Дисертації з теми "Skin layers"
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Lakew, Wondwosen Ayelework. "Finite element based simulation of abrasion trauma." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2018. http://eprint.iitd.ac.in:80//handle/2074/8036.
Повний текст джерелаHutchins, Nick. "An investigation of larger scale coherent structures in fully developed turbulent boundary layers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289311.
Повний текст джерелаOzertugrul, Selin. "crys.tal.line_ a quest in realms of structure, skin and space." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33895.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Architecture
Varano, Nathaniel David. "Fluid Dynamics and Surface Pressure Fluctuations of Turbulent Boundary Layers Over Sparse Roughness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26918.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Yu, Fang. "Mathematical Modeling of the Disposition of Binary Solutions of Topically Applied Agents in the Stratum Corneum and Underlying Skin Layers." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1627662280457926.
Повний текст джерелаHopkins, Andrew. "Fluid Dynamics and Surface Pressure Fluctuations of Two-Dimensional Turbulent Boundary Layers Over Densely Distributed Surface Roughness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26919.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Meira, Alianise da Silva. "Avaliação de condições experimentais de estudos in vitro de permeação / retenção cutânea empregando pele suína para creme comercial e nanoemulsão contendo penciclovir." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143493.
Повний текст джерелаIn vitro percutaneous absorption studies are an important tool for evaluation of semisolid and transdermal formulations. Although there are a large number of official guides concerned with methodological harmonization in many parameters they remain flexible and it is possible to see the wide variety and differences reported in the literature. The aim of study was to evaluate some parameters regarding the in vitro studies as the mode of skin layers separation, skin frozen stability and permeability difference of anatomical sites. These studies were conducted with porcine skin and formulations (conventional and novel) using penciclovir as model drug. Initially, nanoemulsions were prepared using high pressure homogenization, characterized and incorporated into carbomer 940 gel and evaluated for topical delivery using porcine skin. Simultaneously with the development of the formulation, analytical method for quantification of the drug in the formulations and porcine skin layers was developed and validated. The nanoemulsions presented themselves monodisperse with droplet diameter of 180-200 nm, zeta potential of about -27 mV and penciclovir content of 98% maintaining their structure after incorporation into carbomer 940. The analytical methodology was shown to have high sensitivity (LOQ 0.05 μg/mL), specificity and adequate recovery of drug from the biological matrices (90-104%). Regarding the in vitro comparison methodologies, it was observed that, depending on the solubility of the drug in water and the characteristics of the formulation, the classical separation is not the most suitable for separation of the skin layers. For the stability of frozen porcine skin, the results indicate a significant increase in permeability and penetrability after one month of freezing. Within the anatomical sites tested, there was no difference between the abdomen and ear porcine skin since obtained before the scald procedure.
Alton, Borgelin Teresa. "Who I Am and Who You See." Thesis, Konstfack, Ädellab, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7804.
Повний текст джерелаWedow, Jaret M. "A Flat Plate Skin Friction Correlation Including Transition." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2021. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2299.
Повний текст джерелаCherednychek, Mykyta [Verfasser]. "Different regimes of high harmonics generation in plasma skin layer / Mykyta Cherednychek." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1118687876/34.
Повний текст джерелаEstanbouli, Yasser. "A theoretical investigation of inversion layer transducers (ILT) for ultrasonic skin thickness measurement." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24315.
Повний текст джерелаKinkade, Brittany Reanne. "Addition of a Stanton Gauge to the Boundary Layer Data System." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1260.
Повний текст джерелаMacLean, Matthew. "A Numerical Study of Internal Flow Effects on Skin Friction Gages." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27114.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
DeTurris, Dianne Joan. "A technique for direct measurement of skin friction in supersonic combustion flow." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39449.
Повний текст джерелаMusgrave, Patrick Francis. "Turbulent Boundary Layer over a Piezoelectrically Excited Traveling Wave Surface." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97011.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Sinha, Roy Arijit. "Analysis and control of boundary layer transition on a NACA 0008 wing profile." Thesis, KTH, Mekanik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239931.
Повний текст джерелаSutardi. "Development of a turbulent boundary layer downstream of a transverse square groove." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0008/MQ36182.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHarion, Jean-Luc. "Influence de différences de densité importantes sur les propriétés de transfert d'une couche limite turbulente." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0133.
Повний текст джерелаBertolotti, Fabio P. "Temporal and spatial growth of subharmonic disturbances in Falkner-Skan flows." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90912.
Повний текст джерелаM.S.
Hellon, C. S. "On the use of the boundary layer integral equations for the prediction of skin friction and heat transfer." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3616.
Повний текст джерелаMcClain, Stephen Taylor. "A discrete-element model for turbulent flow over randomly-rough surfaces." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04032002-140007.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Paula Ventura da. "Emprego de redes neurais artificiais com skip-layer connections na mensura??o florestal." UFVJM, 2015. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/999.
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RESUMO SILVA, Paula Ventura da, M.Sc., Emprego de redes neurais artificiais com Skip-Layer Connections na mensura??o florestal. 2015. 46 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncia Florestal) ? Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 2015. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar a aplica??o de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA) utilizando a t?cnica Skip-layer connections, com e sem recorr?ncia, para estima??o do volume individual e da altura total de ?rvores de eucalipto. Os objetivos espec?ficos foram testar e avaliar as redu??es no tamanho da base de dados do conjunto de ajuste (treinamento) para estima??o dessas vari?veis. Os dados utilizados foram provenientes de ?rvores abatidas para cubagem (estima??o do volume individual) e de medi??es de parcelas permanentes de invent?rios florestais cont?nuos (estima??o da altura total), em ?rea de povoamentos de eucalipto localizados no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Foram treinadas redes do tipo Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), utilizando a fun??o de ativa??o log?stica nas camadas intermedi?ria e de sa?da e oito neur?nios na camada oculta. O n?mero de neur?nios na camada de entrada variou conforme o n?mero e o tipo de vari?vel (qualitativa ou quantitativa) em cada estudo. Os crit?rios de parada foram o erro m?dio quadr?tico de 0,0001 ou 3.000 ciclos (?pocas). Em seguida, as RNA selecionadas foram aplicadas em parte dos dados separados, para generaliza??o (valida??o). O software utilizado para o treinamento e a generaliza??o das RNA foi o NeuroForest 3.3. Para compara??o dos resultados obtidos pelas RNA, foram ajustados os modelos tradicionais de regress?o tanto para volume, quanto para altura, e tamb?m foram treinadas e aplicadas RNA usando o algoritmo Resilient Propagation, comumente utilizado em aplica??es da mensura??o florestal. A avalia??o dos resultados gerados pelas RNA e pelos modelos de regress?o foi feita por meio do coeficiente de correla??o entre os valores observados e estimados, de gr?ficos de dispers?o e de histogramas de frequ?ncia percentual dos erros percentuais. As Redes Neurais Artificiais utilizando Skip-layer connections apresentaram resultados satisfat?rios para estima??o de volume e de altura de ?rvores de eucalipto, o que evidencia a possibilidade de aplicar a t?cnica em mensura??o e manejo florestal e uma expressiva redu??o das bases de dados para treinamento das RNA.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015.
ABSTRACT SILVA, Paula Ventura da, M.Sc. Artificial neural networks with skip-layer connections in forest measurement. 2015. 46 f. Dissertation (Master in Forest Science) ? Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 2015. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) using the Skip-layer connections technique, with and without recurrence, to estimate the individual volume and total eucalyptus trees height. Its specific objectives were to test and evaluate reduction in the size of the adjustment assembly database (training) for estimating these variables. The data came from trees felled for scaling (estimation of individual volume) and measurements of permanent plots of continuous forest inventories (estimation of the total height), in eucalypt plantation area located in the south of Bahia, Brazil. Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) network type, using the logistic activation function in the intermediate and output layers and eight neurons in the hidden layer, were trained. The neurons number in the input layer varied according to the number and type of the variable (qualitative or quantitative) in each study. The stopping criteria were the root mean square error 0.0001 or 3,000 cycles (seasons). The software used for the RNA training and generalization was the NeuroForest 3.3. To compare the results obtained by RNA, traditional regression models were set for both the volume and the height, as well as RNA were trained and applied using the Resilient Propagation algorithm, commonly used in forest measurement applications. The evaluation of the results generated by the RNA and by the regression models was made via the correlation coefficient between observed and estimated values, scatter plots and histograms percentage frequency of the percentage errors. Artificial Neural Networks using Skip-layer connections showed satisfactory results for the estimation of volume and eucalyptus trees height, demonstrating the possibility of applying the technique in measuring and forest management and a significant reduction of databases for RNA training.
Kiani, Parnian [Verfasser], and Hartmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlüter. "Mass spectrometric investigation and determination of proteome composition of human skin tissues ablated using picosecond infrared laser (PIRL) in a ‘layer by layer’ approach / Parnian Kiani ; Betreuer: Hartmut Schlüter." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1186891750/34.
Повний текст джерелаDeMoss, Joshua Andrew. "Skin Friction and Cross-flow Separation on an Ellipsoidal Body During Constant Yaw Turns and a Pitch-up Maneuver with Roll Oscillation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29063.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Alabaster, C. M. "The Microwave properties of tissue and other lossy dielectrics." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/251.
Повний текст джерелаParkhe, Vineet. "A Parametric Study on Flow Over a Flat Plate with Microblowing." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1258390482.
Повний текст джерелаAlabaster, Clive M. "The microwave properties of tissue and other lossy dielectrics." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/251.
Повний текст джерелаRiahi, Slimane. "Etude de l'écoulement turbulent dans un canal bidimensionnel à deux parois rugueuses, ou une paroi lisse et une paroi rugueuse." Valenciennes, 1987. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/94fd57b2-e214-43f6-8da6-43775ac5edee.
Повний текст джерелаBrynjell-Rahkola, Mattias. "Global stability analysis of three-dimensional boundary layer flows." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Stabilitet, Transition, Kontroll, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175353.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20151015
Mello, Hilton Carlos de Miranda. "Estudo dos efeitos de um jato sintético simulado numericamente no atraso da separação de uma camada limite sobre um aerofólio hipotético." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-26022006-111816/.
Повний текст джерелаThis work has as a fundamental objective the study of the effects of synthetic jet actuators on the boundary layer flow on a flat plate and on a hypothetical airfoil. The interaction of synthetic jets with transverse flow can lead to an apparent modification in the aerodynamic shape of blunt bodies and, in that way, supply a means of control of transition within the boundary layer. Recent studies demonstrate that different types of flow may be produced by the actuator, depending on the amplitude of oscillation of the membrane. A numerical method for the solution of two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations written in vorticity-velocity formulation is used in this work. The spatial derivatives are discretized with a sixth order compact finite differences scheme. The Poisson equation for the normal velocity component is solved by an iterative line successive over relaxation method and uses a multigrid full approximation scheme to accelerate the convergence. The results of simulations with different values of frequency, amplitude and slot length were verified through a temporal Fourier analysis. By way of this analysis it is verified which are the better parameters for the controlled delay of boundary layer separation
Joseph, Laya. "Development of Ultra-Wide band 500 MHz – 20 GHz Heterogeneous Multi-Layered Phantom Comprises of Human Skin, Fat and Muscle Tissues for Various Microwaves Based Biomedical Application." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets elektronik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402458.
Повний текст джерелаBleesen, Christoph A. "Variotherme Spritzgießtechnologie zur Beeinflussung tribologischer Eigenschaften thermoplastischer Formteile." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-203353.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present work an injection mould was developed and implemented with a novel multilayer composite heating system for dynamic temperature control. Here the selected heating and cooling system was considered from a theoretical and practical point of view and verified for the variothermal manufacturing process. The first practical tests showed that this heating system is suitable for the dynamic temperature control of tools. Subsequently, with this injection mould, test specimens with a special surface structure and varying mould wall temperatures were produced and examined. The aim was to achieve through this structuring an impact on the distribution of glass fibres in the edge region of mouldings and improve the tribological properties of plastic‐plastic‐pairings in terms of friction and wear. With a small selection of structures and corresponding thermoplastic polymeric materials practical experiments for tribological testing were performed
Chevalier, Mattias. "Adjoint based control and optimization of aerodynamic flows." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Mechanics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1435.
Повний текст джерелаBrynjell-Rahkola, Mattias. "Studies on instability and optimal forcing of incompressible flows." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Stabilitet, Transition, Kontroll, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-218172.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20171124
Bleesen, Christoph A. "Variotherme Spritzgießtechnologie zur Beeinflussung tribologischer Eigenschaften thermoplastischer Formteile." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsverlag der Technischen Universität Chemnitz, 2015. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20459.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present work an injection mould was developed and implemented with a novel multilayer composite heating system for dynamic temperature control. Here the selected heating and cooling system was considered from a theoretical and practical point of view and verified for the variothermal manufacturing process. The first practical tests showed that this heating system is suitable for the dynamic temperature control of tools. Subsequently, with this injection mould, test specimens with a special surface structure and varying mould wall temperatures were produced and examined. The aim was to achieve through this structuring an impact on the distribution of glass fibres in the edge region of mouldings and improve the tribological properties of plastic‐plastic‐pairings in terms of friction and wear. With a small selection of structures and corresponding thermoplastic polymeric materials practical experiments for tribological testing were performed.
Štefan, David. "Struktura proudění a energetické přeměny v kolenové sací troubě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229640.
Повний текст джерелаPezzotti, Simone. "DFT-MD simulations and theoretical SFG spectroscopy to characterize H-Bonded networks at aqueous interfaces : from hydrophobic to hydrophilic environments Structural definition of the BIL and DL: a new universal methodology to rationalize non-linear χ(2)(ω) SFG signals at charged interfaces, including χ(3)(ω) contributions What the Diffuse Layer (DL) Reveals in Non-Linear SFG Spectroscopy 2D H-Bond Network as the Topmost Skin to the Air-Water Interface Combining ab-initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations to unravel the structure of the 2D-HB-network at the air-water interface 2D-HB-Network at the air-water interface: A structural and dynamical characterization by means of ab initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations Spectroscopic BIL-SFG Invariance Hides the Chaotropic Effect of Protons at the Air-Water Interface Molecular hydrophobicity at a macroscopically hydrophilic surface Graph theory for automatic structural recognition in molecular dynamics simulations DFT-MD of the (110)-Co3O4 cobalt oxide semiconductor in contact with liquid water, preliminary chemical and physical insights into the electrochemical environment". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE008.
Повний текст джерелаImproving our knowledge on water H-Bonded networks formed in the special environment offered by an interface is pivotal for our understanding of many natural phenomena and technological applications. To reveal the interfacial water arrangement, techniques able to provide detailed microscopic information selectively for the interfacial layer are required. In the present thesis work, we have hence investigated aqueous interfaces at the molecular level, by coupling theoretical modeling from DFT-MD simulations with SFG & THz-IR spectroscopies. By developing new investigation protocols/tools, coupling DFT-MD simulations and SFG spectroscopy, in particular for the more complex rationalization of charged interfaces, we have provided a global comprehension of the effect of various interfacial conditions (hydrophilicity, pH, ionic strength) on the HB-Network formed in the interfacial layer (BIL), on its spectroscopic signatures and on its impact on physico-chemical properties. We have shown for the first time that, in sufficiently hydrophobic conditions, BIL interfacial water creates special 2-Dimensional HB-Networks, experimentally revealed by one specific THz-IR marker band. Such 2D-network dictates HBs and orientational dynamics of interfacial water, surface potential, surface acidity, water surface tension and thermodynamics of hydration of hydrophobic solutes. Such "horizontal ordering” of water at hydrophobic interfaces is found opposite to the “vertical ordering” of water at hydrophilic interfaces, while coexistence of the two orders leads to disordered interfacial water in intermediate hydrophilic/hydrophobic conditions. Both DFT-MD and SFG further revealed how ions & pH conditions alter these BIL-water orders
Hoque, Mohammad Azizul. "Coupled consolidation model for negative skin friction on piles in clay layers." Thesis, 2006. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/8785/1/MR14247.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAjit, Dixit Shivsai. "Structure Of Sink Flow Boundary Layers." Thesis, 2009. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/1098.
Повний текст джерелаAjit, Dixit Shivsai. "Structure Of Sink Flow Boundary Layers." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/1098.
Повний текст джерелаAndrewartha, JM. "The effect of freshwater biofilms on turbulent boundary layers and the implications for hydropower canals." Thesis, 2010. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/10691/1/01front.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHsieh, Chia-Siou, and 謝嘉修. "Development of tri-layer cultured skin substitute." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k6tkhy.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北科技大學
生物科技研究所
98
Skin is composed of epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, important glands, nerves and blood vessels. It is the most important defense line of our human body. It has the functions of thermoregulation, protects the internal organs, regulation of water evaporation to sustain life. When burn or scald occupies area of body surface to reach above 30% or damage to hypodermis occupies area of body surface above 10%, surgical method such as skin grafting must be performed to recover the protective barrier of skin. In general, there are three kinds of skin grafting surgeries, namely autograft, allograft and xenograft. Autograft may face the insufficient supply of oneself skin tissue. Allograft and xenograft will encounter the concern of graft rejection and the risks of zoonostic diseases transmitted from other living organisms. In order to resolve aforementioned problems encountered during grafting, cultured skin substitute has been developed. The existing cultured skin substitutes found in the market use collagen as a matrix for cell attachment and growth. In principle, collagen matrix is inoculated with fibroblast as dermis substitute and inoculated with keratinocyte as epidermis substitute. However the existing cultured skin substitutes have two drawbacks including (1) lack of mechanical strength resulted in easy degradation and shrinkage; (2) delayed vascularization due to ischemia that reduces graft bioactivity, leading to poor grafting efficacy. The present paper introduced a cultured skin substitute with vascularization capacity which can overcome the questions associated with current culture skin substitutes. With the advancement of collagen extraction technology, collagen matrix formation technique, skin cell separation and the mass cultured technology and endothelial cell isolation technique have successfully constructed a tri-layered artificial skin substitute. The anticipated vascularization system will increase not only the mechanical strength of the cultured skin substitute, but also significantly improve transplantation efficacy.
Mahjour, S. B., X. Fu, X. Yang, J. Fong, Farshid Sefat, and H. Wang. "Rapid creation of skin substitutes from human skin cells and biomimetic nanofibers for acute full-thickness wound repair." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/11151.
Повний текст джерелаCreation of functional skin substitutes within a clinically acceptable time window is essential for timely repair and management of large wounds such as extensive burns. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of fabricating skin substitutes via a bottom-up nanofiber-enabled cell assembly approach and using such substitutes for full-thickness wound repair in nude mice. Following a layer-by-layer (L-b-L) manner, human primary skin cells (fibroblasts and keratinocytes) were rapidly assembled together with electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/collagen (3:1 w/w, 8% w/v) nanofibers into 3D constructs, in which fibroblasts and keratinocytes were located in the bottom and upper portion respectively. Following culture, the constructs developed into a skin-like structure with expression of basal keratinocyte markers and deposition of new matrix while exhibited good mechanical strength (as high as 4.0 MPa by 14 days). Treatment of the full-thickness wounds created on the back of nude mice with various grafts (acellular nanofiber meshes, dermal substitutes, skin substitutes and autografts) revealed that 14-day-cultured skin substitutes facilitated a rapid wound closure with complete epithelialization comparable to autografts. Taken together, skin-like substitutes can be formed by L-b-L assembling human skin cells and biomimetic nanofibers and they are effective to heal acute full-thickness wounds in nude mice.
Chou, Yu-Te, and 周育德. "Formation of Skin Layer in Cake Filtration of Deformable Particles." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35168931860556207616.
Повний текст джерела淡江大學
化學工程學系研究所
86
The filtration of deformable particles occurs in many industrial practice, such as chemical industries, food processes, biochemical processes, etc. The basic filtration equations used for the design of a filter or for searching for the optimum operating condition are the conventional filtration theories which can only be employed for rigid particles. By using these equations for the filtration of deformable particles may result in a large deviation between predictions and experimental data. Although the filtration theory of deformable particles is very important, a few researchers pay attention to this subject, and rare efficient theory has been derived. Three kinds of deformable particles (Ca-alginate gel particles) with different elasticity are prepared and used to study the mechanism of formation of skin layer in cake filtration. The experiment data studied by Fischmeister(1978) is used to estimate the value of surface area of particles due to their area contact in a cake. A numerical program is design to simulate the variations of local cake porosity. The results show that the average properties of the filter cake calculated by Kelvin model agree well with the experiment data. Furthermore, the results of simulation of dynamic analysis compared with Kelvin model indicate that the skin layer has been formed at tf in the figure of v vs. t and its thickness ratio in a cake decreases with increasing the time of filtration.
Tseng, Po-Kai, and 曾柏凱. "Preparation of Pt3Ni(Pt-skin) thin layer modified Pd/C oxygen reaction electrocatalysts." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2np3vc.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
化學系所
106
Bimetallic Pt-Ni with Pt on the outermost layer and an innermost layer enriched in Ni, referred to as (Pt3Ni(Pt-skin), is a promising configuration of electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. We prepare a core (Pd)/shell (Pt3Ni(Pt-skin)) catalyst (Pt3Ni(Pt-skin)/Pd/C) from Zn underpotential deposition (UPD) on a Ni UPD modified Pd/C catalyst, facilitating Pt atomic layer-by-layer growth on the Ni surface through the galvanic replacement process. The Pt3Ni(Pt-skin)/Pd/C shows the best ORR performance, with a Pt specific activity 16.7 mA cm-2 and Pt mass activity 14.2 A mgPt-1, which are 90- and 156- fold improvements over commercial Pt/C catalysts. The Pt3Ni(Pt-skin) structure effectively inhibits Ni leaching to improve the durability under the two accelerated durability test modes mimicking the catalyst lifetime and start-up/shut-down cycles.
Zhang, J. N., Z. F. Cui, R. Field, M. G. Moloney, Stephen Rimmer, and H. Ye. "Thermo-responsive microcarriers based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9425.
Повний текст джерелаMicrocarrier cell culture systems provide an attractive alternative to the conventional monolayer cell culture for cell amplification, due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio. Unlike enzymatic methods for removing cells from microcarriers after cell culture, which can lead to irreversible damage of the cells, microcarriers which release cells by temperature adjustment have been developed. This was achieved by grafting a temperature-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), on the microcarrier surface. This review comprehensively presents various methods to prepare such thermo-responsive microcarriers based on PNIPAAm. These methods include the grafting-to technique, grafting-from technique, grafting-through technique, along with methods leading to PNIPAAm hydrogel beads, seeded polymerization, and non-covalent adsorption. The methods for controlling PNIPAAm grafting density, molecular weight and molecular architecture are also outlined. Further, the efficiency of cell attachment, proliferation and thermally-induced detachment of such thermo-responsive microcarriers is introduced and compared. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
EPSRC
Shah, Mohammad Khalid. "Skin friction characteristics in smooth-wall, transitionally rough and fully rough turbulent boundary layer." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/15762.
Повний текст джерелаOguntala, G., V. Indramohan, S. Jeffery, and Raed A. Abd-Alhameed. "Triple-layer Tissue Prediction for Cutaneous Skin Burn Injury: Analytical Solution and Parametric Analysis." 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18487.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper demonstrates a non-Fourier prediction methodology of triple-layer human skin tissue for determining skin burn injury with non-ideal properties of tissue, metabolism and blood perfusion. The dual-phase lag (DPL) bioheat model is employed and solved using joint integral transform (JIT) through Laplace and Fourier transforms methods. Parametric studies on the effects of skin tissue properties, initial temperature, blood perfusion rate and heat transfer parameters for the thermal response and exposure time of the layers of the skin tissue are carried out. The study demonstrates that the initial tissue temperature, the thermal conductivity of the epidermis and dermis, relaxation time, thermalisation time and convective heat transfer coefficient are critical parameters to examine skin burn injury threshold. The study also shows that thermal conductivity and the blood perfusion rate exhibits negligible effects on the burn injury threshold. The objective of the present study is to support the accurate quantification and assessment of skin burn injury for reliable experimentation, design and optimisation of thermal therapy delivery.
Oguntala, George A., V. Indramohan, S. Jeffery, and Raed A. Abd-Alhameed. "Triple-layer Tissue Prediction for Cutaneous Skin Burn Injury: Analytical Solution and Parametric Analysis." 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18487.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper demonstrates a non-Fourier prediction methodology of triple-layer human skin tissue for determining skin burn injury with non-ideal properties of tissue, metabolism and blood perfusion. The dual-phase lag (DPL) bioheat model is employed and solved using joint integral transform (JIT) through Laplace and Fourier transforms methods. Parametric studies on the effects of skin tissue properties, initial temperature, blood perfusion rate and heat transfer parameters for the thermal response and exposure time of the layers of the skin tissue are carried out. The study demonstrates that the initial tissue temperature, the thermal conductivity of the epidermis and dermis, relaxation time, thermalisation time and convective heat transfer coefficient are critical parameters to examine skin burn injury threshold. The study also shows that thermal conductivity and the blood perfusion rate exhibits negligible effects on the burn injury threshold. The objective of the present study is to support the accurate quantification and assessment of skin burn injury for reliable experimentation, design and optimisation of thermal therapy delivery.
The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 15th Apr 2022.
Wen-YungChung and 鍾文陽. "A Study of Sulfurization Cu(InGa)Se2 Skin Layer Used for Solar Cell Applications." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28500285126764571657.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
微電子工程研究所碩博士班
100
In this thesis I used co-electroplating method, instead of traditional physical vapor deposition, to deposition Copper–Indium-Gallium precursors on the flexible stainless steel substrate , followed by a selenization process to form Cu(InGa)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layer and used surface sulfurization the skin layer of the CIGS film to passivate and/or repair the surface defects. The sulfurization process can replace some Se with S which can increase the open-circurt voltage of the solar cell. In this study, the influences of the compositions of the precursors, selenazation temperature and duration, method of sulfurization, and the degree of sulfurization on the CIGS film and on the device characteristics were investigated. A SEM was used to observe the film’s morphology, crystalline phase and orientation were determined by XRD and Raman analysis, and an EDS was used to analyze the compositions of the absorber layer. Finally, Cu(InGa)SeS (CIGSS) thin film solar cells were fabricated and tested.The best device has remarkable diode characteristics.The key parameters are: Voc(open-circuit voltage)=179 mV、Jsc(short-circuit current)=30.97 mA/cm2、F.F.(fill factor)=26%、η=1.46%.