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Статті в журналах з теми "SKEW BEHAVIOR"

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Marsh, Aaron K., Kyle M. Rollins, Bryan Franke, Jaycee Smith, and Katie Palmer. "Passive Force–Deflection Behavior for 0° and 30° Skewed Abutments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2363, no. 1 (January 2013): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2363-02.

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Accounting for seismic forces and thermal expansion in bridge design requires an accurate passive force–deflection relationship for the abutment wall. Current design codes make no allowance for skew effects on passive force; however, small-scale experimental results indicate a significant reduction in peak passive force as skew angle increases for plane-strain cases. To explore this issue further, large-scale field tests were conducted at skew angles of 0° and 30° with unconfined backfill geometry. The abutment back wall was 11 ft (3.35 m) wide by 5.5 ft (1.68 m) high, and backfill material consisted of dense, compacted sand. The peak passive force for the 30° skew was found to be 58% of the peak passive force for the 0° skew case, which was in good agreement with the available laboratory and numerical results; however, the small difference between field and available laboratory results suggests that backfill geometry may have some effect on the reduction in peak passive force with respect to skew angle. Longitudinal displacement of the back wall at the peak passive force was found to be between 3% and 5% of the back wall height for field tests of both the 0° and 30° skew, which was consistent with previously reported values for large-scale passive force–deflection tests. For both tests, the failure geometry extended approximately 4 to 5 ft (1.22 to 1.52 m) beyond the edge of the pile cap and 16 to 18 ft (4.88 to 5.49 m) from the face of the cap when measured perpendicular to the back wall.
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Azikov, N. S., and Yu V. Gaidarzhi. "POSTBUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF SKEW COMPOSITE PLATES." Composites: Mechanics, Computations, Applications, An International Journal 3, no. 2 (2012): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/compmechcomputapplintj.v3.i2.50.

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Lu, Jennifer, and Steven L. Salzberg. "SkewIT: The Skew Index Test for large-scale GC Skew analysis of bacterial genomes." PLOS Computational Biology 16, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): e1008439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008439.

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GC skew is a phenomenon observed in many bacterial genomes, wherein the two replication strands of the same chromosome contain different proportions of guanine and cytosine nucleotides. Here we demonstrate that this phenomenon, which was first discovered in the mid-1990s, can be used today as an analysis tool for the 15,000+ complete bacterial genomes in NCBI’s Refseq library. In order to analyze all 15,000+ genomes, we introduce a new method, SkewIT (Skew Index Test), that calculates a single metric representing the degree of GC skew for a genome. Using this metric, we demonstrate how GC skew patterns are conserved within certain bacterial phyla, e.g. Firmicutes, but show different patterns in other phylogenetic groups such as Actinobacteria. We also discovered that outlier values of SkewIT highlight potential bacterial mis-assemblies. Using our newly defined metric, we identify multiple mis-assembled chromosomal sequences in previously published complete bacterial genomes. We provide a SkewIT web app https://jenniferlu717.shinyapps.io/SkewIT/ that calculates SkewI for any user-provided bacterial sequence. The web app also provides an interactive interface for the data generated in this paper, allowing users to further investigate the SkewI values and thresholds of the Refseq-97 complete bacterial genomes. Individual scripts for analysis of bacterial genomes are provided in the following repository: https://github.com/jenniferlu717/SkewIT.
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Chen, Chao Wei. "Analysis on the Mechanical Behavior of the Pile Base of Integral Abutment Skew Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1203.

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Ansys, the large-scale general FE program, was used to establish computational models of 3×16m-long integral abutment skew bridge with different skew angle to analyze the mechanical characteristics of pile base under the temperature load. Through the analysis of parameters, some helpful conclusions, which would pave the way for further exploration on mechanical behavior of integral abutment skew bridge, were reached.
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Okada, Tatsuya. "Asymptotic Behavior of Skew Conditional Heat Kernels on Graph Networks." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 45, no. 4 (August 1, 1993): 863–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1993-049-6.

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AbstractIn this note, we will consider the heat propagation on locally finite graph networks which satisfy a skew condition on vertices (See Definition of Section 2). For several periodic models, we will construct the heat kernels Pt with the skew condition explicitly, and derive the decay order of Pt as time goes to infinity.
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Abid, Salah, Uday Quaez, and Javier Contreras-Reyes. "An Information-Theoretic Approach for Multivariate Skew-t Distributions and Applications." Mathematics 9, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9020146.

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Shannon and Rényi entropies are two important measures of uncertainty for data analysis. These entropies have been studied for multivariate Student-t and skew-normal distributions. In this paper, we extend the Rényi entropy to multivariate skew-t and finite mixture of multivariate skew-t (FMST) distributions. This class of flexible distributions allows handling asymmetry and tail weight behavior simultaneously. We find upper and lower bounds of Rényi entropy for these families. Numerical simulations illustrate the results for several scenarios: symmetry/asymmetry and light/heavy-tails. Finally, we present applications of our findings to a swordfish length-weight dataset to illustrate the behavior of entropies of the FMST distribution. Comparisons with the counterparts—the finite mixture of multivariate skew-normal and normal distributions—are also presented.
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Abid, Salah, Uday Quaez, and Javier Contreras-Reyes. "An Information-Theoretic Approach for Multivariate Skew-t Distributions and Applications." Mathematics 9, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9020146.

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Shannon and Rényi entropies are two important measures of uncertainty for data analysis. These entropies have been studied for multivariate Student-t and skew-normal distributions. In this paper, we extend the Rényi entropy to multivariate skew-t and finite mixture of multivariate skew-t (FMST) distributions. This class of flexible distributions allows handling asymmetry and tail weight behavior simultaneously. We find upper and lower bounds of Rényi entropy for these families. Numerical simulations illustrate the results for several scenarios: symmetry/asymmetry and light/heavy-tails. Finally, we present applications of our findings to a swordfish length-weight dataset to illustrate the behavior of entropies of the FMST distribution. Comparisons with the counterparts—the finite mixture of multivariate skew-normal and normal distributions—are also presented.
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Azmir, Azra Ariel, Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi Wirastuti, and Komang Oka Saputra. "Review methods for clock skew measurement." MATRIX : Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi dan Informatika 12, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/matrix.v12i3.117-122.

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Clock skew is the deviation of the clock from the true time, which makes it an important role in time information. Clock skew is unavoidable and causes each clock to run at a different speed, so there is a very slight difference between them, but it can still be observed properly. The known properties of clock skew make it potential research for many experts, such as Paxson, Aoki, and Huang. To produce a more accurate clock skew measurement, this study uses the ant colony optimization method by adopting the behavior of an ant colony in searching for food by choosing the path with the shortest route, which will become the cluster offset as a material for measuring clock skew. Ant colony optimization method has the most potential to be adapted in clock skew measurement because the cluster offset is not affected by the upper and the bottom outliers to produce an accurate clock skew measurement.
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Huang, Xin Yi, Yan Jiang Chen, and Wei Dong Zhuo. "Simplified Seismic Response Assessment Method and Parametric Study of Multi-Girder Skew Bridges." Key Engineering Materials 456 (December 2010): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.456.77.

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A simplified grillage bridge model suitable for parametric study of skew bridge is presented, and the formulae for computing the seismic response of skew bridges are developed. Considering the existence of crossbeams and elastic bearings, the effects of stiffness eccentricity ratios, frequency ratios, the number of beams and skew angles are assessed using response spectrum analysis. The results show that the natural frequencies and mode shapes depend mainly on the stiffness eccentricity ratio and frequency ratios. The study also demonstrates that the seismic response of skew bridge is influenced quite noticeably by stiffness eccentricity ratio and frequency ratio. The maximum seismic response of skew bridge can be reduced by increasing stiffness eccentricity ratio and frequency ratio. Based on this study, a theory to evaluate the dynamic behavior and seismic response of skew bridges is presented and it can be conveniently applied in bridge seismic design.
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OBATA, Shigeru, Kazutaka SATO, Satoshi SHIRASAWA, Shigeo YANABE, and Hui CHENG. "429 Research on Skew Behavior of Endless Belt." Proceedings of Yamanashi District Conference 2000 (2000): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeyamanashi.2000.121.

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Дисертації з теми "SKEW BEHAVIOR"

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ANKIT, KUMAR. "SKEW BEHAVIOR IN DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE SUPERSTRUCTURE." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18839.

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The skew effect in a bridge makes the designing and analyzing of bridge more complex. Bridge design is more troublesome by considering skew angle in the engineering community, so there is a requirement to study the effect of skew angle on the skewed bridges such as bending moment, shear force, and other parameters. This investigation based on the effect of skew angle on the design of steel composite super structures in bridges. Four models have been created and have been utilized by using Finite element-based software STAAD PRO V8i. Skew angles are taken as 0, 15, 30, and 45 degrees and all models are exposed to IRC class A, IRC class 70R vehicle and Special Vehicle loading. Results for skewed bridges are in examination with the straight or non-skewed bridges.
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Holthaus, Phillip Mathew. "Behavior at the Corners of Skewed, Single-Span, Cast-in-place, Post-tensioned Box Girder Bridges." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/420.

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In today's textbooks, analyzing prestressed members and bridges takes a two-dimensional approach. Two-dimensional analysis is the only way to analyze prestressed bridges and members because otherwise the hand calculations are extremely difficult. Skewed bridges, however, need to be analyzed and designed three-dimensionally. Based on engineering inspection, it is possible to tell how a non-skewed symmetric bridge will behave. However, the knowledge of how a skewed bridge will behave cannot be obtained by inspection only. Finite element analysis can be used to model a bridge and discover how the bridge will react to dead loads and post-tensioning forces. When a bridge is built on a skew, the acute corners of the bridge support much less concrete weight than the obtuse corners of the bridge. If the post-tensioning force causes a decrease in load at the acute corners of the skewed bridge and if the skew of the bridge is great enough, there is a concern that there could be uplift at these acute corners of the bridge. Uplift at any corner of the bridge should not be allowed. The objective of this study is to investigate a simple span skewed box girder bridge to see if any uplift occurs at the acute corners of the bridge due to post-tensioning forces. After careful study of a skewed simple span cast-in-place post-tensioned box girder bridge, it was found that the post-tensioning force actually transfers more downward force into the acute corners of the bridge. Based on this study, the post-tensioning force will not cause uplift in the acute corners of the skewed bridge.
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Ismail, Eman. "Distribution of stresses and displacements in skewed concrete slabs." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66839.

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A 3D nonlinear finite element analysis was developed for simulating the behavior of skewed concrete slabs and to identify the response of the slab with different angles and element sizes. The purpose of this research is helping the engineering and construction industry to utilize the FEM study and results more in different structural applications.Simulations performed in ABAQUS for skewed slabs are also compared to straight and skewed slabs according to the analytical formulation by Timoshenko.The result showed that when the distance increases, the load capacity measured by reaction forces decreases for all different skew angles except angle 0° and 15° which show a stable reaction force along the entire path. .The study reveals that depending on the skew angle and the element size, the stress distribution and vertical displacements in the slab vary significantly from those in a straight slab. It is shown that the displacement decreases with the increase of the skew angle while the stresses increase with the decrease of the skew angle.There are small differences in the vertical displacements and stress distribution between the results obtained by this study and the results obtained by Timoshenko regarding the plates with skews of 0°, 30° and 45°.
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Palmer, Katie Noel. "Large-Scale Testing of Passive Force Behavior for Skewed Abutments with High Width-Height Ratios." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4176.

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The effects of seismic forces and thermal expansion on bridge performance necessitate an accurate understanding of the relationship between passive force and backwall deflection. In past case studies, skewed bridges exhibited significantly more damage than non-skewed bridges. These findings prompted studies involving numerical modeling, lab-scale tests, and large-scale tests that each showed a dramatic reduction in passive force with increased skew. Using these results, a correlation was developed between peak passive force and backwall skew angle. The majority of these tests had length to height ratios of 2.0; however, for several abutments in the field, the length to height ratio might be considerably higher than 2.0. This change in geometry could potentially affect the validity of the previously found passive force reduction correlation. To explore this issue, laterally loaded, large-scale pile cap tests were performed with densely compacted sand at a length of 11 ft (3.35 m) and a height of 3 ft (0.91 m), resulting in a length to height ratio of 3.7. The backwall interface was adjusted to fit three various skew angles including: 0°, 15° and 30°. The behavior of both the pile cap and adjacent soil backfill were monitored under these conditions. The peak passive force for the 15° and 30° tests were found to be 71% and 45%, respectively, of the peak passive force for the 0° skew test. These findings are relatively consistent with previously performed tests. Passive forces peaked at deflections between 2% and 5% of the backwall height, decreasing with skew angle. All skews exhibited a log spiral failure plane that transitioned into a linear plane. These results also agreed with previously reported values for large-scale passive force-deflection tests. Rotation of the pile cap was detected in the direction opposite to the skew. Higher pressures were found to be on both corners of the pile cap than in the middle portion, as is suggested by the elastic theory.
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Sanchez, Telmo Andres. "Influence of bracing systems on the behavior of curved and skewed steel I-girder bridges during construction." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42731.

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The construction of horizontally curved bridges with skewed supports requires careful consideration. These types of bridges exhibit three-dimensional response characteristics that are not commonly seen in straight bridges with normal supports. As a result, engineers may face difficulties during the construction, when the components of the bridge do not fit together or the final geometry of the structure does not correspond to that intended by the designer. These complications can lead to problems that compromise the serviceability aspects of the bridge and in some cases, its structural integrity. The three dimensional response that curved and skewed bridges exhibit is directly influenced by the bracing system used to configure the structure. In I-girder bridges, cross-frames are provided to integrate the structure, transforming the individual girders into a structural system that can support larger loads than when the girders work separately. In general, they facilitate the construction of the structure. However, they can also induce undesired collateral effects that can be a detriment to the performance of the system. These effects must be considered in the design of a curved and skewed bridge because, in some cases, they can modify substantially its response. This research is focused on understanding how the bracing system affects the performance of curved and skewed I-girder bridges, as well as, the ability of the approximate analysis methods to capture the structural behavior. In this research, techniques that can be implemented in the creation of 2D-grid models are developed to overcome the limitations of this analysis method. In addition, efficient cross-frame arrangements that mitigate the collateral effects of skew are developed. These mitigation schemes reduce the undesired cross-frame forces and flange lateral bending stresses associated with the transverse stiffness of the structure, while ensuring that the bracing system still performs its intended functions.
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Smith, Jaycee Cornwall. "Evaluation of Passive Force Behavior for Bridge Abutments Using Large-Scale Tests with Various Backfill Geometries." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4107.

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Bridge abutments are designed to withstand lateral pressures from thermal expansion and seismic forces. Current design curves have been seen to dangerously over- and under-estimate the peak passive resistance and corresponding deflection of abutment backfills. Similar studies on passive pressure have shown that passive resistance changes with different types of constructed backfills. The effects of changing the length to width ratio, or including MSE wingwalls determine passive force-deflection relationships. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of the wall heights and of the MSE support on passive pressure and backfill failure, and to compare the field results with various predictive methods. To compare the effects of backfill geometries, three large-scale tests with dense compact sand were performed with abutment backfill heights of 3 ft (0.91 m), 5.5 ft (1.68 m), and 5.5 ft (1.68 m) confined with MSE wingwalls. Using an existing pile cap 11 ft (3.35 m) wide and 5.5 ft (1.68 m) high, width to height ratios for the abutment backfills were 3.7 for the 3ft test, and 2.0 for the 5.5ft and MSE tests. The failure surface for the unconfined backfills exhibited a 3D geometry with failure surfaces extending beyond the edge of the cap, increasing the "effective width", and producing a failure "bulb". In contrast, the constraint provided by the MSE wingwalls produced a more 2D failure geometry. The "effective width" of the failure surface increased as the width to height ratio decreased. In terms of total passive force, the unconfined 5.5ft wall provided about 6% more resistance than the 5.5ft MSE wall. However, in terms of passive force/width the MSE wall provided about 70% more resistance than the unconfined wall, which is more consistent with a plane strain, or 2D, failure geometry. In comparison with predicted forces, the MSE curve never seemed to fit, while the 3ft and 5.5ft curves were better represented with different methods. Even with optimizing between both the unconfined curves, the predicted Log Spiral peak passive forces were most accurate, within 12% of the measured peak resistances. The components of passive force between the unconfined tests suggest the passive force is influenced more by frictional resistance and less by the cohesion as the height of the backwall increases.
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Ravaglia, Alex. "Riconoscimento di frodi attraverso la modellazione del comportamento degli utenti." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23107/.

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Lo scopo principale di questa tesi è quello di voler mostrare un approccio per il riconoscimento di frodi bancarie. Vengono descritte e fornite soluzioni per diversi problemi, tra i quali la manipolazione di dataset con distribuzioni sbilanciate dei dati tra le classi. Vengono addestrati e testati diversi algoritmi di classificazione dimostrando come Random Forest e XGBoost siano gli approcci migliori. Un aspetto principale che permette di migliorare notevolmente i risultati ottenuti è quello di basare la classificazione sul comportamento degli utenti. Viene mostrato come sia possibile tramite un processo di feature engineering proporre nuovi attributi che permettano di catturare relazioni tra una transazione bancaria e le operazioni passate effettuate dallo stesso utente. Viene infine proposta l'implementazione di un prototipo basato su un'infrastruttura big data che possa analizzare streaming di dati.
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Freiria, Gabriele Antico. "O desvio reprodutivo se correlaciona positivamente com o parentesco genético e o sistema de acasalamento? Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) como estudo de caso." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7228.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
The orchid bees have always been considered promising for studies of the evolution of social behavior and reproductive division of labor. This is due to the fact that the orchid bees are the only members not clearly eusocial in corbiculate clade. In this study, the correlation between genetic relatedness and reproductive skew was investigated in the genus Euglossa, one of the five genus of Euglossini tribe, in order to support the understanding of the evolution of reproductive division of labor in Euglossini. Among the five genera of Euglossini, Euglossa is the most suitable for studies on the evolution of reproductive division of labor, because in this genus can be found solitary, communal and primitively eusocial species. Twelve nests of Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758) were analyzed. In this species, the foundation process is solitary, but small colonies are formed during nest reactivations, with females establishing different types of associations, in which their relatedness differs. During reactivations, one of the females performs oophagy and then oviposition in brood cells previously operculated by another females, consequently leaving a larger number of offspring. The behavioral analysis associated with relatedness estimates, made through the use of microsatellite markers, indicated that the dominant female perform oophagy followed by oviposition in all operculated cells by the subordinated bees. The reproductive skew was complete, regardless of the type of association established between the interacting females, and so reproductive skew and genetic relatedness was not associated in this study. Furthermore, the nesting biology of Euglossa was also studied, given the information scarcity about the nesting process in most species already described for this genus. Using the technique of trap nests, 43 nests of Euglossa were sampled. This study provides new information on the nesting biology of this genus, especially with regard to natural enemies associated with nests.
As abelhas da tribo Euglossini sempre foram consideradas promissoras para estudos sobre evolução do comportamento social e divisão de trabalho reprodutivo. Isto decorre do fato dos Euglossini serem os únicos membros não claramente eussociais entre as abelhas corbiculadas. Neste estudo, foi investigada a correlação entre parentesco genético e desvio reprodutivo em uma espécie do gênero Euglossa, um dos cinco gêneros de Euglossini, visando subsidiar o entendimento da evolução da divisão de trabalho reprodutivo na tribo. Dentre os cinco gêneros de Euglossini, Euglossa é o mais indicado para estudos sobre a evolução de divisão de trabalho reprodutivo, pois neste gênero são encontradas espécies solitárias, comunais e primitivamente eussociais. Foram analisados doze ninhos da espécie Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758). Nesta espécie, o processo de fundação dos ninhos é solitário, mas pequenas colônias são formadas durante as reativações, com as fêmeas estabelecendo diferentes tipos de associações, nas quais o parentesco entre elas é distinto. Durante as reativações, uma das fêmeas realiza oofagias, seguidas de oviposições em células anteriormente operculadas por outras fêmeas, deixando um maior número de descendentes. As análises de comportamento, associadas a estimativas de parentesco, realizadas mediante o uso de marcadores microssatélites, indicam que as fêmeas dominantes realizam oofagia, seguida de oviposição, em todas as células operculadas pelas subordinadas. O desvio reprodutivo foi completo, independentemente do tipo de associação formada entre as fêmeas reativadoras e, portanto, não houve correlação entre parentesco genético e desvio reprodutivo. Além disso, a biologia de nidificação em espécies de Euglossa foi estudada, dada a escassez de informações sobre os hábitos e características do processo de nidificação na maioria das espécies já descritas. Utilizando a técnica de ninhos-armadilha, foram obtidos 44 ninhos de Euglossa. O estudo traz novas informações sobre a biologia de nidificação no gênero, principalmente no que diz respeito aos inimigos naturais associados aos ninhos.
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Saad, Ahmad. "Material properties of concrete used in skewed concrete bridges." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54412.

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This thesis has discussed both properties and geometry of concrete slabs used in bridges. It gave understanding on behavior of concrete in both tension and compression zones and how crack propagates in specimens by presenting both theory of fracture and performing concrete tests like tension splitting, uniaxial compression and uniaxial tension tests. Furthermore, it supported experimental tests with finite elements modelling for each test, and illustrated both boundary conditions and loads. The thesis has used ARAMIS cameras to observe crack propagations in all experimental tests, and its first study at LNU that emphasized on Brazilian test, because of importance of this test to describe both crushing and cracking behavior of concrete under loading. It’s an excellent opportunity to understand how concrete and steel behave individually and in combination with each other, and to understand fracture process zone, and this has been discussed in theory chapter. The geometry change that could affect stresses distributions has also described in literature and modelled to give good idea on how to model slabs in different angles in the methodology chapter. Thus, thesis will use finite elements program (Abaqus) to model both experimental specimens and concrete slabs without reinforcement to emphasize on concrete behavior and skewness effect. This means studying both properties of concrete and geometry of concrete slabs. This thesis has expanded experimental tests and chose bridges as an application.
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McNulty, Paul. "Behaviour and analysis of a novel skew flexible concrete arch bridge." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679480.

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Masonry arch bridge building declined considerably in· the twentieth century due to the development of faster methods of construction, such as reinforced concrete. However, in recent years, the repair and maintenance of bridge structures has become a major concern. The lower maintenance costs and longer 'design life of arch bridges over alternative bridge designs were key reasons in the selection of several arch bridges built towards the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty first century. The FlexiArch design allows a masonry arch system to be cost competitive with other forms of bridge systems while offering superior durability and lower long term maintenance. The aim of this research was to extend the knowledge of the FlexiArch bridge system into the behaviour of FlexiArch bridge systems with skew and to address the shortfalls found in the literature review. The literature review demonstrated that skew arches are complex 3D structures, and that the assumptions used in current 2D analysis methods to define the effects in the transverse direction often incorrectly predict the behaviour of the skew arch. This research investigated the behaviour of the skew FlexiArch bridge system through a detailed experimental test programme. The experimental test programme involved the design, construction and testing of five third scale skew FlexiArch bridge systems with varying angles of skew. As the skew angle was increased, and the square span and square width were kept constant, the peak load decreased. The skew arch systems transferred the load along the shortest load path; namely the square span direction where possible, or the shortest distance in the highly skewed arch systems. The experimental test data was compared against an analytical model and a 3D NLFEA model, which were found to accurately predict the behaviour of the skew arch.
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Книги з теми "SKEW BEHAVIOR"

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Attanasio, John. Distributive Autonomy, The Constitution, and Campaign Finance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847029.003.0009.

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In Kovacs v. Cooper, the Supreme Court permitted government to regulate the volume of sound trucks. One opinion stated that free speech does not include freedom “to drown out the natural speech of others.” Campaign speech of by interests drowns out all other campaign speech. This problem heavily distorts both the speaker’s right to speak and the listener’s right to know. The distortions disadvantage poorly financed candidates and mislead voters. What people think are the most important issues will be distorted; so will intensity of feelings on those issues. Such distortions will systematically skew electoral behavior based on false information. These distortions impair distributive autonomy of both listeners and speakers. In 2016, both presidential candidates overwhelmingly catered to wealthy donors. In this milieu, wealthy donors comprise the political “in” group; that is, the group who dominates government. Everyone else (the vast majority of voters) is a political “out.”
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Hafemeister, Thomas. Criminal Trials and Mental Disorders. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479804856.001.0001.

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The American criminal justice system is based on the bedrock principles of fairness and justice for all. In striving to ensure that all criminal defendants are treated equally under the law, it endeavors to handle like-cases in like-fashion, adhering to the proposition that the same rules and procedures should be employed regardless of a defendant’s wealth or poverty, social status, race, ethnicity, or gender. Yet, exceptions have been recognized when special circumstances are perceived to have driven a defendant’s behavior or are likely to skew the defendant’s trial. Examples include the right to act in self-defense and to be appointed an attorney if you cannot afford one. Another set of exceptions, but ones that are much more controversial, poorly articulated, and inconsistently applied, involves criminal defendants with a mental disorder. Some of these individuals are perceived to be less culpable, as well as less capable of exercising the rights all defendants retain within the justice system, more in need of mental health services than criminal prosecution, and warranting enhanced protections at trial. As a result, special rules and procedures have evolved over the centuries, often without fanfare and even today with little systematic examination, to be applied to cases involving defendants with a mental disorder. This book offers that systematic examination. It identifies the various stages of criminal justice proceedings when the mental status of a criminal defendant may be relevant, associated legal and policy issues, the history and evolution of these issues, how they are currently resolved, and how forensic mental health assessments are conducted and employed during criminal proceedings.
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Bi, J. F., and K. L. Teo. Nanoscale Ge1−xMnxTe ferromagnetic semiconductors. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.17.

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This article discusses the structure characterizations, magnetic and transport behaviors of the nanoscale ferromagnetic semiconductors Ge1-xMnxTe grown by molecular beam epitaxy with various manganese compositions x ranging from 0.14 to 0.98. After providing an overview of the growth procedure and characterization, the article analyzes the structures of the Ge1-xMnxTe system using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It then considers the optical, magnetic and transport properties of the semiconductors and shows that the crystal quality is degraded and the proportion of amorphous phase increases with increasing Mn composition. Nanoclusters and nanoscale grains can be observed when x > 0.24, which greatly affect their magnetic and electronic properties. The magnetic anisotropy is weakened due to different orientations of the clusters embedded in the GeTe host. An anomalous Hall effect is also observed in the samples, which can be attributed to extrinsic skew scattering.
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Частини книг з теми "SKEW BEHAVIOR"

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Inoue, Eiji. "Male Reproductive Skew and Paternal Kin-Biased Behavior in Primates." In From Genes to Animal Behavior, 67–81. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53892-9_3.

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Dai, J. G., and Y. B. Cao. "Debonding Behavior of Skew FRP-Bonded Concrete Joints." In Advances in FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, 529–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17487-2_114.

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Aliverti, Emanuele, Daniele Durante, and Bruno Scarpa. "Projecting Proportionate Age–Specific Fertility Rates via Bayesian Skewed Processes." In Developments in Demographic Forecasting, 89–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42472-5_5.

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Abstract Fertility rates show dynamically–varying shapes when modeled as a function of the age at delivery. We incorporate this behavior under a novel Bayesian approach for dynamic modeling of proportionate age–specific fertility rates via skewed processes. The model assumes a skew–normal distribution for the age at the moment of childbirth, while allowing the location and the skewness parameters to evolve in time via Gaussian processes priors. Posterior inference is performed via Monte Carlo methods, leveraging results on unified skew–normal distributions. The proposed approach is illustrated on Italian age–specific fertility rates from 1991 to 2014, providing forecasts until 2030.
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Du, Jiabao, Wen Niu, Yu Shi, Yongzhe Wu, Yuan Chen, and Qiang Tang. "Local Mechanical Behaviors of Steel Box Girder During Skew Incremental Launching." In Advances in Geospatial Technology in Mining and Earth Sciences, 371–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20463-0_24.

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Chatterjee, Dona, Arghya Ghosh, and Dipankar Chakravorty. "First Ply Failure Behaviour of Corner Point Supported Laminated Composite Skew Plate." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6738-1_1.

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Giangregorio, Maria Chiara. "Limit Analysis for Masonry Vaults and Domes of Cultural Heritage." In Civil and Environmental Engineering for the Sustainable Development Goals, 67–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99593-5_6.

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AbstractThe scope of this dissertation is the study of masonry shell structures of cultural heritage through limit analysis. The final aim is to set up computational tools, integrated with experimental observations, for use in the interpretation of observed crack patterns and to study the safety of these structures. The kinematic approach is developed to calculate the limit load and the three-dimensional collapse mechanism of symmetric and skew barrel vaults. The effect of structural strengthening is examined as well. A static discrete model is developed for double curvature and polygonal domes, applying equilibrium at the blocks and strength criteria at interfaces. This allows to study a cracked masonry dome, evaluating the collapse multiplier and mechanism by considering the shell flexural response mechanism. This is used also to analyse the actual behaviour in membrane regime of a dome on reaching the maximum load before cracking. Finally, the polygonal dome supporting a tower of the Chiaravalle Abbey in Milan is analysed. Graphical Abstract
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Alòs, Elisa, and Jorge A. León. "On the Short-Time Behaviour of the Implied Volatility Skew for Spread Options and Applications." In Trends in Mathematics, 97–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51753-7_16.

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Chatterjee, Dona, Arghya Ghosh, and Dipankar Chakravorty. "On Nonlinear First Ply Failure Behaviour of Angle Ply Composite Thin Skew Plates Using FEM." In Structural Integrity, 419–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98335-2_28.

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Lee, Jaehun, Sharon Kim, Kyungmin Bae, and Peter Csaba Ölveczky. "Hybrid SynchAADL: Modeling and Formal Analysis of Virtually Synchronous CPSs in AADL." In Computer Aided Verification, 491–504. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81685-8_23.

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AbstractWe present the $$\textsc {Hybrid}\textsc {Synch}\textsc {AADL}$$ H Y B R I D S Y N C H AADL modeling language and formal analysis tool for virtually synchronous cyber-physical systems with complex control programs, continuous behaviors, bounded clock skews, network delays, and execution times. We leverage the Hybrid PALS equivalence, so that it is sufficient to model and verify the simpler underlying synchronous designs. We define the $$\textsc {Hybrid}\textsc {Synch}\textsc {AADL}$$ H Y B R I D S Y N C H AADL language as a sublanguage of the avionics modeling standard AADL for modeling such designs in AADL, and demonstrate the effectiveness of $$\textsc {Hybrid}\textsc {Synch}\textsc {AADL}$$ H Y B R I D S Y N C H AADL on a number of applications.
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Shen, S. F., and H. K. Reeve. "Reproductive Skew." In Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 54–58. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-045337-8.00341-7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "SKEW BEHAVIOR"

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Shiravand, Mahmoud Reza, and Shima Mahboubi. "Seismic behavior of Skew RC Bridges with CFRP piers." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0119.

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<p>This paper aims to investigate the effect of retrofitting piers with CFRP on seismic damage in skew reinforced concrete bridges. To this end, damage limit states of bridge piers in terms of drift ratio are used. Finite element models of a whole bridge are developed for skew angles of 00, 100, 200and 300 and nonlinear time history analysis of the bridges with/without CFRP is performed, using a series of selected ground motion records. Compressive and tensile damage of concrete and drift ratio of bridge piers are estimated, and the results are compared with five damage limit states to specify bridge damage levels under seismic loads. The results show that CFRP strips decrease the compressive damage, the tensile damage, and drift ratio of bridge piers. Moreover, retrofitting piers with CFRP decreases the level of seismic damage of bridge piers.</p>
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Zhang, Song, Xuedao Shu, Jitai Wang, and Chang Xu. "Deformation Behavior of Hollow Axles With Constant Hole Diameter by Three-Roll Skew Rolling." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23225.

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Abstract At present, hollow axles with constant hole diameter is mainly formed by turning thick-walled hollow tubes. This method of processing has low material utilization and processing efficiency. And heat treatment is required to improve the mechanical properties of hollow axles. To improve the material utilization and processing efficiency of hollow axles with constant hole diameter during the forming process, a new processing technique, three-roll skew rolling process, is proposed to form a hollow axles with constant hole diameter in this paper. The three-roll skew rolling process is a continuous plastic forming process, which has high material utilization and processing efficiency, and it can improve the mechanical properties of the rolled parts. Firstly, combining the working principle of three-roll skew rolling and the structural characteristics of hollow axles with constant hole diameter, the forming mechanism of hollow axles with constant hole diameter by three-roll skew rolling is described. Secondly, the finite element model of the hollow axles with constant hole diameter by three-roll skew rolling is established according to the dimensions of the hollow axles with constant hole diameter, the material characteristics of the hollow axles, and the stable rolling conditions of three-roll skew rolling. The process parameters of the hollow axles are also determined. Thirdly, according to each step position of the hollow axles, the forming process of the hollow axles with constant hole diameter by three-roll skew rolling is divided into 5 deformation stages. Lastly, the stress and strain field of each deformation stage of the hollow axles was analyzed. The results show that the dimensions of the hollow axles with constant hole diameter by three-roll skew rolling are very close to the designed dimensions, which indicates that the material utilization of the rolled hollow axles is very high. Along the rolling direction, the descending step of the hollow axle is easier to form than the ascending step, and the forming quality is also better. The surface metal of the rolled hollow axles flows faster than the internal metal. Areas with large stress and strain are mainly concentrated at both ends of the rolled hollow axles. And the magnitude of stress and strain gradually decrease from the surface to the center. The hollow axles with constant hole diameter by three-roll skew rolling has a good forming quality and high forming efficiency. The hollow axles with constant hole diameter is formed by three-roll skew rolling process, which has broad application prospects.
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3

He, Youliang, and Mehdi Sanjari. "Recrystallization Behavior of Non-oriented Electrical Steel Sheets after Skew Cold Rolling." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0833.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Stress-relief annealing is an indispensable processing step for non-oriented electrical steel (NOES) sheets to achieve optimal magnetic properties. The annealing microstructure and texture are not only dependent on the annealing conditions, but also on the prior thermomechanical processing history. To investigate the effect of deformation mode on the recrystallization behavior, a NOES containing 0.9 wt% Si was cold rolled by skew rolling in which the hot-rolled-and-annealed plate was fed at 45° into the rolls to change both the initial texture and the deformation mode. The skew-cold-rolled sheets and those rolled by conventional and cross rolling were then annealed at different temperatures (650 to 1050 °C) for different times (0.5 to 30 min). The recrystallization behavior was characterized using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. It was found that the cold rolling deformation mode and the initial texture have a significant effect on the recrystallization behavior. The recrystallization rates of the skew- and cross- rolled sheets are higher than that of conventionally rolled steel if the annealing temperature is low (650 °C) or the annealing time is short (0.5 min). When the annealing temperature is relatively high (850 °C) and the annealing time is relatively long (2 min), the difference in recrystallization rate is small. In all the cases, skew rolling promotes the formation of the desired &lt;001&gt;//ND (normal direction) texture, and the unfavorable &lt;111&gt;//ND texture is essentially eliminated.</div></div>
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Chaubey, Abhay Kumar, Ajay Kumar, Marcin K. Widomski, and Danuta Barnat-Hunek. "Behavior of laminated composite skew plates under different temperature variations." In CENTRAL EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON THERMOPHYSICS 2019 (CEST). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5120141.

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Sidara, Sthefani Christina Xenalevina, and Imam Jauhari Maknun. "Convergence behavior of DKMQ element in functionally graded material (FGM) skew plate." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS2020). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0030634.

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Batista Adelino, Rogerio, and Leonardo Fernando Cruz Basso. "Risk Seeking Behavior In Anticipation To Volatility Mean Reversal: A Case Study Using Bitcoin And Skew." In Behavioral Science Lab Seminars. ,: Even3, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/bels2021.354865.

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Sharma, S., H. Saran, and S. Bansal. "An Empirical study of clock skew behavior in modern mobile and hand-held devices." In 2011 Third International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks (COMSNETS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comsnets.2011.5716494.

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8

Gangipamula, Rajavamsi, Ashish Prajapati, Ravindra Birajdar, and Shyam Shukla. "Impact of Skew Vane Cut on Alternating Stress in a Low Specific Speed Radial Pump Impeller Vane Using Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) Simulations." In ASME 2021 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2021-65734.

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Abstract Numerical studies are presented on the pressure pulsations, hydraulic excitation forces and alternative stresses produced in a radial volute pump with high head application. The effect of excitation forces due to Rotor-Stator Interaction (RSI) are evaluated using One-way fluid structure Interaction in terms of alternative stresses on impeller pressure side and suction side. Initially, the pump performance parameters are predicted using steady state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and compared with the available test data. Due to the transient behavior of pressure pulsations, a transient CFD simulation has been conducted using RANS models to predict the pressure pulsations and its behavior with time on impeller vane outlet and tongue locations. These unsteady pressure distributions are further coupled with the Finite element (FE) model of the impeller to solve and monitor for the stresses induced due to the transient hydraulic loading. To attenuate the alternating stresses produced due to RSI, the geometry of the vane is modified by providing a skew cut with 30° at vane outlet. The pressure pulsation amplitude and stresses are reduced by 10% and 10% respectively for a skew cut of 30° at vane trailing edge.
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9

Driot, Nicolas, Alain Berlioz, and Claude Henri Lamarque. "Stability and Stationary Response of a Skew Jeffcott Rotor With Geometric Uncertainty." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34737.

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The dynamical behavior of an asymmetrical Jeffcott rotor subjected to a base translational motion is investigated. As the geometry of the skew disk is not well defined, we introduce some randomness. This uncertainty affects a particular parameter in the time-variant motion equations. Consequently, the amplitude of the parametric excitation is a random parameter which leads us to investigate the robustness of the dynamics. The stability is first studied by introducing a transformation of coordinates (feasible in this case) making the problem simpler. Then, far away from the unstable area, the random forced steady state response is computed from the original motion equations. The Taguchi’s method is used to provide statistical moments of the forced response.
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Nie, Walter Z., Nurani Chandrasekhar, and Wei Wu. "Modeling Electric Motors with High Fidelity for Accurate eDrive NVH Simulation." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0533.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">A sophisticated finite element analysis (FEA) method for modeling interior permanent magnet (IPM) electric motors is presented. Based on this method, a coupled structural-acoustic analysis procedure was developed to simulate the motor dyno vibroacoustic responses with improved accuracy and reliability for NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) behavior prediction over a wide range of torques and frequencies under the operational electromagnetic forces. The proposed motor modeling and analysis method is detail-oriented with high fidelity in modeling the structure and complex material representation. To effectively deal with the motor stator core constructed with large numbers of electromagnetic laminae, the unit-cell approach was employed to derive the core material properties by homogenizing the laminated core as an equivalent orthotropic material. Meanwhile, the windings were modeled by capturing the precise geometry for accuracy improvement. Additionally, the method facilitates modeling the varnish fill details between the core, linings, and the windings, such as bonded locations, area coverage, and fill rate. Guidelines pertinent to FEA modeling of motor components related to element type selection, mesh size determination, acoustic domain definition, and structure-acoustic interface connection are also provided. The stator analysis model was first correlated with the free-free modes and frequency response functions (FRF) obtained from the vibrometer test before being incorporated into the motor dyno system to simulate the radiated noise for critical motor whine orders and other NVH-related behavior. Finally, the simulated results were verified against motor dyno test data over a wide range of torque and frequency. This high-fidelity motor model can further be used for advanced studies in objectively assessing the influence of airgap eccentricity, rotor skew configuration, stator attachment architecture, etc., on motor NVH behavior.</div></div>
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