Статті в журналах: "Sinusoidal signal generator"

1

Babichev, Michael M., and Daniil A. Grigoriev. "Formation of a stepped signal with minimum levels of the third harmonic." Digital technology security, no. 1 (March 29, 2023): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2782-2230-2023-1-9-25.

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One of the important tasks of electronic instrumentation is the creation of powerful measuring generators of a sinusoidal signal, in particular, fictitious power generators for testing and verifying electricity meters. Such generators are usually digitally controlled. Get a high efficiency allows pulse-width modulation (PWM). However, when building a device based on PWM, there is a need to suppress higher-order harmonics. To simplify signal filtering, the switching frequency of the keys in the generator is increased, which reduces its efficiency. The paper presents a new method for obtaining a sinusoidal signal by adding three rectangular pulse signals having the frequency of the generated sinusoid, which makes it possible to suppress the 3rd harmonic and filter the harmonics starting from the 5th. This method allows, with high efficiency and a simple output filter, to form a sinusoid with a frequency of not only 50 Hz, but also significantly higher.

2

Rustamaji, Rustamaji, Kania Sawitri, and Ray Hapri Sitepu. "Pembangkit Sinyal ELT pada Frekuensi 121,5 MHz." Jurnal Teknik Elektro 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jte.v11i1.19201.

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An ELT is a beacon indicating the location of distress or crash of aircraft on land or sea. The ELT is placed in an airplane, which is a transmitter with low transmit power and an antenna. The ELT transmitter has been widely used for flights at the frequency of 121.5 MHz (civilian) and 243 MHz (military). The purpose of this study is to produce ELT signal generators at the 121.5 MHz frequency, with low-cost devices that meet specifications for civil aviation. In this research has been produced a design of an ELT signal generator at the frequency of 121.5 MHz, consist of a crystal oscillator, a sawtooth generator, a VCO, and an amplitude modulator. Based on the measurement and test results, the sawtooth generator generated a sawtooth signal at the frequency of 1.8 to 3.6 Hz, the VCO generated a sinusoidal signal at the frequency of 316 to 366 Hz, the RF generator generated a sinusoidal at the frequency of 121.505 MHz. The ELT signal generator was able to generate AM signals at the minimum amplitude deviation of 100 mVpp to maximum one of 156 mVpp, the modulation index (m) of 21.875%, and the frequency of 121.505 MHz. The results of this study are ELT signal generators at the frequencies of 121.5 MHz that are in accordance with specifications for civil aviation.

3

Sun, Guo Dong, Ming Xin Song, Shan Shan Wang, and Yu Zhao. "The Design of the Sinusoidal Signal Generator." Advanced Materials Research 981 (July 2014): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.116.

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Sinusoidal signal generator is common electronic equipment. In this paper, the writer designed a kind of integrated CMOS sine signal generator, which generator uses wien bridge oscillation circuit.This generator circuit mainly constitutes by amplifier, leveled and low-pass filter circuit, which uses Cadence software to simulate and analysis its amplification circuit, in order to get a sine wave which has high performance accuracy and stability. Through simulating this generator, we can get a kind of sine wave which includes the frequency as the 1.109 kHz, the center potential as 2.5V, the amplitude as 2.58V, distortion is less than 2%, and this sine wave is more practical for the lower voltage supply system.

4

Khac, Tung Nguyen, Sergey M. Vlasov, and Anton A. Pyrkin. "Parameters estimation of multi-sinusoidal signal in finite-time." Cybernetics and Physics, Volume 11, 2022, Number 2 (September 30, 2022): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35470/2226-4116-2022-11-2-74-81.

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The problems of identifying the frequency and parameters of multi-sinusoidal signals with constant parameters are considered in finite time. The signal is represented as the output of a linear generator, where the parameters of the sinusoidal signal (amplitude, phase, and frequency) are unknown. The main idea is to apply the Jordan waveform and lag to parameterize the signal and obtain a linear regression model. Unknown parameters are estimated using DREM method. The performance of algorithms considered in the article is illustrated by computer modeling. Our main contribution is to propose a new approach for parameterization of multisinusoidal signals and finite time parameter estimation.

5

Carotenuto, Gianfranco. "A New Method to Detect Zeolite Breath Sensor Response Based on Low-Power Square-Wave Sources." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 10 (October 28, 2019): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.10.1594.

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Low-power A.C. generators of square-wave or sinusoidal signals can be used in combination with impedimetric sensors to detect stimuli on the basis of the voltage drop taking place at the sensor electrodes. When a.c. generators with a power of only a few µ-Watts are used, this approach becomes extremely sensitive. A very low-power generator is the LCD back panel driving signal, which has a flipping polarity with a voltage of 3-5Vpp, depending on the generator model. This type of square-wave generator is contained in many low-cost handheld digital multimeters, and it is used as signal tracer to test, for example, low-frequency amplifiers. As an example, this method has been used to acquire a human breath rate pattern, by using a zeolite-based water sensor. If the generator I-V characteristics has been measured, the achieved breath pattern can be converted from a voltage drop vs. time graph to an impedance or current intensity vs. time graph.

6

Carotenuto, Gianfranco. "New Method to Detect Zeolite Breath Sensor Response Based on Low-Power Square-Wave Sources." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 10 (October 28, 2019): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.10.1594.

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Low-power A.C. generators of square-wave or sinusoidal signals can be used in combination with impedimetric sensors to detect stimuli on the basis of the voltage drop taking place at the sensor electrodes. When a.c. generators with a power of only a few µ-Watts are used, this approach becomes extremely sensitive. A very low-power generator is the LCD back panel driving signal, which has a flipping polarity with a voltage of 3-5Vpp, depending on the generator model. This type of square-wave generator is contained in many low-cost handheld digital multimeters, and it is used as signal tracer to test, for example, low-frequency amplifiers. As an example, this method has been used to acquire a human breath rate pattern, by using a zeolite-based water sensor. If the generator I-V characteristics has been measured, the achieved breath pattern can be converted from a voltage drop vs. time graph to an impedance or current intensity vs. time graph.

7

KILIÇ, RECAI. "SC-CNN BASED MULTIFUNCTION SIGNAL GENERATOR." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 17, no. 12 (December 2007): 4387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127407020038.

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This paper presents a very versatile multifunction signal generator tool. The proposed generator is based on State Controlled Cellular Neural Network (SC-CNN) based Chua's circuit and it has two signal generation modes, namely CM (Chaos Mode) and FM (Function Mode). While the generator is able to produce nonlinear chaotic waveforms in Chaos Mode, it is also able to generate other classical sinusoidal, triangle and square waveforms in Function Mode. The proposed design idea has been validated through computer simulations and laboratory experiments. Future studies with the proposed generator tool will contribute to further developments in SC-CNN based engineering applications.

8

Ting, Hsin-Wen, Cheng-Wu Lin, Bin-Da Liu, and Soon-Jyh Chang. "Oscillator-Based Reconfigurable Sinusoidal Signal Generator for ADC BIST." Journal of Electronic Testing 23, no. 6 (October 10, 2007): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10836-007-5010-x.

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9

Zhidong, Liu, Wang Shixu, Mao Qun, Xu Zilin, Yang Kuo, and Liang Pan. "A Controlled Sinusoidal Signal Generator Based On Direct Digital Synthesize." International Journal of Education and Management Engineering 1, no. 5 (November 29, 2011): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijeme.2011.05.05.

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10

Changyou, Fu. "Design of Sinusoidal Signal Generator Based on Two-wire Transmitter." IERI Procedia 3 (2012): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ieri.2012.09.035.

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11

Tung, Nguyen Khac, S. M. Vlasov, and A. A. Pyrkin. "Algorithm for Identifi cation of Parameters Sinusoidal Signal with the Exponentially Damping Amplitude." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 23, no. 3 (March 6, 2022): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.23.125-131.

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The paper proposes a new method for estimating the parameters of an unbiased sinusoidal signal with the exponentially damping amplitude: frequency, damping coefficient. A sinusoidal signal with exponentially damping amplitude is an important class that can be observed in a wide range of natural phenomena, such as the propagation of acoustic waves, and can also characterize the behavior of artificial systems, arising, for example, as a result of complex interactions between the components of power systems, therefore the task of estimating parameters is sinusoidal. signal with exponentially decaying amplitude is relevant at the present time. It is assumed that the phase, frequency, damping factor and amplitude of a sinusoidal signal with exponentially decaying amplitude are unknown functions of time. In the present work, a new method is proposed for parameterizing a sinusoidal signal with exponentially decaying amplitude. First, a sinusoidal signal with exponentially decaying amplitude is presented as the output of a linear generator, the parameters of the decaying sinusoidal signal (amplitude, phase, damping factor and frequency) are unknown. Then the Jordan form of the matrix and the delay are applied to transform the measured signal, then a linear regression model is obtained, which depends on the frequency and the attenuation coefficient. At the last stage, unknown parameters (frequency, attenuation coefficient) are calculated from the obtained linear regression model. Numerical modeling demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

12

Taher Abuelma’atti, Muhammad, and Abdullah Yousef Alnafisa. "A memristor-based chaotic-masking for analog spread-spectrum communication." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i2.pp966-971.

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<span>This paper presents a simple chaotic-masking system. The system uses a chaos generator built around a grounded memristor. The memristor is emulated using the current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA). At the sending end the signal is masked by adding chaos. At the receiving end the signal is recovered by subtracting the chaos. The performance of proposed system is investigated using sinusoidal and square wave signals.</span>

13

Yin, Shi Rong, and Chao Tao Liu. "A BIST Structure for ADC in Mixed-Signal SOC." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.950.

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A BIST structure for ADC test in Mixed-Signal SOC to characterize both the dynamic and static parameters was presented. A Sigma-Delta modulation based sinewave generator was built on the chip. The frequency, amplitude and phase of the sinusoidal signal can be adjusted through proper selecting generator parameters which are stored in ADC WBR. The response analyzer was built up from the memory and computational resource in the SOC.

14

Luo Hao, 罗浩, 江阳 Jiang Yang, 吴廷伟 Wu Tingwei, 訾月姣 Zi Yuejiao, 马寿虎 Ma Shouhu, 胡雨龙 Hu Yulong, and 唐哲 Tang Zhe. "Triangular Waveform and Sinusoidal Signal Generator Based on Optoelectronic Microwave Oscillator." Acta Optica Sinica 38, no. 3 (2018): 0306002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201838.0306002.

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15

WANNABOON, Chatchai, and Wimol SAN-UM. "Digital Chaotic Signal Generator Using Robust Chaos in Compound Sinusoidal Maps." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E97.A, no. 3 (2014): 781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e97.a.781.

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16

Yamasaki, Akitaka, Chulsoon Kim, Michio Morishita, Yoshiro Tajima, and Shinichiro Gondo. "Sinusoidal signal generator for the study of dynamic behavior of biosensors." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 11, no. 8 (January 1996): 823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-5663(96)85934-3.

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17

Luqman, Mohammad, Achmad Komarudin, and Sidik Nurcahyo. "Rancang bangun pembangkit Sinusoida Pulse Width Modulation berbasis arduino." JURNAL ELTEK 20, no. 1 (August 27, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v20i1.333.

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Kebutuhan energi listrik domestik mayoritas berbentuk gelombang sinusoida pada frekuensi 50 Hz. Sumber energi terbarukan mayoritas berbentuk dc atau daya dengan frekuensi tidak terkontrol. Untuk itu diperlukan alat yang dapat mengontrol bentuk gelombang dan frekuensinya. Alat ini disebut inverter. Inti dari inverter sinusoida terletak pada kontrol switching, dimana bentuk gelombang dan frekuensi ditentukan pada alat kontrol ini, salah satunya adalah gelombang SPWM. Dipasaran tersedia pembangkit SPWM seri EGS-002, modul ini beroperasi pada frekuensi tetap 50 HZ atau 60 Hz, sehingga tidak bisa digunakan untuk membangkitkan daya listrik dengan frekuensi yang variabel. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian ini, tahap awal adalah membuat pembangkit SPWM berbasiskan arduino dengan spesifikasi semirip mungkin dengan EGS-002. Sistem yang dibangun terdiri dari arduino uno sebagai pembangkit sinyal SPWM, driver IR-2110 sebagai penyedia tegangan mengambang (bootstrap) untuk transistor MOSFET tipe-N IRZF44N pada rangkaian H-bridge. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah mikrokontroller arduino uno bisa membangkitkan sinyal SPWM dengan hasil berupa gelombang sinusoida murni dengan frekuensi 50 Hz. Domestic electrical energy needs are in the form of sinusoidal waves at a frequency of 50 Hz. The majority of renewable energy sources are in the form of dc or power with uncontrolled frequency. For that we need a tool that can control the waveform and frequency. This device is called an inverter. The essence of the sinusoidal inverter lies in the switching control, where the waveform and frequency are determined by this controller, one of which is the SPWM wave. In the market, there is an EGS-002 series SPWM generator, this module operates at a fixed frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, so it cannot be used to generate electrical power with a variable frequency. For this reason, this research is carried out, the initial stage is to make an Arduino-based SPWM generator with specifications as close as possible to the EGS-002. The system built consists of Arduino Uno as a SPWM signal generator, IR-2110 driver as a floating voltage provider (bootstrap) for the IRZF44N N-type MOSFET transistor in the H-bridge circuit. The results obtained are the Arduino Uno microcontroller can generate SPWM signals with the results in the form of pure sinusoidal waves with a frequency of 50 Hz.

18

MATTONE, MASSIMILIANO, ELIO MIRALDI, and ANTONIO M. SCARFONE. "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TIME BASE DISTORTION OF A DIGITAL OSCILLOSCOPE." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 27 (October 30, 2009): 3179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909021363.

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The stability of the time base of an oscilloscope has been analyzed by digitizing sinusoidal signals from precision sinusoidal voltage generators. Frequency domain analysis of the recorded data has been performed using the Fourier transform routine built into the recording device, after suitable windowing. Due to the stability of the frequency of the used signals, the expected frequency spectra would be Gaussian functions due to any uncorrelated noise born in all devices connecting the voltage signal generator to the memories of the oscilloscope. The experimental power spectra present instead a non-Gaussian shape, mainly in the points far from their mean values, showing raised "skirt", which a pure Gaussian function is clearly unable to fit. Among the many "deformed" Gaussian distribution functions, those named q-Gaussian and κ-Gaussian respectively, from the symbols used for the characterizing parameters, are instead in good agreement with all experimental power spectra. These results can be attributed mainly to correlated drifts in the time base of the oscilloscope.

19

Wang, Jin Shan. "Electrostatic Discharge Generator Circuit Model and its Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.498.

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According to the international electrotechnical commission issued IEC61000-4-2 testing standards, through the electrostatic discharge current waveform characteristics analysis and numerical experiment method, using exponential pulse signal and the damped sinusoidal signal to construct a new the ESD current expression. Using Laplace transform, established the ESD system mathematical model. According to the mathematical model, construct four-order circuit model of the ESD system, and the simulation is carried out. The simulation results meet the IEC61000-4-2 standard, and verify the consistency of the ESD current expression, the mathematical model and the circuit model.

20

Luqman, Mohammad, Herwandi Herwandi, and Donny Radianto. "Rancang bangun driver inverter 1000 Watt dengan kendali EGS - 002." JURNAL ELTEK 19, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v19i1.290.

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Abstrak Penelitian ini dimulai dengan penentuan spesifikasi sistem yang akan dibuat, yaitu sebuah inverter sinusoida pada tegangan output 220Vac pada frekuensi 50 Hz dengan daya sekitar 1000 Watt. Kontrol utama menggunakan EGS-002 sebagai pembangkit sinyal SPWM dan sekaligus driver transistor switching. Sebagai peranti switching adalah 8 buah transistor MOSFET IRF 3205 dengan konfigurasi full-bridge. Sebagai pengubah sinyal SPWM menjadi sinyal sinusoida sekaligus penaik tegangan output digunakan trafo step-up 24V/220V 10A. Hasilnya berupa inverter dengan luaran berupa gelombang sinusoida dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut: Tegangan masukan 24 VDC. Tegangan luaran 221 VAC dengan bentuk gelombang sinusoida murni pada frekuensi 50 Hz. Daya luaran sampai dengan 905 Watt. Dimensi alat adalah: Panjang 30,5 cm x Lebar 18,5 cm x tinggi 12 cm, dengan berat kurang lebih 3 kg, yang dilengkapi dengan terminal masukan 24Vdc dan 2 buah terminal output 220 Vac (stop kontak). Abstract This research begins with determining the specifications of the system to be made, namely a sinusoidal inverter at an output voltage of 220Vac at a frequency of 50 Hz with a power of about 1000 Watts. The main control uses the EGS-002 as the SPWM signal generator as well as the switching transistor driver. As a switching device are 8 MOSFET transistors IRF 3205 with a full-bridge configuration. To convert the SPWM signal into a sinusoidal signal as well as to increase the output voltage, a 24V / 220V 10A step-up transformer is used. The result is an inverter with a sine wave output with the following specifications: 24 VDC input voltage. Output voltage 221 VAC with pure sinusoidal waveform at a frequency of 50 Hz. Output power up to 905 Watts. The dimensions of the tool are: Length 30.5 cm x Width 18.5 cm x height 12 cm, weighing approximately 3 kg, equipped with a 24Vdc input terminal and 2 220 Vac output terminals (electric socket).

21

Sim, S. Y., C. K. Chia, W. M. Utomo, H. H. Goh, Y. M. Y. Buswig, A. J. M. S. Lim, S. L. Kek, A. A. Bohari, and C. L, Cham. "Enhance Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with Artificial Intelligence Control." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i1.pp105-112.

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This paper proposed a 7-level Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHBMI) with two diffenrent controller, ie, PID and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) controller to improve the output voltage performance and achieve a lower Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). A PWM generator is connected to the 7-level CHBMI to provide switching of the MOSFET. The reference signal waveform for the PWM generator is set to be sinusoidal to obtain an ideal AC output voltage waveform from the CHBMI. By tuning the PID controller as well as the self-learning abilities of the ANN controller, switching signals towards the CHBMI can be improved. Simulation results from the general CHBMI together with the proposed PID and ANN controller based 7-level CHBMI models will be compared and discussed to verifyl the proposed ANN controller based 7-level CHBMI achieved a lower output voltage THD value with a better sinusoidal output performance.

22

Li, Xue Zhe, and Xu Ming Wang. "The Design and Implementation of a Multifunctional Programmable Signal Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 1074–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.1074.

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Signal source with high precision and programmable is needed in modern scientific research, communication system, teaching apparatus, electronic measurement and so on. In the paper, a portable signal generator is proposed, which has a core of AT89C51 and programmable DDS integrated chip AD9833. The paper also introduces the principle and implementation of system project. The generator can output sinusoidal wave, square wave, triangle wave, dc voltage, and it has manual and SPC two working mode, can implement PC SPC output through RS232 communication interface. Experiments show that the system has advantages of high precision, wide scope, small size and flexible operation etc.

23

Babichev, Mikhail. "Implementation of the adaptive quantization method in digitally controlled measuring generators." Analysis and data processing systems, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2782-2001-2021-2-121-134.

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Measuring generators with digital control, in particular power calibrators, used to calibrate electricity meters, contain a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that converts codes of the generated signal into voltage. Signal codes are stored in the generator memory. A truncation discreteness error (quantization noise) arises caused by sampling (quantization) in time and by the level of signal samples in the DAC. A relative value of the quantization noise depends on the amplitude of the generated signal (relative to the reference voltage of the DAC): the larger the amplitude, the more significant bits of the DAC are involved in the conversion process, and the less the relative value of the noise. In generators, where the amplitude of the output signal changes over a wide range (high dynamic range) by changing the digital samples of the signal, the quantization noise at low signal amplitudes can become unacceptably large. This situation occurs in power calibrators where the output current changes hundreds of times since the error of the verified electricity meter is normalized in a wide range of current flowing through it. A new algorithm for generating samples of a sinusoidal signal in measuring generators with digital control called adaptive quantization is proposed. Adaptive quantization can significantly improve one of the selected signal parameters (the so-called optimality criterion), for example, reduce the error in reproduction of the first harmonic, or reduce the value of higher harmonic components. In addition, the proposed algorithm reduces the dependence of the selected parameter on the sampling frequency and on the number of DAC bits used, which makes it possible to expand the dynamic range of the generator (in the current channel) without using additional amplifiers with programmable gain (PGA). Studies carried out using computer simulation have confirmed the efficiency of the adaptive quantization algorithm.

24

Luqman, Mohammad, Bambang Priyadi, and Agus Sukoco Heru Sumarno. "Rancang bangun inverter sinusoida dengan frekuensi variabel." JURNAL ELTEK 21, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v21i2.3322.

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Alat untuk mengubah daya dc menjadi daya ac disebut dengan inverter. Inti dari inverter sinusoida terletak pada kontrol switching, dimana bentuk gelombang dan frekuensi ditentukan pada alat kontrol, salah satunya adalah gelombang SPWM. Dipasaran telah tersedia pembangkit SPWM seri EGS-002, yang beroperasi pada frekuensi tetap 50 HZ atau 60 Hz, sehingga tidak bisa di gunakan untuk membangkitkan listrik dengan frekuensi variabel. Sebagai pembangkit sinyal SPWM dan penentu frekuensi variabel digunakan mikrokontroller arduino Uno. Frekuensi yang direncanakan adalah 10Hz sampai dengan 50Hz. Kontrol frekuensi direncanakan menggunakan variabel resistor. Sebagai driver switching menggunakan H-bridge jenis L-298 yang sudah tersedia dalam bentuk modul driver motor L-298 dan transformator konvensional sebagai penaik tegangan. Hasil yang telah dicapai adalah inverter yang bisa menghasilkan sinyal SPWM dengan frekuensi bisa diatur mulai 9,7Hz sampai dengan 58,14Hz melalui variabel resistor eksternal. Dan sesudah melalui tranformator/ filter akan menghasilkan sinyal sinusoida dengan frekuensi yang sama. ABSTRACT A device for converting dc power into ac power is called an inverter. The essence of the sinusoidal inverter lies in the switching control, where the waveform and frequency are determined by the controller, one of which is the SPWM waveform. In the market, there is an EGS-002 series SPWM generator, which operates at a fixed frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, so it cannot be used to generate electricity with variable frequency. As a SPWM signal generator and variable frequency determinant, Arduino Uno microcontroller is used. The planned frequency is 10Hz to 50Hz. Frequency control is planned using a variable resistor. As a switching driver, it uses an L-298 type H-bridge which is already available in the form of an L-298 motor driver module and a conventional transformer as a voltage booster. The result that has been achieved is an inverter that can produce SPWM signals with adjustable frequency from 9.7Hz to 58.14Hz through an external variable resistor. And after going through the transformer / filter will produce a sinusoidal signal with the same frequency.

25

Yang, Lei, and Zhipeng Li. "Design of sweep frequency signal source in residual stress detection platform based on Zynq." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2085, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2085/1/012006.

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Abstract The signal generator based on DDS technology has high frequency and resolution, and is widely used in many fields such as instrument technology, radar, satellite timing, remote control and telemetry, and is one of the important directions of current signal generator research. In order to achieve a cost-effective, high frequency resolution signal source to stimulate the sensors in the residual stress detection system, this paper selects the Zynq-7020 on-chip system to control the 14-bit direct digital frequency synthesis chip AD9954 to obtain a 40Hz~1MHz sinusoidal signal output. Finally, the performance and technical parameters of the system are tested experimentally. The output signal of the signal source is stable, the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and the frequency error is within 0.1%.

26

Fang, J., P. Jia, and W. Liu. "The dynamic performance analysis of the reciprocating continuous wave generator based on the fluid–structure interaction." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 12 (August 15, 2011): 2892–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211408950.

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Using computational fluid dynamics method, dynamic mesh technology, and the dynamic equation of the moving elements, the performance of the reciprocating continuous wave generator is simulated. The influence of the non-Newtonian property of the drilling fluid on the pressure signal is analysed, and the results show that the influence of the non-Newtonian property on the pressure loss at the orifice is small due to the high Reynolds number. The influence of the motion pattern and the exciting frequency of the pilot valve on the dynamic performance of the generator is also analysed, and the results show that: the signal generated from the sinusoidal motion pattern of the pilot valve changes mildly, which is beneficial to the continuous wave generation; during the main poppet opening, the relief valve is at the position of minimum lift, which results in the slowly decreasing pressure, and the rate of signal generation is decreased.

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Jidin, Aiman Zakwan, Irna Nadira Mahzan, A. Shamsul Rahimi A. Subki, and Wan Haszerila Wan Hassan. "Improve performance of the digital sinusoidal generator in FPGA by memory usage optimization." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1742-1749.

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<p>This paper presented the improvement in the performance of the digital sinusoidal signal generator, which was implemented in FPGA, by optimizing the usage of the available memory onboard. The sine wave was generated by using a Lookup Table method, where its pre-calculated values were stored in the onboard memory, and its frequency can be adjustable by changing the incremental step value of the memory address. In this proposed research, the memory stores only 25000 samples of the first quarter from a period of a sine wave and thus, the output signal accuracy was increased and the output frequency range was expanded, compared to the previous research. The proposed design was successfully developed and implemented in ALTERA Cyclone III DE0 FPGA Development Board, and its functionality was validated via functional simulation in Modelsim and also hardware experimental results observation in SignalTap II.</p>

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Chen, Bingquan, Hongxiu Gao, Hongsheng Li, Hongyang Ma, Peng Gao, Pengcheng Chu, and Peng Shi. "Indoor and Outdoor Surface Measurement of 3D Objects under Different Background Illuminations and Wind Conditions Using Laser-Beam-Based Sinusoidal Fringe Projections." Photonics 8, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060178.

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In this study, both theoretical analysis and experimental validation are carried out for 3D surface measurement under different indoor/outdoor environmental conditions via combining the projected laser-beam-based sinusoidal optical signal, the optical filtering technique, and the single-shot approach based on Fourier transform profilometry. The designed optical signal generator used in this work is capable of ensuring that the projected fringe pattern is monochromatic, higher-contrast, time-invariant, and truly sinusoidal. The proposed and developed optical setup of 3D surface measurement is portable and is used for in-situ experiments of 3D surface measurements that have been carried out under different sunlight illuminations. The experimental results indicate that accurate reconstructions of measured objects with even or varying surface reflectivity can be obtained under windy conditions and strong environmental illuminations such as the background illuminance of 5600–35,000 Lux. The generated fringe-pattern signal is not sensitive to vibrations from environmental influences including the effects of the wind, which has overcome the outdoor-measurement restrictions of the traditional interferometric system and the profilometry approaches based on phase-shifting methods.

29

Blech, M. D., M. M. Leibfritz, R. Hellinger, D. Geier, F. A. Maier, A. M. Pietsch, and T. F. Eibert. "A time domain spherical near-field measurement facility for UWB antennas employing a hardware gating technique." Advances in Radio Science 8 (October 1, 2010): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-8-243-2010.

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Abstract. A spherical near-field antenna measurement facility employing a time domain hardware gating technique is presented. On-off keyed sinusoidal impulses are used as stimuli requiring wideband antennas with a bandwidth in excess of 400 MHz. The received signal is evaluated in the time interval after reaching the steady state and before multipath components arising in the non-ideal anechoic chamber distort the signal. An application specific pulse generator synthesizing sinusoidal impulses with a sub-nanosecond settling time and a low-cost equivalent time (ET) sampling receiver developed and optimized for this particular purpose are described. Measurement results of typical ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas show a significant improvement of the measured antenna pattern compared to conventional techniques.

30

Kang, Shou Qiang, Shan Shan Li, Shi Zheng, and Di Wu. "The Design and Implementation of High Precision Three-Phase Sine-Wave Signal Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.838.

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A design and implementation method of high precision three-phase sine-wave signal generator is proposed based on MCU and FPGA. For the traditional design method, direct analog synthesis method and phase locked loop (PLL) technology are used to design the signal generator. So the function, the precision and other aspects are inadequate. Aiming to the problem, a signal generator is designed based on direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS) technology. The MCU is used to control the peripheral devices and the frequency and phase control word can be obtained. The DDS module is achieved by EP4CE6E22C8 and the waveform lookup table addresses are outputted. The digital three-phase sine-wave data can be read from the lookup table. Through the three-way D/A converter and the amplifier circuit, the digital signal is converted to analog signal and the three-phase sinusoidal wave is outputted. The precision can be improved by increasing the sampling points, phase accumulator bits and D/A bits, and then, high precision three-phase sine-signal can be obtained and the adjustable frequency precision is 0.001.

31

Bordyug, Alexander Sergeevich. "Developing function diagram of digital-analogue control system of ship electric drive." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2022, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-1-85-89.

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The article considers the direct digital control based on microprocessor technology, which has both the undoubted advantages in implementation and some difficulties, for example, work in real time. When developing the control system, two main problems were taken into account: a compromise in choosing possible equipment and signal processing devices. A function diagram of a digital-analogue control system for a ship electric drive is proposed, with can help to increase the reliability of an electric drive with a variable speed. When an electric drive is monitored and regulated, the current, voltage, drive rotation frequency, and the drive shaft rotation angle are under control. In addition, a functional diagram of an electric drive with frequency control has been developed, in which the signal is converted into analog form using a digital-to-analog converter. The application of a two-phase sinusoidal signal generator and a voltage shaper are proposed for obtaining sinusoidal signals of high stability both in phase displacement and in amplitude, which is important from the point of view of the energy characteristics of the electric drive. Further, the signal is converted to the analog form using a digital-to-analog converter and is used as a reference voltage that generates sinusoidal signals. After choosing the element base it can be concluded that the read-only memory device programming is carried out for each engine separately, in contrast to the rest circuit blocks, which are universal, which creates difficulties for creating a universal control system for a ship electric drive. There has been found the possibility of implementing the control system of the electric drive with frequency current control by using the rational distribution of functions between the microprocessor and digital and analog devices.

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Khdair, Mohammed, Constantin-Gheorghe Mihai, Neculai-Eduard Bumbu, and Mihăiţă Horodincă. "Improving Instantaneous Angular Speed Monitoring by Means of Sinusoidal EMF Signals Delivered by a Two-Phase n Poles AC Generator Used as a Sensor." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 69, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2023-0025.

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Abstract This paper introduces a new approach in instantaneous angular speed monitoring using a two-phase n poles AC generator as sensor. A two-phase n poles (n=50) stepper motor plays the role of sensor. Its rotor is firmly connected to the rotary part whose instantaneous angular speed should be measured. The sensor produces two identical sinusoidal EMF (electromotive force) signals (theoretically shifted with π/2 radians) with the same periods T. This paper proposes to use the mathematical product of the numerical descriptions of these EMF signals in order to define a new EMF signal with a period T/2 whose analysis allows the determination of 4·n=200 samples of instantaneous angular velocity on each full rotation. Each period of this new EMF signal (with an overlap of a semi period) is involved in the description of the instantaneous angular speed. In this way, the sensor is virtually converted in a single-phase 2·n poles (2·n=100) AC generator. The experimental results confirm the validity of this approach.

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Chu, Jian, and Feng Zhang. "Research and Design of Dynamic Stiffness Testing System for Actuator." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 1731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.1731.

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Actuator is widely used in the control system. Among all characteristics of an actuator, dynamic stiffness is an important indicator; it must satisfy the requirement to inhibit the control surface’s flutter. This article described the definition of dynamic stiffness of actuator, introduced the importance of the research of dynamic stiffness of actuator, designed a test bench for dynamic stiffness testing and putted forward a method which based on Programmable Logic Controller to simulate a signal generator which generated sinusoidal signal load to test the dynamic stiffness of actuator, found out a worst point of the actuator’s dynamic stiffness, improved the stability of the actuator system and avoided the occurrence of flutter at the frequency.

34

Atmia, Kurniaty, and Muh Aswar. A. "SIMULASI MARKER BEACON BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER DI AKADEMI TEKNIK DAN KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN MAKASSAR." AIRMAN: Jurnal Teknik dan Keselamatan Transportasi 1, no. 1 (July 25, 2018): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46509/ajtkt.v1i1.4.

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Simulasi marker beacon menggunakan mikrokontroler bertindak sebagai otak dari komponen dan Signal generator yang memberikan inputan berupa sinyal sinusoidal ke transmitter. Ketika transmitter mengirim informasi berupa sinyal tersebut kemudian akan diterima oleh receiver dan diteruskan ke speaker, sehingga dapat menghasilkan rancangan yang mensimulasikan prinsip kerja dari suatu peralatan marker beacon. Rancangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan simulasi Marker Beacon Berbasis Mikrokotroller. Metode yang digunakan ialah Perancangan, Simulasi, Percobaan, Transmitter dan Receiver menggunakan Osiloskop, Signal Generator, Speaker, dan Arduino uno. Hasil simulasi ini memberikan manfaat utama yaitu Memudahkan dalam memahami prinsip kerja dari Marker Beacon sekaligus memberikan gambaran tentang gelombang yang dipancarkan oleh marker beacon menggunakan osiloscope serta menambah pengetahuan tentang Alat Navigasi ILS khususnya peralatan Marker Beacon

35

Zeinoun, Michael, Javier Domingo-Diez, Miguel Rodriguez-Garcia, Oscar Garcia, Miroslav Vasic, Milagros Ramos, and José Javier Serrano Olmedo. "Enhancing Magnetic Hyperthermia Nanoparticle Heating Efficiency with Non-Sinusoidal Alternating Magnetic Field Waveforms." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (November 29, 2021): 3240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123240.

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For decades now, conventional sinusoidal signals have been exclusively used in magnetic hyperthermia as the only alternating magnetic field waveform to excite magnetic nanoparticles. However, there are no theoretical nor experimental reasons that prevent the use of different waveforms. The only justifiable motive behind using the sinusoidal signal is its availability and the facility to produce it. Following the development of a configurable alternating magnetic field generator, we aim to study the effect of various waveforms on the heat production effectiveness of magnetic nanoparticles, seeking to prove that signals with more significant slope values, such as the trapezoidal and almost-square signals, allow the nanoparticles to reach higher efficiency in heat generation. Furthermore, we seek to point out that the nanoparticle power dissipation is dependent on the waveform’s slope and not only the frequency, magnetic field intensity and the nanoparticle size. The experimental results showed a remarkably higher heat production performance of the nanoparticles when exposed to trapezoidal and almost-square signals than conventional sinusoidal signals. We conclude that the nanoparticles respond better to the trapezoidal and almost-square signals. On the other hand, the experimental results were used to calculate the normalized power dissipation value and prove its dependency on the slope. However, adjustments are necessary to the coil before proceeding with in vitro and in vivo studies to handle the magnetic fields required.

36

Chruszczyk, Łukasz. "Automatic Test Bench for Selected Transmission Parameters of Power Line Conductors." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eletel-2015-0008.

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Abstract This paper presents automatic test bench used for measurement of selected high frequency parameters of a power copper line. The aim is fast estimation of line behavior in context of Power Line Communication (PLC). The hardware interface uses sinusoidal waveform generator, digital oscilloscope and a PC-class computer. The software interface created in LabVIEW environment performs signal processing and data presentation

37

Bumagin, A. V., A. V. Rutkevich, K. V. Sakharov, V. B. Steshenko, and G. V. Shishkin. "Operating algorithm and hardware implementation of sinusoidal signal parameter measurer in generator excitation circuits." Automation and Remote Control 73, no. 3 (March 2012): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0005117912030137.

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38

Mazumdar, S., and K. Ray. "A Microcomputer—Controlled Drive Signal Generator for 3-Phase Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulated Inverters." IETE Technical Review 5, no. 5 (May 1988): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564602.1988.11438293.

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39

Layton, Anita T., Leon C. Moore, and Harold E. Layton. "Signal transduction in a compliant thick ascending limb." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 302, no. 9 (May 1, 2012): F1188—F1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00732.2010.

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In several previous studies, we used a mathematical model of the thick ascending limb (TAL) to investigate nonlinearities in the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) loop. That model, which represents the TAL as a rigid tube, predicts that TGF signal transduction by the TAL is a generator of nonlinearities: if a sinusoidal oscillation is added to constant intratubular fluid flow, the time interval required for an element of tubular fluid to traverse the TAL, as a function of time, is oscillatory and periodic but not sinusoidal. As a consequence, NaCl concentration in tubular fluid alongside the macula densa will be nonsinusoidal and thus contain harmonics of the original sinusoidal frequency. We hypothesized that the complexity found in power spectra based on in vivo time series of key TGF variables arises in part from those harmonics and that nonlinearities in TGF-mediated oscillations may result in increased NaCl delivery to the distal nephron. To investigate the possibility that a more realistic model of the TAL would damp the harmonics, we have conducted new studies in a model TAL that has compliant walls and thus a tubular radius that depends on transmural pressure. These studies predict that compliant TAL walls do not damp, but instead intensify, the harmonics. In addition, our results predict that mean TAL flow strongly influences the shape of the NaCl concentration waveform at the macula densa. This is a consequence of the inverse relationship between flow speed and transit time, which produces asymmetry between up- and downslopes of the oscillation, and the nonlinearity of TAL NaCl absorption at low flow rates, which broadens the trough of the oscillation relative to the peak. The dependence of waveform shape on mean TAL flow may be the source of the variable degree of distortion, relative to a sine wave, seen in experimental recordings of TGF-mediated oscillations.

40

Senkov, Dmitriy, Dmitriy Pureskin, and Anatoliy Medvedko. "The Based On Digital Signal Processor Power Source With Reversible Output Synchronous Rectifier." Siberian Journal of Physics 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2015-10-2-10-17.

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There are the structure and control algorithms 10kW power source with 25 kHz converter and output synchronous rectifier shown in the article. The output voltage or current of power source has controlled waveform with 1 kHz maximal frequency. The output voltage is galvanically isolated from mains. The source design allows using the load’s energy recuperation in the power converter storage capacitor and soft switching in the synchronous rectifier. The article shows the application of power source as 400 Hz waveform regulated sinusoidal voltage generator.

41

Han, Xu, Peng Wang, Shan Shan Li, and Xue Zhao. "Investigation of Phase-Shifting and Frequency Conversion Sinusoidal Signal Generator Based on DDS and FPGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 1580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1580.

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The direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS) technology has high frequency resolution, fast frequency switching, low phase noise and higher frequency stability, so it is widely used in communications, aerospace, instrumentation and other fields. In this paper, the DDS system was designed based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and hardware design language (VHDL). The experimental and simulation results show that the system has stable output frequency, high frequency accuracy, adjustable frequency and phase.

42

Saab, S. S., J. G. Hobeika, and I. E. Ouaiss. "A Novel Pseudorandom Noise and Band Jammer Generator Using a Composite Sinusoidal Function." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 58, no. 2 (February 2010): 535–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2009.2029726.

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43

Barmpatza, Alexandra C. "The Neutral Voltage Difference Signal as a Means of Investigating Eccentricity and Demagnetization Faults in an AFPM Synchronous Generator." Machines 11, no. 6 (June 14, 2023): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11060647.

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This article investigates the neutral voltage difference signal, VNO signal, for fault diagnosis. The aforementioned signal is the signal of the voltage between the common star point of the stator and the common star point of the load. The under-study faults are demagnetization and static eccentricity faults, while the machine in which the faults are investigated is an axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) synchronous generator, suitable for wind power applications. This study was conducted using a 3D finite element method (3D-FEM), and the machine’s FEM model was validated through experiments. This method is one of the most accurate methods for electrical machine computation, allowing for a detailed study of electromagnetic behavior. The components that constitute the VNO signal were determined using a 3D-FEM software program (Opera 18R2). Subsequently, further analysis was performed using MATLAB R2022b software, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied to this signal. In all the investigated faulty cases, new harmonics appeared, and the healthy amplitudes of most of the already existing harmonics increased. These findings can be used for fault identification. The analysis revealed that the harmonic frequency of 1.5fs was the most dominant in the case of demagnetization, while in the case of static eccentricity, the most dominant harmonic was a frequency equal to the machine’s operating frequency, fs. The novelty of this study is that this signal has not previously been used for fault identification, especially in AFPM synchronous machines. This signal depends on EMF voltage and stator phase currents but is less sinusoidal. Consequently, it can detect faults in cases where the aforementioned signals cannot be used for detection.

44

Kalkar, Purvika, and John Sahaya Rani Alex. "FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAY IMPLEMENTATION OF A VARIABLE LEAKY LEAST MEAN SQUARE ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 13 (April 1, 2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s1.19566.

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Adaptive noise cancellation is an extensively researched area of signal processing. Many algorithms had been studied such as least mean square algorithm (LMS), recursive least square algorithm, and normalized LMS algorithm. The statistical characteristics of noise are fast in nature and the algorithms for noise cancellation should converge fast. Since LMS algorithm has slow convergence; in this paper, a variable leaky LMS (VLLMS) algorithm is explored. VLLMS is implemented using the concept of hardware-software cosimulation using Xilinx System Generator. The design is implemented on Virtex-6 ML605 field programmable gate array board. The implemented design is tested for sinusoidal signal added with an additivewhite Gaussian noise. The design summary and the utilization summary are presented.

45

Ni, Hai Yan, and Jian Ping Hu. "Near-Threshold Flip-Flops Using Clocked Adiabatic Logic in Nanometer CMOS Processes." Key Engineering Materials 460-461 (January 2011): 837–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.460-461.837.

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This paper presents adiabatic flip-flops operating on near-threshold supply voltages. The near-threshold adiabatic flip-flops and sequential circuits are realized with improved CAL (Clocked Adiabatic Logic) circuits using a single-phase power clock. An auxiliary clock generator is used to obtain the non-overlap sinusoidal auxiliary signal pair. A near-threshold mode-10 counter is implemented. All circuits are simulated using Predictive Technology Model (PTM) 45nm process. The near-threshold adiabatic circuits attain large energy savings over a wide range of frequencies, as compared with conventional static CMOS logic circuits.

46

Liang, Kang, Chong Li, Yujian Tong, Jiwen Fang, and Wei Zhong. "Design of a Low-Frequency Harmonic Rotary Piezoelectric Actuator." Actuators 10, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act10010004.

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Piezoelectric actuators usually operate under a high frequency driving signal. Here we report a harmonic rotating piezoelectric actuator by coupling a harmonic wave generator and a friction rotor, in which the actuator can be actuated by a low-frequency sinusoidal signal with positive bias. The harmonic wave is generated by a two-stage magnifying mechanism consisting of a displacement amplifier and a harmonic rod. Applying piezoelectricity theory, the actuator’s output characteristic equations are deduced. What is more, the output characteristics of piezoelectric actuators are tested with the established experimental system. Results show that the generated harmonic displacements can drive the actuator to work normally at a driving voltage of larger than 90 V and the maximum total harmonic displacement of the piezoelectric actuator comes up to 427.6 μm under the driving voltage of 150 V. Meanwhile, the error between the measured and calculated values of the harmonic displacement is less than 7%. Furthermore, the rotational speed of the piezoelectric actuator reaches 5.45 rpm/min at 150 V voltage and 5 Hz driving frequency.

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Ujjwal and Rajkishor Kumar. "Optical Frequency Comb Generator Employing Two Cascaded Frequency Modulators and Mach–Zehnder Modulator." Electronics 12, no. 13 (June 21, 2023): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132762.

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Optical frequency combs (OFCs) are extensively used in spectroscopy, range finding, metrology, and optical communications. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to achieve a flat OFC by serially cascading two frequency modulators (FMs) followed by a single-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM). The modulators are driven by a sinusoidal RF signal of frequencies fm, fm2, and 2 fm GHz, respectively. With our proposed approach (fm), an optical spectrum of 71 subcarriers spaced at 4 GHz is realized within a power fluctuation of ∼2 dB. The proposed method is also tested for fm = 16 GHz, showing that this approach can work in all scenarios with lower power fluctuations. In addition, we also studied the impact of the phase of the RF signal on the power variation of the OFC spectrum. A theoretical investigation of the ultra-flat spectrum generated by cascaded FMs and MZM is conducted, and the results of simulations support the findings. The simulation results demonstrate good performance, allowing for the application of our proposed approach in next-generation optical networks.

48

Liu, Xiaowen, Lin Li, and Andrew J. Mason. "High-throughput impedance spectroscopy biosensor array chip." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2012 (March 28, 2014): 20130107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0107.

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Impedance spectroscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing materials that exhibit a frequency dependent behaviour to an applied electric field. This paper introduces a fully integrated multi-channel impedance extraction circuit that can both generate AC stimulus signals over a broad frequency range and also measure and digitize the real and imaginary components of the impedance response. The circuit was fabricated in a 0.5 μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. Tailored for cellular membrane interface characterization, the signal generator produces sinusoidal waves from 10 mHz to 10 kHz. To suit a variety of applications, the impedance extraction circuit provides a programmable current measurement range from 100 pA to 100 nA with a measured resolution of approximately 100 fA. Occupying only 0.045 mm 2 per measurement channel, the circuit is compact enough to include nearly 200 channels in a 3×3 mm 2 die area.

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Chernyi, Sergei, and Anton Zhilenkov. "Modeling of Complex Structures for the Ship's Power Complex Using Xilinx System." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2015): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ttj-2015-0008.

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Abstract One of the most essential tasks for a number of systems of the automatic controls in the autonomous electric power systems of the water transport is accurate calculation of variable harmonic components in the non-sinusoidal signal. In the autonomous electric power systems operating with full semiconductor capacity, the forms of line currents and voltages are greatly distorted, and generator devices generate voltage with inconsistent frequency, phase and amplitude. It makes calculation of harmonic composition of the distorted signals be a non-trivial task. The present paper provides a mathematical set for solution of the outlined problem including the realization in the discrete form. The simplicity and efficiency of the system proposed make possible to perform its practical realization with the help of cheap FPGA. The test of the developed system has been performed in the medium Matlab.

50

Torriente-García, Ives, Arturo C. Martí, Martín Monteiro, Cecilia Stari, Juan C. Castro-Palacio, and Juan A. Monsoriu. "RLC series circuit made simple and portable with smartphones." Physics Education 59, no. 1 (November 20, 2023): 015016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/ad04fb.

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Abstract This article presents a novel method for studying RLC series circuits using two smartphones, one used as a signal generator and the other as an oscilloscope. We measure the voltage at the external resistor as a function of frequency when subjected to a sinusoidal electromotive force. The experimental results demonstrate a remarkable agreement with the theoretical curve for the voltage at the resistor and the resonance frequency, validating the accuracy of the smartphone-based setup. The experiment fills the gap in educational materials related to electrical circuits and provides a portable alternative to traditional, expensive laboratory equipment.

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