Статті в журналах: "Skydrol"

1

Chen, Wei, Xiao Yan Huang, Jien Ma, and You Tong Fang. "Thermal Analysis of a Fluid Immersed Brushless DC Motor for Aerospace Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1126.

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In this paper, the thermal behavior of a 12kW, 12000rpm, wet-type Permanent Magnet Brushless DC motor (BLDC) with skydrol oil inside designed for electro-hydraulic actuation system (EHA) was analyzed. A 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been built. The influence of skydrol hydraulic oil in thermal behavior at both low-speed and high-speed conditions was discussed. The results confirm that the skydrol oil passing through the motor has different impact on the thermal performance in different conditions.

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2

Healy, C. E., R. S. Nair, W. E. Ribelin, and C. L. Bechtel. "SUBCHRONIC RAT INHALATION STUDY WITH SKYDROL® 500B-4 FIRE RESISTANT HYDRAULIC FLUID." American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 53, no. 3 (March 1992): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298669291359474.

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3

Paliy, Andriy, Elchyn Aliiev, Anatoliy Paliy, Katerina Ishchenko, Ivan Rybalko, Olena Pavlichenko, Mikola Prihodko, Vjacheslav Popsui, Larisa Bondarchuk, and Tetyana Chernyavskaya. "Establishing changes in the parameters of teat rubber for milking machines during testing and under industrial conditions." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (121) (February 25, 2023): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.272030.

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The teat rubber of milking machines is the only structural component of all milking and dairy equipment that is in contact with animals. During operation, the rubber article’s original quality characteristics are compromised. This is due to mechanical wear during operation. The task of the research is to establish changes in the parameters of the teat rubber of milking machines during testing and under industrial conditions. The object of research was the teat rubber of milking machines from various manufacturers, made of various composite materials. A scientific hypothesis put forward assumed that an increase in the efficiency of milking and dairy equipment could be achieved by establishing changes in the parameters of the teat rubber with subsequent maintenance planning. This would provide an opportunity to identify patterns and dependences that characterize these processes. In the course of research, theoretical dependences were derived to determine the operation of teat rubber in idle mode and the theoretical time of its operation. It was established that the theoretical wear period of the teat rubber is about 120–170 hours. It was determined that in the environment of SZHR-3, the coefficient of aging in terms of intensity was >2 times higher compared to Skydrol LD-4. The volume under similar conditions of exposure of liquids on samples exceeded by more than 3 times. It is proved that the change in the mass of rubber under the influence of SZHR-3 exceeds more than 2.5 times the indicators obtained from the effects of Skydrol LD-4. It was established that during long-term operation the teat rubber undergoes changes in its physical and mechanical properties. Thus, hardness and elasticity increase, elasticity decreases due to the destruction of the internal structure of rubber due to the formation of microcracks, the vacuum of closing the walls increases. Knowledge of the quality characteristics of the teat rubber would make it possible to find the optimal solution for the choice of rubber articles

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4

Pritchard, Geoffrey, and Steven J. Randies. "Stress, Holes and Chemicals: Environmental Effects on Carbon Fibre Reinforced PEEK Laminates." Engineering Plastics 4, no. 5 (January 1996): 147823919600400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919600400508.

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Carbon fibre/PEEK laminates were immersed in several liquid chemical environments including aviation jet fuel, water, Skydrol hydraulic fluid, and dichloromethane. They were simultaneously subjected to tensile, flexural and (in some cases) compressive loads. Comparison experiments were performed with samples in dry air. The rate of sorption of the liquid environments into quasi- isotropic laminates containing small circular holes was studied as a function of the (constant) strain applied. The specimens were then broken in tension. Strength and modulus retention were noted. The nature and magnitude of the load and of the environment had little effect on the failure mode, but considerable effect on the strength retention, and damage was sometimes initiated in the vicinity of the holes. Critical strain levels for damage initiation in dichloromethane are reported. A few results are also reported for unidirectional laminates, without holes.

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5

Pritchard, Geoffrey, and Steven J. Randies. "Stress, Holes and Chemicals: Environmental Effects on Carbon Fibre Reinforced PEEK Laminates." Polymers and Polymer Composites 4, no. 5 (July 1996): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119600400508.

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Carbon fibre/PEEK laminates were immersed in several liquid chemical environments including aviation jet fuel, water, Skydrol hydraulic fluid, and dichloromethane. They were simultaneously subjected to tensile, flexural and (in some cases) compressive loads. Comparison experiments were performed with samples in dry air. The rate of sorption of the liquid environments into quasi- isotropic laminates containing small circular holes was studied as a function of the (constant) strain applied. The specimens were then broken in tension. Strength and modulus retention were noted. The nature and magnitude of the load and of the environment had little effect on the failure mode, but considerable effect on the strength retention, and damage was sometimes initiated in the vicinity of the holes. Critical strain levels for damage initiation in dichloromethane are reported. A few results are also reported for unidirectional laminates, without holes.

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6

Buggy, Martin, and Kilian O'Byrne. "Effects of skydrol (a hydraulic fluid) on the network structure of TGDDM/DDS-based resins." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 65, no. 10 (September 6, 1997): 2025–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970906)65:10<2025::aid-app20>3.0.co;2-3.

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7

Buggy, Martin, and Kilian O'Byrne. "The effects of skydrol (a hydraulic fluid) on the curing of tetraglycidyl 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane/diaminodiphenyl sulfone-based resins." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62, no. 11 (December 12, 1996): 1869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19961212)62:11<1869::aid-app11>3.0.co;2-u.

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8

Williamson, Malcolm. "Skydio 2+ Enterprise Kit with 3D Scan." Technology|Architecture + Design 6, no. 2 (July 3, 2022): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2022.2116245.

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9

Chalardsakul, Tanawat, Viroch Sukontanakarn, and Chotnarin Piriyasilpa. "The low-cost remote steering control using the dc motor with feedback position." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i4.pp2024-2032.

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The research proposed the design and installation of the DC motor with a feedback position used to control the steering direction of a rice-planting machine here will be converted into driverless robots. The MATLAB/Simulink software is used to simulate and measure signal drive from the servo controller board to obtain results that can be used to drive BTS 7960 motor driver module for the DC motor with feedback position. The SkyDroid T10 is used to remote control of steering direction of rice-planting machines and the mechanism to drive all robots. The results of test results of the robot spraying chemicals in rice fields were excellent. The operator can remotely control the robot through the camera from the mobile phone. The chemicals can be sprayed quickly, and the chemicals are distributed evenly and evenly into the ground.

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10

Ma, Wenhao, and Hongzhen Xu. "Skyline-Enhanced Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Energy-Efficient and QoS-Guaranteed Multi-Cloud Service Composition." Applied Sciences 13, no. 11 (June 4, 2023): 6826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13116826.

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Cloud computing has experienced rapid growth in recent years and has become a critical computing paradigm. Combining multiple cloud services to satisfy complex user requirements has become a research hotspot in cloud computing. Service composition in multi-cloud environments is characterized by high energy consumption, which brings attention to the importance of energy consumption in cross-cloud service composition. Nonetheless, prior research has mainly focused on finding a service composition that maximizes the quality of service (QoS) and overlooks the energy consumption generated during service invocation. Additionally, the dynamic nature of multi-cloud environments challenges the adaptability and scalability of cloud service composition methods. Therefore, we propose the skyline-enhanced deep reinforcement learning approach (SkyDRL) to address these challenges. Our approach defines an energy consumption model for cloud service composition in multi-cloud environments. The branch and bound skyline algorithm is leveraged to reduce the search space and training time. Additionally, we enhance the basic deep Q-network (DQN) algorithm by incorporating double DQN to address the overestimation problem, incorporating Dueling Network and Prioritized Experience Replay to speed up training and improve stability. We evaluate our proposed method using comparative experiments with existing methods. Our results demonstrate that our approach effectively reduces energy consumption in cloud service composition while maintaining good adaptability and scalability in service composition problems. According to the experimental results, our approach outperforms the existing approaches by demonstrating energy savings ranging from 8% to 35%.

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11

Klehm, Carla, Malcolm D. Williamson, Leland C. Bement, and Brandi Bethke. "Remote, Rugged Field Scenarios for Archaeology and the Field Sciences: Object Avoidance and 3D Flight Planning with sUAS Photogrammetry." Remote Sensing 16, no. 8 (April 17, 2024): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16081418.

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Advances built into recent sUASs (drones) offer a compelling possibility for field-based data collection in logistically challenging and GPS-denied environments. sUASs-based photogrammetry generates 3D models of features and landscapes, used extensively in archaeology as well as other field sciences. Until recently, navigation has been limited by the expertise of the pilot, as objects, like trees, and vertical or complex environments, such as cliffs, create significant risks to successful documentation. This article assesses sUASs’ capability for autonomous obstacle avoidance and 3D flight planning using data collection scenarios carried out in Black Mesa, Oklahoma. Imagery processed using commercial software confirmed that the collected data can build photogrammetric models suitable for general archaeological documentation. The results demonstrate that new capabilities in drones may open up new field environments previously considered inaccessible, too risky, or costly for fieldwork, especially for all but the most expert pilots. Emerging technologies for drone-based photogrammetry, such as the Skydio 2+ considered here, place remote, rugged terrain within reach of many archaeological research units in terms of commercial options and cost.

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12

Elgamoudi, Abulasad, Hamza Benzerrouk, Ganapathy Arul Elango, and René Jr Landry. "Quasi-Real RFI Source Generation Using Orolia Skydel LEO Satellite Simulator for Accurate Geolocation and Tracking: Modeling and Experimental Analysis." Electronics 11, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050781.

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Accurate geolocation and tracking of Radio-Frequency Interference (RFI) sources, which affect wireless and satellite systems such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Satellite Communication (SatCom) systems, are considered to be a significant issue. Several studies connected to civil and military operations on this issue have been investigated recently. The literature review has surveyed many algorithm simulations for optimizing geolocation and target-tracking estimation. Although most of these algorithms have their own advantages, they have weaknesses, such as accuracy, mathematical complexity, difficulties in implementation, and validation in the real environment, etc. This study has been concerned with investigating the accuracy of geolocation and tracking under high speed and powerful rotation using extracted data from the Orolia Skydel simulator, which simulates the space environment involving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites as sensors and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as RFI emitters. Various scenarios modeled using the Orolia Simulator for quasi-real dynamic trajectories of LEO satellites have been created. The assumed approaches have been verified by Cramer–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and Posterior CRLB (PCRLB) to determine the increase in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value. The simulation scenarios have been performed using the Monte Carlo iteration. Eventually, the overall achieved results of the considered approaches using data acquired from the Orolia Simulator were presented and compared with theoretical simulation.

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13

Edalat, Kamaladdin, Mohammad Javad Vahdatirad, Hadi Ghodrat, Sarah Firouzian, and Amin Barari. "CHOOSING TBM FOR TABRIZ SUBWAY USING MULTI CRITERIA METHOD." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 16, no. 4 (December 31, 2010): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2010.59.

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The world of underground engineering and construction has acquired a wide‐ranging and high‐level experience on tunnel construction with Tunnel Boring Machines (TBM) and nowadays remarkable progresses are traceable in the number of tunnels that are becoming longer, going deeper, and growing larger in diameter and in other words becoming more difficult to realize. Tabriz‐one of the big cities in northern west of Iran has four subway lines which are under construction or investigation. The phase1 design of Tabriz urban railway line 2 (TURL2) has completely been done. Method statement of this line in the length of about 20 km and much interference due to tunneling in urban area dictates the application of TBM. Two kinds of TBM such as EPB (earth pressure balance) and SS (slurry shield) are usually used for urban areas. In this paper, the process of choosing TBM for TURL2 using MCA method (Multi Criteria Analysis) is expressed. Generally in this method some technical, economical and environmental parameters affected the TBM type are identified and taken into account by assigned weights related to the case study. Finally the results show that EPB‐TBM will be more appropriate choice for TURL2 excavation. Santrauka Potemine intinerija ir statyba labai išplito bei igijo aukšto lygmens patirti tuneliu statyboje emus naudoti tuneliu gretimo mašinas (TGM). Šis statybos būdas taikytas statant daug tuneliu, kurie vis ilgeja, gileja ir plateja pagal skersmeni, t. y. statyba realizuojama sunkiau. Tabrize – viename iš didtiausiu šiaures vakaru Irano miestu – yra keturios statomos arba planuojamos statyti metro linijos. Tabrizo miesto geletinkelio 2‐os linijos (TMG2L) pirmoji projektavimo faze yra baigta. Jos ilgis – 20 km, daug jos atkarpu eina po teme. Poteminems atkarpoms pastatyti gali būti naudojamos dvieju tipu TGM. Tai temes slegines pusiausvyros mašina (TSPM) arba suspensijos skydo mašinos (SSM). Šiame straipsnyje nagrinejamas TGM pasirinkimas tarp TSPM ir SSM taikant daugiatiksli sprendimu priemimo metoda (DSPM). Šiam metodui pritaikyti apibretiami tam tikri techniniai, ekonominiai ir aplinkos rodikliai, darantys itaka TGM tipui. Rodikliams priskiriami svoriai. DSPM taikymo rezultatai parode, kad TSPM yra tinkamesne TMG2L kasti.

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14

Lesimple, Gwladys, Ilias Iliopoulos, Guillaume Miquelard‐Garnier, Thibaut Benethuiliere, Stéphane Bizet, and Bruno Fayolle. "Anomalous hydraulic fluid absorption by carbon fiber/PEKK composites: Physical and mechanical aspects." Polymer Composites, May 9, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.28507.

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AbstractCarbon fiber (CF)/polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) composites are exposed to Skydrol, a hydraulic fluid made of phosphate esters widely used in the aviation field. The present study investigates Skydrol absorption of CF/PEKK composite layups and the associated PEKK matrix. A significant unexpected increase of Skydrol uptake is observed for cross‐ply composites (0.50%) compared to unidirectional ones (0.06%), independently of ply number. The use of ‘model’ fluids like water and ethanol allows to identify the origin of this anomalous Skydrol absorption in the case of cross‐ply layup. We propose that the latter involves an imbibition process governed by the fluid surface tension and the presence of submicronic cavities. SEM imaging of composite cross‐section after ion beam polishing confirms fiber‐matrix submicronic debonding in the interlaminar region in the cross‐ply composite. SEM–EDX confirms the presence of Skydrol into the submicronic cavities. Despite this anomalous absorption, off‐axis tensile testing as well as ILSS testing show no significant impact of Skydrol on CF/PEKK mechanical properties with less than 10% difference compared to the initial values.Highlights Absorption by diffusion of Skydrol in neat PEKK and CF/PEKK composites Link between fluid surface tension and anomalous Skydrol absorption Evidence of submicronic cavities in CF/PEKK composites by means of SEM–EDX Low impact of Skydrol on CF/PEKK mechanical properties

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15

"Radial piston pump is now compatible with Skydrol and Hyjet." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 80, no. 5 (September 5, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat.2008.12780ead.021.

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16

Hübsch, Jan David, Martin Demleitner, Simon Bard, Philipp Berendes, Volker Altstädt, and Christian Mittelstedt. "Influence of Skydrol immersion at elevated temperatures on the thermo‐mechanical properties of a high‐T _g anhydride epoxy resin toughened with a hydroxy‐terminated polyester." Journal of Applied Polymer Science, November 3, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.53263.

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17

Karaliūnas, Simas. "Dėl baltų kalbų šaukšto ir skydo pavadinimų kilmės." Baltistica 30, no. 1 (October 21, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/baltistica.30.1.301.

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18

Prasad, Janani, and Krishna Pidamale. "AI/ML Drone-based Arecanut Monitoring System (ADAMS)." Journal of Student Research 11, no. 4 (November 30, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v11i4.3578.

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The Indian economy relies heavily on agriculture with 72% of farmers in the states of Karnataka and Kerala producing 330 million kilograms of arecanuts. However, a rapid increase in young adults leaving the agriculture field brings hardships for older farmers like my grandparents since physical labor is increasingly expensive, dangerous, and scarce. The purpose of this research is to automate arecanut crop monitoring by providing a safe, affordable, user-friendly, and cutting-edge system that utilizes six major elements to achieve the goal: arecanut farm, drone, dataset collection, data annotations, AI/ML Mask R-CNN prediction model, and app. Research about various drones were conducted to ensure the drone abides by Indian UAV regulations. Since there were no pre-existing arecanut datasets, a DJI Mini 2 drone and Canon DSLR Camera were utilized to capture over 2000 arecanut images in India. Creating my own dataset from scratch was challenging, however it was a significant contribution in advancing computer vision. This dataset was stored on Amazon S3 and classified into ripe, unripe, and dry arecanuts. Each image was manually annotated using VGG Image Annotator and passed into a Convolutional Neural Network called Mask R-CNN to create a prediction model. This was trained on Amazon Web Services (AWS) for 100 epochs. Overall, epoch 85 gave accurate predictions. Additionally, instead of the DJI Mini 2 drone, the Skydio drone would be the best option for real world implementations. My research is a practical and innovative solution to alleviate farmers’ financial and physical hardships.

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