescência de clorofila a, o teor relativo em água, as trocas gasosas, o teor de pigmentos e de carbohidratos. Por sua vez a caracterização genética foi realizada pela análise do conteúdo em DNA e nível de ploidia, e ainda as dinâmicas do ciclo célular, com recurso à citometria de fluxo. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o protocolo de micropropagação desenvolvido para P. elliottii não provoca alterações significativas tanto a nível fisiológico como genético nas plantas. O Capítulo III centra-se na otimização de um processo de embriogénese somática para o híbrido Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, desde a iniciação até à regeneração de plantas produzidas a partir de embriões somáticos. Para a iniciação de culturas embriogénicas deste híbrido foram utilizados como explantes megagametófitos imaturos obtidos a partir de polinização aberta de cinco árvores plus. Para a otimização do processo foi avaliado o efeito do genótipo tanto na iniciação como na maturação, tal como o influência de diferentes formulações de meios basais e reguladores de crescimento nas diversas fases do processo. Ao longo do processo foi avaliada a estabilidade genética das massas embriogénicas com diferentes tempos de cultura, e no final das plântulas produzidas, em comparação com as agulhas das árvores-mãe, concluindo-se que foi desenvolvido um protocolo que permite a produção de plantas provenientes de embriões somáticos não tendo sido detectada variabilidade ao nível de conteúdo em DNA e nível de ploidia. O Capítulo IV é dedicado à preservação do banco de germoplasma produzido para o híbrido em estudo. A criopreservação de massas embriogénicas é benéfica não só para a preservação de germoplasma durante o desenvolvimento de programas de melhoramento, como para evitar a perda do potencial embriogénico das massas. Para a otimização de um protocolo de criopreservação de massas embriogénicas pelo método de congelamento lento, foram testadas diferentes variações nos pré-tratamentos e na duração do passo de congelação lenta. Os pré-tratamentos a que o tecido embriogénico foi submetido não influenciaram negativamente a capacidade de maturação das massas criopreservadas, apresentando-se a criopreservação até em alguns genótipos com um efeito benéfico. O protocolo otimizado permitiu a regeneração de plantas a partir de massas criopreservadas, para as quais se comprovou que o processo não provocou alterações genéticas, através da análise por citometria de fluxo de massas embriogénicas crio e não criopreservadas. Finalmente, no Capítulo V são apresentadas as conclusões finais da Tese de Doutoramento, onde são realçados os avanços realizados como resultado desta tese nas metodologias de propagação e preservação para a espécie e híbrido em estudo. Neste capítulo são também apresentados os desafios futuros para a continuação da investigação nas áreas de propagação e preservação de Pinus.
Rebenack, Carrie E. "A Carbon and Oxygen Stable Isotope-Dendrochronology Study of Trees from South Florida: Implications for the Development of a High-Resolution Subtropical Paleoclimate Record." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3009.
Повний текст джерелаLindner, Gerard Eckard. "Development of potential height growth and diameter increment models for the parameterisation of an individual tree growth model for Pinus elliottii plantations in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86621.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Individual tree models, as opposed to stand models, have the potential to greatly improve sensitivity of forest growth models to changing conditions such as silvicultural amendments, irregular stand structures, etc. It was the purpose of this study to extend two sub-components of a European individual tree growth model to introduce individual tree growth modelling concepts in South Africa using Pinus elliottii as a study species. Two main objectives were established: Modelling the potential height of stands across different site qualities and modelling diameter increment using a potential modifier approach with a combination of competition indices that change in importance according to the edaphic conditions of the site. Potential height modelling used three steps in order to achieve this objective. The first was to compare site index models based on different model fitting techniques, namely nonlinear least squares, generalised nonlinear least squares and nonlinear mixed effects models. The nonlinear mixed effects model proved to be superior in terms of achieving the principles of regression assumptions and model fit for the data range observed. The second step was to fit potential height using nonlinear quantile regression on observed spacing trial height measurements. This proved to be a robust technique able to capture potentials according to the defined Chapman-Richards model structure. The final step was to use the predicted site index as a site classification variable in order to predict potential height. While some small deviation occurred, potential height seems to be well correlated to site index and validation on selected sites suggested that site index can be used to model potential height until a more sophisticated site classification model is used for future improvement of the model. Diameter increment modelling followed six major steps in order to apply the full parameterisation methodology of an age-independent diameter increment model dependent on tree diameter and competition. Diameter increment potentials were fit using site index as a predictor of the potential height curves. Multiple competition indices were tested on two sites to obtain a combination of two indices, which can capture overtopping and local crowding effects. Principle components analysis and variance inflation factors calculation were applied to test for collinearity between indices. Suitable combinations were tested resulting in a combination of the KKL and Local Basal Area competition indices. Changing importance of the two indices were observed on the two sites tested indicating a shift in the mode of competition according to a water gradient. These were combined in a deterministic potential modifier model, which mimicked competitive stages over age; however the validation showed a skewed distribution, which was not sensitive to stand density gradients. A stochastic model was constructed to model variance from observed residual plots using linear quantile regression to determine bounds for a truncated normal distribution which generates random deviates for a predicted increment. The stochastic element significantly improved the performance and sensitivity of the model, however the model was still not sensitive enough at very high and very low spacing densities. All in all two key models for an adaptation of an individual tree growth simulator to South African conditions were successfully demonstrated. The two main objectives were achieved; however some indicated improvements could be made, especially for the competition indices where the sensitivity of competition to changing resource limitation according to site and temporal scales needs to be further investigated. Furthermore, the full set of models for simulating individual tree growth still needs to be applied. Overall, as a methodological approach, the study outlined problems and future improvements, introduced new concepts and can serve as a guideline for future parameterisation of an individual tree growth model.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In vergelyking met vakgroeimodelle, het individuele-boomgroeimodelle die potensiaal om die sensitiwiteit van plantasiegroeimodelle vir veranderende omstandighede soos aanpassings in boskultuur, onreëlmatige vakstrukture, ensovoorts, drasties te verbeter. Die doel van hierdie studie was om twee subkomponente van ‘n Europese individuele-boomgroeimodel uit te brei om sodoende individuele-boomgroei modelleringskonsepte in Suid-Afrika bekend te stel. Pinus elliottii is gebruik as studiespesie. Twee hoofdoelstellings is bepaal. Eerstens, die modellering van hoogtegroei potensiaal van opstande oor verskeie vlakke van groeiplek kwaliteit. Tweedens, die modellering van deursnee-aanwas deur gebruik te maak van ‘n potensiaal matigingsbenadering “potential modifier approach“ met ‘n kombinasie van kompetisie-indekse waarvan die belangrikheid verander volgens die edafiese toestande van die groeiplek. Die hoogtepotensiaalmodellering bestaan uit drie stappe. Tydens die eerste stap word groeiplek bonniteitsmodelle vergelyk op grond van verskillende modelpassingstegnieke, naamlik nie-lineêre minimum kwadrate, algemene nie-lineêre minimum kwadrate en nie-lineêre gemengde effek modelle. Laasgenoemde het die beste gevaar in terme van die beginsels van regressiemodelle asook die mate waarin die model die waargeneemde data pas. Tweedens is hoogtegroei potensiaal gemodelleer deur nie-lineêre kwantielregressie op waargeneemde hoogtes van spasiëringseksperimente toe te pas. Die metode is robuust en in staat om potensiale volgens die gedefinieerde Chapman Richards modelstruktuur vas te vang. Laastens is die voorspelde bonniteits indeks as ‘n groeiplek klassifasie veranderlike gebruik om sodoende die hoogtegroei potensiaal te voorspel. Alhoewel klein afwykings voorgekom het, blyk hoogtegroei potensiaal goed gekorreleer te wees met bonniteits indeks. Uit validasie op geselekteerde groieplekke blyk dit dat bonniteits indeks gebruik kan word om hoogtegroei potensiaal te modelleer totdat ‘n meer gesofistikeerde groeiplek klassifikasiemodel beskikbaar is wat die model verder sal kan vebeter. Die volledige parametriseringsmetodiek van ‘n ouderdoms-onafhanklike deursnee-aanwas model wat afhanklik is van boomdeursnee en kompetisie bestaan uit ses hoof prosesse. Nie-lineêre kwantielregressie is gebruik om deursnee-aanwaspotensiale te pas vir verskeie groeiplekke. Dié is gekombineer met ‘n bonniteits indeks om ‘n nuwe model te vorm waarmee hoogtegroeipotensiaal kurwes voorpel kon word. Daar is met veelvuldige kompetisie-indekse op twee groeiplekke geëksperimenteer om ‘n kombinasie van slegs twee indekse te vind wat die effekte van oorskaduwing en plaaslike verdringing kan vasvang, te vind. Hoof komponent analise “Principle components analysis” en variansie inflasie faktore berekening “variance inflation factors calculation” is gebruik om vir kollineariteit tussen die indekse te toets. Gepaste indekskombinasies is getoets. ‘n Kombinasie van die KKL en plaaslike basale oppervlakte “Local Basal Area” kompetisie-indekse het die beste resultate gelewer. Die twee indekse is as volg geselekteer. Veranderings in die belangrikheid van elk van die indekse is waargeneem op die twee toetspersele. Dit dui op ‘n verskuiwing in die modus van kompetisie afhangend van ‘n watergradiënt. Die twee indekse is gekombineer in ‘n deterministiese potensiaal matigings model wat die kompeterende stadiums oor ouderdom naboots. Validasie het egter ‘n skewe verdeling wat nie sensitief vir opstandsdigtheidsgradiënte is nie, gewys. ‘n Stogastiese model is ontwikkel om variansie in die residuele grafieke te modelleer. Lineêre kwantielregressie is gebruik om grense vir ‘n afgestompte normaalverdeling wat ewekansige afwykings vir ‘n voorspelde aanwas te bepaal. Die stogastiese element het die prestasie van die deterministiese model merkbaar verbeter. Selfs met die stogastiese element, is die model egter steeds nie sensitief genoeg vir baie hoë en baie lae opstandsdigthede nie. Ter opsomming is twee modelle vir ‘n aanpassing van ‘n individuele-boomgroeisimuleerder vir Suid- Afrikaanse toestande suksesvol gedemonstreer. Die twee hoofdoelstellings is bereik. Daar is egter steeds ‘n paar aangeduide verbeterings wat aangebring kan word. Die sensitiwiteit van die kompetisie-indekse op hulpbronbeperkings wat verander op grond van die ruimtelike en temporale skale moet veral verder bestudeer word. Verder moet die volle stel modelle wat benodig word om individuele-boomgroei te modelleer nog toegepas word. As ‘n metodologiese benadering, het die studie probleme uitgewys en toekomstige verbeterings aangedui, nuwe konsepte bekendgestel en kan dus dien as ‘n riglyn vir toekomstige parametrisering van individuele-boomgroeimodelle.
Ferreira, Jéssimon. "Sistemas capacitivos aplicados na avaliação da umidade relativa de madeira de pinus." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2903.
Повний текст джерелаThis work proposes to characterize a sensor able to identify the Pinus wood moisture status of the Elliotti species. The designed sensor was implemented by two metal plates of rectangular geometric shape forming a bipolar capacitive component. To conditionate the sensor signals, a bridged electric circuit has been implemented and the capacitive sensor integrated into this electrical circuit to be fed by a high frequency alternating current power source (VCA). The purpose of this integration is to obtain in the bridge’s branches an electric signal variation, as a capacitive reactance variation function between the sensor plates. Capacitive reactance is an electrical property identified in the wood when it acts as a dielectric between the sensor metal plates, and may suffer variations depending on the sample humidity variation. With the Pinus wood electric reactance variation, it was possible to record the humidity variation of the samples having as a parameter the electric signals variations provided by the bridge as a capacitive reactance function. In order to obtain the records and perform a comparison method between the humidity of the samples tests and the electrical signal, the samples were initially saturated with water and during a drying process, and the values of the electrical quantities involved were collected during equal time periods, until reaching the dry mass weight. The differential of this work in relation to others of the same theme, is its ability to identify in only one action, without destructive processes usage, small humid spots within a larger area of the analyzed material. The obtained results can be visualized through tables, tables and graphs.
Vieira, João Paulo Viel. "Análise econométrica dos preços de madeira de eucalipto e resina de pinus e avaliação econômica alternativa para seus projetos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8931.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Historically, in Brazil, small farms were used as a source of livelihood or recreation areas, currently also as a way to supplement income or a way to ensure security. These small investors, for lack of knowledge often end up leaving to make economic analyzes and market behavior before engaging in forestry projects. The work aimed to study the behavior of prices of eucalyptus wood and gum rosin of Pinus elliottii and the economic viability of traditional manner and project alternative that aim to produce these two products. For this we used econometric univariate models to forecast the prices of the products studied, finding a maximum error of 4.65%. Conditional heteroscedasticity models were applied to predict the volatility of resin prices and eucalyptus wood prices for the process, which were 5.72% and 4.28% per month respectively. The bootstrap simulation method was used to determine the volatility of pine resin prices, and obtained a value of 8.76%. The theory of real options was used to determine the economic viability of projects, had their results compared with traditional methodologies. Furthermore, the volatility obtained by the conditional heterocedasticity model and the bootstrap alternative approaches were applied to this theory, no difference in volatility analysis obtained by the bootstrap method. It is indicated greater care in feasibility studies for forest projects across the long term that they demand and due to different results according to each methodology as demonstrated in this work.
Historicamente, no Brasil, pequenas propriedades rurais eram utilizadas como fonte de subsistência ou áreas de lazer, atualmente também como uma maneira de complementar a renda ou garantir uma forma de previdência. Esses pequenos investidores, por falta de conhecimento, muitas vezes acabam deixando de fazer análises econômicas e de comportamento de mercado antes de se envolverem em projetos florestais. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento dos preços da madeira de eucalipto e goma resina de Pinus elliottii e a viabilidade econômica de forma tradicional e alternativa de projetos que visam produzir esses dois produtos. Para isso foram utilizados modelos econométricos univariados para fazer a previsão dos preços dos produtos estudados, encontrando um erro máximo de 4,65%. Modelos de heterocedasticidade condicional foram aplicados para prever a volatilidade dos preços de resina e dos preços de madeira de eucalipto para processo, que foram de 5,72% e 4,28% ao mês respectivamente. O método de simulação bootstrap foi utilizado para verificar a volatilidade dos preços de resina pinus, sendo obtido um valor de 8,76%. A teoria das opções reais foi utilizada para verificar a viabilidade econômica de projetos, teve seus resultados comparados com metodologias tradicionais. Além disso, com a volatilidade obtida pelo modelo de heterocedasticidade condicional e pelo método bootstrap foram aplicadas abordagens alternativas dessa teoria, havendo diferença na análise com a volatilidade obtida pelo método bootstrap. Indicam-se maiores cuidados nos estudos de viabilidade para projetos florestais frente ao longo prazo que os mesmos demandam e devido a diferentes resultados de acordo com cada metodologia conforme foi demonstrado nesse trabalho.
Powell, Michael B. "Genetic parameters and evaluation of alternative strategies for the development of superior hybrids of slash and Caribbean pines /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16133.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMurphy, Michael S. "The influence of taproot shape on stem form in loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.)." 2004. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/murphy%5Fmichael%5Fs%5F200412%5Fms.
Повний текст джерела"Effect of smoke solution on performance of Pinus elliottii and P. taeda seed." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2620.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.
Landreth, James Matthew. "Comparing the use of Synthetic Aperture Radar and Landsat Thematic Mapper to predict slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantation attributes." 2002. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/landreth%5Fjames%5Fm%5F200205%5Fms.
Повний текст джерела(13754247), Jenelle Tarlington. "Softwood timber poles: Proving of strength and stiffness." Thesis, 1998. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Softwood_timber_poles_Proving_of_strength_and_stiffness/21048196.
Повний текст джерелаThe method of classification of softwood timber poles within Australia is adopted directly from the United States of America, whereby a pole is classified by its groundline circumference which was determined from a given pole tip load and a fibre stress value (as determined from previous testing). Consequently, the derivation of the basis for classification is based on strength and stiffness values determined from the testing of American timber. This study was conducted to determine the strength and stiffness of Queensland plantation grown softwood.
The strength and stiffness of timber is expressed by the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), respectively.
The samples selected for testing were two lots of 40 specimens of the species Slash Pine (Pinus Elliotti). One sample consisted of poles 9.1m in length, the other 7.6m in length. The species and length of the specimens represent the product of timber poles most commonly utilised by industry. The size of the sample was determined so to be both economic and also to produce results which were a valid indication of the entire population.
Specimens were tested by cantilever loading. Full size poles were placed horizontally into a rigid clamp. A load was then applied to the tip of the pole until failure occurred. The load at failure and corresponding deflection were measured, from which the MOR and MOE of each pole was determined.